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Macrolobium SCHREB. (LEGUMINOSAE) NO BRASIL

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Macrolobium SCHREB. (LEGUMINOSAE) NO BRASIL UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIODIVERSIDADE E BIOTECNOLOGIA DA REDE BIONORTE Macrolobium SCHREB. (LEGUMINOSAE) NO BRASIL MARIA MARICÉLIA FÉLIX-DA-SILVA BELÉM -PA 2016 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIODIVERSIDADE E BIOTECNOLOGIA DA REDE BIONORTE MARIA MARICÉLIA FÉLIX-DA-SILVA Macrolobium SCHREB. (LEGUMINOSAE) NO BRASIL Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, à Universidade Federal do Pará e ao Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi como requisito parcial para a obtenção do Título de Doutor em Biodiversidade e Conservação. Orientadora: Dra. Maria de Nazaré do Carmo Bastos Coorientadora: Dra. Ely Simone Cajueiro Gurgel BELÉM -PA 2016 Félix-da-Silva, Maria Maricélia Macrolobium Schreb. (Leguminosae) no Brasil. / Maria Maricélia Félix-da-Silva; Orientação de Maria de Nazaré do Carmo Bastos, Coorientaçao de Ely Simone Cajueiro Gurgel – Belém, 2016. 253 f.: il. Tese apresentada ao Curso de Doutorado em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, à Universidade Federal do Pará e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Doutor. 1. Leguminosae – Taxonomia – Brasil. 2. Macrolobium. I. Bastos, Maria de Nazaré do Carmo, Orient. II. Gurgel, Ely Simone Cajueiro, Coorient. III. Universidade Federal do Pará. IV. Título CDD 583.320981 MARIA MARICÉLIA FÉLIX-DA-SILVA Macrolobium SCHREB. (LEGUMINOSAE) NO BRASIL Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, à Universidade Federal do Pará e ao Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do Título de Doutor em Biodiversidade e Conservação. BANCA EXAMINADORA _______________________________________ Dra. Maria de Nazaré do Carmo Bastos Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) (Presidente) _______________________________________ Dr. Ricardo de S. Secco Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) Examinador _______________________________________ Dr. Antônio Elielson Sousa da Rocha Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) Examinador _______________________________________ Dr. Pedro Lage Viana Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) Examinador _______________________________________ Dra. Flávia Cristina Araújo Lucas Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA) Examinadora _______________________________________ Dr. Manoel Euclides do Nascimento Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) Suplente _______________________________________ Dra. Gracialda da Costa Ferreira Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) Suplente Aos meus pais, José e Edite DEDICO AGRADECIMENTOS A DEUS, por ter tornado esse momento possível e, por ser minha fonte de força, sabedoria e coragem para viver cada dia. Aos meus pais, pela educação e apoio incondicional, fundamentais ao meu crescimento pessoal e profissional. Aos meus irmãos, tias, madrinhas, sobrinhos, primo(a)s e amigo(a)s pelo apoio e incentivo constantes. À Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa (FUNAPE), pela concessão da Bolsa de Doutorado durante dez meses, e à Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), por doze meses. Às minhas orientadoras, Dra. Maria de Nazaré do Carmo Bastos e Dra. Ely Simone Cajueiro Gurgel, desde o estágio durante a graduação até o doutorado, pela busca de recursos para execução deste e de outros trabalhos, pela confiança concedida, orientação, ensinamentos, incentivo constante e paciência. À Stella Sylva, do New York Botanical Garden, por disponibilizar a casa durante minha estada em Nova York. À Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM) e à Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) pela estrutura do curso. Ao Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) pela estrutura física e de pessoal disponibilizados para a realização do curso. À Dra. Anna Luíza Ilkiu-Borges, Chefe da Coordenação de Botânica, do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, pela disponibilização de sala de estudo e livre acesso ao Laboratório de Taxonomia. Aos Coordenadores do Curso de doutorado, Coordenação Geral Dr. Spartaco Filho e Coordenação do Polo Pará, Dra. Eloísa Andrade, especialmente, aos primeiros coordenadores do Polo Pará: Dra. Maria de Lourdes Ruivo e Dr. Mário Augusto G. Jardim, por terem superado o desafio de implantar o curso de doutorado da Rede BIONORTE no estado. Aos curadores dos herbários estudados, especialmente aos que disponibilizaram empréstimo de material. Aos secretários da Coordenação de Botânica e da Pós-Graduação em Botânica Tropical do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. A toda equipe do herbário MG, em especial, aos técnicos Ione Bemerguy, Luis Carlos B. Lobato, Mário Rosa, Osvaldo Nascimento, D. Lúcia, Wanda, Marinaldo, Seu Doca, Carlos Alberto (Beleza), Julio Melo; e também a toda equipe do herbário IAN (Embrapa Amazônia Oriental), ao João, Sr. Nilo, Miguel, Jair Freitas, e aos analistas Helena Joseane Souza e Sebastião Xavier Júnior, agradeço a todos pela receptividade, paciência e eficiência. À Dra. Isabel da Mota Pontes, BIONORTE-Manaus, por toda atenção. Ao pessoal da Gerência de Recursos Naturais do IBGE, Unidade Belém, especialmente à Dra Joana Ferreira, Dr. Mário Ivan Lima e aos estagiários Diene Souza e Alexandre Guimarães pela excelente receptividade e eficiência. Ao Oberdan Oliveira, secretário do Curso de doutorado em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, Polo Pará /UFPA/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Aos membros da banca examinadora por terem aceitado o convite e pelas importantes contribuições ao trabalho. Aos membros da banca do exame de qualificação, Dr. Ricardo Secco, Dr. João Ubiratan Moreira dos Santos e Dr. Alessandro Rosário, pelas valiosas contribuições ao trabalho. À Dra. Célia Regina Araújo Soares, curadora do Herbário da Amazônia Meridional- HERBAM, pelo apoio e incentivo que recebi durante minha estada em Alta Floresta-MT. Ao Dr. André Olmos Simões pela disponibilização de bibliografias. Aos colegas do curso de doutorado, especialmente ao Julio Sousa, à Laíce Lima e ao Antonio Pinheiro. Aos colegas Sebastião Maciel, João Silveira, Natália Abreu, Mônica Falcão, Camilo Veríssimo e Suzana Marques, do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ao Carlos Alvarez, do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, pelas ilustrações da maioria das espécies. SUMÁRIO RESUMO ......................................................................................................................... 18 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... 19 INTRODUÇÃO ................................................................................................................ 20 REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA ........................................................................................ 23 A família Leguminosae (Caesalpinioideae: Detarieae) ....................................................... 23 Histórico de Macrolobium Schreb. ..................................................................................... 27 Usos de Macrolobium ........................................................................................................ 31 REFERÊNCIAS ............................................................................................................... 32 CAPÍTULO 1: Macrolobium Schreb. (Leguminosae) no Brasil ..................................... 40 Resumo ............................................................................................................................. 41 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 42 1. Introdução .................................................................................................................... 43 2. Material e Métodos ...................................................................................................... 45 3. Resultados e Discussão ................................................................................................. 47 3.1. Morfologia .................................................................................................................. 47 3.2. Tratamento taxonômico ............................................................................................... 54 Chave para os táxons de Macrolobium ocorrentes no Brasil ............................................... 55 Descrição dos táxons .......................................................................................................... 60 1. Macrolobium acaciifolium (Benth.) Benth...................................................................... 60 2. Macrolobium angustifolium (Benth.) R.S. Cowan .......................................................... 66 3. Macrolobium arenarium Ducke ..................................................................................... 70 4. Macrolobium bifolium (Aubl.) Pers. ............................................................................... 74 5. Macrolobium brevense Ducke ........................................................................................ 78 6. Macrolobium campestre Huber ...................................................................................... 81 7. Macrolobium canaliculatum Spruce ex Benth ................................................................ 87 7.1. Macrolobium canaliculatum Spruce ex Benth. var. canaliculatum ........................... 87 8. Macrolobium cidii Barneby ............................................................................................ 90 9. Macrolobium conjunctum R.S. Cowan ..........................................................................
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