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Iaea Board Meets in March Director General Elbaradei

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Iaea Board Meets in March Director General Elbaradei INIS-XA-157 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1998, VOLUME 13, NUMBER 1 (78) XA9949974 DIRECTOR GENERAL ELBARADEI INITIATES REVIEWS IAEA BOARD MEETS IN MARCH IAEA Director General Mohamed the meeting is being consolidat- The 35-member IAEA Board ElBaradei - who assumed office ed in an action plan for enhanc- of Governors— under the 1 December 1997 - has initiated ing the Secretariat's ability to chairmanship of Japan's reviews of the Agency's organi- meet the needs of its Member Ambassador Yuji I keda — zation and activities. States.The plan covers improved meets for the first time in Among the steps was an IAEA organizational procedures; bet- 1998 at sessions beginning Senior Management Conference ter internal communications and Dr. Mohamed ElBaradei 16 March in Vienna. held in late January to develop information support systems; IAEA Director General Included on the Board's internal recommendations for streamlined administrative provisional agenda are improvements in a number of processes; and staff manage- items related to nuclear, functional areas of the ment issues. An evening session radiation, and waste safety, Secretariat. Chaired by Dr. was devoted to strengthening the implementation of ElBaradei and attended by public information efforts. safeguards, and funding of Deputy Directors General, The meeting was designed to the technical cooperation Division Directors, and Special help lay the internal groundwork programme. Assistants to the Director for a major review of Agency pro- At the opening session, General, the meeting provided grammes and activities to be con- IAEA Director General an opportunity to review pro- ducted by a Senior Expert Group Mohamed ElBaradei is gramme development and coor- of representatives from the IAEA's scheduled to brief the Board dination; the delivery of Agency Member States being convened on the work of the Agency. programmes; management by Dr. ElBaradei. The first meeting Also being submitted for the structures and systems; and staff of the Group is expected to take Board's information is a management. The outcome of place in late March. status report on the IAEA's implementation of nuclear NUCLEAR ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE safeguards in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea A recent booklet from the IAEA sustainable energy future less (DPRK);and a report on the examines the role of nuclear dependent on fossil sources. IAEA Technical Team's visit to energy as an option for the Nuclear power, with its low envi- Iraq in December 1997 in world's sustainable energy ronmental impact and huge ura- regard to nuclear inspections future. The booklet - Sustainable nium reserves for fuel, can that the Agency is carrying Development and Nuclear Power contribute substantially to meet- out under mandate of the - was initially distributed at the ing the sustainable energy chal- United Nations Security Conference of Parties to the lenge. Nuclear power ...already Council. (See related item, United Nations Framework on supplies 17% of the world's elec- page 3.) Climate Change, which was held tricity and avoids the emission of Other documents before in Kyoto, Japan, in December more than 600 million tonnes of the IAEA Board include 1997. IAEA representatives at the carbon (or 2300 million tonnes of background reports relative Conference also issued a state- carbon dioxide annually). to aspects of technical ment that underscored the role It is an open question whether cooperation funding; the of nuclear energy. Excerpts follow: nuclear power can do more than IAEA's Nuclear Safety Review "With projections of sharply ris- maintain its present annual for 1998; and an overview of ing energy use and continuing avoidance of 8% of global car- Agency actions related to the global dependence on fossil bon dioxide emissions by 2010. nuclear desalination of sources, environmental pollution But the fact remains it is the only seawater and the associated and greenhouse gas (GHG) emis- readily and commercially avail- development of small- and sions could cause severe dam- able "no carbon" electricity gen- medium-sized reactors. age. The global challenge is to develop strategies that foster a continued on page 2 30- 19 Nuclear Energy and Climate Change (continued from page 1) STATES HONOUR DR.HANSBL1X eration option other than high-level wastes are being stored hydro power... It cannot, there- above or below ground,awaiting fore, be ignored. Meeting an policy decisions on their long- emission target for the year 2010 term disposal. Once nuclear must clearly be part of a contin- wastes are placed in a long-term uing process. In this context, an repository, nuclear will offer ben- accelerated introduction of efits from the relatively small vol- nuclear power, where feasible, umes of such wastes compared could allow significant GHG- to those of coal, which are dis- Before his retirement from emission reductions for the years persed in the atmosphere or on the IAEA in December 1997, and decades after 2020. the earth's surface. Dr. Hans Blix received a While nuclear power is wit- There is public concern that number of high honours in nessing a rapid expansion in Asia the use of nuclear power might recognition of his leadership for economic, energy indepen- foster the further spread of over the last sixteen years as dence, and environmental rea- nuclear weapons or the acquisi- the Agency's Director General sons, its expansion has been tion of weapon-usable material and of his contribution to hampered...in other parts of the by sub-national groups. international cooperation world. Operating safety,final dis- However, it is worth recalling that throughout his career. The posal of high-level radioactive nuclear weapons development distinctions included: waste and possible weapons consistently preceded, and did • by the IAEA General proliferation of fissile materials not follow from, the introduction Conference, the title of are often seen as 'unresolved of nuclear power reactors. Director General Emeritus of issues'. These issues, regardless Moreover, in order to ensure that the IAEA; of whether they are perceived or nuclear energy is used exclu- • by the Government of real, need to be addressed. sively for peaceful purposes, Austria, the Grand Decoration New reactors are equipped more than 180 States have of Honour in Gold with Sash; with a pre-stressed concrete con- accepted to subject their nuclear • by the Government of tainment that would prevent the activities to IAEA safeguards. In Hungary, the Middle Cross of release of fission products even the aftermath of the Gulf War, the the Order of Merit of the in the highly unlikely event of a IAEA safeguards system has been Republic; severe accident. The industry is strengthened with a view to cov- • by the Government of continuously striving to develop ering both declared and unde- Japan, the Grand Cordon of advanced reactor designs that clared activities.The production the Order of the Sacred make safety less dependent on of viable weapons from spent Treasure; technology components and fuel would require large-scale, • by the Principality of human performance, but rather technology-intensive efforts as Monaco, the rank of Officer of based on natural laws of physics. well as the weaponization capa- the Order of St. Charles; and In addition, during the 1990s, a bility which, while within the • by the Uranium Institute, global safety culture has evolved potential reach of a handful of the international association around binding international governments, are virtually in London, the Institute's Gold agreements, codes of practice, impossible for terrorists. Medal. agreed standards, international In conclusion...GHG mitigation Accepting the honours, Dr. peer reviews, and advisory ser- by way of nuclear power may be Blix said it had been a vices. Meanwhile, the safety of achievable, at zero or minimum privilege to serve the older generation reactors is cost, a finding also reported in international community over being steadily upgraded. the Intergovernmental Panel on the years both on behalf of The final disposal of high-lev- Climate Change (IPCC) Second his own country, Sweden,and el radioactive waste is technical- Assessment Report. To that at the helm of the IAEA. He ly feasible but still needs to be extent, nuclear power represents also expressed his gratitude demonstrated convincingly to an ideal "least-regret" cost strat- for the support he had the public. That this has not egy to help combat climate received throughout his been done is largely attributable change." tenure from IAEA Member to public skepticism or opposition —The full text is on the IAEA's States and the staff of the and lack of the necessary political WorldAtom Internet services at Secretariat. support. Therefore, presently, h ttp://www. iaea.org January/February 1998, Vol. 13, No. 1 (78) RADIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON BIKINI ATOLL REASSESSED An International Advisory Group the Marshall Islands before the taken, the Group recommended convened by the IAEA at the start of US nuclear testing at monitoring of foodstuffs to request of the Marshall Islands Bikini Atoll in the mid-1940s. The ensure the strategy's effective- Government has assessed ques- measurement and assessment ness. In reaching their conclu- tions raised by residents who studies done over the past sions, the experts studied data had been evacuated from the decades had not convinced the from a number of independent former nuclear test site at Bikini former Bikini residents that they radiological assessments that Atoll. The Advisory Group, which could safety
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