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26 Евразийский Союз Ученых (Есу) #3(84), 2021 Например: «Но 26 Евразийский Союз Ученых (ЕСУ) #3(84), 2021 Например: «Но слова «гендер» нет в русском количества трактовок так сложно воспринимать языке» («Комсомольская правда», 08.02.2012) и др. «гендер» как отдельную самостоятельную единицу. Таким образом, термин «гендер» в Современные газетные тексты «пестрят» современных текстах СМИ затрагивает в основном лексемой «гендер», тем самым привлекая еще пейоративные тактики и стратегии («включение в больше читателей. Исследование коммуникативно- круг чужих», дистанцирования), оппозиции функционального статуса, прагматического «хорошо/плохо», «свои/чужие», которые могут потенциала данной единицы языка может реализовываться разными приёмами: включением в способствовать раскрытию специфики данного препозицию или постпозицию к лексеме (гендер) явления, сформировать «языковое чутьё». дистанцирующих оборотов, размещение данного термина в пейоративных конструкциях и др. Список использованной литературы: Как показал материал исследования, 1.Кирилина А.В. О применении понятия преобладает стратегия дистанцирования, не «гендер» в русскоязычном лингвистическом принятия термина «гендер» или принятие его как описании // Филологические науки.2000. № 3. С. 18. инородного. Связано это все в большинстве своем 2.Крысин Л.П. Иллюстрированный толковый с мировоззрением, менталитетом, культурой и словарь иностранных слов / Л. П. Крысин. - М..: духом народа. В картине мира русского человека Эксмо, 2008. 864 с. нет определенного места для столь широкого 3.Шагалова Е.Н. Словарь новейших понятия, именно поэтому зачастую его сужают иностранных слов. – М.: АСТ-ПРЕСС ШКОЛА, просто до всем хорошо известного пола или 2019.-576 с. предпочитают считать его «чужим» и не принимать 4.Шишлова Е.Э. Гендер как инновационный во внимание. Именно из-за наличия большого научный и философский дискурс // Вестник МГИМО-Университета. 2013. № 1. С. 148. SALMAN MUMTAZ’S LITERATURE-STUDY ACTIVITY DOI: 10.31618/ESU.2413-9335.2021.5.84.1300 PhD. Gadim Igid oglu Rufullayev Associate professor Lankaran State University ANNOTATION The article is devoted to Salman Mumtaz, who played an exceptional role in the development of Azerbaijani literature. It is emphasized here that Salman Mumtaz spent his childhood in Ashgabat, but he lived the next part of his life in the native country Azerbaijan. Knowing a number of Eastern, including Turkish and Russian languages perfectly Salman had shown interest in the reading of world literature. This enthusiasm pushed him to research-study gradually. Although his first published research work was related to Persian literature, he later showed interest in the study of Azerbaijani literature. Key words: literary critic, satiric poetry, folklore collector, archive, repression Thus, Salman Mumtaz begins to study Azerbaijani Of course, this field of science has taken its foundation literature in two directions: written and oral literature. from the thoughts and approaches related to the He collected many stages of the written literature and previous art and craftsmanship unsystematically. literary samples of that period and giving the certain However, these sources were not enough in the explanations published them in newspapers and formation of literary-studies. Finally, at the end of the magazines. He was the first in this field. Salman 19th century Mirza Fatali Akhundzade, Firudin bey Mumtaz introduced dozens of literary personalities and Kocharli, Yusif Vezir Chamanzaminli, Ahmad bey their literary heritage to science for the first time. He Agayev and others worked tirelessly in this field. introduced those authors to the scientific community in One of the founders of Azerbaijani literary-study twenty books. The materials and manuscripts he science, as well as folklore-study, was Salman Mumtaz obtained were preserved in the largest library created (Asgarov). He dedicated a great part of his life to the by him of his time in the near regions. study of the history of literature, the literary Salman Mumtaz was also a folklorist, closely personalities, the collecting and publication of literary involved in the collection and publication of samples of events unknown to science. However, the literary many genres of folk literature. His two-volume book materials obtained by him were not ready, but consisted “El shairleri” (“Folk poets”) about the as hug art was of the examples collected from the personal addresses, published. memories, semi-professional and unprofessional Salman Mumtaz, a victim of Stalin’s repression manuscripts at the expense of great effort and known to during the 1930s of the last century, was also a poet. science for the first time. Remained forever in the After his arrest his library along with rare examples was memory of the people as a literary scientist, publisher, destroyed. poet Salman Mumtaz was born in 1883, but in other The formation and development of Azerbaijani sources in 1884 (2, p.109-119) in Shaki in a merchant literature-study as an independent science dates back to family. In 1887 after the untimely death of his father the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. Mammadamin Asgarov he moved with his family to Евразийский Союз Ученых (ЕСУ) # 3(84), 2021 27 Turkmenistan to his uncle’s place. While his father was successful in that area. He studied almost all genres of still alive, he had gone to Mashhad city and on his way folk literature and achieved its publication. In general, home he had bought land in Ashgabat and built a his books, which he published more than twenty, caravanserai there. Salman Mumtaz’s family moved to contained research materials on both branches of Ashgabat to own their property. Salman got his first literature. However, Salman Mumtaz, who was close to education in Ashgabat. As he had perfect memory, he his nation and literature, was in danger. Dozens of could learn some foreign languages such as Arabic, intellectuals such as Huseyn Javid, Ahmad Javad, Persian, Urdu very well. Salman had a great interest in Mikayil Mushfig, Amin Abid, Sultan Majid Ganizade, reading and had the opportunity to read the works of Teymur bay Bayramalibeyov were called counter- Eastern thinkers. As a result, a great interest in literature revolutionary, arrested and killed for publishing folk awoke in him. The visit of the great satirist poet of literature and heroic epics. Salman Mumtaz, like our Azerbaijan Mirza Alakbar Sabir to Ashgabat in 1894 intellectuals, was arrested with a nationalist, counter- and after a while and his meeting with Salman Mumtaz revolutionary stamp, his manuscripts and numerous created good impressions on him. After that, Salman, research works were destroyed. He was arrested on who was interested in native-language poetry, April 4, 1937 and died in prison on December 21, 1941. gradually began to write works in the style of Sabir. After the death of Stalin, who was at the head of the M.A.Sabir was known as an educator and satirist not thirty years’ repression, on November 16, 1956 by the only in Azerbaijan, but also in a number of countries. decision of the Supreme Court the charges relating to In his works backwardness, prejudice and exploitation Salman Mumtaz were annulled and he was fully were criticized in details, but education and democracy exonerated. Only then, in March 1957, his family were propagated. received information about the fate and death of The news coming from Azerbaijan always made Salman Mumtaz. him happy. The arrival of Jalil Mammadguluzade in Prominent literary scholar Salman Mumtaz gave Ashgabat and the meeting with Salman Mumtaz made valuable information and knowledge to the Azerbaijani a new contribution to his creative activity. Co-operation science, culture and readers. He even paid special with the journal “Molla Nasreddin”, which started its attention to the literature examples of the world. It is no publication in Baku under the leadership of Jalil coincidence that his first research works were about the Mammadguluzade, brought not only search, but also a world literature. Knowledge of Arabic, Persian, new chance to the publication opportunities of the Turkish and Russian gave him the opportunity to read future scientist. Salman Mumtaz made his best in order literature of a number of Eastern and European to spread the journal “Molla Nasreddin”, which became countries. As a result, he presented the world-famous a translator of national awakening in people, among writers he read, including Abu-Nasr Farabi, Abu Ali Azerbaijanis living in Central Asia and Russia. He Ibn Sina, Jalaladdin Rumi, Amir Khosrov Dahlavi, worked hard to propagandize the new Azerbaijan Abdurrahman Jami, Ilya Chavchavadze, Rabindranat theatre in Ashgabat. The interference of Ashgabat Tagoru to the Azerbaijani readers and created police disturbed his plans to stage the performance important sources for future literary critics with the “The dead” by Jalil Mammadguluzade. information he wrote about. Even during different years Apparently, a new ideology, imported by an in the newspapers and journals such as “Communist”, educated intellectual in Central Asia who was from “Yeni yol” (“New way”) and “Ingilab ve medeniyyet” Baku, the cradle of democratic ideas in the East, began (“Revolution and culture”) Salman Mumtaz gave the to disturb the Ashgabat police. That attitude, as well as extensive information in a series of articles about some the endless love for writing and literary activity poets and writers (Alishir Navayi, Firdovsi, Turkish inspired him to return to his native land. poet Amrah), shared his considerations about them. “It Salman
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