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Popularisert Bidrag Ascomycetes New to Norway Found at Workshop in Hordaland, 13 -16 May 2019

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Popularisert Bidrag Ascomycetes New to Norway Found at Workshop in Hordaland, 13 -16 May 2019 Popularisert bidrag Ascomycetes new to Norway found at workshop in Hordaland, 13 -16 May 2019 Björn Nordén, Roger Andersson, Mathias ABSTRACT Andreasen, André Aptroot, Putarak Chomnunti, During a workshop in Hordaland with invited Gernot Friebes, Walter Jaklitsch, Edvin international experts, we found 13 ascomycete Johannesen, John Bjarne Jordal, Hermann species new to Norway. These are presented Voglmayr. with photos and notes on their micromorpho- logy, ecology and occurrence in Skandinavia. SAMMENDRAG In addition, the rarely collected species Mela- På en workshop i Hordaland med inviterte spileella proximella and “Dothiorina tulasnei” internasjonale eksperter fant vi 13 ascomycet- (the asexual morph of Chlorociboria aeru- arter som var nye for Norge. Disse artene er ginascens) are reported. presentert med bilde og notater vedrørende mikromorfologi, økologi og utbredelse i INTRODUCTION Skandinavia. I tillegg rapporteres funn av Ascomycota is the most abundant and diverse den sjeldne artene Melaspileella proximella fungal phylum, but its members are still og av «Dothiorina tulasnei» (den asexuelle poorly known in most countries. There are morph av Chlorociboria aeruginascens). new country records of ascomycetes, and even new species to science, waiting to be Figure 1. The participants in the workshop in front of Ørredalsfossen in Kvam, Hordaland. From the left: André Aptroot, Putarak Chomnunti, Björn Nordén, Walter Jaklitsch, Hermann Voglmayr, Gernot Friebes, Edvin Johannesen, John Bjarne Jordal, Roger Andersson, Mathias Andreasen. Foto: BN. AGARICA vol. 39 53 discovered in almost any forest. The problem AA: Andre Aptroot, PC: Putarak Chomnunti, is ‘just’ to find them and to identify them, GF: Gernot Friebes, WJ: Walter Jaklitsch, something that requires long training and EJ: Edvin Johannesen, HV: Hermann Vogl- experience. Working with the few experts mayr. The nomenclature follows Eriksson available is the best way to get forward in (2014) for species occurring in Sweden, and learning new taxa. As part of a biodiversity otherwise MycoBank (mycobank.org) if not mapping project financed by the Norwegian otherwise stated and should be treated as Biodiversity Information Centre, the first preliminary in several cases. author invited leading experts to a workshop in Norheimsund, Hordaland 13 May-16 May RESULTS 2019 (Figure 1). The results in terms of new Cucurbitaria pulveracea P. Karst. (Pleospor- country records identified by morphological ales, Dothideomycetes) methods are presented below. This species, originally described from Finland, is new to Norway and is not known MATERIALS AND METHODS from Sweden or Denmark. It grows on dead The presented species were encountered in corticated branches of Prunus padus and is temperate deciduous forests on short excur- characterized by reddish, thyridaria-like stro- sions from Norheimsund, Hordaland. The mata, differing from the latter by muriform area is situated on the northern side of the ascospores, which agree with type material - Hardanger fjord and has a temperate oceanic in contrast to the protologue, which only climate. The bedrock in the area ranges from stated 3-5-septate ascospores. acidic gneiss and granite to ultrabasic rock Material: Hordaland, Kvam, Barlindflaten, types, with according differentiation in UTM32 356860/6702450, on Prunus padus deciduous forest types from poor oak forest to bark in mixed low-herb forest with Taxus herb-rich elm forest. All collection sites were baccata, 14 May 2019, leg. HV, det. WJ. situated below 150 m a.s.l. Each forenoon was spent in the field where we surveyed twigs and Dothidotthia ramulicola (Peck) M.E. Barr branches and bark on living and dead trees, and (Botryosphaeriales, Dothideomycetes) the rest of the day was spent in the lab. We This species occurs on branches of various used the middle of each site as coordinates trees and has not been recorded from Sweden for all collections from that site. or Denmark. It has two-celled ascospores The species were determined by studying approximately 26 × 13 µm that slowly become the morphology of the sexual morph (teleo- dark brown, often develop secondary trans- morph) or/and asexual morph (anamorph) verse and longitudinal septa (Barr 1989) and under the microscope. Species distributions in germinate from several cells. Material: Horda- Scandinavia were checked using the follow- land, Kvam, Barlindflaten, UTM32 356860/ ing sourcees: for Norway Artskart (2019), The 6702450, on Prunus padus bark in mixed Norwegian Mycological Database (NMD low-herb forest with Taxus baccata, 14 May 2019), and Aarnæs (2002); for Sweden Eriks- 2019, leg. & det. HV, WJ. son (2014), Santesson et al. (2019) and Art- portalen (2019), and for Denmark Atlas of Dothiorina tulasnei (Sacc.) Höhn., the asexual Danish Fungi (2019). morph of Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Helo- Collectors, identifiers and photographers tiales, Leotiomycetes), Fig. 2 are designated by: BN: Björn Nordén, RA: This is not a new species to Norway but Roger Andersson, MA: Mathias Andreasen, the asexual morph of the well-known disco- 54 AGARICA vol. 39 Figure 2. Dothiorina tulasnei conidiomata on stained wood of Alnus glutinosa. Photo: MA. Figure 3. Dothivalsaria megalospora ascomata are formed under thick stromatic tissues on branch of mycete Chlorociboria aeruginascens. It de- Alnus incana; the conspicuous inversely stellate serves to be mentioned since it is rarely col- crests are characteristic for the species. Photo: lected and we are not aware of previous finds MA. in Scandinavia. The genetic connection be- typically forms inversely stellate crests around tween an asexual and sexual morph was demon- the inconspicuous ostiolar openings. The strated by Tudor et al. (2014). Although the ascospores are dark brown, ellipsoid, 2(-3) genus Dothiorina is older than Chlorociboria, septate, 28-45 × 15-20 µm, with densely the latter has been protected, and Chloro- granular contents. Its systematic affiliation is ciboria aeruginascens remains the valid yet unclear; while Müller & von Arx (1962) name to be used for the species (see considered it to be closely related to Massario- https://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php, valsa sudans (Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes), Appendices I-VII). The asexual morph shares Barr (1987, 1990) placed it in Massariaceae the blue-green wood stain of the teleomorph, (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Material: which makes it relatively easy to identify in Hordaland, Kvam, Barlindflaten, UTM32 the field. The conidia measure 3-7 × 2-3 mm. 356860/6702450, on Alnus incana in mixed Material: Hordaland, Kvam, Berge, UTM32 low-herb forest with Taxus baccata, 14 May 343420/6689460, on Alnus glutinosa wood in 2019, leg. BN, WJ, det. WJ, HV; Hordaland, mixed blueberry forest, 15 May 2019, leg. Kvam, Berge, UTM32 343420/ 6689460, on PC, det. GF. Alnus incana close to a small rivulet, 15 May 2019, leg. & det. WJ. Dothivalsaria megalospora (Auersw.) Petr. syn. Massariovalsa megalospora. (Dothideo- Julella macrospora Döbbeler (Ostropales, mycetes incertae sedis), Fig. 3 Lecanoromycetes), Fig. 4 Further probable synonyms are Cryptoval- This species grows on various bryophytes saria americana and Cryptovalsaria rossica, and is not lichenized. It is new to Scandinavia described from other species of Alnus. and is characterized by having brown muri- This species is new to Norway and has not form ascospores and by lacking a hamathecium. been found in Sweden or Denmark. In Europe This means that it is not a Julella in the sense it is so far only known from bark of living it is now known, but without sequence data it trunks of Alnus incana and has perithecia cannot be easily determined what genus it is covered by thick stromatic tissue which related to. Material: Hordaland, Kvam, Ørre- AGARICA vol. 39 55 Figure 4. Julella macrospora growing on Junger- mannia. A-B. perithecia. C-F. Muriform asco- Figure 5. Melaspileella proximella on Juniperus spores. Photo: MA. branch. Photo: MA. dalsfossen, UTM32 344400/6699290, on Mycoporum sparsellum Nyl. (Pleosporales, Jungermannia sp. on soil in river gorge with Dothideomycetes) deciduous forest (“lågurtskog”), weak low This non-lichenized species is new to herb forest, 14 May 2019, leg. & det AA. Scandinavia and has irregularly shaped asco- mata with several locules and two-celled Lentomitella investita (Schwein.) Réblová clavate, 16-19 × 6-7 μm large ascospores. It (Xenospadicoidales, Sordariomycetes) typically grows on bark of Corylus avellana L. investita is new to Scandinavia and macro- and can be confused with Tomasellia gelati- scopically looks like the more well-known L. nosa, which however has slender fusiform cirrhosa with long black perithecial necks ascospores. Material: Hordaland, Kvam, protruding from single perithecia sunken in Barlindflaten, UTM32 356860/6702450, on wood. However, L. investita has longer and Corylus avellana in weak low-herb forest wider ascospores and longer asci (Réblová et with Taxus baccata, 14 May May 2019, leg. al. 2018). Material: Hordaland, Granvin, & det. AA. Uraneset, UTM32 362780/6704090, on Tilia (?) in Ulmus/Tilia low-herb forest, 14 May Nigrograna mycophila Jaklitsch, Friebes & 2019, leg. & det. EJ, conf. WJ. Voglmayr (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) This species forms 200-350 μm wide glo- Melaspileella proximella (Nylander) Ertz & bose ascomata close to or on old ascomata of Diederich (Eremithallales, Dothideomycetes), Diaporthales, and has fusoid to narrowly ellip- Fig. 5 soid two-celled ascospores measuring ca M. proximella is not new to Norway but
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