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Informal Employment in Ukraine and European Union Transition Countries Oksana Nezhyvenko

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Informal Employment in Ukraine and European Union Transition Countries Oksana Nezhyvenko Informal employment in Ukraine and European Union transition countries Oksana Nezhyvenko To cite this version: Oksana Nezhyvenko. Informal employment in Ukraine and European Union transition countries. Economics and Finance. Université Paris-Est; Natsional’nyi universytet ”Kyyevo-Mohylians’ka akademiya” (Kiev), 2018. English. NNT : 2018PESC0047. tel-02096333 HAL Id: tel-02096333 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02096333 Submitted on 11 Apr 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. UNIVERSITÉ PARIS-EST CRETEIL ÉCOLE DOCTORALE ORGANISATIONS, MARCHÉS, INSTITUTIONS Laboratoire ÉRUDITE THÈSE DE DOCTORAT Présentée et soutenue publiquement par : Oksana NEZHYVENKO Le 5 juillet 2018 En vue de l’obtention du grade de : DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ PARIS-EST Discipline : Sciences Économiques L’emploi informel en Ukraine et dans les pays en transition de l’Union Européenne Sous la direction de : Philippe ADAIR Membres du jury: Président du jury : Gérard DUCHENE, Professeur Emérite, Université Paris-Est Créteil Rapporteur : Aysit TANZEL, Professor, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey Rapporteur : Horst BREZINSKI, Professor Emeritus, Poznan University of Economics & Business, Poland Directeur : Philippe ADAIR, Maître de Conférences HDR, Université Paris-Est Créteil Examinateur : Svitlana SHUMSKA, Maître de Conférences, National University of Kyiv- Mohyla Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine UNIVERSITY PARIS-EST CRETEIL ORGANISATIONS, MARKETS & INSTITUTIONS DOCTORAL SCHOOL ERUDITE Research Lab PhD Thesis Presented and defended by: Oksana NEZHYVENKO July 5, 2018 For achieving the degree of: PhD scholar of UNIVERSITY PARIS-EST Discipline: Economics Informal Employment in Ukraine and European Union Transition Countries Supervisor: Philippe ADAIR Committee members: Chair: Gérard DUCHENE, Professor Emeritus, Université Paris-Est Créteil Reviewer: Horst BREZINSKI, Professor Emeritus, Poznan University of Economics & Business, Poland Reviewer: Aysit TANZEL, Professor, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey Supervisor: Philippe ADAIR, Associate Professor, Université Paris-Est Créteil Examiner : Svitlana SHUMSKA, Associate Professor, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine L’Université Paris-Est n’entend donner aucune approbation ni improbation aux opinions émises dans cette thèse. Ces opinions doivent être considérées comme propres à leur auteur. Acknowledgements Writing this PhD thesis became a separate chapter of my life. Thanks to this amazing opportunity I travelled, participated in research projects in Ukraine and abroad, met people who inspired me, got provoked by the topic and motivated by the contributions that change economic science and even someone’s life, but first and foremost – I learned. With all its milestones, the enduring learning process I consider as my biggest reward. As positive externalities, I also learned French and mastered to make presentations and convey material to the audience. Finally, this process triggered me to teach and conduct research – this now became my profession and something I want to advance at in my future. The first person to whom I acknowledge my deepest gratitude for this journey, is my supervisor, Philippe ADAIR. His unending belief in me pushed me along the way. I will be forever thankful to him for his generosity, giving me the tools to explore, nurturing my inquisitiveness and never questioning my success. His dignity, values, generosity and grace were and will be exemplary for me. I hope to reach at least half of his level of professionalism and diligence sometime in about twenty years. Svitlana SHUMSKA became my first supervisor in Ukraine. I remember approaching her during my Master studies to ask to write my Master thesis under her guidance, a person who raised my first curiosity for research. I defended my thesis with the highest result and received a diploma with honours. For me at that time who never imagined academic career, this became an unforgettable turning point of my life. I express my sincere gratitude to Svitlana for it, no less important – for her availability and kindness during all the years that followed. My big team at the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy of the teachers who observed my cultivation during my Bachelor, Master and now when I have my students – I owe them for always being there for me and expecting more. My beloved team of the Department of Finance, in particular Iryna LUKIANENKO, Olena BAZYLINSKA, Larysa KRASNIKOVA, Volodymyr SHPORTYUK, Olga KUPETS (KSE) are now among those who invest the most in the Ukrainian economic science with their intelligence, efforts, loyalty and patriotism. This is the deepest honour for me to be part and teach at this university. I am also deeply thankful to the administration of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, in particular Liudmyla KOSTROVA, Tetyana YAROSHENKO and Andriy MELESHEVYCH, for investing in research and funding i the survey on the undeclared work in Ukraine that became part of my thesis and will be a ground for future analysis. A short and rather circumstantial visit to the University Paris-Est Creteil back in 2011, turned into a long-lasting cooperation. When I first joined it, I was impressed by the depth of academic discourse and was attentive to another school of thought and research, as well as teaching methods. This is the takeaway that I will introduce at my home university. I would like to thank Patrick DOMINGUES for his econometric guidance, Boris NAJMAN for his support and involvement in Ukrainian development, Catherine BROS-BOBIN and Jekaterina DMITRIJEVA for feedback and being my discutants at the Journées Annuelles des Doctorants de l’ERUDITE and all the ERUDITE team, especially my dear friends Nesma ALI, Adel ARAB, Ali SOUAG, Igor BAGAYEV and Majda SEGHIR. My recognition of me as a researcher and my thesis as it is would not be possible without several other people, to whom I am very thankful: Colin WILLIAMS (University of Sheffield) – for our profound discussions and motivation for the survey on the undeclared work in Ukraine; Abbi KEDIR (University of Sheffield) – for his guidance on econometrics and enthusiasm for research; Mariya ALEKSYNSKA (independent, former ILO) – for my internship experience at the ILO in Geneva, our friendship and future projects; Rosalia VAZQUEZ-ALVAREZ (ILO Geneva) – for my consultancy for the ILO and me contributing to the Global Wage Report 2018/2019; Philippe MARCADENT (ILO Geneva) – for co-funding the survey on the undeclared work in Ukraine; Antonio SANTOS (ILO Kyiv) and Sofia LYTVYN (ILO Kyiv) – for including my study at the report “Undeclared Work in Ukraine” (2018); Peter HEGEDUS (TARKI) – for providing the EU-SILC data; Mychailo WYNNYCKYJ and Oksana ZABUZOVA – for the development of the PhD school in Ukraine and supporting my first “circumstantial” visit to UPEC; Iryna VASYLENKO (my university teacher of English) and Valentyna MURASHKO (my university teacher of Ukrainian) – for teaching me my two most important languages with love. My PhD studies would not be possible without the funding that I received from the ERASMUS MUNDUS project, the Embassy of FRANCE, the TEMPUS project and the bourse cotutelle et mobilité from the University Paris-Est. Their decision to invest in the PhD education became a life-changing experience for me, which I will pay off with my future achievements. As well, I thank the Kyiv School of Economics – for inviting me to the CERGE-EI Teaching Fellows Program. ii I express appreciation to the members of my defence committee, particularly the Emeritus Professor Horst BREZINSKI and Professor Aysit TANZEL for reviewing this thesis. I also thank Gérard DUCHENE for agreeing to chair my defence committee. Finally, I express my infinite gratitude to my FAMILY, Volodymyr and FRIENDS for their eternal support, understanding, patience, appreciation and love. I am indebted to them for being always behind me and for their being proud of me. I had the best example of hard work and devotion from my Grandparents who brought me up and to whom I wish to devote my PhD thesis. My Grandfather taught me to play chess and to be disciplined in piano classes since I was five, which translated into my discipline in life. My Grandmother was my first and my best teacher of English, which opened the door of opportunities for me and education abroad. This dedication is the least I can do to cherish Their memory and deepest appreciation of who I am now. iii Dedicated to my Grandmother and Grandfather Присвячую моїм Бабусі і Дідусю iv Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. i List of tables .......................................................................................................................... ix List of figures ........................................................................................................................ xi List of acronyms .................................................................................................................
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