661-3300 ˖ Academic Positions 2020
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Evaluating the Impact of the Long-S Upon 18Th-Century Encyclopedia Britannica Automatic Subject Metadata Generation Results Sam Grabus
ARTICLES Evaluating the Impact of the Long-S upon 18th-Century Encyclopedia Britannica Automatic Subject Metadata Generation Results Sam Grabus ABSTRACT This research compares automatic subject metadata generation when the pre-1800s Long-S character is corrected to a standard < s >. The test environment includes entries from the third edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica, and the HIVE automatic subject indexing tool. A comparative study of metadata generated before and after correction of the Long-S demonstrated an average of 26.51 percent potentially relevant terms per entry omitted from results if the Long-S is not corrected. Results confirm that correcting the Long-S increases the availability of terms that can be used for creating quality metadata records. A relationship is also demonstrated between shorter entries and an increase in omitted terms when the Long-S is not corrected. INTRODUCTION The creation of subject metadata for individual documents is long known to support standardized resource discovery and analysis by identifying and connecting resources with similar aboutness.1 In order to address the challenges of scale, automatic or semi-automatic indexing is frequently employed for the generation of subject metadata, particularly for academic articles, where the abstract and title can be used as surrogates in place of indexing the full text. When automatically generating subject metadata for historical humanities full texts that do not have an abstract, anachronistic typographical challenges may arise. One key challenge is that presented by the historical “Long-S” < ſ >. In order to account for these idiosyncrasies, there is a need to understand the impact that they have upon the automatic subject indexing output. -
Whenever There Is a Line Or Tilde Over a Vowel, It Is an Abbreviation for the Letters M Or N. in This Case, the Full Word Is Quadam
Whenever there is a line or tilde over a vowel, it is an abbreviation for the letters m or n. In this case, the full word is quadam. In this instance, the line over the e represents an omission of the letter n, giving the word debent when written in full. Whenever a word in Latin had an instance of the letter i in succession, the second i was always written as a j. This applies to all words wherein ii is present and also to the Roman numeral ii, which was written as ij. Therefore, cambij = cambii, negotijs = negotiis. The e with a cedilla was an abbreviation for the letters ae. This word spelled out is quae. Following the letter q, a period or semicolon was used as an abbreviation for the letters ue. The first example reads denique, the second one is quacunque. In the seventeenth century, the letter u and v were interchangeable and not yet viewed as two distinct letters. While not universal, a general rule is that if u or v began a word, it was written as a v; if a u or v occurred in the middle or end of a word, it was written as a u. In the 17th century, a lowercase s had two forms- one long and one short. As a general rule, when a lowercase s occurred as the first letter of the word or in any other place in the word except as the final letter, it was written with a long s, which resembles the letter f. -
The English Renaissance in Context: Looking at Older Books
The English Renaissance in Context: Looking at Older Books The History of the Book Books from the 16th and 17th centuries are both quite similar to and different from books today. The similarities include such things as use of the Codex format, general page layouts, use of title pages, etc. The codex book has been around for a long time. Its roots go back to the age of Cicero, though it only comes into more general use with the spread of Christianity throughout the later Roman Empire in the 4th and 5th centuries CE. Since then, the codex book has undergone a long and gradual evolution during which time the book, its properties, and characteristics became firmly embedded in Western consciousness. Roughly speaking, the general layout of the page that we use today came into existence in the 13th century, with the rise of the universities and the creation of books for study. It is possible, for example, to look at a page in a medieval manuscript and experience a general orientation to it, even if you cannot actually read the text. The evolution of the book, we emphasize, was slow. Such conventions as pagination, title pages, foot or endnotes, tables of contents, indices, et alia are by and large relatively recent additions. We take these features for granted; but prior to the age of Gutenberg, they are hard to find. University of Pennsylvania Libraries - 1 - Furness Shakespeare Collection The English Renaissance in Context: Looking at Older Books Renaissance books can certainly look very different from books today. They exhibit a variety and diversity that have long since been standardized and homogenized. -
Long Directed (S, T)-Path: FPT Algorithm
Long Directed (s; t)-Path: FPT Algorithm Fedor V. Fomin∗ Daniel Lokshtanovy Fahad Panolanz Saket Saurabhx Meirav Zehavi{ December 13, 2017 Abstract Given a digraph G, two vertices s; t 2 V (G) and a non-negative integer k, the Long Directed (s; t)-Path problem asks whether G has a path of length at least k from s to t. We present a simple algorithm that solves Long Directed (s; t)-Path in time O?(4:884k). This results also in an improvement upon the previous fastest algorithm for Long Directed Cycle. 1 Introduction Given a digraph (directed graph) G, two vertices s; t 2 V (G) and a non-negative integer k, the Long (Directed) (s; t)-Path problem asks whether G has an (s; t)-path (i.e. a path from s to t) of length at least k. Here, the term length refers to the number of vertices on the path, and paths are assumed to be directed simple paths. Observe that Long (s; t)-Path and k-(s; t)-Path are not equivalent problems, where that latter problem asks whether G has an (s; t)-path of length exactly k. Indeed, G may not have any (s; t)-path of length exactly k, or more generally, it may not even have any (s; t)-path of \short" length, but it may have an (s; t)-path of \long" length. For example, the only (s; t)-path of length at least k in G might be a Hamiltonian path. Both Long (s; t)-Path and k-(s; t)-Path are generalizations of the classic k-Path problem, whose objective is to determine whether G has a path of length at least k. -
Connections 2019
FALL 2019 Department of Women & Gender Studies Letter from the Chair s you read through this year’s edition non-white men the right to vote. These relevant courses across the University. Musical, Aof Connections, you’ll learn about the milestones also coincide with a presidential dance, and theater performances will address extraordinary commitments, scholarship, election year, and the power of voting will be the history of suffrage and civil rights and solutions, and creativity that underline much in the news and on our minds. the voices of women and social-justice leaders in America. A community-reader series will everything we do and care about in Women “OUR VOTE” will engage students and the focus on the struggles for empowerment and & Gender Studies — and the enormous community on topics and events that reflect social justice, with special lectures from faculty contributions that our faculty and students upon the history and impact of social justice across a broad range of perspectives from make within and far beyond the University advocacy, the democratic process, and laws of Delaware. Our programs and initiatives multiple disciplines. Student research will continue to reach get students writing, hundreds of members thinking, researching, of the university and creating projects community, as we offer that deepen their a robust schedule of understanding of student-focused events democracy and the right and conversations that to vote. address the power We encourage alumnae dynamics that fuel and alumni to become gender-based violence which both advance and restrict the rights involved in “OUR VOTE” initiatives, so please and oppression, and seek solutions to ethnic, of citizenship and political access. -
New Horizons in Science
Council for the Advancement CASWof Science Writing Fifty-Sixth Annual Briefing New Horizons in Science HOSTED BY The George Washington University PART OF www.casw.org/new-horizons THANK YOU! CASW THANKS OUR HOSTS AND SPONSORS CONFERENCE HOST gwu.edu DIAMOND SPONSOR amgen.com PLATINUM SPONSOR GW Office of the Vice President for Research GOLD SPONSORS GW Milken Institute School of Public Health GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences SEE INSIDE BACK COVER FOR MORE SPONSORS #SCIWRI18 Hosted event, trip or tour NASW workshop registrants only R Limited seating; advance registration required FRIDAY, OCTOBER 12 1 – 5 pm Getting Real: Science Writing in AR and VR SciWriUnited: A regional SciWri groups congress R Marvin Center, Room 307 3 – 5 pm Interactive workshop: How to submit a successful pitch R Marvin Center, Room 405 3:30 – 4:15 pm Butterfly CRISPR workshop; Tour of the Harlan 4:30 – 5:15 pm Greenhouse R Science and Engineering Hall 5:30 – 7:30 pm Welcome Reception Science and Engineering Hall SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13 7:30 - 8:15 am National Association of Science Writers business meeting Marvin Center, Grand Ballroom 8:30 am - NASW workshops 6:30 pm Marvin Center, Lisner Auditorium, and Jack Morton Auditorium 7 – 10 pm ScienceWriters annual awards night R Washington Marriott Georgetown 1 New Horizons in Science AT THE GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 12 7:45 am Exhibit Hall opens Marvin Center Grand Ballroom and Continental Ballroom 7:45 – 8:45 am Continental breakfast Exhibit Hall 8:45 am Welcome Lisner Auditorium Robert Miller vice president for research, George Washington University Humans have big brains. -
Fonts for Latin Paleography
FONTS FOR LATIN PALEOGRAPHY Capitalis elegans, capitalis rustica, uncialis, semiuncialis, antiqua cursiva romana, merovingia, insularis majuscula, insularis minuscula, visigothica, beneventana, carolina minuscula, gothica rotunda, gothica textura prescissa, gothica textura quadrata, gothica cursiva, gothica bastarda, humanistica. User's manual 5th edition 2 January 2017 Juan-José Marcos [email protected] Professor of Classics. Plasencia. (Cáceres). Spain. Designer of fonts for ancient scripts and linguistics ALPHABETUM Unicode font http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/jmag0042/alphabet.html PALEOGRAPHIC fonts http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/jmag0042/palefont.html TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER Page Table of contents 2 Introduction 3 Epigraphy and Paleography 3 The Roman majuscule book-hand 4 Square Capitals ( capitalis elegans ) 5 Rustic Capitals ( capitalis rustica ) 8 Uncial script ( uncialis ) 10 Old Roman cursive ( antiqua cursiva romana ) 13 New Roman cursive ( nova cursiva romana ) 16 Half-uncial or Semi-uncial (semiuncialis ) 19 Post-Roman scripts or national hands 22 Germanic script ( scriptura germanica ) 23 Merovingian minuscule ( merovingia , luxoviensis minuscula ) 24 Visigothic minuscule ( visigothica ) 27 Lombardic and Beneventan scripts ( beneventana ) 30 Insular scripts 33 Insular Half-uncial or Insular majuscule ( insularis majuscula ) 33 Insular minuscule or pointed hand ( insularis minuscula ) 38 Caroline minuscule ( carolingia minuscula ) 45 Gothic script ( gothica prescissa , quadrata , rotunda , cursiva , bastarda ) 51 Humanist writing ( humanistica antiqua ) 77 Epilogue 80 Bibliography and resources in the internet 81 Price of the paleographic set of fonts 82 Paleographic fonts for Latin script 2 Juan-José Marcos: [email protected] INTRODUCTION The following pages will give you short descriptions and visual examples of Latin lettering which can be imitated through my package of "Paleographic fonts", closely based on historical models, and specifically designed to reproduce digitally the main Latin handwritings used from the 3 rd to the 15 th century. -
The Brill Typeface User Guide & Complete List of Characters
The Brill Typeface User Guide & Complete List of Characters Version 2.06, October 31, 2014 Pim Rietbroek Preamble Few typefaces – if any – allow the user to access every Latin character, every IPA character, every diacritic, and to have these combine in a typographically satisfactory manner, in a range of styles (roman, italic, and more); even fewer add full support for Greek, both modern and ancient, with specialised characters that papyrologists and epigraphers need; not to mention coverage of the Slavic languages in the Cyrillic range. The Brill typeface aims to do just that, and to be a tool for all scholars in the humanities; for Brill’s authors and editors; for Brill’s staff and service providers; and finally, for anyone in need of this tool, as long as it is not used for any commercial gain.* There are several fonts in different styles, each of which has the same set of characters as all the others. The Unicode Standard is rigorously adhered to: there is no dependence on the Private Use Area (PUA), as it happens frequently in other fonts with regard to characters carrying rare diacritics or combinations of diacritics. Instead, all alphabetic characters can carry any diacritic or combination of diacritics, even stacked, with automatic correct positioning. This is made possible by the inclusion of all of Unicode’s combining characters and by the application of extensive OpenType Glyph Positioning programming. Credits The Brill fonts are an original design by John Hudson of Tiro Typeworks. Alice Savoie contributed to Brill bold and bold italic. The black-letter (‘Fraktur’) range of characters was made by Karsten Lücke. -
Times and Helvetica Fonts Under Development
ΩTimes and ΩHelvetica Fonts Under Development: Step One Yannis Haralambous, John Plaice To cite this version: Yannis Haralambous, John Plaice. ΩTimes and ΩHelvetica Fonts Under Development: Step One. Tugboat, TeX Users Group, 1996, Proceedings of the 1996 Annual Meeting, 17 (2), pp.126-146. hal- 02101600 HAL Id: hal-02101600 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02101600 Submitted on 25 Apr 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ΩTimes and ΩHelvetica Fonts Under Development: Step One Yannis Haralambous Atelier Fluxus Virus, 187, rue Nationale, F-59800 Lille, France [email protected] John Plaice D´epartement d’informatique, Universit´e Laval, Ste-Foy (Qu´ebec) Canada G1K 7P4 [email protected] TheTruthIsOutThere and publishers request that their texts be typeset —ChrisCARTER, The X-Files (1993) in Times; Helvetica (especially the bold series) is often used as a titling font. Like Computer Modern, Times is a very neutral font that can be used in a Introduction wide range of documents, ranging from poetry to ΩTimes and ΩHelvetica will be public domain technical documentation.. virtual Times- and Helvetica-like fonts based upon It would surely be more fun to prepare a real PostScript fonts, which we call “Glyph Con- Bembo- or Stempel Garamond-like font for the serifs tainers”. -
The Writing Revolution
9781405154062_1_pre.qxd 8/8/08 4:42 PM Page iii The Writing Revolution Cuneiform to the Internet Amalia E. Gnanadesikan A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication 9781405154062_1_pre.qxd 8/8/08 4:42 PM Page iv This edition first published 2009 © 2009 Amalia E. Gnanadesikan Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Registered Office John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom Editorial Offices 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. The right of Amalia E. Gnanadesikan to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. -
When Black + Lesbian + Woman ≠ Black Lesbian Woman: the Methodological Challenges of Qualitative And
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225937429 When Black + Lesbian + Woman ≠ Black Lesbian Woman: The Methodological Challenges of Qualitative and... Article in Sex Roles · September 2008 DOI: 10.1007/s11199-008-9400-z CITATIONS READS 367 3,660 1 author: Lisa Bowleg George Washington University 63 PUBLICATIONS 1,647 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All content following this page was uploaded by Lisa Bowleg on 24 November 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Sex Roles (2008) 59:312–325 DOI 10.1007/s11199-008-9400-z ORIGINAL ARTICLE When Black + Lesbian + Woman ≠ Black Lesbian Woman: The Methodological Challenges of Qualitative and Quantitative Intersectionality Research Lisa Bowleg Published online: 21 March 2008 # Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2008 Abstract The notion that social identities and social Keywords Intersectionality research methods . inequality based on ethnicity, sexual orientation, and sex/ Black lesbians gender are intersectional rather than additive poses a variety of thorny methodological challenges. Using research with Black lesbians (Bowleg, manuscripts in preparation; Introduction Bowleg et al., Journal of Lesbian Studies, 2008; Bowleg et al., Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology Black lesbian poet Audre Lorde’s(1984) description of “... 10:229–240, 2004; Bowleg et al., Journal of Lesbian constantly being encouraged to pluck out some aspect of Studies, 7:87–108, 2003) as a foundation, I examine how myself and present this as the meaningful whole, eclipsing these challenges shape measurement, analysis, and inter- and denying the other parts of the self” (p. 120) highlights pretation. I argue that a key dilemma for intersectionality eloquently the complexity of intersectionality. -
Public Health
Nos. 19-840 & 19-1019 In the Supreme Court of the United States CALIFORNIA, et al., TEXAS, et al., Petitioners, Petitioners, v. v. TEXAS, et al., CALIFORNIA, et al., Respondents. Respondents. On Writs of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit BRIEF OF PUBLIC HEALTH EXPERTS, THE AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION, AND THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSING AS AMICI CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF THE CALIFORNIA PARTIES AND SEVERING THE INDIVIDUAL MANDATE H. GUY COLLIER MICHAEL B. KIMBERLY Counsel of Record MATTHEW A. WARING McDermott Will & Emery LLP 500 North Capitol St. NW Washington, DC 20001 (202) 756-8000 [email protected] Counsel for Amici Curiae i TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Authorities .................................................... ii Interest of the Amici Curiae and Summary of Argument .................................. 1 Argument ..................................................................... 4 I. The ACA has advanced the public health in immeasurable ways ........................................ 4 A. The ACA transformed the individual health insurance market ............................. 4 B. The ACA implemented vital public health reforms ............................................. 8 II. Striking down the ACA now would do lasting damage to the public health ................. 10 A. The ACA is irreversibly entwined with the American healthcare system .............. 10 B. Without the ACA, the government’s ability to respond to COVID-19 and other global pandemics would be hobbled ......................................................