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Letter Sign Specialty Associated Conditions Descriptor Aaron Sign Associated Letter Sign Specialty Descriptor conditions epigastric pain with Aaron sign surgery appendicitis pressure on McBurney's point Graves' levator palpebrae Abadie's sign endocrinology disease superioris spasm Abadie's absence of pain on neurology tabes dorsalis symptom Achilles tendon pressure Abderhalden obstetrics pregnancy serum reaction;obsolete reaction infectious presence of arsenical Abelin reaction syphilis disease anti-syphilitic;obsolete quantitative cells and Addis count nephrology pyelonephritis casts in 24hr. urine dilated pupil, poorly ciliary nerve Adie pupil neurology reactive but with normal damage near accommodation thoracic outlet obliteration of radial Adson's sign vascular surgery syndrome pulse with manoeuvres neurology, Alexander's vestibular describes nystagmus in neurosurgery, law lesions vestibular lesions ENT tests for presence of vascular surgery, arterial supply palmar ulnar-radial Allen's test critical care[1] of the hand anastomosis (palmar arch) Apgar score obstetrics assess health of newborn Apley grind orthopaedic meniscal manoeuvres to elicit test surgery lesions knee pain Argyll neurosyphilis [ Robertson neurology light-near dissociation 2] pupils haematology, folate lobulation of neutrophil Arneth count nutrition deficiency nuclei extension of a blister to Asboe-Hansen dermatology bullae adjacent unblistered skin sign when pressed oestral reaction in mouse Aschheim– normal obstetrics injected with pregnant Zondek test pregnancy urine foci of interstitial rheumatology, rheumatic inflammatiuon in the Aschoff body pathology fever myocardium and elsewhere Ashby haematology, agglutination test for haemolysis technique pathology erythrocyte survival Associated Letter Sign Specialty Descriptor conditions Auberger's normal haematology Aua antigen blood group physiology Auenbrugger's pericardial cardiology bulging epigastrium sign effusion acute myeloid cytoplasmic inclusions Auer rods hematology leukemia in myeloblasts punctate bleeding when Auspitz's sign dermatology psoriasis scales are scraped Austin Flint aortic mid-diastolic rumble cardiology murmur insufficiency heard at apex dorsiflexion of the hallux with fanning of abnormal the remaining phalanges Babinski sign neurology plantar reflex upon soft stimulation of the lateral plantar surface of the foot increase in heart rate Bainbridge normal cardiology with increase in reflex physiology circulating blood volume large chromosome puff RNA Balbiani rings genetics indicating site of RNA transcription transcription percussive dullness left abdominal/spl Ballance's sign general surgery flank, LUQ, percussive enic trauma resonance right flank pain on anterior, but not vascular deep vein Bancroft's sign lateral, compression of medicine thrombosis calf vertigo, nystagmus elicited by Bárány test ENT,neurology vestibular hot or cold irrigation of dysfunction ear canal paediatrics, Barlow's dislocation on adduction orthopaedic hip dysplasia maneuver of hip surgery Loss of all four alpha- globin genes (total alpha-thalassemia) leads indicates a to severely anemic specific cause Bart Obstetrics, stillborn babies with of death in hemoglobin pathology small amounts of an some abnormal hemoglobin stillborns composed of four gamma sub-units (Bart's Hemoglobin) loss of muscle tone and Bastian–Bruns spinal cord neurology reflexes below lesion sign transection level Associated Letter Sign Specialty Descriptor conditions neurosurgery/tra basal skull Battle's sign mastoid ecchymosis umatology fracture dermatology, multiple, transverse ridges on Beau's lines internal including nails medicine trauma hypotension, increased cardiac central venous pressure Beck's triad cardiology tamponade (JVP), distant heart sounds ophthalmology, visible pulsation of Becker's sign thyrotoxicosis endocrinology retinal arteries spinal trauma neurology, caudal movement of Beevor's sign at T10, neurosurgery navel on cervical flexion als,fsmd stroking dorsal radial Bekhterev– pyramidal skin, with forearm in Jacobsohn neurology tract lesions supination, elicits wrist reflex and finger flexion Bekhterev– pyramidal toe flexion on percussion neurology Mendel reflex tract lesions of dorsum of foot Bence Jones multiple hematology protein myeloma Benedict diabetes reagent for presence of endocrinology solution mellitus monosaccharides Berger wave normal electroencephalographic neurology (rhythm) physiology alpha wave effect of Bezold–Jarisch pharmacology, apnea, bradycardia, certain reflex toxicology hypotension alkaloids lesions of Bielschowsky's neurology, test for palsy of superior cranial nerve head tilt test ophthalmology oblique muscle IV extension of the great toe pyramidal Bing's sign neurology on pricking the dorsum tract lesions of the foot with a pin quick shallow Biot's brain stem neurology respirations followed by respiration herniation period of apnea spots of keratin vitamin A Bitot's spots ophthalmology deposition in the deficiency conjunctiva comet shaped visual Bjerrum field defect,extending ophthalmology glaucoma scotoma temporally from the physiological blind spot Blumberg sign surgery peritonitis rebound tenderness Associated Letter Sign Specialty Descriptor conditions dermal hyperaesthesia Boas' point gastroenterology gastric ulcer just left of T12 dermal hyperaesthesia at acute Boas' sign gastroenterology inferior angle of R cholecystitis scapula unit of alkaline clinical Bodansky unit phosphatase chemistry concentration in blood ophthalmology, spasmodic ptosis on Boston's sign thyrotoxicosis endocrinology downward gaze bony outgrowths on Bouchard's rheumatology osteoarthritis dorsa of proximal nodes interphalangeal joints Bracht– infective yellow-white spots in the cardiology Wachter bodies endocarditis myocardium pressing on proximal Branham's sign portion of AV fistula results in bradycardia "false labour". sporadic Braxton Hicks normal contractions beginning obstetrics contraction pregnancy as early as mid 1st trimester dark red wedge shaped nephrology, Brewer infarcts pyelonephritis areas on kidney section pathology resembling infarcts plantar stimulation Brissaud's pyramidal neurology elicits contraction of reflex tract lesions tensor fasciae latae Broadbent L atrial systole palpable in cardiology inverted sign hypertrophy posterior chest wall adhesive recession of L inferior Broadbent sign cardiology pericarditis intercostal spaces developmental or other neurology, Broca aphasia pathology of expressive aphasia neuropsychology various frontal cortical areas superficial vein is percussed proximally; if Brodie– general impulse is felt Trendelenburg medicine, varicose veins over vein percussion test surgery distally, valvular incompetence is present Brodie– general identifies level of valvular B Trendelenburg varicose veins medicine,surgery incompetence test Brudziński neck neck flexion elicits hip and knee B neurology meningitis sign flexion Brudziński cheek pressure beneath zygoma elicits B neurology meningitis sign flexion of forearm Brudziński pressure over symphisis pubis elicits B neurology meningitis symphyseal sign knee, hip flexion and leg abduction passive flexion of knee to abdomen B Brudziński reflex neurology meningitis elicits flexion of contralateral hip and knee paediatric ventricular septal B Bruit de Roger loud pansystolic murmur cardiology defect frontal lobe difficulty moving feet in contact with B Bruns ataxia neurology lesions floor, tendency to fall backwards cerebellopontine angle tumor, nystagmus that coarsens in amplitude B Bruns nystagmus neurology vestibular on lateral gaze schwannoma Downs' syndrome ophthalmology, B Brushfield spots or non- greyish-white spots at periphery of iris genetics pathological blue discolouration of the gingival B Burton line toxicology lead poisoning border lead poisoning, C Cabot rings hematology threadlike strands in erythrocytes anaemias gastroenterology, portal distended veins radiating from C Caput medusae surgery hypertension umbilicus aortic arch dilatation or cardiology, left displacement of trachea elicits C Cardarelli's sign aneurysm, thoracic surgery palpable pulsation of same mediastinal tumour Carey Coombs cardiology,rheum C rheumatic fever mid-diastolic rumble murmur atology supine patient lifts head from bed;↑ primary care, abdominal mass C Carnett's sign pain – abdominal wall ;↓ pain – surgery and/or pain intraperitoneal tricuspid increase in volume of murmur on C Carvallo's sign cardiology regurgitation inspiration pellagra (niacin widely variable collar of dermatitis C Casal collar nutrition deficiency) characteristically in c3,c4 dermatomes infectious intradermal injection of hydatid fluid C Casoni test disease, tropical hydatid disease causing wheal medicine C Celsus signs of various inflammation 1. Rubor (redness) 2. Tumor inflammation (swelling)3. Calor (heat) 4. Dolor (pain) pyramidal lesions, extension of big toe with stimulation C Chaddock reflex neurology corticospinal tract of skin over lateral malleolus lesions C Chadwick sign obstetrics pregnancy cyanosis of vulva, vagina and cervix ascending C Charcot's triad surgery jaundice, fever and chills, RUQ pain cholangitis nystagmus, intention tremor, staccato C Charcot's triad neurology multiple sclerosis speech any disorder characterized by Charcot–Leyden lysophospholipase crystals in various C pathology eosinophil crystals tissues proliferation, e.g. ascariasis Cheyne–Stokes respiratory center fluctuation between apnoea and C palliative care respiration damage tachypnoea Churchill–Cope distension of pulmonary vascular bed C
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