DOCSLIB.ORG

Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India Volume : 22 No. : 1 A Systematic Inventory of Scelioninae and A Systematic Inventory of Scelioninae and Teleasinae (Hymenoptera : Platygastridae) Teleasinae (Hymenoptera : Platygastridae) in the Rice Ecosystems of North-central Keralain the Rice Ecosystems of North-central Kerala RAJMOHANA, K. Zoological Survey of India 2014 Volume 22 (No. 1) MEMOIRS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA A Systematic Inventory of Scelioninae and Teleasinae (Hymenoptera : Platygastridae) in the Rice Ecosystems of North-central Kerala RAJMOHANA, K. Zoological Survey of India Western Ghats Regional Centre Calicut Edited by the Director, Zoological Survey of India Zoological Survey of India Kolkata CITATION Rajmohana, K., 2014. Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India, Volume 22 (No. 1) : (Published by the Director, Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata) Published : April, 2014 ISBN 978–81–8171–362–9 © Govt. of India, 2014 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade, be lent, re-sold hired out or otherwise disposed of without the publisher’s consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published. The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page. Any revised price indicated by a rubber stamp or by a sticker or by any other means is incorrect and should be unacceptable. PRICE India : ó⁄U 850/- Foreign : $ 50; £ 40 Published at the Publication Division by the Director, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata- 700 053 and printed at East India Photo Composing Centre, Kolkata-700 006. MEMOIRS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA No. 22(1) 2014 Page 1-72 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 1 2. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY..................................................................................................................... 2 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS ........................................................................................................................ 2 4. SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................................................... 63 5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................. 64 6. REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................... 64 7. PLATES INTRODUCTION Rice is the staple diet in almost 39 countries, of hymenopteran parasitoids of rice agroecosystem with the Asian countries being the largest is dominated chiefly by members of Chalcidoidea, consumers (Rathi, 2008). India is the second Ichneumonoidea and Platygastroidea. A major largest producer and consumer of rice globally component of the parasitoid community attacking after China. Rice cultivation is thought to be the the egg stages of many pests and predators in the oldest form of intensive agriculture by man rice ecosystem are the members of the superfamily (Fernando, 1977). Irrigated rice fields, being Platygastroidea (Rajmohana, personal observation). agronomically managed wetland ecosystems with Platygastroidea is the third largest of the parasitic a high degree of environmental heterogeneity superfamilies after Ichneumonoidea and operating on a short temporal scale, harbour a rich Chalcidoidea and represents nearly 4460 described and varied fauna (Heckman, 1979). The species species worldwide (Austin et al., 2005). As per diversity and total number of insect pests as well the earlier classifications (Masner, 1993), the as the natural enemies in tropical rice are quite superfamily is comprised of two families, the high (IRRI, 2009). Insect pests of rice have had Platygastridae and Scelionidae. But Sharkey (2007), for long, close associations with their natural based on the results of a phylogenetic analysis by enemies, allowing stable relationships to develop. Murphy et al. (2007) synonymised Scelionidae In natural ecosystems, a dynamic equilibrium exists under Platygastridae. Of the five subfamilies of between parasitoids, predators and their hosts. Platygastridae viz., Telenominae, Teleasinae, Such an equilibrium is not present in Scelioninae (the three subfamilies of former agroecosystems due to the agronomic practices, Scelionidae) Platygastrinae and Sceliotrachelinae, crops and cultivation cycles (Ketipearachchi, 2002). the subfamily Scelioninae is the largest and the In the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) most diverse (Johnson, 1992). The above programs, biological control by natural enemies mentioned first three subfamilies are exclusively plays a major role in controlling pest populations. egg parasitoids (Austin et al., 2005), utilising the The interactions of predators, parasitoids and insect eggs of a wide group of insects and spiders as pathogens are the key elements of modern their hosts. They also include many species of integrated pest management programs in rice. economic importance as parasitoids of agricultural Hence a knowledge on the indigenous species of insect pests (Polaszek and Förster, 1997). As per natural enemies stay very essential their ground plan biology, they are endoparasitoids (Ketipearachchi, 2002) for a successful of the eggs of insects and also spiders and exhibit implementation of the IPM programs. The diversity very high host specificity at tribal level. Particular and richness of the natural enemy complex of rice tribes of the subfamily are associated with particular in India are far less explored (Rajmohana, personal observation). host groups viz., the Scelionini with Acrididae, Calliscelionini with Gryllidae and Tettigonidae, AIM AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY Embidobiini with Embioptera and Gryonini with Hymenopteran parasitoids are an important Heteroptera. Teleasinae are parasitoids of the eggs component of the natural enemy complex of insect of Carabid beetles (Coleoptera) (Austin and Field, pests and have been the most common type of 1997). natural enemies introduced for biological control The present study had been aimed to assess of insects (Ketipearachchi, 2002). The complex the diversity of the exclusive egg parasitoid 2 MEMOIRS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA subfamilies under Platygastridae, associated with South Western Ghats, while F2 was a lowland area, the rice ecosystems, in north-central Kerala. The near the foothills of the Ghats. study results reflected an extremely rich and Elevation difference was accepted as one of diverse parasitoid assemblage. A preliminary the criteria in selecting the sites in order to increase analysis at the species level indicated the presence the chances of encountering diverse and varied of approximately more than 100 species under 28 fauna as far as possible. genera of Scelioninae, Teleasinae and Telenominae Locality data of the 3 rice fields at the study (Platygastridae, exclusive of Platygastrinae). Since sites : a detailed systematic treatment of all the species Field 1 (F1)-Locality : Kavalamukkatta, collected during the study was too large to include Nilambur, Malappuram District, altitude, 177 ft at under this report, a total of 50 species, under two Lat 11° 15 132 Long 76° 21 174, during August- subfamilies (45 under Scelioninae and 5 under September, 2008 Teleasinae) are dealt here along with dichotomous Field 2 (F2)-Locality : Peruvayal, Calicut keys as identification aids. The species belonging District, altitude 5 ft, at Lat 11° 15.178 and Long to the subfamily Telenominae and a few large 75° 54.237, during December 2008-January 2009 genera like Gryon Haliday and Scelio Latreille under Scelioninae and Trimorus Förster Field 3 (F3)-Locality : Madakkimala, Kalpetta, (Teleasinae) will be dealt in detail separately as Wyanad District, altitude 2419 feet at Lat 11° 39 part II of this volume at a later instance. 651and Long 76° 05 318 , during December 2008- January 2009 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Collection and preservation of specimens Maintaining an inventory of natural enemies is Malaise traps (Fig. 2) were employed as a the first step towards recognising their existence standard specimen collection methodology, since (Ooi and Shepherd, 1994). Such a species inventory the study involved continuous monitoring over a and systematic characterisation of Scelioninae, the long term. At times small samplings were done by egg parasitoids of Hemiptera (Coreidae, aerial sweep nets. Malaise traps are tent-like traps Pentatomidae, Scutelleridae, Gerridae, Nepidae etc) made of fine mesh material and are used primarily and Orthoptera (Gryllidae, Tettigonidae, Acrididae) for the collection of flies (Diptera) and wasps and also that of the araneid and lycosid spiders (Hymenoptera), although they also caught many and Teleasinae, the egg parasitoids of Coleoptera other flying insects. Thus collections were made present in the rice ecosystem of north central continuously for 4 weeks, using two malaise traps Kerala are presented here. The data on the species per field, during August 2008–January 2009 and diversity of indigenous/native parasitoids will serve were attended once a week.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Full Text (.PDF)
    Journal of Research in Ecology An International Scientific Research Journal Original Research Does distribution of Acridomorpha is influenced by parasitoid attack? A model with Scelio aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951) in the experimental farm Authors: ABSTRACT: ElSayed WM Abu ElEla SA and In a survey of the Acridomorpha assemblage in two different sampling Eesa NM localities I and II at an experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University-ten different species had been recorded. These species were belonging to two subfamilies and representing ten tribes. Family Acrididae was found to exhibit the highest number of tribes (8 tribes and 8 species) whereas, family Pyrgomorphinae was represented by Institution: only two tribes harboring two species. The current research provides an attempt to Department of Entomology, point out the significance of Scelio aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951) potential Faculty of Science, parasitoidism on natural acridomorphine populations through examining the egg- Cairo University, pods. It was clear that only three acridomorphine species; Aiolopus thalassinus Giza-12613-Egypt. (Fabricius, 1798), Acrotylus patruelis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1838) and Pyrgomorpha conica (Olivier, 1791), were virtually attacked by the hymenopterous S. aegyptiacus (Priesner, 1951). Keywords: Parasitoidism, Acridomorpha, Scelio aegyptiacus, Stenophagous, presence- absence. Corresponding author: Article Citation: El-Sayed WM ElSayed WM,Abu ElEla SA and Eesa NM Does distribution of Acridomorpha is influenced by parasitoid attack? A model
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) Parasitizing Pauropsylla Cf
    2018 ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA 58(1): 137–141 MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE doi: 10.2478/aemnp-2018-0011 ISSN 1804-6487 (online) – 0374-1036 (print) www.aemnp.eu SHORT COMMUNICATION A new species of Synopeas (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) parasitizing Pauropsylla cf. depressa (Psylloidea: Triozidae) in India Kamalanathan VEENAKUMARI1,*), Peter Neerup BUHL2) & Prashanth MOHANRAJ1) 1) National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, P.B. No. 2491, Hebbal, 560024 Bangalore, India; e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2) Troldhøjvej 3, DK-3310 Ølsted, Denmark; e-mail: [email protected] *) corresponding author Accepted: Abstract. Synopeas pauropsyllae Veenakumari & Buhl, sp. nov., a new species of Synopeas 23rd April 2018 Förster, 1856 (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae: Platygastrinae), is recorded from Published online: galls induced by Pauropsylla cf. depressa Crawford, 1912 (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Triozidae) 29th May 2018 on Ficus benghalensis L. (Moraceae) in India. It is concluded that S. pauropsyllae is a pa- rasitoid of this psyllid species. This is the fi rst record of a platygastrid parasitizing this host. Key words. Hymenoptera, parasitoid wasp, Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, psyllid, taxonomy, gall, host plant, Ficus, India, Oriental Region Zoobank: http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5D64E6E7-2F4C-4B40-821F-CBF20E864D7D © 2018 The Authors. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Licence. Introduction inducing plant galls are mostly scale insects, aphids and With more than 5700 species and 264 genera, Platy- psyllids. Among psyllids (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: gastroidea is the third largest superfamily in the parasitic Psylloidea), several families are known to induce galls; Hymenoptera after Ichneumonoidea and Chalcidoidea gall-making species are particularly numerous in Triozidae, (AUSTIN et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) in Western Iran
    Published May 5, 2011 Klapalekiana, 47: 75–82, 2011 ISSN 1210-6100 Distribution of scelionid wasps (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) in Western Iran Rozšíření čeledi Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea) v západním Íránu Najmeh SAMIN1), Mahmood SHOJAI1), Erhan KOÇAK2) & Hassan GHAHARI1) 1) Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, P. O. Box 14515/775, Poonak, Hesarak, Tehran, Iran; e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 2) Ministry of Agriculture, Central Plant Protection Research Institute, 06172 PK: 49, Yenimahalle Street, Ankara, Turkey; e-mail: [email protected] Scelionidae, parasitoid, distribution, Western Iran, Palaearctic region Abstract. The fauna of Scelionid wasps (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from Western Iran (Ilam, Kermanshah, Kur- distan, Khuzestan and West Azarbaijan provinces) is studied in this paper. In total 18 species of 5 genera (Anteris Förster, 1856, Psix Kozlov et Le, 1976, Scelio Latreille, 1805, Telenomus Haliday, 1833 and Trissolcus Ashmead, 1893) were collected. Of these, Anteris simulans Kieffer, 1908 is new record for Iran. INTRODUCTION Scelionidae (Hymenoptera) are primary, solitary endoparasitoids of the eggs of insects from most major orders and occasionally of spider eggs (Masner 1995). Members of this large family are surprisingly diverse in appearance, depending on the shape and size of the host egg from which they emerged: cylindrical to depressed, elongate and spindle-shaped to short, squat and stocky (Kononova 1992, Masner 1993). All scelionid wasps are parasitoids of the eggs of other arthropods, that is, females lay their own eggs within the eggs of other species of insects or spiders. The wasp larva that hatches consumes the contents of the host egg and pupates within it.
    [Show full text]
  • A Short History Regarding the Taxonomy and Systematic Researches of Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera)
    Memoirs of the Scientific Sections of the Romanian Academy Tome XXXIV, 2011 BIOLOGY A SHORT HISTORY REGARDING THE TAXONOMY AND SYSTEMATIC RESEARCHES OF PLATYGASTROIDEA (HYMENOPTERA) O.A. POPOVICI1 and P.N. BUHL2 1 “Al.I.Cuza” University, Faculty of Biology, Bd. Carol I, nr. 11, 700506, Iasi, Romania. 2 Troldhøjvej 3, DK-3310 Ølsted, Denmark, e-mail: [email protected],dk Corresponding author: [email protected] This paper presents an overview of the most important and best-known works that were the subject of taxonomy or systematics Platygastroidea superfamily. The paper is divided into three parts. In the first part of the research surprised the early period can be placed throughout the XIXth century between Latreille and Dalla Torre. Before this period, references about platygastrids and scelionids were made by Linnaeus and Schrank, they are the ones who described the first platygastrid and scelionid respectively. In this the first period work entomologists as: Haliday, Westwood, Walker, Forster, Ashmead, Thomson, Howard, etc., the result of their work being the description of 699 scelionids species which are found quoted in Dalla Torre's catalogue. The second part of the paper is devoted to early 20th century. This vibrant work is marked by the work of two great entomologists: Kieffer and Dodd. In this period one publish the first and only global monograph of platygastrids and scelionids until now. In this monograph are twice the number of species than in Dalla Torre's catalogue which shows the magnitude of the systematic research of those moments. The third part of the paper refers to the late 20th and early 21st century.
    [Show full text]
  • Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas
    Terrestrial Arthropod Surveys on Pagan Island, Northern Marianas Neal L. Evenhuis, Lucius G. Eldredge, Keith T. Arakaki, Darcy Oishi, Janis N. Garcia & William P. Haines Pacific Biological Survey, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817 Final Report November 2010 Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish & Wildlife Office Honolulu, Hawaii Evenhuis et al. — Pagan Island Arthropod Survey 2 BISHOP MUSEUM The State Museum of Natural and Cultural History 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai’i 96817–2704, USA Copyright© 2010 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America Contribution No. 2010-015 to the Pacific Biological Survey Evenhuis et al. — Pagan Island Arthropod Survey 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 5 Background ..................................................................................................................... 7 General History .............................................................................................................. 10 Previous Expeditions to Pagan Surveying Terrestrial Arthropods ................................ 12 Current Survey and List of Collecting Sites .................................................................. 18 Sampling Methods ......................................................................................................... 25 Survey Results ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Assemblage of Hymenoptera Arriving at Logs Colonized by Ips Pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and Its Microbial Symbionts in Western Montana
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences 2009 Assemblage of Hymenoptera Arriving at Logs Colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its Microbial Symbionts in Western Montana Celia K. Boone Diana Six University of Montana - Missoula, [email protected] Steven J. Krauth Kenneth F. Raffa Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/decs_pubs Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Boone, Celia K.; Six, Diana; Krauth, Steven J.; and Raffa, Kenneth F., "Assemblage of Hymenoptera Arriving at Logs Colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its Microbial Symbionts in Western Montana" (2009). Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications. 33. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/decs_pubs/33 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 172 Assemblage of Hymenoptera arriving at logs colonized by Ips pini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and its microbial symbionts in western Montana Celia K. Boone Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin,
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Study of Three Subfamilies of the Family Platygasteridae (Hymenoptera) in East-Azarbaijan Province
    Archive of SID nd Proceedings of 22 Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 27-30 August 2016 412 College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, IRAN Preliminary study of three subfamilies of the family Platygasteridae (Hymenoptera) in East-Azarbaijan province Hossein Lotfalizadeh1, Mortaza Shamsi2 and Shahzad Iranipour3 1.Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of East- Azarbaijan, Tabriz, Iran 2.Department of Plant Protection, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran. 3. Department of Plant Protection, University of Tabriz. [email protected] The subfamilies Scelioninae, Telenominae and Teleasinae that were known formerly as Scelionidae are widely distributed in the world. These are parasitic wasps and have important role in the agricultural pests control. These minute wasps are egg parasitoids of spiders and different insect orders. During 2013-2014, a faunistic study was conducted in some parts of East-Azarbaijan province. Collection were made by Malaise trap, pan trap and sweeping net. Identifications were made by available literatures. Morphological characters of head, antennae, thorax, wings, gaster and legs were used for identification. Based on the present study as the first faunistic study of these subfamilies in Iran, 244 specimens were studied. These belong to 10 genera, 21 species. Of which, 11 species and 6 genera, 2 species and 2 genera and 8 species and 2 genera are respectively belong to Scelioninae, Teleasinae and Telenominae. Twenty-one species include 10 genera and three subfamilies were collected and identified. Twenty species and six genera are new records for Iranian fauna. These six genera are Baeus, Baryconus, Calliscelio, Idris, Scelio and Proteleas.
    [Show full text]
  • Advances in Taxonomy and Systematics of Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera)
    Advances in Taxonomy and Systematics of Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera) Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Charuwat Taekul, M.S. Graduate Program in Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology ***** The Ohio State University 2012 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Norman F. Johnson, Advisor Dr. Johannes S. H. Klompen Dr. John V. Freudenstein Dr. Marymegan Daly Copyright by Charuwat Taekul 2012 ABSTRACT Wasps, Ants, Bees, and Sawflies one of the most familiar and important insects, are scientifically categorized in the order Hymenoptera. Parasitoid Hymenoptera display some of the most advanced biology of the order. Platygastroidea, one of the significant groups of parasitoid wasps, attacks host eggs more than 7 insect orders. Despite its success and importance, an understanding of this group is still unclear. I present here the world systematic revisions of two genera in Platygastroidea: Platyscelio Kieffer and Oxyteleia Kieffer, as well as introduce the first comprehensive molecular study of the most important subfamily in platygastroids as biological control benefit, Telenominae. For the systematic study of two Old World genera, I address the taxonomic history of the genus, identification key to species, as well as review the existing concepts and propose descriptive new species. Four new species of Platyscelio are discovered from South Africa, Western Australia, Botswana and Zimbabwe. Four species are considered to be junior synonyms of P. pulchricornis. Fron nine valid species of Oxyteleia, the new species are discovered throughout Indo-Malayan and Australasian regions in total of twenty-seven species. The genus Merriwa Dodd, 1920 is considered to be a new synonym.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in Irrigated Rice Ecosystems
    OPEN ACCESS All arfcles publfshed fn the Journal of Threatened Taxa are regfstered under Creafve Commons Atrfbufon 4.0 Interna - fonal Lfcense unless otherwfse menfoned. JoTT allows unrestrfcted use of arfcles fn any medfum, reproducfon and dfstrfbufon by provfdfng adequate credft to the authors and the source of publfcafon. Journal of Threatened Taxa The fnternafonal journal of conservafon and taxonomy www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Onlfne) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Prfnt) Commnunfcatfon Egg parasftofds from the subfamfly Scelfonfnae (Hymenoptera: Platygastrfdae) fn frrfgated rfce ecosystems across varfed elevatfonal ranges fn southern Indfa M. Shweta & K. Rajmohana 26 June 2016 | Vol. 8 | No. 6 | Pp. 8898–8904 10.11609/jot.2061.8.6. 8898-8904 For Focus, Scope, Afms, Polfcfes and Gufdelfnes vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/About_JoTT.asp For Arfcle Submfssfon Gufdelfnes vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/Submfssfon_Gufdelfnes.asp For Polfcfes agafnst Scfenffc Mfsconduct vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/JoTT_Polfcy_agafnst_Scfenffc_Mfsconduct.asp For reprfnts contact <[email protected]> Publfsher/Host Partner Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 June 2016 | 8(6): 8898–8904 Egg parasitoids from the subfamily Scelioninae Communication (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) in irrigated rice ecosystems ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) across varied elevational ranges in southern India ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) M. Shweta 1 & K. Rajmohana 2 OPEN ACCESS 1,2 Zoological Survey of India, Western Ghat Regional Centre (Recognized research
    [Show full text]
  • Entomological Collections in the Age of Big Data
    [**AU: This is the copyedited version of your manuscript; please address the edits/queries directly in this document. It is essential that you use this version of the document, with the Track Changes function enabled, in order for us to distinguish your edits from ours. Please do not copy and paste the content into a “clean” file, as this may result in the introduction of errors as we prepare the manuscript for typesetting. To add reference(s) without renumbering (e.g., between Refs. 12 and 13), use a lowercase letter (e.g., 12a, 12b, etc.) in both text and bibliography. To delete reference(s), delete reference in text and substitute "Deleted in proof" after the number (e.g., 26. Deleted in proof). Do not renumber the references. The typesetter will do this. Abbreviations that were used fewer than two times have been removed. Contiguous hyphens will be converted to dashes in the final version of your manuscript. Finally, colorful reference numbers within the text will be hyperlinked in the online version, but will appear as normal text in the printed version.**] Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2018. 63:X--X https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035536 Copyright © 2018 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved SHORT ■ DIKOW ■ MOREAU COLLECTIONS IN THE AGE OF BIG DATA ENTOMOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS IN THE AGE OF BIG DATA Andrew Edward Z. Short,1 Torsten Dikow,2 and Corrie S. Moreau3 1Department of Ecology & and Evolutionary Biology and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA; email: [email protected] 2Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA; email: [email protected] 3Department of Science & and Education, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA; email: [email protected] ■ Abstract With a million described species and more than half a billion preserved specimens, the large scale of insect collections is unequaled by those of any other group.
    [Show full text]
  • Beiträge Zur Bayerischen Entomofaunistik 13: 67–207
    Beiträge zur bayerischen Entomofaunistik 13:67–207, Bamberg (2014), ISSN 1430-015X Grundlegende Untersuchungen zur vielfältigen Insektenfauna im Tiergarten Nürnberg unter besonderer Betonung der Hymenoptera Auswertung von Malaisefallenfängen in den Jahren 1989 und 1990 von Klaus von der Dunk & Manfred Kraus Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitung 68 2. Untersuchungsgebiet 68 3. Methodik 69 3.1. Planung 69 3.2. Malaisefallen (MF) im Tiergarten 1989, mit Gelbschalen (GS) und Handfänge 69 3.3. Beschreibung der Fallenstandorte 70 3.4. Malaisefallen, Gelbschalen und Handfänge 1990 71 4. Darstellung der Untersuchungsergebnisse 71 4.1. Die Tabellen 71 4.2. Umfang der Untersuchungen 73 4.3. Grenzen der Interpretation von Fallenfängen 73 5. Untersuchungsergebnisse 74 5.1. Hymenoptera 74 5.1.1. Hymenoptera – Symphyta (Blattwespen) 74 5.1.1.1. Tabelle Symphyta 74 5.1.1.2. Tabellen Leerungstermine der Malaisefallen und Gelbschalen und Blattwespenanzahl 78 5.1.1.3. Symphyta 79 5.1.2. Hymenoptera – Terebrantia 87 5.1.2.1. Tabelle Terebrantia 87 5.1.2.2. Tabelle Ichneumonidae (det. R. Bauer) mit Ergänzungen 91 5.1.2.3. Terebrantia: Evanoidea bis Chalcididae – Ichneumonidae – Braconidae 100 5.1.2.4. Bauer, R.: Ichneumoniden aus den Fängen in Malaisefallen von Dr. M. Kraus im Tiergarten Nürnberg in den Jahren 1989 und 1990 111 5.1.3. Hymenoptera – Apocrita – Aculeata 117 5.1.3.1. Tabellen: Apidae, Formicidae, Chrysididae, Pompilidae, Vespidae, Sphecidae, Mutillidae, Sapygidae, Tiphiidae 117 5.1.3.2. Apidae, Formicidae, Chrysididae, Pompilidae, Vespidae, Sphecidae, Mutillidae, Sapygidae, Tiphiidae 122 5.1.4. Coleoptera 131 5.1.4.1. Tabelle Coleoptera 131 5.1.4.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Associations with Forest Composition and Post-Fire Succession
    Predatory Hymenopteran assemblages in boreal Alaska: associations with forest composition and post-fire succession Item Type Thesis Authors Wenninger, Alexandria Download date 07/10/2021 19:06:57 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/8749 PREDATORY HYMENOPTERAN ASSEMBLAGES IN BOREAL ALASKA: ASSOCIATIONS WITH FOREST COMPOSITION AND POST-FIRE SUCCESSION By Alexandria Wenninger, B.S. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks MAY 2018 APPROVED: Diane Wagner, Committee Chair Teresa Hollingsworth, Committee Member Derek Sikes, Committee Member Kris Hundertmark, Chair Department of Biology and Wildlife Anupma Prakash, Interim Dean College of Natural Science and Mathematics Michael Castellini, Dean of the Graduate School Abstract Predatory Hymenoptera play key roles in terrestrial foodwebs and affect ecosystem processes, but their assemblage composition and distribution among forest habitats are poorly understood. Historically, the boreal forest of interior Alaska has been characterized by a fire disturbance regime that maintains vegetation composition dominated by black spruce forest. Climate-driven changes in the boreal fire regime have begun to increase the occurrence of hardwood species in the boreal forest, including trembling aspen and Alaska paper birch. Replacement of black spruce forests with aspen forests may influence predatory hymenopteran assemblages due to differences in prey availability and extrafloral nectar provisioning. Furthermore, changes in the frequency and extent of boreal forest fires increase the proportion of forests in earlier successional stages, altering habitat structure. The primary goal of this study was to characterize predatory hymenopteran assemblages in post-fire boreal forests of interior Alaska.
    [Show full text]