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Appendix D Biological Resources Technical Report Appendix D Biological Resources Technical Report Final LOMA ALTA SLOUGH WETLANDS ENHANCEMENT PROJECT Biological Technical Report Prepared for May 2020 City of Oceanside Final LOMA ALTA SLOUGH WETLANDS ENHANCEMENT PROJECT Biological Technical Report Prepared for May 2020 City of Oceanside 550 West C Street Suite 750 San Diego, CA 92101 619.719.4200 esassoc.com Bend Oakland San Diego Camarillo Orlando San Francisco Delray Beach Pasadena Santa Monica Destin Petaluma Sarasota Irvine Portland Seattle Los Angeles Sacramento Tampa 181419.00 OUR COMMITMENT TO SUSTAINABILITY | ESA helps a variety of public and private sector clients plan and prepare for climate change and emerging regulations that limit GHG emissions. ESA is a registered assessor with the California Climate Action Registry, a Climate Leader, and founding reporter for the Climate Registry. ESA is also a corporate member of the U.S. Green Building Council and the Business Council on Climate Change (BC3). Internally, ESA has adopted a Sustainability Vision and Policy Statement and a plan to reduce waste and energy within our operations. This document was produced using recycled paper. TABLE OF CONTENTS Loma Alta Slough Wetlands Enhancement Project Biological Technical Report Page Chapter 1, Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background and Purpose ........................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Description .................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Survey Area Location .............................................................................................. 3 Chapter 2, Regulatory Framework ......................................................................................... 4 2.1 Federal Regulations ................................................................................................ 4 2.2 State Regulations .................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Local Regulation and Programs ............................................................................. 7 Chapter 3, Methods ................................................................................................................. 9 3.1 Literature Review .................................................................................................... 9 3.2 Field Reconnaissance ............................................................................................. 9 Chapter 4, Results ................................................................................................................. 11 4.1 Physical Characteristics ........................................................................................ 11 4.2 Biological Resources ............................................................................................ 12 Chapter 5, Impact Analysis ................................................................................................... 18 5.1 Sensitive Vegetation Communities ....................................................................... 18 5.2 Special-Status Plants ............................................................................................ 19 5.3 Special-Status Wildlife .......................................................................................... 19 5.4 State and Federal Wetlands ................................................................................. 19 5.5 Wildlife Movement Corridors and Habitat Linkages ............................................. 20 5.6 Local Policies, Ordinances, and Adopted Plans ................................................... 20 5.7 Cumulative Impacts............................................................................................... 21 Chapter 6, Mitigation ............................................................................................................. 22 Chapter 7, References ........................................................................................................... 25 Appendices A. Jurisdictional Delineation Report for the Loma Alta Slough Wetlands Enhancement Project B. Floral Compendium C. Faunal Compendium D. Special-Status Plant Species with Potential to Occur E. Special-Status Wildlife Species with Potential to Occur Loma Alta Slough Wetlands Enhancement Project i ESA / 181419.00 Biological Technical Report May 2020 Table of Contents Page List of Figures Figure 1 Project Vicinity ....................................................................................................... 27 Figure 2 Vicinity Map ........................................................................................................... 28 Figure 3 Project Location .................................................................................................... 29 Figure 4a Alternative 1 Phase 1 ............................................................................................ 30 Figure 4b Alternative 1 Phase 2 ............................................................................................ 31 Figure 4c Alternative 2 Phase 1 ............................................................................................ 32 Figure 4d Alternative 2 Phase 2 ............................................................................................ 33 Figure 4e Alternative 3 Phase 1 ............................................................................................ 34 Figure 5 Project in Relation to MHCP Preserve Areas and Coastal Zones ....................... 35 Figure 6 Biological Resources ............................................................................................ 36 Figure 7 State and Federal Wetlands and Other Waters .................................................... 37 List of Tables Table 1 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types Within the Survey Area .............. 12 Table 2 State and Federal Wetlands and Waters Within the Survey Area .......................... 16 Table 3 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types, Estimated Impacts .................... 18 Table 4 State and Federal Wetlands and Waters Impacts ................................................... 20 Table 5 Proposed Habitat Types by Alternative Within the Survey Area ............................. 24 Loma Alta Slough Wetlands Enhancement Project ii ESA / 181419.00 Biological Technical Report May 2020 CHAPTER 1 Introduction This biological resources report has been prepared for the City of Oceanside’s (City’s) Loma Alta Slough Wetlands Enhancement Project (project) to document biological resources identified within the estuarine portion of the Loma Alta Slough and surrounding uplands, analyze potential impacts to sensitive biological resources, and discuss pertinent mitigation measures. This report is intended to support the review of project impacts to biological resources under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). 1.1 Project Background and Purpose The Loma Alta Slough, located in the City of Oceanside, California, is a locally and regionally important natural resource that provides nesting and foraging habitat for marsh and shoreline birds. The Slough was historically, and continues to be, an intermittently opening estuary, similar to many coastal wetlands in California. Watershed urbanization, sedimentation, channel engineering, degraded water quality, and wetland fill have degraded the health of the Slough. The Slough’s morphology has been altered because large areas have been filled to create developed areas. In addition to impacts associated with the physical loss of wetland area, water quality issues resulting from urbanization have been ongoing since the 1960s. Currently, both Loma Alta Creek and Slough are on California’s Clean Water Act 303(d) list of impaired water bodies for a variety of inhibiting constituents, most notably indicator bacteria, eutrophic conditions and benthic community impairments. Dry-weather flows from the watershed provide a continuous source of freshwater that contributes to the ponding, and contains fertilizers and other contaminants that reduce water quality by causing eutrophic conditions and the growth of algae and bacteria. Historically, Loma Alta Creek upstream of the Slough was an ephemeral stream that flowed only during the wet season. Urbanization has resulted in persistent dry-weather flows from the watershed that provide continuous freshwater input. The altered hydrology and continuous input of urban runoff contributes to ponding and reduced water quality in the Slough by causing eutrophic conditions and the growth of algae and bacteria. The project will provide multiple benefits by improving and restoring habitat for native species, providing a buffer from flooding and sea-level rise, improving water quality in the Slough through natural wetland processes, and enhancing recreational enjoyment of the area. Loma Alta Slough Wetlands Enhancement Project 1 ESA / 181419.00 Biological Technical Report May 2020 1. Introduction 1.2 Project Description The project consists of expanding the wetland footprint through removal of historical infill, improving the ecological and hydrological conditions of the current wetlands and integrating the project with recreational features such as trails and bike paths. Three alternatives were considered for the project area. Alternative 1 would relocate Loma Alta Creek to create two channel
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