Social Media and the ISIS Narrative Daniel Cunningham, MA Sean F
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Turkey 2020 Website.Indd
TURKEY Quick Facts Population: 82,017,514 (July 2020 est.) Area: 783,562 sq km Ethnic Groups: Turkish 70-75%, Kurdish 19%, other minorities 7-12% (2016 est.) Government Type: Presidential republic GDP (official exchange rate): $851.5 billion (2017 est.) Source: CIA World FactBook (Last Updated August 2020) INTRODUCTION While Turkey remains a nominally secular republic, political Islam has been ascendant in the country since the military coup of 1980. The consolidation of power by Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s Justice and Development Party in the past 15 years, however, has led to the gradual weakening of secularism and the promotion of political Islam in Turkish public life. Political Islam has become increasingly visible at the grassroots level, as pious Turks enjoy growing representation in the political process. In parallel, the mounting authoritarian tendencies of the Turkish government have stifled political opposition. The transformation of Turkey from a parliamentary to a presidential system of government in a 2017 referendum has ensured, for the time being, that Erdogan’s political agenda faces no serious domestic challenges. That said, following the fallout with the Gülen Movement with whose support Erdoğan came to power, he has been forced into an uneasy alliance with domestic ultra-nationalists. This has not diminished Erdoğan’s Islamism, however, but rather injected it with greater doses of Turkish nationalism. Turkey’s foreign policy has been transformed accordingly. Following the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings, Turkey actively intervened to secure the victory of political Islam across the Middle East and North Africa, lending support especially to the Muslim Brotherhood and affiliated organizations. -
ADL Report to Global Forum on Cyberhate 2015
Report of the Anti-Defamation League on Confronting Cyberhate 5th Global Forum for Combating Anti-Semitism May, 2015 ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE Barry Curtiss-Lusher National Chair Abraham H. Foxman National Director Kenneth Jacobson Deputy National Director Milton S. Schneider President, Anti-Defamation League Foundation CIVIL RIGHTS DIVISION Christopher Wolf Chair Deborah M. Lauter Director Steven M. Freeman Associate Director Eva Vega-Olds Assistant Director Jonathan Vick Assistant Director, Cyberhate Response CENTER ON EXTREMISM Mitch Markow Chair Oren Segal Director Lauren Steinberg Terrorism Analyst For additional and updated resources please see: www.adl.org Copies of this publication are available in the Rita and Leo Greenland Library and Research Center. ©2015 Anti-Defamation League | Printed in the United States of America | All Rights Reserved Anti-Defamation League 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-3560 www.adl.org Table of Contents PREFACE .........................................................................................................................................................4 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................................5 CHARTING PROGRESS ....................................................................................................................................6 A NEW CHALLENGE: TERRORIST USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ............................................................................11 RECOMMENDATIONS -
The Path to Terrorism: the Islamic State and Its Recruitment Strategies
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Honors Scholar Theses Honors Scholar Program Spring 5-1-2018 The aP th to Terrorism: The slI amic State and Its Recruitment Strategies Laura Turner [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/srhonors_theses Part of the International Relations Commons, Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons, and the Terrorism Studies Commons Recommended Citation Turner, Laura, "The aP th to Terrorism: The slI amic State and Its Recruitment Strategies" (2018). Honors Scholar Theses. 585. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/srhonors_theses/585 1 The University of Connecticut The Path to Terrorism: The Islamic State and Its Recruitment Strategies Laura Turner Honors Senior Thesis Advisor: Professor Jeremy Pressman Individualized & Interdisciplinary Studies Program 19 April 2018 2 Introduction 13,488 terrorist attacks occurred around the world in 2016.i 1,468 of these, or 10.9%, were perpetrated by the Islamic State.1 The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) or the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), is an extremely violent Islamist terrorist organization that follows Salafism, a strict interpretation of Sunni Islam. The group’s ultimate goal is to establish a worldwide caliphate, or a state governed by Islamic law. ISIS is rooted in Abu Musad al-Zarqawi’s Al Qaeda in Iraq, a militant organization so extreme and violent that even Al Qaeda’s leadership criticized its methods and eventually renounced connections with the group. When Zarqawi was killed by a U.S. airstrike in 2006, Abu Ayyub al Masri became the leader of the group and renamed it the Islamic State in Iraq (ISI). -
Seamless Interoperability and Data Portability in the Social Web for Facilitating an Open and Heterogeneous Online Social Network Federation
Seamless Interoperability and Data Portability in the Social Web for Facilitating an Open and Heterogeneous Online Social Network Federation vorgelegt von Dipl.-Inform. Sebastian Jürg Göndör geb. in Duisburg von der Fakultät IV – Elektrotechnik und Informatik der Technischen Universität Berlin zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften - Dr.-Ing. - genehmigte Dissertation Promotionsausschuss: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Thomas Magedanz Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Axel Küpper Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Ulrik Schroeder Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Maurizio Marchese Tag der wissenschaftlichen Aussprache: 6. Juni 2018 Berlin 2018 iii A Bill of Rights for Users of the Social Web Authored by Joseph Smarr, Marc Canter, Robert Scoble, and Michael Arrington1 September 4, 2007 Preamble: There are already many who support the ideas laid out in this Bill of Rights, but we are actively seeking to grow the roster of those publicly backing the principles and approaches it outlines. That said, this Bill of Rights is not a document “carved in stone” (or written on paper). It is a blog post, and it is intended to spur conversation and debate, which will naturally lead to tweaks of the language. So, let’s get the dialogue going and get as many of the major stakeholders on board as we can! A Bill of Rights for Users of the Social Web We publicly assert that all users of the social web are entitled to certain fundamental rights, specifically: Ownership of their own personal information, including: • their own profile data • the list of people they are connected to • the activity stream of content they create; • Control of whether and how such personal information is shared with others; and • Freedom to grant persistent access to their personal information to trusted external sites. -
Auswertung Onlinebefragung Social Media
HSD Auswertung Onlinebefragung Social Media Impressum Herausgeber Dezernat Kommunikation & Marketing Redaktion Rebecca Juwick M.A. Dezernat Kommunikation & Marketing Stand Februar 2016 2 Inhalt 1 Einleitung 4 2 Methode 5 3 Ergebnisse 6 Nutzung Social Networks 9 Zielgruppen 15 Funktionen & Inhalte 16 4 Fazit 22 3 Auswertung Social- Media-Umfrage 1 Einleitung Im Rahmen der Social-Media-Projektgruppe sollten die Anforderungen der unterschiedlichen Ziel- gruppen an das Social-Media-Angebot der Hochschule erhoben werden. Um dies möglichst effektiv umsetzen zu können, wurde eine Onlinebefragung für Studierende und Beschäftigte der Hochschule Düsseldorf durchgeführt. Diese liefen in zeitlichem Abstand zueinander jeweils 4 Wochen lang. Im Folgenden wird zuerst das methodische Vorgehen zur Befragung kurz erläutert, bevor die Ergeb- nisse vorgestellt werden. Alle Ergebnisse können den Datei-Anhängen „Auswertung_Studie- rende.xlsx“ und „Auswertung_Beschäftigte.xlsx“ entnommen werden. 4 Auswertung Social-Media-Umfrage 2 Methode Damit möglichst viele Studierende aus allen Fachbereichen und die Beschäftigten der Hochschule, unabhängig vom Standort, an der Erhebung teilnehmen konnten, wurde die Befragung als reine On- linebefragung durchgeführt. Aufgrund der Ähnlichkeit in Bezug auf die avisierten Zielgruppen, sowie der inhaltlichen Fragestellung wurde die Befragung in Kooperation mit der Campus IT, dem Daten- schutzbeauftragten und dem Fachbereich Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften realisiert. Der Fragebogen wurde mithilfe der Software Unipark umgesetzt und über den entsprechenden Uni- park-Server für mehrere Wochen zur Beantwortung verfügbar gehalten. Der Umfang des Fragebo- gens wurde dabei so gewählt, dass eine Bearbeitungsdauer von 10 bis 15 Minuten – inklusive Brie- fing und Debriefing – nicht überschritten wurde. Zur Gewinnung von Teilnehmenden wurden diese über diverse Kanäle angesprochen. Auf der Start- seite des Internetauftritts der HSD wurde beispielsweise eine Meldung von der Pressestelle einge- stellt. -
The National Hillumat Otti
THE NATIONALUS009742853B2 HILLUMAT OTTI TIK (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 , 742 ,853 B2 Auerbach (45 ) Date of Patent: Aug. 22 , 2017 ( 54 ) DYNAMIC COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND ( 56 ) References Cited USES THEREOF U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS (71 ) Applicant : Michael H . Auerbach , Rockville , MD 6 ,850 , 511 B2 2 /2005 Kats et al. (US ) 7 ,002 , 944 B2 2 /2006 Kats et al. (72 ) Inventor : Michael H . Auerbach, Rockville , MD (Continued ) (US ) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS ( 73 ) Assignee : The Michael Harrison Tretter EP 2151793 2 /2010 Auerbach Trust , New York , NY (US ) WO WO 2010 / 144766 12 / 2010 ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (Continued ) patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U . S . C . 154 (b ) by 177 days . OTHER PUBLICATIONS Ahtiainen , A . et al. (2009 ) “ Awareness Networking in Wireless (21 ) Appl. No. : 14 /512 ,442 Environments ,” Vehicular Technol. Mag . IEEE 4 ( 3 ) : 48 , 54 . ( 22 ) Filed : Oct. 12 , 2014 (Continued ) Pri Primary Examiner - Kevin Bates (65 ) Prior Publication Data Assistant Examiner — Nazia Naoreen US 2015 /0334044 A1 Nov . 19, 2015 ( 74 ) Attorney , Agent, or Firm — Jeffrey I. Auerbach ; AuerbachSchrot LLC Related U . S . Application Data (60 ) Provisional application No. 62/ 000 ,015 , filed on May (57 ) ABSTRACT 19 , 2014 . The invention concerns computer systems that are specially adapted to propagate content over a dynamic network , (51 ) Int. Cl. substantially in real time, by virtue of the locational prox H04L 12 /911 (2013 . 01) imity of network joined client computers . Preferably, the G06F 1730 ( 2006 .01 ) content will also be proximity -weighted , and more prefer ably also rank -weighted , topic -weighted , time -weighted , (Continued ) query - weighted , vote -weighted , and / or location - weighted . -
Systematic Scoping Review on Social Media Monitoring Methods and Interventions Relating to Vaccine Hesitancy
TECHNICAL REPORT Systematic scoping review on social media monitoring methods and interventions relating to vaccine hesitancy www.ecdc.europa.eu ECDC TECHNICAL REPORT Systematic scoping review on social media monitoring methods and interventions relating to vaccine hesitancy This report was commissioned by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and coordinated by Kate Olsson with the support of Judit Takács. The scoping review was performed by researchers from the Vaccine Confidence Project, at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (contract number ECD8894). Authors: Emilie Karafillakis, Clarissa Simas, Sam Martin, Sara Dada, Heidi Larson. Acknowledgements ECDC would like to acknowledge contributions to the project from the expert reviewers: Dan Arthus, University College London; Maged N Kamel Boulos, University of the Highlands and Islands, Sandra Alexiu, GP Association Bucharest and Franklin Apfel and Sabrina Cecconi, World Health Communication Associates. ECDC would also like to acknowledge ECDC colleagues who reviewed and contributed to the document: John Kinsman, Andrea Würz and Marybelle Stryk. Suggested citation: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Systematic scoping review on social media monitoring methods and interventions relating to vaccine hesitancy. Stockholm: ECDC; 2020. Stockholm, February 2020 ISBN 978-92-9498-452-4 doi: 10.2900/260624 Catalogue number TQ-04-20-076-EN-N © European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2020 Reproduction is authorised, provided the -
Probabilistic Forecasting in Decision-Making: New Methods and Applications
Probabilistic Forecasting in Decision-Making: New Methods and Applications Xiaojia Guo A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of University College London. UCL School of Management University College London November 10, 2020 2 I, Xiaojia Guo, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indi- cated in the work. 3 To my family for their invaluable support throughout the years. Abstract This thesis develops new methods to generate probabilistic forecasts and applies these methods to solve operations problems in practice. The first chapter introduces a new product life cycle model, the tilted-Gompertz model, which can predict the distribution of period sales and cumulative sales over a product’s life cycle. The tilted-Gompertz model is developed by exponential tilting the Gompertz model, which has been widely applied in modelling human mortality. Due to the tilting parameter, this new model is flexible and capable of describing a wider range of shapes compared to existing life cycle models. In two empirical studies, one on the adoption of new products and the other on search interest in social networking websites, I find that the tilted-Gompertz model performs well on quantile forecast- ing and point forecasting, when compared to other leading life-cycle models. In the second chapter, I develop a new exponential smoothing model that can cap- ture life-cycle trends. This new exponential smoothing model can also be viewed as a tilted-Gompertz model with time-varying parameters. -
Sept Thèses Sur La Fediverse Et Le Devenir Du Logiciel Libre Par Aymeric Mansoux Et Roel Roscam Abbing
Sept Thèses sur la Fediverse et le devenir du logiciel libre par Aymeric Mansoux et Roel Roscam Abbing Framalang met à votre disposition la traduction de l’ouvrage en anglais Seven Theses on the Fediverse and the becoming of FLOSS Licence Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International. Traduction Framalang : Claire, dodosan, goofy, jums, Macrico, Mannik, mo, roptat, tykayn, wisi_eu À la rencontre de la Fédiverse Ces dernières années, dans un contexte de critiques constantes et de lassitude généralisée associées aux plates-formes de médias sociaux commerciaux 1, le désir de construire des alternatives s’est renforcé. Cela s’est traduit par une grande variété de projets animés par divers objectifs. Les projets en question ont mis en avant leurs différences avec les médias sociaux des grandes plates-formes, que ce soit par leur éthique, leur structure, les technologies qui les sous-tendent, leurs fonctionnalités, l’accès au code source ou encore les communautés construites autour d’intérêts spécifiques qu’ils cherchent à soutenir. Bien que diverses, ces plates-formes tendent vers un objectif commun : remettre clairement en question l’asservissement à une plate-forme unique dans le paysage des médias sociaux dominants. Par conséquent, ces projets nécessitent différents niveaux de décentralisation et d’interopérabilité en termes d’architecture des réseaux et de circulation de données. Ces plates-formes sont regroupées sous le terme de « Fédiverse », un mot-valise composé de « Fédération » et « univers ». La fédération est un concept qui vient de la théorie politique par lequel divers acteurs qui se constituent en réseau décident de coopérer tous ensemble. -
La Fée Diverse Déploie Ses Ailes
La Fée diverse déploie ses ailes Il n’est pas si fréquent que l’équipe Framalang traduise un article depuis la langue italienne, mais la récapitulation bien documentée de Cagizero était une bonne occasion de faire le point sur l’expansion de la Fediverse, un phénomène dont nous nous réjouissons et que nous souhaitons voir gagner plus d’amplitude encore, tant mieux si l’article ci-dessous est très lacunaire dans un an ! Article original : Mastodon, il Fediverso ed il futuro decentrato delle reti sociali Traduction Framalang : alainmi, Ezelty, goofy, MO Mastodon, la Fediverse et l’avenir des réseaux décentralisés par Cagizero Peu de temps après une première vue d’ensemble de Mastodon il est déjà possible d’ajouter quelques observations nouvelles. Tout d’abord, il faut noter que plusieurs personnes familières de l’usage des principaux médias sociaux commerciaux (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram…) sont d’abord désorientées par les concepts de « décentralisation » et de « réseau fédéré ». En effet, l’idée des médias sociaux qui est répandue et bien ancrée dans les esprits est celle d’un lieu unique, indifférencié, monolithique, avec des règles et des mécanismes strictement identiques pour tous. Essentiellement, le fait même de pouvoir concevoir un univers d’instances séparées et indépendantes représente pour beaucoup de gens un changement de paradigme qui n’est pas immédiatement compréhensible. Dans un article précédent où était décrit le média social Mastodon, le concept d’instance fédérée était comparé à un réseau de clubs ou cercles privés associés entre eux. Certains aspects exposés dans l’article précédent demandent peut-être quelques éclaircissements supplémentaires pour celles et ceux qui abordent tout juste le concept de réseau fédéré. -
Gaidi Mtaani (Published by Al
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2018 Recruiting Followers for the Caliphate: A Narrative Analysis of Four Jihadist Magazines Andrea Madrazo University of Central Florida Part of the Mass Communication Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Madrazo, Andrea, "Recruiting Followers for the Caliphate: A Narrative Analysis of Four Jihadist Magazines" (2018). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 5786. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/5786 RECRUITING FOLLOWERS FOR THE CALIPHATE: A NARRATIVE ANALYSIS OF FOUR JIHADIST MAGAZINES by ANDREA NICOLE MADRAZO B.A., University of Central Florida, 2016 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Communication in the College of Sciences at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Major Professor: Jonathan Matusitz Spring Term 2018 2018 Andrea Madrazo ii ABSTRACT This study identifies and compares the methods of recruitment used by three prime jihadist organizations through their online magazines. The successful recruitment efforts and growth as a threat by the Islamic State of Iraq and Shām (ISIS), Al-Qaeda, and Al-Shabaab are attributed, in part, to the widespread popularity and accessibility of Dabiq and Rumiyah (published by ISIS), Inspire (published by Al-Qaeda), and Gaidi Mtaani (published by Al- Shabaab). -
Functional Breakdown of Decentralised Social Networks
University of Amsterdam Master System and Network Engineering Research Project 2 Functional breakdown of decentralised social networks Student: Supervisor: Wouter Miltenburg Michiel Leenaars [email protected] [email protected] July 6, 2015 Abstract Current centralised social networks are used by a huge number of users for a variety of reasons. With Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn, or Twitter, users are not in control of their own data and access control is centralised and proprietary. Decentralised social networks could be a solution to these problems and gives the control of the data back to users. This research is focused on the question which of the decentralised social networks is currently most suited to be provided as a service by hosting providers. This paper will therefore provide information about the current implementations, the protocols used by the various implementations, and will give a functional breakdown of the various decentralised social networks. Various implementations have been analysed, namely diaspora*, Friendica, GNU social, pump.io, and RedMatrix. The paper also describes the set of standards and protocols used by the various implementations. As most implementations use their own protocol, or implement the standards slightly differently, there is no interoperability without the use of extra plugins or enabling certain features. While there are a lot of standards for facilitating the message exchange, there are however standards missing that would make interoperability possible, which is described in this paper as well. RedMatrix is currently most suited to be provided as an alternative to the current centralised social networks and that can be provided as a service by hosting providers.