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Opportunities for US-Israeli Collaborations in Computational Neuroscience
Opportunities for US-Israeli Collaborations in Computational Neuroscience Report of a Binational Workshop* Larry Abbott and Naftali Tishby Introduction Both Israel and the United States have played and continue to play leading roles in the rapidly developing field of computational neuroscience, and both countries have strong interests in fostering collaboration in emerging research areas. A workshop was convened by the US-Israel Binational Science Foundation and the US National Science Foundation to discuss opportunities to encourage and support interdisciplinary collaborations among scientists from the US and Israel, centered around computational neuroscience. Seven leading experts from Israel and six from the US (Appendix 2) met in Jerusalem on November 14, 2012, to evaluate and characterize such research opportunities, and to generate suggestions and ideas about how best to proceed. The participants were asked to characterize the potential scientific opportunities that could be expected from collaborations between the US and Israel in computational neuroscience, and to discuss associated opportunities for training, applications, and other broader impacts, as well as practical considerations for maximizing success. Computational Neuroscience in the United States and Israel The computational research communities in the United States and Israel have both contributed significantly to the foundations of and advances in applying mathematical analysis and computational approaches to the study of neural circuits and behavior. This shared intellectual commitment has led to productive collaborations between US and Israeli researchers, and strong ties between a number of institutions in Israel and the US. These scientific collaborations are built on over 30 years of visits and joint publications and the results have been extremely influential. -
Neural Dynamics and the Geometry of Population Activity
Neural Dynamics and the Geometry of Population Activity Abigail A. Russo Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2019 © 2019 Abigail A. Russo All Rights Reserved Abstract Neural Dynamics and the Geometry of Population Activity Abigail A. Russo A growing body of research indicates that much of the brain’s computation is invisible from the activity of individual neurons, but instead instantiated via population-level dynamics. According to this ‘dynamical systems hypothesis’, population-level neural activity evolves according to underlying dynamics that are shaped by network connectivity. While these dynamics are not directly observable in empirical data, they can be inferred by studying the structure of population trajectories. Quantification of this structure, the ‘trajectory geometry’, can then guide thinking on the underlying computation. Alternatively, modeling neural populations as dynamical systems can predict trajectory geometries appropriate for particular tasks. This approach of characterizing and interpreting trajectory geometry is providing new insights in many cortical areas, including regions involved in motor control and areas that mediate cognitive processes such as decision-making. In this thesis, I advance the characterization of population structure by introducing hypothesis-guided metrics for the quantification of trajectory geometry. These metrics, trajectory tangling in primary motor cortex and trajectory divergence in the Supplementary Motor Area, abstract away from task- specific solutions and toward underlying computations and network constraints that drive trajectory geometry. Primate motor cortex (M1) projects to spinal interneurons and motoneurons, suggesting that motor cortex activity may be dominated by muscle-like commands. -
The IBRO Simons Computational Neuroscience Imbizo
IBRO Simons IBRO Simons Imbizo Imbizo 2019 The IBRO Simons Computational Neuroscience Imbizo Muizenberg, South Africa 2017 - 2019 im’bi-zo | Xhosa - Zulu A gathering of the people to share knowledge. HTTP://IMBIZO.AFRICA IN BRIEF, the Imbizo was conceived in 2016, to bring together and connect those interested in Neuroscience, Africa, and African Neuroscience. To share knowledge and create a pan-continental and international community of scientists. With the generous support from the Simons Foundation and the International Brain Research Organisation (IBRO), the Imbizo became a wild success. As a summer school for computational and systems neuroscience, it’s quickly becoming an established force in African Neuroscience. Here, we review and assess the first three years and discuss future plans. DIRECTORS Professor Peter Latham, Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, 25 Howland Street London W1T 4JG, United Kingdom, Email: [email protected] Dr Joseph Raimondo, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa, Email: [email protected] Professor Tim Vogels CNCB, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road Oxford University, OX1 3SR, United Kingdom, Email: [email protected] LOCAL ORGANIZERS Alexander Antrobus, Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, 25 Howland Street London W1T 4JG, United Kingdom, Email: [email protected] (2017) Jenni Jones, Pie Managment, 17 Riverside Rd., Pinelands, Cape Town Tel: +27 21 530 6060 Email: [email protected] -
Neuronal Ensembles Wednesday, May 5Th, 2021
Neuronal Ensembles Wednesday, May 5th, 2021 Hosted by the NeuroTechnology Center at Columbia University and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in collaboration with the Kavli Foundation Organized by Rafael Yuste and Emre Yaksi US Eastern Time European Time EDT (UTC -4) CEDT (UTC +2) Introduction 09:00 – 09:05 AM 15:00 – 15:05 Rafael Yuste (Kavli Institute for Brain Science) and Emre Yaksi (Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience) Introductory Remarks 09:05 – 09:15 AM 15:05 – 15:15 John Hopfield (Princeton University) Metaphor 09:15 – 09:50 AM 15:15 – 15:50 Moshe Abeles (Bar Ilan University) Opening Keynote Session 1 Development (Moderated by Rafael Yuste) 09:50 – 10:20 AM 15:50 – 16:20 Rosa Cossart (Inmed, France) From cortical ensembles to hippocampal assemblies 10:20 – 10:50 AM 16:20 – 16:50 Emre Yaksi (Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience) Function and development of habenular circuits in zebrafish brain 10:50 – 11:00 AM 16:50 – 17:00 Break Session 2 Sensory/Motor to Higher Order Computations (Moderated by Emre Yaksi) 11:00 – 11:30 AM 17:00 – 17:30 Edvard Moser (Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience) Network dynamics of entorhinal grid cells 11:30 – 12:00 PM 17:30 – 18:00 Gilles Laurent (Max Planck) Non-REM and REM sleep: mechanisms, dynamics, and evolution 12:00 – 12:30 PM 18:00 – 18:30 György Buzsáki (New York University) Neuronal Ensembles: a reader-dependent viewpoint 12:30 – 12:45 PM 18:30 – 18:45 Break US Eastern Time European Time EDT (UTC -4) CEDT (UTC +2) Session 3 Optogenetics (Moderated by Emre Yaksi) -
Learning Multiple Variable-Speed Sequences in Striatum Via Cortical Tutoring
Learning multiple variable-speed sequences in striatum via cortical tutoring James M. Murray and G. Sean Escola Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University May 5, 2017 Abstract Sparse, sequential patterns of neural activity have been observed in numerous brain areas during time- keeping and motor sequence tasks. Inspired by such observations, we construct a model of the striatum, an all-inhibitory circuit where sequential activity patterns are prominent, addressing the following key challenges: (i) obtaining control over temporal rescaling of the sequence speed, with the ability to gen- eralize to new speeds; (ii) facilitating flexible expression of distinct sequences via selective activation, concatenation, and recycling of specific subsequences; and (iii) enabling the biologically plausible learn- ing of sequences, consistent with the decoupling of learning and execution suggested by lesion studies showing that cortical circuits are necessary for learning, but that subcortical circuits are sufficient to drive learned behaviors. The same mechanisms that we describe can also be applied to circuits with both excitatory and inhibitory populations, and hence may underlie general features of sequential neural activity pattern generation in the brain. Introduction Understanding the mechanisms by which neural circuits learn and generate the complex, dynamic patterns of activity that underlie behavior and cognition remains a fundamental goal of neuroscience. Of particular interest are sparse sequential activity patterns that are time-locked to behavior and have been observed experimentally in multiple brain areas including cortex [1, 2, 3], basal ganglia [2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], hippocampus [9, 10, 11, 12], and songbird area HVC [13, 14]. These experiments reveal key features of the relationship to behavior that must be recapitulated in any circuit-level model of sequential neural activity. -
The IBRO Simons Computational Neuroscience Imbizo
The IBRO Simons Computational Neuroscience Imbizo 2017 Final Report im’bi-zo | Xhosa - Zulu A gathering of the people to share knowledge. HTTP://ISICNI.GATSBY.UCL.AC.UK DIRECTORS Professor Peter Latham, Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, 25 Howland Street London W1T 4JG, United Kingdom, Email: [email protected] Dr Joseph Raimondo, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa, Email: [email protected] Professor Tim Vogels CNCB, Tinsley Building, Mansfield Road Oxford University, OX1 3SR, United Kingdom, Email: [email protected] LOCAL ORGANIZERS Alexander Antrobus, Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, 25 Howland Street London W1T 4JG, United Kingdom, Email: [email protected] Jenni Jones, Pie Managment, 17 Riverside Rd., Pinelands, Cape Town Tel: +27 21 530 6060 Email: [email protected] SPONSORS Simons Foundation, 160 Fifth Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, New York 10010, USA International Brain Research Organisation (IBRO) & IBRO African Center for Advanced Training in Neurosciences at UCT, Faculty of Health Sciences, Anzio Rd, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa, 7925 Wellcome Trust, Gibbs Building, 215 Euston Road, London NW1 2BE, England Muizenberg, January 2017 Contents I The Imbizo Neurotheory in Africa . 9 Philosophy 9 Action 9 Course Structure . 11 Lectures and Projects 11 Week 1 - Neural anatomy and higher-order brain function . 11 Week 2 - Biophysics, plasticity & machine learning . 12 Week 3 - Network dynamics and spiking systems . 15 Extracurricular Activities 16 Students . 19 Origins 19 Gender and ethnicity 20 Levels of education 20 Student roster 20 Student Case Studies 23 Abib Duut . -
Gravitational Collapse and the Information Loss Problem
Gravitational Collapse and the Information Loss Problem Supervisors: Author: Dr. Amanda Weltman Alton Vanie Kesselly Prof. Charles Hellaby University of Cape Town A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Science Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University Of Cape Town The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University of Cape Town Declaration of Authorship I, Alton Vanie Kesselly, declare that this thesis titled, ‘Gravitational Collapse and the Information Loss Problem’ and the work presented in it are my own. I confirm that: • This work was done wholly or mainly while in candidature for the degree of Masters of Science by research at University of Cape Town. • Where any part of this thesis has previously been submitted for a degree or any other qualification at the University of Cape Town or any other institution, this has been clearly stated. • Where I have consulted the published work of others, this is always clearly at- tributed. • Where I have quoted from the work of others, the source is always given. With the exception of such quotations, this thesis is entirely my own work. • I have acknowledged all main sources of help. • Where the thesis is based on work done by myself jointly with others, I have made clear exactly what was done by others and what I have contributed myself. -
Program Book
Sixteenth Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting CNS*2007 July 7-12, 2007 Toronto, Ontario, Canada 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Meeting Overview…………………………………………………………… page 3 General Information………………………………………………………… page 4 Welcome and Acknowledgements………………………………………….. page 6 Talks and Schedule: Sunday July 8……..…..……………………………… page 10 Talks and Schedule: Monday July 9..………………………….……….….. page 11 Talks and Schedule: Tuesday July 10…..……………………………….…. page 12 Poster Listing (Sunday and Monday)………………………………….…… page 13 Workshops (July 11, 12)…………………………………………………….. page 29 Abstracts……………………………………………………………………... page 45 Restaurant Listing………………………………………………………….... page 280 Maps and Directions………………………………………………………… page 283 List of registered participants………………………………………………. page 291 Author Index ………………………………………………………………… page 297 2 Meeting Overview SATURDAY, JULY 7, 2007 5:00 pm – 7:30 pm Registration: by Lakeview room, 27th floor, 89 Chestnut 6:30 pm – 10:00 pm Reception: Lakeview room, 27th floor, 89 Chestnut SUNDAY, JULY 8, 2007 8:15 am Registration: by Ballroom, 2nd floor, 89 Chestnut 9.00 am Welcome by CNS president: Ranu Jung 9:10 am Invited Talk: André Longtin 10:10 am Break 10:40 am Oral Session 1: Synchronization and Oscillation Noon Lunch break: Program committee meeting 2:00 pm Oral Session 2: Information Coding 3:40 pm Funding Opportunities: Dennis Glanzman & Ken Whang 4:00 pm Dinner break 4:00 pm – 5:00 pm Board meeting 6:30 pm Poster Setup: Ballroom, 89 Chestnut 7:00 pm – 10:00 pm Poster session I: P1-P103: Ballroom, Cash bar, cheese -
The Role of Balanced Excitation and Inhibition in Cortical Circuits by Brendan K
The role of balanced excitation and inhibition in cortical circuits by Brendan K. Murphy DISSERTATION Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in BIOPHYSICS in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO UMI Number: 3289349 UMI Microform 3289349 Copyright 2008 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ii The role of balanced excitation and inhibition in cortical circuits Copyright c 2007 by Brendan K. Murphy iii For my family. iv Acknowledgments When I decided to go to graduate school, I could not have hoped for a better environment than the one I found at UCSF. This place is so full of great people, and I have received so much help given so openly that I can’t possibly thank everyone by name. Intellectually and scientifically, I have had some of the most exciting times of my life here, but also my fair share of frustration. I thank my wife Sarah for sharing my excitement about new ideas and for her support throughout. At times, I think she was just dragging me along, when I’d lost sight of the good parts of graduate school. She is also almost single-handedly responsible for the proper use of commas in everything I’ve written during my graduate career. I don’t know what I’d do without her. -
Surya Ganguli
Surya Ganguli Address Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University 318 Campus Drive Stanford, CA 94305-5447 [email protected] http://ganguli-gang.stanford.edu/~surya.html Biographic Data Born in Kolkata, India. Currently US citizen. Education University of California Berkeley Berkeley, CA Ph.D. Theoretical Physics, October 2004. Thesis: \Geometry from Algebra: The Holographic Emergence of Spacetime in String Theory" M.A. Mathematics, June 2004. M.A. Physics, December 2000. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA M.Eng. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, May 1998. B.S. Physics, May 1998. B.S. Mathematics, May 1998. B.S. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, May 1998. University High School Irvine, CA Graduated first in a class of 470 students at age 16, May 1993. Research Stanford University Stanford, CA Positions Department of Applied Physics, and by courtesy, Jan 12 to present Department of Neurobiology Department of Computer Science Department of Electrical Engineering Associate Professor with tenure, Jan 2020-present Assistant Professor, Jan 2012-Dec 2019 Google Mountain View, CA Google Brain Deep Learning Team Feb 17 to Mar 20 Visiting Research Professor, 1 day a week. University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, CA Sloan-Swartz Center for Theoretical Neurobiology Sept 04 to Jan 12 Postdoctoral Fellow. Conducted theoretical neuroscience research. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Berkeley, CA Theory Group Sept 02 to Sept 04 Graduate student. Conducted string theory research; thesis advisor: Prof. Petr Horava. MIT Department of Physics Cambridge, MA Center for Theoretical Physics January 97 to June 98 Studied the Wigner-Weyl representation of quantum mechanics. Discovered new admissibility conditions satisfied by all Wigner distributions. -
Annual Report for the Fiscal Year July 1, 1981
-^!ll The Institute for Advanced Si Annual Report 1981/82 The Institute for Advanced Study Annual Report for the Fiscal Year July 1, 1981-June 30, 1982 SCIENCE LtBRARY HISTORICAL STUDIES - SOCIAL ADVAHCEO STUDY THE INSTITUTE FOR 085AO PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY The Institute for Advanced Study Olden Lane Princeton, New Jersey 08540 U.S.A. Printed by Princeton University Press Designed by Bruce Campbell It is fundamental to our purpose, and our Extract from the letter addressed by the express desire, that in the appointments to Founders to the Institute's Trustees, the staff and faculty, as well as in the dated June 6, 1930, Newark, New admission of workers and students, no Jersey. account shall be taken, directly or indirectly, of race, religion or sex. We feel strongly that the spirit characteristic of America at its noblest, above all, the pursuit of higher learning, cannot admit of any conditions as to personnel other than those designed to promote the objects for which this institution is established, and particularly with no regard whatever to accidents of race, creed or sex. 9J^~^3^ Table of Contents Trustees and Officers 9 Administration 10 The Institute for Advanced Study: Background and Purpose 11 Report of the Chairman 13 Report of the Director 15 Reports of the Schools 19 School of Historical Studies 21 School of Mathematics 31 School of Natural Sciences 41 School of Social Science 55 Record of Events, 1981-82 61 Report of the Treasurer 101 Donors 110 Founders Caroline Bamberger Fuld Louis Bamberger Board of Trustees Daniel Bell James R. -
Nancy Kopell
BK-SFN-HON_V9-160105-Kopell.indd 220 5/6/2016 4:13:18 PM Nancy Kopell BORN: New York City, New York November 8, 1942 EDUCATION: Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, BA (1963) University of California, Berkeley, MA (1965) University of California, Berkeley, PhD (1967) APPOINTMENTS: C.L.E. Moore Instructor of Mathematics, M.I.T. (1967–1969) Assistant Professor of Mathematics, Northeastern University (1969–1972) Associate Professor of Mathematics, Northeastern University (1972–1978) Professor of Mathematics, Northeastern University (1978–1986) Professor of Mathematics, Boston University (1986–present) William Goodwin Aurelio Professor of Mathematics and Science, Boston University (2000–2009) William Fairfield Warren Distinguished Professor, Boston University (2009–present) HONORS AND AWARD (SELECTED): Mathematical Neuroscience Prize, Israel Brain Technologies, 2015 Moser Prize Lecture, SIAM Annual Meeting, Snowbird, 2013 Elected to Honorary Membership of London Mathematical Society (one or two such awarded worldwide each year), 2011 SIAM Fellow, 2009 Massachusetts Academy of Sciences, Fellow, 2008 Von Neumann Prize/Lecture, SIAM Annual Meeting, Zurich, 2007 Weldon Memorial Prize, Oxford University, 2006 Honorary Doctorate, New Jersey Institute of Technology, May 2006 H. Dudley Wright Prize, Harvey Mudd College, 2001 Josiah Willard Gibbs Lecturer, Annual Meeting of the AMS, San Antonio, 1999 Elected to National Academy of Sciences, 1996 Elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1996 John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Fellow, 1990–1995 J. S. Guggenheim Fellowship, 1984–1985 Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, 1975–1977 Nancy Kopell has been a pioneer in the analysis of networks of oscillators and applications to areas of chemistry and biology. Trained in pure mathematics, she switched to applied math shortly after receiving her degree and has focused mainly on neuroscience for the last three decades.