OSDMA Initiatives in Disaster Risk Redcution using Earth Observation Data History of Disasters

Year Calamity 2004 Floods 2005 Floods 1996 Drought 2006 Floods 1997 Drought 2007 Floods 1998 Drought, Heat wave 2008 Floods 2009 Flood & Drought 1999 Super Cyclone 2010 Flood & Drought 2000 Drought 2011 Flood 2001 Floods 2013 Cyclone & Flood 2002 Drought 2014 Cyclone 2003 Floods

During 1996-2014, has experienced • 11 years of flood, • 7 years of drought • 3 years of cyclone (super cyclone of 1999, Phailin 2013 and Hudhud 2014) Post super cyclone Preparedness initiatives

• Institutionalisation of disaster management • Multi layer Communication system • Multi-purpose cyclone and flood shelters • Specialized response forces • Policy Planning initiatives • Capacity building • Community Based Disaster Management • Application of technology in DM Institutional Mechanism for DM

Space based Support State Disaster Management Policy and planning Authority ( SDMA) NRSC State Executive Preparedness and Committee ( SEC) Response IMD

Revenue & DM Department Administration ORSAC

Odisha State Disaster Special Relief Organization Management Authority (OSDMA) (Relief, Restoration & Rehabilitation) (Planning, Preparedness & Prevention)

District Disaster Management Authority

Block

Gram Panchayat

Village COMMUNICATION

• Multi-layer communication system • State EOC and District EOCs • 1077 and 1070 toll free numbers • Presently, civil VHF network and old sat phones dispensed with due to maintenance problems and technological development • Communication system shifted from terrestrial to satellite based system. • 58 INMARSAT Isat 2 satellite phones provided to all Collectors, SEOC and other others • About 200 licensed HAM volunteers • HAM stations being set up in ODRAF and Fire service units.

Shelters

• 23 shelters of Indian Red Cross existing before 1999 • 97 MCS constructed with WB and CMRF support • 38 MCS constructed under PMNRF • Shelter buildings handed over to CSMMC • 32 types of equipment provided to CSMMC • Task Force members trained in all shelters

Sl.No Name of the Items No of Units Responding to Disasters 1 Power Saw 899 ODRAF, Fire Service, Civil Defence 2 Hydra 12 Crane 8 3 Inflatable Rubber Boat with40 HP OBM(2 Stroke) 230 4 Inflatable Rubber Boat 25 5 Pay loader cum Excavator 5 6 Recovery Van/ Wreckage Crane 5 7 Inflatable Tower Light with Generator 1254 8 TATA 407 Hard Top 4 X4 10 9 5 KVA Diesel Generator 165 10 10KVA Generator 10 11 TATA Truck-1212 SA 12 12 Ambulance(M&M FJ 460BP-4WD 1 13 Ambulance(TATA-407) 5 14 Diving set 12 set • 10 ODRAF units set up 15 Tractor with Trailer 2 16 Submersible Pump 15 • 10 more Units are being set up 17 Fork lift-3Ton 6 • 279 FS units presently functioning 18 Hydraulic Combitool 14 19 125KVA Truck Mounted Generator 5 • 258 out of 314 blocks covered 20 RCC Cutting Chain Saw 5 • 56 more FSs to be set up for uncovered 21 Hydraulic Spreader 14 22 Telescopic Ramjack 14 blocks. 23 Hydraulic power shore with extension 5 24 Hydraulic Cutter 14 • After all 314 blocks are covered there will 25 Bullet Chain saw 20 be 335 FSs in the state, highest in the 26 TATA-207-DI 8 27 Break down vehicle crane 5 country. 28 Hydraulic cutter Spreader, Combitool, Ramjack, 5 SET Capacity Building & Mock drill • Extensive capacity building programmes • Skill matrix based capacity building for ODRAF and Fire service personnel • Shelters level mock drills on 19th June every year • Response drill in the eve of approaching cyclone. • Joint mock drill of ODRAF with stakeholders like NDRF, State Fire Service, East Coast Railway (ECoR) • Tsunami mock drill conducted on 26th Sept 2015 in 328 coastal villages

Preparedness

24X7 State Emergency Operation

State EOC Center & District EOC Multipur- 427 Multipurpose Cyclone/flood pose Odisha Cyclone / Disaster Shelters Flood Rapid Shelter Action Force 452 more shelters under construction 10 units of Disaster Rapid Action Force

(ODRAF). 10 more being setup Fire Service Emerge- Preparedness & Civil ncy Defense Fire Service Unit in each block Equipment Community based disaster preparedness

National Training and capacity building Last Mile Disaster Connec- Response tivity force Annual Mock Drill Training and Capacity Building Disaster Management Plans at State/District/Department/Block/village Space based information for DM

 Cyclone information from satellite data  Remote Sensing data from NRSC  Tsunami information from INCOIS, MoES  Heat wave data from IMD  Forest fire data from NRSC  Drought monitoring from NADAMS  National Database for Emergency Management (NDEM) Space Enabled Decision Support System

Cyclone Phailin Tracking

 Cyclone Tracking Based on Inputs of IMD  Flood information from NRSC, ISRO  Data from Bhuvan Portal of ISRO  Relief and Response activities using the flood inundation layers of ISRO

 Air dropping operation Space enabled Decision Support System  GIS based Decision Support System  Hazard mapping  Damage information Air dropping Operation Flood Inundation Information

The flood inundation maps from satellite data are sent by NRSC, ISRO, Hyderabad during floods

The flood inundation layers are Flood Inundation Map from NRSC- superimposed on village database in 2011 Flood GIS platform

The data were extensively used as Decision Support System and pinpoint air dropping operation during floods in 2007, 2008 and 2011

Activities based on space based inputs

 Flood hazard mapping of Odisha using satellite data by NRSC, Hyderabad

 Assessment of flood prone area in Brahmani and Baitarani Basin

 Cyclone Hazard vulnerability study under National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project (NCRMP)

 Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Assessment of different districts under UNDP Projects

Geographic Information System (GIS)

An independent GIS Cell has been set up in OSDMA to function as a Decision Support System for effective management of disasters.

 Development of GIS database for the state for DM  Weather Monitoring  Air Dropping Operation  Vulnerability Mapping

 Environmental Monitoring for project implementation  Project planning and execution (NCRMP, ODRP, ICZMP & CMRF)  Post disaster application like damage assessment

Digital database developed from Satellite data for DM Odisha Space Application Center (ORSAC) has following databases for development administration usable for disaster management.

 Development of seamless mosaic of cadastral database for the entire state  Generation of seamless Ortho-rectified satellite image(CARTOSAT-1-2.5 mt. spatial resolution) for entire state  Network of Ground Control Points for precise digital survey in 9 districts  Development of database for road infrastructure  Database on Social infrastructure  Database on Settlement spread and locations  Database on Fire stations/ Police stations  Web hosting of digital database in Odisha Sampad Earth observation in disaster response and Decision Support System

Flood Inundated Areas in part of District, Orissa Based on the Analysis of Radarsat data of 8th – 12th July 2007 Source: DSC, NRSA

Flood Inundated Areas Persistent Inundation during 8th – 12th July 2007 Inundation recession during 8th - 12th July 2007 River discharge- Subarnarekha

Date Danger level at HFL Discharge in Discharge in Rajghat in metres cusec cumec

05.07.07 8.55 28997 933.77 06.07.07 12.38 349529 9891.68 10.36 m 07.07.07 12.38 349529 9891.68

08.07.07 12.16 262877 7439.41 09.07.07 10.73 113601 3214.91

N Jharkhand

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. Composed and Printed at R S# Ka lime la b Spatial Planning & Analysis Research Centre (P) Ltd. a l o HIG-19, New BDA Colony K . Gangadharmeher Nagar, Jaydev Vihar, Bhubaneswar R ru Ph: (0674) 2 30 32 30 / 31, Web: www.sparcindia.com ile S Andhra Pradesh

The Commanding Officer of 128 HU Unit of the Indian Air Force conveyed his appreciation for accurate use of technology as follows: • “The flood relief operation was carried out from 8th July to 11th July, 2007 by the Siachen Tigers with assistance from OSDMA officials in an extremely professional manner. I wish to put it on record that the team under your able guidance was highly motivated and worked beyond the call of duty in carrying out this humanitarian task. This joint operation owes its success to all the members in joining their hands together in earnest and developing an implausible bonding which enabled the operations to be carried out with great zeal and enthusiasm. The use of modern technology for executing this work was one of its kinds in the entire nation.”

September 2008 GIS based Decision Support System (DSS) for management of Mahanadi floods

Managing Cyclone Phailin 12th Oct 2013 -a case study Phailin and floods Phase-II floods Districts affected 19 13 Blocks affected 179 105 Gram Panchayats affected 2164 1517 Villages affected 18,374 10,722 ULBs affected 48 19 Population affected 1.32 crore 81 lakh Population evacuated (cyclone & 9,83,642 + 1,91,310 flood) 1,71,083 Crop area Affected 11 lakh ha. 2.50 lakh ha. Crop loss is >50% 6.52 lakh ha. 1.31 ha. Houses Damaged 5.41 lakh 4.07 lakh 32 Managing Cyclone Phailin 12th Oct 2013: Mission ZERO Casualty -a case study • 18,374 villages in 179 blocks and 48 ULBs in 19 districts affected • 5.4 lakh houses damaged, 1.3 crore people affected • Complete evacuation of 9,83,642 people within 5 km of coast and adjacent to rivers up to 20 km upstream from mouth in 36 hours • Section 34 (C) of DM Act 2005 invoked empowering District Administration to use force for evacuation • 4197 Free Kitchen centers opened from the night of 10th October 2013 for the evacuated people. • Shelters were geared up with food materials, fuel, equipment • Cattle population also shifted to safety and cattle feed/ fodder arranged

33 Gearing up preparedness

• Early preparedness & continuous monitoring of the cyclone on GIS platform with space based inputs • Daily inter-dept. coordination meetings followed by Review meeting by Hon’ble CM • 14 key Departments identified with Departmental SOPs • GIS based prepositioning of 10 units of ODRAF, 28 units of NDRF, 12 units of CRPF and 10 platoons of OSAP • Shelter level mock drills conducted on 10.10.2013 and all equipment in cyclone shelters test-checked • 350 teams consisting of Fire Service personnel, Home Guards and Civil Defence volunteers deployed • 300 personnel of Indian Army divided into 4 groups deployed in strategic locations

34

Attributes to the success

1. Accurate early warning by IMD 2. Use of Space based inputs from NRSC/ ORSAC 3. Effective early warning communication 4. Robust Telecommunication System (satellite phone provided by MHA/NDMA) 5. Continuous Govt. public interface through media 6. Prepositioning of men, material & equipment 7. Massive evacuation of people and livestock 8. Adequate preparedness at shelter level 9. Involving CBOs and NGOs 10. Keeping power back up at essential services 11. Continuous monitoring

35 Earth observation in project designing and implementation SALINE EMBANKMENT KHAIRNAL TO PALIABANDHA VILLAGE, DIST. SALINE EMBANKMENT KHAIRNAL TO PALIABANDHA VILLAGE, GANJAM DIST. KANTIAGARH

CYCLONE SHELTER CHANDRABHAGA PROJECT SITE Identification and prioritization of vulnerable locations for cyclone shelters and flood shelters Earth observation in environmental screening and implementation of projects in CRZ areas. Methodology of Environmental Screening for NCRMP  Collection of GPS readings of the sites  Positioning of sites in GIS data layers  Creation of 1 km buffer line of site  Site checking for environmentally sensitive areas based on the forest and other thematic layers in GIS environment  CRZ mapping of sites based on the ORSAC maps  Interpretation of sensitive areas with respect to the sites from Survey of maps and satellite images  Field visit of sites for confirmation  Determine the requirement of an EIA study & its scope and other applicable rules /regulations and clearances Gothadiha MCS site Basta block Balasore district Environmental screening and identification of environment

Baharbramattar Agatmala Raipur sensitive site using GIS databaseNischintapur for NCRMP & ICZMP Jaleswarpur

Sahara(Sahada) Kainagari Dubulia

Bahariachak Asti

Pahana Bhittarbramatar

Chhatara Jhinkiria

Panasa Baniadiha 1 km Gothadiha Gotadiha Bhanopur Sankhua

Agarpada Trailuki Balabudhi

Indipada Talanendua

Bulang Kudali(Kundali) Ratanpal Sipura

Mahapada

Sartha Teluni Gumunda Gobindapur

Bisikadeipur Coastal Regulation Zone Mapping of project sites of NCRMP & ICZMP

Patsundarpur village, Puri District

The CRZ line from the river bank is 150m as depicted from CRZ map Distance between site and river 52.5m as per the GPS reading

DEVI RIVER

CRZ-III LINE 210 m

ORSAC CRZ Map

PATSUNDARPUR VILLAGE CRZ mapping of Kharinala to Pallibandha saline embankment (Ganjam Dist.) Flood Scenario Derived from Satellite data of parts of Orissa State

Mayurbhanj

Mayurbhanj Kendhujhar Balasore Bhadrak

Balasore Jajpur Kendhujhar Bhadrak BAY Denkanal FLOOD FLOOD INUNDATION  OF INUNDATION  Bhadrak BENGAL Jajpur Denkanal Jajpur Cuttack BAY OF Cuttack Kendrapara BENGAL Jagatsinghpur Kendrapara Khurda Khurda Jagatsinghpur Puri Puri INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PROJECT CRZ MAP OF SAMALANASI SITE, GANJAM DISTRICT

Proposed MCS Site at Samalanasi

Earth observation in tropical cyclone monitoring Earth observation in cyclone monitoring

Cyclone Nargis Prediction of Cyclone Mahasen

JTWC Track

IMD Track Future Needs for DM-1

• Rainfall data, surface run-off and drainage basin mapping be made on a GIS platform, to enable accurate inundation modelling/forecasting, for effective management of flood. • State Govt. urges that DEM and sub-meter contour data may be made available free of cost. • MoWR, NDMA, NRSC, CWC, IMD, Survey of India, and Registrar General of India may integrate their data bases and share it with the State Governments. • A GIS based communication tool needs to be developed in the pattern of ‘National Disaster Communication Network’ mentioned in NDMA guidelines for use by the State Governments. Future needs for DM-2

. Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (HRVA) of the entire state using Remote Sensing and GIS . Flood modeling and assessment . Observatories for monitoring Climate Change . Development of Odisha Spatial Data Infrastructure (OSDI) enabling linkages to all spatial data of State . Underground Cable based connectivity from block to village level • Secure network of satellite phones for fail-safe communication during disasters. • Space Based Applications for Disaster Management taken as theme for Odisha Disaster Preparedness Day observed on 29th Oct. 2015 thank you