Data Provenance: What Next?
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Digital Preservation Workflows for Museum Imaging Environments
The 11th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage VAST (2010) A. Artusi, M. Joly, D. Pitzalis, G. Lucet, and A. Ribes (Editors) Digital preservation workflows for museum imaging environments Michael Ashley1 1 Cultural Heritage Imaging, San Francisco, California, USA From: Principles and Practices of Robust, Photography-based Digital Imaging Techniques for Museums. Contributors: Mark Mudge, Carla Schroer, Graeme Earl, Kirk Martinez, Hembo Pagi, Corey Toler-Franklin, Szymon Rusinkiewicz, Gianpaolo Palma, Melvin Wachowiak, Michael Ashley, Neffra Matthews, Tommy Noble, Matteo Dellepiane. Edited by Mark Mudge and Carla Schroer, Cultural Heritage Imaging. The 11th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage VAST (2010) A. Artusi, M. Joly, D. Pitzalis, G. Lucet, and A. Ribes (Editors) This is a pre-print copy of a paper that is currently under review. Please respect the intellectual property of the authors and the efforts of the publishers and reviewers until its publication. If you find any errors that need modification please contact the author at [email protected]. Meanwhile this pdf is distributed to interested readers under a Creative Commons 3.0 license. M. Ashley / Digital Preservation Workflows For Museum Imaging Environments Digital preservation workflows for museum imaging environments Michael Ashley1 1 Cultural Heritage Imaging, San Francisco, California, USA Abstract We discuss and demonstrate practical digital preservation frameworks that protect images throughout the entire production life-cycle. Using off the shelf and open source software coupled with a basic understanding of metadata, it is possible to produce and manage high value digital representations of physical objects that are born archive- ready and long-term sustainable. -
Introducticn Tc Ccnservoticn
introducticntc ccnservoticn UNITED NATTONSEDUCATIONA],, SCIEIilIIFTC AND CULTIJRALOROANIZATTOII AN INIRODUCTION TO CONSERYATIOI{ OF CULTURAT PROPMTY by Berr:ar"d M. Feilden Director of the Internatlonal Centre for the Preservatlon and Restoratlon of Cultural Property, Rome Aprll, L979 (cc-ig/ws/ttt+) - CONTENTS Page Preface 2 Acknowledgements Introduction 3 Chapter* I Introductory Concepts 6 Chapter II Cultural Property - Agents of Deterioration and Loss . 11 Chapter III The Principles of Conservation 21 Chapter IV The Conservation of Movable Property - Museums and Conservation . 29 Chapter V The Conservation of Historic Buildings and Urban Conservation 36 Conclusions ............... kk Appendix 1 Component Materials of Cultural Property . kj Appendix 2 Access of Water 53 Appendix 3 Intergovernmental and Non-Governmental International Agencies for Conservation 55 Appendix k The Conservator/Restorer: A Definition of the Profession .................. 6? Glossary 71 Selected Bibliography , 71*. AUTHOR'S PREFACE Some may say that the attempt to Introduce the whole subject of Conservation of Cultural Propety Is too ambitious, but actually someone has to undertake this task and it fell to my lot as Director of the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cxiltural Property (ICCROM). An introduction to conservation such as this has difficulties in striking the right balance between all the disciplines involved. The writer is an architect and, therefore, a generalist having contact with both the arts and sciences. In such a rapidly developing field as conservation no written statement can be regarded as definite. This booklet should only be taken as a basis for further discussions. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In writing anything with such a wide scope as this booklet, any author needs help and constructive comments. -
Selection in Web Archives: the Value of Archival Best Practices
WITTENBERG: SELECTION IN WEB ARCHIVES Selection in Web Archives: The Value of Archival Best Practices Jamie Wittenberg, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States of America Abstract: The abundance of valuable material available online has mobilized the development of preservation initiatives at collecting institutions that aim to capture and contextualize web content. Web archiving selection criteria are driven by the limitations inherent in harvesting technologies. Observing core archival principles like provenance and original order when establishing collection development policies for web content will help to ensure that archives continue to assure the authenticity of the materials they steward. Keywords: Web Archives; Archival Theory; Digital Libraries; Internet Content; Selection and Appraisal Introduction The abundance of valuable material available online has mobilized the development of preservation initiatives at collecting institutions that aim to capture and contextualize web content. Methodologies for web collection practices are institution and collection-specific. Among institutions charged with preserving cultural heritage, web archiving has become commonplace. However, the disparity between institutional selection and appraisal criteria reveals the absence of standardization for web archive establishment. The Australian web archive, for example, accessions content that it evaluates as having long-term research value. The Library of Congress web archive, represented by its Minerva team, established a collection -
Are We Losing Our Ability to Think Critically?
news Society | DOI:10.1145/1538788.1538796 Samuel Greengard Are We Losing Our Ability to Think Critically? Computer technology has enhanced lives in countless ways, but some experts believe it might be affecting people’s ability to think deeply. OCIETY HAS LONG cherished technology alters the way we see, hear, the ability to think beyond and assimilate our world—the act of the ordinary. In a world thinking remains decidedly human. where knowledge is revered and innovation equals Rethinking Thinking Sprogress, those able to bring forth Arriving at a clear definition for criti- greater insight and understanding are cal thinking is a bit tricky. Wikipedia destined to make their mark and blaze describes it as “purposeful and reflec- a trail to greater enlightenment. tive judgment about what to believe or “Critical thinking as an attitude is what to do in response to observations, embedded in Western culture. There experience, verbal or written expres- is a belief that argument is the way to sions, or arguments.” Overlay technolo- finding truth,” observes Adrian West, gy and that’s where things get complex. research director at the Edward de For better or worse, exposure to technology “We can do the same critical-reasoning Bono Foundation U.K., and a former fundamentally changes how people think. operations without technology as we computer science lecturer at the Uni- can with it—just at different speeds and versity of Manchester. “Developing our formation can easily overwhelm our with different ease,” West says. abilities to think more clearly, richly, reasoning abilities.” What’s more, What’s more, while it’s tempting fully—individually and collectively— it’s ironic that ever-growing piles of to view computers, video games, and is absolutely crucial [to solving world data and information do not equate the Internet in a monolithic good or problems].” to greater knowledge and better de- bad way, the reality is that they may To be sure, history is filled with tales cision-making. -
2016 Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Cultural Heritage Materials
September 2016 Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Cultural Heritage Materials Creation of Raster Image Files i Document Information Title Editor Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Cultural Heritage Materials: Thomas Rieger Creation of Raster Image Files Document Type Technical Guidelines Publication Date September 2016 Source Documents Title Editors Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Cultural Heritage Materials: Don Williams and Michael Creation of Raster Image Master Files Stelmach http://www.digitizationguidelines.gov/guidelines/FADGI_Still_Image- Tech_Guidelines_2010-08-24.pdf Document Type Technical Guidelines Publication Date August 2010 Title Author s Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Archival Records for Electronic Steven Puglia, Jeffrey Reed, and Access: Creation of Production Master Files – Raster Images Erin Rhodes http://www.archives.gov/preservation/technical/guidelines.pdf U.S. National Archives and Records Administration Document Type Technical Guidelines Publication Date June 2004 This work is available for worldwide use and reuse under CC0 1.0 Universal. ii Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 7 SCOPE .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 THE FADGI STAR SYSTEM ....................................................................................................................... -
Art Deaccessioning Policy
Deaccessioning Policy Document No. CUR 4.0 – Deaccessioning Policy Page 1 Approved: December 2020 Approved by: National Gallery of Australia Council next review due: December 2022 Summary Name of Policy Description of Policy Deaccessioning Policy Policy applies to ☒ NGA wide ☐ Specific (eg. Department) Policy Status ☐ New policy ☒ Revision of Existing Policy (previously Art Acquisition Policy) Approval Authority Director Responsible Officer Assistant Director, Artistic Programs Contact area Artistic Programs Date of Policy Review* October 2022 Related Policies, Procedures, National Gallery Act 1975 Guidelines and Local Protocols Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013 Council Instructions including Financial Delegations Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural Rights and Engagement Policy Due Diligence and Provenance Policy Acquisitions Policy Research Library Collection Development Policy Research Archive Acquisition Policy The Copyright Act 1968 The Privacy Act 1988 Privacy Policy Australian Best Practice Guide to Collecting Cultural Material 2015 Collections Law: Legal issues for Australian Archives, Galleries, Libraries and Museums *Unless otherwise indicated, this policy will still apply beyond the review date. Approvals Position Name Endorsed Date Assistant Director Natasha Bullock Yes Director Nick Mitzevich Yes Council Ryan Stokes Yes Document No. CUR 4.0 – Deaccessioning Policy Page 2 Approved: December 2020 Approved by: National Gallery of Australia Council next review due: December 2022 Table of contents -
Autumn 2Copy2:First Draft.Qxd
news THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH ISSUE 26 AUTUMN/WINTER 2009 RESOURCE THE NEWSLETTER OF SCOTLAND’ S NATIONAL ACADEMY SCOTLAND’S RESEARCH TALENT In September 2009 over 70 researchers, mostly in the early stages of their careers, were invited to attend the RSE Annual Research Awards Ceremony. The Awards were presented by RSE President, Lord Wilson of Tillyorn, KT GCMG and Professor Alan Miller, RSE Research Awards Convener. Former BP Research Fellow, Professor Miles Padgett, (pictured below right) who held his Fellowship at the University of St Andrews between 1993 and 1995, also addressed the meeting. Professor Padgett now holds a personal Chair in Physics and is head of the Optics Group at the University of Glasgow. He was elected to the Fellowship of the RSE in 2001 and served as Young People’s Convener from 2005 to 2008, remaining an active member of that programme today. Lord Wilson is pictured with Dr Sinead Rhodes from the Department of Psychology, University of St Andrews whose research proposal was granted a small project fund in the Scottish Crucible programme. Full details of all the awards can be found inside. International Links Climate Change Debate Education Programme Scotland’s Research Talent Lessells Travel Scholarships Cormack Vacation Piazzi Smyth Bequest Dr Spela Ivekovic Scholarships Research Scholarship School of Computing, University of Dundee Dominic Lawson James Henderson Swarm Intelligence and Projective Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics, Geometry for Computer Vision University of Glasgow -
The Best Nurturers in Computer Science Research
The Best Nurturers in Computer Science Research Bharath Kumar M. Y. N. Srikant IISc-CSA-TR-2004-10 http://archive.csa.iisc.ernet.in/TR/2004/10/ Computer Science and Automation Indian Institute of Science, India October 2004 The Best Nurturers in Computer Science Research Bharath Kumar M.∗ Y. N. Srikant† Abstract The paper presents a heuristic for mining nurturers in temporally organized collaboration networks: people who facilitate the growth and success of the young ones. Specifically, this heuristic is applied to the computer science bibliographic data to find the best nurturers in computer science research. The measure of success is parameterized, and the paper demonstrates experiments and results with publication count and citations as success metrics. Rather than just the nurturer’s success, the heuristic captures the influence he has had in the indepen- dent success of the relatively young in the network. These results can hence be a useful resource to graduate students and post-doctoral can- didates. The heuristic is extended to accurately yield ranked nurturers inside a particular time period. Interestingly, there is a recognizable deviation between the rankings of the most successful researchers and the best nurturers, which although is obvious from a social perspective has not been statistically demonstrated. Keywords: Social Network Analysis, Bibliometrics, Temporal Data Mining. 1 Introduction Consider a student Arjun, who has finished his under-graduate degree in Computer Science, and is seeking a PhD degree followed by a successful career in Computer Science research. How does he choose his research advisor? He has the following options with him: 1. Look up the rankings of various universities [1], and apply to any “rea- sonably good” professor in any of the top universities. -
Provenance in Digital Collections, Margo Seltzer
Provenance in Digital Collections Margo Seltzer Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences September 20, 2012 Provenance: Special Metadata • From the French word for “source” or “origin” • The complete history or lineage of a object • In the art world, provenance documents the chain of ownership of an artifact. • In the digital world, provenance records: – The process that created an artifact – The transformations applied to an artifact – The human and computational agents that operated upon an artifact – Open question: sufficient information to reproduce the artifact? Designing Storage Architectures: 9/20/12 2 Example: Art Designing Storage Architectures: 9/20/12 3 Example: Art with Provenance Provenance < 1662 Simon de Vos, Antwerp (possibly) by 1662 Guilliam I Forchoudt, Antwerp (possibly) to 1747 Jacques de Roore, The Hague 1747 - 1771 Anthonis de Groot and Stephanus de Groot, The Hague 1771 - ? Abelsz to 1779 Jacques Clemens to 1798 Supertini and Platina, Brussels to 1814 Pauwels, Brussels to 1822 Robert Saint-Victor, Paris 1822 - ? Roux to 1924 Marquise d'Aoust, France 1924 Galerie Georges Petit, Paris to 1940 Federico Gentili di Giuseppe, died 1940, Paris 1940 - 1950 Mrs. A. Salem, Boston (Mr. Gentili di Giuseppe's daughter ) 1950 - 1954 Frederick Mont and Newhouse Galleries, New York 1954 - 1961 Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York 12/09/1961 Seattle Art Museum Designing Storage Architectures: 9/20/12 4 Example: Data with Provenance Meleana e From the Library of Congress National Jukebox From the page: Musical Group: Irene West Royal Hawaiians Label Name/Number: Victo 17864 Matrix Number/Take Number: B‐15530/2 Recording Date: 12/19/1914 Location: Camden, NJ Size: 10” From http://www.loc.gov/jukebox/about/making‐the‐jukebox: “A slip that provides the elements of the filename of the digital copy is inserted in the sleeve of each selected disc: institution/collection code, label name, label number, disc copy, matrix number, and take number are all noted on the slip. -
Curating the CIA World Factbook 29 the International Journal of Digital Curation Issue 3, Volume 4 | 2009
Curating the CIA World Factbook 29 The International Journal of Digital Curation Issue 3, Volume 4 | 2009 Curating the CIA World Factbook Peter Buneman, Heiko Müller, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh Chris Rusbridge, Digital Curation Centre, University of Edinburgh Abstract The CIA World Factbook is a prime example of a curated database – a database that is constructed and maintained with a great deal of human effort in collecting, verifying, and annotating data. Preservation of old versions of the Factbook is important for verification of citations; it is also essential for anyone interested in the history of the data such as demographic change. Although the Factbook has been published, both physically and electronically, only for the past 30 years, we appear in danger of losing this history. This paper investigates the issues involved in capturing the history of an evolving database and its application to the CIA World Factbook. In particular it shows that there is substantial added value to be gained by preserving databases in such a way that questions about the change in data, (longitudinal queries) can be readily answered. Within this paper, we describe techniques for recording change in a curated database and we describe novel techniques for querying the change. Using the example of this archived curated database, we discuss the extent to which the accepted practices and terminology of archiving, curation and digital preservation apply to this important class of digital artefacts.1 1 This paper is based on the paper given by the authors at the 5th International Digital Curation Conference, December 2009; received November 2009, published December 2009. -
Provenance: What Is It and Why Do We Care?
Provenance: What is it and why do we care? What is it? PROVENANCE: “The pedigree of a book’s previous ownership. This may be clearly marked by the owner’s name, arms, bookplate, or evidence in the book itself; or it may have to be pieced together from such outside sources as auction records or booksellers’ catalogues.” --John Carter, ABC for Book Collectors (Oak Knoll Press, 1998) Why do we care? “Recorded ownership in a particular book at a particular time can tell us something about both owner and text; it can allow us to make deductions about the tastes, intellectual abilities or financial means of the owner, and it can show the reception of the text at different periods of history. If the book is annotated, we can see further into that world of private relationship between reader and text, and the impact of books in their contemporary contexts.” --David Pearson, Books as History (British Library, 2008) What are the common types of provenance? “There are numerous ways in which people have left traces of their ownership in books; they have written their names on the title page, they have pasted in printed bookplates, they have put their names or arms on the binding, they have used codes and mottos.” --David Pearson, Books as History (British Library, 2008) How do we explore? Each copy of a particular title has its own history. If a book, such as Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, is published in 1776, then each surviving individual copy of that work has its own 240- plus year history. -
Curator: Provenance Management for Modern Distributed Systems
Curator: Provenance Management for Modern Distributed Systems∗† Warren Smith Thomas Moyer Charles Munson The Weather Company, an IBM MIT Lincoln Laboratory Business UNC Charlotte Secure Resilient Systems and Andover, MA, USA Software and Information Systems Technology Charlotte, NC, USA Lexington, MA, USA Abstract systems have focused on the collection and usage of prove- Data provenance is a valuable tool for protecting and trou- nance data, often with the analysis occurring on the same bleshooting distributed systems. Careful design of the prove- system that collected the provenance. While this works well nance components reduces the impact on the design, im- for applications running on a single host, it quickly breaks plementation, and operation of the distributed system. In down on distributed systems. this paper, we present Curator, a provenance management In systems that have considered provenance for distributed toolkit that can be easily integrated with microservice-based systems, the proposed architectures treat provenance as systems and other modern distributed systems. This paper unique from other sources of metadata, such as log and au- describes the design of Curator and discusses how we have dit data. This requires users of provenance to build entire used Curator to add provenance to distributed systems. We infrastructures to manage the provenance data, increasing find that our approach results in no changes to the design the complexity of the application and system. This increased of these distributed systems and minimal additional code complexity can also increase the attack surface of the appli- and dependencies to manage. In addition, Curator uses the cation, negating the security benefits of adding provenance same scalable infrastructure as the distributed system and to a system.