DeHavilland EU

Bulgaria Presidency Briefing January - June 2018 Welcome As of 1 January 2018, has taken over the Presidency of the Council of the EU from Estonia.

Over the next six months, the Balkan nation will chair the meetings of the Council, mediate between the Council and Parliament, and help steer the direction of EU policy.

This briefing gives a preview of what to expect from Bulgaria - its priorities, the major players, and the current European context the country must navigate.

Keep reading to understand the Presidency's institutional role, to get a view from Brussels through exclusive interviews Key Documents with MEPs, to identify the key decision-makers during the next six months. This edition of our briefing also features Final Programme [link] in-depth policy analysis and further details on the Bulgarian Presidency's meetings and events. The Calendar [link]

On the following page, Commissioner for Digital Economy and Trio Strategic Agenda [link] Society Mariya Gabriel introduces her country's Presidency. decisions on more security on the EU's external borders, more efficient migration Foreword management, laying the foundations of a by Mariya Gabriel, Commissioner for Defence Union; Digital Economy and Society • European prospects and connectivity of the Western Balkans: Bulgaria intends to In January 2018, a decade after its accession make the best use of its regional expertise to the EU, Bulgaria has taken over the ro- to support the Western Balkan states on tating Presidency of the Council of the Eu- their reform path to help bring the region ropean Union. It is a special moment which closer to our Union. The Presidency will symbolises how much of a leader Bulgaria work to provide more geopolitical and has become for our Union. economic support for the region by focus- ing on the things that matter: improving As President Juncker recently said: "Europe road, railway, air, digital, educational and is in Bulgaria's DNA. Since the very first day energy connectivity to the EU; Bulgaria joined the European Union, Bulgar- ia is behaving like a founding member of the • And finally, digital economy and skills European Union." for the future: The focus will be on com- pleting the EU Digital Single Market and This is perfectly encapsulated in the motto of the development of a digital economy the Bulgarian Presidency: "United We Stand and skills. This includes the cyber secu- Strong". This will be Europe's motto for the rity package, the copyright directive, the © European Union , 2017 / Source: EC - Audiovisual Service / next six months as Bulgaria becomes the Photo: Etienne Ansotte free flow of non-personal data, the e-com- capital of Europe. munications code, e-Privacy and the We have worked closely with the Bulgarian 2018 is a crucial year for Europe. So it is no Audiovisual Media Services Directive. government to prepare the Presidency. Pres- surprise that the list of priorities for the Bul- Under the Estonian Presidency we saw ident Juncker praised the state of prepara- garian Presidency is well filled: significant milestones on our way to creat- tions when the Bulgarian government visited ing the Digital Single Market. The Bulgarian the College on 8 November 2017. We were • Economic and social cohesion will be pri- also lucky to see this first hand as the Col- oritised with a focus on a new EU bud- Presidency will take up the mantle and I am delighted to see their full commitment to- lege travelled to Sofia for the official launch get, discussions on a new Cohesion and of the Presidency on 11 January. The next six Common Agricultural Policy, and steps wards achieving our digital ambitions. The future is digital and the future starts now so months will be a great challenge and a great towards a deeper Economic and Mone- honour for my home country. It is with pride tary Union; it is an important sign that all Member States and institutions agree that digital is at the and expectation that I look forward to seeing • Stability and security of Europe: common top of the EU's agenda. Bulgaria skilfully master this challenge. Back to menu 3 The Presidency Understand what it means and Bulgaria's priorities p. 5 The View from Brussels Place Bulgaria's priorities in the European political context p. 8 The Policy Gain insight for your sector p. 13 The Events Keep track of the key dates for the next six months p. 26 The People Meet the ministers who will chair the Council meetings p. 29 The Trio Find out who Bulgaria works alongside p. 38 The Interviews Understand the aims of co-legislators during the Presidency p. 40 The Presidency Understand what it means and Bulgaria’s priorities What is a Presidency? Member States take it in turn to hold the Presidency of the Council Presidency, and are of the EU, passing on the baton every six months but acting within often used to measure a Council Strategic Agenda Trios of countries. This is the first EU Presidency held by Bulgaria country’s success in the which joined the Union in 2007. The Council is co-legislator role. 1. Jobs, growth & competitiveness with the European Parliament, but has exclusive competence 2. Empowering & protecting all over sensitive areas, such as tax policy. The Council meets in ten The Presidency is crucial citizens configurations, divided by policy area, which the national ministers for EU policy making, but of the Presidency chair. For instance, the Environment Council the administrative burden 3. Energy union & future-oriented meetings are attended by national Environment Ministers and is significant, especially climate policy chaired by the Environment Minister of the rotating Presidency, in for smaller Member 4. Freedom, security, & justice this case, of Bulgaria. States. The advantages for the country holding the Presidency are therefore not obvious, particularly as it must be politically neutral. The Presidency acts as an honest broker, and the country cannot be seen as pushing its own agenda too hard. Therefore, the Trio of countries have an 18 month programme to follow with overarching aims that must be completed by the time the final country has finished holding the Presidency.

Bulgaria takes over from Estonia, meaning it is the second country of the current Estonia-Bulgaria-Austria trio to lead the Council

Commission VP Jyrki Katainen & Estonian Minister for Rural Affairs Tarmo Tamm. and its work. As the Bulgarian Presidency website states, the three © European Union, 2017 / Source: EC - Audiovisual Service countries have agreed “upon a positive programme focusing on security, strengthening the external borders of the EU, economic growth and competitiveness”. However, these aims are not The Presidency mediates between the Member States, and is exhaustive and, given that the received wisdom in European responsible for drawing up compromise texts. When agreement politics is seemingly to expect the unexpected, new developments is reached, the Presidency will represent the Council at ‘trilogue’ and challenges may need to be addressed as they appear - not least meetings with the Parliament and Commission. The informal those relating to the ongoing Brexit negotiations. agreements, which often represent the breakthrough on a legislative proposal, depend on the negotiating skills of the

Back to menu 6 What are the priorities? The official motto of the Bulgarian Presidency of the Council of the sees the Presidency as an opportunity to push for EU membership EU - “united we stand strong” - offers an immediate insight into for six Western Balkan states. Whilst reforms aimed at supporting what will, in large part, guide the direction of the Presidency. Like EU accession should be expected, in the more immediate future, that which preceded it, the Bulgarian Presidency will again seek to the Presidency will seek to improve connectivity between maintain unity between Member States and realise a “a stronger, the Western Balkans and the EU to allow for greater regional more secure and more solidary European Union”. cooperation. In more specific terms, the four main priorities of the Bulgarian Security and stability in a strong and united Europe Presidency are: the future of Europe and young people – economic growth and social cohesion; European perspective and connectivity In terms of security and migration policies, the Bulgarian of the Western Balkans; security and stability in a strong and united Presidency will seek to realise consensus amongst Member States Europe; digital economy and skills of the future. in addressing existing vulnerabilities. Its stated efforts will be in strengthening the EU’s external borders, better managing The future of Europe and young people migration processes, laying the foundations of a Defence Union, aiding information exchange, and working towards “efficient, fast Despite economies throughout the EU recovering of late, the and fair justice”. Bulgarian Presidency has declared that other long-standing structural challenges, like those of high debt levels and weak Digital economy and skills of the future pay growth, can best be tackled through Member States working together. To this end, and as part of its push for greater social One of the priorities of the Estonian Presidency was creating cohesion, Bulgaria will lead on the Multiannual Financial a “digital Europe” and, much in the same vein, the Bulgarian Framework beyond 2020, the Cohesion Policy beyond 2020, the Presidency will seek to complete the Digital Single Market and aid future of the Common Agricultural Policy, and deepening the the development of digital-related skills. In an effort to ensure the Economic and Monetary Union. European economy remains competitive, attention will be given to encouraging entrepreneurship and social innovation, and to European perspective and connectivity of the Western addressing the link between education and the needs of the future Balkans labour market. Even a quick glance at press releases related to the Bulgarian Presidency will reveal how much attention has been given to the Western Balkans. This should come as little surprise given Bulgarian Prime Minister Boyko Borissov is on record as saying he

Back to menu 7 The View from Brussels Place Bulgaria's priorities in the wider European context DeHavilland spoke to key Bulgarian MEPs to gather their thoughts on their country's priorities. The MEPs Read extracts below, or skip to the end of this briefing for full and additional interviews.

Eva Maydell, EPP Peter Kouroumbashev, S&D Ilhan Kyuchyuk, ALDE Andrey Kovatchev, EPP Sits on IMCO, ECON Sits on ITRE, TRAN Sits on AFET, CULT Head of Bulgarian EPP Delegation National party in government National party in opposition National party in opposition National party in government

DeHavilland: What do you think the priorities of the Bulgarian Presidency should be?

Mr Kouroumbashev: The Ms Maydell: Advancing the Bulgarian Presidency closely “ “ “ “Mr Kovatchev: Only through digital economy and skills follows Jean-Claude Juncker’s Mr Kyuchyuk: We should push furthering connectivity between development is essential. priorities from his State of the for the EU’s cohesion policy. candidate countries [for Digitalisation has already had an Union speech. There is a so- Bulgaria needs cohesion policy accession] will a common sense impact on our society, economy, called specific Western Balkans in the next programme period of European integration prevail political life, etc. We need to flavor, as more attention for the … we should insist the cohesion ... our Presidency will act as a prepare our citizens for this new region was announced as the policy to be not only continued political push in the accession digital world and equip them ‘biggest’ priority of the Bulgarian but also to have the required process of the Western Balkan with the skills they need to go Presidency. But this flavor also financial resources. countries to the EU. forward. comes from the Commission’s cuisine.

Back to menu 9 DeHavilland: What challenges will Bulgaria face?

Mr Kouroumbashev: Brexit will Mr Kyuchyuk: Unfortunately, Ms Maydell: Being a newcomer “ “be the biggest challenge. If things “the most significant challenge “ to the job can be really go wrong, ... Bulgaria, and later during the Bulgarian presidency Mr Kovatchev: Bulgaria had to challenging, as we need to build Romania, will carry a heavy will be the re-introduction of take up the rotational Presidency the routine and master the responsibility in the subsequent populist/nationalist forces in six months earlier than initially procedural aspects of steering wheeling and dealing aimed at the governance of Europe. At planned due to the Brexit vote. the EU. At the same time, I avoiding major damage for the EU, this moment this seems totally However, I believe our officials rather see this as a positive - and also for the UK . It is not by irreversible because populists/ are well-prepared to embark on Bulgaria is ready to demonstrate chance that Theresa May has private nationalists continue to be this upcoming challenge. professionalism and move the meetings with Bulgarian PM Boyko part of the current Bulgarian European agenda forward. Borissov in the wings of the EU summits. government

DeHavilland: With your own political interests & activities in mind, where do you want progress?

Ms Maydell: If you ask people Mr Kyuchyuk: I would like to “ “ “ Mr“ Kovatchev: One of the from Brussels, they mostly Mr Kouroumbashev: Bulgaria is see progress be made during the potential initiatives for digital associate me as a digital MEP a pro-European country, but at Bulgarian presidency in terms connectivity could be the step-by- having worked on Portability, the same time, as a new member, of inclusion of young people in step adoption of the roaming rules Digital Content Contracts, it is still shy, it has an “us-and- politics and EU enlargement in within the EU by the Western European Cloud, ePrivacy them” attitude vis-à-vis Brussels. the Western Balkans ... I believe Balkan countries as well – gradual Regulation … I would like to see The biggest progress would be if that young people have ambition reduction in roaming charges and the Free Flow of Data Regulation my country would start feeling and desire to reform the EU, to the increase of broadband internet adopted under the Bulgarian comfortable at the driver seat. create new political realities in access opportunities. Presidency. Europe.

Back to menu 10 In what European political climate does Bulgaria take up the Presidency? New-found The Politics confidence in Brussels may favour the country's - and its neighbour's - wider ambitions.

Jean-Claude Juncker in September called for Member States to seize a window of opportunity for reform. “The wind is back in Europe’s sails”, said the European Commission President during his 2017 State of the Union address. Bulgaria will be overseeing what Mr Juncker has in mind for the EU for the first half of 2018. What’s more, confidence in Brussels may give a boost to the country’s wider ambitions: accession for its Balkan neighbours, and entry for itself into the Eurozone and Schengen Area. On one's doorstep PM Boyko Borissov and EC President Jean-Claude Juncker in November. © European Union, 2017 / Source: EC - Audiovisual Service Prime Minister Boyko Borissov has been clear he sees the Presidency as an opportunity to push for EU membership for Bulgaria’s accession efforts during its Presidency will come to six Western Balkan states: Serbia, Montenegro, Albania, the a head at the EU-Western Balkans Summit on 17 and 18 May Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYRM), Bosnia and 2018. The first to be held in Sofia, the Summit will bring together Herzegovina, and Kosovo. diplomats from across the EU and offers the chance to put Western Their progress until now has been mixed. Current frontrunners Balkan accession back on the European agenda. For Mr Borissov, a are Serbia and Montenegro, whose accession talks are open, and, successful summit would mean a clear roadmap from EU leaders according to Mr Juncker, can expect to join the EU by 2025. Albania on how his neighbours can join the club. and the FYRM have achieved candidate status at least, but the Ready or not latter has been unable to make headway due to Greek opposition to its name. Bosnia and Herzegovina applied for membership in Contained in the Presidency’s ‘Useful Information’ material for 2016, but its economic and political problems have proved toxic to journalists is a rule of thumb for converting Bulgarian Lev to Euro: Brussels, and it currently lacks the designation of candidate status. 2 to 1. Such advice may soon become redundant - Brussels says Kosovo is not even recognised by five Member States (Greece, Bulgaria is “ready” for the Eurozone. Cyprus, Spain, Slovakia and Romania). In any case, Mr Juncker has Bulgaria's chances of membership ultimately lie in the country’s effectively ruled out further accession before 2019. fiscal disposition,which is presently seen as healthy by

Back to menu 11 policymakers. A balanced budget British desire to cherry pick the and sustainable debt burden bloc’s rules. Mr Borissov has reassures the currency bloc’s more even gone so far as to say Brexit defensive members, who fear a presents a “rare chance for the weak link who may precipitate Balkan Peninsula to replace another crisis in the monetary the UK” - though he has also union. expressed hope the country rethinks its decision. Moreover, the Bulgarian Presidency coincides with a Phase two of talks - on the pivotal moment for the Eurozone: transition period and future a March deadline set by France trade, now that divorce issues and Germany for an agreement on are settled - is pencilled in how to reform the bloc. Stronger for midway through the monitoring and crisis-fighting UK Brexit Secretary David Davis and the EU's chief negotiator Michel Barnier address reporters. Presidency, February or March. tools further mitigates any risks © European Union, 2017 / Source: EC - Audiovisual Service A key challenge for Bulgaria, presented by Bulgarian entry. as intermediator-in-chief for the Council, will be helping to Momentum is also gathering towards Bulgaria’s other European maintain the EU27’s unity in the talks ahead. One only has to look objective, that is, entry into the Schengen Area. “If we want to at ongoing negotiations with Mercosur or the eleventh hour doubt protect our external borders and rightly so strengthen them even casted by Belgium over the 2016 Canada deal to see how trade can more, then we need to open the Schengen area of free movement to expose Member State divisions. Bulgaria and Romania immediately”, Mr Juncker also told MEPs during his 2017 State of the Union speech. Brexit phase two Key Documents By a curious twist of fate, Bulgaria will help oversee the exit of • 'The Future of Europe' White Paper [link] a Member State widely-seen as instrumental for its own entry: • State of the Union 2017 [link] the UK. British Prime Minister Tony Blair pushed heavily for • 2018 Commission Work Programme [link] Bulgaria’s EU membership for its support of NATO during the • European Council assessment of Brexit talks [link] Yugoslav wars. Now, Bulgaria must work to ensure an orderly • Western Balkans Summit 2017 [link] British departure. • Eurozone Reflection Paper [link] Bulgaria’s position on Brexit is, in short, hard. It has fallen in step with other Member States in providing a united front against

Back to menu 12 The Policy Gain insight for your sector

Click a Council configuration for analysis

For more on a specific policy, visit DeHavilland EU'sLegislation Tracker

AGRIFISH COMPET ECOFIN ENVI EPSCO EYCS FAC GAC JHA TTE AGRIFISH Agriculture & Fisheries Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

In terms of agriculture, the Bulgarian Presidency will further work on the modernisation and simplification of the Common Agricultural Policy, as well as on the budget for agriculture in the next MFF. Veterinary, phytosanitary and forestry issues are also going to be in focus. Following up on the work of the Estonian Presidency, the Bulgarians endeavour to finalise the Council’s initial position on the proposal for a Regu- lation on Spirit Drinks. The topic of animal welfare during transport, as well as the role of wild animals in disease management are also set to be explored. On Fisheries, the Presidency is to work on the multiannual management plans on Western Atlantic and the Western Mediterranean waters. Bulgaria will also hold a first exchange of views on the proposal to amend the Regulation on the control and timely adoption of the amendments to the Council Regulation on total allowable catches and quotas. Rumen Porodzanov Minister of Agriculture, Food and Forestry

Ongoing proposals • Proposal for a Regulaton regarding veterinary medicinal products and medicated feeds • Regulation for a Regulation on Spirit Drinks

Expected proposals • Proposal on unfair trade practices

Back to menu 14 COMPET Competitiveness Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

In the Competitiveness Council, the Bulgarian Presidency is expected to continue Estonian efforts with regard to formulating common long and short-term goals for the development of the European industry. A key part of this is the Common Industrial Policy (CIP) which is supposed to achieve synergy between the instruments of the EU, by aiming to ensure sustainable economic growth, employment, access to funding and by boosting innovation amongst enterprises in the EU. Under the Digital Single Market strategy, Bulgaria wants to ensure progress on the Directive for Copyright in the Digital Single Market and the Regulation on Copyright in online transmission and retransmission of TV and radio. Both legislative proposals are identified as high priority.

The new presidency is also ready to work at an expert level on the Company Law package scheduled for Emil Karanikolov January 2018. The main goal is to facilitate the use of digital solutions throughout a company’s lifecycle and to simplify cross-border mergers. Minister of Economy Finally, the Customs Union will celebrate its 50th Anniversary this year and will see new developments on the two main legislative dossiers, related to the controls on cash entering or leaving the Union, and on the import of cultural goods. Bulgaria will use the high-level meeting of the Directors-General of Customs Ad- ministrations as an opportunity to discuss the exchange of customs information with third countries.

Ongoing proposals • Directive for Copyright in the Digital Single Market • Regulation on Copyright in online transmission and retransmission of TV and radio

Expected proposals • Company Law package

Back to menu 15 ECOFIN Economic & Financial Affairs Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

The Bulgarian presidency takes over the ECOFIN chair just as the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II) comes into effect. This legislative cornerstone is intended to strengthen investor protection and improve the func- tioning of financial markets. However, the new presidency’s agenda will also focus on other areas of financial regula- tion.

Bulgaria is expected to place a strong emphasis on risk reduction in the banking sector and completing the Banking Union. A key challenge here will be the proposal for the establishment of a European Deposit Guarantee Scheme (EDIS), which has raised concerns in some major Member States, notably Germany.

Another priority will be the development of the Capital Market Union, particularly the proposal for the creation of a Pan-European Pension Product (PEPP), the review of the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS) and a proposal to introduce a new prudential regime for investment firms. For taxation, one of the next important steps will be to agree on a general approach on the Administrative Coopera- Minister of Finance tion Directive regarding automatic exchange of information linked with the reportable cross-border arrangements in the area of taxation (DAC 6). The Presidency also plans to make progress on the draft Directive on a common corpo- rate tax base and on the topic of taxation of the digital economy.

Furthermore, with Action Plans on sustainable finance and FinTech, two increasingly important areas will see new developments in 2018.

Ongoing proposals Expected proposals • Review of the European System of Financial • Sustainable Finance Action Plan Supervision • FinTech Action Plan • Risk Reduction package for the banking sector • Banking Union package • Pan-European Pension Product (PEPP) • Taxation package • EMIR amendment on Central Counter Party (CCP) supervision

Back to menu 16 ENVI Environment Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

With the conclusion of trilogue negotiations on the Waste Package under the previous Presidency, Bulgaria is expected to focus on a new Circular Economy ‘Mini-Package’, including the Strategy on Plastics and the topic of the interface between chemicals, products and waste.

In terms of climate action, now that all parts of the climate package have been agreed on by the Council and the Europe- an Parliament, Bulgaria is expected to focus on emissions in the transport sector. In particular, the Presidency will work towards achieving a “maximum level of progress towards reaching a political agreement in the negotiations with the European Parliament on the Proposal for a Regulation on the monitoring and reporting of CO2 emissions from and fuel consumption of new heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs)”. In the meantime, Bulgaria will coordinate discussions on the recent revision of the Regulation setting CO2 emission standards for new passenger cars and ansv and on an upcoming pro- posal on HDV CO2 emissions standards at Working Party level. Finally, the Bulgarian Presidency is expected to take part in the preparatory work and technical negotiations in view of Neno Dimov the COP24 at the end of 2018 in Katowice, Poland. Minister of Environment & In terms of events, while the Environment Council of March will focus on the Circular Economy Mini-Package, the 21st Water European Forum on Eco-Innovation in February and an informal meeting of Environment Ministers in April will ad- dress mechanisms to “improve air quality and protect the health of the European citizens and the environment”. Fur- thermore, the Environment Council of June will host a debate on a “political direction for the process and a vision for the decarbonisation of the [transport] sector”.

Finally, the formal meeting of the Environment Council of March and the informal Council will also serve as a forum of discussion on better regulation in the area of environment legislation.

Ongoing proposals Expected proposals • Regulation on the monitoring and reporting of • Proposal on HDV CO2 emissions standards CO2 emissions from and fuel consumption of • Circular Economy 'mini-package' new HDVs • Revision of the Drinking Water Directive • Regulation setting CO2 emission standards for new passenger cars and vans

Back to menu 17 EPSCO Employment, Social Policy, Health & Consumer Affairs Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

In the area of employment, the Presidency’s main priority is to build on the results of the debate on the future of work, as well as to find solutions for productive employment contributing to sustainable economic growth. Ministers will also work on making the free movement of workers easier, as well as on encouraging the im- plementation of the early childhood development concept and promoting solutions for people with disabil- ities. The impact of technology on the labour market as well as the negative effects of unemployment are also high on the agenda, alongside focus on youth and forging a better link between education, skills and labour markets.

On health, the Bulgarian Presidency will try to keep dialogue open on the issue of pricing of medicines, Biser Petkov especially in the context of accessibility and parallel trade. Conclusions on healthy diets for children – a key Minister of Labour & priority of the Presidency - are expected to be adopted by EPSCO. Social Policy

Ongoing proposals • Regulation laying down Community procedures for the authorisation and supervision of medicinal products for human and veterinary use and establishing a European Medicines Agency • Posting of Workers Directive • European Accessibility Act • Directive on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens and mutagens at work

Expected proposals Kiril Ananiev • Health Technology Assessment Minister of Health • A new Deal for Consumers

Back to menu 18 EYCS Education, Youth, Culture & Sport Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

In the area of education, the Bulgarian Presidency will work on the interim evaluation of the Erasmus+ programme and the guidelines for the next programming period. The goal will be to safeguard the level of European investment in education, including with a view to providing access to education and skills devel- opment at any age and promoting digital, entrepreneurial and creative skills. The Presidency will further- more work on two recommendations: on common EU values through education and on key competences for lifelong learning.

Regarding youth, priorities of the Bulgarian Presidency include the finalisation of the European Solidarity Krasimir Valchev Corps and proposing Council Conclusions on the role of youth in developing a flexible and favourable en- Minister of Education & vironment for enhancing population growth through effective partnership in Europe as well as on the role Science of young people in developing a secure, united and peaceful society through the promotion of European values.

On culture, the Bulgarian Presidency aims to adopt Council conclusions on cultural heritage. It will further- more focus on the new long-term vision for European cultural content, the future of Europe and the link between them in the context of the mid-term evaluation of the Creative Europe Programme and developing the new Work Plan for Culture as of 2019. The Presidency also intends to reach a political agreement with the Parliament on the revision of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD). Boil Banov Minister of Culture In the field of sport, the Bulgarian Presidency will propose Council Conclusions on promoting European values through sport. It will also focus on fighting against doping in sport, in particular in the context of the WADA review, and on grassroots sports as a tool for integration and a bridge between tradition and inno- vation.

Ongoing proposals Expected proposals • Revision AVMSD • Erasmus+ mid-term evaluation • European Solidary Corps Regulation • Amending Regulation on Creative Europe Programme Minister of Youth & Sports Back to menu 19 FAC Foreign Affairs Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

Bulgaria has pledged to actively support the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Se- curity Policy, chairing the Foreign Affairs Council in all but its Trade configuration. Bulgaria will focus on the implementation of the EU Global Strategy, the Western Balkans, as well as strengthening the European Neighbourhood Policy. The Presidency is to also tackle migration and its external aspects. In the area of defence, the Presidency will continue supporting the European External Action Service (EEAS) on the Implementation Plan in the area of security and defence. EU-NATO cooperation will also be of importance and is expected to provide tangible value added for Europe’s counter-terrorism. Federica Mogherini A key priority of the Bulgarian Presidency will be the implementation of Agenda 2030 in line with the Eu- High Representative ropean Consensus on Development. The main goal will be the integration of the sustainable development goals in the respective EU policy areas, as well as the achievement of realistic goals. The partnership with African, Caribbean and Pacific countries is an additional priority, as the Cotonou Agreement is to expire in 2020. The Presidency is to work on a common position of the Council on the draft new EU negotiating mandate.

Ongoing proposals • Regulation setting up a Union regime for the control of exports, transfer, brokering, technical assistance and transit of dual-use items Minister of Foreign Affairs

Expected proposals • Negotiating mandate for a new partnership between the EU and the African, Caribbean & Pacific countries after 2020 • Implementation of the EU Global Strategy: EU Strategy for Syria • Implementation of the EU Global Strategy: Communication on efforts to foster state, economic, environmental/climate and societal resilience in third countries Minister of Defence

Back to menu 20 GAC General Affairs Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

The General Affairs Council has long been the lowest-profile formation of ministers, dealing with dry insti- tutional issues. But it has attracted rather more attention recently due to its role in preparing for the Europe- an Council's Brexit summits. One policy area the GAC does retain power over is cohesion policy, and Bulgaria has scheduled a strategic discussion on this for April. It also participates in the process of fixing the EU's budget, and looks at EU enlargement. There is not much currently on the table in either of these areas for ministers to look at, but Communications are anticipated in the first half of the year. Finally, the Council is likely to discuss the European Semester on a couple of occasions, in preparation for debate at European Council level. Ekaterina Zharieva Minister of Foreign Affairs

Expected proposals • Strategy for a successful EU accession of Serbia and Montenegro as frontrunner candidates in the Western Balkans • Enlargement package • Multiannual Financial Framework beyond 2020 package

Tomislav Donchev Deputy Prime Minister

Back to menu 21 JHA Justice & Home Affairs Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

In the area of home affairs, the Bulgarian Presidency will build on the work of previous Presidencies on three main priorities: migration management, control of EU external borders and internal security.

On the effective control of EU external borders, the Presidency will consolidate progress made towards a return to the proper functioning of the Schengen area, including the Entry/Exit system. It will work to reach political agreement on the proposed amendments to the Schengen Borders Code and aim to conclude ongoing negotiations with the Parliament on the Schengen Information System (SIS). Furthermore, extending the mandate of eu-LISA will be a high priority and finally, efforts will be focused on the implementation of the renewed Internal Security Strategy (ISS).

In the field of justice, regarding criminal law, the Bulgarian Presidency will focus on reaching an agreement with the Parliament on the revised Eurojust regulation and on the draft Directive on countering money laundering by crimi- nal law. The Presidency hopes to start trilogues on the draft legislation extending the centralised European Criminal Records Information System (ECRIS). In addition, it aims to reach progress in the negotiations on the draft regulation Minister of Justice on the mutual recognition of freezing and confiscation orders and to start and take forward discussions on the expect- ed initiative in the field of e-evidence. It will work towards achieving a general approach on the draft Directive on fighting fraud and counterfeiting of non-cash means of payment.

Regarding civil law, the Presidency aims to complete negotiations in the Council on the recast proposal for the Brus- sels IIa regulation. It will also work actively to advance the negotiations on the proposals included in the contract law package. The Presidency will finally hold discussions on the preparation of the new EU e-Justice Strategy.

Ongoing proposals Expected proposals • Blue Card Directive • Legislative intiative on e-evidence • Revision of Eurojust Regulation • Proposal on interoperability • Extension of European Criminal Records Information System (ECRIS) Valentin Radev • Digital Contracts proposals Minister of Interior • Directive on fighting fraud and counterfeiting of non-cash means of payment

Back to menu 22 TTE (Telecommunications) Transport, Teleommunications & Energy Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

The Bulgarian Presidency has stated its awareness of the fact that “the work of the TTE - Telecoms Council in the next six months will be of crucial importance for the timely achievement of the Digital Single Market”. In the field of telecoms, it will proceed with negotiations with the Parliament on the proposal for the Electronic Com- munications Code and will begin negotiations in order to reach a political agreement on the regulation on the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC).

Regarding the data framework, the Bulgarian Presidency shares the view that the free flow of data is a crucial el- ement of the Digital Single Market and it will align its plans on this dossier with the goals set in the conclusions of the European Council of October 2017. Work will continue on the ePrivacy Regulation where Bulgaria aims to find compromise solutions with the goal to achieve a general approach and if possible, start trilogues with the Parliament.

Minister of Transport, IT On cybersecurity, the Bulgarian Presidency will strive towards achieving a general approach on the proposed Cybersecurity Act. Furthermore, it will work on defining the key priorities of the Cooperation group work & Communications program and the role of the Network of CSIRTs for the operational capability of the EU to respond to significant cybersecurity attacks.

In terms of new initiatives, Bulgaria intends to start discussions on the expected REFITs of the Domain Names (“.eu”) regulation and on the revision of the Directive on the re-use of Public Sector Information (PSI Directive). A foreseen Commission text on artificial intelligence will also be high on Bulgaria’s agenda, “bearing in mind that our digital future will rely on the Internet of Things and connected objects”.

Ongoing proposals Expected proposals • Recast European Electronic Communications Code • Revision of Directive on the re-use of Public Sector • Regulation on Privacy and Electronic Information Communications (ePrivacy) • Initiative on platforms-to-business practices • Cybersecurity Act • Initiative on fake news and online disinformation

Back to menu 23 TTE (Transport) Transport, Teleommunications & Energy Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

The Bulgarian Presidency is expected to focus on the development of intermodal transportation and will hold, together with the Commission, a High-Level Ministerial Meeting on ‘Multimodal Transport in Eu- rope’. As regards the ongoing work on the legislative proposals part of the Mobility Package, the Bulgarian Pres- idency stated that it would take into account the “specificities of the transport sector in each Member State from the standpoint of its social and economic impact”. In particular, the Presidency will prioritise work on the revision of the Regulations on access to road haulage market and on the occupation of road trans- port operator, the Directive on specific rules for posting drivers in the road transport sector, the Regulation regarding the minimum requirements for maximum daily and weekly driving times, minimum breaks and daily and weekly rest periods, and the Regulation regarding determining location with tachographs. Ivaylo Moskovski The Bulgarian Presidency has also committed to advance work on the proposal for a Regulation on safe- Minister of Transport, IT guarding competition in air transport. & Communications Finally, Bulgaria will focus on deepening cooperation processes in the Western Balkans region, “where one of the main objectives is developing and connecting transport infrastructure as a driving force for growth and job creation”.

Ongoing proposals • Revision of the Regulations on access to road haulage market and to the occupation of road transport operator • Directive on specific rules for posting drivers in the road transport sector • Regulation regarding the minimum requirements for maximum daily and weekly driving times, minimum breaks and daily and weekly rest periods • Regulation regarding determining location with tachographs

Back to menu 24 TTE (Energy) Transport, Teleommunications & Energy Council EU forecast Ministerial chairs

The Bulgarian Presidency has set two topics high on its energy agenda: progress on the elements of the Clean Energy for All Europeans package and regional cooperation, with a specific focus on security of sup- ply in South-East Europe. Regarding the Clean Energy for all Europeans package, the Bulgarian Presidency recognises energy effi- ciency as a “key element” of the Energy Union in that it “plays a primary role in achieving a low-carbon economy”. It further notes that an increased share of renewable energy would “result in a radical restruc- turing of the energy system of Member States and their energy mix”. Bulgaria indicates that, “considering the interdependence” of the legislation on governance, energy efficien- cy and renewable energy legislation, these dossiers will be addressed “in parallel in line with the already adopted approach”. The Presidency will essentially focus on upcoming trilogue negotiations on most of the package, while a general approach on the ACER Regulation remains to be agreed on. Minister of Energy With regards to regional cooperation, the Bulgarian Presidency is expected to focus on missing infrastruc- ture including operational gas interconnectors with the neighboring countries and a European gas hub in the Balkans. An investors’ round table on the Balkan gas hub as well as the annual meeting of the High-lev- el group for interconnectivity in Central and South-Eastern Europe (CESEC) will serve as fora for this pur- pose.

Ongoing proposals Expected proposals • Clean Energy for All Europeans package • Commission Communication on Future of EU energy • Proposal for a Directive amending common rules for and climate policy the internal market in natural gas • Proposal for a Council Regulation updating the information requirements of Article 41 of the Euratom Treaty in the light of the European Energy Security Strategy

Back to menu 25 The Events Keep track of the key dates for the next 6 months Council calendar

Click on the DeHavilland EU 2018 Council Calendar on the next page to view our Live Document. For the most up to date version, bookmark the URL. DeHavilland EU will be updating this calendar throughout the year. Find the key below.

The Council is a single institution, but it meets in 10 configurations, determined by policy area. Although there is no hierarchy, the General Affairs Council has a special coordination role and is responsible for institutional, administrative and horizontal matters. Any of the Council’s 10 configurations can adopt an act that falls under the remit of another configuration.

Back to menu 27 Click on the image below for DeHavilland EU’s Live Bulgarian Council Calendar

Back to menu 28 The People Meet the ministers who will chair the Council meetings Bulgaria’s infrastructure, including the passion for karate - not only refeering and Boyko Borissov expansion of the national motorway coaching, but also competing. He is also Prime Minister network. He has worked to streamline the currently the chairman of the Bulgarian state, initiating administrative reforms Karate Federation. He made Bulgarian Boyko Borissov that have cut the number of agencies and sporting history in 2013 when he became the is Bulgaria’s 50th merged ministries. He has also attempted oldest man to play professional football in Prime Minister. A to consolidate the country’s finances - some the country, turning out for second division political survivor, may say with an eye to future membership FC Vitosha Bistritsa. To this day he still Mr Borissov has of the Eurozone. occasionally plays striker. seen two of his cabinets collapse. Allegations of corruption in the Bulgarian He has governed state and beyond, however, remain the Bulgaria from the key domestic challenge for Mr Borissov. In centre-right over 2013, nationwide demonstrations against three terms since 2009, relying on a “man his first cabinet culminated in Mr Borissov’s of the people” appeal and, in his third resignation, after high energy costs and government, a nationalist coalition partner. perceived corruption in the industry He has high ambitions for the European role brought protestors out on the street. of Bulgaria and its region. Throughout the course of the protests Mr Borissov retained the support of the EPP in Mr Borissov founded his party, Citizens for Brussels, receiving their endorsment ahead European Development of Bulgaria (GERB), of the 2014 European Parliament elections. in 2006 and remains leader to this day. The party’s ideology blends liberal conservatism Before becoming Prime Minister, Mr with pro-Europeanism, and its MEPs sit Borissov was Mayor of Sofia – Bulgaria’s within the EPP Group in the European capital – from 2005 to 2009. Parliament. GERB is the largest party in Bulgaria’s National Assembly, occupying Mr Borissov’s life outside of politics has 95 out of 240 seats since March 2017. It is been colourful to say the least. After leaving currently in coalition with the nationalist the police in 1990, he founded a security United Patriots electoral alliance, which company, and worked as a bodyguard holds 27 seats. for King Simeon II of Bulgaria (who had renounced his title and become prime PM Boyko Borissov on a visit to Sofia Tech Park. © European Union , 2015 / Source: EC - Since entering office, Mr Borissov’s domestic minister), as well as the country’s retired Audiovisual Service / Photo: Boryana Katsarova agenda has first consisted in upgrading former communist head of state. He has a Back to menu 30 Krasimir Karakachanov Deputy Prime Minister Deputy Prime Minister & Minister of Defence General Affairs Council / Cohesion Foreign Affairs Council / Defence

Tomislav Donchev is Bulgaria’s Deputy Though first entering Bulgaria’s Prime Minister, also hails from GERB, and National Assembly in 1997, Krasimir has served in all three of Prime Minister Karakachanov’s current position as Boyko Borissov’s cabinets. Expect Mr Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Donchev to bring a long-standing interest Defence is his first in national government. in EU Cohesion Policy to the General He took up the post when the third Affairs Council given he has served as Borissov Cabinet was formed in May 2017. Minister of EU Funds Absorption in the past. Even his advocacy of Western Balkan Mr Karakachanov leads the IMRO– accession has a cohesion-based flavour, Bulgarian National Movement, a party and, speaking in 2015 on Serbia’s path to EU membership, he under the banner of United Patriots - a nationalist electoral alliance argued that “one cannot be rich and have poor neighbours”. that is GERB’s junior coalition partner. VRMO self-describes as a conservative and patriotic party. Following the collapse of the first Borissov Government in 2013, Mr Donchev briefly served as an MEP, attached to the EPP Group. The His nationalist credentials coupled with his views on immigration, formation of Mr Borrisov’s second Cabinet in November 2014 – now which he has linked to radicalisation, have led to ideological as a coalition rather than minority government – saw Mr Donchev characterisations of his party as far-right in the press. In August leave Brussels, return to Bulgaria’s National Parliament, and regain 2017, Mr Krasimir told Die Welt that the EU must protect its external responsibility for EU funds. However, he also became one of four borders with arms to stop asylum seekers from entering Europe. Deputy Prime Ministers, a position he continues to hold with his cohesion portfolio in the third and current Borissov Cabinet. Mr Karakachanov ran in both the 2011 and 2016 presidential elections, securing 1% and 15% of the vote respectively. Mr Donchev graduated from a mathematics high school in Gabrovo, and has two Masters’ Degrees – one in philosophy, the other in Before politics, Mr Karakachanov was a published historian, holding economic management. a Master’s Degree in the subject from Sofia University, St. Kilment. He gained a PhD in International Law and International Relations in 2014.

Back to menu 31 Ekaterina Zaharieva Vladislav Goranov Deputy Prime Minister & Minister of Foreign Affairs Minister of Finance Foreign Affairs Council; General Affairs Council / Article 50 Economic & Financial Affairs Council

Ekaterina Zaharieva is a Deputy Prime Vladislav Goranov was appointed Minister for Judicial Reform and Minister Bulgarian Finance Minister in November of Foreign Affairs, from GERB. Boyko 2014. His appointment came after a Borissov is not Ms Zaharieva’s first boss previous spell as Deputy Finance Minister - from 2013 to 2015, she was Chief of and a brief excursion into the private Staff to the President of Bulgaria, Rosen sector, taking on a senior role at Sofia’s Plevneliev. Ms Zaharieva also served as Municipal Bank. A former civil servant, Mr Plevneliev’s Minister for Regional Mr Goranov has served in both the second Development during his caretaker and third Governments of Boyko Borissov, government, which stepped in after Mr and representing Mr Borissov’s GERB Borissov’s first cabinet collapsed in 2013. party. Before rising to the role of Finance Minister, he served as Deputy Finance Minister from August 2009 to April 2013. One of Ms Zaharieva’s aims in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has been to develop Bulgaria’s ties with its biggest trading partner in Mr Goranov is known in Bulgaria for his strong support of pegging the Balkan region: Ukraine. Bulgaria has continued to back EU and the Bulgarian Lev to the Euro, and is a supporter of Eurozone NATO efforts to secure peace in Eastern Ukraine through the Minsk membership for his country. He has also notably called for increased Agreements. She oversaw celebrations of the 25th anniversary of the transparency in deliberations over public spending. establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 2015. Born in April 1977, Mr Goranov attended Pleven’s High School of Mathematics before studying Economics at Tsenov Academy of Ms Zaharieva studied law at the University of Plovdiv, going on to Economics. He later earned a Masters in Accounting and Control. study a law master’s degree. A lawyer until 2003, her legal career brought her close to politics, becoming a legal advisor and later Prior to entering elected politics, Mr Goranov was a civil servant, Director of the Legal Directorate in the Ministry of Environment and taking roles in the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Agrarian Waters. She is fluent in German and English. Reform and the Ministry of Finance. During his later years at the Ministry of Finance, from 2001 to 2009, he served as Head of its Social Expenditures Division.

Back to menu 32 Valentin Radev Tsetska Tsacheva Minister of Interior Minister of Justice Justice & Home Affairs Council (Home Affairs) Justice & Home Affairs Council (Justice)

Bulgarian Interior Minister Valentin Radev Former lawyer Tsetska Tsacheva was appointed to his current position in Dangovska was appointed Justice Minister May 2017 and, upon taking office pledged in May 2017 and has been active within to reform and improve the Academy of the the GERB party since 2007. Prior to the fall Ministry of the Interior. A member of Mr of Communism, she was a member of the Borissov’s GERB political party, Dr Radev Bulgarian Communist Party. previously served as Deputy Defence Minister from 2009 to 2013. The first woman to serve as Chair of Bulgaria’s National Assembly, she During his time in the Bulgarian National has also been viewed as a relatively Assembly, he has served on the Foreign Policy, Defence and Internal uncontroversial figure within the GERB party and, in 2016, she Security and Public Order Committees. He has also served as the was nominated by Boyko Borissov as his preferred candidate for head of the Parliamentary Commission investigating allegations of President of Bulgaria. However, she went on to lose the contest to interference in Bulgarian affairs by Russia and Turkey. independent candidate Rumen Radev.

Dr Radev was born in Elin Pelin in February 1958. He attended During the campaign, Ms Tsacheva emphasised the importance of the Shumen Artillery Academy, where he studied the chemistry Bulgaria’s ties to the EU and NATO against a backdrop of increased of explosives, and later earned a Masters in Economics from the tensions with Russia. University of National and World Economy in Sofia. He earned a PhD in Ballistics and Aerodynamics from Sofia’s Defence Research Born in May 1958 in Dragana, near Lovech, Ms Tsacheva attended Institute in 1991. Pleven High School of Mathematics and then went on to work in a local factory. She later earned a degree in Law from Sofia University. Before entering politics, he pursued a career in military research. Accordingly, he is an expert in explosives and is the author of She worked as a lawyer with the Pleven Bar Association during her more than 130 scientific publications. He has invented 17 military earlier career, before later becoming Head Legal Advisor to Pleven products approved for use by the Bulgarian Army, and has served Municipality. She served in that role until 2007, which was the year as Director of the Defence Advanced Research Institute and as Chair she joined Pleven Municipal Council and unsuccessfully contested of the Bulgarian Association of Ammunition Specialists. the city’s mayoralty on behalf of GERB.

Back to menu 33 Kiril Ananiev Biser Petkov Minister of Health Minister of Labour & Social Policy Employment, Social Policy, Health & Consumer Affairs Council (Health) Employment, Social Policy, Health & Consumer Affairs Council

Former civil servant and economist Economist Biser Petkov was appointed Kiril Ananiev was appointed Health as the Bulgarian Minister of Labour Minister in November 2017, after his and Social Policy in the third Borissov predecessor resigned over a corruption Government, formed in May 2017, scandal. He came to office promising to nominated by the junior coalition partner, act immediately to address tensions in the the United Patriots. Dr Petkov is an sector by creating a consultative council unaffiliated member of the legislature who for healthcare professionals, alongside previously served as a Governor of the which he has also prioritised inspections National Social Security Institute. of hospital care. Dr Petkov is a graduate of the University of National and World Mr Ananiev served as Finance Minister from January to May 2017, Economy, with a Masters in Economy and Organisation of Internal and as Deputy Finance Minister from August 2014 to January 2017. Trade and a PhD in Economics. He began his career as an academic, lecturing at his alma mater the University of National and World He began his career in 1980, working at the Ministry of Finance. He Economy. eventually rose to take the role of Head of the State Expenditure Directorate, before working as Head of the Financial and In 2002, after more than a decade in academia, he became Chair Administrative Service at Bulgaria’s UN Permanent Representation of the State Agency for Social Security Supervision. Later, in in Geneva from 1996 to 1998. March 2003, he became Deputy Chair of the Financial Supervision Commission. In September 2011, Dr Petkov was elected a Governor He has also served as Deputy Finance Minister from 1998 to 2009, of the National Social Security Institute. He also served on the under three different administrations, and as Financial Policy Bureau of the International Social Security Association from 2013- Secretary to the President of Bulgaria and as Counsellor to the 2016. Political Office of the Prime Minister. Elsewhere, he has held positions within Bulgartabac and Bulgargaz, and has also been involved in the supervision of the Bulgarian Development Bank.

Mr Ananiev studied Finance and Credit at Karl Marx Higher Institute of Economics, now part of the University of National and World Economy. He also studied healthcare reform in the USA.

Back to menu 34 Ivaylo Moskovski Temenuzhka Petkova Minister of Transport, IT & Communications Minister of Energy Transport, Telecommunications & Energy Council (Transport & Transport, Telecommunications & Energy Council (Energy) Telecommunications) Temenuzhka Petkova, a member of the Ivaylo Moskovski is member of the GERB party, is currently the Minister of GERB party and, in 2011-2013, served Energy in the second Borissov Cabinet. as Minister of Transport, Information She has extensive experience in audit, Technologies and Communications in having been a Financial Inspector in a previous government led by Boyko Sofia's State Financial Control department Borissov, after serving as Deputy Minister and a State Internal Auditor and Head of Transport, Information Technologies of Department in the Public Financial and Communications between 2009- Inspection Agency. Between 2007-2010, she 2011. He was also a member of the 42th was Head of the Inspection Department at National Assembly and a member of the Committee on Transport, the Public Financial Inspection Agency (ADFI) and, following this, Information Technology and Communications and the Committee she was Head of ADFI between 2010-2013. on Energy. Aside from this, Ms Petkova held the position of Deputy Finance Before becoming a politician, Mr Moskovski worked as trade Minister in the interim Government that was in office until director in industry. Besides that, he is member of the Managing November 7 2014. Board and Deputy Chairman of the Association of the light industry manufacturers, and Chairman of the Competitiveness Committee at She is a graduate of the University of National and World Economy the Association of the light industry manufacturers. in Sofia and holds a Master’s degree in Accounting and Control. She has also had training in Internal Audit in the Public Sector at He holds a degree in Public Finance from the Sofia-based University the Ministries of Finance of Ireland and the UK Britain, and in State of National and World Economy and a degree in Financial Financial Inspection at the Ministry of Finance of Portugal. Management from Svishtov-based Academy of Economics.

Back to menu 35 Neno Dimov Rumen Porodzanov Emil Karanikolov Minister of Environment & Water Minister of Agriculture, Food and Forestry Minister of Economy Environment Council Agriculture and Fisheries Council Competitiveness Council; Foreign Affairs Council / Trade Neno Dimov is Bulgaria’s Minister Mr Karanikolov of Environment and began his career Water, of the United in 2004 in the Patriots (OP) party. Sofia Municipality His libertarian where he was background and jurist in "Legal and his scepticism for regulatory services". global warming, Between January which he calls “manipulation” and a “global An experienced officer of the Bulgarian 2010 and May 2010, he served as Director business with fear” are expected to make his Ministry of Finance, Rumen Porodzanov of "Administrative Control, Regional chairing of the Environment Council rather kicked off his political career in 1992, when Development and State Property" in the controversial. he joined the Special Activities Funding Regional Administration of Sofia. division as an expert, until 1995. He went He previously was an MP for the Democrats on to head the Finance, Trade and Services From 2010 to 2017, he was the Executive for a Strong Bulgaria (DSB) party from 2005- Division of the Ministry until 2001. From Director of the Agency for Privatisation and 2009. He also served in Government as Chief 2001 to 2009, he served as Director of the Post-Privatisation Control until his election Secretary of the Ministry of Environment Real Sector Finance Directorate of the as Minister of Economy on 4 May 2017. and Water and Deputy Minister of Ministry. In 2009, he took on the role of the Environment and Water in Ivan Kostov’s Chief of Staff of the Ministry, until 2013 In his position as Minister of Economy, cabinet from 1997-2001. when he took the position of Executive Karanikolov argued heavily against the He is known to be a supporter of EU Director of the State Agriculture Fund. He privatisation of the Bulgarian copper melter integration and served as a member has also served as Caretaker Minister of Kremikovtsi which was sold for one US of Bulgaria’s negotiating team. At EU- Finance in the cabinet Georgi Bliznashki, in dollar and called for a probe into the deal. level, Mr Dimov served in the European 2014. Environment Agency (EEA), as a member Emil Lyubenov Karanikolov has received of the management board (1997-2002) Mr Porodzanov attended the University a Master of Law from the University of and as Director of the Programming and of National and World Economy where National and World Economy. Information Directorate (2001-2002). he obtained a Master’s degree in Agrarian Business, Economics and Management.

Back to menu 36 Krasimir Valchev Boil Banov Krasen Kralev Minister of Education & Science Minister of Culture Minister of Youth and Sports Education, Youth, Culture & Sport Council Education, Youth, Culture & Sport Council Education, Youth, Culture & Sport Council (Culture) (Youth & Sport) Former civil servant Krasimir Valchev Krasen Kralev is was appointed member of the Education and GERB party and is Science Minister currently serving in May 2017. An for the second time unaffiliated member as Minister of Youth of the government, and Sports, having Mr Valchev was held the post in the nominated by Mr Brorissov’s GERB party. second cabinet of Prime Minister Boyko Theatre director Boil Banov was appointed Borissov from November 2014 to January His former role as Secretary General of the Culture Minister in May 2017 and 2017. He was Deputy Chairman of the New Ministry of Education and Science from previously served as Deputy Minister of Time party until he resigned from the post 2009 to 2017 means he is well informed Culture during the caretaker Bliznashki in July 2009. about his brief. He was also involved in administration during mid to late 2014. Bulgaria’s programme of EU accession Co-founder of the Bulgarian Association policy initiatives. Upon being appointed, Mr Banov declared: for Fair Elections and founder and “I promise to entirely involve myself in my Chairman of the Board of Directors of MAG From 2002 to 2009, Mr Valchev served in new responsibility in order to contribute to Communications, a group of marketing the Ministry of Finance, where he focused the development of Bulgaria’s culture and communication agencies, Mr Kralev owns on education funding. He briefly returned arts”. He has discussed proposals for reform two big internet media companies. to the ministry in 2017 to serve as Head to the country’s Patronage Act in order of Department in its Local Government to create a regulatory basis for funding He is a graduate of the Medical University Financing Directorate. that goes beyond just state arts funding, in Varna, after which he specialised somewhat like the UK’s system of lottery in Political Campaign Management at During his time in office so far, he has grants. the University of South Carolina, USA. focused on addressing illiteracy and Separately, Mr Kralev is a former national improving teachers’ wages, as well as He was born in May 1971, the son of famous track and field athlete. advertising the virtues of the teaching Bulgarian actor Vasil Banov and his wife profession to address recruitment problems. Lilyana Dimova.

Back to menu 37 The Trio Member States holding the Presidency work together closely in ‘Trios’, lasting 18 months with overarching aims set by the European Council.

Bulgaria is the second country in the 8th Presidency Trio, preceded by Estonia (June-December 2017) and followed by Austria (July-December 2018). The programme of the Estonia-Bulgaria- Austria was officially approved in the 20 June 2017 General Affairs Council and focuses on security, strengthening the external borders of the EU, economic growth and competitiveness.

On the following page, we reflect on how Bulgaria can build on Estonia's work.

Estonia: July-December 2017 Bulgaria: January-June 2018 Austria: July-December 2018 Romania: January-June 2019 Finland: July-December 2019 Croatia: January-June 2020 Germany: July-December 2020

Back to menu 38 Union report I would also like to emphasise significant challenges during the Estonian Estonia’s progress in enhancing European Presidency so far? Looking back defence cooperation, and Estonia’s work in promoting a digital Europe. Mr Paet: From a very humane perspective, How did Estonia fare during its I’d say that it is not easy to find Presidency? How can Bulgaria build on DeHavilland: Given that Estonia is the first compromises during marathon talks - it Estonia's work? DeHavilland spoke with of the current Presidency Trio, where do takes a lot of time and effort. Urmas Paet, Estonian MEP, to find out. you feel that the Bulgarian Presidency needs to concentrate its efforts? DeHavilland: To what extent have other issues, such as Brexit, affected the work and Mr Paet: The Presidency lasts for six focus of the Council? months, but in most cases, the process of achieving the final results takes more time Mr Paet: Every Presidency has its own than half a year. Because of this, consistency priorities. However, the presiding country is an important keyword here: Estonia will always takes into account that there will be pass the baton on and Bulgaria will continue events and topics that happen unexpectedly work in many topics that Estonia has been and will require full commitment, such as working on such as work on the defence Brexit, migration crisis etc. union and on digital Europe. Urmas Paet, ALDE Definitely, Brexit will affect the work and Sits on BUDG, AFET, REGI, SEDE DeHavilland: Which of the legislative files focus of the EU as a whole, not only during National party in opposition discussed and adopted during the Estonian the Estonian Presidency but also in the long- Presidency have been the most notable and run. DeHavilland: Which of the four stated significant? priorities of the Estonian Presidency do you For more insight feel most progress has been made in? Mr Paet: During the Estonian Presidency into the key the Council achieved an agreement on the policies and Directive on the Posting of Workers which Mr Paet: Estonia has successfully made major players progress in all of its priority themes, was not an easy task. Progress has also been of the Estonian but just to name a few - from Estonia’s made in the reform of the Common Asylum Presidency perspective the Posted Workers System, Blue Card Directive and in the Presidency, read Directive was an accomplishment where regulation that helps to cut greenhouse gas our previous a balanced compromise was found. As emissions and meet Paris commitments. briefing. the Rapporteur for the European Defence DeHavilland: What have been the most Back to menu 39 that's my understanding of what Presidency in of itself. But we have already been priorities are. challenged as we were supposed to have Looking ahead our Presidency in the second half of 2018, In that case, especially for Bulgaria, I believe because the UK was supposed to have theirs In the run up to the Bulgarian Presidency, the Energy Union - with an emphasis on the before us. DeHavilland interviewed Svetoslav infrastructure of our region - should be one Malinov MEP to get his take on the next of our priorities. For our region - depending I believe the biggest problem for our six months. As the only Bulgarian MEP in on how you define it (the Balkans, the Presidency, and biggest risk, is Brexit. Our the EPP grouping not from Prime Minister Western Balkans etc.) - Energy Union is Presidency will be under the shadow of crucial, especially bearing in mind current Brexit, and journalists and analysts will Borissov's GERB party, Mr Malinov offers dependence on Russian resources. overlook our efforts on anything else, as a frank analysis of his country's priorities. Brexit is such a huge thing, and it will Another priority which is regional but also probably dwarf everything. European should be an understanding of the problems of our region, with a push DeHavilland: How do Bulgarians feel on to enlargement, which at the moment is the whole about Brexit? Are they being stagnating. That's why I believe that at swept up in this pro-integration reaction the least a meeting of the leaders of the we've seen to the vote? Western Balkans with EU leaders should be held in Sofia, and I see that is one of the Mr Malinov: We need to talk about two priorities already. It's impossible to change groups here: ordinary people, and elites the attitude towards enlargement, but it's who are aware of the history of Bulgaria's Svetoslav Malinov, EPP at least possible to show some goodwill, integration into Europe. For the latter, it is Sits on CULT, ITRE readiness to cooperate, and for some a huge disappointment. At the end of the National party in opposition advancement for certain countries. 1990s, our breakthrough - the invitation for membership negotiations - was due to the DeHavilland: What do you think the These should be the priorities outside those Bulgarian government's strong reformist priorities of the Bulgarian Presidency should already given officially. agenda. But it was also due to the general be? outlook of Great Britain. DeHavilland: For the Bulgarian Presidency, Mr Malinov: We are in a trio, the priorities what do you see as the most significant Bulgarian politicians who were involved of which have already been fixed, so we challenges during the next six months? in the integration process will always do not have a lot of room to manoeuvre. remember the help, the crucial support for But our priorities should be connected to Mr Malinov: We're holding the Presidency our integration from the UK. Also, in terms European policy with a regional focus - for the first time, which presents challenges of geopolitical threats to the Balkans, and Back to menu 40 the need for deep understanding of Russian Schengen Area - what are your thoughts on and Middle Eastern threats, we will miss that? having the UK in the EU. Mr Malinov: On joining the Eurozone, I Otherwise, Bulgaria is one of the most pro- think we are moving [towards it], although European nations. We don't even discuss very slowly, but this is a process that it is Bulgaria leaving the EU. We have extremely very dependent on the political will of other weak Eurosceptic forces. countries and the European Commission. This is not something we can do by DeHavilland: In terms of your own ourselves. parliamentary activities - I know you're a member of the Culture and Education This is in contrast with the Schengen Committee - where would you like to see problem, where, if we had done our reforms the most progress on a more narrow front? in the past, there would be no argument Are there any big files coming up in the against us now, but we haven't done it. I'm CULT committee you want to see progress extremely critical of Bulgarian governments on? in the last six years for failing to reform the judicial system or the prosecutor's office. Mr Malinov: I'm a huge fan of the Erasmus Bulgaria hasn't done its own work in terms programmme. After the celebration of 30 of the rule of law, and that's why we're not years of the programme, I want to continue in Schengen some of the activities to make it more popular, give it more financing, and to And this is why we are under supervision make it more creative. It's not just about the more broadly. People in Europe are mobility of children - it can go further. suspicious of corruption, and what's why we don't get what we deserve. We should I'm also a big fan of the new European have done more in the last few years. Solidarity Corps. I hope it can get its own financing and that the Erasmus programme won't suffer, as the financing is not completely secure. In any case, these schemes should be more popularised.

DeHavilland: In terms of Bulgaria and the Euro and potential accession to the Back to menu 41 Since the release of our preview briefing, er generation of Europeans through ensuring have over the last couple of months. DeHavilland also interviewed Andrey they have access to jobs and skills-acquisition courses in the digital economy. Last, but not DeHavilland: In terms of your own political Kovatchev, a former Vice-Chair of the least, I am happy to see that the topic I have interests and parliamentary activities, where European Parliament's Committee on been working on for years now - the inte- would you like to see progress made during Foreign Affairs. gration of the Western Balkans, will receive the Bulgarian Presidency? its well-deserved attention during the Bul- garian Presidency. Only through furthering Mr Kovatchev: I believe that improving the connectivity between the candidate countries integration and connectivity of the Western and the rest of the EU will a common sense Balkans is of crucial importance for the EU of European integration prevail. Therefore, and Bulgaria. Only through delivering a tan- we hope our Presidency will act as a political gible European perspective for all candidate push in the accession process of the Western countries from the region we would stop the Balkan countries to the EU. The motto of our interference of third countries, we would Presidency is ‘United we stand strong’, and we strengthen the stability, security and prosper- believe that the EU is only stronger when the ity of the region, and the EU as a whole. There- Western Balkan countries are integrated in it. fore, this is the area in which I would like to Andrey Kovatchev, EPP see tangible results. For example, I would be Head of Bulgarian EPP Delegation DeHavilland: What do you think the most pleased if the Presidency works on enhanc- National party in government significant challenges will be during the Bul- ing the links of the EU Single Market and on garian Presidency? improving the connections of the Digital Sin- DeHavilland: What do you think the prior- gle Market. In this way, transport, commu- ities of the Bulgarian Presidency should be? Mr Kovatchev: A first-time Presidency is al- nications, infrastructure and energy connec- ways a challenge, but also an opportunity for tivity will be brought up high on the agenda. Mr Kovatchev: I am thrilled to see that my a smaller European Member State to show In this regard, one of the potential initiatives personal beliefs in what is important for the its strengths and capabilities in bringing the for digital connectivity could be the step-by- future of Europe and Bulgaria align with Union together and furthering its integration. step adoption of the roaming rules within the the outlined priorities of the Bulgarian Pres- Furthermore, Bulgaria had to take up the ro- EU by the Western Balkan countries as well idency. During this first-time Presidency tational Presidency six months earlier than – gradual reduction in roaming charges and of the Council of the EU, we will focus our initially planned due to the Brexit vote. How- the increase of broadband internet access op- efforts on ensuring a safe and secure future ever, I believe our officials are well-prepared portunities. for Europe. Through cohesion and economic to embark on this upcoming challenge. Apart growth, we will work for the betterment of from these, I think that the biggest challenge the social and economic living conditions of we face is to fulfil the goals and ambitions we DeHavilland: To what extent do you think as many Europeans as possible. We also want have set out for ourselves. The best antidote that other issues, such as Brexit, will affect the to provide more opportunities for the young- to it is to keep working just as hard as we work and focus of the Bulgarian Presidency?

Back to menu 42 DeHavilland: What do you think the and move the European agenda forward. Mr Kovatchev: Given that it has just been priorities of the Bulgarian Presidency should Our vision of Europe is one of consensus, agreed that the Brexit talks can move on to be? cohesion and competitiveness, while paying their second phase, this is a topic we would particular attention to the role and opinion only hear more about during the Bulgarian Ms Maydell: I believe that the Bulgarian of young people for the future of Europe. Presidency of the Council of the EU. In this priorities are quite specific and on point. regard, it is my belief that the Brexit vote – the We need to revitalise the dialogue with A specific challenge is to keep the unity decision of the British citizens to leave the Eu- the Western Balkans and the Bulgarian during the Brexit negotiations, which is also ropean Union – is extremely unfortunate. A Presidency will aim to give solid EU one of our main priorities. It is not by chance major aspect of the Brexit negotiations is the perspective for these countries. We need that "United we stay strong" is the slogan of protection of both the British and EU citizens’ a robust policy strategy to make sure we our Presidency. Another challenging issue rights, which is also a priority for Bulgaria. do not lose ground to other major players for Bulgaria as a President of the Council However, I think that we should not let the on the global stage. Second important is the need for improving our asylum and Brexit discussions distract us from our aims and goals we want to achieve during the Bul- goal we have set is to increase the legal migration policy, the Dublin System in garian presidency. The future of the EU is im- and regulatory cohesion and to reduce particular, as well as the expected MFF minent and we need to work hard to gain the inequalities across the continent, with (Multiannual Financial Framework) and best possible results for the EU citizens. the view of ensuring long-term stability. the need to maintain the solidarity for all Thirdly, advancing the digital economy European regions and populations with Continue reading for the rest of our MEP and skills development is essential. tighter budgetary constraints. Digitalisation has already had impact on our interviews from our preview briefing on society, economy, political life, etc. We need DeHavilland: In terms of your own political the Bulgarian Presidency. to prepare our citizens for this new digital interests and parliamentary activities, where world and equip them with the skills they would you like to see progress made during need to go forward. the Bulgarian Presidency?

DeHavilland: What do you think the most Ms Maydell: If you ask people from significant challenges will be during the Brussels, they mostly associate me as a Bulgarian Presidency? digital MEP having worked on Portability, Digital Content Contracts, European Ms Maydell: Being a newcomer to the job Cloud, ePrivacy Regulation. However, can be really challenging, as we need to if you ask people in Bulgaria they will build the routine and master the procedural probably describe me as advocate for Eva Maydell, EPP aspects of steering the EU. At the same entrepreneurship and new skills, given my Sits on IMCO, ECON time, I rather see this as a positive - Bulgaria work in my constituency on improving the National party in government is ready to demonstrate professionalism education system. Having these two hats, Back to menu 43 speaking figuratively, I would like to see the Free Flow of Data Regulation adopted under DeHavilland: What do you think the most the Bulgarian Presidency, as well as many significant challenges will be during the new initiatives for the youth. Now is the Bulgarian Presidency? time to bring in the fresh, bright spirit of the young, the truly European generation, born Mr Kouroumbashev: Brexit will be the and raised in united Europe. biggest challenge. If things go wrong, Barnier and Juncker will be out of the DeHavilland: To what extent do you negotiation process, and Bulgaria, and later think that other issues, such as Brexit, will Romania, will carry a heavy responsibility affect the work and focus of the Bulgarian Peter Kouroumbashev, S&D in the subsequent wheeling and dealing Presidency? Sits on ITRE, TRAN aimed at avoiding major damage for the National party in opposition EU, and also for the UK. It is not by chance Ms Maydell: For Bulgaria, as for the rest that Theresa May has private meetings with of the EU, the decision of the UK to leave DeHavilland: What do you think the Bulgarian PM Boyko Borissov in the wings the EU has been a great source of concern priorities of the Bulgarian Presidency should of the EU summits. and disappointment. This has however be? not shaken our own Euro-optimism. Our DeHavilland: In terms of your own political goal is to respond to the real needs of the Mr Kouroumbashev: Let’s be serious. interests and parliamentary activities, where people in Europe and turn challenges into Successive Presidencies broadly follow would you like to see progress made during opportunities. I hope that we will manage the EU agenda. The Bulgarian Presidency the Bulgarian Presidency? to honour the decision of referendum while closely follows Jean-Claude Juncker’s solving the problems which this creates priorities from his State of the Union speech. Mr Kouroumbashev: Bulgaria is a pro- to EU citizens - ensuring rights of those There is a so-called specific Western Balkans European country, but at the same time, citizens who remain in the UK after Brexit, flavor, as more attention for the region as a new member, it is still shy, it has an the hard border question with Ireland and was announced as the ‘biggest’ priority of “us-and-them” attitude vis-à-vis Brussels. mutually-beneficial trade relations. the Bulgarian Presidency. But this flavor The biggest progress would be if my also comes from the Commission’s cuisine. country would start feeling comfortable at It’s give-and-take: Juncker was extremely the driver's seat. And that it would shape generous to Bulgaria and Romania in the future EU, together with its partners, his speech, which is not by accident. The in full confidence of its prerogatives Bulgarian and Romanian Presidency will and competence, which should not be help him shape his legacy. What Juncker underestimated, if one looks at history and can do for Sofia and Bucharest in return is geography. another issue. Here I’m more skeptical. Back to menu 44 EU on the 1st of January 2018. For us, this continue to be part of the current Bulgarian DeHavilland: To what extent do you is a unique opportunity to show to our government. In my opinion, Bulgarian think that other issues, such as Brexit, will European colleagues and partners that authorities must find a way, as soon as affect the work and focus of the Bulgarian we are capable to set the political agenda possible, to take populists/nationalists out of Presidency? of Europe. In reality, however, Bulgaria the government because united and liberal should focus on two priorities. I am glad Europe cannot be ruled by people who do Mr Kouroumbashev: I already answered that future EU integration of the Western not respect/protect the rights of minorities this question. There are other challenges, Balkans is among them, The EU should not who are also EU citizens. but they look smaller. David Cameron isolate itself and close its doors to future created the worst crisis. Bulgaria regrets the Member States. Western Balkan states are DeHavilland: In terms of your own political Brexit vote. Not because the net donor – net part of Europe and we will continue to call interests and parliamentary activities, where recipient relationship. It’s because the UK is on the EU to demonstrate political support would you like to see progress made during such an important European country, and for the European perspective of the region. the Bulgarian presidency? an ally. The UK was a mover and shaker in Moreover, Bulgaria should use the rotating the EU. presidency of the Council of the EU to Mr Kyuchyuk: Interesting question. I promote its unique ethnic model, which has would like to see progress be made during been the basis of our successful integration the Bulgarian Presidency in terms of the to both NATO and the EU. The second inclusion of young people in politics and priority for which we should push for is EU enlargement in the Western Balkans. the EU’s cohesion policy. Bulgaria needs The inclusion of young people in politics cohesion policy in the next programme is a task to which I have been committed period. Therefore, we should insist the to for years. I believe that young people cohesion policy to be not only continued but have ambition and desire to reform the also to have the required financial resources. EU, to create new political realities in Europe. Therefore, we should give them Ilhan Kyuchyuk, ALDE DeHavilland: What do you think the most opportunities to participate fully in the Sits on AFET, CULT significant challenges will be during the process of taking decisions. When it comes National party in opposition Bulgarian presidency? to EU enlargement in the Western Balkans, I believe that this will assure peace, stability DeHavilland: What do you think the Mr Kyuchyuk: Unfortunately, the most and democracy in Europe as a whole. priorities of the Bulgarian presidency should significant challenge during the Bulgarian be? presidency will be the re-introduction of DeHavilland: To what extent do you populist/nationalist forces in the governance think that other issues, such as Brexit, will Mr Kyuchyuk: Bulgaria will assume the of Europe. To this moment this seems totally affect the work and focus of the Bulgarian rotating presidency of the Council of the irreversible because populists/nationalists Back to menu 45 Presidency?

Mr Kyuchyuk: In fact, Brexit affects the work and focus of the Bulgarian Presidency from its beginning. Bulgaria’s EU Presidency was brought forward six months because of Brexit. However, during Bulgaria’s EU Presidency I personally want to see a deep and comprehensive partnership between the EU and UK in a long term perspective to reflect citizens’ interests in the best way. This “new” partnership should be in the spheres of both trade and security, but British authorities must be aware that it cannot be a selective one. The four freedoms of the EU are inseparable and go hand in hand, and any attempt to isolate one of them must be doomed to failure.

Back to menu 46 DeHavilland EU

We trust you found this report useful

DeHavilland EU produces in-depth political information for public affairs and policy professionals every day.

Our highly informed EU Policy Analysts gather vital political news from Brussels to bring our subscribers relevant policy updates and live coverage tailored to their information needs.

To find out how our political monitoring and research services can help your organisation and to request a free trial, contact our team now.

© DeHavilland EU Ltd 2018. All rights reserved.