Novel by David Nicholls
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AN ANALYSIS OF SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION FOUND IN “ONE DAY” NOVEL BY DAVID NICHOLLS A THESIS BY ZUFITA NILA SARI REG.NO: 090705005 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2013 Universitas Sumatera Utara AN ANALYSIS OF SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION FOUND IN “ONE DAY” NOVEL BY DAVID NICHOLLS A THESIS BY ZUFITA NILA SARI REG.NO: 090705005 Supervisor, Co-Supervisor Dr. Hj. Deliana, M. Hum Drs. H. Chairul Husni, M. Ed. TESOL NIP: 19571117 198303 2 002 NIP: 19570803 198404 1 004 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree os Sarjana Sastra in English Department ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2013 Universitas Sumatera Utara Approved by the English Department of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination. Head, Secretary Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, MS Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M.Hum Universitas Sumatera Utara Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the English Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan The examination is held in English Department of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of SumateraUtara on Monday, December 23rd 2013 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001 Board of Examiners Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, MS ………………………… Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M.Hum …………………………. Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A …………………………. Dr. Hj. Deliana, M.Hum ......................................... Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A …………………………. Universitas Sumatera Utara AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, ZUFITA NILA SARI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSONS’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENT IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : Date : Universitas Sumatera Utara COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : ZUFITA NILA SARI TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS OF SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTION FOUND IN “ONE DAY” NOVEL BY DAVID NICHOLL QUALIFICATION : S-1 / SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : Universitas Sumatera Utara ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Bismillahirrahmaanirrahiim. First of all, I want to thank and praise to Allah SWT, the Almighty God, for blessing me in completing this thesis as one of the requirements to get a degree of Sarjana Sastra from English Department, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara. Furthermore, I would also like to thank to my Supervisors, for their guidance, patience, valuable comments, and time in supervising and correcting all contents of this thesis, Dr. Hj. Deliana, M.Hum, and the Co-Supervisors Drs. H. Chairul Husni, M. Ed. TESOL. I would also like to thank to the dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A. and the chairman of English Department, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. and the secretary of English Department, Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M.Hum and the entire lecturers who have taught and guided me during my period of study in faculty. The most special thank is dedicated to my beloved father, Zulkarnaen, and my beloved mother, Fenti Purnama Sari Lubis for their support, attention, endless love, never ending prayer and financial support especially in completing this thesis. I also want to thanks my youngest brother, Andri Saputra and my second youngest sister, Zufiana Sari. They are my spirit to completing my thesis. Universitas Sumatera Utara I thank to my beloved friends, Annisa, Dini and Rizka. Thanks for your joke and laugh to entertain me in order to not dizzy for completing my thesis. My special thanks I dedicated to my best friend, Henny Mariance Lenny Siregar who always supported me in order to completing my thesis immediately. She also always said to me: “Kapannya selesai skripsimu? Kapan kau wisuda?” She said it many times. The last I thank to my old friend and my best friend, Rizki Syahputra, SE who has helped me in editing my thesis in order to seems perfect. Finally, I would like to extent my thanks to all people that cannot be mentioned one by one here, for their support and kind attention. Although I could finish preparing this thesis, I realized still has many weakness. Therefore, I gratefully welcome any constructive suggestions, advice and criticism. Medan, 23 December 2013 The writer ZUFITA NILA SARI Reg. No. 090705005 Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK Objek dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah novel yang berjudul One day, karangan dari David Alan Nicholls. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan agar pembaca lebih memahami penggunaan subordinate conjuction pada novel. Dan menarik minat pembaca bahwa novel tidak hanya menarik untuk dibaca, tetapi juga menarik untuk di analisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, yaitu suatu metode dalam penelitian status kelompok manusia, suatu objek, suatu kondisi, suatu sistem pemikiran, atau pun suatu kelas peristiwa pada masa sekarang. Metode ini bertujuan membuat deskripsi, gambaran atau lukisan secara sistematis, faktual dan akurat mengenai fakta-fakta, sifat-sifat serta hubungan antara fenomena yang diselidiki. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengumpulkan teori dan informasi yang berhubungan dengan subordinate conjunction dari buku, internet dan sumber-sumber lainnya. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh kalimat dalam novel yang menggunakan subordinate conjunction sebanyak 1190 kalimat. Untuk memperoleh data, penulis menggaris bawahi setiap kalimat yang mengunakan subordinate conjunction. Pengolahan data menggunakan rumus Bungin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka diperoleh hasil dari beberapa tipe subordinate conjunction, yaitu tipe time diperoleh hasil sebanyak 41,18%, place sebanyak 6,30%, reason or cause sebanyak 10,93%, manner sebanyak 8,40%, purpose or result sebanyak 6,21%, condition sebanyak 18,40%, concession or contrast sebanyak 5,55% dan comparison sebanyak 3.03%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tipe subordinate conjunction yang paling sering digunakan adalah tipe time. Universitas Sumatera Utara TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................1 1.1 Background of Study .....................................................................................1 1.2 Problem of Study ...........................................................................................6 1.3 Objectives of the Study .................................................................................6 1.4 Scope of the Study ........................................................................................6 1.5 Significance of the Study ..............................................................................6 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ......................................................8 2.1 Understanding Syntax ...................................................................................8 2.2 The Description of Conjunction ....................................................................9 2.3 Types of Conjunction ....................................................................................9 2.3.1 Coordinating Conjuntion ....................................................................9 2.3.2 Correlative Conjunction ...................................................................11 2.3.3 Subordinating Conjunction ...............................................................11 2.3.3.1 Kinds of Subordinating Conjunction .................................14 2.3.3.2 Most Frequently Used of Subordinating Conjunctions .......16 3. RESEARCH METHODE .............................................................................. 19 3.1 Research Design ..........................................................................................19 3.2 Data Resource .............................................................................................19 3.3 Data Collection Procedure ..........................................................................19 3.4 Data Analysis Procedure .............................................................................20 4. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS ..................................................22 4.1 Subordinating Conjunction .........................................................................22 Universitas Sumatera Utara 4.1.1 Time .................................................................................................22 4.1.2 Place .................................................................................................26 4.1.3 Reason or Cause ...............................................................................32 4.1.4 Manner .............................................................................................36 4.1.5 Purpose or