Association for Diplomatic Newsletter Studies and Training Winter 2007–2008

Dear ADST members and friends, Hamilton, Hills, and ADST made major advances in 2007—creating an instructional Billington to be Honored website at www.usdiplomacy.org, posting the Frontline Diplomacy oral history collection on the website of the Urquhart To Present Bunche Award Library of Congress (search Google for “frontline diplomacy”), and launching five new books in the “Diplomats and Diplomacy” and “Memoirs and Occasional Papers” series, with five more slated for publication in 2008. In addition, we completed two special oral history projects—on Sudan and the evacuation of American citizens from Lebanon—and are about to begin another—on Provincial Reconstruction Teams in Iraq. Our assistance to the Foreign Service Institute featured the annual Lee Hamilton Carla Hills language teaching awards and support for celebrations of FSI’s 60th DST’s biennial awards dinner The gala awards dinner will take anniversary and the 30th anniversary on February 28, 2008, will place at Washington’s historic Willard of the Overseas Briefing Center, Ahonor the stellar achievements Hotel. ADST members may attend policy and language seminars, a and years of dedicated public service at a special discount rate and have the distance learning showcase, academic of former House Foreign Affairs option of prearranging group tables accreditation of FSI courses, language Chairman and Wilson Center at which to share the meal and the training for media encounters, briefing President Lee Hamilton, Librarian merriment. Detailed information will new FSI staff members, and debriefing of Congress James Billington, and be distributed by post and e-mail and returnees from high-stress posts. former U.S. Trade Representative may also be obtained by calling (703) With your support through dues, Carla Hills. Congressman Hamilton 302-6990. contributions, and volunteer activities, will receive the Ralph J. Bunche ADST is on the move. As you will see Award for Diplomatic Excellence for on page 5, many members responded a career spanning some 34 years, as generously to the special appeal for funds well as capstone contributions as vice to support the oral history program, as chairman of the 9/11 Commission did many nonmembers whose interviews and cochairman of the Iraq Study are included in the collection. Let’s keep Group. The Cyrus Vance Award will the momentum going. go to Dr. Billington for his exemplary Our next major event is the biennial leadership on the Library’s “American Tribute to Excellence dinner on Memory” National Digital Library February 28, 2008. The article on this Program, which provides a prestigious page features the impressive group site for ADST’s oral histories and of award recipients. We count on other collections. The International James Billington you to join in rendering these three Business Leadership Award will be Previous recipients of the Bunche distinguished public servants their presented to Carla Hills for her signal Award were Donald McHenry, well-deserved honors and, in so doing, accomplishments as HUD Secretary, Sam Nunn, George P. Shultz, to strengthen further the resource base U.S. Trade Representative, principal John Whitehead, and Colin from which the association carries out negotiator for NAFTA, and business Powell. Past business leadership its important work. consultant. Former Under-Secretary- awardees were James V. Kimsey, We thank you for that support and General of the United Nations Sir J. Bruce Llewellyn, and Frank wish you a happy and prosperous new Brian Urquhart, author of a highly Carlucci; previous Vance honorees year. acclaimed biography of Ralph were Charles Stuart Kennedy and Bunche, will serve as a presenter. Margery Boichel Thompson. — Ken Brown The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Winter 2007–2008 2 ADST Loses Two Valued The embassy reports constantly, From the Oral vociferously, but it doesn’t mean very Former Board Members History Collection: much, because these guys are all in the loop, particularly when the language ong-term Board member Philip At the Court of Saint James’s is the same. Transportation Secretary M. Kaiser, who served as Peña would call up the DTI on our air ambassador to four countries L WILLIAM CROWE was ambassador to problems and later say to me, maybe and was also a high-ranking Labor the United Kingdom, 1994–97. Stu we could use your help. I asked what Department official, died on May 24th Kennedy interviewed him in 1998. The in the Washington area at the age of he meant, and he said we’re talking to 93. While serving as assistant secretary full text of the interview is available in the British on this air control problem. of labor, Mr. Kaiser promoted the trade the Frontline Diplomacy Collection on I’d ask how long he’d been talking to union movement internationally and the website of the Library of Congress. them and he’d say several months. was considered influential in creating This tendency was widespread, not the new post of labor attaché at U.S. Q: How about some of the other things confined to Secretary Peña. Someone embassies around the world. that were going on, such as Yugoslavia? would say we didn’t need you before The ninth of 10 children of CROWE: In essence what happened because we didn’t have any problems, Ukrainian Jewish immigrants, Mr. was the United States got fed up with but now we need you. I said we could Kaiser was an Oxford-educated Rhodes what was going on in Europe and have helped you much more if you had scholar and U.S. ambassador to Hungary, pushed hard for the British to enter come to us two months ago. It never Austria, Senegal and Mauritania. Yugoslavia. Finally, the British said occurred to them to go to the Embassy “We’ll go,” and then we started telling until trouble brewed. them what to do. That was a very Q: How about dealing with NATO? divisive issue. . . . Here you had been the Southern I came back to Washington and got Commander of NATO, CINCPAC to see the president, and I said this [Commander in Chief, Pacific telling the British what to do when Command]. Military was your bag. You we’re sitting 3500 miles away is hard to had been Chairman of the Joint Chiefs. defend. If you want to tell them what CROWE: It was irrelevant. When to do militarily, you have to go there. you’re in the policy business, nobody Don’t sit back here, let them do it, and wants to admit that anybody else then tell them how to do it. He agreed, knows more than you do. NATO is [but] that didn’t mean anything also a problem for many of those issues Ambassador Philip Kaiser Admiral William Crowe because his people didn’t agree. . . . I was talking about. Russia and Bosnia Q: Was this the NSC? were handled in Brussels instead of DST Board and Advisory CROWE: Largely, but not solely. It individual capitals. So much business Council member, Adm. was also the State Department, ... They goes across borders now. AWilliam Crowe, died on know about everything and don’t mind Q: Did you feel a frustration within the October 18th of this year, at the age of telling people how to do things. ruling class in Great Britain––not the 82. He passed away at Bethesda Naval Q: Leaving it to the ambassador to deal social class but the politicians and the Hospital after a long and illustrious with the Foreign Office and all? military––because power was slipping career that encompassed diplomacy, CROWE: In all fairness, I don’t away to Europe and to Brussels? public service, and the highest levels in think this is true of smaller embassies. CROWE: This was a constant theme. the U.S. Navy. Admiral Crowe retired They are still very powerful because I don’t think they understand how from active military service in 1989. they [handle] issues the people in much it has slipped. They constantly An Annapolis-trained submarine Washington haven’t focused on. argue about it. That’s their problem officer, he volunteered for duty in If an issue comes up, they ask the with going into Europe. They don’t Vietnam at the age of 44; years later ambassador what should we do? In a want to sacrifice all their leverage, their he became only the third admiral to place like Britain, on big issues like authority, everything that controls chair the Joint Chiefs of Staff. As JSC NATO orientation or Bosnia, nothing their own destiny in Europe. It’s much chairman, he presided over the military goes through the embassy. They conflict with Libyan leader Moammar more of a problem in their councils send over envoys and delegations, than it is in ours. They are in Europe; Gadhafi and our navy’s protection of and the president talks to the prime oil tankers in the Persian Gulf during we aren’t. the Iran-Iraq war and also led a series minister on the phone. I had a hard On the other hand, it’s interesting of groundbreaking meetings with his time finding out what they said, and I about their economy. The British have Soviet counterpart as the Cold War usually found out from the British, not little faith in the European economy. thawed in the late 1980s. from the Americans. Three weeks later If you talk to the average British With three advanced degrees, I’d get a message, saying the president businessman, he’d much rather invest he more than held his own as U.S. said so and so. . . . money in the United States than in Ambassador to the Court of St. James’s In big embassies on big issues, Western Europe. They are investing the embassies are no longer in during the Clinton Administration. heavily in the United States, $100 He is survived by his wife, Shirley, the mainstream of policy advice, billion! In fact I’ve had them say to and 3 adult children. particularly in communications and me, we have more confidence in the meetings. They all know each other. American economy than you do. 3 Winter 2007–2008 The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Memoirs and Occasional Papers Series ADST’s flourishing Memoirs Series boasts four new titles, three by retired Foreign Service officers, one byan agricultural economist. Published in 2007 are John Kormann’s Echoes of a Distant Clarion and Allen Hansen’s Nine Lives, and in the works for 2008 are Arias, Cabalettas, and Foreign Affairs: A Public Diplomat’s Quasi-Musical Memoir by Hans N. Tuch and Food Soldier: Fighting the Cold War with Bushels and Bales by Howard L. Steele.

dealings with the Russians, the U-2 Odyssey. Hansen’s memoir depicts the spy plane affair, and the Berlin Wall. excitement, frustrations, satisfactions, He was political officer at Embassy and glamour of his Foreign Service Manila at the onset of the Marcos career with the United States regime; officer-in-charge at Embassy Information Agency (USIA) in the Benghazi, Libya, when it was attacked nine countries to which he was posted and burned during the 1967 Arab- during the Cold War. Until 1999, Israeli War; deputy chief of mission at the USIA was responsible for public Embassy Cairo during the Kissinger diplomacy, conducting media, cultural, Middle East “shuttle diplomacy”; and educational exchange programs. and a member of Director of Central Given the increased scrutiny of U.S. n June 27, DACOR Intelligence George H. W. Bush’s staff. public diplomacy since September 11, and ADST celebrated John Godlove Kormann received 2001, Nine Lives usefully recounts Opublication by New a BA in Government and an MA in successful public diplomacy operations, Academia/Vellum of John G. Public Law from Columbia University. offering lessons for current and future Kormann’s Echoes of a Distant He is a graduate of the Army War public diplomacy practitioners. It Clarion: Recollections of a Diplomat and College and a former president of the discusses terrorism, narcotics trafficking, Soldier, the eighth title in ADST’s 17th Airborne Division Association. Islamic customs and beliefs, and how Memoirs and Occasional Papers The author of works on German each post differs in accordance with Series. It is an inside view of major denazification and U.S. military prevailing U.S. foreign policy objectives. events of the twentieth century, assistance to Africa, he is also a Each chapter provides informative told through the life story of an military historian who has written insight on the host country’s adventurous diplomat, soldier, and extensively on airborne warfare. relationship with the United States intelligence officer. Throughout his diplomatic service, and outlines USIS objectives and Following combat in Europe Kormann remained active as an Army programs. Hansen recounts the in World War II, Special Agent Reserve colonel, retiring after 35 years achievement—or lack thereof—of Kormann apprehended Nazi war in government service. American and local personnel criminals and uncovered a mass grave. and shares vivid anecdotes about As an Army Counter Intelligence professional colleagues from the Corps field office commander in Department of State and other Berlin 1945–47, he searches for agencies. Intrigue, coups d’état, civil Martin Bormann and “Axis Sally” and war, a murder in Montevideo, and rescues a German scientist from the breathtaking, at times harrowing Soviet NKVD, making international adventures surround his global odyssey headlines and revealing Russian to exotic locales. espionage and kidnapping efforts. Allen C. Hansen joined USIA as In 1950, as a new State a member of its second junior officer Department officer, Kormann training class in 1954, a year after administered three counties in the agency’s creation. As a Foreign Bavaria in the final days of the n November, New Academia/ Service officer for 32 years, he served American occupation of Germany. Vellum published the ninth title in nine countries and, periodically, in Later he was involved in the abortive Iin the Memoirs Series, Allen Washington, D.C. He retired in 1987 Hungarian Revolution, international Hansen’s Nine Lives: A Foreign Service and has authored five books. The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Winter 2007–2008 4

A Footnote to the Collapse Oral History Program of the Soviet Union ROBERT BEECROFT served at USNATO An Unsolicited The Press Discover 1991–94. Stu Kennedy interviewed him Stu Kennedy in 2004. The full text of the interview is Appreciation available through ADST.

While we who are already associated with n addition to unexpected praise n December 21, 1991 the first the wonderful work that ADST performs from far-flung consumers, recent meeting of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council, the NACC, take great pride in our contributions, it articles in the Washington Post O I took place as part of the semiannual is always a pleasure to receive appraisals May 19th, 2007 and the Washington Ministerial in Brussels. . . . It included the from outside the “family.” Diplomat October 2007 featured first meeting of the 44 NACC countries, ADST Oral Historian Stu Kennedy. including the Soviet Union. Almost all the Dear Charles Stuart Kennedy, Besides shining the spotlight on Stu heads of delegation were foreign ministers. Melissa Rossi here, writing from and his career, the pieces provided useful It was a big gathering with lots of press Thailand. I’m working on a book about information on ADST activities, projects, coverage, in the large conference room in the Middle East for Plume/Penguin NATO. Interestingly, the Soviet foreign and programs. minister wasn’t there. Instead the Soviets Books USA, and stumbled across your Both articles praised Stu’s legendary sent their ambassador to Brussels and fantastic oral history collection. What interviewing technique and seemed NATO, Ambassador Afanassevsky. . . . a treasure! I didn’t mean to write such to delight in turning the tables So it’s around 6:00 in the evening and a long email, but here goes: and questioning the questioner. two sets of negotiations had been going I’ve read hundreds of books, Attempting to sum up his oral history on all day––there were two communiqués thousands of articles, have traveled interviewees, Stu said, in typical for the first time. There was the customary much of the region, conducted my fashion, “I’m a curious man. And these communiqué of the North Atlantic Council, for the NATO allies only, and own interviews—and still by far the are people who were in interesting then the first-ever communiqué of the FAOH [Foreign Affairs Oral History] places at interesting times.” (If you NACC, which was the NATO allies plus collection is perhaps the most missed either article and would like a all these former Warsaw Pact countries. valuable resource of all. copy, please send an e-mail request to: Nobody knew how the communiqué for These interviews provide such [email protected]) the NACC was going to go, but it went insights—and the context for so very smoothly. . . . James Baker was there many random facts that I couldn’t for the United States and Will Taft, and understand, and that the media rarely the usual staff support fluttering around, including me. get quite right. I am truly a cynic The NATO Secretary General, about so much, but these interviews Manfred Wörner, was very much in give me such great respect for the charge. . . . He looks around and says, fine minds that were at work abroad. “Well, is everyone agreed?” There was a I think it’s good PR for State, fine long silence in the room and everyone is tribute to the diplomats and others quietly praying that we’re not in for an all- in foreign service AND it’s just so nighter. So the Soviet ambassador raises his hand, and everybody says, “Oh no.” enlightening, in a way a history book So Wörner says, “Well, Mr. or article can never be. The visuals, the Ambassador?” details, just amazing. (I loved Dayton And Afanassevsky says, “Mr. Secretary Mak’s description of the sandstorms in General, I regret this, but I have a request Saudi Arabia and visiting the king in his to make.” Dharan/Jeddah addendum, oh I just love “What’s that?” all of these, what a bunch of characters, “Well, I have to request on instructions Our Incredible Interns. Clockwise from left: from Moscow that all references to and so bright. And your questions and the Soviet Union be removed from interviewing techniques are just great.) Lia Jacobsen, Elisabeth d’Auchamp, Rachel Jurkowski, Kaitlin Leary, James MacHaffie, the communiqué.” There is, as you can Congratulations on such a wonderful, Amb. Ken Brown, and Katie Locke. Missing imagine, a long silence. mind-expanding project… from photo: Alexander Gaus and Demitrus “What do you mean?” But, the bottom line is, wow, what a Sutton. Read more on page 8. “Well, Mr. Secretary General, I have wonderful idea, what a treasure! been informed by Moscow that the Soviet Thank you! Union has ceased to exist.” The room goes totally silent. Best, Melissa Rossi 5 Winter 2007–2008 The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Special Thanks to Oral History Donors ADST Staff and Board give thanks to Oral History interviewees who contributed to our Oral History fundraising campaign: RUDOLPH AGGREY NORMAN GETSINGER RICHARD MCCOY RALPH & SHIRLEY RUEDY ANDREW ANTIPPAS JOSEPH GILDENHORN PAUL MCCUSKER DEAN RUST ROBERT ASHER PAUL GOOD STEVENSON MCILVAINE IRV SABLOSKY ROBERT BARBOUR JAMES GOODBY TERRY MCNAMARA DONNA SANDIN PATRICIA BARTZ EDGAR GORDON EDMUND MCWILLIAMS HAROLD SAUNDERS QUENTIN R. BATES JOSEPH GREENE MARGARET MELTON STANLEY SCHIFF CHESTER BEAMAN BRANDON GROVE ROBERT MILLER DAVID SCHOONOVER ROBERT & METTE BEECROFT WILLIAM C. HAMILTON WILLIAM GREEN MILLER JILL SCHUKER WILLIAM BELTON ALLEN HANSEN PATRICK MORRIS JOSEPH SEGARS STUART BERNSTEIN RUTH HANSEN ALFRED MOSES ALEXANDER SHAKOW PHILIP BIRNBAUM LAWRENCE HARRISON TONY MOTLEY DAVID SHEAR PAUL BLACKBURN JANE HART LILLIAN P. MULLIN KITTY SHERWIN COLE BLASIER DOUG HARTLEY PATRICK MULLOY DAVID SHINN WILLIAM BODDE GERALD HELMAN MR. & MRS. MICHAEL NEWLIN DEREK SINGER RICHARD BOEHM DOUGLAS HENDERSON DAVID NEWSOM VICTOR SKILES RICHARD BOGOSIAN GEORGE HIGH ROBERT NOOTER RALPH STUART SMITH MICHAEL BOORSTEIN DAVID HITCHCOCK HAVEN NORTH RICHARD SMITH PARKER BORG LEWIS HOFFACKER BOB & PHYLLIS OAKLEY ROBERT SMITH TOM BOYATT HENRY HOLMES NANCY OSTRANDER STEPHEN SOLARZ WILLIAM BREWER FISHER HOWE RON PALMER MONCRIEFF SPEAR PETER BRIDGES ROY HUFFINGTON RICHARD PARKER RONALD SPIERS JAMES R. BULLINGTON FRANKLIN HUFFMAN MILDRED PATTERSON WELLS STABLER JOHN BUSHNELL EDMUND HULL SUE PATTERSON HOWARD STEELE HODDING CARTER WILLIAM HUTCHINSON FRANK PAVICH STEVEN STEINER HERMAN COHEN EDWARD & SUSAN INGRAHAM EDWARD PECK JOHN TODD STEWARD IRVIN COKER RICHARD JOHNSON DONALD PETTERSON MARY ANN STOESSEL MICHAEL COTTER RALPH KATROSH CHRISTOPHER PHILLIPS ROBERT STUART CHARLES T. CROSS ROBERT KEELEY JAMES PHILLIPS JOHN STUTESMAN SYLVIA CZAYO DOUGLAS KEENE THOMAS PICKERING ALBERT THIBAULT JONATHAN DEAN ANDREW KILLGORE JOHN PIELEMEIER VLADIMIR TOUMANOFF FRANCOIS DICKMAN FRANCIS KINNELLY PHILIP PILLSBURY HANS TUCH DOROTHY DILLON ROGER KIRK MICHAEL PISTOR THERESA TULL ROBERT DILLON DONALD KURSCH JAMES PLACKE JEAN VANCE GILBERT DONAHUE CHARLES LAHIGUERA LAWRENCE PLOTKIN NICHOLAS VELIOTES NEAL DONNELLY JOSEPH LAKE WILLIAM POPE GEORGE VEST ROBERT DREXLER HOWARD LANGE WILLIAM PRIMOSCH RICHARD VIETS ROBERT DUNCAN STEPHEN LEDOGAR MARJORIE RANSOM GEORGE WARD THOMAS DUNLOP RUBIN LEV ROBIN RAPHEL DOUGLAS WATSON THOMAS DUNNIGAN HERBERT LEVIN TOM RESTON WINIFRED WEISLOGEL ROBER ERNST SAM LEWIS ROBERT G. RICH JOSEPH WHEELER GORDON EVANS BILL LITTLEWOOD CECIL RICHARDSON LEWIS WHITE PATRICIA LYNCH EWELL WINGATE LLOYD YALE RICHMOND JAMES WILLIAMS RAY EWING WINSTON LORD JONATHAN RICKERT LARRY WILLIAMSON RICHARD FOX JAMES LOWENSTEIN ROZANNE RIDGWAY ERNEST WILSON CHAS FREEMAN WALTER LUNDY OWEN ROBERTS FRANK WISNER ROBERT FRITTS DAYTON MAK GIL ROBINSON MICHAEL WYGANT SAMUEL FRY ROBERT MARTENS JORDAN THOMAS ROGERS PARKER WYMAN EDWARD GABRIEL ROBERT MARTIN STEPHEN ROGERS JOHNNY YOUNG SAM GAMMON FREDERICK MASON ANNA ROMANSKI STANLEY ZUCKERMAN HAROLD GEISEL RICHARD MATHERON GUNTHER ROSINUS DAVID ZWEIFEL Cox Language Award Winners A proud partner of the Foreign Service Institute, ADST organized the selection of the 2007 Cox Language Awards recipients.

The winners were: Karim Khodjibaev (Tajik and Farsi) and Raveendiran Padigalingam (Tamil); Danuta Konefal (Polish) and Hafiz Latify (Dari) received Honorable Mentions. From left to right: Mr. Khodjibaev, Mr. Latify, Les McBee (ADST Exec. Dir.), Ruth Whiteside (FSI Director), Mr. Padigalingam, Greta Morris (FSI Dean), Ms. Konefal. The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Winter 2007–2008 6 ADST Bookshelf ADST-DACOR Diplomats and Diplomacy Books New Acquisitions he ADST-DACOR Diplomats and Diplomacy Series launched its G. R. Berridge, Gerald Fitzmaurice thirtieth and thirty-first volumes this fall–– James “Spike” Stephenson’s (1865–1939), Chief Dragoman of the TLOSING THE GOLDEN HOUR and DISTINGUISHED SERVICE, British Embassy in Turkey (Martinus the autobiography of the late Lydia Chapin Kirk, edited by Roger Kirk. Nijhoff, History of International Forthcoming in the series in winter–spring 2008 are Yale Richmond’s Relations, Diplomacy, and Intelligence PRACTICING PUBLIC DIPLOMACY: A COLD WAR ODYSSEY (Berghahn Series, 2007)—the first full assessment Books) and former ambassador Jean M. Wilkowski’s ABROAD FOR HER of a feverishly energetic and influential COUNTRY: TALES OF A PIONEER WOMAN U.S. AMASSADOR (University “intriguer, negotiator, intelligence of Notre Dame Press). Three more titles have been adopted for the series; one, gatherer, propagandist, and awe- former ambassador William B. Milam’s BANGLADESH AND PAKISTAN: inspiring expert on Ottoman affairs.” FLIRTING WITH FAILURE IN SOUTH ASIA, is under contract with London publisher Hurst & Co. David T. Jones and David Kilgour, Uneasy Neighbo(u)rs: Canada, the USA n November 2007, Potomac Books deputy secretary of state, wrote that and the Dynamics of State, Industry Ipublished James Stephenson’s “[Stephenson’s] account fills in the and Culture (Wiley, 2007)—retired Losing the Golden Hour: An Insider’s blanks between policy decisions in FSO Jones and Canadian MP Kilgour View of Iraq’s Reconstruction. A veteran Washington and implementation, or examine the two countries’ shared yet of post-conflict reconstruction on lack thereof, in Iraq . . . [and] is a vivid separate destinies, played out in such three continents, Stephenson was reminder of the limits of American issues as national identity, economics, USAID Mission Director power.” Losing culture, religion, defense, human in Iraq from February 2004 the Golden Hour rights, and the environment. to March 2005—from the tells of hubris, last months of the Coalition incompetence, Harry H. Kendall, Farm Boy in the Provisional Authority (CPA) courage, fear, and Foreign Service: Telling America’s Story to the post-election handover duty. It is about to the World (1st Books, 2003)— to an Iraqi government. With foreign assistance a retired U.S. public diplomat’s memoir more than a thousand employees professionals that portrays critical events and the and expatriate contractors, trying to overcome work of rank-and-file diplomats in Stephenson’s USAID program the mistakes of foreign cultures when communism was encompassed infrastructure, an ill-conceived the nation’s chief concern. community development, occupation and local governance, agriculture, help Iraqis create Dennis Lamb, Some Lessons Learned: private-sector development, a nation after A Foreign Service Oral History (self- policy reform, capacity building, decades of despair. published, 2005)—a “third-generation education, health, democracy As Stephenson version” of the author’s ADST oral initiatives, election support, writes: “Iraq has history interview with Ray Ewing, civil society, and humanitarian been—in blood corrected and edited to enhance its assistance. He found the CPA, which and wealth—America’s costliest value. oversaw the largest ever reconstruction foreign venture since Vietnam. This and nation-building exercise, a book tells what it was like to live and Anne R. Pierce, Woodrow Wilson & dysfunctional organization the Defense work as a part of that venture.” Harry Truman: Mission and Power in Department had cobbled together James “Spike” Stephenson is a American Foreign Policy (Transaction, with temporary employees and a few retired senior Foreign Service officer 2007)—an independent scholar experienced professionals from State with twenty-eight years’ experience in assesses “Truman’s brilliantly construed and other agencies. rebuilding states at war or recovering version of Wilsonianism,” in a dialogue In emergency medicine, “the golden from war. He was USAID mission with America’s past foreign policies. hour” is the first hour after injury director in Lebanon and in Serbia when treatment greatly increases and Montenegro prior to Iraq. He Richard J. Schmierer, Iraq: Policy survivability. In post-conflict also served in Egypt, Grenada, and El and Perceptions (Institute for the transition terminology, it is the first Salvador. A decorated Vietnam War Study of Diplomacy, Georgetown year after hostilities end. Without veteran, Stephenson is a recognized University, 2007)—a senior U.S. public steadily improving conditions then, expert on post-conflict transition, diplomat’s firsthand account of factors, popular support declines and chances civilian-military cooperation, and perceptions, and policies in the post– for economic, political, and social counterinsurgency. Currently he Cold War era, especially the lead-up to transformation begin to evaporate. is a senior adviser for security and the Iraq war and its aftermath. Stephenson believes we lost Iraq’s development at Creative Associates golden hour—Iraqis soon became International, Inc. Rita and Eric Youngquist, Foreign disillusioned and insurgency Service Family, Vol. 1 (Voyageur, mushroomed. 2007)—a memoir of the first of In his foreword to the book, the family’s Foreign Service years, Richard Armitage, former primarily in Thailand. 7 Winter 2007–2008 The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training

ormer ambassador Roger Kirk naval attaché in London in 1939, should have been selected, but fearful of Fedited his mother’s memoir, Lydia Chapin Kirk packed up her what the assignment would entail”—and Distinguished Service: Lydia Chapin family and embarked on a lifelong characteristic acceptance—“Just as with Kirk, Partner in Diplomacy, 1896–1984, journey, becoming a firsthand witness the Normandy [D-Day] command, an intimate glimpse into life in the to the extraordinary world events of I knew Alan was secretly pleased and diplomatic corps, published in December her time. Her historical memoir offers looked forward to the challenge. He was by Syracuse University Press. An a fascinating portrait of a remarkable ready to face the Russians, as he had accomplished author of life, told first from the been to face the Germans. This being four books published in perspective of a young girl so, who was I, a service woman born and the 1950s and 1970s, in Erie, Pennsylvania, Paris, bred, to object, especially as this time Lydia Kirk captures the and Washington before I could share the challenge with him.” places and times in which World War I and then from Distinguished Service gives voice to the she lived, the youthful her husband’s postings as many strong women of her generation adventures and the wartime naval attaché and, later, whose untold contributions will inspire disruptions. With colorful as U.S. ambassador to readers of all backgrounds. prose and vivid detail, she Belgium, the Soviet Union, Roger Kirk served as U.S. ambassador offers personal impressions and Taiwan during the Cold to Somalia and Romania and to the of early twentieth century War. Her writing brings U.N. Organizations in Vienna. After society, mid-century alive the unique challenges retiring from the State Department diplomacy in Cold War and complex managerial in 1990, he taught at Georgetown hot spots, and leading and social responsibilities University, served as board chair of the figures such as President of a diplomat’s spouse, Washington International School, and Theodore Roosevelt, especially when facing the is now vice chair of a Washington, D.C., Soviet Foreign Minister perils of looming war, the think tank. He is coauthor of Romania Andrei Gromyko, and Madame challenges of Stalin’s Moscow, and versus the United States: Diplomacy of the Chiang Kai-shek. She has an artist’s lengthy separations from her husband Absurd, 1985–1989 (St. Martin’s Press, eye for her surroundings, revealing candid and children. 1994). As editor, he used his mother’s perceptions of human nature and a tolerant After President Truman selected letters and his own experiences with her but irreverent approach to humankind. Admiral Kirk to be his ambassador to complete and polish her manuscript. When her husband, Alan Kirk, to Moscow, Lydia reacted with Former ambassador Robert O. Blake was offered the assignment of U.S. ambivalence—“proud that my husband contributed the book’s foreword.

•------O R D E R F O R M ------BOOKS FOR ORDERING LOSING THE GOLDEN HOUR Virginia book buyers must add 5% sales tax An Insider’s View of Iraq’s Reconstruction by James Stephenson ____ Stephenson, LOSING THE GOLDEN HOUR @ $21 + S&H (in VA add $1.05 each) • Potomac Books, November 2007 ____ Kirk, DISTINGUISHED SERVICE @ $20 + S&H (in VA add $1 each) 195 pages, 16 illustrations, 1 map, appendix, index ____ Kormann, ECHOES cloth @ $41 + S&H (in VA add $2.05 each) Cloth $23.95 (members $21) ____ Kormann, ECHOES paper @$27 + S&H (in VA add $1.35 each) ____ Hansen, NINE LIVES @ $25 + S&H (in VA add $1.25 each) DISTINGUISHED SERVICE Lydia Chapin Kirk, Partner in Diplomacy, 1896–1984 by Lydia Kir,k, edited by Roger Kirk • Add $4.00 shipping & handling for your 1st book + $1 for each add’l book • Syracuse University Press, December 2007 (For Priority Mail add $6 for 1st book + $2 each add’l book. For shipments outside the 290 pp., 28 illustrations, index. continental United States add $15 for 1st, $5 each add’l.) Cloth $22.95 (members $20) • Check enclosed for $ ______, payable to ADST, or ECHOES OF A DISTANT CLARION • Please charge my: ______Visa ______MasterCard Recollections of a Diplomat and Soldier Account # + last 3 digits on signature strip on back of card by John G. Kormann • New Academia/Vellum Books, June 2007 ______Exp.Date______500 pages, 92 illustrations, notes, index Cloth $46 (members $41) Signature of cardholder______Paperback $30 (members $27) Name______Phone no______Street______NINE LIVES City ______State ______Zip ______A Foreign Service Odyssey by Allen C. Hansen • New Academia/Vellum Books, November 2007 Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training 443 pages, 19 illustrations, notes, glossary, index By mail: c/o Bentley, 2814 N Underwood St., Arlington, VA 22213-1515 Paperback $28 (members $25) Or: tel 703-302-6990; fax 703-302-6799; www.adst.org The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Winter 2007–2008 8 Publications interns get an in-depth look Les McBee Joins ADST Our Incredible Interns into the publishing process while editing DST is pleased to welcome DST’s fall semester interns, books by former American diplomats. In Leslie W. McBee as its new most from the American addition, we have thoroughly enjoyed a Aexecutive director. A career AUniversity Semester in working environment where diplomats member of the Senior Foreign Service, Washington Program, are an ring the bell of our little cottage on the Les comes to us after a two-year stint as impressively diverse and accomplished National Foreign Affairs Training diplomat-in-residence at the University group from eight universities and Center campus to tell the stories of their of California, Berkeley. Prior to that, he three countries. Their far-ranging eventful lives in the Foreign Service, served as consul general in Marseille, interests encompass an awe-inspiring through interviews or manuscripts. with responsibility for the French south, gamut that includes peace and conflict At ADST interns are introduced Corsica, and Monaco during what was studies, international journalism, to American diplomacy and foreign arguably the most difficult period for human trafficking, website design, affairs on a whole new level. From Franco-American relations since the and foreign affairs. Speaking for the simply taking the shuttle to NFATC conclusion of World War II. whole group, two interns—University with Foreign Service officers, to sitting Les was a happily productive Peace of Copenhagen student Elisabeth in on interviews with former diplomats, Corps Volunteer, living for two years in d’Auchamp, who worked on producing to talking about foreign affairs with a small village in Cote d’Ivoire where, a Country Reader on Danish-U.S. Executive Director LES MCBEE, the in addition to carrying out his project, relations, and Rachel Jurkowski of interns are constantly in an environment he learned to eat termites and wash Allegheny College, who edited and that promotes a better understanding them down with palm wine. He has also formatted a future volume in the ADST of our world and the U.S. role in it. We served at embassies or consulates in Italy, memoirs series—have written: are also encouraged to take advantage of both Congos, Finland, Fiji, the former Interning for ADST this fall has Washington’s rich learning opportunities, such Yugoslavia, and Malaysia. His languages been a fantastic experience. While many as a State Department Conference featuring include French, Serbo-Croatian, Italian, internships consist of filing paperwork, CONDOLEEZZA RICE, HENRY KISSINGER, and and not-so-hot Finnish. making copies, and perfecting the art JAMES SCHLESINGER or forums on American Les McBee is a native Californian of coffee brewing, interns at ADST diplomacy at various think tanks. who finished high school in Tehran, are assigned to work on either the Oral Our experience at ADST has been Iran, and subsequently earned degrees History project or the Publication Series. rewarding both on a personal and from the University of San Francisco Those working on Oral History are academic level. It will be hard to let and Columbia University. He succeeds responsible for compiling and updating go, but the invaluable experience and Dan Whitman, who has returned Country Readers, drawing from skills we have gained this semester will to the State Department. Les can be over 1,500 oral history interviews. continue to shape us as we continue our

reached weekdays at (703) 302-6991. education and contemplate our future.

UCCox – Clyde Taylor Clyde – UCCox Fellow Senior Grant, Steve

SSAA – Jon Wiant Wiant Jon – SSAA Manager Business Bentley, Marilyn

DACOR – Dan O’Donohue Dan – DACOR Director Publishing Thompson, B. Margery

CAA – Bruce S. Gelb S. Bruce – CAA Director Executive McBee, Les

AFSA - John Naland John - AFSA Director History Oral Kennedy, Stuart C.

ABAA – Kenton Keith Kenton – ABAA President Brown, L. Kenneth

AAFSW – Faye Barnes Faye – AAFSW Staff

AAD – Ronald Neumann Ronald – AAD

Ex Officio Ex Whitehead C. John

Terence A. Todman A. Terence

Allan Wendt Allan Jr. Stuart, D. Robert

Abelardo L. Valdez L. Abelardo Schneier Arthur

Timothy L. Towell L. Timothy Parker B. Richard

Edward M. Rowell M. Edward Palmer M.H. Robie

Nina T. Robbins T. Nina John L. Loeb, Jr. Jr. Loeb, L. John

Stephen Low Stephen Edward G. Lanpher G. Edward

Samuel W. Lewis W. Samuel James V. Kimsey V. James

Irvin Hicks Irvin Henry Kimelman Henry

Herbert Hansell Herbert Kempton B. Jenkins B. Kempton

Brandon Grove Brandon Janet Howard Janet

Allan E. Goodman E. Allan William C. Harrop C. William

Samuel R. Gammon R. Samuel Gloria Hamilton Gloria

Chas W. Freeman W. Chas Irvin D. Coker D. Irvin

Badi Foster Badi Elisabeth Bagley Elisabeth

Patricia Lynch Ewell Lynch Patricia Advisory Council Advisory

Wesley W. Egan W. Wesley

Michael E. Bryant E. Michael Colin L. Powell L. Colin

Kenneth Brown Kenneth Madeleine K. Albright K. Madeleine

Thomas Boyatt Thomas Warren M. Christopher M. Warren

Shirley Temple Black Temple Shirley Lawrence S. Eagleburger S. Lawrence

Stuart A. Bernstein A. Stuart James A. Baker III Baker A. James

Cresencio Arcos Cresencio George P. Shultz P. George

Chairman Alexander M. Haig M. Alexander

James T.L. Dandridge II Dandridge T.L. James Henry A. Kissinger A. Henry

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