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The cover: 25. Castelnau, Francis de Laporte, comte de: Vues et Souvenirs de l’Amerique du Nord. Paris: Chez Arthus Bertrand, 1842. A Critical Moment in American Constitutional History: The Virginia Resolutions of 1800 Protesting the Alien and Sedition Acts and the Expansion of the Armed Forces

1. [Alien and Sedition Acts]: [Quasi-War with France]: [Virginia Resolu- tions of 1800]: INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE GENERAL ASSEM- BLY OF VIRGINIA TO STEPHEN THOMPSON MASON AND WILSON CARY NICHOLAS, SENATORS FROM THE STATE OF VIRGINIA IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [caption title]. [Richmond: Augustine Davis, 1800]. [2]pp., a large broadsheet, printed in two columns on both sides. Old fold lines, with small separation at the center cross-fold. Light dampstaining at bottom edge, else very good. In a half morocco slipcase.

A rare printing of the Virginia Assembly’s instructions to the state’s U.S. Senators, explaining their reasons for opposing the Adams administration’s expansion of the American army and navy, the Alien and Sedition Acts, and the suspension of trade with France. This broadsheet includes the text of the Virginia Resolutions of 1800, authored by James Madison, which explicitly called on the Congress to repeal the Alien and Sedition Acts, and to curtail the increase in the size of the military. The so-called “Quasi War” with France was a major crisis for the Adams administration, and it had far-reaching policy ramifications. In order to defend against enemies foreign and domestic, Adams called for an increase in the size of the navy, tightened naval laws against France, abrogated treaties with the French and sus- pended trade with France, called 80,000 militia to active duty, and appointed George Washington commander-in-chief of a revitalized army (with Alexander Hamilton as second-in-command). Most controversially, Adams enacted (with Congressional approval) the “Alien and Sedition Acts,” which sought to suppress dissent against the President’s policies, and facilitated the deportation of foreigners whose presence was “dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States.” The most powerful protests against these measures came in the form of the Ken- tucky and Virginia Resolutions of 1798 authored, respectively, by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. These resolutions asserted the principle of “States Rights” over federal law, arguing for a narrow interpretation of the powers of the federal government, and the right of states to supersede federal authority on Constitutional grounds. Despite their strongly worded opposition, neither the Kentucky nor the Virginia legislatures sought to nullify or obstruct the disputed laws. There was a harsh backlash against the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions, with several other states expressing their disapproval. In response, James Madison, then a member of the Virginia Assembly, composed the “Report of 1800.” In it Madison backed down slightly from his earlier position (which he claimed had been misunderstood), asserting the right of a state to declare a federal action unconstitutional, but that this would be an expression of opinion not legally binding, simply a way of mo- bilizing public sentiment. The power to declare an act unconstitutional, Madison now said, resided with the courts. Nonetheless, he argued further that the ultimate power to decide constitutionality resided with the states, that they could override Congressional acts, and also those of the Supreme Court. The Report of 1800 included four resolutions, the full text of which are included in this broadsheet printing of instructions to Senators Mason and Nicholas. The resolutions call for a reduction in the size of the army and navy, and the repeal of the Alien and Sedition Acts. Another of them opposes the proposition that the English Common Law should be seen as a basis for American constitutional law. The broadsheet also records the procedural votes in the Virginia Assembly on each of the four resolutions, noting the names of those who voted for or against each one. The rest of the broadsheet consists of passionate but reasoned arguments against several of the Adams administration’s policies. In protesting the expansion of the army and navy, the Virginia Assembly notes that if the United States were to increase its military force in every case of European conflict, “a perpetual standing army would be the certain consequence of the recommendation.” It goes on to make a long and cogent argument against the need for a military build-up, quot- ing several of George Washington’s messages as President. The instructions also vigorously oppose the restriction of trade with France as injurious to the Virginia economy, especially with regard to the effect on the tobacco trade. The result of the sanctions, they argue, has been a deep decrease in the price of tobacco, and the monopolization of its trade by the British:

France and the markets supplied, or that could be supplied, through her, consume a very great proportion, of all the tobacco made in the U. States. Great Britain is supposed to consume not more than 10 or 11 thousand hogsheads. The consequence of passing this prohibitory act putting off one part of the continental market in Europe whilst the English fleet under the pretext of blockade, had cut off another, has been to throw almost the whole, of this great, and valuable staple, into the ports of Great-Britain; from which as a belligerent country, re-exportation to other markets, must be made with great difficulty, risk and charges whilst the monopoly thus thrown into a single market, has had the natural effect, of reducing the price of the article far below the usual standard....

Evans confusingly lists this broadsheet twice, once among his entries for 1798 (item 34939) and again for 1800 (item 38953). Since the text includes the four Resolutions of 1800, and notes the date of their passage ( January 11 of that year), 1800 is where it properly belongs. Evans ascribes the printing of this broadside to Augustine Davis, the official printer for the Virginia Assembly, and he locates copies at the American Antiquarian Society and the Boston Public Library. While AAS describes theirs in their current on-line catalogue, BPL does not, nor does OCLC or ESTC list the Boston Public Library copy. OCLC records the AAS copy, and locates only one other, at the University of Virginia, as does ESTC. A rare and important statement from the Virginia Assembly against the Alien and Sedition Acts, against the expansion of the army and navy, and protesting the deleterious effects of government sanctions against France on the Virginia economy. EVANS 38953. SWEM 8007. OCLC 24366814, 83615018. ESTC W13126. $15,000.

Endorsing the Boycott of British Goods in Boston: The “Boston Covenant”

2. [American Revolution]: WE THE SUBSCRIBERS, INHABITANTS OF THE TOWN OF [blank] HAVING TAKEN INTO OUR SERI- OUS CONSIDERATION THE PRECARIOUS STATE OF THE LIBERTIES OF NORTH-AMERICA, AND MORE ESPECIAL- LY THE PRESENT DISTRESSED CONDITION OF THIS IN- SULTED PROVINCE, EMBARRASSED AS IT IS BY SEVERAL ACTS OF THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT, TENDING TO THE ENTIRE SUBVERSION OF OUR NATURAL AND CHARTER RIGHTS; AMONG WHICH IS THE ACT FOR BLOCKING UP THE HARBOUR OF BOSTON...[caption title]. [Boston: Printed by Edes & Gill, June 1774]. Broadside, 12½ x 7½ inches, plus integral blank leaf. Old fold lines. Minor toning and soiling. Blank leaf docketed on verso in a contemporary hand. Very good.

A further step in a chain of events to outright revolution, preceded by the Boston Tea Party and the Intolerable Acts, this broadside petition is the so-called “Boston Covenant.” Sabin attributes authorship to Joseph Warren, who was chairman of the committee which prepared the petition. The signatories agree to “suspend all commercial intercourse with the said island of Great Britain, until the said act for blocking up the said harbour be repealed and a full restoration of our charter rights be obtained,” refrain from purchasing British goods, cease doing business with any colonists who do not refrain from commerce with Great Britain, and publicize the names of those who continue commerce with Britain. Another version of this petition was printed earlier in 1774, running forty-nine lines, and with differences in the text, mostly in the second half (see Sabin 101479, Evans 13163, Ford 1778). The present version, numbering forty-seven lines, was revised by the Worcester Committee of Correspondence. The name of the town and the date of the month in June are left blank, as they are in this copy, to be filled in when necessary. NAIP locates only four copies, at the American Antiquarian Society, the Library of Congress, The New York Public Library, and the Massachusetts State Library. Very rare and desirable. EVANS 13427. FORD, MASSACHUSETTS BROADSIDES 1779. SABIN 101479. NAIP w017103. $12,500.

The American Copyright Edition, with the Prospectus for the Double Elephant Folio Birds of America

3. Audubon, John James: ORNITHOLOGICAL BIOGRAPHY, OR AN ACCOUNT OF THE HABITS OF THE BIRDS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA; ACCOMPANIED BY DESCRIPTIONS OF THE OBJECTS REPRESENTED IN THE WORK ENTITLED THE BIRDS OF AMERICA, AND INTERSPERSED WITH DE- LINEATIONS OF AMERICAN SCENERY AND MANNERS. Philadelphia: Judah Dobson, agent; and H.H. Porter, literary rooms, 1831. xxiv,512pp. plus 16pp. prospectus for the full work. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt with leather label. Extremities worn. Text moderately tanned. Good plus.

The rare first volume of the American edition of Audubon’s text, originally intended to accompany the elephant folio edition of The Birds of America, his masterpiece of ornithological illustration published in London between 1827 and 1832. Of great interest are Audubon’s accounts of his travels and adventures in the American hinterlands, found throughout the volume both as part of the bird descriptions and as separate anecdotes. According to Low, “Had Audubon included the text with [the British publication of ] The Birds of America folio, he would have been required under the British Copyright Act of 1709 to deposit a copy in each of nine libraries in the United Kingdom. This would have been an intolerable expense. Therefore, he arranged to have the text published separately in five volumes under the title Ornithological Biography.” This work was published in Edinburgh between 1831 and 1839. In order to secure the separately issued American copyright, Audubon also needed to arrange publication of the text in America. In a letter to his brother- in-law, William Bakewell, Audubon wrote:

I find myself in a manner forced to publish a small edition of 500 copies of my first volume of Ornithological Biography in the U.S. to secure the copyright thereof. Philadelphia is the place I have pitched on for this undertaking and I employ there Donald McMurtry as the corrector of the proof sheets and [natural historian] Doctor Richard Harlan as my banker or money agent, further payment of the sum which I will have to distribute on account of said publication.

Audubon provided his brother-in-law with additional financial and copyright details regarding this American edition, and also noted the importance of securing the American copyright. He quoted the proofreader, McMurtry, who informed him that unless “I have a responsible friend [with access to funds] in the U.S. he could not undertake the publication, and should this publication fail to take place through me and under my name, I must lose the copyright of my book in the United S[tates] where any bookseller might publish it and reap the benefit...from it.” Audubon was successful in finding a publisher in Philadelphia, and this first volume did appear in a small edition in 1831, thus securing his American copyright to the work. No other volumes were immediately published, Audubon correctly assuming that his possession of the American copyright for volume one would prohibit other publishers from printing the other four volumes. This volume is also notable for containing the American prospectus for the double elephant folio Birds of America, with a list of the subscribers as it stood in 1831. SABIN 2366. HOWES A389. CLARK II:179 (ref ). MEISEL III, p.406 (other eds). SERVIES 1532 (ref ). Susanne M. Low, A Guide to Audubon’s Birds of America (New Haven & New York, 2002), p.5. $2250.

The First American Book on Geology and Mining

4. [Barba, Alvaro Alonso]: GRÜNDLICHER UNTERRICHT VON DEN METALLEN.... Ephrata: J. Georg Zeisiger, 1763. 198,[4],14pp., including a second titlepage within the pagination and a full-page plate on p.187. Contemporary ruled calf, raised bands. Boards rubbed and edgeworn, chipped at spine ends, small chip in front board. Lightly tanned and foxed. Overall, very good, in original condition.

The first book on mining and geology published in North America. Barba’s work was originally published in Madrid in 1640 as Arte de los Metales. Barba was a priest who was at Potosí, Peru when its silver mining industry was at its height. The book, the earliest on American mining, ores, and minerals, gives a description of the revolutionary practices being implemented in the mines. Barba describes the generation of metals, methods of extracting silver by mercury, the process discovered in 1607 for extracting gold, silver, and copper by boiling with a salt solution and mercury in a copper vessel, and the refining and separation of these metals. There is also a chapter on petroleum products in Peru and elsewhere. The plate shows mining tools and a brick oven. This Pennsylvania printing of Barba’s work makes it the first book printed in the British colonies on mining and mineralogy, and therefore a landmark publication. Why it was printed by the Ephrata Cloister, which operated the second German- language press in the colonies, is a mysterious and interesting question. Copper mines had been discovered in neighboring New Jersey in the early 18th century, but coal was not mined in Pennsylvania until the 1770s, and the Appalachian gold deposits were not discovered until after the founding of the United States. “Very rare imprint” – Sabin, who notes that a copy had been recently (i.e. 1886) priced in a dealer catalogue for $90. A rare work, and an Americana landmark. Rink locates seven copies. EVANS 9333. NAIP w018481. HILDEBURN 1873. SEIDENSTICKER, p.60. DOLL & FUNKE 399. ARNDT 267. RINK 769. SABIN 67375. $12,500.

Famous Southern Indian Narrative and Captivity

5. [Barber, Eunice]: NARRATIVE OF THE TRAGICAL DEATH OF MR. DARIUS BARBER AND HIS SEVEN CHILDREN, WHO WERE INHUMANLY BUTCHERED BY THE INDIANS, IN CAMDEN COUNTY, GEORGIA, JANUARY 26, 1818. ALSO AN ACCOUNT OF THE CAPTIVITY AND SUFFERINGS OF MRS. EUNICE BARBER, WHO WAS CARRIED AWAY CAPTIVE BY SAVAGES, AND FROM WHOM SHE FORTUNATELY MADE HER ESCAPE SIX WEEKS AFTERWARDS. Boston: David Hazen, [n.d., ca. 1818]. 24pp. including handcolored frontispiece. Contemporary plain paper wrappers, stitched. Manuscript title on cover, spine partially perished. Bookplate of Frank Cutter Deering inside front cover. Contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage. Internally clean. Very good plus. Untrimmed. In a morocco box and cloth chemise.

A fascinating and extremely rare Indian captivity, featuring murder and abduc- tion by Creek Indians, and playing a role in the growing reputation and legend of Andrew Jackson. On the evening of January 26, 1818, Mrs. Barber witnessed the slaughter of her husband and children by Creek Indians, “thirty or forty...standing over us with uplifted tomahawks!” Six of her children were scalped in their beds, and her ten- year-old daughter was murdered while Mrs. Barber held her in her arms. Eunice Barber was then taken back to the Indians’ village, a six-day trek across mountains and through swamps and thickets, where she was dressed in the garb and paint of a native. She was “witness to many of their brutal acts, and endured hardships, which it would have been impossible for many females to sustain; indeed human imagina- tion can hardly figure to itself a more deplorable situation.” She remained a captive for six weeks, during which she witnessed the torture of numerous captives, and was forced to take part in a battle against a rival tribe. During that battle she took the opportunity to surreptitiously kill her Indian master, who had been wounded. She was given to another master and kept prisoner a while longer before finally escaping into a nearby swamp and then through wilds for seven days before being rescued by a woodsman. The whole tale is told in the voice of Eunice Barber, and her name is signed in print at the conclusion of the text. There are two known editions of the captivity narrative of Eunice Barber: the present edition published by David Hazen in Boston, with no date but believed to be 1818, and an edition published with no imprint information at all, and also believed to have been done in 1818. It seems impossible to establish priority between the two. This edition contains a frontispiece showing Mrs. Barber pleading for the life of her daughter, which is not present in the other edition. It is intriguing to note that the titlepage prints Gen. Andrew Jackson’s name in nearly as large a type as that of Darius Barber. Jackson at this time was blazing a path through the Indian tribes of the Southeast. Though he flaunted and broke most laws of military conduct and many orders from his superiors, he was seen as a hero among the white settlers of the region. In this and other Indian captivity narratives, Jackson is trumpeted on the titlepage as the rescuer or avenger of the dead and captured whites. In the present edition of the Barber captivity, a caption below the title reads, “It may be a gratification to the reader, to learn that the said tribe of Savages has been since exterminated by the brave and intrepid Gen. Jackson, and the troops under his command.” Furthermore, in her text, Barber goes out of her way to describe the hatred which the Creeks feel for Jackson. She writes:

Among those who held me in captivity, there appeared to be many of the Creek nation, who harboured great inveteracy against the American troops for depriving them of their lands, particularly their commander in chief, General Jackson, whom, as all the neighbouring tribes had engaged to join them in the war against the whites, they vainly hoped soon to have in their power. So confident did they appear to be of this, that they really held meetings of con- sultation, to devise means how and in what way they should inflict the most excruciating torture upon him: his heart, it was pretty generally agreed, should be divided into as many detached pieces as there should be tribes engaged in the war, and a piece presented to each, while his scalp was to be the property of Francis, their distinguished leader. Thus had they agreed to dispose of their much dreaded enemy, General Jackson; little thinking then that this distinguished commander was so soon to march fearlessly into the very heart of their village, lay their wigwams in ashes, and compel them to sue for peace, which he has actually since done.

This paragraph is a rather incongruous addition to the Barber narrative, since Jackson played no direct role in her escape, and was only a post-facto avenger. Jackson’s prominent role on the titlepage – and this paragraph in the text – indicates that the publisher of the present edition of the Barber narrative may have been a Jackson partisan and a supporter of his actions in the First Seminole War, and intended the works to serve a political purpose in justifying Jackson’s highhanded conduct. Extremely rare and desirable. Howes indicates only four perfect copies known; OCLC locates six copies, at Yale, University of Michigan, the Huntington, Univer- sity of Minnesota, University of Virginia, and Simon Fraser University in British Columbia. The Siebert copy of this edition realized $20,400 in 1999. HOWES B118, “b.” FIELD 77. SABIN 51835. SIEBERT SALE 449. $29,000. 6. Barton, Benjamin Smith: A MEMOIR CONCERNING THE FAS- CINATING FACULTY WHICH HAS BEEN ASCRIBED TO THE RATTLE-SNAKE, AND OTHER AMERICAN SERPENTS. Phila- delphia: Printed, for the Author, by Henry Sweitzer, 1796. 70pp. Original marbled wrappers. Unobtrusive perforated stamp on front wrapper. Contemporary ink gift inscription on titlepage. Very good. In a half morocco clamshell case.

The first herpetological work printed in America, printed for private distribution only, and extremely rare. Evans mistakenly calls for six plates, an error corrected by Shipton & Mooney. This copy bears the gift inscription of one Isaac Hays, M.D. to the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia. Hays was a prominent Philadelphia ophthalmologist and a co-editor of the American Journal of Medical Sciences. SABIN 3816. EVANS 30037. $6500.

Unusual Southern Military Manual

7. Behn, George W.: A CONCISE SYSTEM OF INSTRUCTION, AR- RANGED AND ADAPTED FOR THE VOLUNTEER CAVALRY OF THE UNITED STATES. Savannah: Published for the author, 1842. 318pp., plus folding plate and numerous in-text illustrations. Portrait. Original green cloth, printed paper spine label. Cloth soiled, slight wear at spine ends and corners, spine label chipped. Scattered tanning, foxing, and staining to text. Good.

Only edition of this scarce southern military manual, by George W. Behn, captain of the Georgia Hussars. Among the most interesting aspects is the section at the rear giving the musical notations for trumpet or bugle signals, as well as the text of several hymns, including those for peace, for success in war, and for “disappointments in war.” The main text includes a glossary of military terms, drills for mounted and dismounted troops, saber exercises, a manual for pistols, and “evolutions” for troops and for squadrons or regiments. The illustrations show march formations, weapon handling, and horsemanship drills. Unusual and rare. DE RENNE, p.479. OCLC 15591934. $1500.

Indian Orator

8. [Benezet, Anthony]: AN ACCOUNT OF A VISIT LATELY MADE TO THE PEOPLE CALLED QUAKERS IN PHILADELPHIA, BY PAPOONAHOAL, AN INDIAN CHIEF, AND SEVERAL OTHER INDIANS, CHIEFLY OF THE MINISINK TRIBE. WITH THE SUBSTANCE OF THEIR CONFERENCES ON THAT OCCA- SION. London. 1761. 21,[1]pp. 16mo. 19th-century three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Extremities worn. Contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage. Lightly foxed. A good copy. In a red half morocco slipcase, spine gilt.

The Siebert copy of this rare work, which includes the speeches of Indian chief Papoonahoal. “Papoonahoal was an extraordinary Indian chief, who, in his native forests, before communication from Christian advisers had reached him, conceived the design of personal moral reform. To forward this purpose he took back to Philadelphia three white prisoners and several stolen horses which he had purchased from hostile tribes” – Jones. Papoonahoal’s speeches to the governor were much admired by Field, who calls them “models of good sense and religious conviction... worthy of a place on the same page with the most renowned sayings of the heroes of antiquity.” ESTC records only seven locations for this work. ESTC N15870. FIELD 1167. SIEBERT SALE 170. JONES 504. JONES II:173. SABIN 58493. $11,000.

A Rare, Miniature, Colonial Bible Epitome

9. [Bible – Miniature]: VERBUM SEMPITERNUM. The Seventh Edi- tion with Amendments. Philadelphia: A. Steuart, [1769]. [288]pp., final leaf blank. Miniature, 50mm. Contemporary embossed paper boards. Spine mostly perished, corners rubbed. Contemporary ownership inscriptions on front fly leaf. Later pink ribbon in book. Some light foxing. Very good.

An epitome of the Bible in verse, written by John Taylor and commonly known as the thumb bible. Thumb bibles were generally intended for a juvenile audience. This is one of the more common texts used in America and is dedicated to William, Duke of Gloucester, with the date of publication suggested by Welch. Because of their diminutive size and young audience, early thumb bibles are seldom found in fine condition. Rare, with only four copies located in ESTC. BRISTOL B2975. SHIPTON & MOONEY 42009. ADOMEIT, THUMB BIBLES A155. WELCH 1293.4. ESTC W5362. $2000.

The Third Philadelphia Directory

10. Biddle, Clement: THE PHILADELPHIA DIRECTORY. Philadelphia: Printed by James & Johnson, 1791. xviii,[2],187,[1]pp. 19th-century three- quarter morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Worn along joints and edges. Text lightly tanned. About very good.

The third Philadelphia directory, complete with the brief account of Philadelphia and the errata, which are not present in all copies. While easier to obtain than the extraordinarily rare first directory of 1785, the Biddle directory is a good deal rarer than the Francis White directory of the same year. It is one of the earliest directories from any American city, and the first comprehensive one issued in Philadelphia during the Federal period, when it was the seat of government for the country. NAIP locates a total of only nine copies. Quite scarce, and a significant early Philadelphia directory. SPEAR p. 273. EVANS 23205. NAIP w027615. HOWES B425, “aa.” $7500.

Jasper Yeates’ Copy

11. [Bidwell, Barnabas]: THE SUSQUEHANNAH TITLE STATED AND EXAMINED, IN A SERIES OF NUMBERS, FIRST PUB- LISHED IN THE WESTERN STAR.... Catskill: Mackay Croswell, 1796. 115pp. 12mo. Modern half calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, leather label. Minor toning and soiling, small abrasion to a few letters on title. Signature on title. Text uniformly toned. Very good plus.

Bidwell defends the Connecticut’s claim to the contested lands in the Wyoming Valley, which were also claimed by Pennsylvania. This pamphlet was “especially worthwhile for its discussion of the decision by the Commissioners of the Confera- tion [sic] made at Trenton, New Jersey” (Streeter) which argued in favor of Penn- sylvania. The issue was the cause of great controversy and the subject of a number of publications. Connecticut finally ceded the land to Pennsylvania in 1800, after the argument renewed by this pamphlet abated. This copy is signed on the title “J. Yeates”. This is Jasper Yeates, New York attorney and land speculator, now best remembered as one of the delegates whose secret diary gives us insight into the Federal Constitutional Convention in 1787, where he represented New York. EVANS 30091. VAIL 1050. STREETER SALE 982. HOWES B431, “aa.” $1750.

Inscribed to President Millard Fillmore

12. Boardman, H.A.: THE NEW DOCTRINE OF INTERVEN- TION, TRIED BY THE TEACHINGS OF WASHINGTON: AN ADDRESS DELIVERED IN THE TENTH PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, PHILADELPHIA. Philadelphia. 1852. 63pp., plus 24pp. of advertisements and 4pp. of advertisements tipped in at the front. Original printed wrappers. Inscribed by the author to President Millard Fillmore on the front cover. Internally clean. Very good.

Second edition. This address, given by Henry Augustus Boardman, pastor of the Tenth Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia and prolific author, denounces the policy of political intervention proposed by deposed Hungarian leader Lajos Kos- suth in his speech before Congress. Kossuth, who was briefly President-Regent of Hungary, fled the country in 1851 after the collapse of his power base. Considered a revolutionary, he was feted across England and America and addressed the Con- gress, exhorting them to intervene in the quarrels of foreign countries to support democracy and freedom. Boardman is highly critical of this idea. This copy is inscribed on the front wrapper: “President Fillmore – With Re- spects of the Author.” At the time of the address Fillmore was president of the United States, although he failed to win renomination later in the year. By the time Fillmore received this pamphlet, he probably shared Boardman’s views. Kossuth, a flamboyant figure, was invited to the White House at the time of his address to Congress, and used the opportunity to call for American intervention. Fillmore mildly rebuked him, making it clear that intervention in the affairs of Europe was not American policy. Kossuth was so angry at this, he behaved very badly for the rest of the evening. Millard Fillmore, one of the most literate of presidents, had one of the most extensive libraries of any president. $2000.

In a Philadelphia Binding by Robert Aitken

13. [Book of Common Prayer]: [Aitken, Robert]: [Bookbinding, Ameri- can]: DAS ALLGEMEINE GEBET-BUCH WIE AUCH DIE AD- MINISTRATION DER H. SACRAMENTEN...DER KIRCHEN VON ENGLAND.... The Hague. 1718. xliv,728,[2]pp. Later 18th-century red morocco, boards elaborately gilt, spine elaborately gilt with raised bands, morocco label. a.e.g., by Robert Aitken. Extremities rubbed. Modern bookplate on front pastedown. Titlepage trimmed at top and backed with later paper. Lightly foxed. Very good.

The Book of Common Prayer for the Anglican Church, translated into German. This copy was bound by Robert Aitken in Philadelphia, possibly for Bishop Wil- liam White. Aitken was a printer, engraver, and bookseller in Philadelphia and is most notable for printing the first complete English-language Bible in America. This volume is a lovely example of Revolutionary-era American bookbinding from one of the most famous American binders of the period. Willman and Carol Spawn, “The Aitken Shop: Identification of an Eighteenth Century Bindery and its Tools” in Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America LVII (1963), pp.422- 37. $3500.

An Early Appearance of the Boone Narrative

14. [Boone, Daniel]: [Filson, John]: Beers, Andrew: “Adventures of Col. Daniel Boon [sic], One of the Original Settlers at Kentucky; Contain- ing the Wars with the Indians on the Ohio, from 1769, to the Year 1784....” [Contained in:] BEERS’S ALMANAC AND EPHEMERIS... FOR...1795. Hartford: Printed by Hudson and Goodwin, [1794]. [36]pp. Illustration. 12mo. Gathered signatures, stitched. Tanned and somewhat soiled. Good. In a folding cloth chemise and a half calf and cloth slipcase, spine gilt.

One of the earliest printings of Filson’s Daniel Boone narrative, covering eight pages of the Beers almanac for 1795. Containing the story of Boone’s adventures in Kentucky (captioned at the end, “Fayette County, Kentucky”), his Indian captivity, and his trials and tribulations in the wilderness. It was through its dissemination in popular literature such as this that Boone’s legend was spread and made iconic. Also contains a one-page essay on “The Origin of Tobacco.” DRAKE 529. VAIL 938. AYER (SUPPLEMENT) 55. EVANS 26632. $4500.

A Cornerstone Americanum

15. Bordone, Benedetto: LIBRO DI BENEDETTO BORDONNE NEL QUAL SI RAGIONA DE TUTTE L’ISOLE DEL MONDO.... Ven- ice: Nicolo Zoppino, 1528. [10],73 leaves, including four double-page maps and two single-page maps, and numerous woodcut maps and plans in the text. A few leaves misnumbered. Small folio. 18th-century vellum, spine gilt, leather label. Boards and spine moderately soiled, leather label abraded. Title- page printed in red and black with text printed inside decorative woodcut border. Slight age-toning and occasional foxing. Small worm holes in first thirty leaves, barely affecting a few printed characters on each page. A very good copy.

The first edition of one of the earliest and most comprehensive works on the islands of the world, and a tremendous achievement of world cartography. Compared to the first work on world islands, or “Isolario,” by Sonetti (circa 1485), which contained only forty-nine maps, the 105 maps and plans included in Bordone’s effort mark a dramatic improvement in the attempt to map all known islands. Because of the rapid advances being made in the exploration of the New World, Bordone was able to include new cartographic representations of the north coast of South America, a substantial portion of New World island groups, and a new, dramatic rendering of the entire world. The map of the unnamed north coast of South America represents an early close illustration of what the Spanish referred to as “Terra Firma” and what would later comprise a large portion of the Spanish Main. Only four place names are given on the mainland: “Chanchite,” “Cuztana,” “Mazatambal,” and “Paria,” located in the Guianas. To the north lie Jamaica and Hispaniola, along with a cluster of other, most likely fictional, islands. The surrounding text describes Columbus’ forays in the region, a menacing island of cannibals, and more. The West Indies and other islands off the coast of the Americas are treated in considerable detail. Jamaica, Hispaniola, Cuba, Guadeloupe, and Martinique are each represented in a separate map, while two additional maps of island groups show Antigua, St. Martin, Santo Domingo, Rodonda, Monserrat, a fictional island representation of Brazil, and others. Like many works of this genre, the text includes lengthy treatments of each island, complete with brief histories and fantastical myths. The famous oval world map shows all of the known regions of the globe. Europe, Africa, and Asia Major are clearly labeled; but North and South America remain “terra del laboratore” and “ponete modo novo (part of the new world)” respectively, despite following by twenty-one years Martin Waldseemüller’s assertion that the new lands ought to be called “America” after Amerigo Vespucci. The map of “Ci- ampagu” is considered by some to be the earliest known map of Japan printed in Europe. “For a long time Bordone’s world map was cited as the first drawn on an oval projection, prior to the discovery of Francesco Rosselli’s map of c. 1508 using this form of construction. References within Bordone’s book indicate that he had been occupied on its compilation for many years prior to publication...His 1528 map is undoubtedly based on Rosselli’s oval one although there are several points of difference; for instance the omission of all antarctic lands and the separation of Asia and America. Rosselli’s truncated form of South America is retained” – Shirley. Bordone did not limit himself to the creation of excellent maps for the use of contemporary navigators and explorers. The view of Mexico City, captioned “La Gran Citta di Temistitan,” is one of the best early representations of the city, originally surrounded by water, before its destruction by Cortés. Numerous similar efforts that followed Bordone’s work displayed an increasingly insular view of the North American continent, making his publication considerably accurate for its time. A beautifully produced book and a cornerstone of early Americana. HARRISSE 145. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 528/2. SABIN 6417. SANZ 1003. BORBA DE MORAES, pp.98-99. PHILLIPS ATLASES 162. JCB (3)I:98-99. SHIRLEY, MAPPING OF THE WORLD 59. KRAUS, WORLD ENCOMPASSED 83. BUR- DEN, MAPPING OF NORTH AMERICA 8. SUAREZ, SHEDDING THE VEIL 18. LeCLERC 181. RODRIGUES 426-27. $35,000. The Merchants of Boston Complain of Their Taxes

16. [Boston Merchants]: OBSERVATIONS OF THE MERCHANTS AT BOSTON IN NEW-ENGLAND, UPON SEVERAL ACTS OF PAR- LIAMENT, MADE IN THE FOURTH, SIXTH, AND SEVENTH YEARS OF HIS MAJESTY’S REIGN, RESPECTING AMERI- CAN COMMERCE AND REVENUE, AND THEIR MILITARY AND CIVIL EXECUTION. [London]. 1770. [2],37pp. Lacks the half title. Modern three-quarter red morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Very minor toning and soiling. Very good plus.

Tract written by the merchants of Boston decrying the excessive taxation on the trade of the American colonies, much to the hindrance of commerce there. Matters addressed include the taxation of sugar, the interruption of fishing off the Grand Banks, and the search and seizure of American trading vessels by British authorities. The appeal contained herein notes that the colonists “have a right to expect and hope for...a repeal of all the acts imposing duties on any kind of goods imported into the British colonies for the purpose of raising revenue in America, being inconsistent with their rights as free subjects – the removal of every unnecessary burden upon trade, and that it be restor’d to the same footing it was upon before the act of the 6th of George the Second, commonly call’d the sugar-act.” AMERICAN CONTROVERSY 69-8c. AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE 63c. ESTC T4119. $1750.

The First Book by the First Poet of New England

17. Bradstreet, Anne: THE TENTH MUSE LATELY SPRUNG UP IN AMERICA. OR SEVERALL POEMS, COMPILED WITH A GREAT VARIETY OF WIT AND LEARNING, FULL OF DE- LIGHT...ALSO A DIALOGUE BETWEEN OLD ENGLAND AND NEW, CONCERNING THE LATE TROUBLES...By a Gen- tlewoman in those parts. London: Printed...for Stephen Bowtell..., 1650. [14],207pp. Blank A1 not present. Titlepage and four following leaves in expert facsimile. 16mo. 20th-century sheep in period style. Extremities lightly rubbed. Leaves A7 and A8 slightly chipped at foredge and expertly repaired without loss of text, several leaves trimmed close, some contemporary ink staining. A good copy of a legendary rarity.

First edition of the first book by the first poet of New England, a foundation work of American literature and written by the first American female author. An exceedingly rare book by any measure. Anne Bradstreet was the daughter of Governor Thomas Dudley of Massachusetts. She married Simon Bradstreet, who afterward became governor of the same colony. According to Roger Stoddard, “this is the cornerstone of New England Belles Lettres.” No perfect copy has appeared at auction since 1949 (the Britwell-Harmsworth copy). We have handled two other copies, similarly imperfect, in 1990 and 1996. CHURCH 498. WING B4167. WEGELIN 28. $20,000.

By an American Hero of the French and Indian War

18. [Bradstreet, John]: AN IMPARTIAL ACCOUNT OF LIEUT. COL. BRADSTREET’S EXPEDITION TO FORT FRONTENAC. TO WHICH ARE ADDED, A FEW REFLECTIONS ON THE CON- DUCT OF THAT ENTERPRIZE, AND THE ADVANTAGES RE- SULTING FROM ITS SUCCESS. By a Volunteer on the Expedition. London: Printed for T. Wilcox [et al], 1759. [4],60pp. Modern half calf and marbled boards, gilt morocco label. Near fine.

A scarce and important account of the French and Indian War, probably written by Bradstreet himself, a rising officer in the British Army. This work gives a detailed account of his most famous exploit, an audacious and skillfully coordinated expedition in the summer of 1758 through the New York wilderness and across Lake Ontario to destroy the French Fort Frontenac, a major turning point in the French and Indian War. A strong argument is also made that the time was ripe for seizing control of the Lakes from France, and that British forces needed to take a more offensive posture, the implication being that British commander James Abercromby should be replaced. “One of the best contemporary accounts of the war, possibly written by Bradstreet himself ” – Howes. A copy of this sold at Christie’s in June of 2011 for $12,500. HOWES B711, “b.” SABIN 7301. STREETER SALE 1023. SIEBERT SALE 166. TPL 6461. JCB (1)III:1203. $12,500.

A Statement of Principal by the Library Founder

19. Bray, Thomas: A LETTER FROM DR. BRAY, TO SUCH AS HAVE CONTRIBUTED TOWARDS THE PROPAGATING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE IN THE PLANTATIONS [caption title]. [N.p., but probably London. 1700]. 3pp. printed on a folded sheet. Folio. Some soiling on final blank page. Overall a very good copy, untrimmed. In a large folding paper board case.

A rare printed circular letter written by Bray immediately upon his return from Maryland. Founder of the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge, Bray was engaged in the important work of establishing parochial libraries in the colonies. In 1695 he was appointed by the governor of Maryland to assist in dividing the province into parishes. While waiting for a new act to be passed, he spent time looking for missionaries to be sent to the province. He found that he could enlist only poor men unable to buy books, and he seems to have made the provision of parochial libraries a condition of his going to Maryland. He was responsible for establishing no less than thirty-nine libraries in North America, the first being that at Annapolis. It was felt that he could do greatest service to the church in Maryland if he returned to England to have the law, which had run into several difficulties, enacted. The opening words of the present letter reflect a sense of ur- gency: “Being apprehensive that my so sudden Return for England, may occasion some misconstructions...I thought my self in duty...bound, to represent hereby a General View of those Reasons, which have induced me to make it so soon, and unexpectedly.” He then gives seven reasons for his return from Maryland:

It is the joint request of the Clergy of Mary-land, who...urged me...that I should go over with the Law for England; not that the Quakers are openly, and the Papists more covertly, making efforts against the Establishment of our Church by false representations....That to impose upon them an Establish’d Maintenance for the Clergy, would be prejudicial to the interest of the Province, by obliging so many wealthy Traders to remove from thence. The Falsity of which they thought me best able to make appear, by means of my late Parochial Visitations, throughout the greatest part of the Province...by which...I shall be enabled to give an Account of the Names of all Heads of Families, and of the Religion and Morals of every individual Man, Woman and child, Freeman and Slave, White and Black, throughout Mary-land.

Bray speaks of the church in America as being but in its “infancy,” but goes on to mention the state of religion in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and the East and West Jerseys; and the success of parochial libraries in Pennsylvania, New York, New Eng- land, Carolina, Bermuda, and the Leeward Islands. He concludes with a summary of advances and achievements up to the time of the letter, particularly the advances made in educating the black population. This letter is sometimes mistakenly considered an issue from Bradford’s New York press (see Evans), but the statements herein make it more probable that it was printed in England after Bray’s return in 1700. A rare and important work. SABIN 7478. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 700/28. WING 4293A. EVANS 903. BAER MARYLAND 197. $5000.

20. [British Colonies in America]: [Iron Export]: REASONS FOR EN- COURAGING THE IMPORTATION OF IRON IN BARS FROM HIS MAJESTY’S PLANTATIONS IN AMERICA [caption title]. [London. 1737?] [1]p., docketed on verso. Folio. Minor foxing and soiling. Manuscript completions of pricing information. Very good.

Lobbying memorial explaining the need to export iron ore from the American colonies to aid in British manufactures and reduce foreign dependency. Manuscript completions indicate that iron advanced from “13 l. to 22 l. per ton” in the year 1717, at which time there was a rupture of trade between Britain and Sweden, her main supplier previously. Only one copy in ESTC, at the National Archives in London. ESTC N41476. $1250. Famous American Crook and Confidence Man: The Streeter Copy

21. Burroughs, Stephen: MEMOIRS OF STEPHEN BURROUGHS. [with:] ...VOLUME II. Hanover, N.H.: Benjamin True, 1798, and Boston: Caleb Bingham, 1804. Two volumes. [2],vi-vii,[8]-298; 202pp. Portrait on newsprint pasted to verso of second volume titlepage. First volume: Modern calf. Second volume: 12mo. Contemporary calf, neatly rebacked in matching style. Some foxing and toning. A very good set.

The Thomas W. Streeter-Frank S. Streeter copy, with their bookplates on the front pastedowns, and Thomas Streeter’s pencil notes on the front pastedown of the second volume. A complete set of this memoir of a notorious swindler and con man, including the notoriously rare second volume. Burroughs (1765-1840) was born in Hanover, New Hampshire, the son of a Congregational minister, and quickly gained a reputation as a troublesome child. He ran away from home at age fourteen, joined the army only to desert shortly thereafter, and then enrolled at Dartmouth. He left college early, went to sea as a privateer, and impersonated a ship’s physician. Back in New England he impersonated a minister in Pelham, Massachusetts, and was soon caught counterfeiting money. Burroughs was imprisoned in Northampton, where he tried several times to escape before setting fire to the jail, which resulted in his incarceration at Castle Island in Boston Harbor. He escaped from the island fortress, was recaptured, and served out his term, eventually moving to Canada, where he became the leader of a counterfeiting ring. Later in life he reformed, joined the Catholic church, and became a teacher to privileged youth. “One of the great criminal autobiographies, and an important piece of picaresque Americana” – Streeter. As the second volume was published some years later in a different city, and evidently in much smaller numbers, complete sets are virtually impossible to come by. Shaw & Shoemaker locate only three copies of the second volume. STREETER SALE 724 (this copy). SABIN 9466 (not noting 2nd volume). HOWES B1022, “aa.” EVANS 33478. NAIP w020739. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 5957. Appleton’s Cyclopædia I, p.470. $6500.

First of the Andros Tracts

22. Byfield, Nathaniel: AN ACCOUNT OF THE LATE REVOLUTION IN NEW-ENGLAND. TOGETHER WITH THE DECLARATION OF THE GENTLEMEN, MERCHANTS, AND INHABITANTS OF BOSTON, AND THE COUNTRY ADJACENT. APRIL 18, 1689. London. 1689. 20pp. Small quarto. 20th-century brown morocco, spine gilt. Modern bookplate of Frederick B. Adams, Jr. on front pastedown. Inter- nally clean. Near fine.

A most important work for the history of New England. Sir Edmund Andros, the governor of Massachusetts appointed by Charles II, was overthrown in the spring of 1689 because of his harsh and overbearing rule. This pamphlet explains the position of those who removed him from power and their protestations of loyalty to the British Crown. Following Byfield’s text is a printing of Increase Mather’s The Declaration of the Gentlemen..., on pages 7-19. Page 20 prints a letter to Sir Edmund Andros, royal governor of the Dominion of New England, written and signed in type by prominent Boston citizens on April 18, 1689, demanding the surrender of the government. Scarce. CHURCH 708. SABIN 9708. ESTC R17463. WING B6379. $12,500.

Attack on Cotton Mather’s Witchcraft Books

23. Calef, Robert: MORE WONDERS OF THE INVISIBLE WORLD: OR, THE WONDERS OF THE INVISIBLE WORLD, DISPLAY’D IN FIVE PARTS.... London: Printed for Nath. Hillar..., 1700. [12],156pp. Small quarto. Modern blue polished calf, tooled in gilt, spine gilt extra. Faint ink stamp on verso of titlepage. Minor scattered foxing and toning. Very good.

This well reasoned castigation of the proceedings of the courts in Massachusetts was written by Robert Calef, a Boston merchant, in response to Cotton Mather’s Wonders of the Invisible World, wherein Mather sets forth his account of the supposed cases of witchcraft in Massachusetts. Calef attacks Mather personally, as well as the hysteria engendered by the witch scare. The first copies of this book to reach Boston were supposedly burned, and it historically has been a very rare piece of colonial Americana. SABIN 9926. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 700/36. HOWES C25, “b.” WING C288. $17,500.

Printed by the First Printer in the New World

24. Carpenter, Edwin H.: A SIXTEENTH CENTURY MEXICAN BROADSIDE. Los Angeles: The Plantin Press, 1965. 14pp., plus printed form (completed in manuscript) in pocket. Folio. Half cloth and paper boards. Small nick to top edge of front board, some minor soiling, else fine.

A 16th-century Mexican broadsheet from the collection of Dr. Emilio Valton, in the extremely rare book with explanatory text by Edwin Carpenter. The piece present here is a carta de poder (or power of attorney) form accomplished on March 28, 1594 in Mexico City, by the second printer in the New World, Pedro Ocharte. Ocharte took over the press from Juan Pablos and operated it until 1592, so this form was not used until some time after it was printed. Valton owned a total of thirty-nine pre-1600 broadsheets. This represents virtually the only chance to own an example of the first press in the New World. $2000.

A Major Rarity of Illustrated American Travel Books

25. Castelnau, Francis de Laporte, comte de: VUES ET SOUVENIRS DE L’AMERIQUE DU NORD. Paris: Chez Arthus Bertrand, 1842. Thirty- five lithographed plates (thirty-four mounted India paper proofs, plate 19 printed on regular paper). Half title. Quarto. Contemporary black morocco backed paper covered boards with vellum tips, covers bordered in gilt, spine gilt with raised bands, marbled endpapers. Scattered minor foxing to the text and plate mounts, plate 19 age-toned. Very good. Provenance: Marie Seok’Han de Kersabiec, nee Beaujeu (bookplate); Ecole Normale, Congregation Notre Dame, Sherbrooke, Ouest [Montreal] (ink stamp on title). See cover of this catalogue for another illustration

Among the rarest books of North American views, including views of Florida, Georgia, Alabama, the Great Lakes region, and parts of Canada. “Born in London from an early age Castelnau took an interest in science and adventure, having read the accounts of Captain Cook and others, and having studied natural history under Cuvier and Saint-Hilaire. Between 1837 and 1841 he travelled through the United States and Upper and Lower Canada, studying their institutions and meeting many prominent people” – Howgego. The text contains a description of Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, and Lower Canada, based upon the authors travels. In his description of each region, Castelnau describes the agriculture, education, customs, etc., dividing each section to separately discuss “des blances, des noirs, and des indiens.” Castel- nau traveled in areas that were comparatively remote and had not been extensively pictured previously. From Florida he included views of Tallahassee, Key West, and the Everglades, while the scenes of Augusta and Columbus, Georgia are among the earliest of those infant cities. From the Great Lakes region he provided several scenes of Michilimackinac Island; an early view of Sheboygan, Wisconsin; two pictures of Quebec; and the “Entrée de la Rivière de Chicago, Illinois,” thus being referred to as the “first book to contain a view of Chicago” (Howes). The plates comprise:

1) “Tallahassée” 2) “Capitole de Tallahassée” 3) “Magnolia” 4) “Plantation sur le lac Jackson” 5) “Vues de la Floride” [4 views on one plate] 6) “Plantation sur le lac Lafayette (Floride)” 7) “Bois de la Floride” 8) “Chêne vert Riviere d’Appalachicola” 9) “Village Indien sur l’Appalachicola / Riviere d’Appalachicola / Arsenal a Mont- vernon / Chemin de feu de Tallahassee” [4 views on one plate] 10) “Arsenal a Key West” 11) “Key West Golfe du Mexique” 12) “Chûtes de la Chattahoutchie (Alabama)” 13) “Hotel de ville de Millegville (Georgie) / Pont d’Augusta – Georgie / Pont de Columbus (Georgie et Alabama)” [3 views on one plate] 14) “Wissegong Indien Chippeway (Michigan)” 15) “Piniswaneket (l’oiseau dans le Nuage) Indienne Chippeway (Michigan)” 16) “Fort Howard dans le grande Baie verte (Ouisconsin)” 17) “Danse de guerre des Folle – avoines de la Baie verte (Ouisconsin)” 18) “Presqu’île Michigan / Sheboigan Ouisconsin / Fort Gratiot Michigan / Entrée de la Rivière de Chicago, Illinois” [four views on one plate] 19) “Guerrier Folle Avoine Grande baie verte” 20) “Indien Delaware Monses, Lac Winnebagoe” 21) “Roche Folie de Robinson, Ile de Michilimakimac” 22) “Village des Folle – Avoines Ouisconsin” 23) “Roche dite le Pain de Sucre, Ile de Michilimakimac” 24) “La roche arquée, Ile de Michilimakimac” 25) “Village Ottowa, Ile de Michilimakimac” 26) “Fort Americain, dans l’Ile de Michilimakimac” 27) “Ile de Michilimakimac (Lac Huron)” 28) “Fort Brady (Lac Supérieur)” 29) “Banc de sable dit l’Ours endormi, Lac Michigan” 30) “Indiens hurons (Canada)” 31) “Chûtes St. Marie, Lac Supérieur” 32) “Bracelets, Nattes, Armes, Raquettes et Instrumens de musique des Indiens de l’Amerique du Nord” 33) “Ornemens, calumets, boites, etc. des Indiens d l’Amerique du Nord” 34) “Marches naturelles prés de Québec” 35) “Cascade de la riviere de Monmarency (Canada)”

The work seems to have been issued on regular paper or as India proofs, as here (one plate from the present copy is on regular paper but appears issued as such and not supplied at a later date). Castelnau’s Vues, in either form, are very rare, with only a handful of copies trading on the market in the last century. $45,000.

26. [Catlin, George]: NOTICE SUR LES INDIENS IOWAYS, ET SUR LE NUAGE BLANC, 1ER CHEF DE LA TRIBU, VENUS DES PLAINES DU HAUT-MISSOURI, PRES DES MONTAGNES RO- CHEUSES (TERRITOIRE DES ETATS-UNIS, AMERIQUE DU NORD). Paris: Imprimerie de Wittersheim, 1845. 24pp. plus eight plates. Original salmon wrappers, front wrapper printed in the manner of the titlepage, rear wrapper bearing a Catlin illustration. Wrappers a bit soiled. Four leaves with a tear in the upper margin, not affecting text. Very good. In a quarto-sized half morocco box, gilt spine label.

When a group of Ioway Indians arrived in England in the summer of 1844, artist George Catlin seized the opportunity and hired them to perform in London. Af- ter a successful tour through the British Isles, the group accepted an invitation to perform in Paris, and Catlin moved them and his Indian Gallery to France, where they were enthusiastically welcomed and performed for King Louis Philippe and the royal family. Accompanying the Ioway were their translator, Jeffrey Doraway, and by their promoter, G. H. C. Melody, whose names are listed on the titlepage of the present work. Catlin recounted his adventure with the Ioway in Catlin’s Notes of Eight Years’ Travels and Residence in Europe.... This pamphlet reproduces eight Catlin illustrations, plus another on the rear wrapper. The text describes the thirteen Ioway (chiefs, braves, and squaws), their appearance, costumes, mores, religious habits, and their fearsome dances, depicted in three of the plates. It also describes their performance for the French royal family at the Tuileries. Though well-represented in institutional collections, this pamphlet is rare in the market. The Braislin copy brought $22.50 in 1927. Not in Field. This is the first copy that we have encountered. SABIN 47467. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 704a. BRAISLIN SALE 1300 (“very rare”). $1750. 27. [Chaff, Gumbo, pseudonym]: THE ETHIOPIAN GLEE BOOK; A COLLECTION OF POPULAR NEGRO MELODIES, AR- RANGED FOR QUARTETT CLUBS. No. 3. Boston: Published by Elias Howe, 1849. [2],115-167,[1]pp. Original yellow printed wrappers, front cover lacking. Rear wrapper lightly soiled and chipped. Contemporary pencil ownership inscriptions on front fly leaf. Lightly soiled. About good.

Excellent black songster, with music and words for forty-two songs, including “Darkies, Our Master’s Gone to Town,” “My Lubly Clementine,” “Ole Virginny,” “Picayune Butler,” “Yaller Gals,” and others. It is noted as “No. 3” on the titlepage, and paginated in such a way as to make it the third part in a series of songsters. The first part was published the previous year. The headline above the title reads: “Published under de sankshun and wid de approbashun ob all de Darkey Bands truout de United State.” $1250.

Item 28. Champlain Takes on the Iroquois: A Foundation Work of New France

28. Champlain, Samuel de: VOYAGES ET DESCOUVERTURES FAITES EN LA NOUVELLE FRANCE, DEPUIS L’ANNEE 1615. JUSQUES A LA FIN DE L’ANNEE 1618. PAR LE SIEUR DE CHAMPLAIN.... Paris: Chez Claude Collet, 1619. Engraved and letterpress titlepages followed by [6],158 leaves (including four full-page engraved plates on text leaves), plus two folding plates. Lacks the final two blank leaves (V7 and V8), as did the Siebert copy. 12mo. Early 20th-century crushed red morocco by Riviere & Son, with a double-rule border on front and rear boards, spine gilt with raised bands, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Minute tears in edges of titlepages and dedication leaves. Very small, unobtrusive wormhole in upper outer margin of final thirty-four leaves (not affecting text). Folding plates trimmed close along outer edge (one with a short closed split along the fold). A very good copy.

First edition of Samuel de Champlain’s third work, with the first reports of his explorations of 1615 to 1618. Written primarily to encourage the continued patron- age of New France by Louis XIII, this volume gives much information on Native Americans of the St. Lawrence Valley and their customs, and the topography of upstate New York. “It describes his introduction to the Recollet Fathers as missionaries to the Indians, his exploration of the Ottawa River, Lake Huron, and Lake Ontario; the attack on the Iroquois fort in New York state; and his winter among the Hurons. The work also contains Champlain’s incomparable essay on the Hurons and other neighboring tribes. It includes Brule’s narrative of his experiences among the savages on the southern borders of New York, near the Pennsylvania line, and an account of the events which occurred in the settlements at Quebec” – Winsor. The engravings show Champlain’s attack on an Iroquois fort, male and female Indian costumes, a deer hunt, an Indian dance, and a burial. “The plates, illustrative of scenes in Indian life, are beautiful specimens of the engraving of the period” – Field. This is one of the most difficult of Champlain’s works to find. We note only three copies appearing at auction in the past thirty years. The Siebert copy sold for $51,750 in 1999 (to this firm), and then brought $74,400 when it reappeared at auction in 2009. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 619/35. CHURCH 375. HARRISSE NOUVELLE FRANCE 32. FIELD 273. SABIN 11836. WINSOR 4:132. LANDE 117 (1627 ed). $85,000.

The Cherokees Sell Their Hunting Grounds

29. [Cherokee Indians]: A CONVENTION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES, AND THE CHEROKEE NATION OF INDIANS, CON- CLUDED AT THE CITY OF WASHINGTON, ON THE SEV- ENTH DAY OF JANUARY, 1806. Washington: Duane & Son, Printers, 1806. 7pp. Printed self-wrappers. Dampstain in upper margin near fold, affecting all leaves but no text; small closed tear in lower margin of first leaf. Else near fine, unopened and untrimmed. In a half morocco box.

The very rare first printing of a critical treaty between the U.S. and the Cherokees, made at Washington by a delegation of Cherokee chiefs from the Cherokee Lower Towns and the government, signed in print by Secretary of War Henry Dearborn and Chief Doublehead. The treaty is an important step in stripping the Cherokees of most of the lands which had been guaranteed to them by the United States in earlier treaties, handing over to the government all of the Cherokee hunting grounds in the state of Tennessee and Alabama (the latter area including some land disputed with the Chickasaws. Because of this the treaty also promises that the U.S. will prevent conflicts regarding the new boundaries with the neighboring Chickasaws). The treaty was arrived at by duplicitous means on the part of the U.S. agent, Re- turn J. Meigs, and the government. The principal chiefs of the Cherokee Lower Towns, led by Doublehead, were bribed with money, grants of property which they could take over, and grants of land made personally to the chiefs who arranged the treaty. The treaty was so unpopular with the Cherokees that it led to a revolution within the tribe, and Doublehead was assassinated the following year as a direct result. However, it was too late and the Cherokees had lost their hunting grounds. The true first printings of virtually all of the Indian treaties prior to 1820 (as opposed to later appearances in the U.S. law volumes), are notoriously scarce. SABIN 96628. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 11549. DAB II, pp.575-76. DAH II, pp.85-86. William McLoughlin, Cherokee Renascence in the New Republic (Princeton, 1986), pp.92- 121. $9500.

Classic of New England Indian Wars, with Revere Engravings

30. Church, Thomas: THE ENTERTAINING HISTORY OF KING PHILIP’S WAR, WHICH BEGAN IN THE MONTH OF JUNE, 1675. AS ALSO OF EXPEDITIONS MORE LATELY MADE AGAINST THE COMMON ENEMY, AND ALL INDIAN REB- ELS, IN THE EASTERN PARTS OF NEW-ENGLAND.... Newport: Solomon Southwick, 1772. 198,[1]pp. plus two plates (including frontispiece). Antique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards, leather label. Ownership inscriptions on recto of frontispiece portrait. Light toning and soiling. Several leaves with neatly repaired marginal tears with no loss of text; old closed tear to second plate, skillfully repaired. Overall very good.

The second edition, after the exceedingly rare first published in Boston in 1716. One of the most popular narratives of King Philip’s War, mainly narrating the prowess and adventures of Benjamin Church, one of the most important officers in the War, by his son Thomas. This edition is notable for its two engravings by Paul Revere. The frontispiece portrait of Church is not based on any original image of him, but lifted by Revere from a 1768 portrait of Charles Churchill, with a powder horn added. One of Revere’s most famous engravings is the portrait of King Philip, actually based on one of Verelst’s engravings of the Indian Kings of Canada. Despite this, it is notable not only as a Revere engraving but also as the first portrait of an Indian actually printed in America. This second edition contains a sketch of the life of Benjamin Church, not found in the first edition. This copy also bears the contemporary ownership inscription of Isaac Backus, possibly the Baptist minister (1724- 1806) from Middleborough Massa- chusetts, who was a strong supporter of religious freedom and the author of several works. VAIL 611. HOWES C405, “b.” CHURCH 1091. EVANS 12352. SA- BIN 12997. $9500.

Lost Cotton, Lost Jobs

31. [Civil War]: THREATENED DISSOLUTION OF THE AMER- ICAN REPUBLIC, AND GREAT MOMENTARY PANIC AMONGST THE BRITISH MANUFACTURERS AND SHIPPING AGENTS. UPWARDS OF HALF A MILLION OF MERCHAN- DIZE FORCED UPON THE HOME MARKET AT AN ALARM- ING SACRIFICE...[caption title and first line of text]. [London. 1861]. Broadside, 15 x 9 inches. Small loss at bottom edge, neatly repaired. Lightly toned. Very good. Archivally matted.

As the Civil War opened, the southern states – here referred to as “the Land of Inhumanity, Cotton and Slaves” – believed that their control of cotton would be a deciding factor, bringing Britain into the war on their side. Nearly twenty percent of the entire British population depended in some way on the cotton trade and, as the Charleston Mercury announced on June 4, 1861, “the cards are in our hands, and we intend to play them out to the bankruptcy of every cotton factory in Great Britain.” Because of a record 1860 crop, however, there was no shortage of raw cotton at the beginning of the war. The decline in demand and the unwillingness of English merchants to trust the American export market for finished goods led to the dumping of existing stocks at reduced prices on the home market. This broadside advertises one such panicked sale, made by Aeneas Head, with cotton bales discounted 53.5% from the invoice prices. An interesting piece. $1250.

Item 31.

Training White Officers to Command Black Troops in the Civil War

32. [Civil War]: Taggart, John H.: FREE MILITARY SCHOOL FOR APPLICANTS FOR COMMANDS OF COLORED TROOPS, No. 1210 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. ESTABLISHED BY SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE FOR RECRUITING COL- ORED REGIMENTS. JOHN H. TAGGART, LATE COLONEL 12th REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA RESERVES, PRECEPTOR. Philadelphia: King & Baird, Printers, 1863. 12pp. Original black coated paper wrappers, printed in gold. Front wrapper detached but present. Front and rear wrappers heavily chipped. Some edge wear and a few closed foredge tears to the text, which is in otherwise very good condition.

The Free Military School for Applicants for the Command of Colored Regiments opened in Philadelphia in 1863 under preceptor John H. Taggart, once a colonel of the 12th Pennsylvania Reserve. This text describes the urgent need for officers to command black troops, lists the qualifications required of the applicants, and offers hints to those interested. By the date of this pamphlet’s publication, the school had received more than 1500 applications, of which 560 had been accepted. Officers accepted to the school underwent rigorous training and, once they passed, were sent into the field with a regiment of African-American soldiers. The school was formed and supported by the Philadelphia Supervisory Committee for Recruiting Colored Regiments, chaired by Thomas Webster, with Cadwalader Biddle as Secretary. The Committee also appealed to the local community of free African-Americans to join the ranks of the military by issuing announcements calling for them to fight for the United States, for those still enslaved, and to prove their equality as citizens. The school remained open until late 1864. OCLC locates only two copies, at the Clements Library and at Latrobe University Library in Australia, and we are able to locate another copy at the New York Public Library. Rare. SABIN 25711. OCLC 166604179, 221665163. $1750.

33. Codorniu y Ferreras, Manuel: ANGINA EXANTEMATICA DE MEXICO, Y DEMAS ENFERMEDADES ENDEMICAS Y EPI- DEMICAS DEL PAIS. Mexico: Martin Rivera, 1825. [4],xi,[1],182,[4]pp., including errata leaf and index leaf. Contemporary Mexican mottled sheep, ruled in gilt, spine gilt. Large chips at spine ends, boards rubbed, corners worn. Bookplate of Dr. Federico Gomez de la Mata of Madrid on front pastedown, and his ink stamp on titlepage. Quite clean and in very good condition internally.

“A sanitary work of extreme rarity” – Trübner (quoted in Sabin). Codorniu was an army doctor, wrote on medical issues, and was an active pamphleteer during the Mexican independence movement. Prompted by a scarlet fever epidemic then raging in Mexico, he discusses the relationship between topography and disease, and discusses the (incorrect) diagnosis by Dr. Frick of the U.S. legation of the disease as measles. Codorniu also has much in the book on the diagnosis of various diseases, and proposed treatments. Not in Palau, who does record other works by Codorniu on typhus, cholera, and yellow fever. OCLC lists only seven copies, and this is the only copy that we have ever seen on the market. Rare. SABIN 14143. WELLCOME II, p.365. OCLC 24261585. $1250. The Work of a Pioneering American Scientist

34. Colden, Cadwallader: AN EXPLICATION OF THE FIRST CAUSES OF ACTION IN MATTER; AND OF THE CAUSE OF GRAVITA- TION. New-York: Printed...and London Reprinted: for J. Brindley, 1746. 75pp. Modern three-quarter speckled calf and original marbled boards, spine gilt, leather label. Lightly toned. Very good.

The first British edition of Cadwallader Colden’s important early contribution to American scientific knowledge, first published in New York in 1745. Colden was an important political figure in the colony of New York throughout his long life. He is best known for his history of the Iroquois, but he was also a polymathic natu- ralist and scientist. Although his anti-Newtonian arguments ultimately proved to be fallacious, this work was nonetheless an important contribution. It was one of the first serious scientific works conceived and written in America, and was widely discussed at the time. Colden’s work was published in two editions in London, and also translated into French, demonstrating the interest in Europe in American scientific thought. Sabin asserts that this first English edition was brought out without Colden’s knowledge or consent. Benjamin Franklin attributed attacks on the publication to the reluctance of Europeans to learn from “us Americans.” Colden, with Franklin, was one of the founders of the American Philosophical Society. HOWES C559, “b.” SABIN 14268. DAB IV, pp.286-87. $7500.

The First American Road Atlas: A Legendary Rarity

35. Colles, Christopher: [A SURVEY OF THE ROADS OF THE UNIT- ED STATES OF AMERICA]. [New York. 1789]. Seventeen (of eighty- three) engraved single-page maps, engraved on copper by C. Tiebout, numbered 1-17. Small quarto. Original paper covered boards portfolio, with string ties, with the original broadside prospectus for the work affixed to interior of portfolio. Very good.

As an accurate guide for helping people and goods travel around the new United States, Colles’ work was of invaluable assistance to commerce and personal mobil- ity. The first parts were published in the year George Washington was sworn in as the nation’s first president. Colles’ guide was an important step toward national integration, and was emblematic of so many of his projects, in which he sought to improve transportation and communication through systems of roads and canals. In his introduction to a modern edition of the work, Walter Ristow calls Colles’ survey “one of the most detailed and comprehensive historical records of the United States at the time of its Constitutional establishment.” The Library of Congress recently chose Colles’ work as one of the “works that shaped America.” Colles’ map-sheets are in the form of “strip maps,” arranged side by side, two or three to a plate. The maps are divided into ten series depicting the roads connecting the major cities from Connecticut to Virginia: New York to Stratford, New York to Poughkeepsie, Stratford to Poughkeepsie, Poughkeepsie to Albany, Albany to Newborough, New York to Philadelphia (via Trenton), New York to Philadelphia (via Allentown and Mount Holly), Philadelphia to Annapolis, Annapolis to York, and Williamsburg to Hooes Ferry. The total distance covered by the maps is some 1000 miles. Each map shows twelve miles of road drawn to the same scale (one inch equaling four-sevenths of a mile) and is keyed to show the locations of Episcopal and Presbyterian churches, town houses, mills, taverns, blacksmith shops, bridges, and jails, and gives the names of inhabitants of houses near the road. The expected advantages of Colles’ Survey are discussed in the broadside Pro- posals for the work, which is affixed to the interior of the portfolio of this copy:

A traveller will here find so plain and circumstantial a description of the road, that whilst he has the draft with him it will be impossible for him to miss his way: he will have the satisfaction of knowing the names of many of the persons who reside on the road; if his horse should want a shoe, or his carriage be broke, he will by the bare inspection of the draft be able to determine whether he must go backward or forward to a blacksmith’s shop....It is expected many other entertaining and useful purposes will be discovered when these surveys come into general use.

Colles was able to create these very accurate maps by using a perambulator of his own invention, which measured mileage by adding up the revolutions of a wheel trailed behind a carriage. The maps for New York and Connecticut almost certainly drew on Colles’ own surveys. For the maps in Virginia, Colles drew on manuscript maps that George Washington’s engineers had made during the Yorktown campaign. Colles’ Maryland and New Jersey maps were derived from the manuscript maps of Robert Erskine and Simeon DeWitt, whose work was also commissioned by Washington in 1781. Burdened by a lack of capital, Colles relied on subscrip- tions to keep his road guide in production, and appealed unsuccessfully to the New York legislature for funds. Despite the support of the Post Office department, the United States Congress also denied him funds. Colles produced his maps between 1789 and 1792, a total of eighty-three in all. Cornelius Tiebout, one of the first American-born engravers, is identified on the titlepage as the engraver of the work, but it seems evident, due to variations in style and symbolism, that more than one engraver was employed. In the end, the project was a financial failure. Born in Ireland, Christopher Colles (1739-1816) worked as an engineer, aiding in the construction of canals. He arrived in Philadelphia in 1771, advertised his services as a machine designer, surveyor, architect, and mathematics tutor, and worked at developing a steam engine. In 1774 he proposed a plan to replace New York City’s wells and springs with a water system of reservoirs and pipes. Sympathetic to the American cause, Colles fled New York City when the British occupied it. During the Revolution he travelled around New York state, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Connecticut, likely making personal surveys of the roads he travelled. Colles may have also instructed a few Continental Army artillery officers in mathematics. In the early 1780s, Colles unsuccessfully proposed a plan to George Washington for improving the navigability of the Ohio River, and he is credited with first proposing a system of canals connecting the Hudson River with Lake Erie, which saw its fruition in the construction of the Erie Canal. This copy of Colles’ Survey has the original broadside prospectus for the work affixed to the interior of the portfolio. The Library of Congress copy as well as the Streeter, Church, and Brinley copies also contain the prospectus. The text of the broadside in this copy is in the second state, identifying Colles as “of New-York” and containing an additional paragraph of text (as in the Library of Congress copy). Ristow, in his census of Colles’ Survey, located only fourteen copies with eighty- three maps, and another nine copies containing from sixteen to eighty-two maps. NAIP also locates copies at Harvard and Rutgers. There is also a copy in the David Rumsey collection containing sixty-six maps. The present copy contains maps 1-17, comprising complete suites of the road from New York to Stratford (maps 1-7) and from New York to Poughkeepsie (maps 8-14), as well as the first three maps showing the road from Stratford to Poughkeepsie (i.e. the road from Stratford to Danbury). The prospectus reveals Colles’ intention not only to sell the work via subscription, but also to sell individual sheets: “non-subscribers shall pay three cents for each page of the work.” “One of the most valuable historical records of the United States for the Revolutionary War years and those immediately following. It is not only the earliest American road book, but ranks also as one of the first private map publishing ventures” – Ristow. EVANS 21741. NAIP w022401. SABIN 14411 (mentioning 74 plates). HOWES C584, “c.” CHURCH 1236. STREETER SALE 3963 (to Sessler, for $3500 in 1969). BRINLEY SALE 4818. RINK 5376. RISTOW, pp.158-62. SCHWARTZ & EHRENBERG, pp.209- 10, plate 130. PHILLIPS MAPS, pp.867-68. AMERICA EMERGENT 81. VIRGINIA IN MAPS, pp.61, 116-77. PAPENFUSE & COALE, pp.45, 65. SNYDER, MAPPING OF NEW JERSEY, pp.78-83. Deborah Epstein Popper, “Poor Christopher Colles: An Innova- tor’s Obstacles in Early America” in Journal of American Culture (28:2, June 2005), pp.178-90. Walter Ristow, editor, A Survey of the Roads of the United States of America (Cambridge, Ma., 1961). Broadside Proposals: EVANS 21740. NAIP w010191. RINK 5375, 5376. $28,000.

The First Laws of Gran Colombia

36. [Colombia]: CUERPO DE LEYES DE LA REPUBLICA DE CO- LOMBIA. TOMO I. Bogota: Bruno Espinosa, 1822. [2],267,[1],xi pp. Small quarto. Contemporary calf. Hinges cracked, spine partially perished, covers heavily scuffed and worn, corners heavily worn and chipped. Contem- porary gift inscription of Pedro Gual Escando on front fly leaf. Internally clean and fresh. Good.

The first volume of the laws of Gran Colombia, containing an early printing of the Constitution. Gran Colombia – a federation comprised of Venezuela, Colom- bia, Ecuador, Panama, and parts of present-day Peru and Brazil – was the federal republic established by Simon Bolivar after Colombia declared independence from Spain in 1810 and the several years of civil war which followed. The federation only lasted from 1819 to 1831; the constitution was drafted at the Congress of Cucuta in 1821, making Bogota the capital and officially electing Bolivar president. A second volume of laws was published in 1826. This copy with a gift inscription by Pedro Gual Escando (1783-1862), Secretary of Foreign Affairs of Colombia and later President of Venezuela. An important document in the history of Colombia and South America. PALAU 65955. $5000.

The Confederate Constitution as Sent Out for Ratification, Compared to the United States Constitution

37. [Confederate Constitution]: CONSTITUTION OF THE CON- FEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA [and] UNITED STATES OF AMERICA [caption title]. [Montgomery, Al.: Shorter & Reid? 1861]. 21pp., printed in double columns. Dbd. Toned, some soiling. Final three text leaves dampstained. Good. In a half morocco and cloth box, spine gilt.

A rare, early, and extremely important printing of the Constitution of the Con- federacy – the version that was sent out to the seceded states for ratification. This printing was done shortly after the adoption of the constitution by the Confederate Congress on March 11, 1861, and includes the text of the Confederate Constitution and the United States Constitution in side by side columns. As shown by Parrish and Willingham, it was this printing that was sent out by the Confederate Con- gress to the various legislatures of the seceded states so that they could debate the constitution and vote on its ratification. This dual printing throws the similarities and differences between the two documents in stark contrast. Parrish and Willingham mention that this printing of the two constitutions was usually accompanied by a letter from Howell Cobb, President of the Confederate Constitutional Convention, which read: “I herewith transmit to you a certified copy of the Constitution...as adopted by the unanimous vote of the Convention; to be placed before the State Convention, over which you preside, for its approval and ratification. It will be seen that the Convention have conformed to the general wish of the people of these States, in adopting a Constitution upon the general principles of the Constitution of the United States. The departures from the provisions of that instrument have been suggested by the experience of the past; and are intended to guard against the evils and dangers which led to the dissolution of the late Union” (as quoted in Parrish and Willingham). Once secession became a reality in late 1860, the rebellious states had to decide what form of government they would take. As in 1787, when the original thirteen states wove themselves into the United States through a constitution, the South wove itself into a Confederacy by creating their own constitution. In early February, 1861, representatives of the seceded states met in Montgomery, quickly approving a provisional constitution, and then moving on to the task of drafting a permanent constitution. The Confederate Constitution is a striking document in its similarities to – and differences from – the United States Constitution, a subject that has been much studied by recent scholarship. In fact, the goal of the Confederate Congress was to create a document that took the best parts of the Federal constitution, but tried to eliminate its perceived weaknesses. Power was decentralized, away from the central government and toward the individual states. The President of the Confederacy was limited to a single six-year term, and was given a line-item veto of Congressional appropriations. The power of the Congress to impose taxes was greatly limited, and general treasury funds were prohibited from being used to fund local internal improvements. Government subsidies to industry and tariffs on imports were prohibited, reflecting the southern preference for free trade. Also, “the institution of negro slavery as it now exists in the Confederate states, shall be recognized and protected by Congress and by the territorial government.” Several of the provisions of the federal Bill of Rights were also incorporated into the Confederate Constitu- tion, including the right to keep and bear arms, protection from unreasonable search and seizure, the right to trial by jury and against excessive bail, etc. The great expert on Confederate imprints, Richard Harwell, wrote:

The Constitution of the new government is an inevitable selection for... Cornerstones of Confederate Collecting. It is the truly representative document of the deliberations at Montgomery and a succinct demonstration of the political faith of the South in 1861, significant not only for its deviations from the old Constitution but also for its general adherence to it.

Parrish and Willingham locate only six copies of this early printing of the Confeder- ate and United States constitutions, and OCLC adds one other. Not in Crandall. We see no copies in auction records for the past thirty-five years, and are unaware of any other copies appearing on the market. An important document in the history of the Civil War and American constitutional thought. PARRISH & WILLINGHAM 2. HARWELL, CORNERSTONES OF CONFEDER- ATE COLLECTING, p.8. OCLC 56170522. HOWES C672 (ref.) $45,000.

Confederate New Testament

38. [Confederate Imprint]: THE NEW TESTAMENT OF OUR LORD AND SAVIOUR JESUS CHRIST. TRANSLATED OUT OF THE ORIGINAL GREEK; AND WITH THE FORMER TRANSLA- TIONS DILIGENTLY COMPARED AND REVISED. Augusta: Con- federate States Bible Society, 1862. 303,80pp. 12mo. Contemporary linen spine with drab boards. Boards lightly worn. Contemporary ink notation inside front cover. Very minor toning and soiling. Very good.

A scarce Confederate New Testament, together with the Psalms, printed by the Confederate States Bible Society. PARRISH & WILLINGHAM 8361. $1750.

39. Cook, G.D. & Co.: G. & D. COOK & CO’S DESCRIPTIVE CATA- LOGUE OF CARRIAGES, NEW HAVEN, CONN. [New Haven]: T.J. Stafford, [1859]. 97pp. plus frontispiece. Oblong. Original brown cloth stamped in blind and gilt. Cloth lightly faded, extremities lightly worn. Front inner hinge cracked. Minor wear and soiling to text, heaviest to titlepage. Very good.

Handsomely illustrated catalogue of carriage-maker G. & D. Cook & Co. of New Haven, displaying eighty lithographed images of different carriages, with a brief history and description of New Haven. G. & D. Cook & Co. was founded in the 1850s and collapsed in 1861 under the economic pressures of the Civil War. They reformed as a joint stock company, but that also failed. During the Civil War the company manufactured an early form of bullet-proof vest for Union soldiers at the front lines. Only two copies of this work turn up in OCLC, at the University of Illinois and the Henry Ford. $1500.

Airships Across the Atlantic in 1859

40. Crane, William T.: SKYENCE OVER SKILL [caption title]. New York: Designed, drawn on stone & published by W.T. Crane, 1859. Lithograph, 20 x 24 inches. Some soiling, a few light stains at edges. Closed tear in upper margin. About very good. Framed. Not examined out of frame.

A fascinating and rare satirical lithograph, addressing the competition between the United States and Great Britain for transatlantic communication and transit, and celebrating America’s perceived superiority in lighter than air flight. On the left side of the image is pictured the brand new “Great Eastern” steam ship, just built in Great Britain. Designed to carry passengers, cargo, and mail across the Atlantic in record time, the Great Eastern was the largest ship of its day, and could carry enough coal to make the transoceanic voyage without stopping. In this image, however, the Great Eastern is the object of ridicule, shown being pulled by sea monsters while a disgruntled Neptune sits on a rock and mutters, “Confound these old land lubbers, they have driven me from my element with their wires & screws.” A mermaid wonders “why my old friend Barnum never thought of this!” Unhappy passengers are shown on the deck of the Great Eastern, and the reason for their frustration is depicted in the upper right corner of the lithograph, showing the “Great Western” airship. The Great Western was the invention of the American aeronaut, Thaddeus S.C. Lowe, who was a pioneer in trying to build mammoth, long distance balloons. Lowe had recently devised a balloon called the City of New York, which was re-christened the Great Western in an attempt to capitalize on and challenge the Great Eastern. The lithograph depicts the Great Western laden with delighted passengers, advertising that it could go from New York to London in forty-eight hours, proclaiming that there was always “room for one more” pas- senger and jibing, “give us your specie and mail bag.” A few years later the Great Eastern would participate in the laying of the transatlantic cable. This lithograph was “designed, drawn on stone & published by W.T. Crane.” Little is known of Crane as a lithographer, and he is not included in Peters’ America on Stone. He is best known for a series of Civil War drawings he made for Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper. OCLC locates only a single copy of this lithograph, at the University of Southern California, but that appears to be for a glass plate negative of the print. OCLC 663191377. $3000.

41. Davis, Noah, Rev.: A NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF REV. NOAH DAVIS, A COLORED MAN. WRITTEN BY HIMSELF, AT THE AGE OF FIFTY-FOUR. Baltimore: Published by John F. Weishampel, Jr., [1859]. 86pp. plus [4]pp. of advertisements. Portrait and frontis. 16mo. Origi- nal brown cloth, stamped in blind and gilt, rebacked in matching cloth with portion of original backstrip laid down. Cloth a bit faded, corners bumped. Very good.

The author’s stated purpose in writing this book was to “raise sufficient means to free his last two children from slavery....” Davis was pastor of the Saratoga Street African Baptist Church in Baltimore, the facade of which is depicted in the frontispiece. He describes his early life in Virginia, apprenticeship as a shoemaker, religious conversion, marriage, purchase of freedom for himself and his wife (and later five of his children), their move to Baltimore and experiences there, and the founding and development of his church. WORK, p.311. SABIN 18870. $2500. Important Early Study of a Native Language of Peru

42. Del Canto, Francisco: [Peru]: ARTE, Y VOCABULARIO EN LA LENGUA GENERAL DEL PERU, LLAMADA QUICHUA, Y EN LA LENGUA ESPANOLA. Los Reyes [i.e. Lima]: Por Francisco del Canto. 1614. [4],35,28-31 [i.e. 36-39], [1],[176] leaves. Last five leaves provided in expert facsimile. Contemporary limp vellum. Light to moderate soiling to binding; corner of rear cover chipped. Titlepage mutilated around the edges, affecting first portion of title text; mounted on newer leaf. Second leaf clumsily repaired around the edges, not affecting text. Trimmed closely at the top, affecting text in some places. Light soiling. Good.

An important Indian language work, from the first (and at the time only) press in South America, printed only twenty-eight years after the beginning of printing there, and twenty-six years before the Bay Psalm Book was published. Del Canto, the owner and operator of the only press in South America at the time, was only the second printer in Peru. He acquired his press directly from Antonio Ricardo, the first printer in South America. This work begins with a grammar of the Quecha language, followed by Quecha-Spanish and Spanish-Quecha dictionaries. The book is in a handy smaller format for use in the field. Medina says this work is “extraordinariamente raro,” and it is lacking from many of the great collections. This work is generally credited to Del Canto, the author of the introduction, but parts of it may be by Gonzalez Holguin, whose other works on Peruvian Indian language were published in Lima in 1607 and 1608. Sabin attributes authorship, however, to Ludovico Bertonio. Only eight copies on OCLC. MEDINA (LIMA) 58. VARGAS UGARTE 79. PALAU 17729. SABIN 5020. JCB (3) II:101. OCLC 6783843, 251190642. $22,000.

Early Theatre in the Nation’s Capital

43. [District of Columbia]: [Theatre]: WASHINGTON THEATRE...ON MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 6, WILL BE PRESENTED THE COMEDY OF THE SCHOOL OF REFORM; OR, HOW TO RULE A HUSBAND....TO WHICH WILL BE ADDED...THE CELEBRATED GRAND HEROIC PANTOMIME...HERCULES & OMPHALE...[caption title]. Washington City: W. Cooper, [1813]. Broad- side, 21½ x 8¼ inches. Minor soiling and wear. Contemporary manuscript corrections. Very good.

The Washington Theatre was the second theatre in early Washington. The first was the National Theatre, originally formed by Thomas Wignell and Alexander Rein- agle with the company from Philadelphia’s Chestnut Street Theatre. The National Theatre opened in 1800 in an unfinished hotel. Within three years money was raised for a second, more permanent theatre, which would be suitable to entertain Jefferson, Madison, and other important personages in the new capital. On Nov. 16, 1804 the Washington Theatre opened its doors on Pennsylvania Avenue. The first season completed Dec. 17, 1804, and the theatre did not reopen its doors until the following autumn. In 1808 the Wignell company began regular summer seasons, which had the benefit of getting the company out of Philadelphia during the yellow fever season, as well as providing uninterrupted practice for the cast and crew. The season of 1808 began on September 7 and lasted a mere nine nights; the season for 1809 ran from June 13 to August 7. Closed in 1810 due to lack of success, the theatre was advertised for sale June of 1811. It failed to sell, and the company reopened for a summer season later that month. They managed to stay open for the next several summer seasons, despite war with Britain and a terrible theatre fire in Richmond in December 1812 which killed eighty people and caused a country-wide anti-theatre crusade. By 1813, when this broadside was printed, the War of 1812 was raging. This copy is particularly notable for its contemporary annotations, with fourteen cast and scene changes marked. If these are taken as last-minute changes, the annotations provide a great deal of information about the actual performance of Sep- tember 6, as well as the dramatic exegesis caused by losing, for example, the singer Mrs. Green, which caused the song “Bright Chanticleer” to be entirely cancelled. An extensive description is given of the pantomime of “Hercules & Omphale,” choreographed by James Byrn. Byrn created a number of ballets in America, some of which he later staged in London. The playbill also indicates that the epilogue to “School of Reform” was spoken by the English actress Mrs. Mason, a brilliant comedienne of the times. Aside from a unique playbill at Harvard, this is the earliest surviving broadside of a Washington, D.C. theatre; the next nearest is 1816. Unique and interesting. $3750.

A Great Louisiana Rarity: The Siebert Copy

44. [Dumont, Georges Marie]: MÉMOIRES HISTORIQUES SUR LA LOUISIANE, CONTENANT CE QUI Y EST ARRIVE DE PLUS MEMORABLE DEPUIS L’ANNEE 1687.... Paris: J.B. Bauche, 1753. Two volumes. Six engraved folding plates (three with two images), and a folding map of Louisiana. Half titles. Contemporary marbled paper covered boards, rebacked with calf, original black morocco labels, pink endpapers. Un- cut on two sides. Very good. Provenance: Frank T. Siebert (his sale Sotheby’s New York, 28 October 1999, lot 674).

A rare and important early history of French Louisiana. “One of the best contemporary histories of French Louisiana, based on the author’s twenty-five-year residence in the colony as an army officer, engineer, and planter. The first volume describes the natural history and life of the inhabitants, Europeans and Indians; and the second volume is devoted to the military and political history of the colony from about 1717 to 1740, especially the Indian wars. Dumont’s work is the first reliable account of much of Louisiana” – Streeter. This work contains the important account of Moncacht-Apé, the Yazoo Indian whose narrative is the first of an overland trip up the Missouri River to the Pacific Northwest Coast. The engraved plates depict four different tree specimens, while the wonderful plans show New Orleans and Fort Rozalie des Natchez, as well as a typical Louisiana house plan. The handsome folding map of Louisiana notes the different Indian tribes and vil- lages in the region. This is one of the few reliable firsthand accounts of French Louisiana in the mid-18th century, and far rarer than the works of Bossu or Le Page du Pratz, the other cornerstones of the time and place. From the famed library of Frank T. Siebert: this is the only copy to appear at auction in the last fifteen years. HOWES L250, “b.” FIELD 463. SABIN 9605. STREETER SALE 125. GRAFF 1173 RADER 1233 EBERSTADT 123:25. SIEBERT SALE 641. JCB (1)III:996. $9500.

The Election of 1824

45. [Election of 1824]: WANTED, NOT UNTIL MARCH 4th, 1825, AN HONEST, INTELLIGENT AND FAITHFUL MAN SERVANT, TO SERVE THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES, AS THEIR PRESIDENT...[first line of text]. [N.p. 1824]. Broadside, 11 x 9 inches. Old fold lines. A few small stains. Very good.

A scarce and intriguing campaign broadside from the 1824 presidential election presented in the form of a “help wanted” ad, naming no specific candidate, but calling for an honest man to be a servant to the people, uncorrupted and incorruptible. The broadside repeatedly calls for representation of the common man over political cronies, support of American goods and interest over foreign concerns, and plain honest speech over flattery and rhetoric. In a cry that hearkens down through the years to the present day, it states:

Above all things he must be a Republican in deed and in truth: one who will acknowledge and found his practice upon the broad principles which are the foundation of the federal constitution, who will remember that Government was instituted for the common good, and not for the interest or agrandize- ment [sic] of a few at the expense of the many: who will keep an eye over the State Treasury and see that the expenses of the American family do not exceed their income; one, in short, who is not too proud to acknowledge that he is no more than the first servant of the people, and will neither be ashamed or afraid to do their will and attend to their interests in preference to those of all the Intriguers, Courtiers and Flatterers on earth.

In the election of 1824, none of the four candidates running for office – Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, William H. Crawford, and Henry Clay – secured a majority of electoral votes, and the decision was thrown into the House of Repre- sentatives. Henry Clay, who was one of the candidates, was compelled to cast the deciding ballot by virtue of being House Speaker. He chose John Quincy Adams over Andrew Jackson, and much controversy ensued over an alleged “corrupt bar- gain” between Clay and Adams, with Adams naming Clay as his Secretary of State. Jackson would win the 1828 election against the incumbent Adams, partially as a backlash from the election of 1824. Only three copies in OCLC, at Brown University, the Huntington, and the New-York Historical Society. OCLC 54042567, 58786287, 228709189. $1500.

With a Series of Colonial Engraved Maps, Printed in New York

46. [Evans, Lewis, et al]: A BILL IN THE CHANCERY OF NEW- JERSEY, AT THE SUIT OF JOHN EARL OF STAIR, AND OTH- ERS, PROPRIETORS OF THE EASTERN-DIVISION OF NEW- JERSEY; AGAINST BENJAMIN BOND, AND SOME OTHER PERSONS OF ELIZABETH-TOWN, DISTINGUISHED BY THE NAME OF THE CLINKER LOT RIGHT MEN. WITH THREE LARGE MAPS, DONE FROM COPPER-PLATES.... New York: James Parker, 1747. 124,11,[1],13-24,[1],25-39pp. plus three folding maps. Folio. Late 19th-century polished calf, spine and boards gilt, leather label. Heraldic bookplate on front pastedown, contemporary ownership inscription of Hendrick Remsen on front fly leaf. Occasional minor stains. Bound at the end is the March 7, 1747-48 issue of The New-York Gazette (No. 268). A very good copy.

This highly important work is of interest for a number of reasons: its primary author, James Alexander, achieved great fame as the lawyer of Peter Zenger; it contains some of the first maps engraved in America; it was seen through the press by Ben- jamin Franklin and his New York partner, James Parker; and it is a vital document in settling the long-standing land disputes of colonial New Jersey. Streeter calls it “one of the most remarkable documents of colonial times.” The land disputes dealt with in this document had their origins in overlapping Crown grants made by Charles II, which came to a head in arguments over quitrents and surveys in the 1720s. James Alexander, who had been surveyor-general of New Jersey before becoming a lawyer and winning fame as the successful defender of Zenger, undertook on behalf of the Board of Proprietors of the Eastern Division of New Jersey to assemble the evidence for a Bill in Chancery to settle the matter. He assembled the material published here in the 1740s, arguing the proprietors’ case with “great subtlety and complexity,” according to Streeter. Alexander consulted Benjamin Franklin concerning publication, and the printing work of the letterpress was executed by James Parker of New York, a partner of Franklin. However, Franklin advised that proper map engraving could not be accomplished in Philadelphia or New York, and work on the three maps was farmed out to James Turner of Boston. The now-famed cartographer, Lewis Evans, drew the maps, the first showing North America from Cape Hatteras to Boston; the second showing early survey and boundary lines, Indian paths, and major roads; and the third showing surveys and purchases in East New Jersey. The maps were available to purchasers in both colored and uncolored format. Those present here are in the uncolored state. These are some of the earliest maps drawn and engraved in the colonies, and as such are of tremendous importance. Additional information on the history of A Bill in the Chancery... can be found in Joseph Felcone’s bibliography, cited below. EVANS 6021. MILLER 426. STREETER SALE 918. CHURCH 961. SABIN 5378. COHEN 11664. DAB I, pp.167-68. FELCONE, NEW JERSEY BOOKS 21. WHEAT & BRUN 294, 397, 398. $45,000.

Important Work on the Darien Colony

47. [Ferguson, Robert]: A JUST AND MODEST VINDICATION OF THE SCOTS DESIGN, FOR THE HAVING ESTABLISHED A COLONY AT DARIEN. WITH A BRIEF DISPLAY, HOW MUCH IT IS IN THEIR INTEREST, TO APPLY THEMSELVES TO TRADE, AND PARTICULARLY TO THAT WHICH IS FOR- EIGN. [Edinburgh?] 1699. [30],214pp. 19th-century three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt with leather label. Extremities lightly worn. Con- temporary bookplate on front pastedown. Minor toning and scattered foxing. Very good.

First edition of an important work relating to the famous Darien scheme to establish a Scottish colony on the Isthmus of Darien (now Panama). Led by William Paterson, founder of the Bank of England, the scheme was the first attempt to turn that area into an “emporium” for world commerce. The first settlers left Scotland in June 1698, but within a year they had encountered so many problems that the original group returned in defeat. The Vindication... was written when the colony was about to be abandoned. The author defends its purposes and commercial interests by attacking those who favor abdicating it. He hopes that if the company fails altogether, another Scottish trading company will replace it somewhere else. ETSC R21931. WING F742. GOLDSMITHS’ 3583. SABIN 32340. KRESS 2116. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 699/77. $3000.

A Swedish Guide to the United States at the Beginning of the Revolution

48. [Fougt, Henrik]: BESKRIFNING OFVER DE ENGELSKA COL- ONIERNE I NORD-AMERICA; UTDRAGEN AF DE TILFOR- LATLIGASTE ARBETEN, SOM I DETTA AMNE UTKOMMIT I ENGLAND AREN 1776 OCH 1777. Stockholm. 1777. 32pp. plus folding map, 10 x 16¼ inches. Contemporary plain stiff wrappers. Paper soiled, torn along spine. Early ownership signatures on front pastedown. Quite clean and neat inside. Very good. In a half morocco box.

A little-known and scarce Swedish guide to the American colonies, issued in the early years of the Revolution. Each of the thirteen colonies is discussed in its own section, with details on counties and towns, early exploration, colonization and history, climate, inhabitants, and more. The formerly Swedish colony of Dela- ware gets surprisingly little attention. The very interesting (and apparently quite scarce) Revolutionary map is entitled “Seat of War in America 1777” in English and Swedish, but is otherwise all in English. It has a small inset of the entire East Coast, but the main part of the map shows the region from the Chesapeake Bay up to Massachusetts and New Hampshire. It is a well-drawn map, the focus of which is the location of forts and large landholdings. OCLC locates a total of ten copies. Scarce. SABIN 5047. HOWES B398, “aa.” OCLC 187040219, 187040219. $4250.

49. [Franklin, Benjamin]: MANUEL DE PHILOSOPHIE PRATIQUE, POUR SERVIR DE SUITE A LA SCIENCE DU BON-HOMME RICHARD, PAR FRANCKLIN, SUIVI DE L’ART DE VOIR.... Lausanne: Hignou et Compe, 1795. 130pp. Half title. 12mo. Modern half calf and marbled paper boards, gilt leather spine label. Bookplate and (later) bookseller’s ticket on front pastedown. Near fine.

Later edition of Franklin’s Way to Wealth, after the first appearance in the last Poor Richard’s almanac to be edited by Franklin personally, issued in 1757. Franklin’s seminal treatise on prosperity, based primarily on making hay while the sun shines. This Lausanne edition is scarce. FORD 134. $1000.

50. Funk, Joseph: A COMPILATION OF GENUINE CHURCH MU- SIC, COMPRISING A VARIETY OF METRES, ALL HARMO- NIZED FOR THREE VOICES; TOGETHER WITH A COPIOUS ELUCIDATION OF THE SCIENCE OF VOCAL MUSIC. Win- chester: Published at the Office of the Republican. ( J.W. Hollis, Printer), 1832. 208pp. Original limp calf. Binding heavily worn, with a portion of each cover re-attached with contemporary thread. Contemporary ownership signatures, labels, and stamps. Text soiled, foxed, with minor staining. A complete copy, still good condition.

First edition. A Mennonite shape note hymn book originally published by Funk for use in music schools. Subsequent editions after 1851 came to be known as the Harmonia Sacra, thereafter using A Compilation of Genuine Church Music... as a subtitle. A rare Virginia musical imprint. “This was the first music book compiled in the English language by Joseph Funk” – Ressler . Such works are often literally used to pieces. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 12542. MARTIN A. RESSLER, A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MENNONITE HYMNALS AND SONGBOOKS, pp.4-5 $1500.

A Loyalist Hugh Gaine Imprint

51. [Gaine, Hugh]: GAINE’S UNIVERSAL REGISTER: OR, AMERI- CAN AND BRITISH KALENDAR, FOR THE YEAR 1782. New York: Printed by Hugh Gaine, [1781]. 179,[1]pp., lacking the terminal leaf of advertisements, never bound in. 16mo. Contemporary red morocco wallet binding with engraved silver locking clasp. Interleaved with 19th-century manuscript notes and family records of the Rev. James Armstrong and de- scendants; additional 19th-century manuscript notes in pockets of binding. Binding lightly worn, else fine.

A fine copy of a scarce Hugh Gaine Loyalist imprint, for which only three copies are recorded between Drake and NAIP. The Kalendar includes the usual almanac fare together with lists of British officials in America, former royal governors, British and Hessian army officers, and American Loyalist officers. This includes a detailed listing of the English order of battle in North America as of the end of 1781. The extensive genealogical and historical notes and records inscribed in the interleaves of the volume and contained in the pockets of the binding refer to Rev. John F. Armstrong (1750-1816) and his family. Armstrong (1750-1816) graduated from the College of New Jersey (Princeton) and studied theology with John Witherspoon, who granted Armstrong his license to preach (an event the present notes mention as being delayed by the British invasion of New Jersey), officiated at his wedding, and baptized his children. Armstrong served as chaplain during most of the Revolutionary War and later as pastor of the Presbyterian church in Trenton until his death. The notes include records of births, marriages, and deaths for several later generations of Armstrong’s family, ending in 1882, as well as records of slaves and diseases and inoculations. DRAKE 5895. EVANS 17168. BRISTOL B5284. SHIPTON & MOONEY 43975. NAIP w023076. $4000.

De Soto and California, Too

52. [Gentleman of Elvas]: A RELATION OF THE INVASION AND CONQUEST OF FLORIDA BY THE SPANIARDS, UNDER THE COMMAND OF FERNANDO DE SOTO...TO WHICH IS SUB- JOINED TWO JOURNEYS OF THE PRESENT EMPEROR OF CHINA INTO TARTARY IN THE YEARS 1682 AND 1683. WITH SOME DISCOVERIES MADE BY THE SPANIARDS IN THE ISLAND OF CALIFORNIA, IN THE YEAR 1683. London: John Lawrence, 1686. [12],272pp. Lacks license leaf. Contemporary paneled calf, manuscript spine title. Corners lightly worn, head of spine worn, front joint tender. Contemporary ownership inscriptions on endleaves and titlepage, later bookplate on each pastedown. Minor scattered foxing and soiling. Very good.

Third English edition of this important narrative of the De Soto expedition. The identity of the Gentleman of Elvas has remained a mystery. His narrative is the primary source for information concerning the De Soto expedition of 1539-43, the first investigation by Europeans of the Southeast region of the United States. De Soto landed on the west coast of Florida in 1539, marching north through Georgia and west to Mobile Bay. His party reached the Mississippi River in 1541 and went perhaps as far as the present Oklahoma-Arkansas border. Returning east, De Soto died and was buried in the Mississippi. The survivors floated to the Gulf and made it to Mexico. The earlier English translations by Hakluyt, published in 1609 as Virginia Richly Valued... and in 1611 as Discovery and Conquest of Terra Florida, are so rare as to be virtually unobtainable. This edition contains an appendix which appears here for the first time, “A New Descent of the Spaniards on the Island of Califurnia [sic]. In the Year 1683.” This appendix is one of the earliest descriptions of the extension of Spanish government into lower California, at that point the northernmost frontier of New Spain. Despite accurately describing the activities of Father Kino and Spanish naval operations, it still mistakenly refers to California as an island. A nice copy in contemporary condition. SABIN 24864,24865. SERVIES 221. FIELD 1274. WAGNER SPANISH SOUTH- WEST 58b. ESTC R24492. $6500.

A Extraordinary Unique Package of Binding and Illustration

53. [Gift Book]: THE SACRED WREATH. Philadelphia: Thomas T. Ash & Co., [ca. 1839]. [136]pp., including blank leaves. Printed on rectos only. Quarto. Contemporary full green morocco, elaborately embossed, with a simple gilt rule on the boards and gilt title on the front board, grey silk endsheets. Hinges expertly repaired, corners lightly worn. Very minor foxing and soiling. Near fine.

A remarkable deluxe quarto gift book produced when the genre flourished in the early 19th century (the paper is watermarked “1839”). This copy appears to be unique, or represent some kind of singular production. The embossed pages are printed on various kinds of white paper, with some leaves on other colors of paper. Some of these have printed texts, while others are blank, evidently so the owner could inscribe sentiments of his or her own. The lithographed titlepage is on glazed paper, with the imprint of Thomas Ash, a prominent Philadelphia publisher who produced many volumes in the gift book genre. The volume includes four engravings after Benjamin West, drawn and engraved by H. Moses, printed on blue paper, and probably produced in England. Also includes ten embossed plates, including botanical plates of the rose, passion flower, tulip, amaranth, viola tricolor, a child in prayer, the stork, a bird’s nest, and others, each accompanied by prose or poetry within an embossed frame. A fine example of the genre, remarkable both for the range and nature of the contents and for the magnificent American embossed binding. No copies located in OCLC, or in the extensive collections of the American Antiquarian Society, and evidently a unique or one-on production. $3750.

54. [Great Britain – Foreign Relations]: [Treaty of Breda]: ARTICLES OF PEACE & ALLIANCE, BETWEEN THE MOST SERENE AND MIGHTY PRINCE CHARLES II. BY THE GRACE OF GOD, KING OF ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, FRANCE AND IRE- LAND, DEFENDER OF THE FAITH &c. AND THE HIGH AND MIGHTY LORDS THE STATES GENERAL OF THE UNITED NETHERLANDS, CONCLUDED THE 21/31 DAY OF JULY, 1667. [London]. 1667. 80pp. Small quarto. 20th-century red morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Paper loss to upper corner of first nine leaves, neatly repaired, not affecting any text. Light dust soiling to outer leaves, minor soiling else. Very good.

Collections of treaties made by Charles II of England, following the end of the English Civil War and the return of the monarchy to power. In addition to the treaty with the Netherlands, included in this work are also treaties with France, Denmark and Norway, and articles touching on navigation and commerce negotiated with the Netherlands. All of the treaties have a bearing on English and Dutch colonies in the New World, especially New York and in the Caribbean. Included is the Treaty of Breda between England and France restoring Acadia to France and giving Monserrat, Antigua, and part of St. Kitts to England. ESTC R13932. WING C2897 JCB (3) III: 155-156. DAVENPORT 57. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 667/55. $1750. One of the Author’s Rarest Titles

55. Green, J. H.: ONE HUNDRED TRICKS WITH CARDS. GAM- BLERS’ TRICKS WITH CARDS, EXPOSED AND EXPLAINED. New York: Dick & Fitzgerald, [ca. 1868]. [5],114,[19]pp. including illustrations. 12mo. Original half cloth and pictorial yellow paper boards. Boards soiled, corners worn, spine cloth a bit faded. Quite clean internally. Very good.

Jonathan H. Green, “the reformed gambler,” is the most important figure in the early literature of American gambling. A famed gambler in his youth, he was known for his talents from Texas to Boston and all points in between. He abandoned gambling just shy of age thirty, and became an advocate against it, seeking to expose the tricks of the trade. Here he offers the inside scoop on games such as Dog Loo (played on the Red River), Whist, Thimbles (or cups), Poker, and Eu- chre, and on techniques such as palming, lapping, forcing cards, shuffling, cutting, dealing, stocking the pack, and cogging dice. Many other interesting subjects are also discussed, including horse racing, and nailing a card to a wall by a pistol shot. Green adds numerous tales of personal experience, and the illustrations offer the reader the ability to recognize common sleights of hand. Of course, by offering detailed information on how to recognize gamblers’ tricks, Green is also providing an advanced tutorial for the aspiring gambler or cheat. The copyright date on the verso of the titlepage appears to read 1850 (the first year of publication), but the worn type throughout, as well as the other titles advertised as available by Dick and Fitzgerald, indicates that this edition was likely produced around 1868. In any edition, a rare and significant work. TOOLE-STOTT 324. $2500.

Iconic Source on American Gambling

56. Green, Jonathan H.: GAMBLING EXPOSED. A FULL EXPOSI- TION OF ALL THE VARIOUS ARTS, MYSTERIES, AND MIS- ERIES OF GAMBLING. By the “Reformed Gambler,” Jonathan H. Green. Philadelphia. [1857]. 312pp. plus 8pp. publisher’s ads and six plates. Original brown publisher’s cloth, stamped in blind and gilt. Extremities worn. Light scattered foxing and soiling. Very good.

One of the classics in American gambling literature, written by Jonathan H. Green (1813-87), renowned professional gambler and, later, reformer. Green is the most important figure in the early literature of American gambling – a gambler who became a crusader against illegal gambling, and wrote many works devoted to ex- posing crime, cheating, and vice. “A reformed gambler’s adventures among brother card-sharps, counterfeiters, etc., along the lower Mississippi, from Kentucky to Louisiana” – Howes. This is probably the third edition of Green’s work originally published in 1844 as Gambling Unmasked.... Green’s works are some of the most elusive and important devoted to early American gambling. HOWES G365. $2000. With a Map of Virginia and the Chesapeake

57. Gronovius, Johannes Fredericus: FLORA VIRGINICA EXHIBENS PLANTAS, QUAS NOBILISSIMUS VIR D.D. JOHANNES CLAY- TONUS...IN VIRGINIA CRESCENTES OBSERVAVIT, COLLE- GIT & OBTULIT D. JOH. FRED. GRONOVIO, CUJUS STUDIO & OPERA DESCRIPTAE & IN ORDINEM SEXUALEM SYS- TEMATICUM REDACTAE SISTUNTUR. Leiden. 1762. [12],176, [8]pp. plus folding engraved map. Quarto. Later 18th-century three-quarter vellum over marbled boards, spine inscribed. Heraldic bookplate of Joseph Rowe Webster on front pastedown. Moderate dampstaining, occasional minor foxing. A very good copy.

Second edition, after the first London edition of 1739-43, of Gronovius’ work, based on Clayton’s specimens, which comprised the first systematic flora of Virginia and was responsible for establishing many new genera. “John Clayton came to Vir- ginia in 1705, where his father was attorney general. The DNB has confused him with another John Clayton, born in 1686, who came to Virginia at the end of the seventeenth century and contributed papers on medical botany to the Royal Soci- ety. The present John Clayton had an estate on the Piankatank River in Mathews County, spent much time in collecting Virginia plants, and discussed them with J.F. and L.T. Gronovius, Linnæus, Kalm, Collinson, and Bartram. Donald Culross Peattie writes in DAB: ‘After many delays, the results of his work were embodied in the Flora Virginica by John Frederick Gronovius. Because Clayton’s herbarium specimens formed the basis of this work, it is often asserted that it should be called ‘Clayton’s Flora Virginica,’ but the final identification of the specimens, the science and system of the book, were largely the work of Gronovius’” – Hunt. The map, which was not issued in the first edition, documents Clayton’s travels, “which show that he was seldom north of the Rappahannock or south of the James, and that his knowledge of the mountains did not extend beyond the Blue Ridge. He was thorough, however, in his exploration of the middle Tidewater districts, and recent botanical work shows that as a field botanist he was more astute than has been realized” – DAB. An important Virginia flora. SABIN 28924. PRITZEL 3607. HUNT 571. BM (NATURAL HISTORY) II, p.739. ARNOLD ARBORETUM I, p.304. JCB (1)I:1316. DAB IV, pp.184-85. $10,000.

58. Hall, Harrison: HALL’S DISTILLER...ADAPTED TO THE USE OF FARMERS, AS WELL AS DISTILLERS. Philadelphia: Printed by John Bioren, 1813. x,244pp. plus engraved plate. Folding frontis. Contempo- rary calf, neatly rebacked, spine gilt, leather label. Browned and foxed, old ownership notes on endpapers, else very good.

An extensive early American treatise on making all manner of liquors, including wines, beer, ciders, cordials, gin, and whiskey. Provides descriptions of the different types of stills used in the United States, with a list of patents granted in the United States for improvements in distillation, on stills and refining liquors (pp.238-244). The engraved plate depicts “Mr. H. Sargeant’s Machine for raising water.” The frontispiece shows Anderson’s Patent Condensing Tub. A very early American book on distilling. RINK 1479. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 28692. $1250. The Denmark Vesey Slave Rebellion in Charleston, 1822

59. [Hamilton, James]: AN ACCOUNT OF THE LATE INTENDED INSURRECTION AMONG A PORTION OF THE BLACKS OF THIS CITY. PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE COR- PORATION OF CHARLESTON. Charleston: Printed by A.E. Miller, 1822. 48pp. Modern half calf and marbled boards, leather spine label. Portion of titlepage, an approximately 1 x 2-inch rectangle affecting the words “the Late Intended Insurrection” excised, supplied in facsimile, also removing the text of the City Council resolution on the verso. Old tape repair across upper portion of text on pp.9-10. Else good.

The primary contemporary account of the 1822 slave uprising in Charleston, South Carolina, written by James Hamilton, the Intendant (Mayor) of Charleston. This is the first edition, followed by two more Charleston editions and a Boston edition, all in the same year. All are rare. Led by Denmark Vesey, a former slave who had fought for his freedom, the planned uprising was exposed by one of the conspirators before it even began. Vesey and thirty-four other African-Americans were convicted of conspiracy to seize the city of Charleston and executed. Several others who were arrested and were found guilty were imprisoned or sent out of the state, while some were found not guilty and returned to their owners. The first thirty pages give a narrative how the plot was uncovered and an account of the trials. The appendix includes summaries of testimony, confessions, a table of the defendants, and the sentence of defendant Jack Pritchard, also known as “Gullah Jack.” Vesey receives the lion’s share of the blame in the conspiracy, driven by “a malignant hatred of whites, and inordinate lust of power and booty,” though the leaders of the local African Methodist Church (several of the insurrectionists came from their ranks) also receive some blame. In a note “to the public” at the start of the text, Hamilton writes that he has, at the request Charleston City Council, brought together all the evidence of the plot and the account of its aftermath to show that “there can be no harm in the salutary in- culcation of one lesson, among a certain [i.e. slave] portion of population, that there is nothing they are bad enough to do, that we are not powerful enough to punish.” The Vesey uprising and the Nat Turner rebellion in Virginia in 1831 terrified white southerners, especially slave owners, and led to more repressive treatment of slaves. Though the printer, A.E. Miller, advertises that this pamphlet was available for twenty-five cents, “discount by the hundred,” it is quite rare in the market; this firm has handled one perfect copy, sold for $15,000. SABIN 12032, 30013. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 8315. HOWES H130. COHEN 12185. HEARTMAN 120:14. WORK, p.348. $5000. Important Narrative of the Attempt to Establish an English Colony in South America at the Time of Jamestown

60. Harcourt, Robert: A RELATION OF A VOYAGE TO GUIANA. DESCRIBING THE CLIMAT, SITUATION, FERTILITIE, PRO- VISIONS AND COMMODITIES OF THAT COUNTRY...TO- GETHER WITH THE MANNERS, CUSTOMES, BEHAVIORS, AND DISPOSITIONS OF THE PEOPLE. London: Printed by John Beale, for W. Welby, 1613. [16],71pp. Small quarto. Modern crushed red morocco by Riviere, spine lettered in gilt, raised bands, a.e.g., gilt inner dentelles. Titlepage margins restored, affecting a few letters of text. Light, even toning. A handsome copy.

The Frank C. Deering copy, with his gilt morocco bookplate on the front pastedown, of the rare first edition of the most extensive narrative of the British attempt to establish a colony in South America. Harcourt made his voyage to Guiana in 1609 and stayed less than a year. While there he made contact with a local chief, set about searching for gold, and established a colony at the mouth of the River Wiapoco. When he returned to England, Harcourt began promoting his newly acquired plantation in Guiana, and the text includes discussions of the growing of sugar, cotton, tobacco, and indigo. Harcourt presents strong arguments for the future of the British toehold on the Spanish Main, and contends that Guiana’s riches rival those of New Spain and Peru. This first edition contains the text of the Patent of Guiana granted to Harcourt, which is not printed in the second edition of 1626. “The tract did much to hasten the idea of English colonization in America...” – Streeter. “Very rare” – Sabin. Only the former Boies Penrose copy has appeared for sale in recent times. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 613/73. JCB (3)II:95. SABIN 30296. STREETER SALE 34. CHURCH 361. ADVENTURES IN AMERICANA 68. ARENTS 105. BELL H36. ESTC S103834. STC 12754. $30,000.

A Legendary Rarity of Tennessee

61. Haywood, John: THE NATURAL AND ABORIGINAL HISTORY OF TENNESSEE, UP TO THE FIRST SETTLEMENTS THEREIN BY THE WHITE PEOPLE, IN THE YEAR 1768. Nashville: Printed by George Wilson, 1823. viii,390,liv pp. Contemporary calf, spine gilt, leather labels. Corners worn, joints cracked. Modern bookplate on each pastedown. Contemporary ownership inscription on front fly leaf and titlepage. Light foxing and toning. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth slipcase and chemise.

First edition of Haywood’s substantial account of the natural and aboriginal history of Tennessee. A judge in Davidson County and one of the pioneering historians of Tennessee, Haywood wrote the companion volume entitled The Civil and Political History of the State of Tennessee, from Its Earliest Settlement Up To the Year 1796, also published in 1823. In addition to providing much information about the Indians of Tennessee, the author attempts to demonstrate the relationship of Native Americans to the Caucasian race. He also includes details regarding Mexicans, Hindus, Persians, Peruvians, Cherokees, Chickasaws, and Natchez Indians. “In this book, now exceedingly rare and highly prized, the author has brought together a very large number of curious facts, relating to the origin and character of the natives of his State, prior to the settlement by the whites. He does not favor the hypothesis of great antiquity in the Indian nations of America, and believes in their common origin with the Caucasian race. He describes with great minuteness and care the relics of the race which once inhabited the territory, its utensils, skeletons, crania, and fortifications, most of which he appears to have personally inspected” – Field. This is one of the most difficult Tennessee books to acquire. SABIN 31085. FIELD 670. HOWES H359, “b.” CHURCH 1325. STREETER 1659. SIEBERT SALE 371. ALLEN IM- PRINTS 562. AII (TENNESSEE) 121. STREETER SALE 16 59. $17,500.

The First Bible for American Children: Nearly 500 “Hieroglyphick” Cuts

62. [Hieroglyphick Bible]: A CURIOUS HIEROGLYPHICK BIBLE; OR, SELECT PASSAGES IN THE OLD AND NEW TESTA- MENTS, REPRESENTED WITH EMBLEMATICAL FIGURES, FOR THE AMUSEMENT OF YOUTH.... Worcester, Ma.: Pr. by Isaiah Thomas, 1788. 144pp. 12mo. Contemporary paper boards over cloth. Light wear and soiling to binding. Light foxing and toning, final leaf of text supplied in expert facsimile. Otherwise a near fine copy. In a morocco clamshell box, gilt.

A cornerstone for any collection of American children’s books, American illustration, or American Bibles. Complete copies of the first hieroglyphic and children’s Bible printed in America are rare. This is a book that saw extremely heavy use and, given its young audience, inevitable (if often loving) misuse. Many copies, such as the present one, lack the final leaf; this seems to be so endemic (judging from the records found on the Americana Exchange) as to be usual. This classic children’s book is an American reprinting of the edition first published by Hodgson in London in 1783. Containing nearly 500 illustrations, it is the first Bible printed in the United States specifically for children. The rebus format of the small volume presents the young reader with famous Bible stories in an amusing format that encourages reading, puzzle solving, and Bible study. Not in Hills, nor in American Bibles in the Collection of Michael Zinman. WELCH, AMERICAN CHILDREN’S BOOKS PRINTED PRIOR TO 1821, 510. ROSENBACH CHILDRENS 128. EVANS 20961. O’CALLAGHAN, AMERICAN BIBLES, p.33. HAMILTON, EARLY AMERICAN BOOK ILLUSTRATORS AND WOOD ENGRAVERS 122. RUMBALL-PETRE, RARE BIBLES 167. $8500.

Music to Commemorate Washington

63. [Holden, Oliver]: [Washington, George]: SACRED DIRGES, HYMNS, AND ANTHEMS. COMMEMORATIVE OF THE DEATH OF GENERAL GEORGE WASHINGTON, THE GUARDIAN OF HIS COUNTRY, AND THE FRIEND OF MAN. Boston: Isaiah Thomas, [1800]. 24,[4]pp. Oblong quarto. Original blue printed wrappers, reinforced with modern paper. Minor soiling and chipping. Light toning and offsetting. Minor foxing. Very good. In an orange half morocco clamshell case, spine gilt.

A series of musical scores lamenting the death of Washington, printed by the famous Massachusetts printer, Isaiah Thomas. Among the several works are “A Funeral Anthem,” “Mount Vernon,” “Anniversary Dirge,” and “Masonic Dirge.” An excellent Thomas item, particularly notable for its unusual format and musical engravings. “Very rare” – Sabin. This is the first issue, with the wrapper reading “30 cents by the Dozen.” SABIN 32475. EVANS 37635, 39106. BAL 17006. SONNECK & UPTON, p.366. $2500.

Two Evans Rarities

64. [Hopkins, Samuel]: RARE OBSERVATIONS: OR, SOME RE- MARKS ON SEVERAL POINTS, RARELY CONSIDERED. Prov- idence. 1770. 76pp. [bound with:] A COLLECTION OF THE NEW TESTAMENT COMMANDS. Boston. 1777. 24pp. Contemporary paper boards, calf spine. Hinges cracked, spine chipped. Boards lightly soiled and worn. Contemporary ownership inscriptions on titlepages. Light foxing. About very good.

Two rare imprints bound together in a contemporary colonial binding. The Rare Observations... is attributed by Alden to Rhode Island minister Samuel Hopkins. Hopkins is notable for having been an early opponent of slavery, and an originator of the theological concept of “disinterested benevolence” which became important during the Second Great Awakening. The other title is a collection of scriptures from the New Testament. Alden records only three copies of the Providence imprint – one of them defective – at Rhode Island Historical, American Antiquarian Society, and Brown University. ESTC locates only one copy of the Collection..., at Yale. It is also notable for an unusual imprint, especially in the wake of the British occupation of Boston: “Boston: Printed for and sold by John Mascoll Williams in Haverhill mdlxxvii.” A pair of rare early American imprints. SHIPTON & MOONEY 42111. ALDEN 442. BRISTOL B3202 ESTC W11251, W4699. EVANS 15244. $2500.

Boston Clergy Tries to Get Out the Vote in 1676

65. Hubbard, William: THE HAPPINESS OF A PEOPLE IN THE WIS- DOME OF THEIR RULERS DIRECTING AND IN THE OBE- DIENCE OF THEIR BRETHREN ATTENDING UNTO WHAT ISRAEL OUGHT TO DO: RECOMMENDED IN A SERMON.... Boston: Printed by John Foster, 1676. [8],63pp. Small quarto. 19th-century speckled calf, ruled in gilt, spine gilt, gilt morocco label, gilt inner dentelles. Two small closed tears in foredge of titlepage, with no loss. Scattered foxing. Very good.

A rare and early American election day sermon, published in the second year of printing in Boston. In this sermon, delivered on May 3, 1676 and dedicated to John Leveret, governor of the colony of Massachusetts, William Hubbard, the minister of Ipswich, urges those eligible to vote to exercise their rights and cast ballots for their rulers. Hubbard supports his exhortation with biblical and historical precedents. He says that “you are now called to the exercise of your civil liberty (wherein much of your other libertys are bound up),” and urges “the regular, conscientious proceed- ing in this business of Election,” by which the people “have the liberty to choose their own rulers.” With much of New England being engaged in wars with the local Pequot Indians, Hubbard spends quite a bit of time offering council on the proper way to prepare for and undertake conflict: “war ought not to be made without good advice.” The literary critic Sacvan Bercovitch calls it a “brilliant election-day oration,” emphasizing Hubbard’s belief that the Puritan faith will turn “the rough and barren wilderness” of New England into a “fragrant Sharon.” The sermon was delivered before the governor, council, and deputies of the Massachusetts colony. Hubbard is best remembered for his history of King Philip’s War, published in 1677. EVANS 214. NAIP w012661. SABIN 33444. Bercovitch, The Puritan Origins of the Ameri- can Self, p.155. $15,000.

Massachusetts-New York Boundary Dispute

66. [Hutchinson, Thomas]: THE CASE OF THE PROVINCES OF MASSACHUSETTS-BAY AND NEW-YORK. RESPECTING THE BOUNDARY LINE BETWEEN THE TWO PROVINCES. Boston: Printed by Green and Russell, 1764. 30pp. and leaf with table. Stitched as issued. A fine, uncut copy. In a cloth slipcase with bookplates of Matt B. Jones and Harrison D. Horblit on the chemise.

The dispute over the New York and Massachusetts border went back to the period of Dutch control in the latter colony, and had remained an issue through a century of British control of both provinces. Hutchinson, as governor of Massachusetts, moved to resolve the question. Here he sets out the position of Massachusetts in the discussion. Quite rare. Howes states that only five complete copies are known, though there are several more copies listed in ESTC. Goodspeed’s sold the present copy in 1941, from the Matt B. Jones collection. HOWES H850, “b.” SABIN 34068. EVANS 9731. STREETER SALE 697. $9000.

Utopias in Texas and Nauvoo

67. [Icarian Community]: [Cabet, Etienne]: COLONIE ICARIENNE AUX ETATS-UNIS D’AMERIQUE. SA CONSTITUTION, SES LOIS, SA SITUATION MATERIELLE ET MORALE APRES LE PREMIER SEMESTRE 1855. Paris: Chez l’Auteur, Janvier 1856. 240pp. Dbd., original rear wrapper present but detached. Quite clean internally, and in very good condition. In a half morocco box.

A scarce French printing of the principles, history, laws, constitution, and status of the Icarian communities in the United States. Founded by Étienne Cabet, the Icarian Community was among the most interesting Utopian experiments in the United States during the 19th century. After an unsuccessful attempt to settle in Texas, the Icarians established themselves in Nauvoo, Illinois, an abandoned Mor- mon town. After Cabet’s death in 1856, the group splintered, with some of the remaining Illinois group moving to Corning, Iowa. This volume, published in the year of Cabet’s death, offers his description of the community and the principles of its founding and operation, as well as the laws and constitution that governed them. Not in Graff. Scarce. SABIN 9779. HOWES C5, “aa.” STREETER SALE 4267. $6000.

Rare Virginia Indian Captivity

68. [Indian Captivity]: [Scott, Mrs. Frances]: A REMARKABLE NAR- RATIVE OF THE CAPTIVITY AND ESCAPE OF MRS. FRAN- CES SCOTT, AN INHABITANT OF WASHINGTON COUNTY VIRGINIA. [Leominster?] Printed for Chapman Whitcomb [by Adams and Wilder?], [1800?]. 16pp. 32mo. Later paper wrappers. Lightly soiled, else very good. Bookplate of Frank Cutter Deering inside front cover. In a custom cloth slipcase and chemise, gilt leather label.

Rare captivity narrative of Mrs. Frances Scott, taken captive in southwest Virginia in 1785 after her husband and children were murdered by Indian savages. Though the narrative appeared in collections of other captivities, this is one of the first instances of its separate printing. The narrative relates how Mrs. Scott fled her Indian captors and wandered in the Appalachian wilderness for a month, subsisting on prayer, bark, and roots. Along the way she fell down a steep hill but broke no bones, and was bitten by a poisonous snake, before being found by some woods- men. The Leominster bookseller, Chapman Whitcomb, is credited in the imprint of many similar narratives. Bristol credits Adams and Wilder as the printers and gives the approximate date of printing. Only two other copies located, at the Newberry Library and the American Antiquarian Society. Vail also notes the present copy, formerly in the collection of Frank C. Deering. Rare. BRISTOL B11118. SHIPTON & MOONEY 49143. ESTC W26680. VAIL 1212. $15,000.

Not in European Americana

69. [Iudice, Nicolas]: SEÑOR. EL GENERAL DON NICOLAS IU- DICE. DIZE: QUE AVIENDO DADO CUENTA A V. MAGESTAD DE ALGUNOS EXCESSOS DEL GENERAL DON ANTONIO DE OQUÉDO, QUE LO HA SIDO DE GALEONES EL AÑO DE 634. QUE EL DICHO TU DICE LO ERA DE LA ARMADA, Y FLORA DE LA PROVINCIA DE TIERRA-FIRME...[caption title]. [N.p. ca. 1635]. 8 leaves. Folio. Later plain wrappers. Minor dust soiling on edges. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

In the present memorial to King Philip IV, Don Nicolas Iudice, commander of the Spanish fleet dispatched to Tierra Firma, criticizes the actions of Gen. Anto- nio de Oquéndo, the commander of the highly prized galleon fleet for 1634, for acting against the orders of the Crown and for his own personal benefit. Iudice lists Oquéndo’s numerous past and present misdeeds, promises to provide proof, and challenges Oquéndo to do the same. Iudice describes events in Havana, San Augustin, and elsewhere. Good evidence of administrative in-fighting in Spanish America. Not in European Americana or any other reference we can discover. $5500.

With the Rare Additional Material on Frontier Indians and the Border with New Brunswick

70. [ Jay’s Treaty]: TREATY OF AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVI- GATION, BETWEEN HIS BRITANNICK MAJESTY AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, SIGNED AT LONDON, THE 19th OF NOVEMBER, 1794. London. 1795. 33pp. [bound with:] EX- PLANATORY ARTICLE, SIGNED AT PHILADELPHIA, THE 4th OF MAY, 1796, TO BE ADDED TO THE TREATY...SIGNED AT LONDON, THE 19th OF NOVEMBER, 1794. London. 1796. 5pp. [bound with:] EXPLANATORY ARTICLE, SIGNED AT LONDON, THE 15th OF MARCH, 1798, TO BE ADDED TO THE TREATY... SIGNED AT LONDON, THE 19th OF NOVEMBER, 1794. London. 1798. 5pp. Small quarto. Modern half morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Titlepage of the “Treaty...” dust soiled. Titlepage of the “Explanatory Articles” signed at Philadelphia in 1796 bound in before the text of the “Explanatory Articles” signed at London in 1798, and vice versa. Near fine.

Three works, including the second American treaty with England, known as Jay’s Treaty, and two related articles, signed later and added to the treaty, one concerning the Indian tribes in the Ohio country and the other addressing the issue of the St. Croix River and the boundary between the United States and Canada. Jay’s Treaty, arguably the most controversial American treaty until the Versailles and League of Nations treaties after World War I, was negotiated with the British by Supreme Court Chief Justice John Jay. It sought to settle questions arising from the Treaty of Paris of 1783, to clarify commercial relations and neutral rights issues between England and the United States, and to secure the British evacuation of military posts in the Old Northwest. By this treaty, England agrees to withdraw from frontier posts in the Ohio country which the Americans felt to be clearly in U.S. territory, and the Americans agree to settle pre-Revolutionary debts. The Americans also received the right to trade with British possessions in the West Indies. The question of neutral rights, however, was not addressed to the liking of American commercial interests or public opinion, and the arrogant British searches and seizures of American shipping were not checked, which proved to be a long- simmering issue. The treaty provoked much hostile reaction in the U.S., and it was due only to the prestige of President Washington, who felt the measure necessary, that it was passed by the Congress. The controversy over Jay’s Treaty spurred the solidification of the party division in American politics, between the supposedly pro-British faction led by Hamilton who favored the treaty, and the supporters of Jefferson, who opposed it. This is the official English edition of the treaty. The Explanatory Article... of 1796, which was printed a year later and is much rarer than the treaty itself, is wholly concerned with the Indian tribes in the frontier, and allows the Indians to pass freely across the line in either direction in order to carry on their trade and commerce without the need for a license. The ESTC locates only five copies of the Explanatory Article..., three in the Public Record Of- fice (Lpro [3], NN, CSmH), and OCLC adds one more. The Explanatory Article... of 1798 is also very rare. It is concerned with the delineation of the northeastern border between the United States and Canada, specifically with the river St. Croix and the boundary between New Brunswick and what is now Maine. This thorny issue would not be solved until the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842. OCLC locates no copies of the 1798 Explanatory Article..., ESTC locates only a single copy (CSmH), and NUC adds one more (MiU-C). A most important American treaty, here enhanced by the rare printings of two important additional articles, possibly the only case in which all are found together (except possibly the Huntington). MALLOY, p.590. SABIN 96577. HOWES T341. RAGATZ, p.275. OCLC 40849795. ESTC N31244, N31245. DAH III, p.169. $7500.

71. [ Jay’s Treaty]: AN ALPHABETICAL LIST, AND ABSTRACT OF FOUR HUNDRED AND SIXTY-SEVEN AWARDS, IN FAVOUR OF AMERICAN CLAIMANTS, MADE BETWEEN FEBRUARY 1802, AND THE 15th JULY, 1803, BY THE BOARD OF COMMIS- SIONERS UNDER THE SEVENTH ARTICLE OF THE BRITISH TREATY; PAYABLE BY THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT, AC- CORDING TO THE LATE CONVENTION IN THREE EQUAL INSTALMENTS, ON THE 15 JULY, 1803, 1804, AND 1805. PUB- LISHED BY AUTHORITY. [Washington. 1803]. [2],24pp. Folio. Con- temporary plain blue wrappers, string-tied as issued. Wrappers lightly worn around the edges. Some small tears, creases, and a bit of soiling in the page edges. Very good. Untrimmed.

This copy was sent by the State Department to the collector of Newport, as indicated by a manuscript inscription at the head of the titlepage: “The Secretary of State requests the Collector of New[port] to permit any person enquiring for this list to per[use] the same. Dept. of State 14 Nov. 1803.” Under the seventh article of the 1794 treaty between the United States and Great Britain, commonly known as “Jay’s Treaty” after American negotiator, John Jay, England agreed to compensate American merchants and citizens for losses incurred through the actions of Brit- ish ships during the French Revolutionary Wars. The present work lists hundreds of American ships that fell victim to the British navy, gives the name of the ship masters and of the American claimants, the amount due to the claimant, and the agent in London to whom the amount was payable. One page contains a list of cases that are still “unfinished business before the board” as of July 15, 1803. Apparently not in Shaw & Shoemaker. OCLC locates a total of three copies (listed under two records), at the Peabody Essex Museum, Western Reserve His- torical Society, and Yale. The first two put the place of publication as London, and Yale puts forth Washington. The phrasing of the titlepage, which refers to the Jay Treaty as the “British Treaty” inclines us to believe that this was printed in Washington. Rather scarce, and a significant document in the history of Anglo- American spoliation claims. OCLC 41000116, 54194043. $1250.

Jefferson’s 1807 State of the Union Message

72. [ Jefferson, Thomas]: CHRONICLE EXTRA. PRESIDENT’S MES- SAGE. CHRONICLE OFFICE, NOV. 2, 1807....CIRCUMSTAN- CES, FELLOW-CITIZENS, WHICH SERIOUSLY THREAT- ENED THE PEACE OF THE COUNTRY...[caption title and first lines of text]. [Boston: Printed by Adams and Rhoades], 1807. Broadside, 17 x 9 inches. Printed in three columns. Early horizontal fold, very light offsetting of title in lower margin, two faint fox-marks. Else fine, untrimmed.

Broadside printing of Thomas Jefferson’s seventh State of the Union address, delivered weeks before his signing into law the Embargo Act of 1807. While the Embargo is not mentioned explicitly, the circumstances surrounding it are discussed, particularly with regard to relations with Great Britain and the recent Chesapeake incident. Jefferson also addresses military appropriations and fortifications, conflicts and diplomacy with Indians on the different frontiers, and the Burr Conspiracy. Originally accompanying the Nov. 2, 1807 issue of Adams and Rhoades’ Independent Chronicle of Boston. Signed in print by Jefferson, Oct. 27, 1807. Not in Shaw & Shoemaker. Very rare. $5000.

A Major Early American Imprint: The First Book Published in New York City

73. Keith, George: TRUTH ADVANCED IN THE CORRECTION OF MANY GROSS & HURTFUL ERRORS.... [New York: William Brad- ford], 1694. [10],175,180-184pp. (pp.176-179 omitted from pagination); 32pp. Small quarto. Full red morocco by Riviere & Son, gilt, spine richly gilt, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Very minor shelf wear, bookplates on front pastedown. First four full words and upper portion of fifth word of title in expert facsimile; expert restoration done to outer edge and lower corner of titlepage, not affecting text. Overall, a beautiful copy.

An American imprint of the greatest rarity and importance, being the first printed work larger than a broadside or a pamphlet produced in New York City. Truth Advanced... was issued from the press of William Bradford sometime early in 1694. Bradford and the author, George Keith, had left Philadelphia, where Bradford was a printer from 1685 until 1693, because of a long and virulent dispute between Keith and the Quaker establishment of the city over Quaker religious doctrine. During the course of this sectarian debate, Keith and Bradford had controlled the only printing press in town, and thus had the advantage of more effectively presenting their opinions to the populace. When they overstepped their bounds into libel, they were imprisoned and tried for sedition. Although freed when the evidence against them – a tray of set type – was dropped and pied, Philadelphia was no longer a hospitable place. Consequently they removed to New York, where Bradford became the official printer to the colony. This book is Keith’s final summation of their troubles in Philadelphia, and of his theological disputations. Truth Advanced is known in fifteen copies, of which thirteen are in institutions, and nine of which we have examined personally. This copy contains the thirty-two- page chronology of world history found with some copies. The Chronological Account of the Several Ages of the World... has its own titlepage and is signed separately, and is treated by some bibliographers as being a separate publication; however, it should more rightly be considered integral to Truth Advanced (it is mentioned on the latter’s titlepage). This is the DePuy copy, with his bookplate on the front pastedown. We are aware of only one other copy of Truth Advanced in private hands. This firm sold the present copy thirty years ago, and we are pleased to offer it again now. A major monument among colonial imprints, and a great rarity of 17th-century American imprints. EVANS 691. NAIP w028400. CHURCH 745. SABIN 37224,37187. DePUY SALE 1323 (this copy). EAMES, FIRST YEAR OF PRINTING IN NEW YORK 36. ROSENBACH FOUNDATION, A SELECTION FROM OUR SHELVES 134. AMERICAN ANTI- QUARIAN SOCIETY, THE PRINTER’S FIRST FRUITS 34. William S. Reese, “George Keith’s American Imprints” in Princeton Library Chronicle, Spring 1977, 22. $75,000.

Oglethorpe’s Attack on St. Augustine

74. [Killpatrick, James]: AN IMPARTIAL ACCOUNT OF THE LATE EXPEDITION AGAINST ST. AUGUSTINE UNDER GENERAL OGLETHORPE. OCCASIONED BY THE SUPPRESSION OF THE REPORT, MADE BY A COMMITTEE OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN SOUTH-CAROLINA...WITH AN EXACT PLAN OF THE TOWN, CASTLE AND HARBOR OF ST. AUGUSTINE AND THE ADJACENT COAST OF FLORIDA; SHEWING THE DISPOSITION OF OUR FORCES ON THAT ENTERPRIZE. London: Printed for J. Huggonson, 1742. 68pp. plus two maps on one folding sheet. Modern crushed red morocco, spine gilt. Bookplate on rear pastedown. Final leaf trimmed a bit close in the upper margin, skimming the page numbers. Near fine.

First and only edition, and a primary account of the English incursion into Florida against the Spanish at St. Augustine. The unsuccessful siege was led by General James Oglethorpe, one of the founders of Georgia. “During the War of Jenkin’s Ear, 1739-43, an expedition under General Oglethorpe seized two Spanish forts on the St. John’s River early in 1740, and made an unsuccessful attempt to capture St. Augustine. In 1742 Oglethorpe turned back an invasion into Georgia of a large force of Spaniards, and the next year made another unsuccessful invasion of Florida. The failure of the 1740 expedition caused much ill feeling in South Carolina against Oglethorpe, and this anonymous Account, erroneously ascribed...to Oglethorpe, is in fact a bitter criticism of him for mishandling the forces from South Carolina” – Streeter. The author, in fact, has been identified as James Killpatrick, a Charleston doctor and an officer who served under Oglethorpe. Killpatrick quotes letters from Oglethorpe to the Carolina authorities in 1739 and 1740 asking for assistance in the expedition and gives a highly detailed account of the course of events from the arrival of the joint forces at the mouth of St. John’s River (May 9, 1741) to the raising of the siege on July 5. The two maps (which Streeter calls “detailed and excellent”) are a plan of the town, castle, and harbor of St. Augustine with the disposition of Oglethorpe’s forces in 1740, and another showing the Florida coast from the mouth of the St. John’s to Matanzas Inlet. Servies notes that some copies have a plate showing the town and castle of St. Augustine by Thomas Silver, which originally appeared in the Gentleman’s Magazine for July, 1740. It seems that the view was not originally issued with this title but was inserted into some copies as they were published roughly contemporaneously. The Streeter and Siebert copies, for example, had no view, and Howes does not call for one. The Streeter copy realized $2200 (now at Yale) while the Siebert copy sold for $18,400 to a private collector. The publication of this text sparked a pamphlet war, directly answered by George Cadogan in 1743 in his The Spanish Hireling Detected. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 42/104. HOWES O44, “c.” ESTC T60032. SABIN 56846. SERVIES 365. DE RENNE, pp.103-105. CLARK I:103. STREETER SALE 1125. SIEBERT SALE 574. $27,500. Early Philadelphia Imprint

75. [Law]: [Philadelphia]: CONDUCTOR GENERALIS, OR THE OFFICE, DUTY AND AUTHORITY OF JUSTICES OF THE PEACE, HIGH-SHERIFFS, UNDER-SHERIFFS, GOALERS, CORONERS, CONSTABLES, JURY MEN, OVER-SEERS OF THE POOR, AND ALSO THE OFFICE OF CLERKS OF ASSIZE AND OF THE PEACE, &c. COLLECTED OUT OF ALL THE BOOKS HITHERTO WRITTEN ON THOSE SUBJECTS, WHETHER OF COMMON OR STATUTE-LAW. TO WHICH IS ADDED, A COLLECTION OUT OF SIR MATTHEW HALES CONCERN- ING THE DESCENT OF LANDS. Philadelphia: Printed and Sold by Andrew Bradford, 1722. [8],xii,299,[1]pp. Small quarto. Early 19th-century three-quarter calf and marbled boards, gilt leather label. Boards rubbed and edgeworn, front hinge loosening. Front free endpaper detached. Final leaf of contents torn in outer margin, not affecting text. Intermittent staining and tanning, a few fox marks. Good.

This is the second printing of this popular handbook for justices of the peace and other principle officers responsible for ensuring that laws are properly enforced. It is the first legal vade mecum printed in Philadelphia, following (and greatly expanding) a New York printing of 1711 (published by William Bradford, with his son Andrew working as his apprentice). Cohen records twelve editions, of varying lengths and contents, published between 1711 and 1819. The work was based primarily on English sources, including Richard Burn’s Justice of the Peace, first published in England in the mid-18th century. Organized alphabetically, the work covers the broadest range of topics, including arraignments and arrests, bail, gaming, highways and homicide, indictment, larceny, oaths, pardons, search warrants, and vagrants. A second part of the text, devoted to the duties of sheriffs, under-sheriffs, juries, and jailers, contains its own titlepage, dated 1721, but is continuously paginated and signed to the preceding section. A fine source for the practice of everyday law in the colonial period. EVANS 2327. NAIP w037506. HILDEBURN 179. SABIN 15215. COHEN 7955. $7500.

Laws of the British Caribbean

76. [Leeward Islands Laws]: ACTS OF ASSEMBLY, PASSED IN THE CHARIBBEE LEEWARD ISLANDS. FROM 1690, TO 1730. Lon- don. 1734. 15,[1],24,[4],25-231,[31]pp. Folio. Modern half calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, morocco label. Small institutional blindstamp on titlepage. Light, even age-toning; very slight foxing. Very good.

The first collected printing of British laws for Antigua and the Leeward Islands, and a primary source on the administration of justice in the West Indies in the 18th century. After consolidating their power over most of the Leeward Islands in the late 17th century, the British set about instituting a uniform code of laws. Most of the laws were passed on and pertain to Antigua, the largest island in the group and the British colonial headquarters in the Leeward Islands. A handful of acts refer particularly to Nevis. Many of the laws date to as far back as the 1660s and ’70s. The entire gamut of judicial, economic, and social intercourse is covered, including the establishment of a legal system, rules governing servants and laborers, weights and measures, agriculture, trade, and the local militia. Several acts address the issues of slavery and free Blacks. With an index. OCLC locates twelve copies. A scarce and crucial collection of laws for this important outpost of the British empire. BEINECKE LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 163. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 734/117. SABIN 12025, 10891. OCLC 13128040. $4000.

Early Printing of the Gettysburg Address

77. [Lincoln, Abraham]: [Massachusetts]: ADDRESS OF HIS EXCEL- LENCY JOHN A. ANDREW, TO THE TWO BRANCHES OF THE LEGISLATURE OF MASSACHUSETTS, JANUARY 8, 1864. Boston. 1864. 88,110pp. plus folding map. Antique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards. 19th-century ink stamp on titlepage, contemporary inscription on second leaf. Internally clean. Very good.

Devoted almost entirely to the Massachusetts war effort, published early in January 1864. The folding map shows the Soldier’s National Cemetery at Gettysburg, dedicated November 19, 1863, with the long speech of Edward Everett of Massachusetts and the short “Dedicatory Speech by President Lincoln,” better known as the Get- tysburg Address. Also printed is the “Programme of Arrangements” of that day, a list of Massachusetts soldiers killed at Gettysburg and buried there, and details of the cemetery. Monaghan notes this as an early printing of the Gettysburg Address. MONAGHAN I:48. $1750.

Pioneering Work on American Manufactures

78. [Linen Manufacturing]: [American Manufactures]: INDUSTRY & FRUGALITY PROPOSED AS THE SUREST MEANS TO MAKE US A RICH AND FLOURISHING PEOPLE; AND THE LINEN MANUFACTURE RECOMMENDED AS TENDING TO PRO- MOTE THESE AMONG US. WITH SOME CURSORY REFLEX- IONS ON CHARITY, SO FAR AS IT REGARDS OUR DISTRI- BUTIONS TO THE POOR. Boston. 1753. 15pp. 19th-century half morocco and marbled boards. Front hinge cracked and loosening, spine worn. First three words of title [“Industry & frugality”] cropped, but supplied in contemporary manuscript. Page numbers trimmed. Light foxing and toning. Good. In a red half morocco and cloth box, spine gilt.

One of the earliest practical American works on manufactures, this pamphlet promotes the manufacture of American linen. “This seems to be the first non-government publication on linen manufacture written in this country” – Streeter. The Streeter catalogue goes on to quote J.L. Bishop’s remarks in A History of American Manu- factures, regarding New England’s reaction to severe economic pressures at home and from London:

...a society was formed in Boston, the following year [1749], for promoting industry and frugality, and was probably the forerunner of those associations which, a few years later, became the favorite mode throughout the country, of sustaining resistance to the pressure of ministerial authority. To favor this design, the Assembly purchased the factory, or “Spinning House,” in Boston.... At the anniversary of the society, in 1753, great enthusiasm was exhibited. About 300 young female spinners appeared upon the commons, seated at their wheels, arranged in three rows....one...was carried on the shoulders of men, accompanied by music....A memorial presented to the Governor and Court, the same year, by Andrew Oliver and other members of the association, states, that their principal object was the employment of the poor in the manufacture of Linen....The Court made a grant of $1500, annually, to aid the society.

The author encourages gainful factory employment for street urchins, writing:

I have often beheld, with concern, the swarms of children, of both sexes, that are continually strolling and playing about in the streets of our metropolis, cloathed in rags, and brought up in idleness and ignorance; and who must probably come, in a very short time, from picking of sticks to picking of pockets...nothing more is required than lodging a power in some proper persons, to take up such children and (whether their unnatural parents will or not) to place them out to such trades or employments as may in time enable them to acquire an honest subsistence.

Benjamin Franklin thought enough of this pamphlet to send a copy to his London friend, cloth merchant Peter Collinson, who had sent Franklin an Irish pamphlet on the same subject. Collinson’s copy survives at the John Carter Brown Library with his inscription on the titlepage verso, which reads in part: “Mr. Franklin of Philadelphia...proposed the same plan to some ingenious publick spirited friends. They again [proposed?] to the legislature to encourage it, the ensueing pamphlet was publish’d at Boston to that end.” Rink locates eight copies, and Sabin calls this “A scarce piece.” No copy has appeared at auction since the Streeter sale in 1969. EVANS 7027. RINK 3269. KRESS 5275. SABIN 34687. STREETER SALE 4021. $7500.

With an Interesting Map

79. [Louisiana]: HISTORISCHE UND GEOGRAPHISCHE BESCH- REIBUNG DES AN DEM GROSSEN FLUSSE MISSISSIPPI... GELENGEN HERRLICHEN LANDES LOUISIANA.... Leipzig. 1720. [6],84pp. plus folding map. Modern paneled calf, gilt. Faint stain in upper margin of text, moderate age toning. A very good copy.

The rare first edition of Historische und Geographische Beschreibung, designed to further the schemes of John Law and the Mississippi Company, riding the crest of the South Sea Bubble before the crash of that scheme the following year. This is the first of three editions published in 1720, with the later two entitled Aufsfurliche Beschreibung. The present copy does not contain the portrait called for by Sabin and Howes which is present in the copies at Yale, UCLA, and the University of Wisconsin at Madison, but which is not mentioned in European Americana, and the copies at Trinity College and the William Clements Library appear to be complete without it. The map, “Louissana am Fluss Missisippi,” provides a slightly fore- shortened cartographic view of the watershed of the Mississippi from around the Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. Natchez and other French outposts up the Mississippi are shown, as well as New Orleans and other settlements on the lower river. The Illinois River and the French fort on it in what is now central Illinois are also shown. It is an interesting and significant map. The book is a general collection of material about Louisiana, drawn from Hen- nepin and from the promotional claims of the Mississippi Company. It paints a rosy picture of the prospects for and future of Louisiana and the venture there. The text concludes with a poem concerning the Mississippi Company. All editions are rare. SABIN 32104. HOWES H520, “b.” EUROPEAN AMERICANA 720/122. $12,500.

Confirming Military Commands in Louisiana, 1803

80. [Louisiana]: LAUSSAT, PRÉFET COLONIAL, COMMISSAIRE DU GOUVERNEMENT FRANÇAIS, ARRÊTE: ART. I. TOUS COMMANDANS DES POSTES CI-APRÈS DÉSIGNÉS, CAPIT- AINES & AUTRES OFFICIERS DES MILICES DE CES POSTES OU DISTRICTS...[caption title]. [New Orleans. 1803]. Broadside, 14½ x 9 inches, with woodcut headpiece of symbolic figure with printed inscription: “Préfecture Coloniale.” Light wear at edges, light dampstain at lower right edge. Text very clean. A very good copy. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

An exceedingly rare New Orleans broadside printed during the brief return of Louisiana to France’s control between the Spanish and American periods of ownership. The decree, promulgated on Dec. 5, 1803 and authorized by Colonial Prefect Laussat and Commission Secretary Daugerot, confirms “in their positions, as com- manders of designated posts, all militia officers except such as choose to remain in the service of Spain” (McMurtrie, Louisiana). Spain signed a treaty of cession on March 21, 1801 but this was not announced to the inhabitants of the colony until March 27, 1803. The actual transfer of Loui- siana back to France occurred on Nov. 30 of that year, and three weeks later the territory became a part of the United States. Pierre Clément de Laussat, Colonial Prefect, arrived in New Orleans from Paris to take formal possession of Louisiana, and as had already been arranged, transfer title to the U.S. “Laussat’s first official announcement after his arrival in New Orleans was followed by five other proclama- tions or edicts in broadside form which have been seen and recorded in the course of this study, and there were undoubtedly still others which have not come to light. The purpose of these broadsides was to establish and carry on the machinery of government and to insure the maintenance of law and order after the automatic termination of the authority of the Spanish magistrates and office holders. Most of these bear at the top an interesting woodcut of the typical female figure symbolical of France, and inscribed ‘Préfecture Coloniale.’ This woodblock was undoubtedly brought by the commission from Paris” – McMurtrie, New Orleans. An extremely rare broadside printed during France’s brief control of Louisiana in the early 19th century. Jumonville records two copies at Historic New Orleans Collection and a third at Tulane. JUMONVILLE 83. HUMMEL 772. McMURTRIE (LOUISIANA) 30. McMURTRIE (NEW ORLEANS) p.64. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 4553. $11,000.

Early Lobbying Effort by Louisiana

81. [Louisiana Territory]: REFLECTIONS ON THE CAUSE OF THE LOUISIANIANS, RESPECTFULLY SUBMITTED BY THEIR AGENTS. [Washington? 1805]. 17pp. Dbd. Upper margin of titlepage inscribed in a contemporary hand: “Hon.ble. Mr. Bradley.” Some light foxing, else near fine. In a half morocco box.

A brief account of Louisiana under its various occupations, calling for the swift establishment of its statehood. The pamphlet, which was presumably submitted to Congress, is dated 1804 by Sabin, but is more likely to have been printed after Dec. 31, 1804, when a memorial mentioned on page 5 was submitted, and before March 2, 1805, when the Orleans Territory government bill was passed. The present copy bears a contemporary ink ownership inscription, presumably in a clerical hand, of the “Hon.ble. Mr. Bradley.” Stephen Row Bradley, U.S. Senator from Vermont from 1791 to 1795 and 1801 to 1813, was instrumental in advocating his own state’s admission to the Union. This extremely rare pamphlet was evidently privately printed to lobby members of Congress to move swiftly to formulate a territorial government. It argues that the citizens were perfectly happy under the Spanish government, and that the successive changes in governments had led to laws being promulgated without publication. The pamphlet goes on to argue that the people of Louisiana can only be happy and loyal to the United States if they know they have equal rights as American citizens and can look forward to statehood and political representation. SABIN 42288. E.S. Brown, The Constitutional History of the Louisiana Purchase (Berkeley, 1920), pp.155-61. DAB II, pp.575-76. $6500.

Lutheran Catechism for the Delaware Indians, 1696

82. [Lutheran Catechism]: [Delaware Indians]: LUTHERI CATECHIS- MUS ÖFWERSATT PÄ AMERICAN-VIRGINISTE SPRÄCKET. Stockholm. 1696. [16],160pp. Engraved and letterpress titlepages. Contem- porary calf, stamped in blind on spine and cover. Some wear to spine and extremities. Minor foxing, a few small worm holes. Very good. In a brown half morocco slipcase.

First edition of the Lutheran catechism in the language of the Delaware Indians, translated by Johan Campanius, chaplain at the Swedish colony of Fort Christina in present-day Wilmington, Delaware for six years. He learned the native languages and founded the first Christian church in what is now Pennsylvania. His adapta- tion of Luther’s Catechism for native use is rather free – in the Lord’s Prayer the phrase “give us this day our daily bread” is replaced by “give us a plentiful supply of venison and corn.” Pages 155-160 contain a vocabulary of the Mohawk Indians. King Charles XI published this catechism at his own expense and sent 500 copies to America. The Frank T. Siebert copy, in a lovely contemporary binding. AYER, INDIAN LINGUISTICS (DELAWARE) 20. CHURCH 760. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 696/151. PILLING, IROQUOIAN 24. SABIN 42726. SIEBERT SALE 478. $6500. Further Important Measures in the French and Indian War

83. [Maryland]: ACTS OF THE PROVINCE OF MARYLAND, MADE AND PASSED AT A SESSION OF THE ASSEMBLY, BE- GUN AND HELD AT BALTIMORE-TOWN, ON FRIDAY THE EIGHTH DAY OF APRIL.... Annapolis: Printed by Jonas Green..., 1757. 13pp. Folio. Original plain wrappers. Wrappers chipped. Some closed tears at edges of leaves, last leaf stained. Else good. In a folding cloth case, leather label.

Important acts relating to the French and Indian War, particularly “An Act for his Majesty’s Service, and the more immediate Defense and Protection of the Frontier Inhabitants of this Province.” This calls for the raising of 500 men, to be organized into companies to protect the frontier, and for the manner of their deployment and use. Also included is “An Act for the relief of sundry Inhabitants of this Province, who have had their Servants Enlisted into his Majesty’s Service,” and “An Act to prevent the Exportation or Carrying out of this Province, Ammunition, Warlike Stores, or Provisions of any Kind, toward supplying the French or their Allies.” A number of other acts are included as well. Wroth locates seven copies. WROTH, MARYLAND 197. EVANS 7935. $2000.

The 1714 Massachusetts Laws, with Session Laws: 25 Evans Items

84. [Massachusetts Laws]: ACTS AND LAWS, OF HER MAJES- TIES PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHUSETTS-BAY IN NEW- ENGLAND. Boston: Printed by B. Green for Benjamin Eliot, 1714-1723. [2],392pp. [bound with:] THE CHARTER GRANTED BY THEIR MAJESTIES KING WILLIAM AND QUEEN MARY, TO THE INHABITANTS OF THE PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHU- SETTS-BAY IN NEW-ENGLAND; THE TABLE [i.e. the index to Acts...]. [bound with:] [TWENTY-FOUR CONSECUTIVE PRINT- INGS OF SESSION LAWS THROUGH 1723]. Quarto. Contemporary tooled calf. Calf moderately worn; covers bowed. Early ink scribblings and numerical notations on the endpapers. Minor dampstaining toward the rear. Printed ownership label affixed to front pastedown. Overall very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

The earliest obtainable version of the Massachusetts-Bay colony laws, since the 17th- century versions are virtually unobtainable today. Second issue, with the reprinting notice on the verso of the titlepage, with the Charter... preceding the Acts... and the second edition of The Table containing pagination through 1721 (also bound in prior to the Acts... titlepage). All of the session laws which followed through 1723 are present (they are continuously paginated, although issued periodically). This version of the laws would have been made obsolete by the 1726 version of the laws, when the session law numbering would have begun all over again. A nice early colonial legal volume, in contemporary condition. EVANS 1686, 1750-1752, 1815, 1816, 1891, 1892, 1966-1968, 2031, 2032, 2130, 2131, 2233-2237, 2347-2348, 2442-2444. $9500.

Mather on Witches

85. Mather, Cotton: THE WONDERS OF THE INVISIBLE WORLD: BEING AN ACCOUNT OF THE TRYALS OF SEVERAL WITCH- ES LATELY EXECUTED IN NEW-ENGLAND: AND OF SEV- ERAL REMARKABLE CURIOSITIES THEREIN OCCURRING. London: John Dunton..., 1693. 62 [i.e. 64]pp. Half title. Small quarto. 19th- century crushed blue morocco by Bedford, boards ruled in gilt, neatly rebacked with original gilt spine laid down. Discreet repair to top outer corner of first few leaves. Quite clean internally, untrimmed, near fine.

The Menzies-Goelet copy, especially notable for being in untrimmed condition, of one of the most famous of early New England books. This is the second British edition, following the first edition published in Boston the same year and the first British edition published in London the same year, thus being the third edition overall, slightly abridged. Cotton Mather took a deep interest in the cases of persons believed to be possessed by evil spirits in Boston and elsewhere in the Bay Colony. After an outbreak in Boston in 1688, he followed closely the events in Salem in the spring of 1692, when a group of young women claimed to be possessed. After mounting hysteria on the part of the civil and religious authorities, over one hundred persons were arrested, and nineteen hanged. The cases were tried in an atmosphere of terror, but by the fall the witch hunt had subsided and recriminations, led by Increase Mather, set in against the prosecutors. Cotton Mather’s work, however, was written in September, while the cases were still in the courts. His intention was to expose witchcraft and to support his friends in the government who were pursuing the cases. He gives detailed descriptions of each case and the events surrounding it, thereby providing an invaluable record; however, Mather’s stance in this matter has done more than anything else to earn him the condemnation of later generations. This copy appeared in the Menzies sale in 1875, described as “of the greatest rarity in uncut condition” and was sold for $110. A penciled note made at the time asserts it is the only known uncut copy. It reappeared at the Goelet sale in 1935 (at the depths of the Depression), described as a “superb copy,” where it was hammered down for $75 to the dealer, Charles Heartman. All the early editions of this work are extremely rare, especially the Boston edition and the present one. HOLMES, COTTON MATHER 454-D. HOWES M399, “b.” EUROPEAN AMERI- CANA 693/117. SABIN 46605. ESTC R31168. MENZIES SALE 1351 (this copy). GOE- LET SALE 240 (this copy). $20,000.

A Major Mather Rarity

86. Mather, Cotton: PIETY AND EQUITY, UNITED. IN TWO ES- SAYS. I. THE DESIRES OF PIETY...II. THE MEASURES OF EQUITY. Boston: Printed by John Allen, for Robert Starke, 1717. [2],44; 42pp. In this copy leaves F3 and F4 (containing pages 19-22 of The Measures of Equity) have mistakenly been bound into the first sermon, The Desires of Piety. 12mo. Contemporary speckled calf front board (rear board lacking). Front board detached. Text with persistent worming throughout, most severely on the titlepage and following three leaves. Leaves G2 through G6 with a chip in the foredge, costing a few letters of text on each leaf. Final leaf of text torn in the foredge, affecting a few letters of text. A fair copy. In a green half morocco and cloth slipcase with chemise.

A very rare Cotton Mather title, known in only three other copies. This copy bears the ownership signature of Sarah Mather on a label on the front pastedown, showing she presented it to the Westfield Athenaeum. The first sermon, “The Desires of Piety,” is inspired by a verse from the Song of Solomon, and was preached before a religious society of young men. The latter essay, “The Measures of Equity,” was delivered at a lecture in Boston and is a mediation on the Golden Rule. Holmes describes this as a work of “extreme rarity,” and gives a detailed discussion of the contents. The Brinley copy brought $13 in 1879. ESTC locates only three copies, at Oxford, the Massachusetts Historical Society, and The New York Public Library (which was cited by Holmes as “the only one known”). HOLMES 281. EVANS 1903. ESTC W19392. SABIN 46457. BRINLEY SALE 1193. $3500.

Mather on the Indian Wars

87. Mather, Increase: A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE WAR WITH THE INDIANS IN NEW-ENGLAND. FROM JUNE 24, 1675. (WHEN THE FIRST ENGLISHMAN WAS MURDERED BY THE IN- DIANS) TO AUGUST 12, 1676. WHEN PHILIP, ALIAS META- COMET, THE PRINCIPAL AUTHOR AND BEGINNER OF THE WAR, WAS SLAIN. London: Printed for Richard Chiswell...according to the original copy printed in New-England, 1676. [8],51,8pp. Complete with the rare half title. Small quarto. 19th-century green morocco, gilt, by W. Pratt, spine gilt, gilt inner dentelles. Extremities gently rubbed. Armorial bookplates on front endpapers. Minor soiling. Very good. In a green half morocco and cloth box, spine gilt.

One of the classic accounts of Indian warfare in New England in the 17th century, and one of the primary accounts of King Philip’s War of 1675-76. This is the first British edition, published the same year as the superlatively rare Boston first edition. Few historians could have been better placed than Mather, at the heart of the councils of the Bay Colony, to follow the progress of the bitter war, the last serious threat by Indians to the British settlements in New England. The war ended in 1676 with Philip’s death. This work is likewise notable for containing one of the first appearances of the woodcut seal of Massachusetts, showing a local Indian saying, “Come over and help us.” HOLMES, INCREASE MATHER 16B. HOWES M400, “c.” EUROPEAN AMERI- CANA 676/123. SABIN 46641. VAIL 175. CHURCH 643. $20,000.

Ex-Confederate Officers Join Emperor Maximilian in Mexico, 1865

88. [Maury, Matthew]: DECRETO IMPERIAL DE 5 DE SEPTIEM- BRE DE 1865, PARA FOMENTAR LA INMIGRACION [sic]. Mex- ico: Imprenta de Mariano Villanueva, 1866. [11]pp. Self-wrappers, stitched, as issued. Unevenly trimmed. Light vertical fold. Slightly later ink docketing on the blank verso of the final leaf. Near fine. Accompanied by an engraved carte de visite of Matthew C. Maury, printed in red and black and published by Chas. Magnus, 12 Frankfort St. N.Y., ca. 1863.

A very rare decree issued by the French-installed emperor of Mexico, Maximilian I, encouraging soldiers and citizens of the former Confederate States of America to emigrate to Mexico in the aftermath of the Civil War. Maximilian’s commissioner for this emigration project was the famed oceanographer and “Pathfinder of the Seas,” Matthew Fontaine Maury. A native Virginian, Maury resigned his commission in the U.S. Navy at the outbreak of the Civil War and was put in charge of the coastal and river defenses of Virginia. He had known Maximilian since the latter was archduke of Austria and in command of the Austrian navy in the 1850s. Maury spearheaded a scheme to entice ex-Confederates (as well as European emigrants) to settle in the colony of “New Virginia” in central Mexico. Settlers were offered 640 acres at a dollar per acre, free from mortgage and exempt from taxes for the first year. In all, some 2500 ex-Confederates settled in Mexico. This decree explains the rules by which such emigration would be administered, prints the text of the necessary forms, and gives the names of Maury’s colonization agents, including John Perkins (for Cordoba), Alonso Ridley (for Mazatlan), John J. Lux (for Monterey), and I.P. Oropesa (for Veracruz). The colony was short-lived, falling apart after Maximilian was killed in 1867. OCLC locates only a single copy, at The New York Public Library. Rare, and giving interesting information into the options available to irreconcilable Confederates. OCLC 42436158. $2500.

A Major Shaker Rarity and Early Cincinnati Imprint

89. M’Nemar, Richard: THE KENTUCKY REVIVAL, OR, A SHORT HISTORY OF THE LATE EXTRAORDINARY OUT-POURING OF THE SPIRIT OF GOD, IN THE WESTERN STATES OF AMERICA...WITH A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE ENTRANCE AND PROGRESS OF WHAT THE WORLD CALL SHAKERISM, AMONG THE SUBJECTS OF THE LATE REVIVAL IN OHIO AND KENTUCKY.... Cincinnati: From the press of John W. Browne, 1807. 119,[1]pp. [bound with:] OBSERVATIONS ON CHURCH GOV- ERNMENT...TO WHICH IS ADDED, THE LAST WILL AND TESTAMENT OF THAT REVEREND BODY.... Cincinnati: From the press of John W. Browne, 1807. 23pp. 12mo. Original floral-patterned paper over a calf backstrip. Most of the spine paper perished, boards stained and worn. Titlepage stained, carrying through in lesser fashion to the following eight leaves. Bottom inch of titlepage torn away, not affecting the imprint or any text. Small paper flaw in the leaf containing pp.87-88, costing a few letters but not affecting the sense of the text. Uniform tanning, a few signatures loosening. On the whole, still an attractive copy, in original condition. In a brown half morocco and cloth clamshell box, spine gilt.

A major rarity of American religious texts, this is the first edition of the first full- length book published by the Shakers. It is of extreme importance as an eyewit- ness account of the rise of the Shaker movement in the West, as well as a source of Shaker doctrine. MacLean calls M’Nemar the “father of Shaker literature,” and Bestor calls this work “the basic source on Shaker expansion to the West.” M’Nemar was originally a Presbyterian, but later converted to Shakerism and worked hard to establish that faith on the American frontier. “This is a first-hand account by a leader of the Kentucky Revival, one of the first western Shaker converts, which has been quoted extensively by later authors. M’Nemar describes frontier revivals, the Presbyterian schism, beginnings of Shakerism in the West, and early Shaker relations with the Indians” – Richmond. M’Nemar is also the author of the second tract included here, Observations on Church Government..., but is only identified on the titlepage as the “Presbyter of Springfield.” Springfield was a small community located eleven miles north of Cincinnati. It is a separate work from The Kentucky Revival..., with its own titlepage, and separate pagination and signatures. The text explains the tenets of the Shaker faith. Thomson calls The Kentucky Revival “very scarce. This was one of the earliest books printed in Cincinnati.” It is very rare on the market indeed. Streeter was only able to acquire an 1808 Pittsfield reprint, and no copies of this first edition are located in auction records over the past thirty years. Rare and important. AII (OHIO) 64, 70. THOMSON 767. MACLEAN 65. RICHMOND 929, 1333. RUSK II:251-252. WILKIE 90, 97. BESTOR, BACKWOODS UTOPIAS, p.256. COLEMAN 992. HOWES M177, “aa.” SABIN 43605, 89893. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 12969, 13571. $13,500.

90. Metcalfe, Theophilus: SHORT-WRITING. THE MOST EASIE, EX- ACT, LINEAL, AND SPEEDY METHOD THAT HATH EVER BEEN OBTAINED OR TAUGHT. London: Printed for John Hancock, and to be sold by M. Hotham..., 1706. 16pp. plus added engraved titlepage and twenty plates. Early plain paper wrappers. Covers heavily chipped and worn, soiled, spine partially perished. Contemporary ownership inscriptions and annotations throughout. Light soiling and foxing. Good.

Styled on the engraved titlepage as “The 55th Edition newly corrected and amended,” and the ninth edition listed in ESTC. Metcalfe’s work on shorthand was first entered into Stationers’ Hall in 1633, though no copy is extant; the first edition listed in ESTC is dated 1652 and billed on the titlepage as the eighth edition. Metcalfe’s work intersperses a treatise on shorthand with engraved plates showing the various squiggles and symbols that represent different words and letters. Rare in any edition, with only three copies of this edition listed in ESTC – National Library of Scotland, Maine Historical Society, and the University of Illinois. ESTC T174124. $1250.

Early Broadside of the Mexican Inquisition, 1602

91. [Mexican Imprint]: CONSTITUCION DE NUESTRO SANTIS- SIMO SEÑOR CLEMENTE POR LA DIVINA PROVIDENCIA PAPA OCTAVO...[caption title]. Mexico: Henrico Martinez, [1602]. Broadside, 17 x 12¼ inches. Old fold lines. Reinforced with silk along central horizontal fold. Two spots of minor loss along central vertical fold, minutely affecting text. Some minor discoloration. Very good.

An early Mexican broadside proclaiming the power of the Spanish Inquisition in the New World. The Inquisition had formally begun in New Spain in 1569, when Philip II established tribunals of the Holy Office at Mexico and Lima. It was specifically charged with vigilance against Moors, Jews, and New Christians. The great privileges it exercised and the dread with which Spaniards generally re- garded the charge of heresy made the Inquisition an effective check on dangerous thoughts, be they religious, political, or philosophical. The Inquisition largely relied on denunciations by informers and employed torture to secure confessions. The local natives were originally subject to the jurisdiction of Inquisitors, but were later exempted because, as recent converts of supposedly limited mental capacity, they were not fully responsible for their deviations from the faith. The first execution in the New World took place in 1574, and the tenth in 1596. Many of the victims of the Holy Office were amongst the Portuguese settlers who were persecuted for political rather than religious reasons. The present broadside reads, in translation:

Constitution of our most blessed Lord Clement by the Divine Providence Pope the Eighth against those who, not having been promoted to the sacred order of Priesthood, boldly take the authority of the Priests, dare to pretend to celebrate the Mass, and administer to the faithful the Sacrament of Penance.... Although at other times Pope Paul, our predecessor of happy memory, in order to refrain and repress the evil and sacrilegious temerity of some men, who not having been ordained priests, take daringly the priestly powers and presume the authority to celebrate the Mass and administration of the Sacrament of Penance; having determined that such delinquents should be delivered to the Judges of the Holy Inquisition, to the Curia and secular body so that due punishment would be administered to them; and after Pope Sixth the fifth of venerable memory, also our predecessor, had ordered that the so-mentioned decree be renewed and be kept and followed with all care; but the audacity of these men has gone so far that giving the pretext of ignorance of these decrees, the penalties, as has been stated, should be imposed against the transgressors who think they are not subject to them, and who pretend to liberate and ex- onerate themselves from them. For this reason we consider these persons to be lost and evil men, who not having been promoted to the Holy Order of Priesthood, dare to usurp the right to the celebration of the Mass; these men not only perform external acts of idolatry, in regard to exterior and visible signs of piety and religion, but inasmuch as it concerns them, they deceive the faithful Christians (who accept them as truly ordained and believe that they consecrate legitimately), and because of the faithful’s ignorance they fall into the crime of idolatry, proposing them only the material bread and wine so that they adore it as the true body and blood of Our Lord Jesus Christ; and that the same hearing the Sacramental Confession not only do not appreciate the dignity of the holy Sacrament of Penance, but also deceive the faithful, perversely taking the priestly role and the authority of absolving the sins with great danger, and causing the scandal of many. For this reason, so that the ones who commit these very serious heinous deeds be punished with due penalty, in the proper manner and with our scientific certainty and mature deliberation, and with the fullness of the Apostolic power, in accordance with the conscience of the Judges of the Holy Inquisi- tion, and so that from now on no one can doubt the penalty that has to be imposed on those such delinquents, following the steps of our predecessors, for this constitution of perpetual value, we determine and establish that anyone, who without being promoted to the Sacred Order of Priesthood, would find that he who has dared to celebrate Mass or to hear Sacramental Confession, be separated from the Ecclesiastic body by the judges of the Holy Inquisition, or by the seculars, as not deserving of the mercy of the Church; and being solemnly demoted, from the Ecclesiastic Orders, if he had achieved some, is later to be turned over to the Curia and secular body, in order to be punished by the secular judges with the due penalties....

The proclamation is certified in manuscript at the bottom, “By order of the Sacred Office of the Inquisition of New Spain and its Provinces.” This region encompassed Spanish Florida, as well as Mexico. The history of the first half of the 16th century in Florida was marked by conflicts and various unsuccessful settlements by the Spanish, French, and English, who were all vying for possession of the peninsula. In 1656, a colony of Protestant Huguenots established on the St. Johns River was wiped out by Spaniards, who boasted of slaughtering the French, not for their nationality, but for their religion. This Spanish expedition founded St. Augustine, near the site of the annihilated French settlement. MEDINA (MEXICO) 205. $12,500. Early Yucatan Literary Periodical, with Plates

92. [Mexico]: LA GUIRNALDA. PERIODICO LITERARIO RE- DACTADO POR UNA SOCIEDAD DE JOVENES. Merida: Rafael Pedrera, 1860-1861. [4],208,[2]pp. plus nineteen plates. With original printed wrappers bound in at each issue. Folio. Contemporary three-quarter morocco, neatly rebacked, original spine laid down. Very good.

A complete run of this literary periodical, which ran from July 1, 1860 to Feb. 15, 1861, and which featured the first music printed in the Yucatan. This illustrated literary, historical, and scientific periodical included contributions by C. Carrillo y Ancona, Olegario Molina, José Peón Contreras, Eligio Ancona, and others. The series “Galeria biográfico-litográfica de las señores obispados de Yucatan” is illustrated with toned lithograph portraits. The periodical was printed by the noted José Dolores Espinosa Rendón (1833-69), the first to establish a lithography establishment in Yucatan, having studied in Havana. The chief editor José Antonio Cisne- ros (1826-80) was a Merida native who had a distinguished career as a dramatist. The journal contains the first music printed in Yucatan. “The publication of La Guirnalda by Espinosa established commercial lithography in Mérida” – Mathes. Rare, with only two copies located in OCLC, at Syracuse and University of Iowa. MATHES, MEXICO ON STONE 58. ESPINOSA 63. PALAU 111096. PORRUA 8979. $2750.

The Phillipps Copy of an Early Mexican Imprint in Nahuatl

93. Mijangos, Juan de: ESPEIO DIVINO EN LENGUA MEXICANA.... Mexico: En la Emprenta de Diego Lopez Daualos, 1607. [16],562,[2]pp. Four full-page woodcuts. Quarto. 19th-century half morocco, spine gilt. Titlepage mounted. Lacks the final two leaves (tables). Worming at inner margins, affecting several letters. Light scattered soiling and wear. Several leaves loosening. Good.

The Fischer-Sir Thomas Phillipps-Harmsworth-Gavito copy. The first and only edition of a work Medina describes as “...the largest work in Nahuatl of the 17th century.” (A 1626 edition is listed in many bibliographies, but no copy is known.) The work does not fall within the usual categories of books written in Nahuatl: it is not a collection of sermons, a grammar, a dictionary, a breviary, a liturgy, a doctrina, or a catechism. Rather it is a large work of moral and theological philosophy written entirely in Nahuatl. The work is designed for use by both the educated Indians and the clergy working among the natives: it is designed to be an “espejo...en que pueden verse los padres, y tomar documento para acertar a doctrinar bien a sus hijos” (a “mirror..in which fathers can see themselves and take stock in order to be sure to teach their children correctly”). The word “padres” here means both “Priests” and “fathers” and the word “hijos” both “charges” and “children.” The text, in the form of a dialogue between father and son, is considered a masterpiece of Nahuatl. Author Juan de Mijangos was born in Antequera, the capital of Oaxaca. He joined the Augustinian order and taught philosophy and theology at the University of Mexico. A leading expert in the local native languages, Mijangos taught and preached to the Indians in their native tongue. In addition to the present work, he wrote Parte del Sermonario, Dominical y Sanctoral, en Lengua Mexicana (Mexico, 1624). Two features worth noting about the book are that among its illustrations is one of the earliest portraits of St. Augustine produced in the New World, with the City of God in the background, and a note that the proofreader of the Nahuatl in the work was “Agustin de la Fuente, native of Santiago Tlatilulco,” who was also the proofreader for Fr. Juan de Bautista. A native letrado who knew Latin, Spanish, and Nahuatl, Fuente was an influential presence at Davalos’ printing establishment. Diego Lopez Davalos, printed in Mexico between 1601 and 1615. Indigenous people were directly involved in the production and printing of books in his shop – they served as scribes, printers, engravers, and bookbinders. An important work, rarely found complete. MEDINA (MEXICO) 238. ANDRADE SALE 28. PUTTICK & SIMPSON, FISCH- ER SALE, 1138 (this copy). PALAU 168872. HARMSWORTH SALE 8510 (again this copy). GARCIA ICAZBALCETA, LENGUAS 45. VINAZA 119. AYER COLLECTION N155. UGARTE 236. SABIN 48908, “Extremely rare.” JCB II:1, p.46. PILLING PROOF SHEETS 2581. $25,000. Architecture for the West

94. Mills, Robert: DESIGN No. 1. FOR A MARINE HOSPITAL ON THE WESTERN WATERS TO ACCOMMODATE 100 PATIENTS [cover title]. [with:] DESIGN No. 2 FOR A MARINE HOSPITAL ON THE WESTERN WATERS TO ACCOMMODATE 50 PA- TIENTS [cover title]. Washington. 1837. Four folded plans; three folded plans. Original tan printed wrappers with each title. Ink stamp and contemporary ownership inscriptions on front wrapper. Front wrapper and first plan detached. Light wear to wrappers. Still, very good and scarce.

Robert Mills, often considered America’s first architect, was born in Charleston in 1781 and studied under James Hoban, the Irish-born architect who designed the White House. In Washington, Mills made the acquaintance of Thomas Jefferson and studied in Jefferson’s extensive architecture library before going to work as an assistant to Benjamin Latrobe in 1803. By 1809 he was established as an architect in Philadelphia, doing work in Baltimore and Richmond as well, and among his designs is the Washington monument in Baltimore. Late in his career Mills also designed the Washington Monument in Washington, D.C., as well as the Treasury Building. While a location is not specified, the title would suggest that these designs were intended for a hospital to be built in St. Louis or some other city on the Mississippi. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 45628, 45629. HITCHCOCK 772, 773. $1250.

Important Early Great Lakes Narrative

95. [Missionary Narrative]: SIX MOIS CHEZ LES SAUVAGES. Par un Missionaire. Limoges: Barbou Freres, [ca. 1854]. 191pp. Tinted lithographic frontis. Half title. Contemporary elaborate embossed filigree over textured cloth, spine richly gilt. Cloth lightly faded and edgeworn. Scattered foxing. Very good.

The only edition of this scarce Indian missionary narrative which, according to Howes, is based on an anonymous 18th-century account of a missionary who worked around the Great Lakes. The first chapter describes the Indian tribes and languages of Canada. Earlier bibliographies record the imprint date as either 1855 or 1856, but the Siebert copy, with a school label dated April 8, 1854, provides concrete evidence of earlier publication. Not in Field. HOWES S522, “aa.” GAGNON 3326. SIEBERT SALE 29. $2000.

The Fight Over State-Funded Clergy

96. [New York]: [Anglican Church]: TO THE PUBLIC. FEW ARE IG- NORANT, THAT THE ASSEMBLYMEN OF THIS COLONY, WHERE ANCIENTLY INDUCED TO CONSENT TO TAX THE FOUR COUNTIES...[caption title]. [with, printed on verso:] AN ACT TO EXEMPT THE INHABITANTS OF THE COUNTIES OF WEST-CHESTER, NEW-YORK, QUEEN’S AND RICHMOND, FROM ANY TAXATIONS FOR THE SUPPORT OF THE MIN- ISTERS OF CHURCHES TO WHICH THEY DO NOT BELONG [caption title]. [New York: John Holt, 1770]. [2]pp. Broadsheet, 16 x 10 inches. Old folds, with some separation and minor loss; repaired with tissue on verso at one fold. Minor soiling. Good.

One of the hot-button issues of the period just prior to the Revolution was the movement to establish the Anglican Church in America, as it was in Ireland. This was proposed and seriously debated in Virginia, but most heatedly in New York, where it was a bigger issue than any stamp or excise taxes. This broadsheet, printed by Revolutionary printer John Holt, relates the circumstances of a bill under discussion in the provincial legislature which would exempt residents of four counties in New York from paying taxes to support the Anglican clergy, and discusses the back door transactions surrounding it. The first side explains the progress of the bill through the legislature, while the verso gives a “true copy” of the act. Only four copies in ESTC, at the American Antiquarian Society, John Carter Brown Library, New-York Historical, and the New York Public Library. EVANS 11890. ESTC W28137. $6000.

The Superlatively Rare Carolina Constitutional Convention Proceedings, Failing to Ratify the Constitution

97. [North Carolina]: [United States Constitution]: PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE CONVENTION OF NORTH-CARO- LINA, CONVENED AT HILLSBOROUGH, ON MONDAY THE 21st DAY OF JULY, 1788, FOR THE PURPOSE OF DELIBER- ATING AND DETERMINING ON THE CONSTITUTION AT PHILADELPHIA, THE 17th DAY OF SEPTEMBER, 1787. Eden- ton, N.C.: Hodge & Willis, 1789. 280pp. 19th-century three-quarter brown morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt, marbled edges. Head of spine renewed, corners lightly worn. Some minor foxing and light even toning. Very good.

One of the rarest of works relating to the debates over the Federal Constitution, the journal of the debates held by North Carolina regarding its ratification. It publishes the proceedings of North Carolina’s inconclusive first ratification convention, which took place in Hillsborough from July 21 to August 2, 1788. The U.S. Constitution was published on Sept. 17, 1787 and passed along to the states for ratification. The Constitutional Convention had ruled that, despite the wish for ratification to be unanimous, only nine of the thirteen states were required in order to pass the new constitution into law. North Carolina dragged its heels over the matter from the beginning, and was the last of the states to call for a ratifying convention, on December 6, 1787. By the time the state convention met the next July, eleven states had already ratified the Federal document (New Hampshire on June 21, Virginia on June 25, and New York on July 26.) Nonetheless, many considered ratification a necessary step before the state could join the Union. North Carolina was split between the pro-Federalists, mainly low country planters and merchants, and anti-Federalists, mostly poorer farmers from the Piedmont. Despite the eloquent arguments of James Iredell of Edenton, leader of the Federalist group, the convention foundered over concern for the protection of individual rights. On August 2, they agreed “neither to ratify nor reject the Constitution proposed for the government of the United States.” They did pass a Declaration of Rights, listing twenty basic liberties, and a proposed list of twenty-six amendments to the Federal Constitution. Most of these concerns ended up being addressed by the Bill of Rights. North Carolina was thus left in a strange limbo, generally treated as a State, but not seating delegates to the first session of the first Federal Congress in the spring of 1789. When a new convention was scheduled for Nov. 17, 1789, in Fayetteville, Ire- dell and other Federalists paid to have the proceedings of the previous convention published and distributed, believing it supported their cause. This volume appeared on June 18, 1789. The second convention, no doubt buoyed by the passage of the Bill of Rights by the U.S. Congress, swiftly ratified the Constitution on Nov. 21, becoming the twelfth state to do so. It then underscored the importance of the Bill of Rights in its decision by becoming the third state to ratify it, on Dec. 22. This work is one of the rarest of the State constitutional debates. We have handled only one other complete copy in the past. EVANS 22037. NAIP w036269. McMURTRIE (NORTH CAROLINA) 144. SABIN 55667. $22,500.

98. [North Carolina Laws]: LAWS OF NORTH-CAROLINA. AT A GENERAL ASSEMBLY, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE CITY OF RALEIGH, ON THE SECOND DAY OF NOVEMBER, IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD ONE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND NINETY-FIVE...[caption title]. [Edenton, N.C.: Hodge & Wills, 1796]. 20pp. Folio. Dbd., slightly later paper backstrip. Evenly toned. Outer margin of leaf D2 torn, with a few words affected in the printed side notes on the verso. Good overall.

A rare variant printing of the 1795 session laws of North Carolina, this being twenty pages compared with the more common thirty-one-page version. McMurtrie cites each version, but does not define the differences other than page length. “A supplement to Iredell’s revision” – McMurtrie. The celebrated “Iredell edition” of the laws of the state of North Carolina was compiled and revised in 1791 by noted jurist James Iredell, who was named a justice of the Supreme Court before he turned forty. Iredell collected in chronological order all the laws then in force in the state, dating back to the early 18th century, and also provided an extensive subject index. This volume provides the laws and amendments to previous laws passed by the state assembly in 1795-96. Among these are several laws emancipating slaves, including a law entitled: “An Act to emancipate Frank, a person of color.” McMURTRIE (NORTH CAROLINA) 224. $1500.

Early Description of Louisiana and West Florida

99. Pendergrast, Garrett Elliott: A PHYSICAL AND TOPOGRAPHI- CAL SKETCH OF THE MISSISSIPPI TERRITORY, LOWER LOUISIANA, AND A PART OF WEST FLORIDA. Philadelphia: Printed at the Office of the Gazette of the United States. 1803. 34pp. An- tique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, leather label. Early ownership signature on titlepage. Lightly toned. Very good.

Generally credited with being the first American scientific description of the lower Mississippi Valley, based on the observations of the author and material supplied by William Dunbar. The author was a native of Natchez, and this work (dedicated to some of the most eminent scientists of the day) was his dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. Jones notes this work as “very rare,” and the Eberstadts call it “a great rarity.” STREETER SALE 1532. HOWES P197, “b.” SABIN 65056. EBERSTADT 164:299. JONES 196. SERVIES 772. $9500.

A Rarity of the Early Indian Wars of New England

100. Penhallow, Samuel: THE HISTORY OF THE WARS OF NEW- ENGLAND, WITH THE EASTERN INDIANS. OR, A NARRA- TIVE OF THEIR CONTINUED PERFIDY AND CRUELTY.... Boston: Printed by T. Fleet, for S. Gerrish...and D. Henchman..., 1726. [2],iv, [2],134,[1]pp., including in-text woodcuts. 12mo. Antique-style speckled calf, ruled in gilt, spine tooled in gilt, raised bands, gilt morocco label. Titlepage has been backed with paper, expertly repairing a small tear in the center foredge, with two letters in the date “1725” in fine facsimile. First text leaf repaired in margins, as are leaves S1 and S2, resulting in loss of a few letters of text. Text trimmed quite close, occasionally shaving a page number or the outer letter of a line of text. “Advertisement” (i.e. Errata) leaf in expert facsimile, as is almost always the case with this book. Still a very good copy overall.

One of the primary sources for the early Indian wars of New England, describing the fighting on the northern and eastern borders of Massachusetts during Queen Anne’s War of 1703-13, as well as fighting in 1722-25. Vail calls it an “excellent history,” and Field adds that Penhallow’s “work on the Indian wars is esteemed as the highest authority on that subject.” Penhallow, although having gone to Mas- sachusetts as a missionary, became a chief justice of the colony, and as such was in an excellent position to know about colonial military affairs. A very rare book, accorded a “c” rating by Howes. Field ranks it “among the rarest of New England imprints.” HOWES P201, “c.” CHURCH 904. EVANS 2796. SABIN 59654. FIELD 1202. STREETER SALE 674. VAIL 351. $65,000.

The Second Major Penn Tract Promoting Pennsylvania

101. Penn, William: A LETTER FROM WILLIAM PENN PROPRI- ETARY AND GOVERNOUR OF PENNSYLVANIA IN AMERICA, TO THE COMMITTEE OF THE FREE SOCIETY OF TRADERS OF THAT PROVINCE, RESIDING IN LONDON.... [London]: An- drew Sowle, 1683. 10pp. plus one folding plan supplied in facsimile. Lacks final leaf containing Directions of Reference. Folio. Tan calf, title in gilt on spine, by Sangorski & Sutcliffe. Calf lightly scuffed. Text toned and stained. Titlepage backed with paper at an early date, closing tears and small holes; outer edges of each text leaf remargined, with losses supplied. A fair copy of a rare work.

One of the earliest and most significant descriptions of Pennsylvania, written by William Penn. “[William Penn’s] most informative and valuable promotional tract was the one written to the Free Society of Traders...after he had lived in Pennsylvania for ten months” – Bronner & Fraser. Among the notable features of this tract are Penn’s personal observations of the American Indians of the region. Philadelphia is described by Penn as follows:

The city of Philadelphia now extends in length, from river to river, two miles, and in breadth near a mile...and as its now placed and modelled between two navigable rivers upon a neck of land, and that ships may ride in good anchorage, in six or eight fathom water in both rivers, close to the city, and the land of the city level, dry and wholesome; such a scituation is scarce to be parallel’d....The city (as the model [i.e. Holme’s plan] shews) consists of a large Front-street to each river, and a High-street (near the middle) from Front (or river) to Front, of one hundred foot broad, and a Broad street in the middle of the city, from side to side, of the like breadth. In the center of the city, is a square of ten acres; at each angle are to be houses for publick affairs, as a Meeting-House, Assembly or State-House, Market-House, School-House, and several other buildings for publick concerns. There are also in each quarter of the city a square of eight acres, to be for the like uses, as the Moor-fields in London; and eight streets (besides the said High Street) that run from Front to Front, and twenty streets (besides Broad-street) that run cross the city, from side to side; all these streets are of fifty foot breadth.

All editions of Penn’s Letter are rare, and copies with the Holme map exceedingly so. The Holme map in this copy is supplied in facsimile. Four versions of this work were published by Penn in 1683 with variant text to the title and varying collations. This copy corresponds to Bronner & Fraser’s second edition, third issue. Referring to the final leaf and the map, Church states: “this list and plan are usually lacking.” No complete copy of this work has appeared at auction since the 1967 Streeter sale. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 683/156. BRONNER & FRASER 67d. CHURCH 686. Richard Dunn, “William Penn and the Selling of Pennsylvania” in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 127, no.5, pp.322-29. JCB II:1271. SABIN 59712. STREETER SALE 944. WING P1321. ESTC R40046. WINSOR III:498. $20,000.

Franklin’s Printing of the Charters of Pennsylvania

102. [Pennsylvania]: [Franklin, Benjamin]: A COLLECTION OF CHAR- TERS AND OTHER PUBLICK ACTS RELATING TO THE PROVINCE OF PENNSYLVANIA, VIZ.... Philadelphia: B. Franklin, 1740. [2],46pp. Folio. Modern half calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, leather label. Light toning and minor dampstaining. Corners and edges of first two leaves reinforced with tissue; several other leaves reinforced at corners. Un- obtrusive embossed library stamp on titlepage. Good.

Benjamin Franklin’s printing of eight important Pennsylvania documents, including “I. The Royal Charter to William Penn; II. The first frame of government granted in England in 1682; III. The laws agreed upon in England; IV. Certain conditions or concessions; V. The Act of Settlement, made at Chester, 1682; VI. The second frame of government, granted 1683; VII. The charter of the city of Philadelphia, granted October 25, 1701; VIII. The new charter of privileges to the province, granted October 28, 1701.” An important collection of foundation Pennsylvania documents, printed by her most famous printer. EVANS 4583 HILDEBURN 622. MILLER 203. $25,000.

A Major Early New York Imprint

103. [Petyt, George]: LEX PARLIAMENTARIA: OR A TREATISE OF THE LAW AND CUSTOM OF THE PARLIAMENTS OF ENG- LAND. By G.P. Esq. New York: William and Andrew Bradford, 1716. [6], 184pp. (pp.30-32 misnumbered 28-30; p.73 misnumbered 23). 12mo. Contem- porary American binding of calf over boards, ruled in blind in a double fillet windowpane pattern. Spine nearly perished, boards held tenderly by cords, calf on boards worn and stripped. Upper third of titlepage in facsimile. Age- toned. Two worm holes in lower margin, both beginning at start of text and one extending to the “G” signature, the other to the “I” signature. Withal, a very good copy. In a half morocco and cloth box.

First American printing, and a very early New York imprint, of this treatise on the powers, procedures, and activities of the Parliament, originally published in London in 1690. A very thorough description on the workings of the English political system, which would have been of great interest in the colonies. This is one of the very few Bradford imprints that list the names of both father and son. “We are unable to trace the sale of any copy (except Mr W. Menzies’) of this most rare book” – Sabin. The Menzies copy sold for a remarkable $27 in 1875. Authorship is ascribed by Evans. The North American Imprints Project locates twelve copies. Rare on the market, and in an early American binding, likely done by William Bradford’s own shop. EVANS 1850. NAIP w013590. COHEN 5802. SABIN 58055. MENZIES SALE 1531. BRINLEY SALE 3430. $15,000.

104. [Philadelphia Imprint]: [Moral Instruction]: THE FOLLY AND VANITY OF A LIFE SPENT IN THE PURSUIT OF WORLDLY PROFIT, EASE OR PLEASURE, COMPARED WITH A LIFE WHOLLY EMPLOYED IN ENDEAVOURING TO GLORIFY GOD, AND DO GOOD TO MANKIND; ILLUSTRATED IN SOME ACCOUNT OF THE PIOUS LADY ELIZABETH HAST- INGS, AND OF ARMELLE NICOLAS, A POOR IGNORANT COUNTRY MAID IN FRANCE, COMMONLY KNOWN BY THE NAME OF THE GOOD ARMELLE. Philadelphia: Printed by John Dunlap, 1770. 24pp. 12mo. Modern half morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Ex-Library Company of Philadelphia, with their early and modern bookplates on the front pastedown (de-accessioned as a duplicate, initialed by Edwin Wolf II). Trimmed a bit close, affecting an occasional catchword. Very good.

The first printing of this work, which was also issued a few years later as part of some copies of A Collection of Religious Tracts (Philadelphia: Joseph Cruikshank, 1773). Armelle Nicolas was a 17th century French servant girl whose life of piety and good works developed a cult following. Lady Elizabeth Hastings (1682-1739) was also well known for her good works and charity in England. This book was issued by John Dunlap, best known for the first broadside printing of the Decla- ration of Independence. A scarce volume on moral instruction for an American audience, drawing on European examples at a time when Americans were shaping their own national character. EVANS 11654. ESTC W17056. HILDEBURN 2529. $1000.

A Confederate General Says Farewell to His Troops

105. Polk, Leonidas: FAREWELL ADDRESS OF LIEUTENANT-GEN- ERAL POLK. Missionary Ridge, Tn. Sept. 30, 1863. Broadside, 9½ x 6¼ inches. Toned. Some light staining and foxing. Good.

A rare field press broadside printing of Confederate General Leonidas Polk’s stir- ring and eloquent farewell to his troops in the Army of Tennessee, after he had been removed from his command by General Braxton Bragg. Polk graduated from West Point a year before Jefferson Davis, and the two enjoyed a long and close friendship. Polk left the military soon after graduation, and entered the Episcopal ministry, eventually becoming Missionary Bishop of the Southwest. Upon the outbreak of the Civil War he was appointed a general and became a commander of the Army of Tennessee. Polk eventually came under criticism, especially from his superior, Braxton Bragg. He participated at Belmont, Shiloh, Perryville, and Murfreesboro, but after what was considered a poor performance at Chickamauga, Bragg relieved Polk of his command. In this address to his troops Polk refers to the “unfortunate disagreement between myself and the commander-in-chief of this Department,” defends his actions and decisions, and praises the bravery and performance of his men.

Contending with a numerous, well-appointed and merciless enemy, for all that man holds dear, you have borne unexampled privations with fortitude, fought with undaunted bravery, and ever yielded a ready and cheerful obedience to your officers....My earnest exhortation and request to you is, to fight on and fight ever, with true hearts, until your independence is achieved. Thousands of hearts may fall crushed and bleeding under the weapons of the foe, or the passions or mistakes of friends, but the great cause must not be sacrificed, or our flag abandoned.

Polk would be reassigned, and was killed during a scouting expedition in 1864. Not in Parrish & Willingham. OCLC locates only a single copy, at Yale. OCLC 54243068. $3000.

Important Work on the Sugar Trade

106. [Prinsep, John]: STRICTURES AND OCCASIONAL OBSERVA- TIONS UPON THE SYSTEM OF BRITISH COMMERCE WITH THE EAST INDIES: WITH REMARKS AND PROPOSED REG- ULATIONS, FOR ENCOURAGING THE IMPORTATION OF SUGAR FROM BENGAL; AND HINTS FOR AN ARRANGE- MENT OF THE TRADE, AFTER IT SHALL BE SEPARATED FROM THE REVENUE, OF OUR TERRITORIAL ACQUISI- TIONS. TO WHICH IS ADDED, A SUCCINCT HISTORY OF THE SUGAR TRADE IN GENERAL. London: Printed for J. Debrett, 1792. iv,210,[8]pp., (two folding tables included in the pagination). Errata. Original marbled wrappers, printed paper label on front wrapper. Paper worn away at spine ends, wrappers rubbed. Light tidemark in upper margin throughout. A few instances of early ink marginalia, and a few early notes on the inner rear wrapper. Very good.

An early analysis of British trade with India, and of the sugar trade with the West Indies. Prinsep first went to India as a military cadet in 1771, and then made a fortune in India importing indigo and by introducing the printing of cotton fabrics to that country. Pages 105-164 deal with the beginnings of the sugar trade in the Americas. Europe was experiencing a sugar shortage in 1792 due to the revolution on Santo Domingo, which prevented its crop from reaching market. Imports were possible from India, but this trade was monopolized by the East India Company, and Prinsep favors ending that monopoly. One of the folding tables lists the number of ships and their tonnage entering Britain from the West Indies and the other shows profits and losses of the East India Company in 1789 and 1790. The early manuscript notes indicate a reader’s interest in India and Indian currency. Not in the catalogue of the Beinecke Lesser Antilles Collection at Hamilton College, and scarce in the market. ESTC T134802. KRESS B2419. GOLDSMITHS 15163. RAGATZ, p.272. $2500.

The Quasi-War with France

107. [Quasi-War with France]: AN ACT TO SUSPEND THE COMMER- CIAL INTERCOURSE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND FRANCE, AND THE DEPENDENCIES THEREOF [caption title]. [Philadelphia. 1798]. [2]pp. on a single folio sheet. Docketed in ink on the verso. Three old horizontal folds. Neat separations at the edges of the folds, with no loss; 3 x 1-inch portion of lower left corner torn away, not affecting text. About very good.

Rare congressional act, signed in type at the conclusion by President Adams, Vice-President Jefferson, and Speaker of the House Jonathan Dayton, suspending trade with France during the so-called “Quasi-War” of the late 1790s. The act was approved June 13, 1798. The Quasi-War was an undeclared conflict between the United States and France during the Adams administration in the late 1790s, manifested mostly in naval engagements between the two nations. The war was the outgrowth of deteriorating Franco-American relations, which had been weakened earlier in the decade by the “Genet Affair” and the “XYZ Affair,” and it wreaked havoc on commerce between the two nations. One of the main weapons wielded by Adams was to ban American commerce from France and French dependencies, accomplished by this congressional act. The law commands that “no ship or vessel, owned, hired, or employed, wholly or in part, by any person resident within the United States, and which shall depart therefrom after the first day of July next, shall be allowed to proceed directly, or from any intermediate port or place, to any port or place within the territory of the French Republic, or the dependencies thereof, or to any place in the West-Indies, or elsewhere, under the acknowledged government of France, or shall be employed in any traffic or commerce with or for any person resident within the jurisdiction, or under the authority of the French Republic.” The act goes on to bar French commerce and French ships from American ports, and spells out the steps that France must take to end the trade embargo, namely to refrain from the “aggressions, depredations, and hostilities” that they have undertaken against the United States. ESTC locates only a single copy, at the John Carter Brown Library; there is also a copy at the Library of Congress. Both ESTC and Evans give a collation of 2,2pp., yet this text is complete in the two pages on the single sheet found here, and it is docketed on the verso. It seems that Evans and ESTC are counting a blank conjugate leaf as part of the collation. EVANS 34710. ESTC W14826. $2250.

108. [Quasi-War with France]: LAW OF THE UNITED STATES. BY AUTHORITY. FIFTH CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES... AN ACT, FURTHER TO SUSPEND THE COMMERCIAL IN- TERCOURSE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND FRANCE, AND THE DEPENDENCIES THEREOF [caption title]. [Philadel- phia. 1799]. [1]p. on a single folio sheet, text printed in three columns. Dock- eted in ink on the verso. Three horizontal folds. Some light edge wear, small separations at the edges of the folds, not affecting text. Very good.

Rare congressional act extending the suspension of trade with France during the so-called “Quasi-War” of the late 1790s, and adding a provision allowing the U.S. Navy to inspect and seize American ships that are violating the embargo. This act was approved Feb. 9, 1799, and extends the provisions of the law first approved June 13, 1798. It is signed in type at the conclusion by President Adams, Vice President Jefferson, and Speaker of the House Jonathan Dayton. The Quasi-War was an undeclared conflict between the United States and France during the Adams administration in the late 1790s, manifested mostly in naval engagements between the two nations. The war was the outgrowth of deteriorating Franco-American relations, which had been weakened earlier in the decade by the “Genet Affair” and the “XYZ Affair,” and it wreaked havoc on commerce between the two nations. One of the main weapons wielded by Adams was to ban American commerce from France and French dependencies, accomplished by the congressional act of 1798 and extended by the present law. The law forbids American ships from trading with France or with French dependencies, including in the West Indies, and goes on to bar French commerce and French ships from American ports. Significantly, this act goes beyond the provisions of the 1798 law by permitting United States navy vessels to inspect and potentially seize American vessels that have traded with France or with French dependencies. This broadside format is unusual for the printing of a law, and indicates that it was meant to be displayed in ports and customs officers for the attention of ships masters who may have been unaware of the embargo law or willfully violating it. ESTC locates only three copies, at Oxford, the British National Archives, and the American Antiquarian Society. Rare. EVANS 36522. ESTC W42364. OCLC 80514531. $1850.

The Haskell Norman Copy of an American Medical Classic

109. Rush, Benjamin: AN ORATION DELIVERED FEBRUARY 4, 1774, BEFORE THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, HELD AT PHILADELPHIA, CONTAINING AN ENQUIRY INTO THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MEDICINE AMONG THE INDIANS IN NORTH-AMERICA, AND A COMPARATIVE VIEW OF THEIR DISEASES AND REMEDIES, WITH THOSE OF CIVI- LIZED NATIONS. Philadelphia: Joseph Crukshank, [1774]. 118pp. 20th- century half calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Spine lightly rubbed. Haskell Norman bookplate on front pastedown. Contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage. Older library ink stamp on second leaf. Titlepage lightly soiled, otherwise text generally quite clean. Very good.

A discussion of Native American medicine by Dr. Benjamin Rush, Founding Father and signer of the Declaration of Independence. “The first treatise on North Ameri- can Indian medicine published in North America. Rush was particularly interested in American Indian medical practices, about which he learned from travelers and from the occasional Native American visitors to Philadelphia. He described some of these practices in his oration to the American Philosophical Society, approving those, such as bloodletting, that coincided with his own medical theories, and dismissing as useless those that did not. He believed ‘fevers’ to be the only disease from which Indians suffered” – Norman. This is the copy of noted medical collector H.F. Norman, the only copy to appear in auction records for the past forty years (it realized $9775 at his sale in 1998). An important American medical work, and quite rare on the market. EVANS 13592. AUSTIN 1678. NORMAN 1861. ESTC W6693. $12,500.

110. [Rutledge, Christine]: SPIRITUELLES, (UNWRITTEN SONGS OF SOUTH CAROLINA), SUNG BY THE CAROLINA SINGERS, DURING THEIR CAMPAIGNS IN THE NORTH, IN 1872-73... WRITTEN FOR THE FIRST TIME, FROM MEMORY, BY THE CAROLINA SINGERS...Ninth Thousand. [Philadelphia]: H. L. Acker, [ca. 1873]. 48pp. 12mo. Original printed yellow wrappers. Engraved view of the Fairfield Normal Institute (home of The Carolina Singers) on the rear cover. Wrappers soiled and lightly stained, with a few closed edge tears. Good.

A group of former slaves, now students at the Fairfield Normal Institute near Columbia, S.C., formed the Carolina Singers in 1872, and toured the northern States to raise school funds. The blurb on the title page informs us that the group was devoted to “sing the weird songs of the colored people, as they learned them in the days of Slavery.” Like the Fisk Jubilee Singers just before them, the Carolina Singers were a university chorus that helped introduce the public at large to the spiritual and folk songs of the plantation, along with newer, developing music focused on the post- war African-American experience. Highlights among the forty-three songs here include “The Gospel Train,” “Swing Low Sweet Chariot,” “Go Down Moses,” “Roll Jordan Roll,” and “What Makes Old Satan Follow Me So.” Eileen Southern, The Music of Black Americans, pp.227-31. $1250.

Rare Haitian Imprint

111. [St. Domingue]: DECRET DE L’ASSEMBLÉE CI-DEVANT SÉ- ANTE A SAINT-MARC, A L’OCCASION D’UN VOYAGE FAIT DANS CETTE VILLE, PAR MM. DESLIGNERIS & BRUNET, OFFICIERS AU REGIMENT DU PORT-AU-PRINCE. Port-au- Prince: Mozard, 1790. 11pp. plus integral blanks. Minor foxing. Folded sheets, partially unopened and untrimmed. Very good plus.

Pamphlet recording the steps to internal revolution on St. Domingue, comprising a report of two officers sent to hear the meetings of the Assembly of Saint Marc. The meetings minutes are recorded here, as is a commentary by Col. Antoine Mauduit, head of the bureaucratic opposition. Copies located at Columbia University, the John Carter Brown Library, and the Bibliothèque Nationale de France. All 18th- century Caribbean imprints are rare. $3750.

112. Saunders, Richard [pseudonym]: POOR RICHARD IMPROVED: BEING AN ALMANACK AND EPHEMERIS OF THE MOTIONS OF THE SUN AND MOON...FOR THE YEAR OF OUR LORD 1768.... Philadelphia: Printed and Sold by D. Hall and W. Sellers, [1767]. [36]pp. including in-text woodcut illustrations. 12mo. Printed self-wrappers, stitched. Additional stab holes in blank gutter. Contemporary ink manuscript notes in margins of two pages of text. Dampstain in upper margin. Scattered foxing. Overall very good.

The second Poor Richard’s almanac issued after Benjamin Franklin’s involvement with the publication ended. In addition to the calendar, the present volume includes an article on the selection and cultivation of fruit trees, numerous health remedies, and bits of wisdom from Peter the Great and Semiramis. Woodcuts illustrating the different signs of the zodiac accompany each month of the almanac. The illustration, “The Anatomy of Man’s Body, as govern’d by the Twelve Constellations,” appears on page [5]. DRAKE 9913. EVANS 10765. NAIP w036925. $3750.

First Substantive Book Printed in German in America

113. [Saur, Christopher]: [German Printing in America]: ZIONITISCHER WEYRAUCHS-HUGEL ODER: MYRRHEN BERG.... Germantown: Christopher Saur, 1739. [12],792,[14]pp. Thick octavo. Contemporary calf, front hinge neatly repaired. Lower corner of titlepage reinforced. Light toning and soiling throughout. Very good. In a half morocco box.

This is the first work of any size printed in German in America. The first printing in German of any sort was done by Andrew Bradford and Benjamin Franklin, both of whom produced ephemeral items between 1728 and 1737. In 1738, Christopher Saur established the first German-language press in America in Germantown, near Philadelphia, and printed this book the following year. The Zion- itischer... was printed for the Ephrata Cloisters, and was probably largely arranged by Conrad Beissel. A landmark of American printing. EVANS 4466. SEIDENSTICKER, p.11. ARNDT 17. $7500.

A Great Rarity of American Travel

114. Schöpf, Johann David: REISE DURCH EINIGE DER MITTLERN UND SÜDLICHEN VEREINIGTEN NORDAMERIKANISCHEN STAATEN NACH OST-FLORIDA UND DEN BAHAMA-INSELN UNTERNOMMEN IN DEN JAHREN 1783 UND 1784. Erlangen: Johann Jacob Palm, 1788. Two volumes. [24],644,[1]; [6],xxxii,551,[1]pp., plus folding map. Modern half calf and marbled boards. Two volumes from different sets, bound uniformly. First volume foxed and dampstained. Second volume with institutional ex-lib. on titlepage. Titlepage of each volume printed on thick paper. Nonetheless, a good set.

The first edition of Schöpf ’s account of his travels along the eastern coast of America immediately following the Revolutionary War. The author was a German-trained physician who served as a field surgeon attached to the Ansbach regimen of Hessian mercenaries employed by the British during the American Revolution. After the war ended, Schöpf stayed an additional two years in America, travelling from New York City south to St. Augustine, Florida. He also spent time in the Bahamas. Howes refers to the work as the “first notable 18th century account of the United States by a German traveller.” Schöpf was a careful student of natural history, and was particularly interested in the geology and mineralogy of the region. He was the author of the first significant work on American geology and the earliest materia medica based on plants found in eastern North America. “Among travellers in America it would be difficult to find his equal in combined breadth of interests, accuracy of observation and judgement, wit, and serene good temper...he is one of the best exemplars of the culture of the Enlightenment” – DAB. This book has proved to be a notably difficult work to obtain over the years, and this is the first set we have ever handled, although we have had both Schöpf ’s geological and materia medica works. HOWES S176, “aa.” SABIN 77757. DAB XVI, pp.457-58. CLARK II:120. $8500. Eliot Indian Tract

115. Shepard, Thomas: THE CLEAR SUN-SHINE OF THE GOSPEL BREAKING FORTH UPON THE INDIANS IN NEW-ENGLAND. OR, AN HISTORICALL NARRATION OF GODS WONDER- FULL WORKINGS UPON SUNDRY OF THE INDIANS, BOTH CHIEF GOVERNORS AND COMMON-PEOPLE.... London: Print- ed by R. Cotes for John Bellamy, 1648. [14],38pp. Small quarto. 20th-century red morocco, gilt, spine gilt, a.e.g. About half of the titlepage and leaves A4, F2 and F3 in very expert facsimile; leaves A3 and F1 with slight loss replaced in expert facsimile, text trimmed closely at bottom edge. Withal, a serviceable copy, surprisingly good-looking despite its trials.

“The third Eliot Indian tract, first edition. An important narrative. Almost half the text consists of a long letter from John Eliot to Shepard, Roxbury, 24 September 1647, reporting on his missionary activities” – Siebert. Eliot is herein described as being so proficient with the Indian language that he is able to preach in it to the natives. Thomas Shepard (1605-49) sailed for the New World in 1635, settling in Newtown, Massachusetts, where he played a significant role in the spiritual and religious development of the Puritan colony. “As minister of First Church, Newtown, perhaps in reaction to his own early temptations, he helped define puritan order and orthodoxy during the antinomian controversy of 1636-8, which eventually resulted in the expulsion from the colony of Anne Hutchinson, John Wheelwright, and their followers, and in the chastening of Shepard’s old colleague, John Cotton” – DNB. An important work, and rare – the last copy to appear at auction was the Siebert copy in 1999 ($12,650), and a complete copy would certainly be significantly more today. Our price reflects the faults of this copy. ESTC R206115. CHURCH 489. JCB II, 378. WING S3109. SIEBERT SALE 247. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 648/157. VAIL 111. THOMASON TRACTS I:599. SABIN 80205. $2000.

A Key Work of King George’s War

116. Shirley, William: A LETTER FROM WILLIAM SHIRLEY, ESQ; GOVERNOR OF MASSACHUSET’S BAY, TO HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF NEWCASTLE: WITH A JOURNAL OF THE SIEGE OF LOUISBOURG, AND OTHER OPERATIONS OF THE FORCES, DURING THE EXPEDITION AGAINST THE FRENCH SETTLEMENTS ON CAPE BRETON; DRAWN UP AT THE DESIRE OF THE COUNCIL AND HOUSE OF REPRE- SENTATIVES OF THE PROVINCE OF MASSACHUSET’S [sic] BAY.... London. 1746. 32pp. Antique-style three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Old library stamp faintly visible, title-leaf remargined in gutter, else very good.

First printing of this account of important events of King George’s War in 1744- 48. “The attack on Louisbourg in 1745 was looked upon by Shirley only as a step towards a complete conquest of Canada, and the success of the siege at once raised his hopes. Instigated by him, the English ministry approved of an expedition against Canada, and a force of over eight thousand men was raised, principally from the northern colonies. The British force which was to have co-operated was, however, detained either by bad weather or by the blundering of the ministry, and nothing came of the attempt” – Lande. Shirley describes the capture of Louisbourg by British naval forces and New England troops under William Pepperell. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 746/186. HOWES S424, “aa.” SABIN 80548. STREETER SALE 1004. TPL 4703. LANDE 786. $6500.

The Legislative Reading “Slip Bill” of Pennsylvania’s Fugitive Slave Law: A Moment of Massive Constitutional Implications

117. [Slavery]: No. 347. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES...AN ACT TO GIVE EFFECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONSTITU- TION OF THE UNITED STATES RELATIVE TO FUGITIVES FROM LABOR FOR THE PROTECTION OF FREE PEOPLE OF COLOR AND TO PREVENT KIDNAPPING [caption title]. [Harrisburg, Pa.: Cameron & Krause, printers, 1826]. 7pp. Folio. Dbd. Faint old fold lines. Roughly removed from a bound volume, resulting in some paper loss, not affecting text. Minor soiling; docketed on verso of last leaf. About very good.

The Pennsylvania House of Representatives working draft, or “slip bill,” of Pennsyl- vania’s fugitive slave law, passed in 1826. Such drafts were printed, double spaced, for draft purposes while legislation was under consideration, and were generally only printed in sufficient numbers for the members on the floor. There is only one other copy of another issue noted on OCLC, but this version seems to be unique. This act makes it a felony to carry off or detain a slave with the intention to sell him/her, punishable by hefty fines and servitude. It further states that the owner of a runaway slave, or his acting agent, may apply to “any judge, justice of the peace or alderman” in Pennsylvania for a warrant to retrieve the lost property. The law also renders it a misdemeanor to “aid, abet or attempt the rescue of such a fugitive,” punishable by fines and possible imprisonment. In 1780 the state of Pennsylvania passed an act for the gradual emancipation of slaves, and while slavery was not actually abolished entirely there until 1847, there were only a few hundred slaves left in the state in 1826. The law was not aimed internally, but passed under pressure from neighboring Maryland, since many slaves fled across the increasingly significant Mason-Dixon Line into the “free” North. Pennsylvania long maintained that fugitive slave issues were covered by the federal act of 1793, but yielded to Maryland’s pressure to create a formal system, though laborious, for slave owners to reclaim their property – the only northern state to do so. In fact, enforcement was increasingly lax, and slave holders took matters into their own hands. In 1837 a fugitive slave from Maryland, Margaret Morgan, had lived in York County, Pennsylvania for five years when a man named Edward Prigg, working for her owner, came to arrest her. Though he had a warrant, the county constable refused to help him, and Prigg forcibly removed the fugitive to Maryland. He was subsequently indicted in York County for kidnapping and found guilty. The case, Prigg vs. Pennsylvania, ultimately found its way to the Supreme Court, where the 1826 law was found unconstitutional in 1842. The repeal of this law left only the 1793 federal law, which was hardly enforce- able, and a rising tide of southern demand for a law with teeth. This was ultimately realized in the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 – a path which began directly with the present act. The unique legislative draft version of a law which came to have great significance in Constitutional history and the story of slavery in the United States. OCLC 30550129 (ref ). $7500.

An Important Early American Drawing Book

118. Smith, John Rubens: A KEY TO THE ART OF DRAWING THE HUMAN FIGURE, COMMENCING WITH THE FEATURES AND PROGRESSING TO HEADS, LIMBS AND TRUNKS, WITH THEIR PRINCIPLES OF PROPORTION, AND THEIR APPLI- CATION TO ATTITUDE, COMPRISED IN TWENTY FOUR LITHOGRAPHIC PLATES.... Philadelphia. 1831. [29]pp. plus twenty- four plates. Folio. Contemporary three-quarter calf and marbled boards, rebacked, spine gilt, leather label. Extremities rubbed. Old library bookplates on front pastedown. A few plates with marginal tears. About good.

Drawing manual compiled by John Rubens Smith, with twenty-four plates showing various aspects of the human figure (eyes, hands, face, etc.), with explanatory text. John Rubens Smith (1775-1849), the son of engraver John Raphael Smith, was a London-born artist who emigrated to the United States in 1809. Having arrived in America, Smith set up a drawing academy in Brooklyn in 1814, and ran a similar establishment in Philadelphia in the 1830s. He wrote several instruction books, such as this one. Smith is also noted for touring the United States and “documenting” the young nation through his drawings and illustrations. Only a handful of copies of this work appear on OCLC. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 9214. Who Was Who in American Art III:3083. $2500.

119. [South Carolina]: DIGEST OF THE ORDINANCES OF THE CITY OF CHARLESTON, FROM THE YEAR 1783 TO JULY 1818; TO WHICH ARE ANNEXED, EXTRACTS FROM THE ACTS OF THE LEGISLATURE WHICH RELATE TO THE CITY OF CHARLESTON. Charleston: Archibald E. Miller, printer, July 15, 1818. 269,36,22pp. [bound with:] A COLLECTION OF THE ORDINANCES OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF CHARLESTON, FROM THE TWENTY-EIGHTH OF SEPTEMBER, 1818, TO THE TWELFTH OF AUGUST, 1823. Charleston: Printed by Archibald E. Miller, 1823. [4],57pp. [bound with:] A COLLECTION OF THE ORDINANCES OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF CHARLESTON, FROM THE THIRD OF FEBRUARY, 1824, TO THE THIRTI- ETH OF MAY, 1826. Charleston: Printed by Archibald E. Miller, 1826. [2],64pp. [bound with:] A COLLECTION OF THE ORDINANCES OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF CHARLESTON, FROM THE 10th DAY OF OCTOBER, 1826, TO THE 13th DAY OF MARCH, 1832. Charleston: Printed by Archibald E. Miller, 1832. [2],90pp. Four works bound in one volume. Quarto. Contemporary calf, original owner’s name stamped in gilt on the upper cover, spine gilt, red morocco label, marbled endpapers. Expert repair to front joint. Browned throughout. Else very good. Prov- enance: J[ervis] H[enry] Stevens, City Sheriff (name in gilt on upper cover).

An early sammelband of Charleston South Carolina laws, including ordinances relating to slaves and free blacks. This work provided the lawman a condensed version of the laws governing the city in an alphabetical format by subject and with and index. Among the laws relating to slavery (in the first work occupying pages 178-191) are those detailing the use of Charleston’s slave badges, as well as the punitive 1806 ordinance restricting the movements of free blacks in the city. This copy in a presentation binding for South Carolina lawmakers and officials. Scarce. The first work: SABIN 12048. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 43585. COHEN 8744. $2750.

The Very Beginning: The Earliest Printing of the South Carolina Secession Ordinance

120. [South Carolina Secession Ordinance]: AN ORDINANCE TO DIS- SOLVE THE UNION BETWEEN THE STATE OF SOUTH CAR- OLINA AND OTHER STATES UNITED WITH HER UNDER THE COMPACT ENTITLED “THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.” [Charleston, S.C.: Evans and Cog- swell, Dec. 18 or 19, 1860]. Broadside, 13½ x 8¼ inches. Stained along the left edge. Wrinkles and old folds. Heavily tape-repaired on the verso. Good. In a half morocco box.

A very rare draft printing, likely the earliest printing, of the South Carolina Se- cession Ordinance, apparently printed for the use of the seven-member committee appointed to draft the ordinance by which South Carolina seceded from the Union, precipitating the Civil War. It is thus one of the most important printed documents of the entire Civil War. After Lincoln’s election, South Carolina moved vigorously to follow through its threat to secede from the Union. A secession convention was called, and assembled at Charleston on Dec. 17, 1860. Their entire business was to debate the issue of secession, which they favored overwhelmingly, and to settle on the wording of a secession ordinance. The ordinance drafting committee created the present text, and within three days, the 169 members of the Convention voted unanimously for the ordinance. This is the printing of the ordinance that was made for the use of the seven members of the committee appointed to draft the secession ordinance, and is likely its earliest printing. The ordinance is set up in the form of a “slip bill” or “reading bill,” familiar to most delegates as the typical form of a legislative bill in working draft, with the body of the text in numbered, double-spaced lines to facilitate the making of corrections. Textually, it is identical to the final draft version of the ordinance as distributed to the members of the full secession convention for their final vote. It differs from that later printing slightly in form however; the present version is printed in a much plainer manner, and does not italicize the title of the ordinance or the preamble, as is found in the later printing. Also, in the title of the ordinance, “America” is hyphenated “Ame-rica,” indicating the work of a printer who was not as concerned with aesthetic appeal as they would have been for the final product presented to the full convention. Though without an imprint, this version was likely printed by Evans and Cogswell, who were printers to the secession convention. Following the title, given above, the text reads:

We, the People of the State of South Carolina, in Convention assembled, do declare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, That the Ordinance adopted by us in Convention, on the twenty-third day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, whereby the Constitution of the United States of America was ratified, and also, all Acts and parts of Acts of the General Assembly of this State, ratifying amendments of the said Constitution, are hereby repealed; and that the union now subsisting between South Carolina and other States, under the name of “The United States of America,” is hereby dissolved.

Presumably, only a small number of copies would have been printed for the use of the seven-member ordinance drafting committee, and we are aware of only three other copies that have survived. One of those is in the Robert Barnwell Rhett papers at the Charleston Museum, and contains marginal annotations, presumably in Rhett’s own hand. Rhett was a member of the secession ordinance drafting committee. There are also copies at Emory University and at the College of Charleston. Par- rish & Willingham and Crandall both locate a copy at the Huntington Library, but according to the Huntington Library catalogue their holdings are of two, different, later printings of the secession ordinance. We are not aware of any copies of this first draft printing of the South Carolina Secession Ordinance to appear in the market. By comparison, a copy of the “slip bill” version that was presented to the consideration of the full convention was sold by this firm to the collector, Jay Snider, and reappeared at his auction at Christie’s in 2005 where it sold for $66,000. PARRISH & WILLINGHAM 3795. CRANDALL 1888. SABIN 87444 (ref ). $75,000. A Great Rarity of Southern Gardening

121. Squibb, Robert: THE GARDENER’S CALENDAR FOR THE STATES OF NORTH-CAROLINA, SOUTH-CAROLINA, AND GEORGIA. Charleston, S.C. 1827. [8],176pp. Frontis. Contemporary three- quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, leather label. Extremities rubbed. Moderate foxing. Very good.

The third edition, first published in Charleston in 1787. Squibb was a southern seeds- man and nursery grower. This is the first edition to have the appendix, “containing a variety of particular and general information on husbandry and horticulture.” An interesting guide, arranged chronologically by month of the year, with descriptions of gardening tasks which should be undertaken each month. The first edition of this work was the second gardening book published in America; both the first and second editions are practically unprocurable. SABIN 89948. AMERICAN IMPRINTS 30696. DE RENNE I, p.404. HEDRICK, pp.141, 147. $4000.

In Reply to Increase Mather

122. Stoddard, Solomon: THE DOCTRINE OF INSTITUTED CHURCHES EXPLAINED AND PROVED FROM THE WORD OF GOD. London. 1700. [2],34pp. Small quarto. Antique-style calf in period style, by Trevor Lloyd. Text trimmed close, affecting text on some pages and headlines on others, and removing the date on the title imprint. Various owner’s ex-libris in manuscript on the verso of the titlepage. Good.

Stoddard was one of the liberal Boston ministers who wished to dispute the con- servative principles put forth by Increase Mather in his important work, The Order of the Gospel... (Boston, 1700). Like Benjamin Colman and Thomas Brattle, who had their reply printed in New York, Stoddard found that the Mathers’ friendship and influence with the Boston printers of the time prevented him from getting into print there, so he took his publication to London. Only a handful of copies noted by ESTC. WING S5708. ESTC R16977. SABIN 91945. $2500.

123. [Stokes, Anthony]: A NARRATIVE OF THE OFFICIAL CON- DUCT OF ANTHONY STOKES, OF THE INNER TEMPLE, LONDON, BARRISTER AT LAW; HIS MAJESTY’S CHIEF JUS- TICE, AND ONE OF HIS COUNCIL OF GEORGIA; AND OF THE DANGERS AND DISTRESSES HE UNDERWENT IN THE CAUSE OF GOVERNMENT: SOME COPIES OF WHICH ARE PRINTED FOR THE INFORMATION OF HIS FRIENDS. [Lon- don. 1784]. 112pp., including errata. Contemporary marbled wrappers. Wrap- pers soiled, chipped along the spine, and detaching from text block. Very clean and near fine internally. In a cloth chemise and folding cloth box, spine gilt.

Attributed to Stokes himself, though written in the third person. Anthony Stokes was Chief Justice of Georgia under the royal government, arriving there in 1769, and his narrative covers the Revolutionary troubles in the colony from his Loyalist viewpoint. He documents his long and assiduous defense of the crown’s interests, the many difficulties he faced, and his attempts to exercise the rule of law in Revo- lutionary Georgia. He also seeks continuation of his salary or reparations for his service. Printed in a small number for private circulation. ESTC locates only five copies, at the British Library, Harvard, John Carter Brown Library, Library of Con- gress, and University of Virginia. Howes adds a copy at the University of Georgia, but their online catalogue identifies only a “xerox copy.” Not in De Renne. Rare. ESTC T39587. HOWES S1023, “b.” SABIN 91993. COHEN 6767. $8750.

124. [Sugar Trade]: THE CASE OF THE BRITISH NORTHERN COL- ONIES [caption title]. [London. 1731?]. 3,[1]pp. Folio. Vertical fold reinforced with tissue. Minor soiling. Very good.

A protest against a Bill to restrain the northern colonies from trading with the French and Dutch sugar islands. One of five editions published, all rather scarce. Only four copies of this edition noted by ESTC – at the National Archives, New- York Historical Society, University of Michigan, and the University of Minnesota. European Americana also notes Yale and JCB. ESTC N15514. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 731/37. $1350.

First Account of Oglethorpe’s Expedition to Reach England

125. Sutherland, Patrick: FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE, OF DE- CEMBER 25, 1742. AN ACCOUNT OF THE LATE INVASION OF GEORGIA, DRAWN OUT BY LIEUTENANT PATRICK SUTHERLAND, OF GENERAL OGLETHORPE’S REGIMENT, WHO LATELY ARRIVED IN ENGLAND, AND WAS SENT EX- PRESS ON THAT OCCASION, BUT BEING TAKEN BY THE SPANIARDS OFF THE LIZARD, WAS OBLIGED TO THROW THE SAID EXPRESS AND HIS OTHER PAPERS OVER-BOARD [caption title]. [London. 1743?] 4pp. Folio. Modern red morocco by San- gorski and Sutcliffe, ruled in gilt, spine gilt. Bookplate on rear pastedown. Old horizontal folds. Closed tears neatly repaired along the center horizontal fold. Light soiling. Very good.

A rare account of the defense against the 1742 Spanish invasion of Georgia. In 1740, during the War of Jenkin’s Ear, General James Oglethorpe, a founder of Georgia, mounted an attack on the Spanish in St. Augustine, Florida. The Span- ish repulsed Oglethorpe’s colonial troops, and in 1742 made their own offensive against Georgia, the defense of which is described here. This account was made by Lt. Patrick Sutherland, a member of Oglethorpe’s regiment who brought the news back to London. He describes the Spanish naval attack on St. Simon’s Island, the colonial response, and the land engagements that followed, all of which occurred in June and July, 1742. The text concludes with a list of the Spanish forces employed in the invasion, including “ninety Indians and 15 Negroes, who run away from South-Carolina.” ESTC locates a total of only three copies, at the British Library, the John Carter Brown Library, and the University of Virginia. Sabin notes the copy in the De Renne collection (now at the University of Georgia). Goodspeed’s bought the Streeter copy for $1500 in 1967, which is the last copy that we have been able to locate in the market. ESTC T86385. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 743/209. SABIN 93962. STREETER SALE 1153. DE RENNE I, p.114-115. $20,000. Early Philadelphia Almanac: Poor Richard’s Rival

126. Taylor, Jacob: PENSILVANIA, 1742. AN ALMANACK, OR EPHEMERIS.... Philadelphia: Printed and Sold by Andrew Bradford, [1741]. [32]pp. 12mo. Printed self-wrappers, stitched. Contemporary ink inscription (“Jacob Taylor”) in upper margin of titlepage; contemporary ink correction on p.[27]. Cellophane tape joining signature at spine, occasional minor foxing. Else bright, clean, and very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

An almanac by Jacob Taylor, who published his important Pennsylvania almanac for the years 1700 to 1746. It is a distinct possibility that the present copy was owned and signed by Taylor, as his inscribed name on the titlepage is accompanied later in the volume by a manuscript correction to a poem (“manumated” becomes “manumitted”). Taylor took the poetry in his almanacs seriously, printing excerpts of Paradise Lost in 1741, and composing well-received verse of his own. In addition to the calendar, this 1746 almanac contains a substantial amount of poetry; lists of courts, fairs, and Quaker meetings; and a discussion of Hannibal’s oath before the gods. This he concludes with a quote from the 1739 almanac of “R. Saunders” (Benjamin Franklin’s Poor Richard) on the dangers of false wit and pride in the present age, commenting favorably on Saunders, “By wicked Wit the Truth is often drown’d; Here certain Truth adorn’d with Wit is found” (p.[23]). Taylor’s almanac was printed by different Philadelphia printers over time. Some were printed by Franklin, but this one was issued by Andrew Bradford, one of Franklin’s rivals and the son of William Bradford, the first printer in Philadelphia. DRAKE 9634. EVANS 4818. NAIP w022747. $5500.

Tom Paine the Deist Found Wanting

127. [Theocrat, pseudonym]: THE BRUSH OF SOUND REASON, AP- PLYED TO THE COBWEB OF INFIDELITY, OR, THOMAS PAINE’S REASON PROVED FALSE, IN FEW WORDS; BEING A BRIEF REPLY TO THE AGE OF REASON, PART 2d. Chambers- burg: Dover & Harper, 1796. 24pp. Stitched as issued. Heavy soiling and wear to titlepage and final leaf. Light dampstaining, foxing, and wear to interior leaves. Still, a good copy of a rare item.

A work which zealously upholds the Christian faith against the perceived evils of Deism as spouted by Thomas Paine, bearing the unusual imprint of Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. In his opening address to the reader, the author states:

That Deism and Infidelity increase is too evident to escape your notice. The advancement thereof must certainly occasion the downfall of all that is valuable and honorable. The Christian religion – the Christian name – the Christian faith – the Christian hope – the Christian purity – the Christian happiness, are now in danger. Neutrality is a crime. Either defend Christianity with zeal and wisdom; or else turn Deist and defend Infidelity. You’ll see my sentiments in the following letter. If any arguments therein are helpfull to you, I shall rejoice. Study the Bible and it will afford you more assistance in its own defence, than all that can be said.

ESTC locates copies at the American Antiquarian Society and the John Carter Brown Library; OCLC adds nothing further. No copies appear in auction records for at least the last thirty years. Rare. Not in Gaines’ Political Works of Concealed Authorship, presumably because of the primarily religious text. EVANS 30131. ESTC W9564. $1000.

With an Account of Early Maryland

128. [Thomas, Dalby]: AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE RISE AND GROWTH OF THE WEST-INDIA COLLONIES, AND THE GREAT ADVANTAGES THEY ARE TO ENGLAND, IN RESPECT TO TRADE. London. 1690. [6],53pp. Small quarto. Modern half brown calf, gilt-stamped spine, leather label. Modern bookplate on front pastedown. Contemporary ownership signatures on titlepage. Occasional pencil underlining throughout in text. Light toning and soiling. Very good.

“The author was general manager and director of the Royal Africa Company, and thus interested in the trade and wealth of the American colonies. He sets forth the economic value of the colonies, and protests the additional duties that have been levied by the Act of 1685...there is an interesting passage on the production of tobacco in Maryland and Virginia, its commercial value, with details about planting, harvesting and curing” – Baer. This copy was once owned by Sir William Boothby, third Baronet of a distinguished English family, and a well-known book collector. BAER MARYLAND 137. ARENTS II:410. SABIN 32056. KRESS 1749. WING T961. $6750.

A Major Tennessee and French and Indian War Rarity

129. Timberlake, Henry: THE MEMOIRS OF LIEUT. HENRY TIM- BERLAKE, (WHO ACCOMPANIED THE THREE CHEROKEE INDIANS TO ENGLAND IN THE YEAR 1762).... London: Printed for the Author, 1765. viii,160pp. plus folding map and folding plate. Half title. Modern half calf and marbled boards, gilt leather label. Light rubbing to binding. Light soiling to half title and final leaf. Else a near fine copy.

Timberlake was a British officer who spent considerable time with the Cherokees in Georgia and eastern Tennessee in the early 1760s, during the turbulent period of frontier strife at the end of the French and Indian War. He later accompanied a delegation of Cherokees to London. His account, here in the first edition, is one of the best of the period, and one of the few accounts of the war with the Cherokees in the southern colonies. The map is an important cartographic work in its own right. The folding plate is “A Curious secret Journal taken by the Indians out of the Pocket of a French Officer they had kill’d.” “May very well be considered the Number One book in any Tennessee library, since it is the first book ever written concerning activities in the are now embraced in this state” – Horn. “Represents the earliest and one of the historically significant works relative to the Cherokee Indians and their activities...in original condition, ranks as a most desirable rare Tennessee book” – Allen. A very nice copy of a legendary rarity. SIEBERT SALE 277. ALLEN, SOME TENNESSEE RARITIES 1. HORN, TWENTY TENNESSEE BOOKS 1. STREETER SALE 1619. HOWES T271, “b.” CLARK I:319. VAIL 565. FIELD 1553. GRAFF 4154. SABIN 95836. Duane King, editor, The Memoirs of Lt. Henry Timberlake... (Museum of the Cherokee Indian, 2007). King’s excellent introductory essay is the best description of Timberlake and his amazing story, and the volume illustrates many important places and artifacts. $35,000.

The Streeter Copy of an Americana Beginnings Title, One of the Most Celebrated Books in American History: “An Americana Classic” – Streeter

130. [Trumbull, John]: THE ADVENTURES OF COLONEL DANIEL BOON, ONE OF THE FIRST SETTLERS AT KENTUCKE: CON- TAINING THE WARS WITH THE INDIANS ON THE OHIO, FROM 1769 TO 1783, AND THE FIRST ESTABLISHMENT AND PROGRESS OF THE SETTLEMENT ON THAT RIVER. WRIT- TEN BY THE COLONEL HIMSELF. TO WHICH ARE ADDED, A NARRATIVE OF THE CAPTIVITY, AND EXTRAORDINARY ESCAPE OF MRS. FRANCIS [sic] SCOTT, AN INHABITANT OF WASHINGTON-COUNTY VIRGINIA; WHO AFTER THE MURDER OF HER HUSBAND AND CHILDREN, BY THE IN- DIANS, WAS TAKEN PRISONER BY THEM; ON THE 29 OF JUNE, 1785. Norwich, [Ct.]: Printed by John Trumbull, 1786. 24pp. Later portrait of Boone inserted as a frontispiece. 16mo. 20th-century three-quarter morocco and marbled boards. Lightly worn at corners and foot of spine. Book- plates on front and rear pastedowns. Evenly tanned, persistent stain in upper margin. Small hole in first leaf of text, affecting two words. Overall, very good. In a half calf and marbled boards slipcase, gilt leather spine label.

The very rare first edition of the first separately published account of Daniel Boone, what Streeter called “an Americana classic.” This is Thomas W. Streeter’s own copy, one of four copies that we have been able to locate. First appearing in a somewhat different form as an appendix to Filson’s Kentucke, the text was supposedly taken down by Filson from Boone’s own dictation. Told in an unadorned, straightforward manner, the narrative is filled with Boone’s encounters with hostile Indians on the Kentucky frontier. This version was rewritten probably by John Trumbull, though some have suggested Humphrey Marshall. The narrative of Mrs. Frances Scott, taken from her home in Washington County, Virginia by Indians in 1785, is reprinted from contemporary newspapers, undoubtedly as its first book appearance. Not in the Ayer collection of Indian captivity narratives, which contained many titles on the Scott captivity. This book is also notable as an early American sporting book. Not in Sabin, nor in Field or in Phillips’ bibliography of American sporting books. ESTC locates four copies, at the American Antiquarian Society, The New York Public Library, the Rosenbach Library, and Trinity College. Vail adds a copy at the Huntington Library, but Streeter asserts, in Americana Beginnings, that they do not have a copy (confirmed by the current Huntington librarian). Streeter also notes that the NYPL copy is a photostat, making a total of four known actual copies, including the present copy. The titlepage of our copy differs from that of the copies at AAS, the Rosenbach, and Trinity College. Our title concludes with the words “on the 29 of June, / 1785” whereas the copies at AAS and the Watkinson Library at Trinity College concludes “on the 29th of / June, 1785.” This indicates to us that this Streeter copy is perhaps an earlier state of the titlepage, corrected with a stop-press correction made while the book was in the press. This copy sold for $3200 to the Carnegie Bookshop at the Streeter sale in 1967, and then reappeared at auction in 1985, making $13,200. Streeter, echoing a time- honored refrain, notes that “this is a copy that sold at a Libbie auction, on May 15, 1888, for eight dollars and fifty cents! Those were the days to buy rare Americana.” STREETER SALE 1622 (this copy). STREETER, AMERICANA BEGINNINGS 45. HOWES T369, “d.” EVANS 19514. ESTC W10139. JILLSON, pp.5-6. VAIL 743. TRUM- BULL 38. HENDERSON, EARLY AMERICAN SPORT, p.70. $150,000. The Turner Thesis: The Rare First Printing

131. Turner, Frederick Jackson: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FRON- TIER IN AMERICAN HISTORY. [Contained in:] PROCEEDINGS OF THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF WISCONSIN AT ITS FORTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING HELD DECEMBER 14, 1893. Madison, Wi.: Democrat Printing Company, 1894. 173pp. plus full-page illustrations (including frontispiece). Turner’s essay appears on pp.79- 112. Original printed wrappers, removed from a larger volume, spine perished. Light toning. Very good. In a half morocco box.

The very rare first printing of Turner’s epochal thesis, as it was originally published in the Proceedings of the Wisconsin Historical Society for 1893. Turner’s thesis was that the open frontier played a tremendous role in shaping American character and culture, and that the growth of the United States to its natural western borders, marking the closing of the frontier, would have equally significant consequences on the national identity. Perhaps the most influential work of American historiography, it moved Turner immediately into the first rank of American commentators. To this cataloguer’s mind the impact of Turner’s thesis on the field of American history was not unlike that of Einstein’s theory of relativity on the field of physics – all subsequent historians would have to deal with the implications of Turner’s ideas. A separate offprint of Turner’s essay was issued by the Wisconsin Historical Society later in 1894, and it occasionally appears on the market. This, however, is the first copy of the true first printing of the Turner thesis that we have encountered. GROLIER AMERICAN 100, 96. STREETER SALE 4288. BRADLEY MARTIN SALE 2546. HOWES T422, “aa.” GRAFF 4209. PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 379. $12,500.

Early and Important Printing of the Federal Constitution

132. [United States Constitution]: THE CONSTITUTION, PRO- POSED FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, BY THE FŒDERAL CONVENTION, HELD AT PHILADELPHIA, IN THE YEAR ONE THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-SEVEN. TO WHICH IS ANNEXED, THE RATIFICATION THEREOF BY THE DELEGATES OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE STATE CONVENTION. Philadelphia: Printed by Hall & Sellers, 1787. 24pp. Gathered signatures, stitched as issued. Titlepage and following leaf with paper loss upper outer margin, not affecting text, expertly replaced with matching paper. Old light foxing. Very good. In a half morocco box.

An early and important Philadelphia printing of the Constitution, issued just after the Pennsylvania Convention ratified the document on December 12, 1787. This printing was produced some three months after the Constitution was first approved by the Constitutional Convention on September 17, 1787. Pennsylvania was a key state in the ratification process – it was the first large state to ratify the Constitution and the second overall, following only Delaware, which ratified it on December 7. Pennsylvania’s ratification marked an important step in the process to adoption of the Constitution as the supreme law of the land; this printing therefore marks an auspicious moment on the path to adoption. This is one of only a handful of pamphlet printings of the Constitution done in 1787, and also includes, on the final page, the names of the forty-six delegates who voted in favor of the Constitution at the Pennsylvania ratifying convention. This copy bears the early ownership signature of the “Richland Lybrary” on the titlepage. “Very rare in any condition...the importance of this pamphlet is appar- ent” – Rosenbach (who offered a copy in 1917 for $90). ESTC, NAIP, and OCLC together locate a total of thirteen copies. This is the first copy that we have ever owned, and we cannot find any copy appearing at auction in at least the past forty years. Any 1787 printing of the Constitution is scarce on the market. EVANS 20803. NAIP w030532. ESTC W30532. FORD, ADOPTION OF THE CON- STITUTION 10. HOWES C713. BRINLEY SALE 9104. BRAISLIN SALE 460. ROSEN- BACH 7:282. OCLC 40562223. $37,500.

Pursuing Neutrality in 1794

133. [United States Department of State]: RULE AS TO THE SAILING OF VESSELS OF WAR OF THE BELLIGERENT NATIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES. [Philadelphia: Printed by Childs and Swaine, 1794]. Broadside, 13¼ x 8 inches. Old folds, occasional minor foxing, light minor tanning at edges. Contemporary inscription on verso, “duplicate.” A very good copy.

A scarce State Department document ordering the safe passage of vessels from belligerent nations departing from the United States which may encounter vessels from other belligerent countries. The rule, dated June 18, 1794, was issued as part of the U.S. government’s official policy of neutrality in the war between Revolu- tionary France and England and Spain. Congress approved a neutrality act on June 5, 1794 based on President George Washington’s neutrality proclamation of 1793. The order states in part:

When any vessel, whether of war or merchandize, public or private, belonging to any belligerent nation, shall depart from the United States, beyond the jurisdictional line of the United States, on the ocean; and a vessel of war, whether public or private, belonging to another of the belligerent nations, being adverse, shall at the time of the departure of the first mentioned vessel, be within such jurisdictional line, the last mentioned vessel of war shall not sail beyond such jurisdictional line, until the expiration of twenty-four hours, after the departure of the first mentioned vessel.

Any vessels not obeying this order were considered to be in violation of international law, and actions would be taken against the offending ship. EVANS 27928. NAIP w023289. $1250.

Instructions for Diplomats

134. [United States Department of State]: PERSONAL INSTRUCTIONS TO THE DIPLOMATIC AGENTS OF THE UNITED STATES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. Washington: Government Printing Of- fice, 1885. 77pp., printed on blue paper. Folio. Original pink front wrapper (rear wrapper lacking) bound into later green cloth, spine gilt. Contemporary ownership inscription on front wrapper, bookplate on front pastedown. A bit of light wear. Near fine.

The copy given to the newly-appointed United States Ambassador to France, Robert M. McLane, with an inscription on the front wrapper, and signed in manuscript by Secretary of State Thomas F. Bayard on the printed transmittal page. Robert Milligan McLane (1815-98) was a congressman from Maryland, and later governor of the state. He was appointed Ambassador to France in 1885, having previously served as U.S. Commissioner to China (1853-54) and Minister to Mexico (1859- 60). Thomas Francis Bayard (1828-98) was a three-term Senator from Delaware, and was appointed Secretary of State by Grover Cleveland in 1885. These instructions were meant to address questions of diplomatic conduct for American representatives abroad in an era before instant worldwide communication. From transit to the post, to presentation of credentials, to accurate record keeping and correspondence with the Department, virtually anything imaginable is covered. It is also, in its way, a précis of international law at the time. Printed in a small number, for the use of the diplomatic corps. OCLC locates only four copies of the complete printing of these instructions (with the index on pages 69- 77), at Columbia University Law School, Newberry Library, Library of Congress, and Cornell University. OCLC 63625201, 183423169 $1250.

Tobacco Tax Protest

135. [Virginia]: THE CASE OF THE PLANTERS OF TOBACCO IN VIRGINIA, AS REPRESENTED BY THEMSELVES, SIGNED BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL AND SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF BURGESSES [caption title]. [London? 1732?] 4pp. Folio. Reinforced and repaired at central fold with tissue. Minor soiling and wear. Very good.

Likely the first edition of this work, printed in a preliminary form, or to be used as a lobbying handout. The Brinley catalog (no. 3731) states “that the above is without title or imprint and was printed for use of Counsel” (Sabin). The full work, complete with a “Vindication” of the planters, was published in 1733. “[This work] contains a summary of the various imposts on tobacco landed in England, an account of the complicated customhouse procedures, and of the frauds most prevalent at importation and exportation. It is suggested that the methods enforced by the custom regulations invite deception. The difficulties of the planters are referred to” – Arents. It is signed in type by Robert Carter, President, and John Halloway, Speaker, of the Virginia House of Burgesses, June, 1732. Fewer than ten copies located in online resources. This may be the same as European Americana 732/51, but the title is reversed. Rare. SABIN 99910. ARENTS 673 (ref ). ESTC T20254. HANSON 4518. $1500. A Remarkable California Photographic Production

136. Vischer, Edward: VISCHER’S PICTORIAL OF CALIFORNIA LANDSCAPE, TREES AND FOREST SCENES. GRAND FEA- TURES OF CALIFORNIA SCENERY, LIFE, TRAFFIC AND CUSTOMS. San Francisco: Printed by Joseph Winterburn & Company, April 1870. [4],4,[129]-131 [i.e. six leaves], [10]pp. of text plus 163 albumen photographs on captioned mounts (a few with two photographs per mount). Large quarto portfolio in original morocco, elaborately stamped in gilt, spine richly gilt, raised bands, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Binder’s ticket of Bar- tling & Kimball of San Francisco on front pastedown. Binding worn around edges, some mounts warped (as usual). Light dampstain in lower margin of first front endpapers and first two leaves, final six mounts a bit tanned, one mount (toward rear) tanned with stain in lower outer corner. Overall very clean internally, in near fine condition. [with:] [TEXT VOLUME OF IDEN- TICAL TITLE]. [4],132pp. Quarto. Original printed wrappers. Worn along spine, wrappers lightly soiled, stain on rear wrapper. Internally clean. Very good. [with:] Vischer, Edward: MISSIONS OF UPPER CALI- FORNIA, 1872. NOTES ON THE CALIFORNIA MISSIONS, A SUPPLEMENT TO VISCHER’S PICTORIAL OF CALIFORNIA, DEDICATED TO ITS PATRONS. San Francisco: Winterburn & Co., 1872. [2],44,viii,iv,[2]pp. Original printed wrappers. Wrappers foxed and torn. Internally clean. Very good.

Bibliographer Merrill J. Mattes’ copy, with his pencil ownership signature on a front free endpaper. A singular work of California art and iconography, Vischer’s Pictorial of California Landscape... stands alone in its depiction of the state in the second half of the 19th century. Called by Weber “preeminently the greatest artist in the early history of our state,” Vischer created dozens of drawings of California scenes and scenery from on-the-spot observations, and reproduced them in albumen photographs, with accompanying text descriptions. “The drawings, executed in pencil and wash, cover a wide range of subjects, including the rare commemoration of the brief introduction of camels to California. Of special importance are the drawings of the missions which interested Vischer throughout his life” – Howell. Cowan notes that few copies of Vischer’s work contain precisely the same number of plates, and that statement is borne out by the present copy, which features 163 separate mounted albumen photographs, divided into five sections. This is among the largest number of photographs of any Vischer album. The first section, on landscape, is the largest, with sixty-one photographs including scenes in forests and mining camps, the Sierra Nevada, Lake Tahoe, Truckee, Santa Barbara, Santa Cruz, several California missions (of great interest to Vischer), Donner Lake, the San Bernardino mountains, and more. This is followed by a section of twenty-eight photographs of trees and forest scenes, including giant Sequoias and redwoods, the Mammoth tree grove, and Cypress trees. Next comes a section of fourteen photographs of “Grand Features” depicting the scenery of Yosemite, the Sierra Nevadas, Donner Lake, Mount Shasta, and coastal views. A large section follows of forty-six photographs of scenes depicting the life, traffic, and customs of California, with views of the Napa Valley, farming scenes, the mission at Santa Barbara, rodeos, cattle roundups, emigrant camps, mines, and whaleships and Navy vessels in San Francisco harbor. The final section consists of fourteen reproductions of Carleton Watkins prints of the Industrial Fair of 1864. Of Vischer’s work America Pictured To The Life states: “...there are no contemporary publications quite comparable to them in their eccentric combination of media; the confusion is compounded by the bewildering array of formats, issues, and reissues the artist ultimately produced.” Also included here is the accompanying text volume of Vischer’s Pictorial..., as well as his text on the missions of California, published in 1872. Edward Vischer (1809-78) migrated from Germany to Mexico at the age of nineteen, working for commercial houses, and acting as the supercargo on trading voyages to Pacific ports in the Americas and Asia. In the 1840s, Vischer was visiting California regularly and began producing paintings and sketches of California life, scenery, and missions. He determined to publish his artwork, and initially began doing so through lithographs, abandoning this method in favor of photographs of his drawings, when one of his lithographic stones broke, costing him in time and effort. He turned to photography, and in 1862 began issuing albums reproducing his drawings in a variety of formats and issues. “Because of his Herculean efforts, this sumptuous publication still remains as an invaluable reference for studying the early iconography of California” – Kurutz. A remarkable and unique work of American art and photography. COWAN, p.662. HOWELL 50:914. HOWES V131, “b.” GRAFF 4492. KURUTZ, CALIFORNIA BOOKS ILLUSTRATED WITH ORIGINAL PHOTOGRAPHS 66. ROCQ 17214. STREETER SALE 2930, 2936. CURREY & KRUSKA 381. FARQUHAR, YOSEMITE 5c. WEBER, CALIFORNIA MISSIONS, p.103. EBERSTADT 124:16. MILES & REESE, AMERICA PICTURED TO THE LIFE 21 (note). $27,500.

Extremely Rare: A Remarkable Collection

137. [Wales, William, and John Roberts, publishers]: THE SOUTH- WESTERN MONTHLY, A JOURNAL DEVOTED TO LITERA- TURE AND SCIENCE, EDUCATION, THE MECHANIC ARTS AND AGRICULTURE. VOLUME I[–II]. Nashville. 1852. Two volumes. viii,374 [i.e. 376]; vii,376pp., plus thirty-one plates. Later three-quarter black morocco and cloth, spines gilt. Corners lightly worn. Ownership inscription on verso of each frontispiece, bookplate on rear pastedowns. First volume with ink stamp on pastedown and titlepage. Lightly foxed. Some light wear and soiling. Very good.

A very rare complete set of this interesting and important Tennessee periodical, containing all twelve articles entitled “Early History of the Southwest,” which constitute the main interest of the magazine for modern readers. After the magazine ceased publication with the December 1852 issue, the editors followed their intention stated in their last editorial and gathered all of the narratives into a book issued in January 1853 entitled Indian Battles, Murders, Seiges [sic] and Forays in the South-West. “...This was a collection of narratives by various authors. These had appeared separately as articles in the South Western Monthly Magazine, printed in Nashville during the years 1851-52. The magazines are considered frontier peri- odicals of extreme rarity – the 1853 book...is all but unobtainable. Apparently, few copies of the book were printed, judging from the very few times one finds records of its sale...” – Allen. The actual first appearances in print of all of the items in the book are the periodical versions. Articles include “Sketch of the Captivity of Col. Joseph Brown,” “The Indian Massacres in the Vicinity of Bosley’s Spring...,” “Indian Murders around Nashville – Narrative of John Davis, Esq.,” “Scalping of Thomas Everett and his two sisters, near Buchanan’s Fort...,” “Indian Battles and Murders – Narrative of General Hall,” “Perils attending emigration from Virginia to the West...burning of Sigler’s Fort. Narrative of John Carr,” “The levy of men sent out from North Carolina...narrative of Mr. Samuel Blair,” “Narrative of John Rains,” “Massacre at Cavet’s Station.” Virtually all of the narratives describe Indian fights in Tennessee between the 1780s and the War of 1812. An important rarity of Indian warfare on the Old Southwest frontier. This set has a remarkably large number of plates; other sets we know of have far fewer. All seem to be remainders from New York publications used as illustrations without regard to text. HOWES W30 (ref ). ALLEN RARITIES 47. ALLEN IMPRINTS 3160. $7500.

Taken Prisoner by Indians During the Revolution

138. [Walton, William]: A NARRATIVE OF THE CAPTIVITY AND SUFFERINGS OF BENJAMIN GILBERT AND HIS FAMILY; WHO WERE SURPRISED BY THE INDIANS, AND TAKEN FROM THEIR FARMS, ON THE FRONTIERS OF PENNSYL- VANIA.... Philadelphia, Printed; London, Reprinted: James Phillips, 1785. 123,[1]pp. Late 19th-century three-quarter green morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Extremities lightly worn. Modern bookplate on front pastedown. Very minor soiling, but generally quite clean internally. Very good.

The first British edition of this rare captivity narrative, after the first edition printed in Philadelphia the previous year. Gilbert dictated his experiences to William Wal- ton, who wrote this book. On June 25, 1780 a party of eleven Seneca Indians led by Rowland and John Montour (sons of the famous Catharine Montour) invaded frontier Pennsylvania settlements where the Gilbert homestead was located. The fifteen captives were bound with cords, their home was plundered and burned before their eyes, and they were taken to Fort Niagara, where they were divided among the Indians. Individual family members were redeemed by degrees mostly at Fort Niagara, being sent first to Montreal and then home to Pennsylvania. “Extremely valuable for its account of Indian life” – Vail. The verso of the last leaf lists other texts sold by Phillips, including one by William Penn. A most important captivity narrative, set in the Pennsylvania wilds during the Revolutionary War. FIELD 607. SABIN 27348. HOWES W80, “aa.” AYER 302. VAIL 718 (another ed). ESTC T95582. $1500. With an Illustration of Washington’s Jack-Ass

139. [Washington, George]: WEATHERWISE’S TOWN AND COUN- TRY ALMANACK, FOR THE YEAR OF OUR LORD, 1786 BE- ING THE SECOND AFTER BISSEXTILE OR LEAP-YEAR, AND THE TENTH OF THE AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE.... Boston: J. Norman, [1785]. [24]pp. Stitched as issued, with later stitching. Light scattered soiling, primarily to exterior leaves. Contemporary ownership notation. Very good.

With a woodcut illustration on the cover, entitled “General Washington’s Jack Ass,” accompanied by a verse satirizing the gift. The animal was a gift to Washington from the King of Spain and was used to breed the first mules in the country. The verse on the cover ends with the lines: “Though droll the Gift, yet from a King ’tis good; / Asses, Kings, Ministers are all one blood.” Also included in the almanac is a table with the weight and value of coins, and the standard calendar information. EVANS 19224. DRAKE 3372. $1750. Building the Washington Monument

140. [Washington Monument]: TO THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES [caption title]. Washington: C.W. Fenton, [ca. 1848]. Broadside, 19 x 12 inches. Printed in three columns of dense text. Light foxing, primarily at top edge. Very good.

Description of the design of the Washington National Monument, with an announcement from the Washington National Monument Society that construction has commenced with the laying of the cornerstone on July 4, 1848. Though the importance of memorializing George Washington had been recognized shortly after his death (Samuel Blodgett’s broadside of 1801 aimed to ac- complish the very same), it was during the 100th-year anniversary of his birth that gave renewed impetus to the attempts of the American people to celebrate his life and accomplishments. Inspired by his loyalty, patriotism, and selfless leadership during and after the Revolutionary War, concerned citizens gathered in 1833 and formed the Washington National Monument Society, the sole purpose of which was to erect a fitting monument in Washington’s name. By 1836, Richard Mills had been chosen as the architect; but under heavy criticism of the design as well as the estimated cost, the project halted until 1848, when President Zachary Taylor laid the first cornerstone and construction finally began. By 1854 donations ceased and the project was once again stalled, and it was not until 1884 that Washington saw its monument complete. The present broadside describes the proposed monument in great detail, giving exact specifications for all its measurements and edifices:

This Design embraces the idea of a grand circular colonnaded building 250 feet in diameter, and 100 feet high, from which springs an obelisk shaft 70 feet at the base and 500 feet high, making a total elevation of 600 feet....In the centre of the Monument is placed the tomb of Washington, to receive his remains, should they be removed thither, the descent to which is by a broad flight of steps lighted by the same light which illumines his statue.

Washington remained buried at Mount Vernon even after the Monument was finished. $5000.

141. [West Indies]: REASONS HUMBLY OFFERED TO THE CON- SIDERATION OF THE HONOURABLE MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS, WHY THE INTEREST ON MON- EY LENT IN GREAT BRITAIN, ON WEST INDIA ESTATES, SHOULD NOT BE RESTRAINED TO LESS THAN £8 PER CENT [caption title]. [London. 1774]. 2,[2]pp. Folio. Lightly foxed. About very good.

A Parliamentary lobbying memorial, in which the petitioners argue that the rate of interest in the West Indian Islands should be set to 8%, in order to promote fairness among the islands, where some of the interest rates were a mere 6%. An answering petition arguing for a rate of 6% was issued later the same year. Only two copies located by ESTC, at the British Library and the University of Kansas. AMERICAN CONTROVERSY 74-64. ESTC T16366. $1500. Rare Presbyterian Catechism

142. [Westminster Assembly of Divines]: THE SHORTER CATECHISM OF THE REVEREND ASSEMBLY OF DIVINES, WITH PROOFS THEREOF OUT OF THE SCRIPTURES...FOR THE BENEFIT OF CHRISTIANS IN GENERAL.... Boston: Printed by William M’Alpine, 1768. 33pp. Sewn into contemporary plain paper wrappers, manuscript paper label. Contemporary ink inscriptions on titlepage (the word “Cat- echism” beside title) and verso of terminal leaf (signatures of Eunice Barnard and Hepzibah Flagg). Wrappers worn. Titlepage creased and slightly chipped near gutter, affecting a few words of text. Foredge of second leaf frayed, with loss of several words on pp.3-4. Wear and mild foxing and soiling throughout. Good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

A very rare Boston catechism, this issue not in Evans, Bristol, or Shipton & Mooney. The so-called “Shorter Catechism” was codified in 1647 by the Westminster As- sembly and remains to this day part of the doctrinal standards of many Presbyterian churches. It was first printed in America at Cambridge in 1665 and frequently reprinted, though many of these are represented by a single surviving copy. The single other known copy is held by the American Antiquarian Society and has a damaged titlepage. The AAS copy of a variant of this issue (Evans 11115) lacks pages 29-[34]. NAIP w024488. EVANS 11115 (variant). $4250.

143. Wheelock, Eleazar: A CONTINUATION OF THE NARRATIVE OF THE INDIAN CHARITY-SCHOOL, BEGUN IN LEBANON, IN CONNECTICUT; NOW INCORPORATED WITH DART- MOUTH-COLLEGE, IN HANOVER, IN THE PROVINCE OF NEW-HAMPSHIRE.... Hartford. 1775. 54pp. Small quarto. Stitched as issued. Light wear and soiling, especially at fore edge. Very minor foxing. Just about very good.

The last installment in Wheelock’s series of publications continuing his history of the first Indian school in America. The series began with his A Plain and Faithful Narrative of the Original Design... (Boston, 1763), which covered the years 1754-62. The present volume gives an account of the history from September 1773 through February 1775. The school, founded by Wheelock, opened in 1754 under the name of the Moors Charity School. In 1772 it was removed to Hanover “where it formed the germ of the institution, known as Dartmouth College” (Field). While some copies of this work were issued with thirty-one pages, the present volume is the complete fifty-four-page imprint, containing the school budget and an appendix narrative. EVANS 14623. FIELD 1645. $1500. 144. [Wilkinson, James]: MEMOIRS OF GENERAL WILKINSON. VOLUME II [all published]. Washington: Printed for the Author, 1811. [6],[3]-18,[3]-99,[1],136pp. Modern half morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Two titlepages and advertisement leaf supplied from another copy and washed. Contemporary gift inscription and ownership signature on front fly leaves. Evenly toned. A very good copy, untrimmed.

Second issue of this very rare pre-issue of Wilkinson’s Memoirs..., with the added titlepage, “Burr’s conspiracy exposed....” Only this “Volume II” was ever issued in this format. According to the Advertisement for the book, Wilkinson was compelled to print this single volume of his Memoirs “to meet the torrent of vilification” against him as a result of his involvement in the Burr conspiracy. “This book was issued by Wilkinson in his own vindication, and also as a reply to Daniel Clark, who had endeavored to prove that Wilkinson was corrupt, and had been concerned with Burr” – Tompkins. This is Wilkinson’s first public statement on the Burr Conspiracy, and is an entirely different book from what eventually appeared as the second volume of his Memoirs in 1816. It is also exceedingly rare. STREETER SALE 1700. TOMPKINS 107. SABIN 104028. HOWES W428. $4500.

145. Williams, Eleazer: GOOD NEWS TO THE IROQUOIS NATION. A TRACT, ON MAN’S PRIMITIVE RECTITUDE, HIS FALL, AND HIS RECOVERY THROUGH JESUS CHRIST. Burlington, Vt.: Samuel Mills, January 1813. 12pp. Dbd. Minor foxing and toning. Very good.

“Grandson of Indian captive Eunice Williams who married an Indian chief of Caughnawaga, Eleazar Williams (d. 1858) served as an American scout in northern New York during the War of 1812. Desiring afterwards to work as a missionary, he published in 1813 this ‘gospel’ for the Iroquois Nation. Although a devout spiritual leader for many years, Williams later fell into the delusional fantasy that he was the Dauphin of France” – Siebert. The Siebert copy was in quite poor condition. SHAW & SHOEMAKER 30540. SIEBERT SALE 487. PILLING, IROQUOIAN, p.167. AYER, INDIAN LINGUISTICS (IROQUOIAN) 15. FIELD 1667. $2500.

“...the emergence of American libertarianism...”

146. Wortman, Tunis: A TREATISE CONCERNING POLITICAL EN- QUIRY, AND THE LIBERTY OF THE PRESS. New York: Printed by George Forman...for the author, 1800. 296pp. Modern half calf and marbled boards, leather label. Titlepage stained and also printed a bit faintly; with upper blank margin excised. Light toning and foxing. A very good copy despite the noted flaws to the title.

This copy bears the ownership signature of John Chapman Hunter on the titlepage and preface page. Hunter (1762-1849) was Presiding Justice of the court in Fairfax County, Virginia. Wortman’s book is the foremost expression of American libertarian thinking on freedom of speech in its formative stages, stating more fully than any of his fellow Jeffersonian Democrats the case for freedom of expression. Leonard Levy writes:

Tunis Wortman, a New York lawyer who was prominent in Tammany politics, contributed pre-eminently to the emergence of American libertarianism in his book...It is, in a sense, the book that Jefferson did not write, but should have. Devoid of party polemics and of the characteristically American preoccupation with legal and constitutional problems, it is a work of political philosophy that systematically presents the case for freedom of expression...the outstanding characteristics of the book are its philosophic approach and its absolutist theses.

From the premise of the Declaration of Independence that the people have the right to dissolve political bonds, Wortman implied an “unlimited right” for individuals and society to express political opinions. For Wortman, a society interested in fur- thering knowledge or truth must leave speech “entirely unshackled.” He held that open debate furthered the ability of society to arrive at the wisest course of action. He argued that the effect of the Alien and Sedition Acts was self-defeating, since coercion could not suppress thought, but only its expression, and so would inevitably lead to a lack of faith in the government, which he viewed as a worse consequence than any breach of peace. Levy concludes: “Wortman’s treatise is surely the pre- eminent American classic, because of its scope, fullness, philosophical approach, masterful marshalling of the facts, and uncompromisingly radical view.” EVANS 39150. SABIN 105514. McCOY, FREEDOM OF THE PRESS W398. COHEN 3603. Leonard Levy, Legacy of Suppression (Cambridge, 1960), pp.283-89. $6000.

Gambler, Grifter, Forger, Thief

147. Wyman, Seth: THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF SETH WYMAN, EMBODYING THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS OF A LIFE SPENT IN ROBBERY, THEFT, GAMBLING, PASSING COUN- TERFEIT MONEY, &c. &c. Written by himself. Manchester, N.H. 1843. 310pp. 20th-century brown cloth, spine gilt. Light foxing and soiling. Very good.

The thoroughgoing bad nature of the author is well described in the title. Most of his career was passed in New Hampshire and Maine, where even among a population renowned for its sharpness, he was able to find many a sucker. Born in 1784, he died just before the publication of this work, in prison. How much moralizing has been added by the publisher it is impossible to tell, but an entertaining account nonetheless. A rare book, one of the few pre-Civil War personal accounts of gambling and other bad behavior. HOWES W724. $2000. The Zenger Trial

148. [Zenger, John Peter]: THE TRYAL OF JOHN PETER ZENGER, OF NEW-YORK, PRINTER, WHO WAS LATELY TRY’D AND ACQUITTED FOR PRINTING AND PUBLISHING A LIBEL AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT. [bound with:] REMARKS ON THE TRIAL OF JOHN PETER ZENGER.... London. 1738. [2],32; iv,27pp. Quarto. Modern red half morocco and cloth, spine gilt. Very minor soiling. Near fine.

The third London edition of the transcript of Zenger’s famous trial, one of four London editions of that year, issued two years after the New York first edition. Zenger was put on trial for satirical remarks made in his newspaper about the governor of New York. His trial is usually considered to be the first case involving freedom of the press in America. The Remarks... provide an account of the Zenger trial and its repercussions concerning British law, by two lawyers who evidently felt conviction would have been more appropriate. “Zenger’s acquittal received wide attention in Europe for its revolutionary aspects, which apparently raised popular interest. These remarks, supposedly by two eminent American lawyers, disparage Andrew Hamilton’s ‘wild and idle Harangue’ that won Zenger’s release” – Streeter. HOWES Z6. COHEN 13389. STREETER SALE 866. SABIN 106314. $4500.