DOCSLIB.ORG

Proquest Dissertations

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Proquest Dissertations Fire history and stand structure in the Huachuca Mountains of Southeastern Arizona Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Danzer, Shelley Rae, 1951- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 07/10/2021 13:00:38 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278665 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Informadcn Company 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Aibor MI 48106-1346 USA 313A761-4700 800/521-0600 FIRE HISTORY AND STAND STRUCTURE IN THE HUACHUCA MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA by SheUey Rae Danzer A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the SCHOOL OF RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE WITH A MAJOR IN WATERSHED MANAGEMENT In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1998 UMI Number: 1389763 UNO Microform 1389763 Copyright 1998, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 7 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under the rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his or her judgement the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained by the author. SIGNED:_SIGNED: DvoQQcz^^ APPROVAL BY THESIS COMMITTEE This thesis has been approved on the date shown below; Uj. Dr. Thomas W. Swetnam Date Associate Professor of Dendrochronology 3a# Dr. D. Phillip Guertiiy Associate Professor of Watershed Management Dr. Malcobn J. Zv/olj^sm J Professor of Watershed M^iagement 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Fort Huachuca and the U.S. Forest Service for support of this project and particularly to Sheridan Stone, Wildlife Biologist and Research Coordinator at Fort Huachuca. Without his continued support this project would not have been possible. I would also like to thank my committee members. Dr. Tom Swetnam my major advisor, for taking me into the fire history lab, for instill the firebug in me, and for his continual guidance; Dr. Phil Guertin, for his patience, and fiiendship; and Dr. Malcolm Zwolinski for always having an open door, and an answer to my questions. Chris Baisan helped with every aspect of this project, fi"om fieldwork, to helping me learn dendrochronology, to reviewing copies of this thesis. The many others in the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research who helped with other aspects of this project fi^om field work, to thesis reviews, to moral support, include Henri Grrissino-Mayer, Kiyomi Morino, RenaAim Abolt, Mark Kaib, Steve Leavitt, James Riser, Jim Speer, Rex Adams, and Robert Shea. I appreciate all of your help and cherish your fiiendship, and wish you all the best in your futures. DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my children, Leland and Jola Danzer. Remember always, that you can reach your goals! Go for it! 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES 8 LIST OF TABLES 9 ABSTRACT 10 1. INTRODUCTION 11 1.1 Overview 11 1.2 Purpose of This Study 12 1.3 Questions Addressed by This Research 13 1.4 Organization of Thesis 15 2. BACKGROUND 16 2.1 The Role of Fire in Ponderosa Pine Forests 16 2.2 Factors aflFecting forest structure 16 2.2.1 Anthropogenic Factors Contributing to Changes in Forest Structure 17 2.2.2 Effects of Climatic Variation on Forest Structure 18 2.3 The Role of Lightning 21 3. METHODS AND MATERIALS 22 3.1 Cultural and Natural Background 22 3.1.1 Physical Setting 22 3.1.2 Geology 22 3.1.3 Climate 23 3.1.4 Vegetation 23 3.1.5. Land-Use History 24 3.1.5.1 Anthropogenic Disturbance 24 3.1.5.1.1 Apaches and fire 24 3.1.5.1.2 Early Euro-American Settlement and Grazing.. 26 3.1.5.1.3 Logging 29 3.1.6 Establishment of the Forest Reserves 30 3.1.7 Site Description and Location 31 3.2 Field Methods 33 3.2.1 Tree-ring Chronology Development 33 3.2.2 Fire History Reconstruction 34 3 .2.3 Stand Structure Characterization 35 3.2.3.1 Stand Density Measurements 37 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS-continued 3.2.3.2 Additional Samples 39 3.3 Laboratory Methods 39 3.3.1 Increment Cores 39 3.3.2 Cross-sections 41 3.4 Statistical Analysis 42 3.4.1 Measures of Central Tendency 43 3 .4.2 Modeling the Fire-Interval Distribution 43 3.4.3 Percentage-Scarred Classes 44 3 .4.4 Period of Best Sample Replication 45 3.4.5 Climate - Fire Pattems 46 3 .5 Analysis of Stand Structure using Tree Age Distributions 47 3.6 Analysis of Tree Species Composition 48 4. RESULTS 49 4.1 Master Tree-Ring Chronology 49 4.2 Fire History 49 4.2.1. Record of Fire Events 49 4.2.2 Fire Event Synchroneity 50 4.2.3 Seasonality of Fires 52 4.2.4 Summary Statistics 55 4.2.5 Superposed Epoch Analysis 59 4.3 Stand Dynamics 62 4.3.1 Stand Structure Analysis 62 4.3.1.1 Tree Age Distribution 64 4.3.1.1.1 Tree Composition and Age Structure on the Fort Huachuca Site 68 4.3.1.1.2 Tree Composition and Age Structure on the Miller Peak Wilderness Site 70 4.3.2 Tree Composition Based on Importance Values 73 4.3.3 Assessment of Inner Rings 75 5. DISCUSSION 76 5.1 Spatial Distribution of Fires 76 5.2 Relationship Between Climate and Fire Synchroneity 79 5.3 Location of Fire Ignitions 81 5.4 Stand Dynamics 83 5.4.1 Pattems of Tree Growth 83 5 .4.2 Effect of Fire on Stand Development 85 5.4.3 Regeneration in FHA 86 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS-continued 5.4.4 Regeneration in MPW 89 5.4.5 Site Productivity and Fire 92 6. CONCLUSIONS 93 6.1 Fire History and Stand Structure 93 6.2 Management Implications and Recommendations 95 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN TEXT 98 REFERENCES 99 8 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1 Map of Garden Canyon study area 32 FIGURE 2 Fire history composite of all fire events for Garden Canyon 51 FIGURE 3 Seasonality of fire events 54 FIGURE 4 Fire interval distributions for entire study site and for upper and lower sites individually 60 FIGURE 5 Superposed epoch analysis of entire period of best sample replication 61 FIGURE 6 Age distribution and species composition for each transect in FHA 65 FIGURE 7 Age distribution and species composition for each transect in MPW 66 FIGURE 8 Cumulative tree age distributions 67 FIGURE 9 Comparison of the Garden Canyon fire history composite with the McClure Canyon fire history composite 78 9 LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1 Summary statistics for Garden Canyon watershed 56 TABLE 2 Temporal analysis of sub-periods of entire GCW, upper and lower sites. 58 TABLE 3 Transect characteristics 63 TABLE 4 Percent species composition by transect 69 TABLE 5 Percent seedling distribution by transect 71 TABLE 6 Measurements of basal area and stand density for each transect 72 TABLE 7 Importance values 74 TABLE 8 Large fires in the Huachuca Mountains since 1970 87 10 ABSTRACT Historically, wildfires in mixed conifer forests of Southwestern sky islands were fi-equent events. Dendrochronological methods were used to reconstruct fire regimes and stand age structures in the Huachuca Mountains of Southeastern Arizona. Pre- settlement {i.e., before ca. 1870) fire intervals ranged fi-om 4 to 10 years, with many fires spreading over the entire sample area. Stand age distributions show an increase in more shade-tolerant tree species.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Narbonapass.Pdf
    FIRST-DAY ROAD LOG 1 FIRST-DAY ROAD LOG, FROM GALLUP TO GAMERCO, YAH-TA-HEY, WINDOW ROCK, FORT DEFIANCE, NAVAJO, TODILTO PARK, CRYSTAL, NARBONA PASS, SHEEP SPRINGS, TOHATCHI AND GALLUP SPENCER G. LUCAS, STEVEN C. SEMKEN, ANDREW B. HECKERT, WILLIAM R. BERGLOF, First-day Road Log GRETCHEN HOFFMAN, BARRY S. KUES, LARRY S. CRUMPLER AND JAYNE C. AUBELE ������ ������ ������ ������� ������ ������ ������ ������ �������� Distance: 141.8 miles ������� Stops: 5 ���� ������ ������ SUMMARY ������ �� ������ �� ����� �� The first day’s trip takes us around the southern �� �� flank of the Defiance uplift, back over it into the �� southwestern San Juan Basin and ends at the Hogback monocline at Gallup. The trip emphasizes Mesozoic— especially Jurassic—stratigraphy and sedimentation in NOTE: Most of this day’s trip will be conducted the Defiance uplift region. We also closely examine within the boundaries of the Navajo (Diné) Nation under Cenozoic volcanism of the Navajo volcanic field. a permit from the Navajo Nation Minerals Department. Stop 1 at Window Rock discusses the Laramide Persons wishing to conduct geological investigations Defiance uplift and introduces Jurassic eolianites near on the Navajo Nation, including stops described in this the preserved southern edge of the Middle-Upper guidebook, must first apply for and receive a permit Jurassic depositional basin. At Todilto Park, Stop 2, from the Navajo Nation Minerals Department, P.O. we examine the type area of the Jurassic Todilto For- Box 1910, Window Rock, Arizona, 86515, 928-871- mation and discuss Todilto deposition and economic 6587. Sample collection on Navajo land is forbidden. geology, a recurrent theme of this field conference. From Todilto Park we move on to the Green Knobs diatreme adjacent to the highway for Stop 3, and then to Stop 4 at the Narbona Pass maar at the crest of the Chuska Mountains.
    [Show full text]
  • Rainfall-Runoff Model for Black Creek Watershed, Navajo Nation
    Rainfall-Runoff Model for Black Creek Watershed, Navajo Nation Item Type text; Proceedings Authors Tecle, Aregai; Heinrich, Paul; Leeper, John; Tallsalt-Robertson, Jolene Publisher Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science Journal Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest Rights Copyright ©, where appropriate, is held by the author. Download date 25/09/2021 20:12:23 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/301297 37 RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODEL FOR BLACK CREEK WATERSHED, NAVAJO NATION Aregai Tecle1, Paul Heinrich1, John Leeper2, and Jolene Tallsalt-Robertson2 ABSTRACT This paper develops a rainfall-runoff model for estimating surface and peak flow rates from precipitation storm events on the Black Creek watershed in the Navajo Nation. The Black Creek watershed lies in the southern part of the Navajo Nation between the Defiance Plateau on the west and the Chuska Mountains on the east. The area is in the semiarid part of the Colorado Plateau on which there is about 10 inches of precipitation a year. We have two main purposes for embarking on the study. One is to determine the amount of runoff and peak flow rate generated from rainfall storm events falling on the 655 square mile watershed and the second is to provide the Navajo Nation with a method for estimating water yield and peak flow in the absence of adequate data. Two models, Watershed Modeling System (WMS) and the Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC) Hydrological Modeling System (HMS) that have Geographic Information System (GIS) capabilities are used to generate stream hydrographs. Figure 1. Physiographic map of the Navajo Nation with the Chuska The latter show peak flow rates and total amounts of Mountain and Deance Plateau and Stream Gaging Stations.
    [Show full text]
  • Arizona's Wildlife Linkages Assessment
    ARIZONAARIZONA’’SS WILDLIFEWILDLIFE LINKAGESLINKAGES ASSESSMENTASSESSMENT Workgroup Prepared by: The Arizona Wildlife Linkages ARIZONA’S WILDLIFE LINKAGES ASSESSMENT 2006 ARIZONA’S WILDLIFE LINKAGES ASSESSMENT Arizona’s Wildlife Linkages Assessment Prepared by: The Arizona Wildlife Linkages Workgroup Siobhan E. Nordhaugen, Arizona Department of Transportation, Natural Resources Management Group Evelyn Erlandsen, Arizona Game and Fish Department, Habitat Branch Paul Beier, Northern Arizona University, School of Forestry Bruce D. Eilerts, Arizona Department of Transportation, Natural Resources Management Group Ray Schweinsburg, Arizona Game and Fish Department, Research Branch Terry Brennan, USDA Forest Service, Tonto National Forest Ted Cordery, Bureau of Land Management Norris Dodd, Arizona Game and Fish Department, Research Branch Melissa Maiefski, Arizona Department of Transportation, Environmental Planning Group Janice Przybyl, The Sky Island Alliance Steve Thomas, Federal Highway Administration Kim Vacariu, The Wildlands Project Stuart Wells, US Fish and Wildlife Service 2006 ARIZONA’S WILDLIFE LINKAGES ASSESSMENT First Printing Date: December, 2006 Copyright © 2006 The Arizona Wildlife Linkages Workgroup Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written consent from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written consent of the copyright holder. Additional copies may be obtained by submitting a request to: The Arizona Wildlife Linkages Workgroup E-mail: [email protected] 2006 ARIZONA’S WILDLIFE LINKAGES ASSESSMENT The Arizona Wildlife Linkages Workgroup Mission Statement “To identify and promote wildlife habitat connectivity using a collaborative, science based effort to provide safe passage for people and wildlife” 2006 ARIZONA’S WILDLIFE LINKAGES ASSESSMENT Primary Contacts: Bruce D.
    [Show full text]
  • Accessible Report (PDF)
    United States Department of Agriculture Story Map: Forest Health Summary for Southwestern Region 2019 USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection, Arizona Department of Forestry and Fire Management, New Mexico State Forestry Background: This is an accessible version of the content on the ESRI Story Map with the Forest Health Summary for the Southwestern Region 2019 which is at: http://www.fs.usda.gov/goto/r3/healthreport. This document contains the text and photographs of the Story Map, however note that the content of the interactive maps are not capable of being reproduced here. Introduction The Forest Health Protection Program works collaboratively with Arizona State Department of Forestry and Fire Management and New Mexico State Forestry to conduct annual aerial detection surveys of forest health conditions. These surveys assess forest insect and disease issues throughout the Southwestern Region. This includes damage such as tree mortality caused by bark beetles, tree defoliation by leaf/needle feeding caterpillars, tree discoloration, or branch flagging caused by pathogens, and abiotic factors like hail damage. In 2019, approximately 23,100,000 acres of Federal, state and private forest and woodlands in NM and AZ were surveyed. Insect and disease damage detectable from an aircraft were recorded by host, damage agent and intensity of damage using the Digital Mobile Sketchmapping application on Android tablets. Damage is recorded with points for small occurrences or with polygons for larger areas and given intensity levels depending on the severity of the damage. When interpreting this data, special attention should be paid to intensity levels. For more information on data interpretation, please read the methodology section below.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrogeology of the Cenozoic Igneous Rocks, Navajo and Hopi Indian Reservations, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah
    Hydrogeology of the Cenozoic Igneous Rocks, Navajo and Hopi Indian Reservations, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 521-D Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Navajo Tribe .. HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE CENOZOIC IGNEOUS ROCKS, NAVAJO AND HOPI INDIAN RESERVATIONS, ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, AND UTAH Boundary Butte, one of the iHolated volcanic necks in the Navajo country. Photograph by E. T. Nichols. • Hydrogeology of the Cenozoic Igneous Rocks, Navajo and Hopi Indian Reservations, Arizona, New Mexico, and U tab By]. P. AKERS,]. C. SHORTY, and P.R. STEVENS HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE NAVAJO AND HOPI INDIAN RESERVATIONS, ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, AND UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 521-D Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau oj Indian Affairs and the Nava;·o Tribe UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1971 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract __________________________________________ _ D1 Volcanic rocks _____________________________________ _ D4 Introduction ______________________________________ _ 1 Monchiquite province __________________________ _ 5 Minette province ______________________________ _ Purpose, scope, and organization of the report_ ____ _ 1 9 Basalt province ________________________________ _ 12 Location ______________________________________ _ 2 Hydrology of the volcanic rocks _____________________ _ Fieldwork ____________________________________ :..._ 13 2 Diatremes ____________________________________ _ 13 Acknowledgments ______________________________ _ 2 Chemical quality of the ground water ____________ _ 15 Previous investigations _____________________________ _ 2 Development of ground water ___________________ _ 15 Stock laccoliths ____________________________________ _ 3 Literature cited ___________________________________ -_ 17 ILLUSTRATIONS Page FRONTISPIECE.
    [Show full text]
  • Navajo Nation Snowpack Variability from 1985-2014 and Implications for Water Resources Management *Lani M
    124 Universities Council on Water Resources Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education Issue 163, Pages 124-138, April 2018 Navajo Nation Snowpack Variability from 1985-2014 and Implications for Water Resources Management *Lani M. Tsinnajinnie1, David S. Gutzler2, and Jason John3 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, NM, 2Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 3Navajo Nation Department of Water Resources, Water Management Branch, Ft. Defiance, AZ *Corresponding Author Abstract: In the arid Southwest, snowpack in mountains plays an essential role in supplying surface water resources. Water managers from the Navajo Nation monitor snowpack at nine snow survey stations located in the Chuska Mountains and Defiance Plateau in northern Arizona and New Mexico. We characterize these snowpack data for the period 1985-2014 and evaluate the efficacy of snowpack data collection efforts. Peak snow water equivalent occurs in early to mid-March depending on elevation. Variability in snowpack levels correlates highly among all sites (r > 0.64), but higher elevation sites in the Chuska Mountains correlate more strongly with one another compared to lower elevation sites and vice versa. Northern sites also correlate well with each other. A principal component analysis is used to create a weighted average time series of year-to-year peak snowpack variability. The first principal component showed no trend in increasing or decreasing Navajo Nation snowpack. Results from this research will provide the Navajo Nation Department of Water Resources information to help determine if any snow survey sites in the Chuska Mountains are redundant and can be discontinued to save time and money, while still providing snowpack information needed by the Navajo Nation.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleoclimatic Indicators of Surface Water Resources in the Chuska Mountains, Navajo Nation
    PALEOCLIMATIC INDICATORS OF SURFACE WATER RESOURCES IN THE CHUSKA MOUNTAINS, NAVAJO NATION Becky Brice School of Geography and Development Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of Arizona [email protected] Climate Assessment of the Southwest Climate and Society Fellowship Final Report 2018 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • Declining snow water equivalent is impacting water resources in northeastern Arizona, a condition that is expect to be exacerbated in a warming and drying future. • Water availability is a critical issue for the Navajo Nation in the coming decades. Navajo tribal members who use the lakes along the crest of the Chuska Mountains for stock, wildlife, and recreation report declining lake levels and diminished surface water availability. • Projections of rising temperatures and possible precipitation declines in the southwestern United States suggest that diminished surface water resources in the Chuska Mountains may continue in the future. • Instrumental records of climate and of surface waters in the Chuska Mountains are acutely limited. The Navajo Nation began recording snow depth and snow water equivalent in 1985. At the time of this study, no lake level records existed for the Chuskas. • This study is a collaborative effort with the aim of co-producing knowledge about the long-term variability of snow water equivalent and surface waters in the Chuska Mountains of the Navajo Nation. It is the result of collective efforts of the Navajo Nation Department of Water Resources Water Management Branch and the University of Arizona. The goal was to produce management relevant science products for the modern and paleo periods. • The study represents the first attempt to place current snow water equivalent conditions in the context of the last 400 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Navajo Mountain Vole (Microtus Mogollonensis)
    TOC Page | 61 NAVAJO MOUNTAIN VOLE (MICROTUS MOGOLLONENSIS) Navajo/Federal Statuses: NESL G4 / not listed under the ESA. Distribution: Range of M.mogollonensis is AZ, NM and Mexico with small populations in southern UT, CO, and TX. M.m.navaho range extends from Williams, AZ to Mesa Verde, CO, including four locations on Navajo Nation: Navajo Mountain, Black Mesa, Defiance Plateau, and Chuska Mountains. Habitat: Typically occupy dry grassy vegetation in conifer forests, with variations including: dense prostrate shrub patches in ponderosa pine forests (Navajo Mountain); monotypic sagebrush stands, thick grasses in greasewood/ desert-olive stands and juniper stands, shrubby tamarisk thickets and chained pinyon and juniper woodlands (Black Mesa); and clear-cut pine flats with regenerating grasses and scattered oak (Chuska Mountains). Ground cover vegetation is necessary. Similar Species: Clethrionomys gapperi has reddish fur on dorsum; Microtus montanus and M. longicaudus have slightly longer tails and four pair of mammary glands. Phenology: m.APR-l.AUG: pregnancy, birthing, lactating of young e.SEP-m.APR: non-breeding season Survey Method: t1 pedestrian survey for habitat evaluation and presence of runways; species identification requires live-trapping. Avoidance: No activity (year-round) within 60 m of occupied habitat that could result in destruction of burrows/runways and take of individuals. References: Frey, J.K. and C.T. LaRue. 1993. Notes on the distribution of the mogollon vole (Microtus mogollonensis) in New Mexico and Arizona. Southwestern Naturalist 38:176-178. Hoffmeister, D.F. 1986. Mammals of Arizona. University of Arizona Press. (description p.441). Spicer, R.B. 1987. Status of the Navajo Mountain Mexican vole (Microtus mexicanus navaho Benson) along the Arizona-Utah border.
    [Show full text]
  • Navajo Nation Species Accounts
    TOC Page |i PREFACE: NESL SPECIES ACCOUNTS Welcome to Version 4.20 of the Navajo Nation Endangered Species List Species Accounts which were produced to accompany The Navajo Nation’s February 13, 2020 revision to the Navajo Endangered Species List. The order of Accounts follows the February 2020 revision of the NESL, a copy of which is enclosed for reference. These Accounts were developed and distributed by the Navajo Natural Heritage Program, of the Navajo Nation Department of Fish and Wildlife, to help planners and biologists answer basic questions about species of concern during project planning. Your constructive comments are encouraged. Species Accounts are preliminary tools for project planning. Their target audiences are project planners, and biologists not familiar with: 1) species’ life histories and habitat in this region; and 2) Tribal and Federal protection requirements. Their purpose is to provide clear-cut information so that basic questions can be answered early in the planning process. Therefore, they should be reviewed as soon as potential species for the project area are identified. Accounts will prove useful early in the planning process, but they should be used as a quick-reference anytime. If protected species are found then more research and likely coordination with the Department will be necessary. At the end of each account is a short bibliography for planning the details of surveys, and answering more in-depth questions. For planning surveys and developing avoidance/mitigation measures, Accounts no longer distinguish between required and recommended activities; i.e. the terms ‘suggested survey method’ or ‘recommended avoidance’ are not used in V 4.20.
    [Show full text]
  • Arizona Localities of Interest to Botanists Author(S): T
    Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science Arizona Localities of Interest to Botanists Author(s): T. H. Kearney Source: Journal of the Arizona Academy of Science, Vol. 3, No. 2 (Oct., 1964), pp. 94-103 Published by: Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40022366 Accessed: 21/05/2010 20:43 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=anas. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of the Arizona Academy of Science. http://www.jstor.org ARIZONA LOCALITIESOF INTEREST TO BOTANISTS Compiled by T.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Range of Variability and Current Landscape Condition Analysis: South Central Highlands Section
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264884775 Historical Range of Variability and Current Landscape Condition Analysis: South Central Highlands Section... Article CITATIONS READS 38 120 10 authors, including: William H. Romme M. Lisa Floyd Colorado State University Prescott College 120 PUBLICATIONS 8,999 CITATIONS 34 PUBLICATIONS 2,146 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Michele R. Crist Henri Grissino-Mayer Conservation Science Partners University of Tennessee 11 PUBLICATIONS 292 CITATIONS 148 PUBLICATIONS 4,811 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Lagoon Microbialites of the Gulf of Mexico View project Fire Disturbance in the Appalachian Mountains View project All content following this page was uploaded by Michele R. Crist on 11 September 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Historical Range of Variability and Current Landscape Condition Analysis: South Central Highlands Section, Southwestern Colorado & Northwestern New Mexico William H. Romme, M. Lisa Floyd, David Hanna with contributions by Elisabeth J. Bartlett, Michele Crist, Dan Green, Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, J. Page Lindsey, Kevin McGarigal, & Jeffery S.Redders Produced by the Colorado Forest Restoration Institute at Colorado State University, and Region 2 of the U.S. Forest Service May 12, 2009 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY … p 5 AUTHORS’ AFFILIATIONS … p 16 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS … p 16 CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION A. Objectives and Organization of This Report … p 17 B. Overview of Physical Geography and Vegetation … p 19 C. Climate Variability in Space and Time … p 21 1. Geographic Patterns in Climate 2.
    [Show full text]
  • AZWILD Fall 0506
    NEWSLETTER OF THE ARIZONA WILDERNESS COALITION ARIZONA WILDWILD An Immeasurable Legacy Rep. GiffordsGiffords on the Udalls Tassel Eared SquirrelsSquirrels Backpack or Pack Animal? Discover Cochise County Wild Lands! SUMMER 2010 Arizona Wilderness Coalition Main Office FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 520-326-4300 P.O. Box 40340, Tucson, AZ 85717 With New Leadership, Opportunity Phoenix Office 602-252-5530 Knocks P.O. Box 13524 Phoenix, AZ 85002 by Matt Skroch Central Arizona Field Office 928-717-6076 P.O. Box 2741 t is with great excitement and dedication that I opportunity knocks. Allow me to emphasize that Prescott, AZ 86302 step into the executive director position at the you—our dedicated members—are an integral part of Arizona Wilderness Coalition (AWC). My role AWC’s present and future. Our membership is the Ihere, like that of everyone involved with pro- lifeblood of our collective actions, giving voice and fAWC Staf tecting Arizona’s wild places under the banner of power to the places and wildlife we pledge to conserve. Matt Skroch, Executive Director, AWC, is wholly made pos- We look forward to culti- [email protected] sible through the out- vating and growing our Katurah Mackay, Deputy Director, growth of support from the relationship with you in [email protected] community of wilderness coming months. Sam Frank, Central Arizona Director, advocates to which you Finally, I’d like to [email protected] belong. Thank you for acknowledge the contribu- Paula Toffolo, Membership Coordinator, being an integral part of tions and hard work of [email protected] this great organization. Kevin Gaither-Banchoff Liana MacNeill, Sonoran Desert Outreach and The Arizona over the last several years Volunteer Coordinator, Wilderness Coalition has a as our executive director [email protected] bold and ever-important (see p.9).
    [Show full text]