DOCSLIB.ORG

GIS&T Body of Knowledge

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
GIS&T Body of Knowledge 91190AAG_Cover-R4.qxp 8/17/06 9:26 AM Page 1 GIS&T Body of Knowledge GIS&T Body Edited by David DiBiase, Michael DeMers, Ann Johnson, Karen Kemp, Ann Taylor Luck, Brandon Plewe, and Elizabeth Wentz Edited by Di B iase, De M ers, Johnson, K emp, Luck, Plewe, and Wentz AAG The Geographic Information Science and Technology Body of Knowledge may be ordered online from the AAG at www.aag.org/bok or by mailing or faxing this form to: AAG Publications, 1710 Sixteenth St., N.W. Washington, DC 20009; Fax: 202-234-2744. UCGIS Name__________________________________ Address_________________________________ Check enclosed Credit card payment (MC/Visa) #______________________ Exp. __________ Signature _______________________________ ISBN-10: 0-89291-267-7 ______ Copies at $20 each $_____________ Plus shipping $____5.00_____ AAG Total $_____________ 91190_FMpages_R2.qxd 8/7/06 2:40 PM Page i Geographic Information Science and Technology Body of Knowledge First Edition 91190_FMpages_R2.qxd 8/7/06 2:40 PM Page ii 91190_FMpages_R2.qxd 8/9/06 11:27 AM Page iii Geographic Information Science and Technology Body of Knowledge First Edition Edited by David DiBiase, Michael DeMers, Ann Johnson, Karen Kemp, Ann Taylor Luck, Brandon Plewe, and Elizabeth Wentz with contributions by The Model Curricula Task Force and Body of Knowledge Advisory Board An Initiative of the University Consortium for Geographic Information Science Published by the Association of American Geographers Washington, DC 91190_FMpages_R2.qxd 8/9/06 11:27 AM Page iv Published in 2006 by Association of American Geographers 1710 Sixteenth Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20009 www.aag.org Copyright © 2006 by the Association of American Geographers (AAG) and the University Consortium for Geographic Information Science (UCGIS) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be printed or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or any other information stor- age and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Cover design by Brandon Plewe ISBN-13: 978-0-89291-267-4 ISBN- 10: 0-89291-267-7 A C.I.P. Catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 91190_FMpages_R2.qxd 8/7/06 2:40 PM Page v Table of Contents Foreword. vii Douglas Richardson Introduction . 1 David DiBiase I. What is Geographic Information Science and Technology?. 5 The Domain of GIS&T. 5 II. Why is a GIS&T Body of Knowledge Needed?. 9 Workforce needs . 9 The GIS&T education infrastructure . 15 Applications of the GIS&T Body of Knowledge. 23 III. How Does the Body of Knowledge Relate to GIS&T Curriculum Planning Efforts? . 27 Longstanding concern about GIS&T education . 27 National-scale curriculum development efforts . 28 IV. How Was the Body of Knowledge Developed? . 33 Model Curricula vision. 33 Advancing the vision . 36 V. GIS&T Knowledge Areas . 39 Format of the GIS&T Body of Knowledge. 39 Knowledge Area: Analytical Methods (AM). 43 Knowledge Area: Conceptual Foundations (CF). 58 Knowledge Area: Cartography and Visualization (CV) . 69 Knowledge Area: Design Aspects (DA). 80 GIS&T Body of Knowledge v 91190_FMpages_R2.qxd 8/7/06 2:40 PM Page vi Knowledge Area: Data Modeling (DM) . 89 Knowledge Area: Data Manipulation (DN) . 97 Knowledge Area: Geocomputation (GC). 102 Knowledge Area: Geospatial Data (GD) . 112 Knowledge Area: GIS&T and Society (GS). 127 Knowledge Area: Organizational and Institutional Aspects (OI) . 135 VI. Where is the UCGIS Model Curricula project headed? . 145 Evolution of GIS&T . 145 Evolution of the GIS&T education infrastructure. 145 Future Model Curricula products and services . 147 References . 149 Acknowledgements . 157 Editors (2004-06). 157 Model Curricula Task Force (1998-2003) . 157 Body of Knowledge Advisory Board (2004-2006). 158 Index . 159 vi GIS&T Body of Knowledge 91190_FMpages_R2.qxd 8/7/06 2:40 PM Page vii Foreword GIS&T: Transforming Science and Society Former National Science Foundation (NSF) Director Rita Colwell, in her article “The New Landscape of Science: A Geographic Portal” (Colwell, 2004), pointed out that geography and its revolutionary new technologies are “well poised at this watershed juncture to help shape the new landscape of science.” This book marks an important step in that process. Geographic Information Science and Technologies (GIS&T) have today become critical components of the global cyberinfrastructure, both in the university and in society. The integrative capabilities of these and related technologies have extended research frontiers across many fields, in areas ranging from biocomplexity to epidemiology to transportation engi- neering. Technologies such as geographic information systems (GIS) also have increasingly become the common ground for sharing data across disciplines, or the “glue” which connects large-scale interdisci- plinary research, including much that is funded by NSF and other federal agencies. The Geographic Information Science & Technology Body of Knowledge will have application and impact far beyond geography. To the extent that many multidisciplinary research and application projects now depend on the integrative and analytical power of new geographic technologies, many disciplines with- in the academy are also finding it essential to incorporate spatial concepts and perspectives into their curricula and educational programs (NRC, 1997). The technical expertise and theoretical insights which have been developed over the recent decades within the Geographic Information Science & Technology infrastructure constitutes a Body of Knowledge increasingly necessary to advancing research agendas across the university campus in programs ranging from statistics to biology, from engineering to law, and from sociology to computer science. As Harvard President Lawrence Summers noted on May 5, 2006 at the launch of Harvard’s new Center for Geographic Analysis, “By embracing the new geography, I think Harvard is taking an important step today. This is an opportunity to explore vast intellectual territo- GIS&T Body of Knowledge vii 91190_FMpages_R2.qxd 8/7/06 2:40 PM Page viii ry…intellectual territory that can now be approached with new perspectives, new tools, and in newly important ways” (Richardson, 2006). The call for collaborative, cross-sectoral, and interdisciplinary research agendas encompasses a wide array of themes, such as dynamic modeling, change studies, environmental assessments and interven- tions, complexity studies, assessments of how technologies are impacting lives, evaluations of political processes, and many more. The revolutionary new geographic technologies developed over the past several decades create far-reaching opportunities for individual researchers and collaborative teams in the social sciences, the natural sciences, and the humanities. GIS and related technologies can help to catalyze new research, scholarship, and teaching within these fields, without diminishing traditional methods of research or threatening the richness and diversity of traditional approaches within individual disciplines. The GIS&T cyberinfrastructure also plays a central role in the larger society. A transformational feature on the GIS&T landscape, and a significant opportunity for our society, for example, will be the wide- spread continued development and implementation over the next several decades of real-time interac- tive Geographic Management Systems (GMSs) as core daily operations management networks within most governmental and business organizations (Richardson, 2001; Abler and Richardson, 2003). Currently evolving examples of GMSs range from simple applications, such as real-time management of vehicle fleets or delivery companies, to the continuous interactive management across space and time of the extensive fixed and mobile assets and workforces of highly complex operations, such as those of major electric utility companies, most modern military organizations, governmental emergency response agencies, national park agencies, automated transportation and logistics systems, and international dis- aster and humanitarian relief operations. GMSs’ dynamic space and time interactive core capabilities create a powerful platform for integrating many other technologies and applications, including wireless communications, environmental sensors, work-order processing, remote sensing and imagery, software agents, econometric modeling, and others. This book will be an important reference and guide for these existing and future GIS&T infrastructures in science, in society, and in education. Significant credit for the development of the GIS&T Body of Knowledge goes to Duane Marble, who both advocated for and pioneered the development of the Body of Knowledge throughout the 1990s. Without Duane Marble’s early efforts in this arena, this book would not exist. More recently, the work begun by Marble has been continued by many, including the UCGIS education committee, ably chaired by David DiBiase. This current work, the First Edition of the GIS&T Body of Knowledge is, as it must be, a work in progress. The AAG, as publisher, is committed to working with others to enhance, extend, refine, and continuous- ly update this work in future editions. Subsequent editions will seek to extend the work to curricular implementations, to encompass new and rapidly evolving technologies in the GIS&T fields, and to broad- en its focus as the science and technologies themselves become broader and more fully
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Geography 360 Principles of Cartography
    Geography 360 Principles of Cartography April 26, 2006 Typography Outlines 1. Principles of typography • Anatomy of letterform • Classifying type family • Typographic variables 2. Using type for map design • Choosing type family • Choosing typographic variables • Guidelines for type placement 1. Principles of typography • What constitutes letterform? – with focus on serif and shading • Classifying type family – based on common characteristics of letterform • Typographic variables – Type style, size, case, spacing, … Some design aspects of letterform •Serif: finishing strokes added to the end of the main strokes of the letter • Shading: main slant of letterforms Source: Dent Figure 14.1 •Serif vs. San Serif • Diagonal shading vs. horizontal shading Aspects of letterform • Serif vs. Sans Serif – Serif: lettering styles that contain such finishing strokes – Sans Serif: lettering styles that do not contain such finishing strokes • Diagonal Shading vs. horizontal/vertical Shading – Where is the position of the maximum stress in curved letters? – See Dent Figure 14.3 What is type family? • Type family: a group of type designs that reflect common design characteristics and share a common base name (Fig. 11.18) Palatino Helvetica Bookman Gill Sans Classifying type family Alexander Lawson, 1971, Printing types: An Introduction Classifying type family Class Appearance Distinct Other characteristics name Black Letter Hand Decorative Text lettering Oldstyle Lacking Diagonal Roman geometric shading Modern Geometric Vertical/horizo ntal shading Sans Precise, No serif Gothic serif clean-cut Typographic variables • Type family can be further differentiated by typographic variables such as • Type style: italic, normal, bold (Fig. 11.18 B) • Type size: 24 point (Fig. 11. 18D) • Type case: UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case, Sentence case (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Librarianship and the Philosophy of Information
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) Libraries at University of Nebraska-Lincoln July 2005 Librarianship and the Philosophy of Information Ken R. Herold Hamilton College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Herold, Ken R., "Librarianship and the Philosophy of Information" (2005). Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 27. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/27 Library Philosophy and Practice Vol. 3, No. 2 (Spring 2001) (www.uidaho.edu/~mbolin/lppv3n2.htm) ISSN 1522-0222 Librarianship and the Philosophy of Information Ken R. Herold Systems Manager Burke Library Hamilton College Clinton, NY 13323 “My purpose is to tell of bodies which have been transformed into shapes of a different kind.” Ovid, Metamorphoses Part I. Library Philosophy Provocation Information seems to be ubiquitous, diaphanous, a-categorical, discrete, a- dimensional, and knowing. · Ubiquitous. Information is ever-present and pervasive in our technology and beyond in our thinking about the world, appearing to be a generic ‘thing’ arising from all of our contacts with each other and our environment, whether thought of in terms of communication or cognition. For librarians information is a universal concept, at its greatest extent total in content and comprehensive in scope, even though we may not agree that all information is library information. · Diaphanous. Due to its virtuality, the manner in which information has the capacity to make an effect, information is freedom. In many aspects it exhibits a transparent quality, a window-like clarity as between source and patron in an ideal interface or a perfect exchange without bias.
    [Show full text]
  • Computer Information Science Associate in Applied Science Degree (AAS)
    Computer Information Science Associate in Applied Science Degree (AAS) At a Glance The Computer Information Science program is designed to prepare students to be successful or enhance their careers in select, high-demand, information technology fields. Special emphasis is placed on the knowledge and skills needed in the small business computer environment. In addition, this program provides a solid foundation for those considering transferring to a senior institution. Students should consult with an advisor or the faculty teaching in their discipline with regard to the suggested sequence for scheduling of courses. General Education & Elective Courses CREDITS CIS 146 Microcomputer Applications ...................................................................................3 ENG 101 English Composition I .............................................................................................3 MTH 100 Intermediate College Algebra ..................................................................................3 MTH 112 Precalculus Algebra .................................................................................................3 ORI 105 Orientation & Student Success ................................................................................3 SPH 106 Fundamentals of Oral Communication ....................................................................3 History, Social and Behavioral Science Elective .............................................................................3 Humanities and Fine Arts Elective ..................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Developing an Arabic Typography Course for Visual Communication Design
    Developing an Arabic Typography course for Visual Communication Design Students in the Middle East and North African Region A thesis submitted to the School of Visual Communication Design, College of Communication and Information of Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts by Basma Almusallam May, 2014 Thesis written by Basma Almusallam B.F.A, Kuwait University, 2008 M.F.A, Kent State University, 2014 Approved by ___________________________ Jillian Coorey, M.F.A., Advisor ___________________________ AnnMarie LeBlanc, M.F.A., Director, School of Visual Communication Design ___________________________ Stanley T. Wearden, Ph.D., Dean, College of Communication and Information Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………………...... iii LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………….. v PREFACE………………………………………………………………………………..... vi CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………. 1 The Current Issue………………………………………………….. 1 Core Objectives……………………………………………………. 3 II. THE HISTORY OF THE ARABIC WRITING SYSTEM, CALLIGRAPHY AND TYPOGRAPHY………………………………………....………….. 4 The Arabic Writing System……………………………………….. 4 Arabic Calligraphy………………………………………………… 5 The Undocumented Art of Arabic Calligraphy……………….…… 6 The Shift Towards Typography and the Digital Era………………. 7 The Pressing Issue of the Present………………………………….. 8 A NOTE ON THE PROCESS…………………………………………………………….. 10 Applying a Framework for Research Documentation…………….. 11 Mental Model……………………………………………………… 12 Proposed User Testing…………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Research Initiative 7 Visualization of the Quality of Spatial Information Closing Report
    National Center for Geographic NCGIA Information and Analysis ________________________________________________ Research Initiative 7 Visualization of the Quality of Spatial Information Closing Report By M. Kate Beard University of Maine - Orono Barbara P. Buttenfield State University of New York - Buffalo William A. Mackaness University of Maine - Orono May 1994 1 Closing Report—NCGIA Research Initiative 7: Visualization of the Quality of Spatial Information M. K. Beard, B. P. Buttenfield, and W. A. Mackaness Table Of Contents ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................4 OVERVIEW OF THE INITIATIVE ..........................................................................4 Scope of the Initiative.....................................................................................4 Objectives for the Initiative...........................................................................5 Organization and Preparation of the Initiative.........................................6 THE SPECIALIST MEETING.....................................................................................6 Data Quality Components..............................................................................7 Representational Issues..................................................................................7 Data Models and Data Quality Management Issues.................................7 Evaluation Paradigms.....................................................................................8
    [Show full text]
  • The Concept of Information in Library Science, Sociology and Cognitive Science
    The concept of information in Library Science, Sociology and Cognitive Science Jaime Ríos-Ortega * Paper submitted: Abstract January 30, 2013. Accepted: The term information has become and essential con- October 3, 2013. cept in the field of library science and associated dis- ciplines. The proper meaning of this term necessar- ily depends on epistemological context. Moreover, its intra-theoretical and polysemic potential has led the term to be used in multiples senses, ranging from the contexts of cognitive psychology to library science; however, the analysis offered herein underscores the need to define the term more precisely for use in li- brary science and associated fields, so that its meaning is neither degraded nor over-simplified when building useful explicative models. This paper also shows that the meaning of this term has tended to stabilize as re- * Institute of Library and Information Sciences of the UNAM. [email protected] INVESTIGACIÓN BIBLIOTECOLÓGICA, Vol. 28, No. 62, January/April, 2014, México, ISSN: 0187-358X. pp. 143-179 135 quired by theoretical models in which it is employed, 135-169 while as an isolated theoretical term it retains some de- pp. pp. gree of ambiguity. X, Keywords: Information; Library Science Theory; 0187-358 Information and Society. ISSN: ISSN: , México, México, , Resumen 2014 El concepto de información: dimensiones bibliote- cológica, sociológica y cognoscitiva , January/April, January/April, , 62 Jaime Ríos Ortega , No. 28 El término información se convirtió en un concepto Vol. , esencial para la bibliotecología y otras disciplinas af- ines. El significado adecuado de este vocablo depende necesariamente del contexto epistémico en que se uti- liza.
    [Show full text]
  • Designing Typefaces for Maps. a Protocol of Tests
    Designing typefaces for maps. A protocol of tests. Sébastien Biniek,a Guillaume Touya,a Gilles Rouffineau,b and Thomas Huot-Marchandc a Univ. Paris-Est, LASTIG COGIT, IGN, ENSG, F-94160 Saint-Mande, France b ÉSAD Grenoble Valence, 38 000, Grenoble, France c ANRT, ENSAD, 54013, Nancy, France. Abstract: The text management in map design is a topic generally linked to placement and composition issues. Whereas the type design issue is rarely addressed or at least only partially. Moreover the typefaces especially designed for maps are rare. This paper presents a protocol of tests to evaluate characters for digital topographic maps and fonts that were designed for the screen through the use of geographical information systems using this protocol. It was launched by the Atelier National de Recherche Typographique Research (ANRT, located in Nancy, France) and took place over his ‘post-master’ course in 2013. The purpose is to isolate different issues inherent to text in a topographic map: map background, nonlinear text placement and toponymic hierarchies. Further research is necessary to improve this kind of approach. Keywords: Typography, Fonts, Topographic maps cannot be said that cartography is used to exploit the 1. Introduction latest innovations in type design. Even some typographic The graphic and textual components of a map form a choices can be disappointing for type designers. For single image that is both seen and read but unlike map example, we would like to notice the recent change of objects, map texts doesn’t have pre-defined positions. On typeface that has been operated at Swisstopo (the Swiss the other hand, the text is always linked to a map object national mapping agency).
    [Show full text]
  • Using Cluster Analysis Methods for Multivariate Mapping of Traflc Accidents of the World and Also in Turkey
    Open Geosci. 2018; 10:772–781 Research Article Open Access Huseyin Zahit Selvi* and Burak Caglar Using cluster analysis methods for multivariate mapping of traflc accidents https://doi.org/10.1515/geo-2018-0060 of the world and also in Turkey. The increase in motor- Received January 25, 2018; accepted August 30, 2018 vehicle ownership is very high in Turkey with 1,272,589 new vehicles registered just in 2015 [1]. When data of Abstract: Many factors affect the occurrence of traffic ac- Turkey for the last 5 years are analysed, it is seen that cidents. The classification and mapping of the different there have been more than 1,000,000 traffic accidents, attributes of the resulting accident are important for the 145,000 of them ended up with death and injury, and prevention of accidents. Multivariate mapping is the vi- nearly 1,060,000 of them resulted in financial damage. sual exploration of multiple attributes using a map or data Due to these accidents 4000 people lose their life on av- reduction technique. More than one attribute can be vi- erage and nearly 250,000 people are injured. sually explored and symbolized using numerous statis- Many factors such as driving mistakes, the number tical classification systems or data reduction techniques. of vehicles, lack of infrastructure etc. influence the occur- In this sense, clustering analysis methods can be used rence of traffic accidents. Many studies were conducted to for multivariate mapping. This study aims to compare the determine the effects of various factors on traffic accidents. multivariate maps produced by the K-means method, K- In this context: Bil et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Typography Height
    THIS MONTH POInts OF VIEW a Serif Sans serif b Ascender Serif Typography Height Typography is the art and technique of arranging type. Like a Serif Descender person’s speaking style and skill, the quality of our treatment of Figure 1 | Typefaces. (a) The anatomy of letterform for serif (Garamond) letters on a page can influence how people respond to our mes- and sans serif (Univers) type both set at 58 point. (b) Four of the most sage. It is an essential act of encoding and interpretation, linking readily available fonts. what we say to what people see. Typography has been known to affect perception of credibility. line and paragraph settings (Fig. 2b). The relative scale of white In one study, identical job resumes printed using different type- space in Figure 2b makes the hierarchy of the content apparent. faces were sent out for review. Resumes with typefaces deemed Differentially aligning the paragraph text and bulleted list, when appropriate for a given industry resulted in applicants being con- allowed, differentiates the content. sidered more knowledgeable, mature, experienced, professional, To achieve meaningfully spaced text, use the ‘space before’ and believable and trustworthy than when less appropriate typefaces ‘space after’ settings instead of extra carriage returns. Find the were used1. In this case, picking the right typeface can help some- settings under Font menu > Paragraphs (PowerPoint) or Format one’s chances of landing a job. menu > Paragraphs (Word). The paragraph text in Figure 2b is set The term typeface is frequently conflated with font; Arial is a with 5 point space after it; the bulleted list has 3 point space after ‘typeface’ that may include roman, bold and italic ‘fonts’.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER 9 DATA DISPLAY and CARTOGRAPHY 9.1 Cartographic
    CHAPTER 9 DATA DISPLAY AND CARTOGRAPHY 9.1 Cartographic Representation 9.1.1 Spatial Features and Map Symbols 9.1.2 Use of Color 9.1.3 Data Classification 9.1.4 Generalization Box 9.1 Representations 9.2 Types of Quantitative Maps Box 9.2 Locating Dots on a Dot Map Box 9.3 Mapping Derived and Absolute Values 9.3 Typography 9.3.1 Type Variations 9.3.2 Selection of Type Variations 9.3.3 Placement of Text in the Map Body Box 9.4 Options for Dynamic Labeling 9.4 Map Design 9.4.1 Layout Box 9.5 Wizards for Adding Map Elements 9.4.2 Visual Hierarchy 9.5 Map Production Box 9.6 Working with Soft-Copy Maps Box 9.7 A Web Tool for Making Color Maps Key Concepts and Terms Review Questions Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Applications: Data Display and Cartography Task 1: Make a Choropleth Map Task 2: Use Graduated Symbols, Line Symbols, Highway Shield Symbols, and Text Symbols Task 3: Label Streams Challenge Task References 1 Common Map Elements zCommon map elements are the title, body, legend, north arrow, scale, acknowledgment, and neatline/map border. zOther elements include the graticule or grid, name of map projection, inset or location map, and data quality information. Figure 9.1 Common map elements. 2 Cartographic Representation zCartography is the making and study of maps in all their aspects. zCartographers classify maps into general reference or thematic, and qualitative or quantitative. Spatial Features and Map Symbols zTo display a spatial feature on a map, we use a map symbol to indicate the feature’s location and a visual variable, or visual variables, with the symbol to show the feature’s attribute data.
    [Show full text]
  • Cartographic Generalization of Digital Terrain Models
    INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You willa find good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawingor chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • Knowledge Organization at the Interface
    Gustavo Saldanha – Ibict - Unirio, Brazil Giulia Crippa – Bologna University, Italy Concept Theory and Conceit Theory Ontology and Logology Between Conceptuality and Non- Conceptuality in Knowledge Organization Abstract: Knowledge Organization (KO) has a historically established construction based on a concept theory according to the Aristotelian model. It is from the Organon that the primary theoretical basis of documentary-language thinking is established. One can identify the construction of conceptual thinking in classical approaches such as Ranganathan's classification theory. More directly, Dahlberg's theory of concept proves the demarcating point of view of the Aristotelian foundation in KO. However, even in such approaches as Ranganathan's, one can also identify another theoretical tradition in classification theory concerned with constructing a non- conceptual approach. It is from Emanuele Tesauro that we can conceive a non-conceptual theory, establishing a given conceit theory. This research aims to point out the dichotomies and correlations between a concept theory and a non-conceptual one in KO. The research method is theoretical, structured from the perspective of a historical epistemology with a pragmatic background. At first, the historical-theoretical place of concept theory in the KO is determined. Later, the foundation of a non-conceptual theory (or conceit theory) is identified. Furthermore, the relationship between theories in historical and contemporary development in the classification theory is discussed. From the Aristotelian categories, one can understand a method for the relationship between signifier, meaning, and referent, and establish the associations of meaning between terms. The non-conceptuality theory can be historically identified in Emanuele Tesauro. From his Categorical Index, published in the Cannocchiale aristotelico, the condition of concept (and no-concept) is the apex of a variety of chain of rhetorical being, and it points to the creation and progressive unfolding of language figures (conceit elements).
    [Show full text]