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Women and the Law in Colonial Maryland, 1648-1715 Monica C
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Dissertations (2009 -) Dissertations, Theses, and Professional Projects "Justice Without Partiality": Women and the Law in Colonial Maryland, 1648-1715 Monica C. Witkowski Marquette University Recommended Citation Witkowski, Monica C., ""Justice Without Partiality": Women and the Law in Colonial Maryland, 1648-1715" (2010). Dissertations (2009 -). Paper 27. http://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/27 “JUSTICE WITHOUT PARTIALITY”: WOMEN AND THE LAW IN COLONIAL MARYLAND, 1648-1715 by Monica C. Witkowski A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School, Marquette University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Milwaukee, Wisconsin May 2010 ABSTRACT “JUSTICE WITHOUT PARTIALITY”: WOMEN AND THE LAW IN COLONIAL MARYLAND, 1648-1715 Monica C. Witkowski Marquette University, 2010 What was the legal status of women in early colonial Maryland? This is the central question answered by this dissertation. Women, as exemplified through a series of case studies, understood the law and interacted with the nascent Maryland legal system. Each of the cases in the following chapters is slightly different. Each case examined in this dissertation illustrates how much independent legal agency women in the colony demonstrated. Throughout the seventeenth century, Maryland women appeared before the colony’s Provincial and county courts as witnesses, plaintiffs, defendants, and attorneys in criminal and civil trials. Women further entered their personal cattle marks, claimed land, and sued other colonists. This study asserts that they improved their social standing through these interactions with the courts. By exerting this much legal knowledge, they created an important place for themselves in Maryland society. Historians have begun to question the interpretation that Southern women were restricted to the home as housewives and mothers. -
Maryland Historical Magazine, 1997, Volume 92, Issue No. 2
i f of 5^1- 1-3^-7 Summer 1997 MARYLAND Historical Magazine TU THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY Founded 1844 Dennis A. Fiori, Director The Maryland Historical Magazine Robert I. Cottom, Editor Patricia Dockman Anderson, Associate Editor Donna B. Shear, Managing Editor Jeff Goldman, Photographer Angela Anthony, Robin Donaldson Coblentz, Christopher T.George, Jane Gushing Lange, and Robert W. Schoeberlein, Editorial Associates Regional Editors John B. Wiseman, Frostburg State University Jane G. Sween, Montgomery Gounty Historical Society Pegram Johnson III, Accoceek, Maryland Acting as an editorial board, the Publications Committee of the Maryland Historical Society oversees and supports the magazine staff. Members of the committee are: John W. Mitchell, Upper Marlboro; Trustee/Ghair Jean H. Baker, Goucher Gollege James H. Bready, Baltimore Sun Robert J. Brugger, The Johns Hopkins University Press Lois Green Garr, St. Mary's Gity Gommission Toby L. Ditz, The Johns Hopkins University Dennis A. Fiori, Maryland Historical Society, ex-officio David G. Fogle, University of Maryland Jack G. Goellner, Baltimore Averil Kadis, Enoch Pratt Free Library Roland G. McGonnell, Morgan State University Norvell E. Miller III, Baltimore Richard Striner, Washington Gollege John G. Van Osdell, Towson State University Alan R. Walden, WBAL, Baltimore Brian Weese, Bibelot, Inc., Pikesville Members Emeritus John Higham, The Johns Hopkins University Samuel Hopkins, Baltimore Gharles McG. Mathias, Ghevy Ghase The views and conclusions expressed in this magazine are those of the authors. The editors are responsible for the decision to make them public. ISSN 0025-4258 © 1997 by the Maryland Historical Society. Published as a benefit of membership in the Maryland Historical Society in March, June, September, and December. -
NOMINATION FORM Iiiiliiiii
Form No. 10-300 (Rev. 10-74) DATA SHEET UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY « NOMINATION FORM iiiiliiiii SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOWTO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS NAME HISTORIC Whfte Hall AND/OR COMMON White Hall LOCATION STREET & NUMBER 4130 Chatham Road —NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Ellicott City _X VICINITY OF Sixth STATE CODE COUNTY CODE Maryland 24 Howard 027 HCLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE —DISTRICT —PUBLIC ^.OCCUPIED _ AGRICULTURE —MUSEUM JfeuiLDiNG(S) ^PRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED —COMMERCIAL _PARK —STRUCTURE _BOTH —WORK IN PROGRESS —EDUCATIONAL X_PRIVATE RESIDENCE —SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE —ENTERTAINMENT —RELIGIOUS —OBJECT _IN PROCESS X_YES: RESTRICTED —GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED _YES: UNRESTRICTED —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION —NO —MILITARY —OTHER. OWNER OF PROPERTY NAME Mrs. Harriet Govane Ligon Hains Telephone: 4.6.5-4717 STREET & NUMBER4130 Chatham Road CITY. TOWN Ellicott City VICINITY OF COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDS.ETC. Howard County Courthouse STREET & NUMBER 8360 Court House Drive CITY, TOWN STATE Ellicott City, Maryland REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE DATE —FEDERAL —STATE —COUNTY LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS CITY. TOWN STATE DESCRIPTION CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE —EXCELLENT —DETERIORATED —UNALTERED X.ORIGINALSITE —RUINS X.ALTERED —MOVED DATE- —FAIR _UNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE White Hall is located on Chatham Road, 1.3 miles south of U.S. Route 40, about 2 miles west of Ellicott City, Howard County, Maryland. The house consists of three sections the east wing, dating from the early 19th century, the center section and the west wing. -
A History of Maryland's Electoral College Meetings 1789-2016
A History of Maryland’s Electoral College Meetings 1789-2016 A History of Maryland’s Electoral College Meetings 1789-2016 Published by: Maryland State Board of Elections Linda H. Lamone, Administrator Project Coordinator: Jared DeMarinis, Director Division of Candidacy and Campaign Finance Published: October 2016 Table of Contents Preface 5 The Electoral College – Introduction 7 Meeting of February 4, 1789 19 Meeting of December 5, 1792 22 Meeting of December 7, 1796 24 Meeting of December 3, 1800 27 Meeting of December 5, 1804 30 Meeting of December 7, 1808 31 Meeting of December 2, 1812 33 Meeting of December 4, 1816 35 Meeting of December 6, 1820 36 Meeting of December 1, 1824 39 Meeting of December 3, 1828 41 Meeting of December 5, 1832 43 Meeting of December 7, 1836 46 Meeting of December 2, 1840 49 Meeting of December 4, 1844 52 Meeting of December 6, 1848 53 Meeting of December 1, 1852 55 Meeting of December 3, 1856 57 Meeting of December 5, 1860 60 Meeting of December 7, 1864 62 Meeting of December 2, 1868 65 Meeting of December 4, 1872 66 Meeting of December 6, 1876 68 Meeting of December 1, 1880 70 Meeting of December 3, 1884 71 Page | 2 Meeting of January 14, 1889 74 Meeting of January 9, 1893 75 Meeting of January 11, 1897 77 Meeting of January 14, 1901 79 Meeting of January 9, 1905 80 Meeting of January 11, 1909 83 Meeting of January 13, 1913 85 Meeting of January 8, 1917 87 Meeting of January 10, 1921 88 Meeting of January 12, 1925 90 Meeting of January 2, 1929 91 Meeting of January 4, 1933 93 Meeting of December 14, 1936 -
Archmere Claymont, Delaware
rttn ooi ARCHMERE CLAYMONT, DELAWARE MCMXXI COPYRIGHT, 1921, BY JOHN JAKOB RASKOB PRINTED BY FRANKLIN PRINTING COMPANY PART I PAGE ., , , JOHN JAKOB RASKOB .. 3 ,, HELENASPRINGER[GREEN}RASKOB # '7 PART II THE RASKOB FAMILY ,, ,,,. ,,,. , , JAKOB RASKOB I5' , ,,,. , , JOHN RASICOB 17 PART III THE GREENE [AND GREEN} FAMILY THOMAS GREENE, SECOND GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND ., 2,3 FRANCIS GREENE 37 FRANCIS GREENE, JR. 40 BENJAMIN GREEN, IN REVOLUTIONARY ARMY ., 45 BENJAMIN GREEN, JR. ,,,. ., 49 WILLIAM P. GREEN " ., "" ' 53 THOMAS LILLY GREEN [HELENAMARRIED JOHN JAKOB RASKOB} 56 PART IV THE WHEELER FAMILY , ,, MAJOR JOHN WHEELER THOMAS WHEELER , ,,,. ,,,. ' BENJAMIN WHEELER [ELIZABETH MARRIED DAVID THOMAS} PARTV THE THOMAS FAMILY DAVID THOMAS [ELIZABETH MARRIED BENJAMIN GREI!N} 69 PART VI APPENDIX PAGE · VOYAGE AND SETTLEMENT OF MARYLAND J' 75 PASSENGER UST OF' "THE ARK" AND "THE DOVE"" 95 LETTER OF EDWARD HILL TO GOVERNOR GREENE ' 97 LETTER OF GOVERNOR GREENE [IN ANSWER) ,• , 100 LETTER FROM GOVERNOR GREENE TO GOVERNOR BERKELEY IOI COMMISSION OF THE COUNSELL , , ,- 103 PATENT TO THOMAS GREENE-TOWN LAND , , 106 INDENTURE-ENGAGING SERVANT BY THOMAS GREENE I<Y] TRUST DEED BY THOMAS GREENE ,,,- ,• , 108 ; , , WILL OF FRANCIS GREENE " 113 ESTATE OF FRANCIS GREENE, JR.-INVBNTORY ,, 117 ESTATE OP FRANCIS GREENE, JR.-ACCOUNT ,. , 121 WILL OF BENJAMIN GREEN , , , 122 WILL OF WILLIAM P. GREEN , , , 126 " \ "ARCID,IER.E"'-DESCRIPTION OP , , PACING PAGE , , , JOHN JAKOB RASKOB 3 DIPLOMA , , ., 6 • , HELENA SPRINGER GREEN RASKOB - 7 2100 BAYARD AVENUE, WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, 8 , "ARCHMERE" FROM THE EAST , - 128 , , , ., THE OLD HOUSE 130 , , THE OLD--P ASHIONED RCOM 132 , THE OLD STAIRWAY AND ENTRANCE HALL 134 , ,, "WOODSEDGE" 1 34 - • , "ARCHMERE" FROM THE WEST " 136 PATIO , , , , 136 FOUNTAIN IN THE PATIO 138 , , LOWER LOGGIA , 138 , DINING ROOM 140 , , , MUSIC ROOM 140 ,, ,, LIVING ROOM 142 , , , LIBRARY :r42 , , UPPER LOGGIA • 142 • ,,, , , , GARAGE 142 DRAWINGS BY HORACE T. -
Register of the Colonial Dames of Ny, 1893-1913
THE C OLONIAL DAMES OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK REGISTER O F THE COLONIAL DAMES OFHE T STATE OF NEW YORK 1893 - 1 913- * "> '■ 5 ORGANIZED A PRIL 29th, 1893 INCORPORATED APRIL 29th, 1893 PUBLISHED B Y THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS NEW Y ORK MCMXIII THEEW N YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY 646? 1 9 ASTOR, L ENOX AND TILOeN FOUNDATIONS R 1 9'5 L. Printedy b Frederick H. Hitchcock 105 West 40th Street New York CERTIFICATE O F INCORPORATION '"aiantaiwiokiTih ( -r-^iKsmtssaittlot'.Kl CERTIFICATE O F INCORPORATION HEOF T Colonial D ames of the State of New York We, t he undersigned women, citizens of the United States and of the State of New York, all being of full age, do hereby asso ciate and form ourselves into a Society by the name, style and title of : "The C olonial Dames of the State of New York," andn i order that the said Society shall be a body corporate and politic under and in pursuance of the Act of the Legislature of the State of New York (Chapter 267), passed May 12, 1875, en~ titled "An Act for the incorporation of societies or clubs for cer tain lawful purposes," and of the several Acts of the Legislature of said State amendatory thereof, we do hereby certify : First. — T hat the name or title by which the said Society shall be known in law, shall be "The Colonial Dames of the State of New York." Second. — T hat the particular business and objects of the said Society shall be patriotic, historical, literary, benevolent and so cial, and for the purposes of perpetuating the memory of those honored men whose sacrifices and labors, in -
St.John's College
CATALOGUE ~ -OF- St.John's College ANNAPOLIS, MARYLAND -FOR THE- Academic Year, 1915-1916 :::Prospecttts, 1916-1917::: -, ' 1~:.-L... '."'.'. -'::·· c""' ,_• ,~ PRESS OF T:Fllll ADVERTISER-:jtEPUBLICAN ANNAPOµS, MD. UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND. GENERAL STATEME~T. ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE has entered into an affiliation with the Schools of Law, Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy of the University of Maryland. The operation of these working relations is outlined as fol- lows: FIRST. Seniors in St. John's College must do the number of hours required work as specified in the schedule (page 35) for the Senior class. The remaining hours may be supplied by elective studies in the Law School of Maryland University as comprised in that school. Upon the satisfactory completion of this course the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science is conferred upon such students at the end of the year. The Professional Degree may be reached in two years more. Students so electing must continue their formal reg- istration in the college, though doing part of their work in the Law School. SECOND. Students who have completed the Junior year in St. John's College and who have made an approved choice of electives, may, if they desire it, do the entire work of the Senior year in the Medical School of the University. If they successfully complete the work of the first year in the Medical School they are graduated with their class with the degree of .A. B. or B. S. from St. John's College. By taking advantage of this privilege a man may complete the Undergraduate and Medical courses in seven years. -
H.Istory O.F A,Mer~C'a
NARRATIVE AND CRITICAL -., H.ISTORY O.F A,MER~C'A: <fnglt~lJ <f~plotatt.on~ A~D ~cttlement~ XortfJ :tmerica --- ----------------···------·---1...------------ .. NARRATIVE AND CRITICAL I-IISTORY OF AMERICA EDITED BY JUSTIN WINSOR LIBRARIAN OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY CORRESPOJiiDIKG SECB.ETARY MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL SOCJllTT VoJ.... I II BOSTON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY ·~be tliba~ibe ~re$$, €ambtibge Copyri'ght, 1881;, BY JAMES R. OSGOOD AND COMPANY All rights restrlled. Tlu Riv1!1'side Press, Cam!Jridge, frfass., U.S. A. Printed by H. 0. Houghton & Company. CONTENTS AND ILLUSTRATIONS. [The English arms on the title are copied from the Molimaux map, dated I6oo.] CHAPTER I. THE VoYAGES OF THE CABOTS. Charles .Deane • • • • • • • • • • I ILLUSTRATION: Sebastian Cabot, S· AJTOGRAPHS: Henry VII., r; Henry VIII., 4; Edward VI., 6; Queen Mary, 7· CRITICAL ESSAY 7 ILLUSTRATIONS: La Cosa map (ISOO),fac-simile,8; Ruysch's map (15o8), 9; Oron tius Fine's map (1531), 11; Stobnicza's map (r5r2), 13; Page of Peter Mar tyr in fac-simile, 15; Thorne's map (I 527 ), 17; Sebastian Cabot's map (I 544), 22; Lok's map ( 1582 ), 40; Hakluyt-Martyr map (1587 ), 42; Portuguese Por· tolano (1514-1520), s6. CHAPTER II. HAWKINS AND DRAKE. Edward E. Hale 59 lLLt:STRATIONS: John Hawkins, 6I; Zaltieri's map (I 566), 67; Furlano's map (IS74), 68. AuTOGRAPHS: John Hawkins, 6I; Francis Drake, 65. CRITICAL EssAY o~ DRAKE's BAv i4 ILLUSTRATIONS: :\lodern nup of California coast, 74; Viscaino's map (I6oz), 75i Dudley's map (I6-t6), 76,77; Jefferys' sketch-map (1753), 77· NorES ON THE SouRCES OF IKFOR\IATION. -
The Governor's Council of Maryland, 1634-1689
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1969 The Governor's Council of Maryland, 1634-1689 Eleanor Putnam College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Putnam, Eleanor, "The Governor's Council of Maryland, 1634-1689" (1969). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539624677. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-dn83-6e96 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE GOVERNOR*S COUNCIL OF MARYLAND «i 1634-1689 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts By Eleanor Putnam 1969 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts ______ Eleanor Putnam_____________ Author Approved, August 1969 Thad W. Tate, Ph.D. Bruce M. McCully, Ph.D. 453235 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The writer wishes to express her appreciation to Professor Thad Tate, under whose guidance this research was completed, for his suggestions, criticisms, and encouragement throughout the investigation* The author is also Indebted to Professor Jack p* Greene who suggested the topic of this thesis* ili TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . ( * .......... ill ABSTRACT Vi INTRODUCTION 2 BIOGRAPHIES OF THE COUNCILORS «*«***•»*«#»# 12 Barber, Luke ............... -
The Restoration of the Proprietary of Maryland and the Legislation Against the Roman Catho- Lics During the Governorship of Capt
/f^ ? ^^ AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION. MARYLAND^ AND THE THE RESTORATION OF THE PROPRIETARY OF DURING THE LEGISLATION AGAINST THE ROMAN CATHOLICS GOVERNORSHIP OF CAPT. JOHN HART (1714-1720). BY BERNARD C. STEINER, Ph. D., BALTIMORE, MD. LIBRARIAN, ENOCH PRATT FREE LIBRARY, Historical Association for 1899, ,Fro,n the Annnal Report of the American Vol. I, pages 231-307.) WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 19 0. FEB 3 D. of V VIIT.—THE RESTORATION OF THE PROPRIETARY OF MARYLAND AND THE LEGISLATION AGAINST THE ROMAN CATHO- LICS DURING THE GOVERNORSHIP OF CAPT. JOHN HART (1714-17211). By BERNARD C. STEINER, Ph. D., LIBRARIAN, ENOCH I'RATT FREE LIBRARY, BALTIMORE, MI) 229 THE RESTORATION OF THE PROPRIETARY OF MARYLAND AND THE LEGISLATION AGAINST THE ROMAN CATHOLICS DURING THE GOVERNORSHIP OF CAPT. JOHN HART (1 714-1720). Bv Bernard C. Steiner. Tli(^ Ch'own of England had goveniod the province of Mary- land for ovoY twenty years when B(Miediet Leonard Calvert, eldest son and heir of Chai'les, the third Lord Baltimore, '"publicly renoimccMl the Romish errors." Seizing- upon the fact of a Protestant revolution in jVIarylaiid. which followed hard upon the Protestant revolution in England, King Wil- liam had deprivc^d th(^ proprietary of his political rights over his palatinate. The change had undou))tedly been for the benefit of the province. It is true th(^ old religious freedom had been succeeded by the establishment of the Church of England; l)ut justice was probably better administered, edu- cation for the first time received attention, and the nepotism which was the inevitable consequence of regarding- the prov- ince as the proprietary's private property had passed away with the change of government. -
Maryland Historical Magazine, 1981, Volume 76, Issue No. 1
Historical Magazine Published Quarterly by The Museum and Library of Maryland History The Maryland Historical Society Spring 1981 THE MARYLAND HISTORICAL SOCIETY OFFICERS J. Fife Symington, Jr., Chairman* Robert G. Merrick, Sr., Honorary Chairman* Leonard C. Crewe, Jr., Vice Chairman* Frank H. Weller, Jr., President* J. Dorsey Brown, III, Vice President* Stuart S. Janney, III, Secretary* Mrs. Charles W. Cole, Jr., Vice President* John G. Evans, Treasurer* E. Phillips Hathaway, Vice President* J. Frederick Motz, Counsel* William C. Whitridge, Vice President* Samuel Hopkins, Past President* "The officers listed above constitute the Society's Executive Committee. BOARD OF TRUSTEES H. Furlong Baldwin Richard R. Kline Frederick Co. Mrs. Emory J. Barber St. Mary's Co. Mrs. Frederick W. Lafferty Gary Black, Jr. John S. Lalley James R. Herbert Boone (Honorary) Charles D. Lyon Washington Co. Thomas W. Burdette Calvert C. McCabe, Jr. Philip Carroll Howard Co. Robert G. Merrick, Jr. Mrs. James Frederick Colwill Michael Middleton Charles Co. Owen Daly, II J. Jefferson Miller, II Donald L. DeVries W. Griffin Morrel Emory Dobson Caroline Co. Richard P. Moran Montgomery Co. Deborah B. English Thomas S. Nichols Charles O. Fisher Carroll Co. Addison V. Pinkney Mrs. Jacob France (Honorary) J. Hurst Purnell, Jr. Kent Co. Louis L. Goldstein Calvert Co. George M. Radcliffe Anne L. Gormer Allegany Co. Adrian P. Reed Queen Anne's Co. Kingdon Gould, Jr. Howard Co. Richard C. Riggs, Jr. William Grant Garrett Co. David Rogers Wicomico Co. Benjamin H. Griswold, III Terry M. Rubenstein R. Patrick Hayman Somerset Co. John D. Schapiro Louis G. Hecht Jacques T. -
LEGACY Spring 2012, Page 2
THE LEGACY NEWSLETTER OF THE HOWARD COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY Spring 2012, Volume 49, Number 1 The War Between the Methodists ver wonder why a small town like Laurel Maryland would Ehave two historic Methodist churches dating back to the mid 19th century? The answer is simple. Seventeen years before the War Between the States there was the War Between the Methodists. The first “shots” in this war were fired in 1844 at the Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church in Lex- ington, Kentucky. But unlike the Civil War, with its numerous causes for division, the only dividing issue between the Meth- odists was slavery. When the Methodist Episcopal Church was founded in the United States in 1784, the denomination officially opposed slavery. In the early 19th century the MEC weakened its stance, though clergy were still expected not to own slaves. Conflict arose in 1840 when the Rev. James Andrews of Oxford, Geor- Left: the “northern” Centenary M.e. ChurCh in LaureL, gia, a bishop, inherited a slave from a parishioner. Fearing that that repLaCed the first stone ChurCh, was buiLt in 1884. she would end up with an inhumane owner if sold, Andrews right: the originaL southern Methodist ChurCh was kept her but let her come and go. The 1840 Church General buiLt in 1866, a year after the end of the CiviL war. Conference considered but did not expel him. Four years later, Andrews married a woman who owned a slave inherited from accepting a “gift of stone and a grant of land” from the Laurel her mother, making the bishop the owner of two slaves.