HELP: a Handbook for Kentucky Grandparents and Other Relative
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Grandparents' Visitation Rights Legalizing the Ties That Bind
Grandparents' Visitation Rights Legalizing the Ties That Bind Ross A. Thompson University of Nebraska Barbara R. Tinsley University of Illinois Mario J. Scalora University of Nebraska Ross D. Parke University of Illinois ABSTRACT: In recent years, statutes granting grand- Recent changes in the legal status of grandparents parents legal standing to petition for legally enforcable exemplify some of these complex considerations in visitation with their grandchildren--even over parental changing family policy, and the contributions that can be objections--have been passed in all 50 states. This psy- made by social scientists. During the last l0 to 15 years, cholegal review critically examines the origins of and jus- legislators in all 50 states have passed laws giving grand- tifications for this important change in family law, some parents the right to petition the court for legally enforced of the psychological assumptions underlying this policy visitation privileges with their grandchildren. Moreover, (e.g., the role of grandparents in chiM development), prob- in 1983 the House of Representatives recommended that lems in judicial determinations of whether visitation is in the National Commission on Uniform State Laws develop a child's best interests, and both intended and unintended a uniform statute ensuring grandparents' visitation rights. consequences for family functioning arising from this pol- This is a significant change from common-law tradition, icy. In the end, although efforts to ensure multigenerational in which grandparents had almost no rights with respect supports for children are admirable in the abstract, there to their grandchildren except with the consent of the are some significant risks in using legal policies for child's parents. -
Grandparental Visitation: Its Evolution in New York State
\\server05\productn\C\CAP\2-2\CAP203.txt unknown Seq: 1 27-AUG-04 10:57 GRANDPARENTAL VISITATION: ITS EVOLUTION IN NEW YORK STATE Elliot Scheinberg* Dedicated in Loving Honor and Memory of Angela Susan Scheinberg INTRODUCTION The subject matter discussed herein was inspired by a case that involved the parents of a mother killed in the World Trade Center at- tacks, on September 11, 2001.1 Her surviving spouse denied the mother’s parents any access to their eight-year-old grandson notwith- standing the child’s extensive history with the maternal grandparents, including, but not limited to, spending entire summers in the grandpar- ents’ home in Europe, and receiving daily care and nurturing from them immediately following the radical Islamic terrorist attack. Mr. and Mrs. Gavrusinas, the grandparents, filed a petition, pro se, in Family Court seeking visitation with their grandchild. On the return date of the motion, despite governing law to the contrary, Family Court summarily dismissed their petition without a hearing. The Court stated that it could not compel visitation over the surviving parent’s objection because of the obvious “friction” between the grandparents and the sur- viving parent.2 The father was permitted to unleash an unfettered litany of allegations against the grandparents, but the Family Court impermis- sibly muzzled the grandparents. The Court stated that the grandpar- ents’ “opinion did not count” and refused to allow the grandparents to utter even a syllable, whether legal (in support of their case of automatic * Elliot Scheinberg has an office in New York City where he exclusively practices matrimo- nial law. -
Placement of Children with Relatives
STATE STATUTES Current Through January 2018 WHAT’S INSIDE Placement of Children With Giving preference to relatives for out-of-home Relatives placements When a child is removed from the home and placed Approving relative in out-of-home care, relatives are the preferred placements resource because this placement type maintains the child’s connections with his or her family. In fact, in Placement of siblings order for states to receive federal payments for foster care and adoption assistance, federal law under title Adoption by relatives IV-E of the Social Security Act requires that they Summaries of state laws “consider giving preference to an adult relative over a nonrelated caregiver when determining a placement for a child, provided that the relative caregiver meets all relevant state child protection standards.”1 Title To find statute information for a IV-E further requires all states2 operating a title particular state, IV-E program to exercise due diligence to identify go to and provide notice to all grandparents, all parents of a sibling of the child, where such parent has legal https://www.childwelfare. gov/topics/systemwide/ custody of the sibling, and other adult relatives of the laws-policies/state/. child (including any other adult relatives suggested by the parents) that (1) the child has been or is being removed from the custody of his or her parents, (2) the options the relative has to participate in the care and placement of the child, and (3) the requirements to become a foster parent to the child.3 1 42 U.S.C. -
Chapter 1071. CHILD and FAMILY SERVICES and CHILD PROTECTION ACT CHAPTER 1071 CHILD and FAMILY SERVICES and CHILD PROTECTION
MRS Title 22, Chapter 1071. CHILD AND FAMILY SERVICES AND CHILD PROTECTION ACT CHAPTER 1071 CHILD AND FAMILY SERVICES AND CHILD PROTECTION ACT SUBCHAPTER 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS §4001. Title This chapter may be cited as the "Child and Family Services and Child Protection Act." [PL 1979, c. 733, §18 (NEW).] SECTION HISTORY PL 1979, c. 733, §18 (NEW). §4002. Definitions As used in this chapter, unless the context indicates otherwise, the following terms have the following meanings. [PL 1979, c. 733, §18 (NEW).] 1. Abuse or neglect. "Abuse or neglect" means a threat to a child's health or welfare by physical, mental or emotional injury or impairment, sexual abuse or exploitation including under Title 17‑A, sections 282, 852, 853 and 855, deprivation of essential needs or lack of protection from these or failure to ensure compliance with school attendance requirements under Title 20‑A, section 3272, subsection 2, paragraph B or section 5051‑A, subsection 1, paragraph C, by a person responsible for the child. [PL 2015, c. 360, §2 (AMD).] 1-A. Abandonment. "Abandonment" means any conduct on the part of the parent showing an intent to forego parental duties or relinquish parental claims. The intent may be evidenced by: A. Failure, for a period of at least 6 months, to communicate meaningfully with the child; [PL 1995, c. 481, §1 (AMD).] B. Failure, for a period of at least 6 months, to maintain regular visitation with the child; [PL 1995, c. 481, §1 (AMD).] C. Failure to participate in any plan or program designed to reunite the parent with the child; [PL 1983, c. -
Safety and Stability for Foster Children: a Developmental Perspective
Children, Families, and Foster Care Safety and Stability for Foster Children: A Developmental Perspective Brenda Jones Harden SUMMARY Children in foster care face a challenging jour- ders, compromised brain functioning, inade- ney through childhood. In addition to the quate social skills, and mental health difficul- troubling family circumstances that bring them ties. into state care, they face additional difficulties ◗ Providing stable and nurturing families can within the child welfare system that may further bolster the resilience of children in care and compromise their healthy development. This ameliorate negative impacts on their develop- article discusses the importance of safety and mental outcomes. stability to healthy child development and reviews the research on the risks associated with mal- The author concludes that developmentally- treatment and the foster care experience. It finds: sensitive child welfare policies and practices designed to promote the well-being of the ◗ Family stability is best viewed as a process of whole child, such as ongoing screening and caregiving practices that, when present, can assessment and coordinated systems of care, are greatly facilitate healthy child development. needed to facilitate the healthy development of ◗ Children in foster care, as a result of exposure children in foster care. to risk factors such as poverty, maltreatment, and the foster care experience, face multiple Brenda Jones Harden, Ph.D., is an associate professor at the Institute for Child Study in the Department of threats to their healthy development, includ- Human Development at the University of Maryland, ing poor physical health, attachment disor- College Park. www.futureofchildren.org 31 Jones Harden rotecting and nurturing the young is a uni- care due to their exposure to maltreatment, family versal goal across human cultures. -
Grandparent Visitation
Cooperative Extension Service Grandparent Visitation Visitation A family law attorney can tell you whether the grandparent visitation Most grandparents visit with their grandchildren when- law in the state where your grand- ever they want to. They plan fun activities for the chil- child lives has been upheld or dren. They send cards and emails. They take the kids made invalid by the courts. on trips. They may even spoil the grand children a little bit. Many provide day care. Others help raise their Arkansas Law grandchildren. All this helps keep families strong. To Whom Does the Law Sadly, some grandparents don’t ever see their grandchildren because the children’s parents or legal Apply? guardians won’t let them. This happens for many rea- • Any grandparent or great- sons. There might be bad feelings between the grand- grandparent of a child born children’s parents and grandparents. The children’s during a marriage; or parents could be divorced. Or maybe one parent has • The maternal grandparent (mother’s parent) of died. The parent who has custody may want to break child born outside marriage; or ties with the grandparents. • The paternal grandparent (father’s parent) of a child born outside marriage, if a court has ordered that State Laws he is the father. Are you having problems seeing your grandchild? The When Does the Law Apply? first thing you need to do is learn about the visitation law in the state where your grandchild lives. No state • When the marriage between the parents of the child law is going to automatically give you the right to visit has ended by death, divorce or legal separation. -
Teens in Foster Care and Their Babies
Teens in Foster Care and Their Babies 2013 If you are a pregnant or parenting teenager in foster care, you may have some questions or concerns. Being a teen parent can be stressful, and the added demands of the foster care system might leave you feeling confused or concerned for your baby’s future. This brochure answers some common questions and explains what your rights are as a pregnant or parenting teen in foster care. Family Planning Teens in foster care have the same right as other teens to obtain advice on birth control, family planning, and pregnancy tests without the consent of anyone else. To get these services, contact Family Planning (800) 942-1054 or Planned Parenthood (800) 576-5544. HIV Testing If you are 12 or older, you can get tested for HIV/AIDS without anyone else’s permission and without giving permission for others to be told. However, if you tell a DCFS social worker that you are HIV+ or have AIDS, the social worker must tell others. What If I Become Pregnant While I’m a Court Dependent? The decision regarding how to handle your pregnancy is yours. You may choose to keep the baby, put the baby up for adoption or have an abortion. Nobody can take this choice away from you – not your parents, relatives, foster parents, your boyfriend and his family, the judge, or your social worker. -1- Who can I talk to If I Need Help Making A Decision About My Pregnancy? If you need information on your choices, your DCFS social worker must give you referrals for family planning counseling. -
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Related to the Definitions, Roles, and Responsibilities of Parents, Persons Acting As the Parent of a Child, and Surrogate Parents
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Related to the Definitions, Roles, and Responsibilities of Parents, Persons Acting as the Parent of a Child, and Surrogate Parents Over the years, the Department of Public Instruction (DPI) and the Department of Children and Families (DCF) have frequently received questions relating to the definitions of “parent,” “person acting as the parent of a child,” and “surrogate parent.” Those definitions are of particular importance when it comes to children under the guardianship of DCF and children with disabilities. A workgroup1 was developed by the two Departments to attempt to respond to those questions which have been most frequently asked. This is not an exhaustive document and it should be noted that both Departments encourage school districts, county departments of social/human services, and tribal child welfare agencies to consult with their agency attorneys. This document does not constitute legal advice from either DCF or DPI. Definition of “Parent” Under the Children’s Code and the Juvenile Justice Code (Wisconsin Statutes): “Parent” means a biological parent, a husband who has consented to the artificial insemination of his wife under s. 891.40, or a parent by adoption. If the child is a non-marital child who is not adopted or whose parents do not subsequently intermarry under s. 767.803, “parent” includes a person acknowledged under s. 767.805 or a substantially similar law of another state or adjudicated to be the biological father. “Parent” does not include any person whose parental rights have been terminated. For purposes of the application of s. 48.028 and the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 USC 1901 to 1963, “parent” means a biological parent, an Indian husband who has consented to the artificial insemination of his wife under s. -
Child Custody, Visitation & Termination of Parental Rights
CHILD CUSTODY, VISITATION & TERMINATION OF PARENTAL RIGHTS EDITED BY ANNA BURKE, ZACHARY HUGHBANKS, THERESE KILBANE MYERS, CAROLINE NEVILLE, AND HARRY SAMUELS I. INTRODUCTION .......................................... 202 II. CHILD CUSTODY AND VISITATION ............................ 203 A. A BRIEF HISTORY OF CHILD CUSTODY AND VISITATION RIGHTS . 203 1. Sex-Based Presumption .......................... 205 2. Best Interest Analysis ............................ 207 B. CUSTODY AND VISITATION AWARDS ....................... 211 1. Custody . ..................................... 211 2. Visitation ..................................... 213 3. Modi®cation of Awards . ......................... 215 C. COURT TREATMENT OF GAY, LESBIAN, BISEXUAL & TRANSGENDER BIOLOGICAL PARENTS ................................. 216 1. Custody Determinations .......................... 217 a. Per se approach. ........................... 217 b. Nexus approach............................. 218 2. Visitation Determinations ......................... 219 3. Custody and Visitation Restrictions and Modi®cations . 220 D. THIRD PARTY VISITATION AND CUSTODY . 222 1. Child Custody and Marginalized Groups . 224 E. DETERMINING LEGAL PARENTAGE FOR CHILD CUSTODY AND VISITATION OF LGBTQ COUPLES POST-OBERGEFELL . 225 1. Obergefell v. Hodges ............................ 226 2. Pavan v. Smith ................................. 226 3. Determining Legal Parentage for Child Custody/Visitation and Child Support of LGBT Couples Post-Obergefell. 227 4. Custody and Visitation for Unmarried LGBTQ -
Grandparent Visitation Can Be Complicated Issue for Families
page 2 Family Law Pre-marriage business becomes marital property summer 2019 page 3 Case shows ‘do-it-yourself’ prenups are dangerous option Judge can enforce marriage pact despite religious element page 4 New tax implications to consider in divorce Grandparent visitation can be The Historic John Price Carr House 200 North McDowell Street Charlotte, North Carolina 28204 complicated issue for families (704) 370-2828 www.CharlotteDivorceLawyerBlog.com f you’re a grandparent who dotes on your grandchildren, it would no doubt be devastating if you were denied access to them. Nonetheless, this gut-wrenching scenario plays out all the time. The Historic John Price Carr House • 200 North McDowell Street • Charlotte, North Carolina 28204 (704) 370-2828 • www.CharlotteDivorceLawyerBlog.com IFor example, let’s say your adult child passes away, leaving kids behind, and his or her surviving spouse decides it’s time to move on and stops responding to your attempts to see the kids. Similarly, maybe your child got divorced, his or her ex has the kids, and that person won’t let you see them. Perhaps your adult son or daughter decides to use your grandchildren as pawns, either with- holding access to them unless you give them money or as retaliation after a falling out. In such scenarios, do you have a legal right to see your grandchildren? ©monkeybusiness The answer is that you might, but it could be an uphill battle childrearing decisions, even if that means denying their kids a rela- securing it. That’s because of a U.S. Supreme Court case calledTroxel tionship with their grandparents. -
GRANDPARENT VISITATION 1 to Get the First Court Order
GRANDPARENT VISITATION 1 To Get the First Court Order (Forms and Instructions) © Superior Court of Arizona in Maricopa County ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DRGV1 – 5046 – 041420 LAW LIBRARY RESOURCE CENTER PETITION AND PAPERS FOR GRANDPARENT VISITATION CHECKLIST You may use the forms and instructions in this packet if . You are natural or adoptive grandparents or great grandparent of the minor child or children, AND You want to get a court order allowing you visitation with the minor child(ren), AND The minor children have resided in Arizona at least 6 months before you file the petition or a lawyer advised you that there was some other basis that permits you to pursue the case in Arizona at this time, OR There is a Maricopa County Superior Court order for legal decision-making or parenting time involving the minor children, OR The minor child(ren) live in Maricopa County, AND At least one of the following is true: • The parents of minor child(ren) have been divorced for at least 3 months, OR • One parent has been dead or missing for at least 3 months, OR • The minor children were born out of wedlock and the parents of the minor children are not currently married to each other, OR READ ME: Consulting a lawyer before filing documents with the court may help prevent unexpected results. A list of lawyers you may hire to advise you on handling your own case or to perform specific tasks, as well as a list of court-approved mediators can be found on the Law Library Resource Center website. -
Adoption & Foster Care Application
GOVERNMENT OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Child and Family Services Agency Family Licensing Division Adoption & Foster Care Application I am interested in: (Please check one) Foster Care Adoption Kinship Care Applicant (Parent 1) _______________________________________________________________________________________ Last First MI DOB Male/Female Spouse or Partner (Parent 2) ________________________________________________________________________________________ Last First MI DOB Male/Female Address ________________________________________________________________________________________ Street Apt # City/State Zip ________________________________________ Email address:__________________________ Home Phone ________________________________________ ____________________________________ (Parent 1) Work Phone (Parent 2) Work Phone 1. How long have you lived at this address: ______________________________________ 2. Do you live within a 25-mile radius of Washington DC? Yes No 3. Do you reside in Section-8 Housing: Yes No or Transitional Housing Yes No Personal Information Parent 1 Parent 2 3. Place of Birth ____________________________ ____________________________ 4. Social Security ____________________________ ____________________________ 5. Religion ____________________________ ____________________________ 6. Highest Grade Completed ____________________________ ____________________________ 7. Race/Ethnic Origin ____________________________ ____________________________ 8. Number of Bedrooms ____________________________ 9. Insurance (check all that