EN ZU CH M RS N O U F T Z E D N N U D E N R L E W M E M L T A S Z Z ool en ogisch S Münch e Staatssammlung M Zeitschrift für Zoologie SPIXIANA • Band 39 • Heft 1 • 1-144 • ISSN 0341-8391 ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ZOOLOGIE published by the BAVARIAN STATE COLLECTION OF ZOOLOGY (ZOOLOGISCHE STAATSSAMMLUNG MÜNCHEN) SPIXIANA publishes original contributions to zoology, preferably to the fields of taxonomy, morphology, phylogeny, and zoogeography. One volume with two issues is published each year. Monographs can be published as SPIXIANA Supplement. 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ISSN 0341-8391 Printed in the European Union Publication dates of SPIXIANA, volume 38: issue 1: September 9, 2015; issue 2: December 17, 2015 Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Wolfratshauser Straße 27, 81379 München, Germany Tel. + 49 (0) 89 742827-0 – Fax + 49 (0) 89 7242772 – E-Mail: [email protected] – www.pfeil-verlag.de SPIXIANA 39 1 99-104 München, September 2016 ISSN 0341-8391 Occurrence of the antlion tribe Acanthaclisini in the Balkan Peninsula (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae) Vesna Klokocovnik, Jan Podlesnik & Dušan Devetak Klokocovnik, V., Podlesnik, J. & Devetak, D. 2016. Occurrence of the antlion tribe Acanthaclisini in the Balkan Peninsula (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae). Spixiana 39 (1): 99-104. An overview of known distribution and new findings of two antlion species, Synclisis baetica (Rambur, 1842) and Acanthaclisis occitanica (Villers, 1789), are pro- vided in the Balkan Peninsula. New findings represent the first record of Acan- thaclisini tribe in Albania. Vesna Klokocovnik (corresponding author), Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; e-mail: [email protected] Jan Podlesnik & Dušan Devetak, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sci- ences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Introduction tooth (Aspöck et al. 1980, 2001, Stange 2004, Kri- vokhatsky 2011). Larvae are able to move backwards The Balkan Peninsula supports a large number of or forwards and prefer sand dune habitats with pres- different habitats and represents one of the richest ence of bushes and small trees (Steffan 1975). Genus faunas in Europe. This also applies to the Neuroptera Synclisis Navás, 1919 comprises three Palaearctic fauna (Popov 2007, Popov & Letardi 2010) which species. Larvae move very fast on substrate surface was in some parts of the Peninsula insufficiently and prefer open sand dune areas with low vegetal investigated up to now (Aspöck et al. 1980, 2001). cover (Steffan 1975, Aspöck et al. 1980, 2001, Stange In this paper we provide an overview of the known 2004, Krivokhatsky 2011, Badano & Pantaleoni 2014). distribution of two Acanthaclisini species, namely The first description of the larva of S. baetica dates Synclisis baetica (Rambur, 1842) and Acanthaclisis back to the late 19th century when Redtenbacher occitanica (Villers, 1789) with new findings in the (1884) provided key morphological characters for the Balkan Peninsula. Some information on the biology species. Larval morphology was recently figured by and ecology of both species is added. Gepp (2010) and Badano & Pantaleoni (2014). Biology In Europe the Acanthaclisini tribe is represented of the species is described in detail by Principi (1947). with only two, above-mentioned species. Larvae Description of the larva of Acanthaclisis occitanica and adults of most of the species of the tribe are (Fig. 3) provided Brauer (1855) and later Hagen (1859, large and the body of adults is covered with long 1873), Redtenbacher (1884), Steffan (1975) and Gepp soft hairs. The larvae are non-pit-builders, moving (2010). Steffan (1975) studied biology of the species forward. Only larvae in Vella and Phanoclisis move in detail. Stange & Miller (1985) provided systematic backwards (Aspöck et al. 2001, Stange 2004, Badano review of the tribe Acanthaclisini larvae. Overview & Pantaleoni 2014). with a detailed description of the morphology, biol- Genus Acanthaclisis Rambur, 1842 is distributed ogy and distribution of both species has been made in Palaearctic, and comprises seven species. Larvae in recent papers by Monserrat & Acevedo (2013) and have distinctive mandibles, with longest middle Badano & Pantaleoni (2014). Larval morphology of 99 Fig. 1. The known distribution of S. baetica and A. occitanica in the Balkan Peninsula. Distribution data were obtained from literature. New records reported here are marked with an asterisk. S. baetica was in the past extensively studied and this Results antlion species is probably the best known among European non-pit-builders regarding its biology Distribution of the two antlion species (e. g. Principi 1947, Steffan 1975, Gepp 2010, Badano in the Balkan Peninsula & Pantaleoni 2014). In the Balkan Peninsula both species are known Distribution of both species is shown in Figure 1. for only a few countries. In Bulgaria A. occitanica was reported by Dimitrova (1924), Dimitrowa (1925), Popov (1977, 1993, 1996) and Kacírek (2013), and Synclisis baetica (Rambur, 1842) S. baetica by Dimitrova (1924), Dimitrowa (1925), Buresch (1936), Drenski (1942) and Popov (1996). Literature records Kis (1959, 1972), Mândru (1967) and Kis et al. (1970) Bulgaria: reported on the occurrence of both species in Roma- Dimitrova (1924) and Dimitrowa (1925): Sofia Pro- nia. The species were reported for Greece by Steffan vince: Sofia. (1975), Willmann (1977) and Navás (1923). S. baetica is Buresch (1936), Drenski (1942), Popov (1977): Pro- also known for Croatia (Tröger 1988, Devetak 1998). vince Varna: Sv. Konstantin; Province Bur- Steffan (1975) also reported on the presence of S. bae- gas: Arkutino. tica in former Yugoslavia but with no exact location. Popov (1996): Dobrich Province: Shabla; Dobrudzha. Croatia: Material and methods Tröger (1988): Istra County: Rovinj. Antlion larvae were collected with a spoon from sands Romania: in natural habitats and transported in small plastic Kis (1959): Constanta County: Techirghiol. containers. The larvae were then reared in laboratory. Mândru (1967): Constanta County: Mangalia. Antlions were kept in plastic cups containing sand from Kis et al. (1970): Tulcea County: Letea, Sulina, Ca- natural habitat and were fed with Lasius fuliginosus raorman; Constanta County: Agigea, Mangalia, (Latreille) ants. Photos of larvae were made under a Constanta, Histria, Techirghiol (Dobrogea). stereoscopic zoom microscope (Nikon SMZ 800) with a mounted digital camera (Nikon DS-Fi2) and processed Greece: with NIS-Elements software version 4.00. We followed Navás (1923): Central Macedonia Region: Thessa- the zoogeographical categorization of neuropteran fau- loniki (“Salonique”). na of the Balkan Peninsula proposed by Popov and Steffan (1975): Crete. Letardi (2010). The map of the Balkan Peninsula was Willmann (1977): Thira. made with ArcGIS 9.3 computer software program. The Aspöck et al. (1980, 2001): Central Greece Region north-western boundary of the Peninsula was made in and Peloponnese Region. accordance with Popov (1992). Specimens were preser- ved in ethanol and deposited in the third author’s collection. 100 Fig. 2. Habitat of species S. baetica and A. occitanica in Divjakë, Albania. Material examined Popov (1996): Varna Province: Zlatni pyasatsi District, Zlatni pyasatsi; Haskovo Province: Albania: Fier County: Divjakë: Parku Kombëtar Mandrica near Ivajlovgrad. Divjakë Karavasta, sand dunes, 40°58.668' N 19° Kacírek (2013): Dobrich Province: Albena; Burgas 28.682' E, 1.VII.2014, 20 larvae, V. Klokocovnik, Province: Sozopol, Arkutino. T. Klenovšek, J. Podlesnik, F. Janžekovic and D. Devetak leg. Romania: Remark: First record for Albania. Kis (1959): Tulcea County: Letea, Constanta Coun- ty: Agigea. Croatia: Ilovik Island, 44°26'52.0" N 14°33'30.0" E, Mândru (1967): Constanta County: Mangalia, Co- VIII.2012, 1 larva, B. Mencinger Vracko leg. – Dal- marova, Hagieni. matia: River Neretva, Mala Neretva: Blace, 43°00' Kis et al. (1970): Tulcea County: