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All Wood and Hybrid All-Wood and Hybrid Panelized Roof Systems

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All Wood and Hybrid All-Wood and Hybrid Panelized Roof Systems Presentation Overview . Definition of Panelized Roof System . Historical Background . How to construct a panelized roof . Defining System Elements All-wood and Hybrid . How to Design a Panelized Roof Panelized Roof Systems . Preliminary layout and sizing . DiiDesigning fltlldfor lateral loads A Value Added Approach . Frequently Asked Questions . Structural FAQ Lisa Podesto, PE WoodWorks for Non-residential Construction . Fire protection FAQ . Construction FAQ Presentation Overview What is a Panelized Roof? . Definition of Panelized Roof System Pre-fabricated roof . Historical Background sections lifted into place . How to construct a panelized roof Safety, cost, speed . Defining System Elements . How to Design a Panelized Roof . Preliminary layout and sizing . DiiDesigning fltlldfor lateral loads . Frequently Asked Questions . Structural FAQ TtTwo common types . Fire protection FAQ . All wood . Construction FAQ . Hybrid When are Panelized Roofs used? When are Panelized Roofs used? Most commonly with tilt-up concrete or masonry walls Designed by Structural Design Group Typical for large, low slope, roof structures When are Panelized Roofs used? Panelized Roof History Lesson Open web Improved "F" Hanger Wood I-joist steel Installation girders Designed by Kramer and Lawson 24’ 30’ 35’ 44’ 50’ 60’ 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 •Cantilevered Open web Warehouse beams Oriented wood Docking •2½2 ½” glulam Strand trusses Bays purlins Board How is a Panelized Roof Constructed? How is a Panelized Roof Constructed? 1 Column erection 4 Panels are assembled on the 2 Girders placement ground (8’ width x __ length) •Single purlin •Sub-purlins or stiffeners spaced @ 24”oc 3 Purlin installation •Plywood or OSB How is a Panelized Roof Constructed? How is a Panelized Roof Constructed? 5 Pre-framed panel 7 Pre-framed panel secured construction •Purlin to girder •Sub-purlins to purlin •Final panel nailing 6 Pre-framed panel placement 8 Process repeated Defining Panelized System Elements Defining Panelized System Elements Pre-framed Panel Pre-framed Panel Purlin 2 ½” Glulam, I-joist, Open-web truss Open-web steel joist Wood Structural Stiffeners attached with joist hangers Panel Sheathing Purlin Purlin Subpurlin / Stiffner Defining Panelized System Elements Defining Panelized System Elements Pre-framed Panel Pre-framed Panel APA Sheathing Jumbo panel APA Sheathing SbSub purlin / Stiffener 4x8, 4x10, or 8x8 jumbo panels 3x6/2x6 lumber OSB or plywood Sub purlin / Spaced at 24” oc Stiffener Defining Panelized System Elements Presentation Overview . Definition of Panelized Roof System . Historical Background . Defining System Elements Pre-framed . How to construct a panelized roof panel . How to Design a Panelized Roof . Preliminary layout and sizing . DiiDesigning f or ltlldlateral loads Girder . Frequently Asked Questions Girder . Structural FAQ Simple span glulam (or Cantilevered Glulam) . Fire protection FAQ Open-web steel joist . Construction FAQ Pre-framed panel spans between girder lines Terminology: Purlins Terminology: Hybrid . All Wood Panelized Roof . Hybrid Panelized Roof . Sub-purlins and purlins are wood . Purlins and girders are steel elements . Sub-purlins are often wood . Girders are solid or engineered wood . Decking is always wood . Decking is always wood structural panel structural panel . Glulam Purlin . K-Series** . Short span . Ex: 20K5 or 20K240/128 . LH-Series** . Long span . Ex: 32LH10 or 32LH310/160 . G-Series** . Girders . Open Web Wood Truss Purlin . I-Joist Purlin **Steel Joist Institute Specifications Where to start: Preliminary Design Methodology Where to start: Preliminary Design Methodology Assumptions: Assumptions: •DL= 12-18 lb •DL=15 lb •LL= 20 lb •SL= 40 lb (reducible) span span Purlin Purlin All Wood – Typical Purlin All Wood – Typical Purlin Most Economical Maximum Most Economical Maximum Type Span DthDepth Span DthDepth Type Span DthDepth Span DthDepth I-joist 30’-35’ 20”-24” 38’ 30” I-joist 22’ 28” 25’ 30” Bar Open -web 30’-40’ 40” 55’ 60” Bar Open-web 30’ 50” 36’ 50” Wood Open-web Up to 55’ 44”-48” 65’ 66” Wood Open-web 32’ 40” 37’ 50” Span dictates column/grid spacing. Span dictates column/grid spacing. Where to start: Preliminary Design Methodology Where to start: Preliminary Design Methodology Assumptions: Assumptions: •DL= 12-18 lb •DL=12 -18 lb •LL= 20 lb •SL= 40 lb (reducible) span span Purlin Purlin Hybrid– Typical Purlin Hybrid– Typical Purlin Economical Type Span [ft] Resources Economical Depp[]th [in] Type Span [ft] Resources Depth [in] Span[ft]/2 + 6 K-series Less than 48’ Min= Span/2 “Proper Selection, Specification and seismic K-series Less than 48’ Span/2+12 “Proper Selection, Specification and seismic Details of Open-Web Steel Joist Framing for Details of Open-Web Steel Joist Framing for Span[ft]/2 + 6 Roof in California” by Darrell Marchell LH-series More than 48’ Span/2+12 Roof in California” by Darrell Marchell LH-series More than 48’ Min=Span/2 Where to start: Preliminary Design Methodology Where to start: Preliminary Design Methodology Assumptions: Assumptions: •DL=12 -18 lb •DL= 12-18 lb •LL= 20 lb •SL= 40 lb span (reducible) span Rule of Thumb: Rule of Thumb: Glulam’s Max depth ~ 10 x width Glulam’s Max depth ~ 10 x width All Wood – Typical Girder All Wood – Typical Girder Most Economical Maximum Most Economical Maximum DthDepth DthDepth DthDepth DthDepth Type Span Span Type Span Span 8 ¾” 6 ¾” 5 1/8” 8 ¾” 6 ¾” 5 1/8” 8 ¾” 6 ¾” 5 1/8” 8 ¾” 6 ¾” Glulam (24F) 30’-40’ 20-24” 24-30” 30-36” 50’ 42” 48” - Glulam (24F) 32’ 28.5” 33” 39” 39’ 45” 45” HSC (32F) 35’-45’ 18-24” 22-28” 28-36” 50’ 36” 42” 48” HSC (32F) 40’ 33” 39” 45” 50’ 51” 57” Where to start: Preliminary Design Methodology Where to start: Preliminary Design Methodology Assumptions: •DL= 12-18 lb •LL= 20 lb span (reducible) Y Diaphragm Girder X Hybrid– Typical Girder Overall Building Size Type Span [ft] Economical resources Depth [in] System Max Ratio X:Y G-series Up to 120’ Span[ft] + 8 “Proper Selection, Specification and seismic All Wood 4:1 Details of Open-Web Steel Joist Framing for Typical=32’-60’ 72” max Roof in California” by Darrell Marchell Hybrid 4:1 CBC 2305.2.3 - When ratio exceeds 4:1, internal bracing is required. How to design for lateral loads How to design for lateral loads Braced Frames Diaphragm Design Interior shear resistance Calculation Methods that reduce building costs should be provided High Load Diaphragm Table when: Sub-diappghragm Desi gn Diaphragm ratio exceeds 4:1 Collective Chord Design Exterior wall can not Diaphragm Deflection handle loading How to design for lateral loads How to design for lateral loads High Load Diaphragm Design Normal Diaphragm Design New Table 2306 .3 .2 in 2007 CBC/2006 IBC Connections required for Based on APA full scale testing each line of sub-purlins APA report 138 ES 1952 now incorporated in code Lateral 3x normal diaphragm shear values Load up to1800 plf (seismic), 2520 plf (wind) = 1800 40% increase for wind loads connections All edges are blocked 8’-10’ panel width with purlins at each end Utilizes multiple rows of nails How to design for lateral loads How to design for lateral loads Sub-Diaphragm Design Normal Diaphragm Design TilldtTypical load trans fer Lateral Lateral Load Load Connections required for = 102 each line o f pur lins connections Aspect ratio 2.5:1 max. How to design for lateral loads How to design for lateral loads Traditional Chord Design Collective Chord Design Lateral Load Lateral Load Works well on small and moderate More economical on large buildings size buildings Realistic way to model chord action How to design for lateral loads How to design for lateral loads Traditional Chord vs. Collective Chord Multiple Nailing Zones Based on 8’ oc tie spacing 3 X Y Traditional Collective 62kips6.2 kips 120’ 160’ 19 kips X max 1 2 4 21 4.5 kips 400’ 400’ 40 kips max 9.0 kips 750’ 1100’ 211 kips max Y Economizes on material and time Less nails Results of Example done by Kramer and Lawson Less nailing time How to design for lateral loads How to design for lateral loads Diaphragm Deflection Calculations Calculation Methods Resources/Examples Two Equations to choose from HihLHigh Loa dDid Diap hragm -CBC table 2306. 3. 2 & 2006 IBC – traditional equation -Diaphragms and Shear Walls 2005 AF&PA NDS – simplified equation **suggested you Design/Construction Guide -APA form L350A use this equa tion ** Sub-Diaphragm -Diaphragms and Shear Walls Collective Chord Modification Design/Construction Guide -APA form L350A -Lateral Load Connections for Low-Slope Reduces diaphragm deflection calculations RfDihRoof Diaphragms – APA Form No. Z350A Complicates equation for moment of inertia Collective Chord -“Thinking Outside the Box: New approaches See John Lawson’s paper for resulting equation to very large flexible diaphragm” by John Multiple nailing zones Lawson More accurate deflections when taken into account Diaphragm Deflection -“Thinking Outside the Box: New approaches to very large flexible diaphragm” by John Using virtual work method, equation is derived for you in Lawson John Lawson’s paper Presentation Overview Frequently Asked Questions: Structural 1. Is wind uplift an issue? . Definition of Panelized Roof System 2. Are snow loads an issue? . Historical Background 3. Are expansion joints needed? . Defining System Elements 4. Are there resources for detailing . How to construct a panelized roof connections? . How to Design a Panelized Roof . Preliminary layout and sizing . DiiDesigning fltlldfor lateral loads . Frequently Asked Questions . Structural FAQ . Fire protection FAQ . Construction FAQ Frequently Asked Questions: Structural Terminology 1. Is wind uplift an issue? No . Factoryy()p Mutual (FM) provides: The attachment of the wood roof deck to the framing is highly . Property insurance for commercial and industrial buildings resistant to fatigue failure. Engineering-driven underwriting . Risk management solutions Panelized Roof Assemblies have been tested to meet . Property loss prevention research Underwriters Laboratories (()UL) and Factory Mutual ( FM) .
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