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Colonial Par K Way COLONIAL PAR K WAY Jamestown Williamsburg Yorktown Colonial National Historical Park VIRGINIA Colonial Parkway A TRIPLE MEMORIAL OF HISTORY IS HERE MADE ACCESSIBLE BY A SCENIC AND HISTORICALLY RICH PARKWAY N THE Virginia Peninsula 3 famous chosen not only to give access to the many places—Jamestown, Williamsburg, historic spots, but also to take advantage of O and Yorktown — form a triangle the natural beauty of this tidewater country­ only 10 miles at the base. Here, between side. A broad right-of-way of woodlands the James and York Rivers, is compressed a and shoreline assures the preservation of the great deal of early American history. The scene. founding of the first permanent English set­ The parkway starts at the Visitor Center on tlement in 1607 at Jamestown, Va.; the Jamestown Island and ends at the Yorktown establishment there of the first representative Visitor Center—passing near the door of the form of government in the New World; the Williamsburg Information Center. These are flowering of colonial culture and growth of the best points of departure for seeing the in­ revolutionary sentiment at Williamsburg; dividual areas. and the winning of American independence The parkway route is outward from at Yorktown are important milestones in our Jamestown Island over a sandbar to Glass­ INTERPRETIVE MARKERS ALONG COLONIAL PARKWAY Nation's history. house Point. An isthmus, which later washed 1. This Is Jamestown Island 11. College Creek 21. Ringfield Plantation Each place has a thrilling story of its own. away, existed there in colonial times. It was, 2. The Isthmus 12. Attempted Settlement 22. Nathaniel Bacon 3. Glasshouse Point (1570) 23. Bellfield Plantation Yet, they are connected stories, for things for the colonists, the way to the west and 4. Neck-of-Land Near "James Citty" 13. Kingsmill 24. Cheatham Annex that happened at Jamestown led directly to the hinterland. In the vicinity of the Glass­ COLONIAL PARKWAY 5. Real Estate (1636) 14. Halfway Creek 25. Indian Field Creek Williamsburg, and events in Williamsburg house, and Virginia's Festival Park, Colonial 6. Glebe Land 15. Great Neck (1637) 26. Powhatan's Village 7. Jamestown Island (from the Mainland) 16. Mill Dam 27. York River in part led to the story unfolded at Yorktown. Parkway takes a great bend to cross Powhatan VIRGINIA 8. Archer's Hope 17. The Palisades (1633) 28. Naval Mine Depot Because of their closeness geographically, Creek and then courses eastward along Back 9. James River 18. Great Oaks 29. French Trench and because of Colonial Parkway, it is easy River and the Thoroughfare which separate SCALE IN MILES 10. The Coming of the Colonists 19. Williamsburg 30. Fusilier's Redoubt (an orientation map) 20. Jones Mill Pond 31. Yorktown Battlefield and convenient to follow these pages of Jamestown Island from the mainland. The history in sequence through the very places parkway follows the James River for 3 APRIL 1958 COL-PKY-7000 of the history-making, from our colonial miles—then, at College Creek, turns inland beginnings at Jamestown (1607) to our through the woods until Williamsburg is tion Center. Headed for Yorktown the park­ Colonial Parkway so that you may drive to Fort," built close on the shore of the James Jamestown, there are many reminders of its Nation's independence at Yorktown. reached. way takes you past the Cheatham Annex and the side and pause in safety. At each such River, grew "James Citty." For 92 years first century. Today, the island in its en­ There the parkway passes under the re­ (1607-99) this was the capital city of Vir­ tirety is a national memorial jointly pre­ Colonial Parkway U. S. Naval Mine Depot, whose piers can point, informational signs tell of the history stored city by means of a tunnel—a device be seen jutting into a blue-watered harbor. and the legend of the countryside, or ex­ ginia. For 13 of those years it constituted served by the National Park Service and the The motorway you drive today, for the to reduce the number of automobiles on the This is the York River, which is less river plain its natural features. Another parkway the lone English toehold along the Atlantic Association for the Preservation of Virginia most part, does not trace the paths of old colonial streets. Just beyond the tunnel is than estuary or arm of the Chesapeake Bay. facility of interest to many is the large and seaboard. The concept of representative gov­ Antiquities. colonial routes. The present route was the entrance to the Williamsburg Informa- The parkway follows the riverbanks for 6 scenic Ringfield Picnic Area where free rest ernment, one of our proudest institutions, The first point to visit at Jamestown is the miles—terminating in the battlefield on the facilities, drinking water, and picnic tables are first took root here at Jamestown in 1619 on modern Visitor Center building just across cliffs above Yorktown where "port facilities provided. Picnicking is also permitted at Fes­ transplant from the mother country. the footbridge from the parking area. There The National Park System, of which Colonial National Historical Park is a unit, and good harbor" attracted Cornwallis in tival State Park Picnic Area near Jamestown. After the turn of the 18th century, "James you will find information and guidance is dedicated to conserving the scenic, scientific, and historic heritage of the United 1781. Jamestown was established May 13, 1607, Citty" slowly disappeared as the center of which will orient you and help you get the States for the benefit and inspiration of its people. Parking turnouts or overlooks have been as the first permanent English settlement in life, for the colony moved inland. Even most meaning from your visit. Exhibits in provided at various points of interest along the New World. Out of stockaded "James though there is no longer a living town at this building trace the story of Jamestown— its life and times. Many objects, once used exhibits. During 1958 a single ticket cov­ special activities and accommodations. Most Yorktown is a going village today, and by the settlers, have been unearthed from the ers admission to Jamestown and to Festival important is a fine introductory film, "The there are eating and lodging facilities. Jamestown ruins and are on display. State Park. Story of a Patriot." Free buses operate These are principally in the town and north From the center a walking tour extends Williamsburg was one of the important between the Information Center and the and south along U. S. 17, which extends over the town site along the old streets and breeding grounds for ideas that led to restored area. Of particular interest in through the town and across the York River COLONIAL paths to the Church, the statehouse sites, and American independence. As the successor to Williamsburg, too, are Bruton Parish Church on the George P. Coleman Memorial Bridge. and the College of William and Mary, the ruins of early houses, taverns, and shops. Jamestown, for 80 influential years (1700— About Your Visit Paintings, markers, and recorded messages 1780) this town was the capital of the Vir­ founded in 1693. along the way help you imagine the life in ginia Colony and a leading cultural and politi­ Yorktown throughout the 1700's was a There are no service stations along the the colony. A motor road loops the wild- cal center. Here George Washington, Pat­ port town, busy with colonial exports and Colonial Parkway and the speed limit is 45 wood section of the island, and the 40- rick Henry, George Wythe, Thomas Jefferson, imports. In 1781 this town, built over and miles per hour. There are no charges, or PAR KWAY minute drive around this road completes the George Mason, and other patriots debated the under the York River cliffs, became the final fees, except in the case of commercial vehi­ Jamestown visit. Glasshouse Point, scene of course of America's future. battleground of the American Revolution. cles, and the roadway is normally open at all the Jamestown glassworks of 1608 and its In 1926, John D. Rockefeller, Jr., became Here Cornwallis and his British Army sur­ times. National Park rangers patrol the faithfully restored counterpart, lies on the interested in 18th-century Williamsburg and, rendered to George Washington's Allied road for your safety. They welcome oppor­ tip of the mainland across the isthmus and in the years since, has made possible the American and French Armies. Here our tunities to inform you or otherwise help to the left as you leave Jamestown Island restoration that exists today. The purpose of Nation's independence was assured. toward enjoyment of your visit. Questions proper. Colonial Williamsburg is to re-create accu­ The events of the siege and the story of can be answered, too, at the Jamestown and There are no eating or lodging facilities rately the environment of the men and the Town of York are set forth in special Yorktown Visitor Centers. The former is at at Jamestown; however, you may lunch at the women of 18th-century Williamsburg—that exhibits in the Yorktown Visitor Center the western and the latter at the eastern end Mermaid Tavern in Festival State Park ad­ "the future might learn from the past." building at the eastern end of Colonial Park­ of the parkway. jacent to Glasshouse Point. The state park, way. On display are military tents used by Exhibits include the Capitol, Governors' Mission 66 created for the 350th Jamestown anniversary, Palace, Raleigh Tavern, Public Gaol, Maga­ Washington during the campaign; part of a Jamestown also features an off-site reproduction of zine, several craft shops, and many handsome reconstructed British frigate with objects re­ Mission 66 is a program designed to be "James Fort"; the reconstructed ships, Susan gardens.
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