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Final Report New Roads for Resilience Reconnaissance

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Final Report New Roads for Resilience Reconnaissance NEW ROADS FOR RESILIENCE Reconnaissance report from Uganda Authors: Hilary Galiwango Enock Kajubi September 2016 “New Roads for Resilience: Connecting Roads, Water and Livelihoods” Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................. 2 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 LIST OF ABRREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................................................ 3 1 Introduction and objectives ................................................................................................................................ 4 1.1 Project Background ........................................................................................................................................ 4 2 Identifying pilot roads ........................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Methodology .................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2.1 Preparing district polygon shapefiles ............................................................................................ 6 2.2.2 Mapping the required roads ............................................................................................................. 6 2.2.3 Re-projection of data to a uniform PCS ....................................................................................... 6 2.2.4 Generation of the attribute data...................................................................................................... 6 2.2.5 Merging individual shapefiles ........................................................................................................... 7 2.2.6 Selecting pilot roads ............................................................................................................................. 7 2.3 Results ................................................................................................................................................................. 8 3 Developing a georeferenced inventory of pilot roads ........................................................................... 11 3.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................ 11 3.2 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................. 11 3.3 Findings from field visits ........................................................................................................................... 11 3.3.1 The existing situation of roads in the project area ................................................................ 12 3.3.2 Effects of water on the roads ......................................................................................................... 12 4 Results from field findings ................................................................................................................................ 15 5 Situation analysis .................................................................................................................................................. 19 5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................ 19 5.2 Uganda National Roads Authority (UNRA) ........................................................................................ 20 6 Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................... 21 6.1 Recommendations ...................................................................................................................................... 21 “New Roads for Resilience: Connecting Roads, Water and Livelihoods” 7 Appendix ................................................................................................................................................................. 22 7.1 Organisational Structure of MoWT ....................................................................................................... 22 7.2 Organisation chart for Directorate of Road Maintenance ........................................................... 23 8 References .............................................................................................................................................................. 24 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 Showing the selected road length along the pilot roads ....................................... 8 Table 3-1 Summary of findings from the field data collection .............................................. 16 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1 Gully formed due erosion along Tororo-Jinja Road in Busere village in Tororo District. (Threat of road collapsing) ........................................................................................... 13 Figure 3-2 Siltation at Okurut Bridge located on the Road to Nakapiripirit District .......... 14 Figure 3-3a, b and c: Naturally occurring water harvesting system ..................................... 15 Figure 4-4 Mapped roads with starting and ending points of analysed sections .............. 18 Figure 7-1 Organisation structure of Ministry of Works and Transport .............................. 22 Figure 7-2 Organisation chart for Directorate of Road Maintenance (Source: Eng. Ssonko George, Station Engineer Mbale) ............................................................................................... 23 “New Roads for Resilience: Connecting Roads, Water and Livelihoods” LIST OF ABRREVIATIONS B Busia District FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation GEP Google Earth Pro GPS Global Positioning System IFAD International Fund for Agriculture Development JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency M Mbale District MMR MetaMeta Research MoWT Ministry of Works and Transport PCS Projected Coordinate System QGIS Quantum Geographical Information System T Tororo District ToR Terms of Reference UBOS Uganda Bureau of Statistics UNMA Uganda National Meteorological Authority UNRA Uganda National Roads Authority WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984 “New Roads for Resilience: Connecting Roads, Water and Livelihoods” 1 Introduction and objectives As part of the project “New Roads for Resilience: Connecting roads, water and livelihoods” funded by the Global Resilience partnership, the Roads for Water consortium aims to transform roads in Sub-Saharan African, including Uganda, into instruments for water harvesting to contribute towards improved water supply, better soil moisture, reduced erosion along roads and respite from harmful damage. This study aims at developing a first case to be used for the development of the initiative in Uganda. The goal of this study is to explore the possibilities for the development of the road water harvesting initiative to improve livelihoods in Uganda. The specific objectives of this study are: 1. Identify pilot roads to be analysed in the districts of Busia, Tororo and Mbale 2. Carry out a quick, georeferenced inventory of roads characteristics and problematics related to water, water drainage 3. Carry out a situation analysis of the road sector in the region and in the country 1.1 Project Background Roads have a major impact on the landscapes immediately surrounding them – determining the movement of water, sediment, dust and others. Roads have an important impact on rain run-off. De facto roads often act either as an embankment or as a drain/conveyance systems and thus bring major changes to the natural hydrology. These modifications now often have negative impacts: roads cause local floods and water logging along the way, whereas the more concentrated discharge from drains and culverts cause erosion and sedimentation. These negative impacts are related to the prevailing practice in road engineering to evacuate water away from the roads as soon as possible rather than making use of the water for beneficial purposes. All this undermines the resilience of roadside communities, who lose crops or property or suffer health effects from road dust. This negative however can be turned into a positive and roads can be systematically used as instruments for water harvesting. It can generate substantial positive impacts: more secure water supply, better soil moisture, reduced erosion and respite from harmful damage. It leads to better returns to land and labour and a higher ability of people, households and communities to deal with and thrive in the face of shocks and stresses. “New Roads for Resilience: Connecting Roads, Water and Livelihoods” With the investment in roads in many countries exceeding that of any other programme (in Ethiopia it is for instance 30% of the national budget), this is a large opportunity to improve the productive environment and increase the resilience of the population near the road. Currently
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