Birds & Natural History 2010
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Fruits and the Ecology of Resplendent Quetzals
FRUITS AND THE ECOLOGY OF RESPLENDENT QUETZALS NATHANIEL T. WHEELWRIGHT 1 Departmentof Zoology,University of Washington,Seattle, Washington 98195 USA ABsTR^CT.--ResplendentQuetzals (Pharomachrus rnocinno) are typicallytermed "special- ized" fruit-eatingbirds, althoughthere are few data describingthe breadthof their diet or the characteristicsof the fruits they select.In fact, there is no generalconsensus about the meaning or consequencesof being a fruit specialist. In the lower montane forests at Monteverde,Costa Rica, quetzalsfeed on a minimum of 12-18 speciesof fruits at most timesof the year and on an annualtotal of at least41 species.Although their diet includes the watery,small-seeded berries of many second-growthplants, they depend mostly on the largedrupes of about18 speciesin the laurelfamily (Lauraceae).The phenologiesand habitat distributionsof the Lauraceaeappear to dictatethe timing and directionof seasonalmove- mentsby quetzals.Mutual dependenceand, possibly,general coevolution between quetzals and the lauraceoustrees whose seeds they disperseare suggestedby the birds' morphology, distribution, behavior, and life history. Nestling quetzalsare broughtentire fruits as early as the secondday after hatching. Thereafter,they consumegradually increasing amounts of fruit, but, even immediately beforethey fledge,most of their diet consistsof insects,snails, and lizards.Brooding drops off rapidly by the time chicksare 9 days old. Considerablevariation in broodingduration, parentalsex roles, and nestlingdiet existsbetween nests, however, and apparentlybetween dutches. Adults take far less time to deliver fruits to nestlingsthan to deliver insectsor lizards, which reflectsthe relativeease of "capturing"ripe fruits (asopposed to animal prey) during the breeding season.The male parent delivered significantlymore insectsand food items in generalthan did the female at a first-dutchnest but not at a second-clutchnest. -
NOTES on the BIRDS of CHIRIKOF ISLAND, ALASKA Jack J
NOTES ON THE BIRDS OF CHIRIKOF ISLAND, ALASKA JACK J. WITHROW, University of Alaska Museum, 907 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775; [email protected] ABSTRACT: Isolated in the western Gulf of Alaska 61 km from nearest land and 74 km southwest of the Kodiak archipelago, Chirikof Island has never seen a focused investigation of its avifauna. Annotated status and abundance for 89 species recorded during eight visits 2008–2014 presented here include eastern range extensions for three Beringian subspecies of the Pacific Wren (Troglodytes pacificus semidiensis), Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia sanaka), and Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch (Leucost- icte tephrocotis griseonucha). A paucity of breeding bird species is thought to be a result of the long history of the presence of introduced cattle and introduced foxes (Vulpes lagopus), both of which persist to this day. Unique among sizable islands in southwestern Alaska, Chirikof Island (55° 50′ N 155° 37′ W) has escaped focused investigations of its avifauna, owing to its geographic isolation, lack of an all-weather anchorage, and absence of major seabird colonies. In contrast, nearly every other sizable island or group of islands in this region has been visited by biologists, and they or their data have added to the published literature on birds: the Aleutian Is- lands (Gibson and Byrd 2007), the Kodiak archipelago (Friedmann 1935), the Shumagin Islands (Bailey 1978), the Semidi Islands (Hatch and Hatch 1983a), the Sandman Reefs (Bailey and Faust 1980), and other, smaller islands off the Alaska Peninsula (Murie 1959, Bailey and Faust 1981, 1984). With the exception of most of the Kodiak archipelago these islands form part of the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge (AMNWR), and many of these publications are focused largely on seabirds. -
The Habitat Preference of the Endemic Pygmy Nightjar Nyctipolus Hirundinaceus (Caprimulgidae) of Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, 22(2), 210-214 ARTICLE June 2014 The habitat preference of the endemic Pygmy Nightjar Nyctipolus hirundinaceus (Caprimulgidae) of Brazil Johan Ingels1,5, Juan Mazar Barnett2, Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos3 and Hilery Desmond Jackson4 1 Galgenberglaan 9, BE-9070 Destelbergen, Belgium. 2 Deceased. 3 Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Museu de Ciências Naturais, Avenida Dom José Gaspar, 290, Prédio 41, Coração Eucarístico, CEP 30535-610, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 4 2-6 Beer Court, Kearneys Spring, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia. 5 Corresponding author: [email protected] Received on 10 August 2013. Accepted on 25 December 2013. ABSTRACT: We discuss the choice of habitats for roosting and breeding by the Pygmy Nightjar (Nyctipolus hirundinaceus), a Brazilian endemic from the eastern part of the country. We observed that the choice of nesting and roosting sites of this nightjar is closely connected to open gravelly and stony areas (lajeiros) in the Caatinga and to rocky outcrops (pedras) in the Atlantic Forest, which allows us to conclude that the Pygmy Nightjar is a rupicolous nightjar, preferring rocky substrates for roosting and breeding. KEYWORDS: Caprimulgidae, habitat choice, nesting sites, rocky substrate, roosting sites. INTRODUCTION Cleere 1999). The upperparts of the nominate form hirundinaceus are described as light grayish brown, The Pygmy Nightjar (Nyctipolus hirundinaceus) is one while cearae has a somewhat paler and vielliardi a darker of the smallest Neotropical nightjars (16-20 cm, Cleere plumage (Ribon 1995, Cleere 1998, Holyoak 2001). 1998; 16.5-19 cm, Holyoak 2001), endemic to eastern These differences in general plumage color of the three Brazil, where it is found east of approximately 46°W subspecies are well illustrated by photos in Cleere (2010, (Cleere 1998, Holyoak 2001). -
Terrestrial Ecology Enhancement
PROTECTING NESTING BIRDS BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR VEGETATION AND CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS Version 3.0 May 2017 1 CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION 3 2.0 BIRDS IN PORTLAND 4 3.0 NESTING BEHAVIOR OF PORTLAND BIRDS 4 3.1 Timing 4 3.2 Nesting Habitats 5 4.0 GENERAL GUIDELINES 9 4.1 What if Work Must Occur During Avoidance Periods? 10 4.2 Who Conducts a Nesting Bird Survey? 10 5.0 SPECIFIC GUIDELINES 10 5.1 Stream Enhancement Construction Projects 10 5.2 Invasive Species Management 10 - Blackberry - Clematis - Garlic Mustard - Hawthorne - Holly and Laurel - Ivy: Ground Ivy - Ivy: Tree Ivy - Knapweed, Tansy and Thistle - Knotweed - Purple Loosestrife - Reed Canarygrass - Yellow Flag Iris 5.3 Other Vegetation Management 14 - Live Tree Removal (Native and Non-Native) - Snag Removal - Shrub Removal (Native and Non-Native) - Grassland Mowing and Ground Cover Removal (Native and Non-Native) - Controlled Burn 5.4 Other Management Activities 16 - Removing Structures - Manipulating Water Levels 6.0 SENSITIVE AREAS 17 7.0 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS 17 7.1 Species 17 7.2 Other Things to Keep in Mind 19 Best Management Practices: Avoiding Impacts on Nesting Birds Version 3.0 –May 2017 2 8.0 WHAT IF YOU FIND AN ACTIVE NEST ON A PROJECT SITE 19 DURING PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION? 9.0 WHAT IF YOU FIND A BABY BIRD OUT OF ITS NEST? 19 10.0 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AVOIDING 20 IMPACTS ON NESTING BIRDS DURING CONSTRUCTION AND REVEGETATION PROJECTS APPENDICES A—Average Arrival Dates for Birds in the Portland Metro Area 21 B—Nesting Birds by Habitat in Portland 22 C—Bird Nesting Season and Work Windows 25 D—Nest Buffer Best Management Practices: 26 Protocol for Bird Nest Surveys, Buffers and Monitoring E—Vegetation and Other Management Recommendations 38 F—Special Status Bird Species Most Closely Associated with Special 45 Status Habitats G— If You Find a Baby Bird Out of its Nest on a Project Site 48 H—Additional Things You Can Do To Help Native Birds 49 FIGURES AND TABLES Figure 1. -
Percy Evans Freke
Percy Evans Freke Percy Evans-Freke was born in month 1774, at birth place, to John Evans-Freke (born Evans) and Lady Elizabeth Evans-Freke (born Evans) (born Gore). John was born in 1743, in Ireland. Lady was born in 1741, in Newton Gore, Mayo, Ireland. Percy had 5 siblings: John Evans-Freke, George Evans-Freke and 3 other siblings. Percy married Dorothea Evans-Freke (born Harvey). They had 9 children: Fenton John Evans-Freke, Jane Grace Bernard (born EVANS-FREKE) and 7 other children. Percy married Unknown. Percy Evans Freke. + . Read more. Full Wikipedia Article. Percy Evans Freke. Dublin. 50% (1/1). Timeline of ornithology. Rossitten Bird Observatory. Freke. 50% (1/1). + . Read more. John Anthony Evans-freke worked in PERCY SOUTHERN ESTATES LIMITED, HOTSPUR PRODUCTIONS LIMITED, PERCY NORTHERN ESTATES LIMITED, PERCY FARMING COMPANY LIMITED, LINHOPE FARMING COMPANY LIMITED as a Land agent. Active Directorships 0. HOTSPUR PRODUCTIONS LIMITED 02 March 1992 - 07 April 1992. PERCY FARMING COMPANY LIMITED 11 January 1992 - 07 April 1992. PERCY NORTHERN ESTATES LIMITED 11 January 1992 - 07 April 1992. Evans-Freke of Castle Freke in the Baronetage of Ireland (1768, after 1807). 1st Baron Carbery. George Evans, 1st Baron Carbery (1680â“1749) married Anne Stafford (d.1757) sister and coheiress of William Stafford of Laxton. George Patrick Percy Evans-Freke, 7th Baron Carbery (1810â“1889). William Charles Evans-Freke, 8th Baron Carbery (1812â“1894). Algernon William George Evans-Freke, 9th Baron Carbery (1868â“1898). John Evans-Freke later Carbery, 10th Baron Carbery (1892â“1970). Percy Augustus Evans-Freke was the son of Percy Evans-Freke and Dorothea Harvey.2 He died on 15 January 1847, unmarried.1 He gained the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel.1 In 1845 he was granted the rank of a baron's younger son.1. -
Description of the Nest and Nestling of Great Eared Nightjar Eurostopodus Macrotis from Luzon, Philippines
128 SHORT NOTES Forktail 20 (2004) Kennedy, R. S. and Ruedas, L. S. (1992) Centers of biological diver- Mittermeier, R. A., Myers, N. and Mittermeier, C. G. (1999) sity in the Philippines: surveys, training, and museum Hotspots: earth’s biologically richest and most endangered terrestrial modernization. Unpublished. ecosystems. Mexico City: CEMEX. Magsalay, P., Brooks, T., Dutson, G. and Timmins, R. (1995) Swedish Space Corporation [SSC] (1988) Mapping of the natural Extinction and conservation on Cebu. Nature 373: 294. conditions of the Philippines. Final Report. 30 April 1988. Mallari, N. A. D., Tabaranza, B. R. and Crosby, M. J. (2001) Key Unpublished. conservation sites in the Philippines: a Haribon Foundation and BirdLife International directory of Important Bird Areas. Makati City: Bookmark, Inc. N. A. D. Mallari, Haribon Foundation for the Conservation of Natural Resources, 4/F Fil Garcia Tower, 140 Kalayaan Avenue and corner of Mayaman Street, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines. Email: [email protected] M. J. Crosby, BirdLife International,Wellbrook Court, Girton Road, Cambridge CB3 0NA, U.K. Email: [email protected] N. J. Collar, Conservation Biology Group, Department of Zoology, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ and BirdLife International,Wellbrook Court, Girton Road, Cambridge CB3 0NA, U.K. Email: [email protected] Description of the nest and nestling of Great Eared Nightjar Eurostopodus macrotis from Luzon, Philippines J. S. STRIJK During March and April 2002, I conducted fieldwork and Nurney 1998, Kennedy et al. 2000). However, its 6–7 km north-east of Masipi-East, Barangay Masipi- nest, eggs and chicks had not been previously East, Cabagan municipality, Isabela province, on described. -
The Conservation Ecology of the European Nightjar (Caprimulgus Europaeus) in a Complex Heathland-Plantation Landscape
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of East Anglia digital repository The conservation ecology of the European nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus) in a complex heathland-plantation landscape. Katrina Sharps A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. May 2013 © This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution. Acknowledgements Firstly, I would like to thank my primary supervisor Paul Dolman for his constant advice, support and enthusiasm throughout this PhD. I am also grateful to the other members of my supervisory team: Ian Henderson of the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) and Andrew Lovett of UEA, for their useful guidance. Special thanks also go to Neal Armour-Chelu of the Forestry Commission and Greg Conway of the BTO for practical advice for the fieldwork and their invaluable experience and knowledge of forest management and working with nightjars respectively. Next, I would like to thank the other members of my radio-tracking and moth trapping teams – Vivien Hartwell, Laura Wilkinson, Elwyn Sharps, Alastair Feather, Kirsten Miller and Isobel Winney. Their efforts were tireless and they showed dedication to the project throughout. Additional thanks to all radio-tracking and nest finding volunteers, including Forestry Commission, RSPB and Wildlife Trust staff. -
Reference File
References added since publication of 2007 CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses Abadie, K. B., J. Pérez Z., and M. Valverde. 2006. Primer reporte de colonias del Martín Peruano Progne murphyi. Cotinga 24:99-101. Ackerman, J. T., J. Y. Takekawa, J. D. Bluso, J. L. Yee, and C. A. Eagles-Smith. 2008. Gender identification of Caspian Terns using external morphology and discriminant function analysis. Wilson Journal of Ornithology 120:378-383. Alarcos, S., C. de la Cruz, E. Solís, J. Valencia, and M. J. García-Baquero. 2007. Sex determination of Iberian Azure-winged Magpies Cyanopica cyanus cooki by discriminant analysis of external measurements. Ringing & Migration 23:211-216. Albayrak, T., A. Besnard, and A. Erdoğan. 2011. Morphometric variation and population relationships of Krüeper’s Nuthatch (Sitta krueperi) in Turkey. Wilson Journal of Ornithology 123:734-740. Aleixo, A., C. E. B. Portes, A. Whittaker, J. D. Weckstein, L. Pedreira Gonzaga, K. J. Zimmer, C. C. Ribas, and J. M. Bates. 2013. Molecular systematics and taxonomic revision of the Curve-billed Scythebill complex (Campylorhamphus procurvoides: Dendrocolaptidae), with description of a new species from western Amazonian Brazil. Pp. 253-257, In: del Hoyo, J., A Elliott, J. Sargatal, and D.A. Christie (eds). Handbook of the birds of the world. Special volume: new species and global index. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain. Volume 1. Alfano, A. 2014. Pygmy Nightjar (Nyctopolus hirundinaeus). Neotropical Birds Online (T.S. Schulenberg, ed.). Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY. Alvarenga, H. M. F., E. Höfling, and L. F. Silveira. 2002. Notharchus swainsoni (Gray, 1846) é uma espécie válida. -
Common Nighthawk Chordeiles Minor
COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor in Canada SPECIAL CONCERN 2018 COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC. 2018. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xi + 50 pp. (http://www.registrelep-sararegistry.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=en&n=24F7211B-1). Previous report(s): COSEWIC 2007. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. xi + 25 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Production note: COSEWIC would like to acknowledge Andrew Gregg Horn for writing the status report on Common Nighthawk, Chordeiles minor, prepared under contract with Environment and Climate Change Canada. This report was overseen and edited by Richard Elliot, Co-chair of the COSEWIC Birds Specialist Subcommittee. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment and Climate Change Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: 819-938-4125 Fax: 819-938-3984 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Également disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur L’engoulevent d’Amérique (Chordeiles minor) au Canada. Cover illustration/photo: Common Nighthawk, copyright by Ronnie d'Entremont. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2018. Catalogue No. CW69-14/515-2018E-PDF ISBN 978-0-660-27850-6 COSEWIC Assessment Summary Assessment Summary – April 2018 Common name Common Nighthawk Scientific name Chordeiles minor Status Special Concern Reason for designation This aerial insectivore is a widespread breeding bird across southern and boreal Canada. -
Historical Review of Systematic Biology and Nomenclature - Alessandro Minelli
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE FUNDAMENTALS AND SYSTEMATICS – Vol. II - Historical Review of Systematic Biology and Nomenclature - Alessandro Minelli HISTORICAL REVIEW OF SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY AND NOMENCLATURE Alessandro Minelli Department of Biology, Via U. Bassi 58B, I-35131, Padova,Italy Keywords: Aristotle, Belon, Cesalpino, Ray, Linnaeus, Owen, Lamarck, Darwin, von Baer, Haeckel, Sokal, Sneath, Hennig, Mayr, Simpson, species, taxa, phylogeny, phenetic school, phylogenetic school, cladistics, evolutionary school, nomenclature, natural history museums. Contents 1. The Origins 2. From Classical Antiquity to the Renaissance Encyclopedias 3. From the First Monographers to Linnaeus 4. Concepts and Definitions: Species, Homology, Analogy 5. The Impact of Evolutionary Theory 6. The Last Few Decades 7. Nomenclature 8. Natural History Collections Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary The oldest roots of biological systematics are found in folk taxonomies, which are nearly universally developed by humankind to cope with the diversity of the living world. The logical background to the first modern attempts to rationalize the classifications was provided by Aristotle's logic, as embodied in Cesalpino's 16th century classification of plants. Major advances were provided in the following century by Ray, who paved the way for the work of Linnaeus, the author of standard treatises still regarded as the starting point of modern classification and nomenclature. Important conceptual progress was due to the French comparative anatomists of the early 19th century UNESCO(Cuvier, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire) – andEOLSS to the first work in comparative embryology of von Baer. Biological systematics, however, was still searching for a unifying principle that could provide the foundation for a natural, rather than conventional, classification.SAMPLE This principle wasCHAPTERS provided by evolutionary theory: its effects on classification are already present in Lamarck, but their full deployment only happened in the 20th century. -
Collation of Brisson's Genera of Birds with Those of Linnaeus
59. 82:01 Article XXVII. COLLATION OF BRISSON'S GENERA OF BIRDS WITH THOSE OF LINNAEUS. BY J. A. ALLEN. CONTENTS. Page. Introduction ....................... 317 Brisson not greatly indebted to Linnaeus. 319 Linneus's indebtedness to Brisson .... .. ... .. 320 Brisson's methods and resources . .. 320 Brisson's genera . 322 Brisson and Linnaeus statistically compared .. .. .. 324 Brisson's 'Ornithologia' compared with the Aves of the tenth edition of Lin- naeus's 'Systema'. 325 Brisson's new genera and their Linnwan equivalents . 327 Brisson's new names for Linnaan genera . 330 Linnaean (1764 and 1766) new names for Brissonian genera . 330 Brissonian names adopted. by Linnaeus . 330 Brissonian names wrongly ascribed to other authors in Sharpe's 'Handlist of Birds'.330 The relation of six Brissonian genera to Linnlean genera . 332 Mergus Linn. and Merganser Briss. 332 Meleagris Linn. and Gallopavo Briss. 332 Alcedo Linn. and Ispida Briss... .. 332 Cotinga Briss. and Ampelis Linn. .. 333 Coracias Linn. and Galgulus Briss.. 333 Tangara Briss. and Tanagra Linn... ... 334 INTRODUCTION. In considering recently certain questions of ornithological nomenclature it became necessary to examine the works of Brisson and Linnaeus in con- siderable detail and this-examination finally led to a careful collation of Brisson's 'Ornithologia,' published in 1760, with the sixth, tenth, and twelfth editions of Linnaeus's 'Systema Naturae,' published respectively in 1748, 1758, and 1766. As every systematic ornithologist has had occasion to learn, Linnaeus's treatment of the class Aves was based on very imperfect knowledge of the suabject. As is well-known, this great systematist was primarily a botanist, secondarily a zoologist, and only incidentally a mammalogist and ornithol- ogist. -
Systematics of Smaller Asian Night Birds Based on Voice
SYSTEMATICS OF SMALLER ASIAN NIGHT BIRDS BASED ON VOICE BY JOE T. MARSHALL ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS NO. 25 PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION 1978 SYSTEMATICS OF SMALLER ASIAN NIGHT BIRDS BASED ON VOICE BY JOE T. MARSHALL ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS NO. 25 PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION 1978 Frontispiece: Otus icterorhynchus?stresemanni of Sumatra, with apologiesto G. M. Sutton and The Birdsof Arizona. The absenceof wings,far from implyingflightlessness, emphasizes the important parts of the plumagefor speciescomparisons--the interscapulars and flanks. These "control" the more variablepatterns of head and wings,which will always be in harmonywith the basicpattern of back and flanks. ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS This series, publishedby the American Ornithologists'Union, has been estab- lished for major papers too long for inclusionin the Union's journal, The Auk. Publication has been subsidizedby funds from the National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory, Washington, D.C. Correspondenceconcerning manuscripts for publicationin this seriesshould be addressedto the Editor-elect, Dr. Mercedes S. Foster, Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620. Copiesof OrnithologicalMonographs may be orderedfrom the Assistantto the Treasurer of the AOU, Glen E. Woolfenden,Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620. (See price list on back and inside back cover.) OrnithologicalMonographs No. 25, viii + 58 pp., separatephonodisc supple- ment. Editor, John William Hardy Special Associate Editors of this issue, Kenneth C. Parkes, Section of Birds, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania15213, and Oliver L. Austin, Jr., Departmentof Natural Sciences,Florida State Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611. Assistant Editor, June B. Gabaldon Author, Joe T. Marshall, Bird Section, National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory, National Museumof Natural History, Washington,D.C.