Fruits and the Ecology of Resplendent Quetzals

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Birdlife International for the Input of Analyses, Technical Information, Advice, Ideas, Research Papers, Peer Review and Comment

UNEP/CMS/ScC16/Doc.10 Annex 2b CMS Scientific Council: Flyway Working Group Reviews Review 2: Review of Current Knowledge of Bird Flyways, Principal Knowledge Gaps and Conservation Priorities Compiled by: JEFF KIRBY Just Ecology Brookend House, Old Brookend, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, GL13 9SQ, U.K. June 2010 Acknowledgements I am grateful to colleagues at BirdLife International for the input of analyses, technical information, advice, ideas, research papers, peer review and comment. Thus, I extend my gratitude to my lead contact at the BirdLife Secretariat, Ali Stattersfield, and to Tris Allinson, Jonathan Barnard, Stuart Butchart, John Croxall, Mike Evans, Lincoln Fishpool, Richard Grimmett, Vicky Jones and Ian May. In addition, John Sherwell worked enthusiastically and efficiently to provide many key publications, at short notice, and I’m grateful to him for that. I also thank the authors of, and contributors to, Kirby et al. (2008) which was a major review of the status of migratory bird species and which laid the foundations for this work. Borja Heredia, from CMS, and Taej Mundkur, from Wetlands International, also provided much helpful advice and assistance, and were instrumental in steering the work. I wish to thank Tim Jones as well (the compiler of a parallel review of CMS instruments) for his advice, comment and technical inputs; and also Simon Delany of Wetlands International. Various members of the CMS Flyway Working Group, and other representatives from CMS, BirdLife and Wetlands International networks, responded to requests for advice and comment and for this I wish to thank: Olivier Biber, Joost Brouwer, Nicola Crockford, Carlo C. Custodio, Tim Dodman, Roger Jaensch, Jelena Kralj, Angus Middleton, Narelle Montgomery, Cristina Morales, Paul Kariuki Ndang'ang'a, Paul O’Neill, Herb Raffaele and David Stroud.
The Diets of Neotropical Trogons, Motmots, Barbets and Toucans

The Condor 95:178-192 0 The Cooper Ornithological Society 1993 THE DIETS OF NEOTROPICAL TROGONS, MOTMOTS, BARBETS AND TOUCANS J. V. REMSEN, JR., MARY ANN HYDE~ AND ANGELA CHAPMAN Museum of Natural Scienceand Department of Zoology and Physiology, Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge, LA. 70803 Abstract. Although membership in broad diet categoriesis a standardfeature of community analysesof Neotropical birds, the bases for assignmentsto diet categoriesare usually not stated, or they are derived from anecdotal information or bill shape. We used notations of stomachcontents on museum specimenlabels to assessmembership in broad diet categories (“fruit only,” “ arthropods only,” and “fruit and arthropods”) for speciesof four families of birds in the Neotropics usually consideredto have a mixed diet of fruit and animal matter: trogons (Trogonidae), motmots (Momotidae), New World barbets (Capitonidae), and tou- cans (Ramphastidae). An assessmentof the accuracyof label data by direct comparison to independentmicroscopic analysis of actual stomachcontents of the same specimensshowed that label notations were remarkably accurate.The specimen label data for 246 individuals of 17 speciesof Trogonidae showed that quetzals (Pharomachrus)differ significantly from other trogons (Trogon) in being more fiugivorous. Significant differences in degree of fru- givory were found among various Trogonspecies. Within the Trogonidae, degreeof frugivory is strongly correlated with body size, the larger speciesbeing more frugivorous. The more frugivorous quetzals (Pharomachrus)have relatively flatter bills than other trogons, in ac- cordancewith predictions concerningmorphology of frugivores;otherwise, bill morphology correlated poorly with degree of fiugivory. An analysis of label data from 124 individuals of six speciesof motmots showed that one species(Electron platyrhynchum)is highly in- sectivorous,differing significantlyfrom two others that are more frugivorous(Baryphthengus martii and Momotus momota).
Crested Quetzal (Pharomachrus Antisianus) Preying on a Glassfrog (Anura, Centrolenidae) in Sierra De Perijá, Northwestern Venezuela

Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia, 22(4), 419-421 SHORTCOMMUNICATION December 2014 Crested Quetzal (Pharomachrus antisianus) preying on a Glassfrog (Anura, Centrolenidae) in Sierra de Perijá, northwestern Venezuela Marcial Quiroga-Carmona1,3 and Adrián Naveda-Rodríguez2 1 Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientíﬁcas, Caracas 1020-A, Apartado 2032, Venezuela. 2 The Peregrine Fund, 5668 West Flying Hawk Lane, Boise, ID 83709, U.S.A. 3 Corresponding author: [email protected] Received on 17 September 2014. Accepted on 8 November 2014. ABSTRACT: We report the predation of a glassfrog (Hyalinobatrachium pallidum) by a Crested Quetzal (Pharomachrus antisianus). The record was made in a locality in the Sierra de Perijá, near to the northern part of the border between Colombia and Venezuela, and consisted in observinga male P. antisianus vocalizing with a glassfrog in its bill. The vocalizations were answered by a female, which approached the male, took the frog with its bill and carried it into a cavity built on a landslide. Subsequent to this, the male remained near to the cavity until the female left it and together they abandoned this place. Based on the behavior observed in the couple of quetzals, and what has previously been described that this group of birds gives their young a diet rich in animal protein comprised of arthropods and small vertebrates, we believe that the couple was raising a brood at the time when the observation was carried out. KEYWORDS: Anurophagy, diet, Hyalinobatrachium, Trogonidae, Trogoniformes. The consumption of animal protein is a behavior a behavior also reported for P. pavoninus (Lebbin 2007) exhibited by most of the species of the family Trogonidae.
Neotropical News Neotropical News

COTINGA 1 Neotropical News Neotropical News Brazilian Merganser in Argentina: If the survey’s results reflect the true going, going … status of Mergus octosetaceus in Argentina then there is grave cause for concern — local An expedition (Pato Serrucho ’93) aimed extinction, as in neighbouring Paraguay, at discovering the current status of the seems inevitable. Brazilian Merganser Mergus octosetaceus in Misiones Province, northern Argentina, During the expedition a number of sub has just returned to the U.K. Mergus tropical forest sites were surveyed for birds octosetaceus is one of the world’s rarest — other threatened species recorded during species of wildfowl, with a population now this period included: Black-fronted Piping- estimated to be less than 250 individuals guan Pipile jacutinga, Vinaceous Amazon occurring in just three populations, one in Amazona vinacea, Helmeted Woodpecker northern Argentina, the other two in south- Dryocopus galeatus, White-bearded central Brazil. Antshrike Biata s nigropectus, and São Paulo Tyrannulet Phylloscartes paulistus. Three conservation biologists from the U.K. and three South American counter PHIL BENSTEAD parts surveyed c.450 km of white-water riv Beaver House, Norwich Road, Reepham, ers and streams using an inflatable boat. Norwich, NR10 4JN, U.K. Despite exhaustive searching only one bird was located in an area peripheral to the species’s historical stronghold. Former core Black-breasted Puffleg found: extant areas (and incidently those with the most but seriously threatened. protection) for this species appear to have been adversely affected by the the Urugua- The Black-breasted Puffleg Eriocnemis í dam, which in 1989 flooded c.80 km of the nigrivestis has been recorded from just two Río Urugua-í.
An Update of Wallacels Zoogeographic Regions of the World

REPORTS To examine the temporal profile of ChC produc- specification of a distinct, and probably the last, 3. G. A. Ascoli et al., Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 557 (2008). tion and their correlation to laminar deployment, cohort in this lineage—the ChCs. 4. J. Szentágothai, M. A. Arbib, Neurosci. Res. Program Bull. 12, 305 (1974). we injected a single pulse of BrdU into pregnant A recent study demonstrated that progeni- CreER 5. P. Somogyi, Brain Res. 136, 345 (1977). Nkx2.1 ;Ai9 females at successive days be- tors below the ventral wall of the lateral ventricle 6. L. Sussel, O. Marin, S. Kimura, J. L. Rubenstein, tween E15 and P1 to label mitotic progenitors, (i.e., VGZ) of human infants give rise to a medial Development 126, 3359 (1999). each paired with a pulse of tamoxifen at E17 to migratory stream destined to the ventral mPFC 7. S. J. Butt et al., Neuron 59, 722 (2008). + 18 8. H. Taniguchi et al., Neuron 71, 995 (2011). label NKX2.1 cells (Fig. 3A). We first quanti- ( ). Despite species differences in the develop- 9. L. Madisen et al., Nat. Neurosci. 13, 133 (2010). fied the fraction of L2 ChCs (identified by mor- mental timing of corticogenesis, this study and 10. J. Szabadics et al., Science 311, 233 (2006). + phology) in mPFC that were also BrdU+. Although our findings raise the possibility that the NKX2.1 11. A. Woodruff, Q. Xu, S. A. Anderson, R. Yuste, Front. there was ChC production by E15, consistent progenitors in VGZ and their extended neurogenesis Neural Circuits 3, 15 (2009).
The Quetzal and the Persea

California Avocado Society 1979 Yearbook 63: 34-40 THE QUETZAL AND THE PERSEA Eugenio Schieber Plant Pathologist, Antigua, Guatemala G. A. Zentmyer Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside In the 1972-73 Yearbook, we wrote "....particularly in the highlands of Guatemala, native guides will inform you that only where the Quetzal bird is found there you may find wild avocados, as this rare bird eats the fruit of some Perseas. Therefore we must explore the Quetzal country...."(1). The Quetzal is the most resplendent member of a family of lovely birds called the trogons, most abundant in the American tropics(5). Skutch(5) also wrote: "I had not yet studied the life of the most famous and magnificent of all birds ... the justly renowned Quetzal, sacred to the Indians of old. This lovely creature was one of the very first birds of tropical America to come to my attention. While still a schoolboy, I possessed a Guatemalan postage stamp that depicted a brilliant green bird with a crimson belly, a ridged crest over the head, and a remarkably long, gracefully curving train." Skutch later learned that the Quetzal was chosen by the Guatemalans as their national emblem, and as their symbol of liberty, since the birds would invariably die if confined in a cage. Skutch described the Quetzal with the following words: "The males are glittering green or violet or blue on the upper parts, with red or vermillion or yellow on the abdomen. With their bright plumage, proud upright posture, gentle dignified manners, and the mellow notes of most species, they are exceptionally attractive birds, the perfect gentlemen of the avian community." The Quetzal can be rarely seen from Chiapas, Mexico down to the isthmus of Panama, where we have in recent years been exploring for wild avocados.
Writing About Aj Pop B'atz': Bruce Grindal and the Transformation of Ethnographic Writing Sarah Ashley Kistler Rollins College, [email protected]

Rollins College Rollins Scholarship Online Faculty Publications 2015 Writing about Aj Pop B'atz': Bruce Grindal and the Transformation of Ethnographic Writing Sarah Ashley Kistler Rollins College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.rollins.edu/as_facpub Part of the Folklore Commons, Latin American Languages and Societies Commons, Linguistic Anthropology Commons, Other Anthropology Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Published In Kistler, Sarah Ashley, "Writing about Aj Pop B'atz': Bruce Grindal and the Transformation of Ethnographic Writing" (2015). Faculty Publications. 144. http://scholarship.rollins.edu/as_facpub/144 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Rollins Scholarship Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Rollins Scholarship Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Writing about Aj Pop B’atz’: Bruce Grindal and the Transformation of Ethnographic Writing S. Ashley Kistler Department of Anthropology/Latin American and Caribbean Studies Program Rollins College [email protected] Key words: Ethnographic writing, humanism, collaborative research, Maya, Guatemala 1 SUMMARY: The works of Bruce Grindal teach us many things about anthropology’s humanistic tradition. With examples such as Redneck Girl and “Postmodernism as Seen by the Boys at Downhome Auto Repair,” Bruce Grindal demonstrated how we can creatively engage our ethnographic writing to reflect lived experiences. In this article, I examine Bruce’s influence on my ethnographic writing and collaborative research in the Maya community of San Juan Chamelco, Guatemala. Since 2006, I have worked collectively with a group of Chamelqueños to investigate the story of their local hero, Aj Pop B’atz’.
The Magic of Costa Rica Nesting Sea Turtles, Howler Monkeys & the Resplendent Quetzal Designed for the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium

¡PURA VIDA! THE MAGIC OF COSTA RICA NESTING SEA TURTLES, HOWLER MONKEYS & THE RESPLENDENT QUETZAL DESIGNED FOR THE COLUMBUS ZOO AND AQUARIUM FEATURING TORTUGUERO NATIONAL PARK ARENAL NATIONAL PARK MONTEVERDE CLOUD FOREST RESERVE CARARA NATIONAL PARK JULY 13-21, 2018 ©World Safaris, P.O. Box 1254, Clemmons, NC 27012 Columbus Zoo and Aquarium, 9990 Riverside Dr., Powell, OH 43065 [email protected] 336-776-0359 703-981-4474(mobile) [email protected] 614-724-3558 YOUR HOST IN COSTA RICA DR. MICHAEL KREGER I invite you to travel with me to one of the most exciting and diverse wildlife destinations in the Western Hemisphere – Costa Rica. Traveling with our own professional bi-lingual guide throughout our journey, we will visit four of the most intriguing destinations this magical country has to offer for those who love to explore the natural world: the beaches of Tortuguero, the Arenal volcano, Monteverde’s famous cloud forest and the tropical forest of Carrara. The diversity of life is stunning and, along the way, we’ll meet partners in the field who are supported by The Zoo, see lots of wildlife (bring your binocs and field guides!), learn together, and, most of all, we will have fun! – Mike Kreger Dr. Michael Kreger is the Vice President of Conservation at the Columbus Zoo. He works with all the departments at the Zoo, Safari Golf, and The Wilds to develop and promote programs that save animals worldwide. He sits on the Conservation Management Committee (CMC) that gave out over a million dollars in 2016 to conservation projects in 36 countries.
Aves: Trogoniformes), with a Revised Key to the Philopterus-Complex

Author's personal copy Acta Parasitologica (2019) 64:86–102 https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-018-00011-x ORIGINAL PAPER New Genus and Two New Species of Chewing Lice from Southeast Asian Trogons (Aves: Trogoniformes), with a Revised Key to the Philopterus-complex Daniel R. Gustafsson1 · Lujia Lei1 · Xingzhi Chu1 · Fasheng Zou1 · Sarah E. Bush2 Published online: 12 March 2019 © Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2019 Abstract Purpose To describe a new genus and two new species of chewing lice from Southeast Asian trogons (Trogoniformes). These lice belong in the Philopterus-complex. Methods Slide-mounted lice were examined in a light microscope, illustrated by means of a drawing tube, and described using standard procedures. Results The new genus and species were successfully described. Conclusions The genus Vinceopterus n. gen. is described from two species of Southeast Asian trogons (Trogoniformes: Harpactes). It presently comprises two species: Vinceopterus erythrocephali n. sp. from three subspecies of the Red-headed Trogon Harpactes erythrocephalus (Gould, 1834), and Vinceopterus mindanensis n. sp. from two subspecies of the Philippine Trogon Harpactes ardens (Temminck, 1826). Vinceopterus belongs to the Philopterus-complex, and thus likely constitutes a genus of head lice. Vinceopterus is the second new genus of chewing lice discovered on Southeast Asian trogons in recent years, the ﬁrst genus of presumed head lice on trogons worldwide, and the ﬁfth genus of chewing lice known from trogons globally. A translated and revised key to the Philopterus-complex is provided, as well as notes on the various chewing lice genera known from trogons. Keywords Phthiraptera · Philopteridae · Philopterus-complex · Trogoniformes · New genus · New species Introduction The relationships between many species in the Philop- terus-complex are poorly known, and most species are today Lice in the Philopterus-complex are specialized for life placed in the large and heterogeneous genus Philopterus on the heads of their hosts [1, 2].
Rapid Laurasian Diversification of a Pantropical Bird Family During The

Ibis (2020), 162, 137–152 doi: 10.1111/ibi.12707 Rapid Laurasian diversification of a pantropical bird family during the Oligocene–Miocene transition CARL H. OLIVEROS,1,2* MICHAEL J. ANDERSEN,3 PETER A. HOSNER,4,7 WILLIAM M. MAUCK III,5,6 FREDERICK H. SHELDON,2 JOEL CRACRAFT5 & ROBERT G. MOYLE1 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA 2Museum of Natural Science and Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA 3Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA 4Division of Birds, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA 5Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA 6New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA 7Natural History Museum of Denmark and Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate; University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Disjunct, pantropical distributions are a common pattern among avian lineages, but dis- entangling multiple scenarios that can produce them requires accurate estimates of his- torical relationships and timescales. Here, we clarify the biogeographical history of the pantropical avian family of trogons (Trogonidae) by re-examining their phylogenetic rela- tionships and divergence times with genome-scale data. We estimated trogon phylogeny by analysing thousands of ultraconserved element (UCE) loci from all extant trogon gen- era with concatenation and coalescent approaches. We then estimated a time frame for trogon diversification using MCMCTree and fossil calibrations, after which we performed ancestral area estimation using BioGeoBEARS. We recovered the first well-resolved hypothesis of relationships among trogon genera.
The Panama Canal Review Ktmv ()( Lobtk I

ranamou Canal Keuie.ar' 996.2)005 PIS7 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Florida, George A. Smathers Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/panamacanalrevie1981pana OCTOBER 1, 1981 taken during the past year to increase Canal transit capacity and to improve the service provided to Canal users. These extensive Canal modernization and capacity improvement programs, financed by revenues, are beginning to show results. They are evidence From of our commitment that the Canal will remain a vital link in the Administrator the world transportation chain. It is a commitment that is dependent to a great extent of the upon the availability of skilled employees who are dedicated to Panama Canal the enduring mission of the Canal. To that end, the Commission has set in motion Commission extensive training programs that will insure future personnel needs will be met within the context of the new relationship On the Cover between the United States and Panama. Dominaling the cover is a photo by Noteworthy for the Mel Kenned]^ two of ships from the administration of the waterway Far East completing their transit of was the confirmation in June of Gatun Locks as maintenance work this year of the Honorable proceeds on schedule. Moving clock- William R. Gianelli as the wise: a closeup of the cupola on the ' elebrating its second Assistant Secretary of the Army San Francisco Church in the Casco anniversary and ncaring the end this capacity Viejo, by Arthur Pollack: Panama's for Civil Works. In transition period defined in responsible for exhibit featuring the Canal al EXPO of the Mr.
2. Birds of South America

TRAFFIC Bird’s-eye view: REPORT Lessons from 50 years of bird trade regulation & conservation in Amazon countries DECEMBER 2018 Bernardo Ortiz-von Halle About the author and this study: Bernardo Ortiz-von Halle, a biologist and TRAFFIC REPORT zoologist from the Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, has more than 30 years of experience in numerous aspects of conservation and its links to development. His decades of work for IUCN - International Union for Conservation of Nature and TRAFFIC TRAFFIC, the wildlife trade monitoring in South America have allowed him to network, is a leading non-governmental organization working globally on trade acquire a unique outlook on the mechanisms, in wild animals and plants in the context institutions, stakeholders and challenges facing of both biodiversity conservation and the conservation and sustainable use of species sustainable development. and ecosystems. Developing a critical perspective The views of the authors expressed in this of what works and what doesn’t to achieve lasting conservation goals, publication do not necessarily reflect those Bernardo has put this expertise within an historic framework to interpret of TRAFFIC, WWF, or IUCN. the outcomes of different wildlife policies and actions in South America, Reproduction of material appearing in offering guidance towards solutions that require new ways of looking at this report requires written permission wildlife trade-related problems. Always framing analysis and interpretation from the publisher. in the midst of the socioeconomic and political frameworks of each South The designations of geographical entities in American country and in the region as a whole, this work puts forward this publication, and the presentation of the conclusions and possible solutions to bird trade-related issues that are material, do not imply the expression of any linked to global dynamics, especially those related to wildlife trade.