DOCSLIB.ORG

Local Government Responsiveness in Indonesia After Decentralization: Examining Elite Initiatives and Citizen Participation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Local Government Responsiveness in Indonesia After Decentralization: Examining Elite Initiatives and Citizen Participation Local Government Responsiveness in Indonesia after Decentralization: Examining Elite Initiatives and Citizen Participation A Dissertation Submitted to the University of Tsukuba In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements forthe Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in International Political Economy Takuya HASEGAWA 2013 Local Government Responsiveness in Indonesia after Decentralization: Examining Elite Initiatives and Citizen Participation ABSTRACT In the evaluations of the quality of democracy in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia, many studies have emphasized the unchanged composition of political power elites and those elites’ persistent practice of exploiting the state resources. They argue democratic institutional changes have been superficial and only beneficial to the elites. Challenging these arguments, this thesis offers more nuanced picture of Indonesian democracy by indicating that Indonesian elites are increasingly accommodating the demands of non-elites. It studies the emergence of performance-oriented local leaders at the provincial level, examining two cases of such local leaders in West Sumatra and South Sumatra Province. While examining these elite initiatives, this thesis also studies the efforts of actors in civil society in bringing changes of local governance in order to develop an understanding of a whole picture of Indonesian democracy. It seeks to find the increasing influence of civil society groups by examining two reputed cases. One is a successful local anti-corruption movement. Another is reputed participatory budget planning at one district. This research uses the framework which has been developed in clientelism studies of comparative politics. With narrow definition of patronage network, this dissertation argues, gubernatorial candidates have been becoming less dependent on patronage networks as far as vote mobilization is concerned. Competition among local elites has been intensified by the introduction of direct local government head election. In such situation, some local leaders adapt a new strategy to ally with non-elites for winning out. They have implemented the policies clearly targeted to non-elites such as providing free education and free healthcare program for all residents, and improving transparency and effectiveness of government administration. However such signs of a shift have limitations. With many constraints on the citizens’ options of collective actions beyond voting, the influence of actors in civil society has yet been weak. Informational asymmetries between local elites and citizens have been increasingly salient and constraint severely the public’s ability to put pressure on local governments. Collusive relationships between elites and local media are being consolidated. In addition, local governments and parliaments have prevented any details of key discussions from leaking to the public, while ostensibly following the procedures of information disclosure. The main conclusions drawn from this research are that while elites nurtured during the Suharto era remain in power, and civil society groups have not yet increased their influence, a departure from the entrenched political patterns still occurs in some regions. Such changes are not caused with the replacement of vested interests with new ones but by ambitious elites’ new strategies to join hands with non-elites by promising and implementing the policies which accommodated the latter’s interests. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS At long last, I have reached the stage of writing the acknowledgements of this dissertation. On the way, I have encountered inspiring teachers, generous colleagues and good friends. It is a pleasure to acknowledge my sincere appreciation. First, I would like to express my gratitude to Professor Motoko Shuto, chair of my dissertation committee, and academic adviser throughout my graduate study life at Tsukuba University, starting from the Master Program of Area Studies. I have learned a lot from her. At the beginning of the graduate program, I only have an idea of researching on local politics in Indonesia without having in mind any specific regions or research frameworks. From such precarious starting point, she has given valuable advice to me to develop the idea of this dissertation. She has been diligent and patient in reading and commenting on the drafts of this thesis. Whenever I asked, she always spared time for me. If my chief academic adviser were not her, I would have given up finishing this thesis earlier. I also wish to express my gratitude to the other members of my dissertation committee. To Prof. Quimpo, I am grateful for giving a wide range of advice including very basic things such as how to construct an argument. A number of relevant literatures he suggested to me were very helpful. To Prof. Yasushi Kondo, I am thankful for stimulating me to think more deeply the relevance of the comparative politics. To Prof. Carole Faucher, though I could not finish this thesis before she moved to Kazakhstan, I am thankful for her valuable advice at the early stage of this thesis, especially on how to conduct a field research in Indonesia. To Prof. Masaaki Okamoto at the University of Kyoto, I am grateful for becoming a member of the committee at the final stage. As to the fellowship for this research, I wish to express my appreciation for the support by the INPEX Scholarship Foundation. By grace of this foundation, I could do field ii research in Indonesia for two years without facing any financial problems. A special thanks to Mr. Nakamura and Mr. Oguma who were in charge of supporting me. For the persons in Indonesia, at first, I wish to thank the Economic Research Center (P2E) of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), which had become a host institute to arrange my research visa during my stay in Indonesia. A leading expert of local politics in Indonesia, Syarif Hidayat was unfailingly helpful to spare time for me every time I visited to Jakarta. He always offered a sound advice on the field. Friends made in Indonesia during my research, especially in Jakarta, Padang and Palembang, made my field research much more delightful. If I listed them all, the dissertation would double in size. My sincere apologies to the many people who helped me but do not find their names here. You would never be forgotten. I will express my thanks personally to you when vising to Indonesia next time in the near future. Of course, my friends at the University of Tsukuba also helped me more than they know to survive the dissertation process. Thanks to you all. If I have retained any normality at all, it is only because of you. Finally, I would like to thank my family. This dissertation would not have been possible without the profound support of my parents, Mitsunori and Masako, who recklessly and consistently believed in me. I also would like to thank my younger sister. To those three people, I express the deepest gratitude I have ever offered. Thank you for giving me the courage to persevere to finish this dissertation. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Aims and Objectives ............................................................................... 1 1.2 Increasing Government Responsiveness ................................................. 3 1.2.1 Definition of Responsiveness ................................................... 3 1.2.2 Participation and Responsiveness ............................................. 4 1.3 Decentralization and Participation .......................................................... 8 1.3.1 Voting in Local Elections ....................................................... 11 1.3.2 Raising Voices at the Local Level .......................................... 14 1.3.3 Engaging in Budget Planning at the Local Level ................... 15 1.4 Clarification of the Key Terms ................................................................ 18 1.5 Selection of Localities ............................................................................. 19 1.6 Overview of the Dissertation ................................................................. 20 Chapter 2 Literature Review and Analytical Framework ..................................................... 23 2.1 Literature Review of the Studies of Indonesian Democracy ................. 23 2.1.1 Literatures Stressing Elite Dominance ................................... 23 2.1.2 Main Three Points of Elite Dominance Argument ................. 31 2.1.3 Critiques to the Elite Dominance Interpretations ................... 32 2.2 Analytical Concepts .............................................................................. 36 2.2.1 Clientelism .............................................................................. 37 2.2.2 Performance-Oriented Local Leaders as a New Type ............ 42 2.2.3 Information Asymmetries ......................................................... 45 2.3 Nuanced Picture of Indonesian Democracy .......................................... 45 Chapter 3 Changing Political Milieu in Local Indonesia ...................................................... 49 3.1 Changing Central-Local Relationship in Indonesia .............................. 50 3.1.1 Embarking on Decentralization ................................................ 50 3.1.2 Introduction of Direct Local Government-Heads Elections ..... 54 3.2 Career Incentives for Local Leaders ..................................................... 57 iv 3.3 Profiles
Load more

Recommended publications
  • "Good Governance" Reform
    CO-OPTING “GOOD GOVERNANCE” REFORM: A NEW PATHWAY TO POWER IN POST-SUHARTO INDONESIA INA CHOI University of Bristol © Ina Choi YUKI FUKUOKA Waseda University © Yuki Fukuoka School of Sociology, Politics and International Studies University of Bristol Working Paper No. 07-13 Ina Choi is a PhD candidate at the School of Sociology, Politics and International Studies/Bristol University. Her research explores how the universal standards of good governance are contested in developing countries, with particular reference to local governance reform in post-Suharto Indonesia. She can be contacted at: poiac@bristol.ac.uk Yuki Fukuoka is a Research Associate at the Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, Waseda University. He received a PhD in politics in 2001 from SPAIS/Bristol University with a thesis on political transition in Indonesia. He specialises in comparative politics with an area focus on Southeast Asia. He can be reached at: yuki.fukuoka@aoni.waseda.jp 2 CO-OPTING “GOOD GOVERNANCE” REFORM: A NEW PATHWAY TO POWER IN POST-SUHARTO INDONESIA INA CHOI YUKI FUKUOKA ABSTRACT: Challenging the mainstream literature, which tends to downplay the impact of good governance reform on Indonesian politics, we suggest that the intervention of the donor community, combined with a move to greater decentralisation in post-Suharto Indonesia, has certainly influenced the terms of political competition at the local level. This is not to argue that good governance has been wholeheartedly embraced by local elites, but to argue that the increasing availability of development projects sponsored by international donors has provided local elites with a new platform to enhance their power.
    [Show full text]
  • DIALECTICS of ISLAM, POLITICS and GOVERNMENT in SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES: a Comparison of Indonesia and Thailand
    6th Joint International Conference and Graduate Workshop on Islamic Studies Revisited: New Trends in the Study of Islam and Muslim Societies DIALECTICS OF ISLAM, POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES: A Comparison of Indonesia and Thailand Bayu Mitra Adhyatma Kusuma Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia email: bayumitraa.kusuma@yahoo.com Abstract Generally, the religion including Islam has a considerable influence on the politics and governmental system in a country. But of course the role of Islam in politics and government will be different when Islam as the majority religion compared when Islam became a minority religion. It becomes interesting to be explored further, so as to see concrete evidence the authors determined to compare the influence of Islam in the politics and government in Indonesia and Thailand. The results of research showed that there is a significant imbalance between the role of Islam in Indonesia and Thailand for politics and government. In Indonesia since the struggle until independence era, the Muslim leaders and activists are aware that in order to improve the condition of the country, it takes a political struggle to deal with attempts to obtain power to influence government and public policy making. This can be evidenced by the existence of Islamic party and Islamic mass-based party from the first general election to date. In addition, at the level of government the role of Muslim activists and scholars are also greatly affected. Instead, in Thailand show that Islam has a small portion in politics and government. This is evidenced by the lack of political access and opportunity to participate in the governmental system.
    [Show full text]
  • Women of the South Coast of Java in Politics and Rural Development Sofa Marwah
    Journal of International Women's Studies Volume 20 | Issue 7 Article 4 Aug-2019 Women of the South Coast of Java in Politics and Rural Development Sofa Marwah Follow this and additional works at: https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws Part of the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Marwah, Sofa (2019). Women of the South Coast of Java in Politics and Rural Development. Journal of International Women's Studies, 20(7), 57-71. Available at: https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol20/iss7/4 This item is available as part of Virtual Commons, the open-access institutional repository of Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. This journal and its contents may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. ©2019 Journal of International Women’s Studies. Women of the South Coast of Java in Politics and Rural Development By Sofa Marwah1 Abstract The discussion of women and politics in Indonesia has been mostly confined to the national and regional levels since a law requiring a minimum of 30% female candidates in legislative elections took effect. There are, however, only a few studies of women and politics at the village level, examining women’s contributions to village development. This study aims to explain the gap between the lack of representation of coastal women in rural politics and the extensive contributions of women to rural economic development. This is a qualitative study that involves informants in village administration, women managing business groups, an empowerment program manager, and others.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Quest of Kyai, Politics, and Development in Kebumen, 2008-20101
    ISLAM AND LOCAL POLITICS: In the Quest of Kyai, Politics, and Development in Kebumen, 2008-20101 Laila Kholid Alfirdaus Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Abstract The involvement of kyai (religious teacher) in political affairs has become prominent after the Indonesia reformation. With his charismatic images and long-maintained religious authority, kyai has amount of capital to easily enroll his self into politics without significant barriers. This becomes more evidence in the Indonesian political sphere after the reformation as the number of kyais serving as leaders in bureaucracy is increasing. However, their inclusion in politics does not always lead to the birth of greater impact on public policy. During the leadership of kyai in the governmental body, Kebumen -as a case study discussed in this article- has experienced late development, indicated by lessening development in terms of public infrastructure and social services. [Keterlibatan kyai dalam politik muncul secara masif sejak bergulirnya reformasi. Dengan kharisma dan otoritas keagamaan, kyai memiliki modal penting untuk terjun dalam politik tanpa kendala berarti. Inilah yang menjadi sangat jelas terkait peran kyai dalam politik, utamanya dengan semakin banyaknya jumlah kyai yang menjabat sebagai pimpinan birokrasi. Sayangnya, keterlibatan mereka kerap tidak menyebabkan lahirnya kebijakan publik 1 The author thanks Dr. Christian von Luebke for giving the opportunity to participate in his field research on local governance and business climate in 2010 in Kebumen, which lets the author reflect on many important issues as written in this paper. The author also thanks Ubaidillah for sharing his great ideas about local politics in Kebumen and Humam Rimba for assisting the author during the fieldwork.
    [Show full text]
  • A Case for Gender Equality
    16 ASIA-PACIFIC HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT About the cover Deficits in women’s power and voice are at the heart of gender inequality. The cover design plays on mathematical symbols to depict the relationships between men and women—what they are and what should be. The equality symbol signifies that all people—women, men and those with other gender identities—are inherently valuable and ought to be equal members of the family and society. Other symbols—unequal, less than, greater than, approximately equal—draw attention to the presence of gender gaps, be they in public spaces, at work or in the home. About the separators Folktales and historical accounts provide a peek into society—as it was or can be imagined. Asia-Pacific has a wealth of local stories, ideas and experiences from the past. The chapter separators present a few selected nuggets. A common thread is women’s power and voice, their creativity and capability. Men are protagonists, not adversaries, in the search for equality, which benefits society as a whole. These short narratives complement and contrast with the Report’s data and analysis, providing a lyrical break between chapters. Power, Voice and Rights A Turning Point for Gender Equality in Asia and the Pacific Published for the United Nations Development Programme Copyright © 2010 by the United Nations Development Programme Regional Centre for Asia Pacific, Colombo Office Human Development Report Unit 23 Independence Avenue, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka ISBN: 978-92-1-126286-5 Assigned UN sales number: E.10.III.B.15 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Sikap Kader Terhadap Budaya Organisasi Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan Di Lingkup Kabupaten Magelang)
    PARTAI PENGUASA DALAM REAKSI KADER (Sikap Kader terhadap Budaya Organisasi Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan di Lingkup Kabupaten Magelang) SKRIPSI Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Ilmu Komunikasi pada Fakultas Psikologi dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya Universitas Islam Indonesia Disusun Oleh : Nama : Farid Nur Hidayat Nomor Mahasiswa : 12321158 Program Studi : Ilmu Komunikasi Bidang Konsentrasi : Komunikasi strategis UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KOMUNIKASI FAKULTAS PSIKOLOGI DAN SOSIAL BUDAYA YOGYAKARTA 2018 i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN iii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ETIKA AKADEMIK iv HALAMAN MOTTO & PERSEMBAHAN Karena sesungguhnya dibalik kesulitan pasti ada kemudahan. Sesungguhnya di setiap masalah pasti ada jalan keluar (QS. Al-insyirah ayat 5-7) Urip iku urup, aja nganti adigang adigung adiguna, tetep eling lan waspada, tetep nyekel ilmu padi. - Skripsi ini penulis persembahkan untuk Ibu dan Bapak, semoga lekas sehat seperti dulu Seluruh keluarga besar Mulyadi Terimakasih telah sabar menasihatiku dan mendidikku sampai saat ini. Serta untuk seluruh pegiat organisasi, dan pencari ilmu pengetahuan khususnya sosial. v KATA PENGANTAR vi vii DAFTAR ISI COVER .................................................................................................................................. i HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ............................................................................................ ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ...........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Singapore | 18 Nov 2013
    ISSN 2335-6677 #60 2013 RESEARCHERS AT SINGAPORE’S INSTITUTE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES SHARE THEIR UNDERSTANDING OF CURRENT EVENTS Singapore | 18 Nov 2013 Indonesian Presidential Election Forcing Rejuvenation of Parties By Ulla Fionna EXECUTIVE SUMMARY • With Indonesian elections just six months away, speculation is mounting on who will become the next directly-elected president. Direct local elections and the current presidential electoral system have political parties engaging in strategic selection of their presidential candidates. • Partai Demokrat’s (PD) heavy reliance on the pulling power of President Yudhoyono has limited its capacity to develop internal cadres. The party has now held a national convention to screen a list of candidates. The strongest of these is the current president’s brother-in-law, demonstrat- ing that the party is under the strong grip of traditional party authority and dynastic politics. • Although Megawati Sukarnoputri also exerts strong control over Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan (PDIP), the party currently houses a number of popular local leaders, suggesting that a process of regeneration is in place and that the party has managed to nurture local candidates for national leadership. While the party has been delaying the announcement of an official candidate for the presidential race, there are strong signs that Jakarta governor Joko Widodo is the favourite for the position. * Ulla Fionna is visiting research fellow at ISEAS; email: ufionna@iseas.edu.sg INTRODUCTION With Indonesian elections about six months away, speculation is mounting about who will be running to become the next directly-elected president. Which sosok (figure) will be chosen to represent the respective parties will be a crucial matter and will strongly influence how the presidential campaign is managed.
    [Show full text]
  • Javanese Women and Islam: Identity Formation Since the Twentieth Century
    Javanese Women and Islam: Identity Formation since the Twentieth Century Kurniawati Hastuti Dewi* Despite the vast research over the last three decades devoted to the lives and social interaction of Javanese women, little has been written on the formation of these women’s identity by focusing on its development from the twentieth century up to the early twenty-first. This paper endeavors to show that the religio-cultural iden- tity of Javanese women was forged through a number of sociocultural circumstances. While revealing different features of the relationship between Javanese women and Islam, I shed light on the role Islam played, particularly since the early twentieth century, in providing transformative power to the role and status of Javanese Mus- lim women, manifested by the adoption of such Islamic dress codes as veiling, as also an important means of identity politics. I argue that new Islamic discourses have always been born out of the desire to challenge the conservative understand- ing of the role and status of Javanese women in different historical periods. Keywords: Javanese women, Islam, identity formation, veiling, identity politics Introduction Since the late fifteenth century, Islamization has brought about a significant social trans- formation in Java. Islamization in Java was marked by the transition from the ancient East Javanese Hindu-Buddhist regimes (Majapahit Kingdom) to the Javanese Islamic rulers on the north coast, and later to the Mataram Islamic Kingdom (Yogyakarta). The shifting configuration wrought changes not only in Javanese religiosity but also in Java- nese livelihoods, affecting everyone, including the women. However, over the last three decades, studies of women in Java have tended to overlook Javanese women’s dynamic intersection with Islam, framing it within identity formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Democracy in Progress – Or Oligarchy in Disguise? the Politics of Decentralized Governance in Post-Suharto Indonesia
    Southeast Asian Studies at the University of Freiburg (Germany) Occasional Paper Series www.southeastasianstudies.uni-freiburg.de Occasional Paper N° 3 (July 2011) Democracy in Progress – or Oligarchy in Disguise? The Politics of Decentralized Governance in Post-Suharto Indonesia Christian von Luebke (Stanford University) Democracy in Progress – or Oligarchy in Disguise? The Politics of Decentralized Governance in Post-Suharto Indonesia Christian von Luebke (Stanford University)* Series Editors Jürgen Rüland, Judith Schlehe, Günther Schulze, Sabine Dabringhaus, Stefan Seitz Abstract Despite the introduction of competitive elections and decentralization, Indonesia’s democracy has yet to realize its promise of good government. Public reform efforts have been paralyzed by national political controversies. Meanwhile, corruption and ineffi- ciency remains a rampant problem across many of Indonesia’s decentralized polities. In this paper I advance three interrelated arguments: First, that the coexistence of new democratic rules and entrenched clientelistic structures has given rise to elite-centered governance; second, that local government leadership has had strong effects, for better or worse, on district performance and probity; and third, that the quality of executive leadership is influenced, not only by individual-level characteristics of local mayors, but also by local ‘topographies’ of power – such as the concentration of and the connectivity to socio-economic assets. Key words Decentralization, Democratization, Clientelism, Patronage, Corruption, Elites, Leader- ship, Southeast Asia, Indonesia Copyright Please do not quote or cite without permission of the author. Comments are very wel- come. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to the author in the first instance. * DFG Research Fellow, Shorenstein Asia-Pacific Research Center, Stanford University (cvluebke@stan- ford.edu).
    [Show full text]
  • In Search of Middle Indonesia
    In Search of Middle Indonesia Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde Edited by Rosemarijn Hoefte KITLV, Leiden Henk Schulte Nordholt KITLV, Leiden Editorial Board Michael Laffan Princeton University Adrian Vickers Sydney University Anna Tsing University of California Santa Cruz VOLUME 292 Power and Place in Southeast Asia Edited by Gerry van Klinken (KITLV) Edward Aspinall (Australian National University) VOLUME 4 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/vki In Search of Middle Indonesia Middle Classes in Provincial Towns Edited by Gerry van Klinken Ward Berenschot LEIDEN • BOSTON 2014 The realization of this publication was made possible by the support of KITLV (Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies). Cover illustration: TERNATE: An unguarded moment outside the market as evening falls. With the World Cup competition underway in South Africa, Ternateans went to considerable lengths to show support for their favourite teams, including complete re-decoration of their motorbikes—this one sports the Brazilian flag. As the matches played out in the middle of the night (local time), winning supporters paraded through the streets in such vehicles, waving giant flags. June 2010: photo by S. Chris Brown. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data In search of Middle Indonesia : middle classes in provincial towns / edited by Gerry van Klinken, Ward Berenschot. pages cm. -- (Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land en Volkenkunde, ISSN 1572-1892 ; volume 292) (Power and place in Southeast Asia ; volume 4) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-26300-0 (hardback : acid-free paper) -- ISBN 978-90-04-26343-7 (e-book) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Javanese Women and Islam: Identity Formation Since the Twentieth Century
    Kyoto University Javanese Women and Islam: Identity Formation since the Twentieth Century Kurniawati Hastuti Dewi* Despite the vast research over the last three decades devoted to the lives and social interaction of Javanese women, little has been written on the formation of these women’s identity by focusing on its development from the twentieth century up to the early twenty-first. This paper endeavors to show that the religio-cultural iden- tity of Javanese women was forged through a number of sociocultural circumstances. While revealing different features of the relationship between Javanese women and Islam, I shed light on the role Islam played, particularly since the early twentieth century, in providing transformative power to the role and status of Javanese Mus- lim women, manifested by the adoption of such Islamic dress codes as veiling, as also an important means of identity politics. I argue that new Islamic discourses have always been born out of the desire to challenge the conservative understand- ing of the role and status of Javanese women in different historical periods. Keywords: Javanese women, Islam, identity formation, veiling, identity politics Introduction Since the late fifteenth century, Islamization has brought about a significant social trans- formation in Java. Islamization in Java was marked by the transition from the ancient East Javanese Hindu-Buddhist regimes (Majapahit Kingdom) to the Javanese Islamic rulers on the north coast, and later to the Mataram Islamic Kingdom (Yogyakarta). The shifting configuration wrought changes not only in Javanese religiosity but also in Java- nese livelihoods, affecting everyone, including the women. However, over the last three decades, studies of women in Java have tended to overlook Javanese women’s dynamic intersection with Islam, framing it within identity formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Vol
    Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Vol. 14 | No. 2 | November 2015 | Hal. 42-60 PERAN PARTAI D(02.5$6, I INDONESIA PERJUANGAN DALAM MEMENANGKAN PASANGAN GANJAR PRANOWO - HERU S8'-$702.2 PADA P,/*8% JATENG 2013. Oleh : Drs. Susilo Utomo, M. Si Abstract This study intends investigate the role of PDI in winning pair Ganjar Pranowo-Heru Sudjatmoko in Central Java Governor lection 2013. The research method uses a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews with key figures Success Team Couple Ganjar- Heru. The results show that the role of PDI was very decisive in determining the victory of the Central Java Governor lection 2013. Political Role of the PDI-P that took the role as political recruiter and as an engine pollster or mass mobilization. ,eywords - Political Partai, Political Recruitment and Political .ote Seeker, The /ocal lection. atar Belakang Pemilihan umum kepala daerah secara langsung (Pemilukada) yang telah dilaksanakan se ak tahun 2005 merupakan mekanisme demokrasi yang memberikan kesempatan kepada rakyat untuk menentukan pilihan pasangan kepala daerah yang dikehendakinya secara langsung. Melalui Pemilukada pasangan calon kepala daerah kemudian dituntut untuk lebih dekat dengan rakyat, lebih memahami persoalan daerah setempat yang kemudian diharapkan dapat men adi basis penentuan kebi akan yang lebih baik sehingga bermuara pada pencapaian kese ahteraan rakyat di daerah yang lebih efektif. Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 yang men adi landasan hukum bagi penyelenggaraan Pemilukada memberikan ketentuan tentang syarat pencalonan pasangan kepala daerah dimana pasangan calon kepala daerah dapat dilakukan melalui alur perseorangan maupun diusung oleh partai politik atau gabungan partai politik. Dalam hal pasangan calon kepala daerah melalui alur perseorangan, hal tersebut baru berlangsung se ak direvisinya UU No 32 Tahun 2004 men adi UU No 12 Tahun 2008.
    [Show full text]