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Glossary of Terms

[email protected] Anti-Inflammatory A Medicine: swelling prevents () or that lowers better. them breathe in help a child’s to alsoIt causes the lining make to their lungs of less . swelling causes that Asthma: A (inflammation) extraand mucus in a child’s airways. also It causes their the muscles around airways All these squeeze. to of changes cause and can maketrouble a child feel Common air. enough getting like they aren’t asthma wheezing, coughing, symptoms include asthma, cure for no and chest tightness. There’s children a healthy can active live help doctors but asthma. with life Asthma Action A personal Plan: plan created lists It which to with a child’s doctor. during take do an to them, whattake, to when asthma call to and when attack, the child’s doctor help. emergency get or Asthma Attack When (Flare-Up, Episode): asthma Treat signs worse. and symptoms get asthma the child’s to attacks right according away asthma action plan. : Germs that can cause , . other or , , usuallyDoctors treat these infections with . can hearBreath sounds Lung doctors Sounds: through a . breaths of a child number The Breathing Rate: takes per minute. smallestBronchioles: The the branches of airways. the tiny to air connect sacs They (alveoli) in the lungs.

When one of the tubes of in one When GLOSSARY OF ASTHMA TERMS | 94 IN SCHOOLS | GLOSSARY ASTHMA MANAGEMENT & EDUCATION LOUIS CHILDREN’S , ST. The tubes inThe that the air lungs in let and out the body. of : This partly gets the totally blocked. lungs or makes hard breathe. it to : Anythingthat the sees body as can cause dangerous, from an reaction, allergic mild like like sneezing a severe trouble to or breathing. can also cause asthma , include allergens symptoms. Common dander, and . Allergic Reaction: the responds When body to reactions allergic include Common an allergen. sneezing,itching, a runny coughing, , wheezing, and shortness breath. of hay medicalAllergic term The : for that an reaction allergic acts like a It’s fever. a stuffy include Symptoms cold. long-lasting runny and eyes, or nose sneezing, an nose, itchy and watery eyes. : the is When body sensitive certain to and has unusual responsesthings (allergens) as such sneezing wheezing. or reactions), (allergic can make asthma worse. the the ends at of air Tiny sacsAlveoli: found smallest airways fill in They the lungs. with air in breathe and we shrinkwhen breathe we when it before thealveoli enter must Air () out. the the restcan body. to of get reaction allergic severe A sudden, : and life-threatening medical emergency. : that A medicine aims stop to allergy as symptoms, such itching and swelling. Asthma Know to Words partnership Literacy in Missouri Health with Developed Airways Bronchial (Bronchi, Tubes):

Asthma Management Glossary of Asthma Terms & Education in Schools Asthma Management Glossary of Asthma Terms & Education in Schools -Inhaled: A controller swelling that medicine (inflammation) lowers asthmain This the lungs. controls and helps asthmaprevents attacks. air quickly. the lungs from force To : Dander: scales Tiny that animalfall of off on surfaces,settles floats in It and the air, . or an allergen It’s dust. part household is of a major that may cause reactions people. allergic in some Cat is dander a classic allergen. : swelling that A medicine lowers up clear It also nose. helps (inflammation) in the a stuffy runny or nose. Diagnosis: give medical to answer The doctors explain making sick. what’s someone in main The involved Diaphragm: muscle the base at the lungs. of breathing. It’s A smallDry device (DPI): Powder filled medicine with a drythat a child powder theirbreathes into lungs. in household found tinyDust bugs Very mites: allergen. a common They’re dust. Eczema: An allergy that makes red, skin dry, can andsometimes scaly It also and crusty. itchy, . cause Environmental Control Measures: Steps irritants or allergens rid of take get to you in a certain area. given A medicine (): duringas a life-threatening a shot reaction allergic a natural chemical that It’s works (anaphylaxis). tellingby the faster and stronger. pump to alsoIt the airways. opens up Exacerbation: Asthma attacks that keep getting worse. a child Asthma: When hasExercise-Induced asthma symptoms during after exercise. or Glossary GLOSSARY OF ASTHMA TERMS | 95 IN SCHOOLS | GLOSSARY ASTHMA MANAGEMENT & EDUCATION LOUIS CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL, ST. Controller Medicine (Long-Acting a child Medicine takesMedicine): every day to asthma swelling prevent lowers symptoms. It help and sensitivity in their airways over and lungs right away. time, not Clinical Trials: ResearchClinical that Trials: carefully and tries treatmentssafely devices, or medicines, new of with ways new findbetter and patients to . treating A type of x-ray thatChest A type can X-Ray: find x-ray of lung problems. Chest: area and The the between . containsIt the lungs. (): theWhen muscles in a child’s squeeze lungs certain to due triggers. Thistogether causes shortness and tightness, chest wheezing, breath. of that A medicine Medicine: a child’s airwaysopens up relaxing by muscles the airways.around are types: two There asthma relieve help which short-acting 1) and as albuterol) symptoms (such quickly are which taken daily. long-acting 2) Irritants: Things that child’s a bother nose, airwaysthroat, or them in. theybreathe when Irritants can cause anasthma allergy or attack the same as allergens. they aren’t symptoms, but chemical fumes, , Examples aretobacco and air . sprays, bug Modifier: that A medicine blocks chemicals called that thetighten airway muscles and cause make the to body and fluid. mucus more Lungs: chest organs used Balloon-like for and a right lung lung. a left breathing. There’s : A list a child’s past of health current and symptoms, medicines, problems, health risk factors. places. wet in A growthMold: damp, found Partsin float the air it of and canbreathed be causein to an common asthma It’s attack. in basements and bathrooms, as as well mulch, in grass, hay, leaf piles, outdoors . under or A thick, that sticky liquid coats andMucus: , airways, sinuses, the , nose, protects Asthmaand lungs. triggers can cause the to body Having mucus mucus. much make too much too can make very it hard breathe. to A small Machine: machine that easyturns a mist into to medicine so it’s liquid in.breathe Children usually use with it a make to sure the medicine mask a mouthpiece or their into lungs. gets Meter: A small, that Flow handheldPeak tool a child’s airways open how testing areshows by their lungs. of out air they blow much how if know asthma you symptoms helps It are worse. getting that lung can A severe Pneumonia: be canfatal. It be caused a bacteria by or and bothcan lungs. or in happen one GLOSSARY OF ASTHMA TERMS | 96 IN SCHOOLS | GLOSSARY ASTHMA MANAGEMENT & EDUCATION LOUIS CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL, ST. : BreathingExhalation: out. An (): illnessFlu that spreads easily chills, causes It person. to person fever, from throat, a sore a cough, aches, muscle headache, confused often withand a runny the It’s nose. and makes dangerous more it’s but cold, common can make than Flu worse feel a cold. people asthma and can pneumonia. worse to lead (High-EfficiencyHEPA Particulate Air) getsof A filter Filter: that tiny materialsrid in through it the forcing air by (asthma triggers) screens with very small Removing these holes. tiny materials an can asthma prevent attack. infilters canpurifiers air find and HEPA You cleaners. : A chemical that a child’s body releases having when to an reaction allergic mites. and dust , as such allergens pollen, and swell, , red, causesIt get their to nose mucus. make more : like raised A type looks rash. It itchy of skin. swollen red, on lumps white (Allergy Regular Shots): a child a small is the of allergen of shots amount of and more more Over they time, get to. allergic so that in theirthe their gets shot allergen body less it. to allergic (InflammatoryInflammation Response): in always swelling child’s a The lungs that’s they have asthma.when This swelling can build their airways, and block makingup hard it for Asthma breathe. them to triggers usually make inflammation worse. BreathingInhalation: in. PufferMetered Dose Inhaler or (MDI), A small controller device used get Pump: to a into medicine quick-relief or medicine pressed the When child’s down top, from lungs. releasesit a mist that medicine of is breathed in. Many asthma medicines are taken with a inhaler dose (MDI). metered

Asthma Management Glossary of Asthma Terms & Education in Schools Asthma Management Glossary of Asthma Terms & Education in Schools Sinusitis: An the sinuses of infection that makes thelining the sinuses of can It swell. happen air the into flows how something blocks when drains sinuses mucus Common and how out. painful or symptoms a tender are headache, a stuffy runny throat, or sore nose, fever, face, and cough. Spacer A plastic (Holding Chamber): tube or makechamber helps that It an goes on inhaler. the into lungs. gets medicine sure the sprayed main (Windpipe): The airwayTrachea that carries the lungs. of air and out into Anything thatTriggers: can cause an asthma make or attack asthma asthma Common worse. triggers 4. are listed page in 1 on section in Upper Respiratory Infection: An infection sinuses, airways.the throat, , nose, or Virus: A germ that cancause an in infection the airways, can’t Antibiotics as such pneumonia. treat viral infections. whistling a sound A high-pitched Wheezing: child makes and sometimes breathing when out breathing the happens airways in. when It are Wheezing istightened. a classic sign asthma. of Glossary GLOSSARY OF ASTHMA TERMS | 97 IN SCHOOLS | GLOSSARY ASTHMA MANAGEMENT & EDUCATION LOUIS CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL, ST. Sinuses: Natural air pockets within the a lining by that protected They’re the . of mucus. makes Trouble breathing. A : Trouble air. enough out take let inchild can’t or Sensitivity or Sensitization: Describes how some For anthe responds body to allergen. the an allergen, around they’re the more people, and have sensitive it to get they likely are to more an reaction. allergic Respiratory Infection: An illness that affects airways and causes asthma-like symptoms. Children with asthma may have more asthma a while after getting symptoms for a respiratory infection. The group of organs that of group The : carries the air the from bloodstream to oxygen rid dioxide. and gets of : Breathing. Respiration: Recurrent: Something that happening. keeps recurrent example, asthmaFor symptoms are asthma symptoms that happening. keep Oximetry:Pulse A test that much checks how this do test, a nurse To is inoxygen the . less for thanwill a small a onto clip tool a minute. Pulmonary (PFT): One or Function Tests fast air and how much tests how check to more a child’s lungs. of out moves A “wet” cough that may cough Productive A “wet” Cough: bring up mucus. A powder released the into air certain by A powder Pollen: and asthma allergen a common trigger. plants. It’s