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Rapport De Mission En République Du Kosovo

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Rapport De Mission En République Du Kosovo Rapport de mission en République du Kosovo du 10 au 20 juin 2015 Mission organisée par l’Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides (OFPRA) avec la participation de la Cour nationale du droit d’asile (CNDA) et du Bundesamt Für migration und Flüchtlinge (BAMF) PUBLICATION 2015 Rapport de mission en République du Kosovo du 10 au 20 juin 2015 Mission organisée par l’Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides (OFPRA) avec la participation de la Cour nationale du droit d’asile (CNDA) et du Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge (BAMF) Projet cofinancé par le Fonds Asile Migration et Intégration (FAMI) Rapport de mission au Kosovo - juin 2015 Rapport de mission au Kosovo - juin 2015 Interlocuteurs rencontrés au cours de la mission Elaboration du rapport Organisations internationales Ce rapport a été élaboré par l’équipe de la mission : Elodie GUEGO (chef de mission, division Europe-Maria Casarès, OFPRA), Mélina PELE (officier de protection instructeur, division Asie- Haut-commissariat des Nations-Unies pour les Réfugiés (UNHCR) Atiq Rahimi, OFPRA), Patrick VOISIN (chargé de recherches, division de l’information, de la – Narashima RAO, chef de mission documentation et des recherches-DIDR, OFPRA), Raphaël NICOLLE (chargé d’études et de recherches au centre de recherches et documentation-CEREDOC, CNDA), Mario SCHLINDWEIN Organisation pour la Sécurité et la Coopération en Europe (OSCE) (officier de liaison allemand de l’office fédéral pour la migration et les réfugiés-BAMF à la – Raph J. BUNCHE, chef de la section loi et justice Direction Générale des Etrangers en France-DGEF). La mise en page a été effectuée par – Senad ŠABOVIC, chef du bureau des affaires politiques et de la communication Eric CHIARAPPA (documentaliste, division de l’information, de la documentation et des – Sahedin SHOK, officier de la section des Droits des communautés recherches-DIDR). Sauf mention contraire, les photographies figurant dans ce rapport ont été prises lors de la Bureau de l’Union Européenne au Kosovo mission. – Thomas GNOCCHI, chef de la section Politique – Economie - Intégration Les changements survenus au Kosovo après août 2015 ne sont pas pris en compte. – Gaby HAGMÜLLER, chef de l’équipe chargée du développement social Conseil de l’Europe (CoE) – Isabelle SERVOZ-GALUCCI, chef du bureau – Giovanni MOZARELLI, chef de projet Organisation Internationale des Migrations (OIM) – Jorge BACA VAUGHAN, chef de mission Avertissement Autorités nationales kosovares Afin de préserver les sources consultées, les noms de certains interlocuteurs (et/ou organisations) en ayant fait la demande ne sont pas mentionnés dans ce rapport. Présidence de la République Le présent rapport ne prétend pas être une étude exhaustive de tous les phénomènes liés à – Jeta KRASNIQI, conseillère politique la problématique de l’asile, et n’a pas vocation à apporter de preuves concluantes quant au – Fergap ZAIMI, vice-président du Conseil consultatif des communautés auprès de la présidence fondement de demandes d’asile particulières. Le fait qu’un événement, une personne ou une de la République et animateur du réseau Gorani Community Network organisation déterminée ne soient pas mentionnés dans ce rapport ne préjuge pas de leur inexistence. Bureau du Premier Ministre Ce rapport ne reflète pas la position de l’Ofpra mais uniquement celle des interlocuteurs – Habit HAJREDINI, directeur du bureau pour la bonne gouvernance et président du Comité rencontrés lors de cette mission. consultatif de la communauté LGBT – Edona HAJRULLAHU, directrice de l’Agence pour l’égalité des sexes – Sanela SADIKOVIC (bosniaque) et Avnija BAHTIJARI (gorani), conseillers du Bureau des Communautés Ministère de l’Intérieur – Valon KRASNIQI, directeur de la citoyenneté, de l’asile et de la migration – Liridon NEZIRI, chef du bureau de la réintégration Ministère de la Justice – Aber GEGAJ, directeur du bureau d’entraide pénale internationale – Ehat MIFTARAJ, directeur du bureau d’évaluation de la performance des procureurs au sein du Kosovo Prosecutorial Office Ministère de l’Intégration européenne – Saša RASIC, conseiller du ministre Médiateur –Isa HASANI, adjoint du Médiateur (Ombudsperson) Assemblée du Kosovo – Kujtim PACAKU, député représentant la communauté rom Police du Kosovo – Jeton KRASNIQI, de la cellule de coordination pour la mise en œuvre du droit et des accords internationaux (ILECU) – Taibe CANOLLI, directrice du personnel et de l’administration et présidente de l’association des femmes de la police 4 5 Rapport de mission au Kosovo - juin 2015 Rapport de mission au Kosovo - juin 2015 – Le chef du poste de police de Dragash/Dragaš Sommaire – Un officier de police (d’origine gorani) du poste de police de Dragash/Dragaš – Un officier de police (d’origine rom) du poste de police de Mitrovicë/Mitrovica Sud 1. Le contexte général Organisations non gouvernementales 2. Le maillage institutionnel et son efficacité European Center for Minority Issues (ECMI) – Adrian ZEQIRI, directeur exécutif 3. La criminalité organisée – Marija LOXHA et Gazmen SALIJEVIC, responsables des projets 4. L’islam radical et les combattants à l’étranger Kosovo Women’s Network –Igballe RUGOVA, directrice, ainsi que l’équipe du foyer « Liria » pour femmes victimes de 5. La situation des minorités violences à Gjilan/Gnjilane 6. Les femmes dans la société kosovare Caritas - Kosovo 7. La situation de la communauté LGBTI – Violetta FERRARI, directrice exécutive Terre des Hommes - Kosovo – Alketa LASKU, chef de délégation Voice of RAE (VORAE) – Isak SKENDERI, directeur exécutif Danish Refugee Council (DRC) - Bureau de Mitrovicë/Mitrovica – Burim NEBIHU, chef de projet « Société civile et bonne gouvernance » – Jevto BORICIC, chef de projet « Développement communautaire » Network of Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian Women (Rrogrraek) – Shpresa AGUSHI, directrice – Donjeta DEMOLLI, responsable de projet Play4All - Kosovo – Elise CARREAU, responsable de projet Center for Equality and Liberty (CEL) – Rajmonda SYLBIJE, directrice exécutive QESH- Kosovo – Vlora KRASNIQI, directrice Think-Tanks et Centres de Recherches Kosovo Center for Security Studies (KCSS) –Shpend KURSANI, chercheur Group for legal and political studies (GLPS) –Delfinë ELSHANI, Fisnik KORENICA, Arbëresha LOXHA, chercheurs Sources diplomatiques Diplomates et officiers chargés des migrations issus de diverses ambassades de pays occidentaux 6 7 Rapport de mission au Kosovo - juin 2015 Rapport de mission au Kosovo - juin 2015 Rapport de mission au Kosovo - juin 2015 Carte du Kosovo Introduction Carte du Kosovo Parcours de la mission Parcours de la mission Le Kosovo figure, depuis plusieurs années, parmi les principaux pays de provenance des demandeurs d’asile en France. En dépit de certaines fluctuations, la demande kosovare, qui occupait la première place en 2010, s’est maintenue à un niveau très élevé. Bien que le 20°30' vers KRALJEVO 21° 21°30' vers BELGRADE V. KUPCI RIBARSKA KULINA KOSOVO RIBARI RAVNIŠTE vers SOFIA volume des demandes ait diminué de manière sensible au cours de l’année 2014, chutant à na BANJA BILJANOVAC si GORNJA TOPONICA a R J a s t r e r b 946 1594 demandes, il a connu une nouvelle hausse au début de l’année 2015. vers VALJEVO a KRIVA BRUS i V. Dulica a b JOSANICKA k J a s t r e b GRADAC I a KORITNIK REKA Jez. Celije i 1492 c a l i c ERCIGE BANJA l M Jankov kamen LEPENAC e M G 1833 PAVLICA V o GRAŠEVCI VELIKA PLANA r PLESIN a o K DZIGOLJ v a NIŠ Cette hausse a coïncidé avec le déplacement en quelques semaines de plusieurs dizaines de l RAŠKA BRZECE i j a MEROŠINA ŠTAVALJ BLACE D. RACICA a E 2017 milliers de ressortissants kosovars pour solliciter l’asile dans l’Union européenne. En outre, k o R s S a R B B MALOŠIŠTE RUDNICA elo rdo MERCEZ B PROKUPLJE alors que le Kosovo a été pour la seconde fois placé par décision du Conseil d’administration L j J u MITROVA REKA arinje p d BLAZEVO To ZITORADA s SELOVA pli vers UZICE k ca de l’Office sur la liste des pays d’origine sûrs en décembre 2013, cette décision a été annulée a T PLOCNIK I r o DOBROTIC e I L LUKOVO pl ka b esak ic KOCANE RASNO a a a par le Conseil d’Etat en octobre 2014. Il y a été rétabli le 9 octobre 2015. DOJEVICE NOVI PAZAR r ŠTAVA BRESTOVAC BUÐEVO Dren KURSUMLIJA Koprorice E TRNAVA KASTRAT o ARAPOVICE a L KRUŠEVICA KOSANCIC vers SKOPJE eposavic ZITNI POTOK n D L uboka / eposaviq M z B urqullë R ZLATA La proportion des décisions d’admission à une protection internationale concernant le Kosovo SUVI DO POKREVNIK orcane o Socanica n PROLOM Pu g P a MAGAŠ sta re demeure modeste à l’OFPRA. Le taux d’annulation des décisions de l’Office par la Cour nationale o KAŠALJ ollatë ka R Rudine 1504 BOJNIK 43° RACA d 43° i du droit d’asile s’élevait cependant à plus de 17% en 2014. TUTIN Seljance Kërpimek 1409 KRUSCICA Krstaca P Banje erpellac a IVANJE 1755 S LESKOVAC RIBARICE Rezala Banjska rbovac Bajgora Bajqinë k Dobratin D P ubnica e oshtme n vers Gazivodsko P Zvecan T DOBRI DO SLIŠANE ridvorica repca Bradash Une première mission de recueil d’information a été conduite par l’OFPRA et la CNDA en jezero Cabra /Zveçan Stari Trg /Staritërg Mërdarë LECE LEBANE r BAC Zubin Potok ba Podujevë I Zupce Mitrovica SLAVUJEVCE République du Kosovo en novembre 2010. Si la structure de la demande d’asile kosovare a a /Podujevo ica r /Mitrovicë n MONTÉNÉGRO o a g Gllamnik S l B hajkove MEDVEDA b M o k r a rabonic Vushtri a J BUVCE peu évolué depuis, 85 à 90% de celle-ci émanant toujours de membres de la communauté KALACE ROZAJE V K Orllan e Pogled /Vucitrn t Istog T a KLAJIC e 2155 Rudnik ernafc P o v B TULARE r antine a n DACICI B Si Samadrexhë tl atlava TUPALE albanaise, des problématiques nouvelles se sont fait jour, alors que certains motifs, autrefois B /Istok ellopojë Rakosh s t Ba i K n c D e uçicë i Lac de H r li Vrellë o c Novosellë a a im Skënderaj a S Batlava j v b ) hejkovicë marginaux, ont gagné en importance.
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