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Home , Actinomycetales, Bdellovibrionales, Flavobacteriales, Sphingobacteriales, Sphingobacteria (phylum)

Supporting Information

Crump et al. 10.1073/pnas.0906149106

Fig. S1. Neighbor joining tree of representative sequences from nine OTUs that appeared in at least five of the six big arctic rivers. The tree was calcu- lated with Jukes-Cantor distances between 16S rRNA gene sequences (Escherichia coli positions 118–796) aligned with the software ARB and sub- jected to a 50% base pair frequency filter in which gaps were treated as valid base pairs when not maximal.

Crump et al. www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/0906149106 1of5 Table S1. Average similarity values (Sorensen’s) between DGGE banding patterns for comparisons within seasons (winter, spring freshet, summer/fall) and between seasons for sampling years 2004 and 2005 Comparison Average n SD SE

Within season 2004 0.77 45 0.11 0.02 Within season 2005 0.77 45 0.08 0.01 Within season within year 0.77 90 0.09 0.01 Within season between year 0.72 156 0.09 0.01 Between season 2004 0.50 81 0.13 0.01 Between season 2005 0.53 66 0.11 0.01 Between season within year 0.51 147 0.12 0.01 Between season between years 0.53 184 0.13 0.01

Crump et al. www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/0906149106 2of5 Table S2. Number of clones from each river library belonging to each OTU grouping as determined with DOTUR at the 97% sequence similarity level

No. of Representative rivers All sequence containing clones, for OTU OTU YU KL YE MA LE OB total % Class Order Family Genus

YU201A11 6 10 8 9 4 12 8 51 11.2 Methylophilales Methylophilaceae Methylophilus MA101D10 6 5 4 5 9 1 7 31 6.8 Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Arcicella YE201C08 6 4 1 5 1 5 8 24 5.3 Actinobacteria MA101F04 5 2 1 1 10 0 4 18 3.9 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales YU201B06 5 5 2 2 2 0 4 15 3.3 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales YU201A10 5 3 0 6 1 1 1 12 2.6 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Alcaligenaceae MA101A07 5 0 1 2 1 4 2 10 2.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Comamonadaceae Rhodoferax MA101E03 5 3 2 2 1 2 0 10 2.2 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales YU201H04 5 2 1 1 1 1 0 6 1.3 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales KL201B07 4 0 2 3 2 0 1 8 1.8 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Burkholderiaceae Polynucleobacter LE201H07 4 1 0 3 3 1 0 8 1.8 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales YU201D06 4 3 0 1 3 0 1 8 1.8 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Methylophilales Methylophilaceae MA101A06 4 0 1 2 1 0 3 7 1.5 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae MA101B02 4 0 1 0 4 1 1 7 1.5 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales OB101A12 4 0 1 2 0 1 1 5 1.1 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales YE201C01 4 0 2 1 0 1 1 5 1.1 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Flavobacteriaceae Flavobacterium KL201C12 4 0 1 1 0 1 1 4 0.9 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Comamonadaceae Polaromonas KL201C11 3 0 9 1 0 5 0 15 3.3 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Arcicella YE201A01 3 0 6 4 0 2 0 12 2.6 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Flavobacteriaceae Flavobacterium YU201C09 3 4 0 0 2 2 0 8 1.8 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Comamonadaceae Rhodoferax KL201A10 3 0 1 3 0 0 1 5 1.1 Bacteroidetes KL201F03 3 0 2 1 0 2 0 5 1.1 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales i.s. 5 KL201G07 3 0 3 0 0 1 1 5 1.1 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Spirosoma OB101H10 3 1 1 0 0 0 3 5 1.1 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales KL201E07 3 0 1 0 1 2 0 4 0.9 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Flavobacteriaceae Flavobacterium MA101D05 3 1 0 0 2 0 1 4 0.9 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria OB101H05 3 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 0.7 Bacteroidetes YE201C02 3 0 1 1 0 1 0 3 0.7 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Oxalobacteraceae Herbaspirillum KL201E08 2 0 1 0 2 0 0 3 0.7 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales LE201H04 2 1 0 0 0 2 0 3 0.7 Proteobacteria Bdellovibrionales OB101D03 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 3 0.7 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Flavobacteriaceae Flavobacterium OB101F08 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 0.7 Bacteroidetes YU201G06 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 3 0.7 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales KL201B11 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes KL201D09 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes KL201E06 2 0 1 0 0 1 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Flavobacteriaceae Flavobacterium KL201G05 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 0.4 Proteobacteria Rhodobacterales Rhodobacteraceae Rhodobacter LE201A12 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 0.4 Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Verrucomicrobiaceae Prosthecobacter MA101A01 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Leadbetterella YE201H08 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Fluviicola YU201E04 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 0.4 Chloroflexi Chloroflexi Chloroflexales YU201F08 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 0.4 Proteobacteria MA101D08 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 5 1.1 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Terrimonas MA101H07 1 0 0 0 5 0 0 5 1.1 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria OB101A05 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0.7 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Xiphinematobacteriaceae Xiphinematobacteriaceae i.s. KL201F08 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Emticicia LE201A03 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Spirosoma LE201H05 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0.4 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales OB101A03 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes YE201A08 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0.4 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Verrucomicrobiaceae Verrucomicrobiaceae i.s. YE201B07 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales YE201G11 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes YE201H09 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0.4 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Comamonadaceae YU201D10 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0.4 Bacteroidetes KL201A02 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae Novosphingobium KL201A04 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 OP10 OP10 i.s. KL201A05 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes KL201A06 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes KL201A07 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Unknown KL201A12 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria Bdellovibrionales

Crump et al. www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/0906149106 3of5 No. of Representative rivers All sequence containing clones, for OTU OTU YU KL YE MA LE OB total % Phylum Class Order Family Genus

KL201B03 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Dyadobacter KL201C04 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria KL201D01 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales KL201D04 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria KL201D10 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria Bdellovibrionales Bacteriovoracaceae KL201E02 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales KL201E04 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria KL201F02 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria KL201F07 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Nitrospira Nitrospirales Nitrospiraceae Magnetobacterium KL201F12 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria KL201G01 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Crenotrichaceae KL201G12 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Unknown KL201H02 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Xiphinematobacteriaceae Xiphinematobacteriaceae i.s. KL201H05 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Rhizobiales KL201H09 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes LE201A09 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales LE201B03 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae LE201B06 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 ‘‘’’ Clostridiales i.s. XII Fusibacter LE201B10 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Unknown LE201C08 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria LE201D03 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales LE201G11 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Methylophilales Methylophilaceae LE201H08 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria Bdellovibrionales Bacteriovoracaceae LE201H09 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Methylophilales Methylophilaceae Methylophilus LE201H11 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria MA101A03 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Unknown MA101A05 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes MA101A10 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Acidobacteria Acidobacteriales Acidobacteriaceae Gp17 MA101C04 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae MA101C11 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Acidobacteria Acidobacteria Acidobacteriales Acidobacteriaceae Gp8 MA101D04 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria MA101E07 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Saprospiraceae MA101E10 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales MA101F07 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales MA101F12 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria MA101G01 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Saprospiraceae Haliscomenobacter MA101H02 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Subdivision 3 Subdivision 3 i.s. MA101H05 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales MA101H10 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales MA101H11 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Hongiella OB101A04 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Acidobacteria Acidobacteria Acidobacteriales Acidobacteriaceae Gp3 OB101A06 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Cryomorphaceae Fluviicola OB101A09 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Unknown OB101C06 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria OB101C07 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Subdivision 3 Subdivision 3 i.s. OB101C10 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Cyanobacteria Family II GpIIa OB101D04 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria OB101D05 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Acidobacteria Acidobacteria Acidobacteriales Acidobacteriaceae Gp4 OB101F09 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.2 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Verrucomicrobiaceae Verrucomicrobiaceae i.s. YE201A05 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes YE201A10 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Caulobacterales Caulobacteraceae YE201B02 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Unknown YE201B10 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Acidobacteria Acidobacteria Acidobacteriales Acidobacteriaceae Gp1 YE201C03 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Unknown YE201D04 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Opitutaceae Opitutus YE201E07 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Methylococcales Methylococcaceae YE201E11 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Rhizobiales YE201F08 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Flexibacteraceae Emticicia YE201G04 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales YE201G09 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes YE201H01 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae YE201H06 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes

Crump et al. www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/0906149106 4of5 No. of Representative rivers All sequence containing clones, for OTU OTU YU KL YE MA LE OB total % Phylum Class Order Family Genus

YE201H11 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Crenotrichaceae Crenothrix YU201A01 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Cryomorphaceae Fluviicola YU201A02 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Verrucomicrobiaceae YU201A06 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Acidobacteria Acidobacteria Acidobacteriales Acidobacteriaceae Gp3 YU201B02 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Caulobacterales Caulobacteraceae Caulobacter YU201B10 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria YU201B11 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Actinobacteria Actinobacteria Actinomycetales YU201C02 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Nitrospira Nitrospira Nitrospirales Nitrospiraceae Magnetobacterium YU201C04 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Cryomorphaceae Fluviicola YU201C06 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Unknown YU201C11 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Acidobacteria Acidobacteria Acidobacteriales Acidobacteriaceae Gp3 YU201C12 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes YU201D05 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Rhodospirillales Acetobacteraceae YU201D11 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Flavobacteriaceae Flavobacterium YU201E02 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Rhizobiales YU201E06 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales YU201E09 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Flavobacteria Flavobacteriales Cryomorphaceae Owenweeksia YU201E11 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria YU201E12 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Opitutaceae Opitutus YU201F02 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Burkholderiales Alcaligenaceae YU201F04 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria YU201F05 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Proteobacteria Alphaproteobacteria Sphingomonadales Sphingomonadaceae YU201F09 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Bacteroidetes Sphingobacteria Sphingobacteriales Sphingobacteriaceae YU201F11 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Unknown YU201G07 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Verrucomicrobia Verrucomicrobiae Verrucomicrobiales Subdivision 3 Subdivision 3 i.s. YU201H01 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 Acidobacteria Acidobacteria Acidobacteriales Acidobacteriaceae Gp3

Taxonomic assignments were made using the Ribosomal Database Project naive Bayesian rRNA classifier tool with a confidence threshold of 80% (http://rdp.cme.msu.edu). Note that Subclass and Suborder information were omitted from the table. i.s., .

Crump et al. www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/0906149106 5of5