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Concept of Salvation in Hinduism

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Concept of Salvation in Hinduism AL-ADWA 43:30 65 Abstracts of All Articles Abstracts of Urdu Articles: Conjunctions in the Quranic Text and its Impact on Quranic Interpretation (A study in the light of the books of Usuliyyin) Hafiz Abdullah A coordinating conjunction is a particle which connects two words, phrases or clauses together. The core and most common conjunction is the letter “Waw”. Difference of opinion exists among jurists about lexical and metaphorical meanings of “Waw” that leads to difference in Qur‟anic interpretation. Especially the Qur‟anic text about legal rulings is inferred differently keeping in view the meanings of letter of conjunction that results to multiple Quranic interpretations. The article has been written in the light of books of Islamic jurisprudence to highlight the impact of conjunctions, used in the Quran, upon Quranic interpretations. Compilation and Abrogation of the Quranic verses and Qiraat Hafiz Muhammad Abdul Qayyum It is fact that the Quran revealed by degrees in the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) era. It is also a reality that the verses of the Quran were being abrogated and abrogating in this period. This process was continued till the death of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). The completion of the Quran had become inseparable with the death of the Prophet, because the presence of a Prophet could not deny the possibility of the end of revelation. So Abu Bakr was the first caliph who compiled the Quran in written form officially which was free of abrogated verses. In the caliph Usman period, this process of Quranic compilation was not revised but the permission for the facility of reciting the Quran in vernacular Arabic languages/accents given by the holy Prophet under the tradition Saba Ahruf was abandoned, because this facility had been becoming the cause of parting and quarrelsome amongst the Muslims in different territories of Islamic caliphate. In this perspective, Caliph Usman prepared and promulgated the copies of Suhuf Siddique and sent them into different parts of the caliphate. All the Muslims of the world follow this officially and unanimously compiled codex today. Shah Wali Ullah’s Views about Quranic Sciences (With Reference to his Book Al-Fauz Al-Kabir) Muhammad Farooq Haider Quranic Sciences deals with principles and rules pertaining to the interpretation of The Holy Quran. The domain of Tafsir became vast due to introduction of new trends. In this context, interpreters and jurists have AL-ADWA 43:30 66 Abstracts of All Articles formed such rules which help to stop deviation. Several books have been written to attain this aim but Al-Fauz Al-Kabir fi Usool al-Tafsir got wider acceptance in the Arab and Ejam due to its extraordinary importance. It was compiled by Shah Wali Ullah. In which he has brought different Quranic sciences under discussion and explained very important issues related to Tafsir which reflects his academic abilities, insight and excellence in this subject. This article presents his views, findings and conclusions in Quranic sciences with reference to his marvelous work Al-Fauz Al-kabir. The Evolution of Theory of Shari’ah Objectives: An Analysis Muhammad Nawaz The objectives of Shari'ah are meant those objectives and purposes which are found in all of the commands of Islamic Shari'ah directly or indirectly. The source of objectives of shari‟ah is the Qur‟an and Sunnah in which inclusive and partial objectives of Shari'ah have been described. The companions of the Holy Massenger and their successors benefited from them Imam Shafae is considered the founder of this field. After him, Hakeem Tirmizi used the term of Maqasid(Objectives). Imam Juwaini not only used the term of Objectives and aims but also divided the term objectives of Shari'ah into necessities (Dhroriyyat), Needs (Hajiyyat) and embellishments (Tahseeniyyat). According to Imam Ghazzali, the Basic objective of Shari‟ah is to protect Religion of Islam, life, the faculty of reason, the ability of reproduction and property. Imam Raazi, Izzudin bin Abdusslam, Qarafi, Ibn-e-Taimiyyah and Ibn-e-Qayyim also wrote on the topic of Objectives of Shari‟ah. Imam Shatibi brought the discussion of Objectives of Shari‟ah to its zenith. Modern scholars like Najatullah Siddique have tried to modernize the objectives of Shari‟ah. Science of Deffered Haiths (Traditions) (Its Development & Significance) Ghulam Mustafa Anjum Hafiz Shahbaz Hassan Mukhtalif al Hadith is an important type of Hadith Science. It is sure that all the Authentic Hadiths are revelation, that is why there is no incompatibility among the Hadiths at all. Any apparent discrepancy among the Hadiths can be obliterated with some Principles i,e Naskh, Tarjeeh, Jama and Tatbeeq. When we study the history of Islam and seerat of our Holy Prophet we can easily understand that the subject of Mukhtalif al Hadith is a motive to peace and comfort. It is possible that all theoretical differences can be obliterated to study of this area of study. There are many names of the great personalities who have made elegant of this field of knowledge. Some of AL-ADWA 43:30 67 Abstracts of All Articles them are mentioned with their ascertainments. 1- Muhammad Bin Idrees Shafie, 204, Ikhtilaf al Hadith. 2-Abdullah Bin |Muslim Bin Qutaiba,276, Taweel Mukhtalif al Hadith. 3-Abu Jafar Muhammad Bin Salama Altahavi, 321, Mushkil al Aasar. 4-Abubakr Muhammad Bin Hassan Forak, 406, Mushkil al Hadith and its depiction. Taweel Mukhtalif al Hadith by Ibn e Qutaiba is the greatest and most important book in this field. Argumentation from the Passive form in Hadith Literature Irfan Khalid Dhillon Muslims introduced Hadith literature in which no other nation can contest them. This literature covers the life and era of one person only. Muslims preserved every tradition related to the Holy Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. This task was done by Muslims with full religious enthusiasm, full human care and standard of research. Many traditions of Hadith literature reflect clear commands and proscriptions ordered by the Holly Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. However some traditions are in passive form. They give commands and proscriptions but their commander is not definite. There are many possibilities in determination of the commander. It had been controversial and debated issue among classic Muslim jurists whether these traditions in passive form are sound proof and evidence in ascertaining the commander and whether these commands and proscriptions are legally mandatory on a Muslim. This article is a scholarly effort to study the debate of calssic Muslim jurists on the issue. It identifies the juristic approaches with their style of argumentation on the topic. It helps the reader to know the legal significance of such kind of tradition in Hadith literature. Public Welfare Work and Environmental Pollution issues in the Prophetic and Caliphate era of Islam Sher Ali "Islam, being a divine religion, is the religion of nature. The Holy Prophet (SAW) was guided by Allah in all matters related to physical and spiritual aspects of life. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was himself very pious, cultured and purified soul and as such he loved piety, purity and cleanliness. According to him cleanliness is a part of our faith. During his life time, the Holy Prophet (SAW) preached about purification of soul and rectification of faith, among the people of Mecca, who were idol worshippers and were indulged in many social evils such as fornication, adultery, polygamy, gambling, usury, slavery, social injustice, burial of living daughters, theft, robbery, ignorance, rowdyism, etc. The Holy Prophet nurtured revolution by bringing about socio-economic reforms which culminated in a culture, AL-ADWA 43:30 68 Abstracts of All Articles free of all evils. During the regime of first four caliphs (Khilafat-e-Rashida), the reforms introduced by the Holy Prophet (SAW) were implemented in letter and spirit. Moreover to check environmental pollution, all the caliphs laid stress on tree plantation and preservation of orchards and forests. Water reservoirs were kept clean and pollution free. Human Rights Issues and the Reforms of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) Abdul Salam Sabir In the following article an attempt has been made to see the Human Rights in the era of Holy Prophet (SAW) before the dawn of Islam. Arab society and other societies were not familiar with human rights. Study of anthropology reveals that human rights originally took start from the age of Holy Prophet (SAW). Fifteen hundreds years ago the Kingdoms of Rome and Persia were not aware of human rights. The Holy Prophet (SWA) gave rights to all sections of society which were in chains every where. It is "He" who gifted them human rights and abolished all inhuman activities. Two important Tribes of al-Qaryatain, Quraish and Thaqif According to the Hadith Naheed Kausar Hadiths are a source of Islamic history and biography, it describes motives and response of different arabic tribes and clans in early Islamic history. In this way it can be said that Hadiths are a source of socio-historical information. A critical study of Hadith about both tribes i.e Banu Quraish and Banu Thaqif, describes historical events of banu Thaqif and Banu Quraish and their role in early Islamic history. It also explains their status from all respects and in all the aspects of life. It throws light on the interaction of both tribes with Holy Prophet (SAW), their behavior and their response towards Islam i.e. teaching of Islam e.g. in the case of “Ribah” and “khilafat” as well and the Prophet of Islam (SAW) e.g. .in acceptance of Islam and its assistance. Careful study and profound analysis give us a clear picture of both tribes i.e both of these tribes produced such great personalities for all the fields of life who played an important role as polititions, teachers, warriors and conquerors etc.
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