DOCSLIB.ORG

2016 Terrestrial Rescue Report to the Mountain

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2016 Terrestrial Rescue Report to the Mountain 2016 TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT TO THE MOUNTAIN RESCUE ASSOCIATION International Commission for Alpine Rescue Kommission für Bodenrettung/Commission pour le Sauvetage Terrestre/Commission for Terrestrial Rescue Borovets, Bulgaria, 19-22 October, 2016 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT Prepared By: Tom Wood Mountain Rescue Association Alpine Rescue Team [email protected] Dr. Alison Sheets Mountain Rescue Association Rocky Mountain Rescue Group [email protected] “ICAR provides a platform for mountain rescue and related organizations to disseminate knowledge with the prime goal of improving mountain rescue services and their safety. It is an independent, worldwide organization that respects its members and promotes international cooperation.” INTRODUCTION The International Commission for Alpine Rescue (ICAR) met for its annual Congress in Borovets, Bulgaria 19-22 October, 2016. These are some of the highlights of ICAR, with an emphasis on information and presentations that relate to the Terrestrial Rescue Commission. Borovets (Bulgarian: Боровец), known as Chamkoria (Чамкория) until the middle of the 20th century, is a popular Bulgarian mountain resort situated in Sofia Province, on the northern slopes of Rila, at an altitude of 1350 m. Borovets is 10 km from Samokov, 73 km from Sofia and 125 km from Plovdiv. 2 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT Borovets is the oldest Bulgarian winter resort with a history that dates back to 1896. Borovets was originally established at the end of the 19th Century as a hunting place for the Bulgarian Kings. Borovets gradually developed into a modern ski resort with hotels, restaurants, bars and a network of ski runs and lifts along the slopes of the Rila Mountains, providing for a whole range of winter sports. The resort has twice hosted World Cup Alpine Skiing rounds (1981 and 1984), while the Biathlon track is one of the best in the world. (Wikipedia) The host team, Mountain Rescue Service at the Bulgarian Red Cross, was established in 1933 before joining the Bulgarian Red Cross in 1951. Today, more than 500 volunteers on 32 teams make up the Bulgarian MRS. THE ICAR CONGRESS Presenters from around the world were required to submit proposals and papers in advance, with a standard 20 minute presentation period followed by 10 minutes of questions. The theme of this year’s congress was The Search Function: Improving the Search Before the Rescue. This theme was reflected in the avalanche rescue Commission’s stations during the Practical Day workshop on 19 October. This year’s congress drew more than 400 rescuers from nearly 40 countries. Representing the MRA were Dr. Ken Zafren (Medical), Charley Shimanski (Air Rescue), Tom Wood and Dr. Alison Sheets (Terrestrial Rescue), and Marc Beverly and Oyvind Henningson (Avalanche Rescue). Additionally, representing the MRA was ICAR Board Member Dan Hourihan and Rick Lorenz (Olympic Mountain Rescue). Attendance of the U.S. delegates was made possible by support from CMC Rescue, Pigeon Mountain Industries, the MRA and a significant private donor wishing to remain anonymous. The U.S. MRA delegates are grateful to our sponsors for the long term support of this important international exchange. As always, Topograph Media was present to film the conference, and their excellent two-part video summary can be found at https://vimeo.com/topographmedia. ICAR is grateful for the continued support of CMC, Petzl, PMI and Tyromont. It is the financial support of these sponsors that makes the annual ICAR videos a reality. ICAR PRE-CONFERENCE PRACTICAL DAY Held on October 19th, the day preceding the Congress, the 2016 Avalanche Rescue-themed practical day took place on the foggy green slopes of the nearby ski area and challenged the 233 attendees to increase their avalanche rescue skills and knowledge. Mountain rescuers teamed up with several manufacturers to offer a handful of hands-on stations that covered everything from new slalom probing strategies to avalanche transceiver practice with multiple burials. 3 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT Of particular interest was the station that demonstrated helicopter long line quick extraction with high avalanche danger. Using a powered winch (simulating the lift of a helicopter) that lifted two rescuers via a ski lift tower, this recue technique would allow the helicopter to take off in the event of a second avalanche, thereby lifting the rescuers above the avalanche before it hit. Narrated by Doctor Gregoire Zen Ruffinen, with Air Glacier, Switzerland, this technique utilized custom four meter long rope-covered wire cable that could potentially lift two rescuers and one subject. Though risky, a couple teams have utilized this technique to protect the ground searchers from the danger of secondary slides. 4 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT 5 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT Klaus Wagenbichler, with OBRD, Salzburg, Austria, headed up the slalom probing station on the foggy, but green, slopes. Slalom probing, in contrast to left, center and then right probing techniques, is less fatiguing on probers because they only do the center probe, then step left or right before moving forward. When viewed in the diagram above, the slalom probing pattern resembles a zig-zag pattern. Recco hosted a station that instructed rescuers the best way to isolate their Recco units from distracting signals and the best way to perform a self-check before attempted to search a debris field. Instructor Jan Peder Hoggen, an avalanche trainer with the Norwegian Red Cross, 6 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT encouraged Recco searchers to use the Recco unit like they would a flashlight while looking for lost car keys in the dark-pointing it at the ground four meters to the front and making rotating, sweeping arcs approximately 20 meters wide, from 10 o’clock to 2 o’clock. The transceiver search station was headed up by Polish Mountain Rescuer Kuba Hornowski, with Tatra Mountain Rescue in Zakopane. Using the newly released ICAR posters for transceiver search techniques as the talking points, Kuba stressed the importance of mastering each phase of the transceiver search process. Also, it’s critical, he said, to remember to focus on the buried person, not just the transceiver. This wider field of focus should better equip the rescuer to find clues on the surface instead of simply following the instructions on the transceiver screen. Tying in closely with the posters used to illustrate transceiver search best practices, the Mountain Safety Knowledge Database, brainchild of Meilen, Switzerland native Manuel Genswen, aims to increase the skill levels of mountain rescuers by making standardized information more readily accessible to those seeking to up their game. Available in 13 languages, and compiled by ICAR sanctioned working groups, the database would be available for a nominal fee. Look to future ICAR bulletins for more information on this newly minted idea. 7 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT 8 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT 9 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT When most of us hear the term Scoop and Run, said Dr. Natalie Holtzl, from the German Association of Mountain & Expedition Medicine, we often downplay the risk assessment phase of the rescue. Using two scenarios where patients were located in precarious or dangerous environments (such as a lightning strike victim suspended from a via ferrata route-above). Dr. Holtzl challenged rescuers to minimize their exposure to risk by preplanning and getting the patients to an area that would allow for a more lengthy and thorough assessment. Dr. Julia Fieler, with the Norwegian Red Cross, also laid out an avalanche rescue scenario which put rescuers in a similar predicament and forced them to use the concept of A,B,C,D,E (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability and Exposure) to direct their efforts. TERRESTRIAL RESCUE ASSEMBLY OF DELEGATES, October 20, 2016 The first official day of the 2016 ICAR Conference began on Thursday, October 20th. The day began on a somber note as ICAR members observed a moment of silence for pioneer Bavarian mountain rescuer Dr. Karl “Bene’” Gotzfried. Also included in that moment of silence was Mountain Rescue Ireland’s own Catriona Lucas, who died in the line of duty in 2016. She was Ireland’s first SAR line of duty fatality. On a lighter note, the members of the Terrestrial Rescue Commission voted to re-elect President Gebhard Barbisch and Vice-President Kirk Mauthner to another four year term. The following previously published Terrestrial Rescue Recommendations were discussed: 10 2016 ICAR TERRESTRIAL RESCUE REPORT TER-REC 0001 Discussion points: It is not the goal to eliminate screw-lock carabiners. It is about central anchoring, which should be included. The wording central anchoring could be wrongly interpreted. At this time one could interpret this to mean that Delta cannot be used. Suggestions for different wording? Add a Q to EN 12275? Not necessary. No changes suggested. Comment Gebhard Barbisch in addition to the minutes: After the meeting open topics came up which require a work group. The recommendation will get a note on the homepage indicating that changes are being worked on. TER-REC 0004 Streibel Herbert objected that certain knots had been excluded; for example two-loop figure eight. Result of the discussion: There is no argument against including certain knots; however, for certain uses certain knots are not useful. The usage has to be the deciding factor. The recommendation will not be removed from the homepage but a comment will be added that the recommendation is being edited. The work group will continue to work on the recommendation. TER-REC 0005 Herbert Streibel asks regarding the two rope system. The last update on the recommendation is from 2005. It is necessary to overhaul the recommendation. Question: What exactly is meant by „three dimensional separation“? Answer: It refers to two anchoring systems which are independent of each other. The anchors have to be separate.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Zornitsa Markova the KTB STATE
    Zornitsa Markova THE KTB STATE Sofia, 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or express written consent from Iztok-Zapad Publishing House. transmitted in any form or by any means without first obtaining © Zornitsa Markova, 2017 © Iztok-Zapad Publishing House, 2017 ISBN 978-619-01-0094-2 zornitsa markova THE KTB STATE CHRONICLE OF THE LARGEST BANK FAILURE IN BULGARIA — THE WORKINGS OF A CAPTURED STATE THAT SOLD OUT THE PUBLIC INTEREST FOR PRIVATE EXPEDIENCY CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS / 12 EDITOR’S FOREWORD / 13 SUMMARY / 15 READER’S GUIDE TO THE INVESTIGATION / 21 1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND / 23 DEVELOPMENTS IN THE BULGARIAN BANKING SECTOR THAT PRE-DATE KTB ..........................................................25 Headed for a Banking Crisis .................................................................................................. 26 Scores of Banks Close Their Doors................................................................................... 29 First Private Bank — Backed by the Powerful, Favoured by the Government ......................................................... 33 Criminal Syndicates and Their Banks — the Birth of a State within the State ...........................................................................35 A Post-Crisis Change of Players ..........................................................................................37 A FRESH START FOR THE FLEDGLING KTB ..................................................... 40 KTB SALE ..........................................................................................................................................42
    [Show full text]
  • Information Bulletin No. 1 Flash Floods in Europe
    Information bulletin no. 1 Flash floods in Europe Date of issue: 9 July 2018 Date of disaster: during June and July Point of contact: Seval Guzelkilinc, Disaster Management Coordinator, IFRC Regional Office for Europe Phone: +36 1 888 45 05; email: [email protected] Host National Societies: Bulgarian Red Cross, Georgia Red Cross Society, Hellenic Red Cross, Italian Red Cross, Red Cross of Serbia, Romanian Red Cross, Ukrainian Red Cross Society This bulletin is being issued for information only and reflects the current situation and details available at this time. The situation Floods and flash floods have been occurring throughout Eastern and Southern Europe in the last weeks of June and during the first week of July 2018. Severe weather has been forecasted by agencies, such as AccuWeather. Officials in Bulgaria reported that the provinces of Plovdiv, Pazardjik, Sofia, Smolyan, Bourgas have all been affected by floods on 29 June. Emergency services responded to 146 calls for assistance due to the flooding and storm damage. In Plovdiv Province, evacuation orders were issued for residents living along the Chaya River in Sadovo Municipality, after river embankments had been breached in two locations. Over 50 houses have been flooded in the province and the road between Plovdiv and Haskovo is closed. Over 30 homes were flooded in Smolyan province, where a state of emergency was declared in Chepelare and in the municipality of Smolyan where the Cherna River has overflowed. Around 26 homes were flooded or damaged by the storm in Pazardzhik province and 24 in Bourgas province. Homes and roads were damaged in Varna, Bourgas province, earlier this month after 71.5 mm of rain fell in 24 hours between 04 and early 05 June.
    [Show full text]
  • Fast Delivery
    Delivery and Returns Delivery rates: We strive to offer an unbeatable service and deliver our products safely and cost-effectively. Our main focus is serving our The delivery is performed by a third-party delivery service provider. customers’ needs with a combination of great design, quality products, value for money, respect for the environment and All orders under 20 kg are shipped by courier with door-to-door delivery service. outstanding service. Please read our Delivery terms and details before you complete your order. If you have any questions, we advise that you contact us at 080019889 and speak with one of our customer service associates. All orders over 20 kg are shipped by transport company with delivery to building address service. All orders are processed within 72 hours from the day following the day on which the order is confirmed and given to the courier or transport company for delivery. After the ordered goods are given to courier or transport company for delivery, we will send you a tracking number, which will allow you to check on their website for recent status. The delivery price is not included in the price of the goods. The transport and delivery cots depend on the weight and volume of the ordered items, the delivery area and any additional services (delivery to apartment entrance, etc.). The following delivery pricelist is applied. All prices are in Bulgarian Lev (BGN) with included VAT. 1. Delivery of samples and small 3. Additional service - Delivery to packages door-to-door up to 20 kg. apartment entrance. If you need assistance by us for delivering the goods to your apartment, Kilograms Zone 1 - Zone 11 this is additionaly paid handling service, which you can request by 0 - 1 kg.
    [Show full text]
  • Additions to the Lichenized and Lichenicolous Fungi in Bulgaria
    MYCOBIOTA 10: 39–62 (2020) RESEARCH ARTICLE ISSN 1314-7129 (print) http://dx.doi.org/10.12664/mycobiota.2020.10.04doi: 10.12664/mycobiota.2020.10.04 ISSN 1314-7781 (online) www.mycobiota.com Additions to the lichenized and lichenicolous fungi in Bulgaria Helmut Mayrhofer ¹*, Adriana Atanassova ¹, Siyka O. Nikolova ² & Cvetomir M. Denchev ² ¹ Institute of Biology, Division of Plant Sciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Holteigasse 6, A-8010 Graz, Austria ² Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin St., 1113 Sofi a, Bulgaria Received 28 July 2020 / Accepted 6 August 2020 / Published 7 August 2020 Mayrhofer, H., Atanassova, A., Nikolova, S.O. & Denchev, C.M. 2020. Additions to the lichenized and lichenicolous fungi in Bulgaria. – Mycobiota 10: 39–62. doi: 10.12664/mycobiota.2020.10.04 Abstract. Th irty-six taxa of lichenized fungi, Acarospora irregularis, Arthonia mediella, Caloplaca asserigena, C. atrofl ava, C. subpallida, Catillaria detractula, Diplotomma hedinii, Endohyalina insularis, Lecanora rouxii, L. rupicola subsp. subplanata, Lecidea berengeriana, L. sarcogynoides, Lepra leucosora, Lepraria borealis, L. diff usa, L. elobata, L. nylanderiana, L. vouauxii, Ochrolechia arborea, Pertusaria fl avicans, Protoparmeliopsis muralis var. dubyi, Pycnora praestabilis, Rinodina freyi, R. luridata var. immersa, R. occulta, R. roscida, R. sicula, R. teichophila, R. trevisanii, Rinodinella dubyanoides, Scoliciosporum umbrinum var. corticicolum, Solorina bispora var. macrospora, Strigula affi nis, Tephromela atra var. torulosa, Umbilicaria freyi, and U. maculata, are reported for the fi rst time from Bulgaria. Th e fi nding of Rinodina sicula represents the fi rst record for the Balkan Peninsula. Key words: biodiversity, Bulgaria, lichenicolous fungi, lichenized fungi, Rinodina, taxo nomy Introduction Th e present paper is a contribution to the lichen biota of Bulgaria and the Balkan Peninsula.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Disparities in Bulgaria Today: Economic, Social, and Demographic Challenges
    REGIONAL DISPARITIES IN BULGARIA TODAY: ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHALLENGES Sylvia S. Zarkova, PhD Student1 D. A. Tsenov Academy of Economics – Svishtov, Department of Finance and Credit Abstract: To accelerate Bulgaria's economic development taking into account the specific characteristics of their regions is a serious challenge for the local governments in the country. The ongoing political and economic changes require a reassessment of the country's economic development. The aim of this study was to analyse the disparities among Bulgaria’s regions (de- fined in accordance with the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS)) by assessing the degree of economic, social and demographic chal- lenges they face and performing a multivariate comparative analysis with sets of statistically significant indicators. The analysis clearly outlines the bounda- ries of the regional disparities and the need to improve the country’s regional and cohesion policies. Key words: regional policy, differences, NUTS, taxonomic develop- ment measure. JEL: J11, O18, R11. * * * 1 Е-mail: [email protected] The author is a member of the target group of doctoral students who participated in activities and training within the implementation of project BG05M2OP001-2.009-0026-C01 ‘Capacity development of students, PhD students, post-doctoral students and young scientists from the Dimitar A. Tsenov Academy of Economics - Svishtov for innovative scientific and practical Research in the field of economics, administration and management’ funded by the Operational Program ‘Science and Education for Smart Growth’ co-financed by the Structural and Investment Funds of the European Union. The paper won first place in the ‘Doctoral Students’ category of the national competition ‘Young Economist 2018’.
    [Show full text]
  • General Information for Students
    General information for students: • Cost of living………………………………………………………………………………………………..……..2 • Accommodation………………………………………………………………………………………..…….….2 • Meals…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……..2 • Medical facilities………………………………………………………………………………………….…....3 • Facilities for special needs students….…………………………………………………………..……3 • Insurance……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….3 • Financial support for students…………………………………………………………………………….3 • Student affairs office………………………………………………………………………………………….3 • Learning facilities……………………………………………………………………………………………….5 • International programmes………………………………………………………………………...……...6 • Practical information for exchange students……………………………………………………...7 • Sports and leisure facilities……………………………………………………………………………....11 • Student associations………………………………………………………………………………..………..11 1 Cost of living The cost of living in Bulgaria (Sofia) is less expensive than other European countries and is defined mainly by room rental prices, and money spent on food, transport, spare time, books and materials. Monthly expenditure ranges from 700 BGN to 1000 BGN (approximately from 350 € to 500 €), mostly depending on the type of accommodation that you use. For the first few days, you will need pocket money mainly to cover accommodation costs, transport passes, food, etc. Accommodation There are plenty of large hotels in Sofia with all the usual conveniences, good service and prices between 60 and 300 Euro per night. There are cheaper hotels but offering less comfort. The best option for foreign students is to rent a flat on a monthly fee. There are many flats in the center of Sofia with central heating and phone offered. The rent for such a flat varies from 300 to 500 Euro monthly depending on its comfort and location. You can find such a flat in the newspapers or through an agency. There are two local newspapers where you can look for a flat at a relatively low cost and without a mediator- “Pozvanete” and “Sofia Dnes”. If you use an agency, be prepared to pay half or a whole monthly fee for the service.
    [Show full text]
  • Sofia Cinema Hotel BUSINESS PROPOSAL 14 March 2010
    Sofia Cinema Hotel BUSINESS PROPOSAL 14 March 2010 1. INTRODUCTION Quintessence BG (QBG) is pleased to submit this Business Proposal for the design, construction and operation of the proposed Sofia Cinema Hotel project in Sofia, Bulgaria. The purpose of this Business Proposal is to enable potential investors and/or financiers to gain an overview of the nature and parameters of the Sofia Cinema Hotel project in order to begin the process of informed decision making. To this end, we have compiled a description of the existing site and related local pemitting issues, as well as an overview of both the political/economic climate and the entertainment sector in the region. The latter section of the plan reviews the costings and timetable for design and construction of the hotel, and finally the projected operational concept, financial projections, and base alternative for implementation. New Concept The Hotel Room - Movie Theater Experience The movie theater is unique, for unlike any other building or space, it is designed to house some of the greatest products of the imagination - our passions, hopes, and fears. A converted to theater hotel room has personality and life all its own; a sense of excitement lures guests to the blaze of electric bulbs along the marquee, to the enticing posters outside the lobby. And when the curtains part, our window upon the universe opens wide, and the heart begins to beat a little faster. Movie Technology For The Hotel Guests Today's fascinating audio/video technology brings Sofia Cinema Hotel room the cinematic quality of the big screen experience.
    [Show full text]
  • (IEP) - 2018 (ARCHITECTURE) I Week - June 1’18 to June10’18
    GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY CENTRE FOR GLOBAL BUSINESS STUDIES (CGBS) INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE PROGRAM (IEP) - 2018 (ARCHITECTURE) I week - June 1’18 to June10’18 AT UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE, CIVIL ENGINEERING AND GEODESY (UACEG), SOFIA - BULGARIA INTRODUCTION: International Experience Program abbreviated as IEP is a step forward from GTU in the direction of becoming an “International Innovative University”. The program was initiated in 2011. Currently IEP is one of the largest student mobility programs offered by the technological universities of India. Since the inception of the program, more than 1500 students have been ben- efited through IEP. GTU has signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with more than 30 renowned universities of USA, Canada, Europe, Russia, Asia and Africa and now Europe. GTU students go for studies to the foreign universi- ties for 6 to 8 weeks during the summer. It is a comprehensive international ex- perience program designed exclusively for GTU students across the branches of Engineering, Management (MBA), Pharmacy and Computer Science (MCA) with a constant progress towards making sure that it gradually expands to all the other departments of the University. This year marks another such progressive step forward for Gujarat Technological University as the University has been successful in adding Architecture in the In- ternational Experience Program- 2018. Under this, students of final year of Bach- elor’s of Architecture were sent to the University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy(UACEG). UACEG is situated in Sofia - the capital city of an Eastern European country - BULGARIA. A month long International Experience Program started on the June 1st, 2018, from Ahmedabad was to continue till July 1st, 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Delivery and Returns Delivery Rates: We Strive to Offer an Unbeatable Service and Deliver Our Products Safely and Cost-Effectively
    Delivery and Returns Delivery rates: We strive to offer an unbeatable service and deliver our products safely and cost-effectively. Our main focus is serving our The delivery is performed by a third-party delivery service provider. customers’ needs with a combination of great design, quality products, value for money, respect for the environment and All orders under 20 kg are shipped by courier with door-to-door delivery service. outstanding service. Please read our Delivery terms and details before you complete your order. If you have any questions, we advise that you contact us at 080019889 and speak with one of our customer service associates. All orders over 20 kg are shipped by transport company with delivery to building address service. All orders are processed within 72 hours from the day following the day on which the order is confirmed and given to the courier or transport company for delivery. After the ordered goods are given to courier or transport company for delivery, we will send you a tracking number, which will allow you to check on their website for recent status. The delivery price is not included in the price of the goods. The transport and delivery cots depend on the weight and volume of the ordered items, the delivery area and any additional services (delivery to apartment entrance, etc.). The following delivery pricelist is applied. All prices are in Bulgarian Lev (BGN) with included VAT. 1. Delivery of samples and small packages up to 20 kg. Kilograms 0 - 1 kg. 1 - 3 kg. 3 - 6 kg. 6 - 10 kg.
    [Show full text]
  • BIO2CARE WP3 Deliverable (Activity 3.1)
    INTERREG V-A COOPERATION PROGRAMME GREECE – BULGARIA 2014 – 2020 Reinforcing Protected Areas Capacity through an Innovative Methodology for Sustainability – BIO2CARE – (Reg. No: 1890) WP3 Deliverable 3.1 One (1) study collecting information and producing knowledge regarding anthropogenic activities and status of nature (incl. SWOT analysis) of the areas The sole responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Communities. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Deliverable 3.1 Project Acronym: BIO2CARE -1- INTERREG V-A CP Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................................... 2 Chapter 1: Introduction – Definition of study areas and their significance .................................................. 4 Chapter 2: Study Area 1- National Park of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace (GR) ....................................... 11 2.1 Status of Nature of Study Area 1 .......................................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 Geographical characteristics .............................................................................................................. 11 2.1.2 Flora ..................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Business Mission NL-SMOLYAN REGION, BULGARIA 2017 “Various Sectors, Business Region ‘SMOLYAN REGION, BULGARIA”
    from to Business mission NL-SMOLYAN REGION, BULGARIA 2017 “various sectors, business region ‘SMOLYAN REGION, BULGARIA” Business mission from 20th November – 24rd November 2017 TryAder International is organizing in cooperation with “The Business Knowledge Society” and various official authorities an important Business mission to the Smolyan Region in Bulgaria from 20 nov. t/m 24 nov. 2017. Entrepreneurs who do not do any business with Bulgaria can also receive a subsidy, as being a financial support to start up international business. (The flight from Bulgarian Air will leave on 20th of November 2017) Bulgaria and the Smolyan Region : Bulgaria (Bulgarian: България, Balgarija), officialy de Republic of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Република България,Repoeblika Balgarija), is a country in the Southeast of Europe, situated in the east of the Balkan and south of the river the Donau. The country has a population of approx.7.144.653 inhabitants and a land area of approx.110.900 km². Sofia is the capital city and with more than 1,2 million inhabitants the biggest city of the country. Other important cities are Varna, Burgas and ofcourse SMOLYAN . (the most important ports of Bulgaria on the Black Sea are, Plovdiv en Roese) . Smolyan is a city in the south of Bulgaria and the capital city of the oblast Smolyan. The city is situated in the valley of the white and black river at the feet of the Rodope mountains near to the popular ski resorts Pamporovo and Tsjepelare and next to Greece. The country's name, Bulgaria is taken from the word, Bulgars, an extinct tribe of Turkic origin, which created the country.
    [Show full text]
  • Justification for the Works Concession for “Civil Airport for Public Use Sofia” – Public State Property
    JUSTIFICATION FOR THE WORKS CONCESSION FOR “CIVIL AIRPORT FOR PUBLIC USE SOFIA” – PUBLIC STATE PROPERTY The justification for the works concession for site “Civil Airport for Public Use Sofia” – public state property has been drafted on the grounds of Art. 58 of the Concessions Act. The justification is a result of the preparatory actions, ensured by the Minister of Transport, Information Technology and Communications, Grantor, pursuant to Art. 43b, Para 3 of the Civil Aviation Act in connection with Art. 39, Para 1 of the Concessions Act. In the course of the preparatory work the Minister of Transport, Information Technology and Communications has made assignments and as a result of that technical, financial and economic, legal, environmental and social analyses have been developed. The analyses are in implementation of a Agreement for Advisory Services, signed on 25 October 2017 between the Ministry of Transport, Information Technology and Communications, as a Client/Grantor and the International Financial Corporation (IFC), part of the World Bank Group, as a Agreementor, in partnership with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). The purpose of the justification for awarding a works concession for a site “Civil Airport for Public Use Sofia” – public state property, is to justify the lawfulness and advisability of the concession, as well as of the decision for opening the procedure. I. ADVISABILITY OF THE CONCESSION 1. A main priority in the field of transport in the Governance Program of the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria for the 2017 – 2021 period: Efficient maintaining, modernizing and developing transport infrastructure, attracting investments and improving the safety and security of the transport sector are among the main priorities in the field of transport in the Governance Program of the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria for the 2017 – 2021 period.
    [Show full text]