12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
April 23-26, 2018 Coral Springs, Florida, USA
www.conference.ifas.ufl.edu/biogeo2018 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
About the Symposium
Wetland biogeochemistry is dynamic and involves cycling or exchange or flux of materials between living and non-living components of an ecosystem. Biogeochemistry is an interdisciplinary science which includes the study of interactive biological, geological and chemical processes regulating the fate and transport of nutrients and contaminants in soil, water and atmospheric components of an ecosystem. Biogeochemistry also provides a framework to integrate physical, chemical and biological processes functioning in an ecosystem at various spatial and temporal scales. This international symposium provides a framework for scientists to share technical information on various topics related to coupled biogeochemical cycling of macro-elements and associated organic and inorganic contaminants. The goal is to improve our understanding of the role wetlands perform in regulating and mitigating impacts of global climate change and sea level rise.
2 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Table of Contents
About the Symposium...... 2 Welcome Letter from Conference Chairs...... 5 Committee & Organizer Recognition...... 6 Sponsor Recognition...... 7 Sponsor Descriptions...... 8 Plenary Sessions...... 10 Biographies...... 12 Post-Conference Field Trip...... 15 Agenda-at-a-Glance...... 16 Detailed Agenda...... 17 Poster Display Information...... 26 Poster Directory...... 27 PDHs for Engineers and Continuing Education...... 30 Additional Information...... 31 Abstract Compilation...... 33 Notes...... 192
3
April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA Welcome Letter Greetings and Welcome to Coral Springs!
The Wetland Biogeochemistry Laboratory, a research unit within the UF/IFAS Soil and Water Sciences Department, is very excited to host the 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands, April 23-26, 2018. We welcome your participation in this symposium.
The objective of this international symposium is to provide a framework for scientists to discuss new topics related to biogeochemistry of nutrients and other contaminants in freshwater and coastal wetlands. The focus of the symposium will be on “Protecting the Future of Water." Wetland systems serve as sinks, sources and transformers of nutrients and other chemical contaminants and therefore can have a significant impact on water quality and productivity of ecosystems. The primary driver of these processes is ecosystem biogeochemistry, and includes the intersection of chemical, physical and biological processes in the soil and water column. These processes operate at various spatial and temporal scales. Our location here in Coral Springs, Florida can’t help but remind us of the fragile nature of our wetland systems. South Florida’s Everglades, recognized internationally, encompasses nearly 18,000 square miles of the southern tip of the Florida peninsula – from the Kissimmee River basin all the way south to the shores of Florida Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. Historically this vast, free-flowing, shallow river of grass provided clean water and pristine habitats, supported numerous wading and migratory birds, as well as Florida Panthers, manatees and deer. However, the system has been widely impacted by levees, canal-associated drainage projects and nutrient loading, primarily phosphorus. We hope you will take an opportunity to see this amazing wetland in person while you are here.
While listening to the exciting research being presented, remember that the International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands is an opportunity for all of us to meet new colleagues, reunite with old ones, and learn what research is ongoing around the globe. The Conference Planning and Program Committees worked diligently to develop a wide ranging and inclusive lineup of talks and posters focused on wetland biogeochemistry. We hope you enjoy the program of presentations and have an opportunity to teach others about what you do and where you work.
Finally, a few words of appreciation. We would like to first thank our generous Sponsors listed on page 7, whose financial support is critical to making this conference a reality. We are also grateful to those who gave of their time and expertise to organize and moderate sessions, and to share their expertise with us. Further, we would be remiss without thanking all of the many individuals recognized on page 6, who volunteered their personal time and energy to organize and plan this conference. And of course, we would also like to thank those who submitted abstracts, are giving talks and are presenting posters. Were it not for you and the work you do, we would not have had the privilege of organizing such a great symposium.
Have a great week, enjoy yourself, and when you leave, we trust you will take away new information, new connections, and new tools and knowledge you can use to advance wetland science in your respective corners of the globe.
Best regards,
Todd Z. Osborne John R. White Conference Chair Conference Co-Chair Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience Oceanography & Coastal Sciences Department University of Florida Louisiana State University
5 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands Committee & Organizer Recognition
Planning Committee
Dr. Todd Z. Osborne, Conference Chair, Assistant Professor, UF/IFAS Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, St. Augustine, FL, USA
Dr. John R. White, Conference Co-Chair, Professor, Louisiana State University, Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Dr. K. Ramesh Reddy, Conference Advisor, Graduate Research Professor and Chair, UF/IFAS Soil and Water Sciences Department, Gainesville, FL, USA
Program Committee and Session Organizers
Professionals from the wetlands biogeochemistry science community organized sessions on topics relevant to their restoration programs. This process took several months and numerous volunteer hours. We would like to thank the following individuals for their time, effort and expertise on behalf of the symposium.
Session # Organizers
1, 4 Dr. Patrick Megonigal, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
2 Dr. David Krabbenhoft, U.S. Geological Survey, Middleton, WI, USA
3 Dr. Ilka Feller, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA
5, 8 Dr. Patrick Inglett, University of Florida, Soil and Water Sciences Department, Gainesville, FL, USA
6 Dr. Lauren Kinsman-Costello, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
7 Dr. Sue Newman, South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), West Palm Beach, FL, USA
9 Prof. Curtis Richardson, Duke University Wetland Center, Durham, NC, USA – and – Dr. Jeff Chanton, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
10, 14, 18 Dr. Gail Chmura, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
11 Dr. Todd Osborne, University of Florida, Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, St. Augustine, FL, USA
12 Ms. Kimberli Ponzio, St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD), Palatka, FL, USA
16 Dr. John White, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
20 Dr. Odi Villapando, South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), West Palm Beach, FL, USA
23 Dr. Anna Knox, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC, USA
24 Dr. Jacob Berkowitz, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS, USA
6 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA Sponsor Recognition
Thank you to all of the organizations that supported this premier event. This symposium would not be possible with you.
Silver Sponsors
DB Environmental, Inc. Louisiana Sea Grant Louisiana State University | College of the Coast & Environment OTT Hydromet Picarro, Inc. University of Central Florida | National Center for Integrated Coastal Research University of Florida Office of Research UF/IFAS Research UF/IFAS Soil & Water Sciences Department
Bronze Sponsors
City of Orlando University of Florida, Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience
7 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands Sponsor Descriptions
Please join us in thanking all of our sponsors for investing their time, resources and finances in support of the symposium. We could not have done it without you.
Silver Sponsors
DB Environmental, Inc. DB Environmental, Inc., (DBE) is a wetland research firm with substantial expertise in aquatic biogeochemistry, hydrology and modeling. For decades, DBE has been a key scientific consultant on some of the world’s largest and most prominent wetlands treatment. DBE’s problem-solving efforts for both government and private clients have included enhancement of vegetation communities, development of long-term soil management practices, and optimization of hydraulic and water quality characteristics.
Louisiana State University (LSU) College of the Coast & Environment www.lsu.edu/cce/ LSU is at the forefront of coastal environmental issues. Its coastal legacy dates back three-quarters of a century. Consulting and collaborating on coastal research on every continent, the College of the Coast & Environment equips graduates with multi-disciplinary tools to address real-world issues, and leads research to better understand the causes, impacts (unanticipated, forecasted, and actual) and restoration strategies for today’s most pressing coastal and environmental challenges/threats.
Louisiana Sea Grant www.laseagrant.org/ Louisiana Sea Grant, based at Louisiana State University, is part of the National Sea Grant Program, a network made up of 33 programs located in each of the coastal and Great Lakes states and Puerto Rico. Sea Grant Programs work individually and in partnership to address major marine and coastal challenges. LSU was designated the nation’s thirteenth Sea Grant College in 1978. Louisiana Sea Grant had its Program Review in October 2015, conducted by the National Sea Grant Office/NOAA, and LSG was rated as “exceeds expectations by a substantial margin in some areas/aspects.”
OTT Hydromet www.ott.com Designing answers by providing sustainable solutions that go beyond the expectations of Hydromet professionals to support them in making informed decisions for caring for the world’s water resources and forecasting surface weather. OTT Hydromet Group offers the combined strength and expertise of leaders in the fields of General Meteorology, Weather Critical Operations, as well as Water quality and Quantity.
Picarro, Inc. www.picarro.com Picarro is the world's leading provider of stable isotope and gas concentration measurement systems for many scientific applications. The ultra-precise and easy-to-use instruments are deployed across the globe offering unmatched performance and enabling scientists around the world to measure GHGs, trace gases and stable isotopes found in the air, water, and land.
8 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
University of Central Florida (UCF) National Center for Integrated Coastal Research www.ucf.edu/faculty/cluster/sustainable-coastal-systems/ The mission of the National Center for Integrated Coastal Research is to assess natural and human-related impacts to the health, restoration, and sustainability of coastal systems; conduct long-term, integrated, multi-disciplinary research with strategic external partners; communicate findings in an effective and efficient way; communicate information to the general public; and train the next generation of scientists to enter the workforce as science emissaries, with interdisciplinary skills.
UF/IFAS Research www.research.ifas.ufl.edu/ The research mission of UF/IFAS, conducted under the auspices of the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station (FAES), is to discover new scientific knowledge, encourage innovative study and create applications based on sound science that address challenges facing agriculture, natural resources, and interrelated human systems in Florida, our country, and the world.
UF/IFAS Soil & Water Sciences Department www.soils.ifas.ufl.edu/ Soil and water are vital resources in urban, agricultural, and natural ecosystems. The Soil and Water Sciences Department (SWSD) provides highly visible leadership in teaching, research, and extension/outreach programs as related to improving the productivity of agriculture with environmentally sound management practices, improving water quality, and protection and conservation of natural resources. Our department is one of the few in the nation that offers comprehensive research and educational programs (molecular to landscape level) involving terrestrial, wetlands and aquatic ecosystems of the landscape. In addition to traditional on-campus educational programs, we use innovative e-technologies to offer educational programs to place-bound students. Our graduates and postdoctoral fellows are well placed at universities, state and federal agencies, and private industry.
UF Office of Research www.research.ufl.edu/ Research at UF plays a significant role in advancing our fundamental understanding of the universe, generating creative breakthroughs that lead to technologies with positive benefit, creating opportunities for economic growth in the state, and changing the trajectory of young people through education. The Office of Research is committed to facilitating the research and scholarship successes of our faculty and students by creating effective collisions between researchers and funding opportunities, marketing our research capabilities to collaborators and funding agencies, and forging institutional relationships with external stakeholders. Bronze Sponsors
City of Orlando www.cityoforlando.net/wetlands/ The City of Orlando’s Water Reclamation Division owns and operates the Orlando Easterly Wetlands, which is one of the first large scale constructed wetland treatment systems designed to polish reclaimed water. The City of Orlando and the Orlando Easterly Wetlands are proud to sponsor the 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands.
University of Florida Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience www.whitney.ufl.edu/ The University of Florida Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, located in St. Augustine, FL, uses marine models to study fundamental problems in biology and then applies that knowledge to issues of human health, natural resources and the environment. We do this by performing research in 10 faculty led labs, training future scientists, promoting and providing lifelong learning and advancing conservation through our Sea Turtle Hospital and Oyster Restoration Initiative, and other environmental programs.
9 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands Plenary Sessions
Tuesday, April 24, 2018 8:30am – 10:00am | Royal Poinciana
Welcome Address Jack M. Payne, Ph.D. Senior Vice President for Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Gainesville, FL, USA
Plenary Presentation Coastal Environmental Settings as a Model to Explain Global Controls of Carbon Storage in Mangroves Robert R. Twilley, Ph.D. Executive Director, Louisiana Sea Grant College Program Professor, Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA, USA Presentation Description
Mangrove forests are found in dynamic coastal landforms controlled by physical forcings (e.g. river, tides and waves) and geomorphic evolutionary processes (e.g. rate and source of sediment input, and rate of relative sea-level change). Combined, these processes create a range of clastic coastal environments spanning from prograding to transgressive embayed shorelines. Dr. Twilley’s presentation will discuss how the environmental drivers - wave power, tidal and fluvial processes - along with regional climate, produce conspicuous coastal environmental settings, including deltas, estuaries, lagoons and karstic landforms. Built on the ecogeomorphogy framework, the coastal environmental setting approach recognizes hydrology, geomorphology, and climate as main components to macrosystem-scale variation in coastal wetland’s ecological processes. Hence, each coastal setting has a conspicuous environmental signature that controls both the type and rate of sediment supply to the coastline, nutrient load and limitation (e.g. nitrogen-to-phosphorus stoichiometric ratio), organic matter diagenesis, and, ultimately, C storage in vegetation (above- and belowground biomass) and soil pools. This presentation will further discuss how considering nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) density in soils may represent conditions limiting macrosystem-scale C stocks, C-N-P stoichiometric interactions may enhance or weaken the carbon-climate feedback. Thus, reconciling site-specific mechanisms regulating C:N:P stoichiometry with macrosystem-scale processes in mangrove ecosystems is key to advance conceptual models that can improve our capacity to predict global C stocks and rates of sequestration in these and other coastal wetlands.
10 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Wednesday, April 25, 2018 8:30am – 10:00am | Royal Poinciana
Impacts of Hurricane Irma on the Everglades and South Florida Ecosystem Nick G. Aumen, Ph.D. Regional Science Advisor - South Florida Center for Collaborative Research, US Geological Survey Davie, FL, USA
Plenary Presentation Carbon Remineralization and Burial in the Coastal Margin: Linkages in the Anthropocene Thomas S. Bianchi, Ph.D. Jon and Beverly Thompson Endowed Chair of Geological Sciences Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA Presentation Description
Continental margin systems collectively receive and store vast amounts of organic carbon (OC) derived from primary productivity both on land and in the ocean, thereby playing a central role in the global carbon cycle. The land-ocean interface is however extremely heterogeneous in terms of terrigenous inputs, marine primary productivity, sediment transport processes and, depositional conditions such as bottom water oxygen levels. Continental margins are also highly dynamic, with processes occurring over a broad range of spatial and temporal scales. The rates of organic carbon burial and oxidation are consequently variable over both space and time, hindering our ability to derive a global picture of OC cycling at the land-ocean interface. In this presentation, Dr. Bianchi will review the processes controlling the fate of organic matter in continental margin sediments with a special emphasis on “hot spots” and “hot moments” of OC burial and oxidation. In addition, he will present a compilation of compositional data from a set of illustrative settings, including fjords, small mountainous river margins, large deltaic systems and upwelling areas.
11 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands Biographies Symposium Chairs
Todd Z. Osborne, Ph.D., Conference Chair Assistant Professor of Coastal Biogeochemistry University of Florida, Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience St. Augustine, FL, USA
My interest in environmental science was catalyzed by continual exposure to the wonders of the natural world at a young age which, in turn, led to degrees in biology, environmental engineering and biogeochemistry. As a faculty member at the Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience in St. Augustine, FL, I seek to meld my scientific interests and training with a lifelong passion for the environment. Arguably, there is no better way to do this than to investigate the intricate ecological processes that define coastal ecosystems.
Estuaries lie at the nexus of freshwaters (rivers, streams, wetlands) and the ocean. These incredibly complex and ecologically important ecosystems are experiencing effects of global climate change in ways that we are only just beginning to understand. Defining the biogeochemical processes and the resulting cascade of ecological effects that climate change brings to our coastal ecosystems is at the center of my research focus. Carbon sequestration, mangrove range expansion and coastal eutrophication are issues of great importance locally and globally and are thus the priority areas of interests for my research program. In addition to estuarine research, I have been very active in the Everglades Restoration arena in the last 15 years and maintain active research in that incredible ecosystem. A co-appointment in the Soil and Water Sciences Department at the University of Florida affords me the opportunity to continue research in many diverse aspects of the Florida Everglades, from agriculture and nutrient management to landscape biogeochemical cycles.
John R. White, Ph.D., Conference Co-Chair John and Catherine Day Professor of Oceanography & Coastal Sciences Wetland & Aquatic Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA, USA
My research interests in the environment were forged at an early age as I wandered along the beaches of New England collecting rocks and sand dollars, which eventually led to degrees in Geology, Geological Oceanography and Soil and Water Science. At LSU for the past 14 years, I am engaged in research in a coastal setting that intersects the largest river discharge deltaic system in North America with the largest coastal marsh system in the lower 48 states. A high relative sea level rise rate, due to coupled global eustatic sea level and regional subsidence, has led to a dramatic loss of coastal wetland area. This dynamic setting, from freshwater to brackish to marine, allows us to investigate natural and anthropogenic stressors on biogeochemical functions including carbon sequestration, water quality function, greenhouse gas release rates, primary production and phosphorus cycling in the context of wetland creation, wetland restoration and coastal hypoxia.
The results of this research are used to inform policy makers as part of the Coastal Restoration Program in Louisiana on effective measures as the state seeks to overcome almost of century of coastal land loss. I currently serve as the Associate Director of the Coastal Studies Institute at LSU, on the Governor’s Steering Committee on the State Master Plan for Louisiana and on the US Environmental Protection Agency Board of Scientific Counselors for Safe and Sustainable Water Resources.
12 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Plenary Speakers
Nicholas G. Aumen, Ph.D. Regional Science Advisor - South Florida Center for Collaborative Research, U.S. Geological Survey Davie, FL, USA
Dr. Nick Aumen is Regional Science Advisor for the US Geological Survey (Southeast Region), overseeing the Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Sciences program. This program, involving USGS scientists nationwide, provides high quality science in support of Everglades restoration. Nick was an aquatic ecologist for 15 years with Everglades National Park, leading an interagency team of scientists tracking restoration progress. Prior to his National Park Service position, Nick was the Research Director at the South Florida Water Management District, directing a team of 120-plus scientists conducting research in support of ecosystem restoration. Nick received his B.S. and M.S. in biology at the University of West Florida, and his Ph.D. in microbial ecology at Oregon State University. He was a faculty member in the Biology Department at the University of Mississippi, and was a tenured Associate Professor of Biology when he returned to Florida. Nick presently is an affiliate faculty member at Florida Atlantic University (Department of Geosciences), and at the University of Florida (Soil and Water Sciences Department). He also served five years on the national Board of Directors of the Sierra Club, a 120-yr-old environmental organization with more than 750,000 members, and served two terms as its Vice-President and one as Treasurer.
Thomas S. Bianchi, Ph.D. Jon and Beverly Thompson Endowed Chair of Geological Sciences Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA
Dr. Tom Bianchi is a full professor and holder of the Jon and Beverly Thompson Endowed Chair in Geological Sciences at the University of Florida (UF), Gainesville, Florida. Before joining UF I held full professor positions at Tulane University and Texas A&M University. My general areas of expertise are organic geochemistry, chemical oceanography, and global carbon cycling in aquatic ecosystems. I have published over 210 articles in refereed journals and am sole and/or co-author of 7 books, with another book on Chemical Oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico - due out in 2018. I am currently Editor-in-Chief of the journal Marine Chemistry, and have served as an Associate Editor for numerous other journals. I am the recipient of two Fulbright Research Awards, became a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 2012, and in 2017 was named Geochemical Fellow of the Geochemical Society (GS) and The European Association of Geochemistry (EAG), and Fellow of the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO).
Many of the central issues in research concerning global climate change involve understanding the exchange and transport of organic and inorganic pools of carbon – in the context of the global carbon budget. If we are to successfully balance and model global carbon fluxes, it is important to understand the dynamics of carbon cycling in the most productive environments. In general, the most productive environments are located in land-margin ecosystems such as watershed soils, freshwater, and marine coastal systems. During the past few years my research has centered on organic carbon cycling from source-to-sink with work focused on the transport of soils in watersheds of large river systems to coastal environments. Dr. Bianchi has used state-of-the-art techniques to determine the role of terrestrial versus aquatic carbon sources in the overall carbon cycles of these ecosystems.
13 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Jack M. Payne, Ph.D. Senior Vice President for Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Gainesville, FL, USA
Jack Payne is the Senior Vice President for Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Florida and the Administrative Head for the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. Prior to his current position he served as a Vice President at Iowa State University, and, previous to Iowa State, he was a Vice President and Dean at Utah State University. Jack also has experience at two other land-grant institutions: Pennsylvania State University, where he served on the faculty of the School of Forest Resources, and, later, at Texas A&M University, where he served as a faculty member in the Fisheries and Wildlife Department.
After leaving Texas A&M University, Payne had a long career with Ducks Unlimited (DU), as their National Director of Conservation. While at Ducks Unlimited, some of his successes included the development of DU’s private lands program with agriculture, the development of a national conservation easement program and the expansion of their Mexican program to Central and South America.
Payne received his M.S. in Aquatic Ecology and his Ph.D. in Wildlife Ecology from Utah State University and is a graduate of the Institute for Educational Management at Harvard University. He is a tenured professor in the Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation at the University of Florida.
Robert R. Twilley, Ph.D. Executive Director, Louisiana Sea Grant College Program Professor, Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University President, Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation (CERF) Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Dr. Twilley is Executive Director of Louisiana Sea Grant College Program and professor in the Department of Oceanography and Coastal Science at LSU. For the past two years, Robert has served as President-of Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation, an international organization of scientists and managers that focus on coastal issues. In 2017, Dr. Twilley received the National Wetlands Award in Science Research, presented at the Botanic Gardens in Washington DC by the Environmental Law Institute. At LSU, Dr. Twilley has been a Distinguished Professor in Oceanography and Coastal Science, served as Associate Vice Chancellor of Research, Director of the Wetland Biogeochemistry Institute, and founder of the LSU Coastal Sustainability Studio. During his tenure at University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Robert served as Vice President of Research, was a Distinguished Professor in Biology Department, and developed the UL Lafayette Center for Ecology and Environmental Technology.
Robert Twilley has developed a career balancing productive contributions in university research, leadership in university program development, and science communication associated with public policy concerning the value of ecosystem restoration. Robert also served the state of Louisiana in several capacities as science advisor to coastal restoration planning projects including Louisiana Coastal Area (LCA) plan, 2007 and 2012 Louisiana Coastal Master Plans, and regional planning following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita known at Louisiana Speaks. He initiated the development of the Coastal Emergency Risk Assessment (CERA) software to visualize storm surge forecasts of coastal flooding associated with tropical cyclones. Robert Twilley has been instrumental in developing strong communication and collaboration with several state, federal and non-governmental organizations (NGO) in supporting the role of science in large scale ecosystem restoration projects. He has testified in several US House and Senate subcommittee hearings and worked with staff from several congressional and state subcommittees, along with briefings to EPA, CEQ, OSTP, DOI, NOAA and OMB to develop policy for coastal restoration programs.
14 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA Post-Conference Field Trip Loxahatchee Impoundment Landscape Assessment (LILA) 10216 Lee Road Boynton Beach, FL 33437
Thursday, April 26, 2018 | 12:00 PM – 5:30 PM | Cost to Participate: $50.00 [Limited to 15 people]
Description The Loxahatchee Impoundment Landscape Assessment (LILA) is located on the grounds of the Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge in Boynton Beach, Florida. LILA is a working, 80-acre model of the Everglades ecosystem. This “living laboratory” gives experts an opportunity to research and apply restoration techniques on a small, controlled scale before taking them into the 1.7 million-acre Everglades ecosystem.
Field Trip Itinerary
Thursday, April 26, 2018
12:00 PM Immediately after closing plenary, go to the bus loading zone at Marriott [Conference Center Entrance]
12:15 PM Board Bus and Depart
1:00 PM Stop at Visitor Center for Overview of Refuge and LILA
1:15 PM Welcome Introduction and Overview to the Refuge
1:30 PM Begin Walking Tour around LILA
2:45 PM Arrive at canoe outpost - sign out canoes and life jackets
3:00 PM Canoe into the Refuge
Bus picks group up at canoe outpost 4:15 PM Pit-stop at Visitor Center before departure
4:45 PM Depart for Hotel
5:30 PM Arrive at Coral Springs Marriott
We Provide: Transportation, lunch, refreshments and canoe rental with life jacket.
You Bring: Sunscreen, insect repellent, water bottle, old tennis shoes or water shoes that can get wet. Light clothing that dries quickly is ideal. Weather will be hot – dress accordingly. You may also want to bring a camera and binoculars. LILA tours entail about a 1.5 mile walk and include a tour of two tree islands and a walk around two macrocosms. Comfortable shoes are a must!
15 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands Agenda-at-a-Glance
Monday, April 23, 2018 4:00pm-6:00pm Poster Presenters and Sponsors Set Up Displays (Orchid Ballroom)
4:00pm-7:00pm Registration Open (Conference Center Foyer and Palm Room)
6:00pm-8:00pm Welcome Reception (Breeze’s Terrace) Tuesday, April 24, 2018 7:30am-8:30am Morning Refreshments (Orchid Ballroom)
7:30am-5:00pm Registration Open (Conference Center Foyer and Palm Room)
8:30am-10:00am Opening General Session (Royal Poinciana)
12noon Lunch Buffet (Orchid Ballroom and Breeze’s Terrace)
10:30am-5:00pm Three Concurrent Sessions (Royal Poinciana, Ibis and Egret)
5:00pm-7:00pm Poster Session Reception (Orchid Ballroom) Wednesday, April 25, 2018 7:30am-8:30am Morning Refreshments (Orchid Ballroom)
7:30am-5:00pm Registration Open (Conference Center Foyer and Palm Room)
8:30am-10:00am General Session (Royal Poinciana)
12noon Lunch Buffet (Orchid Ballroom and Breeze’s Terrace)
10:30am-5:00pm Four Concurrent Sessions (Royal Poinciana, Ibis, Egret & Sandpiper)
5:00pm-7:00pm Poster Session Reception (Orchid Ballroom) Thursday, April 26, 2018 7:30am-8:30am Morning Refreshments (Orchid Ballroom)
7:30am-12noon Registration Open (Conference Center Foyer and Palm Room)
8:30am-10:00am Three Concurrent Sessions (Royal Poinciana, Ibis & Egret)
10:00am-10:30am Poster Presenters and Sponsors Remove Displays
10:30am-12noon Closing General Session (Royal Poinciana)
12noon Symposium Concludes
Optional Post-Conference Field Trip to Loxahatchee Impoundment Landscape 12:00noon-5:30pm Assessment (LILA). Shuttle departs from Conference Center Entrance.
16 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA Detailed Agenda
Monday, April 23, 2018
Poster Presenters and Sponsors Set Up Displays 4:00pm-6:00pm [Conference Center - Orchid Ballroom] Symposium Registration Open 4:00pm-7:00pm [Conference Center - Palm Foyer] Welcome Reception on Breeze’s Terrace 6:00pm-8:00pm (Please plan to arrive in time to join us!)
Tuesday, April 24, 2018
Symposium Registration Open 7:30am-5:00pm [Conference Center - Palm Foyer] 7:30am-8:30am Morning Refreshments in Poster & Sponsor Display Area
Opening General Session [Royal Poinciana]
Introductory Remarks 8:30am Dr. Todd Osborne, Assistant Professor, University of Florida/IFAS Soil and Water Sciences Department, Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, St. Augustine, FL, USA -and- Dr. John White, Professor, Louisiana State University, Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
Welcome Address 8:45am Dr. Jack Payne, Senior Vice President for Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Florida/IFAS, Gainesville, FL, USA
Plenary Presentation Coastal Environmental Settings as a Model to Explain Global Controls of Carbon Storage in Mangroves 9:00am Dr. Robert Twilley, Executive Director, Louisiana Sea Grant College Program Professor, Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
AM Refreshment Break in Poster & Sponsor Display Area 10:00am-10:30am [Conference Center - Orchid Ballroom]
17 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Tuesday, April 24, 2018 (continued)
Concurrent Sessions [10:30am - 12:00noon] Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Royal Poinciana Ibis Egret New and Emerging Tools Methane and Nitrous and Techniques for the Shifts in Foundation Oxide Cycling in Wetlands Study of Biogeochemistry Species and Upland Forests (Part 1) in Wetlands Pat McGonigal David Krabbenhoft Ilka Feller 10:30am Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Sunitha Pangala Brian Bergamaschi Samantha Chapman Large Methane Emissions Tidal Wetland Warming Facilitates from Amazon Floodplain Biogeochemistry in High Mangrove Encroachment 10:35am Trees Definition: Using High- and Alters Belowground Frequency Measurements Processes to Estimate Biogeochemical Rates Kristofer Covey Collin Eagles-Smith Catherine Lovelock Methane in Upland Forest Flow Cytometry as a Fluctuating Sea Level and Trees Novel, Rapid, Screening Habitat Change in Western 10:50am and Research Tool For Australia Methylmercury Production Activity in Aquatic Ecosystems Mari Pihlatie Sarah Janssen Loraé Simpson Plant-Mediated Methane From Cellular to Global: Effects of Nutrient and Canopy Exchange in a Using Mercury Stable Enrichment on the Carbon 11:05am Boreal Upland Forest Isotopes to Understand Dynamics in the Salt Marsh Mercury Cycling and - Mangrove Ecotone Sources Kazuhiko Terazawa Brett Poulin Anne Ola Vertical Patterns of CH4 Molecular- and Atomic- The Roots of Blue Carbon Emission along Tree Stems Level Approaches to in Mangrove Forests: The 11:20am of Alnus japonica and Characterize Dissolved Effects of Soil Properties on Fraxinus mandshurica Organic Matter: Insights for Stilt Root Development in Mercury Bioavailability in Rhizophora stylosa the Florida Everglades Joost van Haren William Orem Emily Dangremond Large Methane Emissions Methods of Sulfur Extreme Events and 11:35am from Palm Stems in Analysis in Wetlands and Historical Regime Shifts in Amazonian Peat and Flood Applications to Studies of the Mangrove-Salt Marsh Lands Mercury Biogeochemistry Ecotone 11:50am Q&A Q&A Q&A 12noon-1:30pm Group Luncheon Buffet
18 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Tuesday, April 24, 2018 (continued)
Concurrent Sessions [1:30pm - 3:00pm] Session 4 Session 5 Session 6 Royal Poinciana Ibis Egret Methane and Nitrous Wetland Enzymes in a The Novel Biogeochemistry Oxide Cycling in Wetlands Changing Environment of Ubiquitous Understudied and Upland Forests (Part 2) (Part 1) Urban Wetlands Sunitha Pangala Patrick Inglett Ashley Smyth 1:30pm Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Pat Megonigal Colin Jackson Alexander Reisinger Methane Emissions from What Controls Microbial Challenges of Connectivity 1:35pm both Wetland and Upland Enzyme Activity in Within Urban Landscapes: Trees across a Flooding Wetlands? Examples From The Gradient Baltimore Ecosystem Study Zhiping Wang Patrick Inglett Lauren Kinsman-Costello Methane Emissions from Warming Rate Drives Urban Stormwater 1:50pm the Stems of Living Trees in Microbial Nutrient Wetlands As Novel Upland Forests Limitation and Enzyme Biogeochemical Systems: Expression Elevated Salt and Sulfate Rodrigo Vargas Hojeong Kang Eban Bean Automated Measurements PH Controls Phenol Oxidase A Little Retro: Valuing 2:05pm of CO2, CH4, and N2O and DOC Leaching From an Undersized Urban Fluxes from Tree Stems and Global Peatland Stormwater Wetland Adjacent Soils Retrofit Paul Brewer Chris Freeman Ariane Peralta High-Frequency Tree Sequestering Carbon in How Do We Manage CH4 Flux Measurements Wetlands Through Enzyme Microbiomes to Promote 2:20pm Reveal Relationships Suppression Urban Wetland Functions? with Tree Physiology and Environmental Properties Christopher Schadt Monica Palta Methanogenic Archaea Accidental Urban Wetlands: 2:35pm Dominate Mature Populus Biogeochemical Processes deltoides Heartwood Q&A in Unexpected Places Habitats 2:50pm Q&A Q&A PM Refreshment Break in Poster & Sponsor Display Area 3:00pm-3:30pm [Conference Center - Orchid Ballroom]
19 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Tuesday, April 24, 2018 (continued)
Concurrent Sessions [3:30pm - 5:00pm] Session 7 Session 8 Session 9 Royal Poinciana Ibis Egret Agents and Causes of Methane and Nitrous Wetland Enzymes in a Peat Stability and GHG Oxide Cycling in Wetlands Changing Environment Ratios Across Moisture, and Upland Forests (Part 3) (Part 2) Temperature & Latitude Gradients Curtis Richardson and Jeff Dongqi Wang Kanika Inglett 3:30pm Chanton Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Ashley Smyth Stephanie T. Castle Jeff Chanton Time Series Soil Oxygen Linking Microbial A Global Latitudinal Data Help Identify Hot Extracellular Enzyme Gradient in Peatland 3:35pm Spots and Hot Moments of Activities with Rates of Organic Matter Chemistry Greenhouse Gas Emissions Plant Litter Decay From Wetlands Dongqi Wang Nic Vermeulen Curtis Richardson Effects of Temperature Use of Bacterial Chemical Controls on Increasing On the Nitrous Transformation in Carbon Sequestration and 3:50pm Oxide Emission from Processing Non- GHG Flux Along A Boreal To Intertidal Area along the Biodegradeable Plastics Tropical Gradient East China Coast Jeroen De Klein Zuhair AlQulaiti Maite Martinez-Eixarch Greenhouse Gas Emissions Hydrological Variation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wetlands with Enzymic Decomposition in and Carbon Sequestration 4:05pm Different Vegetation Type Wetlands in Mediterranean Rice Fields and Wetlands: The Ebro Delta Case Iikka Haikarainen Kathleen Pietro Hongjun Wang Methane Fluxes of Trees Microbial Enzyme Activity Does An ‘Iron-Gate’ and Forest Floor under in a Stormwater Treatment Regulate Drought Effects On 4:20pm Two Different Water Level Ares in Response to Inflow Peat Decomposition? Condition in Forestry Flow Conditions Drained Peatland in Southern Finland Kanika Inglett Neal Flanagan Stoichiometric Controls of Thermal Alteration of Microbial Enzyme Activities Peat By Low-Severity Fire 4:35pm on Nutrient Cycling In Reduces Net Carbon Loss To Q&A Wetlands Microbial Respiration
4:50pm Q&A Q&A Poster Session Reception I 5:00pm-7:00pm (Poster presenters at ODD NUMBERED BOARDS to be available for questions and discussion from 6pm - 7pm.)
20 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Wednesday, April 25, 2018
Symposium Registration Open 7:30am-5:00pm [Conference Center - Palm Foyer] Morning Refreshments in Poster & Sponsor Display Area 7:30am-8:30am [Conference Center - Orchid Ballroom]
General Session [Royal Poinciana]
8:30am Introductory Remarks Dr. K. Ramesh Reddy, Graduate Research Professor and Chair, UF/IFAS Soil and Water Sciences Department, Gainesville, FL, USA
Impacts of Hurricane Irma on the Everglades and South Florida Ecosystem 8:40am Dr. Nick Aumen, Regional Science Advisor - South Florida, Center for Collaborative Research, U.S. Geological Survey, Davie, FL, USA
Plenary Presentation Carbon Remineralization and Burial in the Coastal Margin: Linkages in the Anthropocene 9:00am Dr. Thomas S. Bianchi, Jon and Beverly Thompson Endowed Chair of Geological Sciences, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
10:00am-10:30am AM Refreshment Break in Poster & Sponsor Display Area
21 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Wednesday, April 25, 2018 (continued)
Concurrent Sessions [10:30am - 12noon] Session 10 Session 11 Session 12 Session 13 Royal Poinciana Ibis Egret Sandpiper Blue Carbon: Improving Biogeochemical Responses Wetland Management Data Applied to IPCC to Saltwater Transgression Effects on Carbon Coastal Processes Emission Factors and Events in the Marine Sequestration and (Part 1) Carbon Markets (Part 1) Environment Greenhouse Gasses Gail Chmura Todd Osborne Kimberli Ponzio Loraé Simpson 10:30am Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Junsung Noh Jayantha Obeysekera Janet Ho John Nyman Capacity Change in Organic An Overview of Global and Characterizing How Nutrients Interact With Carbon Storage in Intertidal Regional Sea Level Rise Biogeochemical Shifts in Stresses, such as Flooding Flat During Drainage After Projections: Means and Two Shrub Encroached and Salinity, to Affect 10:35am Reclamation: Case Study in Extremes Marshes under Different Wetland Plant Growth and Saemangeum, Korea Historical Disturbance Leaf Tissue Stoichiometry Regimes in the St. Johns River, FL Gail Chmura Benjamin Wilson Dave Sumner Shelby Servais Blue Carbon Losses with Drivers and Mechanisms Role of Hydroperiod and Effects of Increased Salinity Salt Marsh Drainage of Peat Collapse in Coastal Fire on Carbon Dynamics of on Microbial Processing of 10:50am Wetlands a Subtropical Peat Marsh Carbon and Nutrients in Brackish and Freshwater Wetland Soils Andre Rovai Lisa Chambers Brian Benscoter Katie Bowes Global Controls of Carbon Short-Term Response of Shifting Fire Regimes and Sediment Phosphorus Storage in Mangrove Soils Freshwater Wetland Soils to the Future of Peatland Speciation and Distribution 11:05am Saltwater Intrusion Carbon Storage in Coastal LA Sediments: Implications for Hypoxia and Food Web Dynamics Guangcheng Chen Scott Neubauer Angelique Bochnak Joshua Papacek Considerations in Blue Persistent Saltwater Subsidy Stress Gradient in Have We Reached a New Carbon Accounting with Intrusion Alters Ecosystem a Peat-based Floodplain Normal?: Nutrient Cycling Mangrove Restoration - Carbon Cycling In Tidal Marsh and Bloom Dynamics in 11:20am Case Studies from South Freshwater Marshes: the Northern Indian River Fujian, China Comparison of Results from Lagoon In Situ Manipulations in Virginia and South Carolina Havalend Steinmuller Todd Osborne Barclay Shoemaker Shaofeng Pei Fate of Soil Carbon Translating the Effects of Carbon Cycling and Nutrient Dynamics and Following Sea Level Rise- Sea-Level Rise in Urban Potential Soil Accumulation Their Interaction with 11:35am Induced Coastal Wetland Systems to the Coastal within Coastal Forested Phytoplankton Growth in Submergence: a Microcosm Ecosystem Interface Wetlands the Aquatic Areas of Coastal Experiment Wetland in Liaohe Delta, China 11:50am Q&A Q&A Q&A Q&A 12noon-1:30pm Group Luncheon Buffet
22 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Wednesday, April 25, 2018 (continued)
Concurrent Sessions [1:30pm - 3:00pm] Session 14 Session 15 Session 16 Session 17 Royal Poinciana Ibis Egret Sandpiper Blue Carbon: Improving Nitrogen and Phosphorus Hydrological Restoration: Data Applied to IPCC Coastal Processes Dynamics in Aquatic Reconnection of Wetland Emission Factors and (Part 2) Systems Ecosystems Carbon Markets (Part 2) Gail Chmura Kevin Grace John White Lisa Chambers 1:30pm Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Derrick Vaughn Hilary Flower Greg Noe Tianna Picquet Blue Carbon Sequestration Shifting Ground: Landscape- Nutrient and Sediment Novel Interactions May Within a Northeastern Scale Modeling Of Soil Inputs Change Soil Structure Affect Range Expansions: Is 1:35pm Florida Intertidal Wetland Biogeochemistry under and Biogeochemistry in Heavy Ungulate Browsing - Response to Climate Climate Change in the Floodplain Ecosystems: A Restraining Mangrove Change and Holocene Florida Everglades Cross-Study Synthesis Advance On The South Climate Variability Texas Coast? Elise Morrison Paul Julian Sara McMillan Derek Detweiler The Role of Priming Effects One Of These Things Effects of Floodplain Phytosterols as Tracers of on the Conversion of Blue Is Not Like The Other. Restoration on Nitrogen and Terrestrial and Wetland
Carbon to CO2 in the Coastal Evaluation of Wetland Phosphorus Dynamics in Carbon to Ten Thousand 1:50pm Zone Nutrient Stoichiometry Agricultural Watersheds Islands, Florida, USA: and Homeostasis in a Implications for Trophic Subtropical Treatment Resource Usage in the Wetland Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica Amy Borde Sara Phelps Natalie Peyronnin Hayley Craig Measuring Continuous Reevaluating the Rebuilding Mississippi River Factors Controlling Diversity Greenhouse Gas Fluxes Consequences of Land Use: Delta: Operating a Sediment and Composition of Soil 2:05pm from Pacific Northwest Accelerated Dissolution Diversion to Balance Microbial Communities in Tidal Wetland Sediments of Geologic Phosphate Ecosystem and Social Needs Mangroves Following Salt-Water Deposition in Humic Lakes Intrusion Thomas Mozdzer Alina Spera Nia Hurst Michael Wessel Nutrient Enrichment Alters Effect of Hydrologic Reducing Nitrogen Developing a Nutrient Blue Carbon Pools and Restoration on Coastal Removal Uncertainty for Management Strategy for Processes Wetland Soil Properties Operation of Mississippi Southwest Florida Tidal 2:20pm River Sediment Diversions: Creeks by Linking Source Nitrate Reduction Rates In Water Concentrations, Turbulent Flow Conditions Instream Processes, and Estuarine Dynamics Siyuan Ye William Mitsch John White Jessica Vaccare Carbon Sequestration and Sustainably Solving Legacy Evaluating Nitrate Reduction The Impacts of Corexit Its Controlling Factors in Phosphorus and Nitrogen in in a Hydrologically Restored EC9500A on Wetland the Temperate Wetland Landscapes with Wetlands Bottomland Hardwood Microbial Activity and 2:35pm Communities Along the and Wetlaculture Forest: Is Reconnection Community Structure in Bohai Sea, China Improving Water Quality Barataria Bay, LA., USA Function?
2:50pm Q&A Q&A Q&A Q&A 3:00pm-3:30pm PM Refreshment Break in Poster & Sponsor Display Area
23 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Wednesday, April 25, 2018 (continued)
Concurrent Sessions [3:30pm - 5:00pm] Session 18 Session 19 Session 20 Session 21 Royal Poinciana Ibis Egret Sandpiper Blue Carbon: Improving Biogeochemical Studies Data Applied to IPCC Influence of Large- Toward Improving Emission Factors and scale Restoration on Performance of the Treatment Wetlands Carbon Markets Biogeochemical Processes Everglades Stormwater Part 3 Treatment Areas Gail Chmura Fred Sklar Odi Villapando Mark Sees 3:30pm Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Joseph Smoak Sue Newman Len Scinto Carles Ibanez Coupled Soil Carbon Restoration of Settling and Entrainment Dynamics of Metals, Measurements and Remote Biogeochemical Properties of Particulates in Nutrients, Sediments and Sensing to Quantify Above Characteristics through the STAs Carbon in Mediterranean 3:35pm and Belowground Carbon Active Management of Constructed Wetlands Stocks in Mangrove Forest the Nutrient-Enriched Receiving Agricultural of the Ten Thousand Islands Everglades (CHIP) Runoff Region of Southwest Florida, USA Joshua Breithaupt Erik Tate-Boldt Patrick Inglett Li Zhang Are Carbon Burial Rates Biogeochemical Drivers Hydrologic Flow Effects on Hydrological Regime in the Coastal Everglades of Aquatic Ecosystem Microbial Stoichiometry Impacts on Macrophyte 3:50pm Higher Now Than They Metabolism under an and Enzyme Activity in the Communities of Urban Were a Century Ago? Altered Flow Regime in an Everglades Stormwater Stormwater Treatment Everglades Marsh Treatment Areas Wetlands in Southwest Florida Jeffrey Kelleway Colin Saunders Lauren Griffiths Taylor Nesbit What is the Carbon Flow Impacts on P and OM Nutrient Retention via Seasonal and Hurricane Sequestration Potential Cycling across Everglades Vegetative Uptake and Irma Effects on the of Australia’s Coastal Ridge and Slough: Lessons Sedimentation in Created Hydrologic Regime of 4:05pm Floodplain Forests? from Landscape Budgets Wetlands in Subtropical A Constructed Urban in the DECOMP Physical Florida Stormwater Treatment Model and Shark Slough, Wetland Complex in ENP Southwestern Florida Bong-Oh Kwon Christa Zweig Mike Jerauld R. Thomas James Carbon Storage Capacity Active Management Phosphorus Flux in the Effects of Hydrology, Time of Estuarine Tidal Flat and Influences on Everglades Stormwater and Inflow Concentration 4:20pm Salt Marsh in the West and Biogeochemistry in a Treatment Areas on Phosphorus Discharge South Coasts of Korea Nutrient-Poor Wetland from a Periphyton-Based Stormwater Treatment Area Stephen Crooks Mark Cook Odi Villapando Ronald Corstanje Inclusion of Coastal Faunal Contributions to P Biogeochemical Response Big Data Applied to the Wetlands in United States Cycling and their Influence of Selected STA Flow-ways Stormwater Treatment 4:35pm Inventory of Greenhouse on Restoration of the to Different Flow Scenarios Areas in The Everglades, Gas Emissions and Sinks Everglades Mapping Out System Resilience 4:50pm Q&A Q&A Q&A Q&A Poster Session Reception II 5:00pm-7:00pm (Poster presenters at EVEN NUMBERED BOARDS to be available for questions and discussion from 6pm - 7pm.)
24 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Thursday, April 26, 2018
Symposium Registration Open 7:30am-12noon [Conference Center - Palm Foyer] 7:30am-8:30am Morning Refreshments in Poster & Sponsor Display Area Concurrent Sessions [8:30am - 10:00am] Session 22 Session 23 Session 24 Royal Poinciana Ibis Egret Wetland Soil Biogeochemical Processes Contaminant Removal in Biogeochemistry in Created in South Florida Ecosystems Wetlands and Restored Environments Mike Jerauld Anna Sophia Knox Jacob Berkowitz 8:30am Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Introduction & Overview Kevin Grace Matt Huddleston Christine VanZomeren Nutrient Exchange Savannah River Site’s A-01 Biogeochemical Response Dynamics Following Constructed Wetland of Coastal Wetland Soil 8:35am Sediment Resuspension in System: A Model for to Thin Layer Sediment South Florida Wetlands Sustainable Aquatic Risk Application Mitigation Jennifer Cooper Anna Sophia Knox Jacob Berkowitz Influence of Mineral Metal Mobility and Rapid Formation of Precipitation and Aquatic Retention in Constructed Potential Acid Sulfide 8:50am Vegetation on Phosphorus Wetland Sediment Soils Following Wetland Removal in Canal Water Restoration – A Cautionary from the Everglades Tale Agricultural Area Barry Rosen Michael H. Paller Kim Oldenborg The Role of Cyanobacteria Using DGT to Measure Impacts of Sediment in Nucleating the Bioavailable Metals in Dredging on Phosphorus 9:05am Precipitation of Calcium A Constructed Wetland Dynamics of a Restored Carbonate in the Treatment System Riparian Wetland Everglades: Vaterite and Aragonite Hanh Nguyen Xiaoyu Xu Hongjun Chen Microbial Composition of Do Constructed Wetlands Dissolved Oxygen Sag 9:20am Everglades Stormwater Remove Metals or Increase Events in the Phase I Area Treatment Areas is Linked to Metal Bioavailability? of The Kissimmee River Sulfur Cycle Restoration Project Richard Baker Sanjana Banerjee Masanori Fujimoto Biogeochemistry of Trace Turning a Liability into Spatial Variability in Elements in Card Sound, an Asset: Can We Use Microbial-Mediated Florida, Inventory and the Invasive Apple Snail Biogeochemical Processes 9:35am Annual Turnover Circa 1973 Pomacea Maculata in Everglades Stormwater In Biomonitoring Of Treatment Areas Metal Contamination In Freshwater Marshes? 9:50am Q&A Q&A Q&A AM Refreshment Break 10:00am-10:30am Poster Presenters and Sponsors Remove Displays 10:30am-12noon Closing General Session 12noon Symposium Concludes Optional Post-Conference Field Trip – Loxahatchee Impoundment Landscape Assessment (LILA) 12noon-5:30pm Participants to gather in lobby next to registration to prepare for departure.
25 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands Poster Display Information
Poster presentations play a key role in the exchange of information at BioGeo 2018. Considerable time will be dedicated for viewing them. Posters will be on display throughout the conference in the Poster & Sponsor Display Room (Orchid Ballroom). This is the primary gathering spot where morning, mid-day and afternoon refreshments are served. The agenda also features an evening Poster Session Reception on Tuesday & Wednesday. These networking functions maximize opportunities for discussion amongst poster presenters, attendees and sponsors.
• Formal poster sessions are scheduled Tuesday (5pm–7pm; session 1) and Wednesday (5pm–7pm; session 2). • Poster presenters are to stand at their poster during the assigned poster session. Please do not stand at your poster during the poster session in which you are not assigned.
Monday, April 23 | 4:00PM – 6:00PM Posters may be set-up upon arrival at the hotel any time during these hours, but POSTER SET UP no later than 10:30am Tuesday, April 24. All posters are on display throughout the conference. Posters are to be removed Thursday during the mid-morning break.
Tuesday, April 24 | 5:00PM – 7:00PM POSTER SESSION 1 (Presenters at ODD NUMBERED BOARDS are to stand at their posters 6pm-7pm.)
Wednesday, April 25 | 5:00PM – 7:00PM POSTER SESSION 2 (Presenters at EVEN NUMBERED BOARDS are to stand at their posters 6pm-7pm.)
POSTER REMOVAL Thursday, April 26 | 10:00AM – 10:30AM
* Organizers are not responsible for lost posters not removed from the boards, and discarded by the board vendor.
26 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA Poster Directory
(Presenters listed in alphabetical order by last name)
Poster First Name Last Name Organization City ST Country Abstract Title No. Soil Nutrient Enrichment Post University of United 5 Kaylee August Gainesville FL Hydrologic Management: A Temporal Florida States Analysis Of Taylor Slough East Carolina United Greenhouse Gas Potential of a 6 Regina Bledsoe Greenville NC University States Constructed Stormwater Wetland Louisiana Understandings Mechanisms For Baton United 32 Ashley Booth State LA Marsh Sustainability in the Face of Sea Rouge States University Level Rise South Florida Restoration Benefits Observed From Water West Palm United 35 Bahram Charkhian FL the Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands Management Beach States Project District South Florida Long-Term Treatment Performance Water West Palm United 7 Michael Chimney FL of Constructed Wetlands Built for Management Beach States Everglades Restoration District PBL Neth. Environmental Towards a Global Model for Wetlands 30 Jeroen de Klein The Hague Netherlands Assessment Ecosystem Services Agency Comparison of Heat Flux Reduction in Florida United a Wetland Modular Rooftop Garden 8 Brittany Dolan Gulf Coast Fort Myers FL States System and a Xeric Rooftop Garden University System in Southwest Florida Phosphorous Analyses Including Florida United P-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 19 Bobby Duersch Atlantic Boca Raton FL States Spectroscopy in the C51 Basin and University Northern Everglades Investigation of Ecosystem Services Provided by Seasonally Emergent College of United 25 Rebecca Flock Nampa ID Wetland Between an Agricultural Western Idaho States Drain and Irrigation Catchment in Southwest Idaho Loxahatchee United Enterococci in Wrack Sediments and 27 Rachel Harris Jupiter FL River District States Surface Water What is the Metal Content of Gravel Missouri State United 20 Jordan Heiman Springfield MO Bar Vegetation in a Contaminated University States River? Hurricane Irma: Biogeochemical University of United 33 Nia Hurst Orlando FL Responses in a Mangrove Encroached Central Florida States Florida Salt Marsh
27 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Poster First Name Last Name Organization City ST Country Abstract Title No. Temporal Patterns in Enzyme Activity University of United and Bacterial Community Structure 23 Colin Jackson University MS Mississippi States of the Phyllosphere of the Wetland Macrophyte Typha Latifolia Effects of Floodplain Restoration Purdue West United 31 Alex Johnson IN in Agricultural Watersheds on University Lafayette States Phosphorus Dynamics River Runs Through It: Evaluation University of United of Groundwater and Surface Water 24 Paul Julian Fort Pierce FL Florida States Connectivity and its Implication on Riparian Biogeochemistry and Ecology National Park United Effects of Hurricane Irma on Coastal 36 Christopher Kavanagh Key Largo FL Service States Everglades Waters in Florida Bay Carbon Budget of an Eastern North East Carolina United 16 Sydni Law Greenville NC Carolina Coastal Freshwater Wetland University States Following Phosphorus Addition Assessing Significant of Different Florida United Environmental Drivers Impact Coastal 34 Jing Liu Atlantic Boca Raton FL States Wetlands Elevation Change in University Louisiana Institute of Subtropical Dynamics of Soil Nitrogen Agriculture, Accumulation Following Vegetation 14 Xin Liu Changsha Hunan China Chinese Restoration in a Typical Karst Academy of Catchment Sciences Impacts of Restoration on University of United Biogeochemistry of Intertidal Oyster 3 Bryan Locher Orlando FL Central Florida States Reefs in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida Constructed Wetlands for Saltwater Florida Aquaculture Wastewater Treatment United 9 Cristina Lopardo Gulf Coast Fort Myers FL Using a Floating Treatment Wetland States University Bioreactor System and Wetlands Modified with Biodegradable Plastics Florida Microscale Hydrogen Peroxide United 29 Luka Ndungu Gulf Coast Fort Myers FL Measurements of Cyanobacterial States University Blooms in Southwest Florida Lakes School Of Mangrove Forest Biomass Estimates, Geosciences, United Community Structure and 15 Chukwuebuka Nwobi Edinburgh University Of Kingdom Classification in the Nigerian Niger Edinburgh Delta Florida Variation in Carbon Storage and United 13 Danielle Ogurcak International Miami FL Nutrients in Mangrove Peats Across States University Puerto Rico Ecological Consequences of Invasive University of United Plant Species Introduction to Volcanic 2 Eliska Rejmankova California, Davis CA States Lakes in Central America: An Example Davis of Lake Atitlan, Guatemala
28 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Poster First Name Last Name Organization City ST Country Abstract Title No. Changes in Carbon and Nitrogen in University of United a Drained Subtropical Wetland. The 12 Andres Rodriguez Gainesville FL Florida States Case of the Everglades Agricultural Area Effects Of Hurricane Irma on Dissolved University of United 4 Tracey Schafer Gainesville FL Organic Carbon Fluxes Along a Salinity Florida States Gradient City of United The Orlando Easterly Wetlands – 10 Mark Sees Christmas FL Orlando States 30 Years of Constructed Success How Can the Invasive Submersed Macrophytes Stay So Highly Productive Biology Centre Ceske Czech 1 Dagmara Sirova in a Nitrogen Limited Lake? Molecular CAS Budejovice Republic Analysis of Associated Diazotrophs May Provide the Answer Bioaccumulation and Effects of University of Cadmium in Three Phytoplankton Tabassum- United 21 Sabrina Louisiana at Lafayette LA Species: Akashiwo Sanguinea, Tackett States Lafayette Heterosigma Akashiwo, & Coscinodiscus Sp Evaluating Different Salts as Proxies University of United 11 Mohsen Tootoonchi Davie FL For Brackish Water in Sea Level Rise Florida States and Climate Change Research Complete Genome Sequencing Florida United Revealed the Evolution, Adaptation 28 Hidetoshi Urakawa Gulf Coast Fort Myers FL States and Cosmopolitan Distribution of University Nitrosospira Lacus Species Influence on Methane University of United 26 Joost van Haren Tucson AZ Emissions from Tree Stems from Arizona States Amazonian Peat and Flood Lands Anton de Kom University of Mercury Deposition in Rivers of 22 Arioene Vreedzaam Suriname/ Wanica Suriname Suriname Tulane University Institute of Methane Emissions from the Stems of 17 Zhiping Wang Beijing China Botany, CAS Living Trees in Upland Forests Florida United Extreme Events Alter C Dynamics 18 Junbin Zhao International Miami FL States Across the Florida Everglades University
29 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands PDHs for Engineers and
Continuing Education
CEUs & PDHs for Attendees with Professional Certifications If you are a licensed engineer or maintain a professional license issued by a society, an association, an occupational licensing board or a department of professional regulation within your state, you may be eligible to earn Continuing Education Units (CEUs) for your participation in this conference. You will need to contact the appropriate authority who manages your professional certification to verify your organization or individual state's licensing requirements, and to confirm what documentation is required. While we are not approved as an official CEU provider, your state may recognize this event as a qualified program, and you may be eligible to earn CEUs for your participation.
Record of Attendance Log at Registration Desk A Record of Attendance Log will be maintained at the Conference Registration Desk where you can sign in and sign out each day and create a record verifying your daily attendance. Within 30 days upon conclusion of the conference, we will email you a "Certificate of Attendance" indicating the actual number of contact hours you accrued based on your participation hours recorded in the attendance log. It is your responsibility to compile all necessary paperwork and provide it to the appropriate licensing board or professional organization with whom you are certified, and to confirm this program content is acceptable based on their individual standards.
IMPORTANT NOTE: In general, one Continuing Education Unit (CEU) is defined as 10 hours of instruction. One hour is calculated as 50 minutes of face-to-face instruction. If you have any questions regarding CEU requirements as they pertain to your professional certification or license, please directly contact the appropriate licensing board within your state. The University of Florida, Office of Conferences & Institutes and its employees are not authorized to act on your behalf or to provide consult regarding CEUs.
30 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA Additional Information
Free Internet Access Complimentary wireless Internet access will be available to BioGeo 2018 attendees in the meeting space, hotel lobby, and public & lounge areas. The passcode is different for access in your guest room. Be sure to obtain the most current complimentary access code from the front desk when you check in. To access Internet in the conference center, follow these instructions on your device:
1. Connect to the network “Marriott_CONF” 2. You will be directed to the splash page (Attending Meeting) where you will enter: Conference Code: BioGeo2018 3. Click on "I agree to the terms of use" 4. Click on log in
Name Badge Your name badge will serve as your pass while attending the symposium, so please be sure to wear it while attending all functions. If arriving Monday, you should pick up your name badge and materials that evening to avoid the Tuesday morning rush. Conference Registration is open 4:00pm-7:00pm Monday, April 23 in the Conference Center building. It reopens Tuesday morning at 7:30am. Please be sure to register all guests and pay the applicable registration fees. Guests must also wear their name badges for entry into functions. The guest fee allows guests 18 years of age and older to attend the Welcome Social on Monday evening and the Poster Session Networking Receptions on Tuesday and Wednesday. The guest fee does not include meeting attendance.
Lost & Found When an article is lost, please first check the conference registration area. If the lost article(s) cannot be found, check with the hotel’s front desk staff.
Remember to Join Us on Social Media! Follow us on Twitter @biogeo2018 and like us on Facebook @biogeo2018 to see our posts. Use the hashtag #biogeo2018 to stay connected with your fellow conference attendees. www.conference.ifas.ufl.edu/biogeo2018
31
April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Abstract Compilation
The following abstracts are listed alphabetically by presenting author’s last name. Presenting author names appear in bold.
33
April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
HYDROLOGICAL VARIATION AND ENZYMIC DECOMPOSITION IN WETLANDS Zuhair AlQulaiti1, Christian Dunn1, Tim Jones1 Sandrine Hugron2, Line Rochefort2, Chris Freeman1 1Bangor University, Wales, UK 2PERG, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
Despite covering only 3% of the Earth’s land surface, boreal and subarctic peatlands store about 15-30% of the world’s soil carbon as peat. Historically, peatlands have contributed to global cooling on a millennium timescale. Whether peatlands will continue their function as net C sinks remains uncertain, and depends on the impact of environmental factors, not least of which is hydrological conditions. This issue is particularly important in Canada, where more than 12% of the land area is covered by peatlands, which means around 56% of organic carbon stored in that soil, and thus Canada was selected as the focus of this study. Hydrological conditions can radically influence decomposition in peat, and such conditions are anticipated to become more extreme under changing climate. Moreover, the impairment of enzyme activities (through the enzymic latch) in wetlands has an important role in increasing carbon sequestration by reducing the decomposition of organic matter. The main objective of this study is to determine the effect of the fluctuation water table level on the decomposition under the following conditions:
1) Stable water table between 0 and -5 cm (Control) 2) Stable water table between -10 and -15 cm 3) Stable water table between -20 and -25 cm 4) Fluctuating water table between +5 and -35 cm over 10 days cycle period, 5) Fluctuating water table between +5 and -35 cm over 30 days cycle period.
These treatments created substantial changes in the enzyme activities associated with decomposition, with the greatest impacts seen in the systems experiencing the greatest hydrological variability. Our findings suggest that climate change towards a climate system with more hydrological variability threatens to destabilize our peatland carbon stores. The interdependency of respiration rates, transport, and air filled porosity, changes in water content near saturation will most likely have a strong impact on rates of respiration in the unsaturated zone of many peat soils.
BIO: Zuhair AlQulaiti, is a PhD student with 3 years of experience of wetland enzyme research. He is developing experience in studying carbon cycling, the influence of decomposition on greenhouse gas emissions.
Contact Information: Zuhair AlQulaiti, Wetland Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, LL57 2UW, UK
35 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
SOIL NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT POST HYDROLOGIC MANAGEMENT: A TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF TAYLOR SLOUGH Kaylee August1,2, Paul Julian1, and Todd Osborne1,2 1 oil and ater ciences epartment, niversity of lorida, ainesville, , hitney aboratory for arine ioscience, niversity of lorida, t. ugustine, ,
aylor lough, a dominant drainage feature in northeastern Everglades ational ar , is a landscape with predominantly marl and organic soils. he slough receives flow from rainfall and water control structures directly north. Water management practices varied in intensity and scope from the 1960’s to the early 2000’s, resulting in variable phosphorus loading to the slough which has contributed to vegetation shifts from sawgrass to cattail. ew best management practices s lead to highly reduced concentrations in the water column, however, recent studies have identified variability of topography, hydrology, and ecology to be significant factors driving enrichment. his study aims to compare two sampling periods to further assess enrichment and cattail e pansion by evaluating soil properties. oil nutrient properties total carbon , total nitrogen , total phosphorus , inorganic , loss on ignition , and bul density were collected on two separate occasions and 1 in the wet season. he study observed a consistent range of values for all soil nutrient properties in and 1 , while almost all e cept bul density had lower overall mean concentrations for 1 . he later sampling e hibited greater inorganic 1 mg g 1 spread in the soil as compared to 5 mg g 1 . ul density displayed increased spread in the 1 sampling period as compared to , with ranges from .1 1. g cm and . . 1 g cm respectively. he rainfall and stage data show lower averages in 1 as well. he lower stage and rainfall averages in 1 lead to greater variability of inorganic , but decreased the overall average of in the soil. hough stage rainfall was lower, inorganic phosphorus fractions were greater in spread in 1 and increased. n conclusion, lower stage and rainfall lead to increased o idation of organic materials and greater variability of inorganic fractions within the system. he loss of the historic organic soils could lead to the ever increasing enrichment of the Everglades, potentially e panding cattail presence in aylor lough.
aylee ugust is a graduate student at the niversity of lorida oil and ater ciences epartment and the hitney aboratory for arine iosciences under r. odd sborne. Her research involves phosphorus enrichment and cattail e pansion in aylor lough of the Everglades ational ar .
ontact nformation aylee ugust, niversity of lorida, 1 c arty r., ainesville,
36 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN CARD SOUND, FLORIDA INVENTORY AND ANNUAL TURNOVER CIRCA 1973 Joseph L. Gilio Presented by: Richard Baker oseph . ilio, independent researcher, alm ity, ,
n inventory of trace transition elements anadium , opper u , admium d , ead as developed for the ard ound ecosystem circa 19 . his or determined metal concentrations of ater and organisms collected and analy ed in 19 this study ith simultaneous studies of geology, sediment and plant and animal populations and productivies using the same ard ound grid y respective e perts during 19 0 . his su tropical calcareous ased, moderately flushed em ayment as then on the fringes of rapid development from the iami metrople and near y nuclear po er plant. rganisms and ater samples this study and sediment analysis y ellen arg,19 ere analy ed y atom reservoir atomic a sorption spectrophotometry. he procedure eliminated matri interference. ccuracy compared to rchid eaves as e 9 , u 92 , n 96 , d 100 and 9 n 19 , no iological standard for e isted. ignificant differences ithin given species trace metal concentrations e isted ased on location ithin ard ound. or mass model development and iological flu es, such aerial differences ere com ined to produce a three o model of organisms, ater, and total sediments of ard ound, lorida.
his model incorporated the entire sediment volume masses of mean depth of 6 cm. uch a small total sediment volume of calcareous sediment was expected to magnify the influence of the ecosystem’s biota in the interactions between sediment, water and iota and their radionuclides. n agreement ith other studies, the total ecosystem mass of , e, u, n, d, and ere highest in sediment hereas ater mass for and e ere greater than the total iota standing stoc . iota mass alance for u n, d and ere greater than ater column ut less than sediment. halassia testudinum turtle grass had trace element standing stoc highest for all elements, follo ed closely y sponges, ith large rooted calcareous algae appro imately an order of magnitude lo er. orals ere lac ing. hytoplan ton, epiphytes, and inverte rates constituted minor components of the iological trace element inventory. race elements sin s in ard ound ca. 19 ere sediment and iota.
ma or forcing function for trace transition movement from sediment and ater as net primary production of turtle grass and its epiphytes, respectively, through 90 g dry t. m2 yr or 2 of the iological dry t. matter production of the sound horhaug, 19 . nnual net primary and secondary production incorporated 2.1 more e and .9 more than all other iota. et photosynthesis production across all primary produces –seagrasses, epiphytes, calcareous algae incorporated g yr e 1. 10 n . 10 1. 10 u . 10 2 . l 0 1 and d 1.0 l0 1 . urtle grass lade multiplication and gro th accounted for ma or movement of e, , and d from sediments into this species and its seasonal lade death and decay return to the sediment. a onomic iota groups concentrated trace elements in decreasing order of e, n, , u, , and d. urtle grass sediment upta e yielded residence times of 1 days for n and 2 0 days for d. ll others e, , u and sediment residence times ranged from centuries to millennia. n nutrient limitation is pro a ly avoided especially if turtle grass dynamic” pumping” from water also exists, then implications for radionuclide releases from nuclear po er plants into such car onate rich thin sediment areas indicate high mo ility of n 6 from sediment into the iological food chain. idal ater dynamics transported 1.2 e and copper into and out of ard ound than iological incorporation. idal e change dynamics indicate oceanic e changes directly ith a small part of ard ound, so that iological cycling of trace elements appears more important than tidal flushing. idal e change netted outflo s of n and d and a net inflo of e, u, and . ard ound ater concentrations influenced y tidal e change mass alance dynamics compared oceanic flushing ith iological turnover days g day – e 0 9 , n 2 9. , u 1 1.0 , 0.096 , d 60 0.02 .
his research originally represented dissertation re uirements for the octor of hilosophy degree in arine cience at the osenstiel chool of arine and tmospheric cience, niversity of iami, lorida and as performed et een 19 1 . ssistance of rs. ouglas egar and o ert ellen arg are gratefully ac no ledged. his paper originally as prepared for the ea rant symposium on iscayne ay, iami, lorida pril 19 6. eer revie delay prevented its inclusion in the original ound symposium.
r. ilio, an active retired W meritus, taught at – ensen each, founded, ran and sold Wetlands anagement nc. e designs and researches ater uality improvement for la es and etlands. , 00 ac. ousing pro ects achieved for . supplemental to at . oegilio.com
ontact nformation oseph ilio, 0 W t. ucie hores r., alm ity, 990,
37 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
TURNING A LIABILITY INTO AN ASSET: CAN WE USE THE INVASIVE APPLE SNAIL POMACEA MACULATA IN BIOMONITORING OF METAL CONTAMINATION IN FRESHWATER MARSHES? Sanjana Banerjee1, Paul L. Klerks1, Harry J. Whitlow1,2 and Naresh T. Deoli1,2 ni ersity of ouisiana at afayette, afayette, , ouisiana ccelerator enter, afayette, ,
he apple snail Pomacea maculata is an in asi e species that has recently been introduced and is now present in se eral ouisiana marsh areas he introduction and range expansion of this species are bound to ha e a ariety of ecological conse uences ne potential effect is that the presence of this species will modify the biogeochemical cycling of metals owe er, the introduction may also ha e a fa orable aspect by pro iding us with a species that may be well suited for biomonitoring for en ironmental contaminants such as hea y metals
We are currently conducting research that will provide insights into both aspects of the snail’s introduction. In the laboratory, snails were maintained in water at a range of le els of a metal such as copper u and the metal le els are being uantified in their gills, lung, idney, gut, digesti e and reproducti e glands esults of these analyses will pro ide an indication whether the snails are efficient metal bioaccumulators and what tissues are best suited for biomonitoring n order to determine the relationship between metal bioaccumulation in the apple snail and metal le els and distribution in the en ironment, we are comparing metal le els in snail tissues, plants, sediment and water collected from two sites that differ in physicochemical parameters
e els of the metal lead b are also being uantified in shells and operculum, with a no el method employing article nduced ay mission which will pro ide information on patterns of accumulation of lead he research is ongoing results will be presented at the meeting
an ana aner ee is a h student wor ing in n ironmental oxicology under the guidance of r aul ler s riginally from ndia, she graduated with and degrees in oology he is interested in the ecotoxicological conse uences of the introduction of the in asi e snail Pomacea maculata and their use as biomonitors
ontact nformation an ana aner ee, h student a fellow, epartment of iology and nstitute for oastal ater esearch, ni ersity of ouisiana at afayette, afayette, ,
38 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
A LITTLE RETRO: VALUING AN UNDERSIZED URBAN STORMWATER WETLAND RETROFIT Eban Z. Bean1, Ariane Peralta2, Gina Bledsoe2, Charles Humphrey3, and Michael A. O’Driscoll4 gricultural and iological ngineering epart ent niversity of lorida ainesville iological ciences epart ent ast arolina niversity reenville ealth ducation and ro otion epart ent ast arolina niversity reenville eological ciences epart ent ast arolina niversity reenville
egacy stor water syste s pri arily designed for efficient drainage have led to channel erosion and sedi entation as well as nutrients and pathogen e ports that have degraded and i paired urban strea s. urrent regulations for ost unicipalities re uire stor water control easures to address the i pacts of increased i pervious cover. owever developed landscapes can constrain retrofit options as e isting infrastructure and available space prevent certain options while li iting the si e of other options. nder si ing stor water control easures is a possible solution for retrofitting urban watersheds if the scalability of functions can be understood better. reens ill un is a coastal plain strea i paired by e cess stor water runoff fro the urban core of Greenville, North Carolina. At nearly 50% impervious, East Carolina University’s (ECU) main ca pus is a significant contributor of stor water volu es and nutrient loads. In a dry detention basin was regraded to construct the ar rinson tor water Wetland on ECU’s campus. Due to topographic and infrastructure li itations the wetland was only of the typical full design si e for the contributing watershed. low onitoring and water uality sa pling of inflows and discharges were perfor ed between ugust and ugust . Water uality treat ent lagged behind conventional credits however flood itigation and other ecosyste services provide typically un uantified value as well. he low residence ti e li ited water uality treat ent. owever other functions flood reduction habitat education etc. have provided ecosyste services and value that can co only be overloo ed.
I r. ean is an assistant professor and e tension specialist of urban water resources engineering at the niversity of lorida. uch of his wor focuses on urban stor water anage ent. rior to his current position he spent four years at ast arolina niversity as an assistant professor in the ngineering epart ent.
ontact Infor ation ban . ean gricultural and iological ngineering epart ent niversity of lorida owry d uilding o ainesville
39 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
SHIFTING FIRE REGIMES AND THE FUTURE OF PEATLAND CARBON STORAGE Brian W Benscoter lorida Atlantic University, Davie, , U A
Distur ance is o critical ecological importance rom populations to ecosystems. Natural systems have an inherent capacity to respond to natural distur ances, o ten adapting their core attri utes to include distur ance in their ecology. ut hat happens hen the distur ance itsel ecomes distur ed Where do the ounds o this capacity lie and hat are the conse uences o e ceeding these thresholds n etlands, the interplay o ire and drought e ert considera ly in luence on their ecology and car on cycling, particularly peatlands o oreal and tropical iomes. heir thic , car on rich organic soils have adaptive protection mechanisms that decrease soil com ustion ris during ild ire, even hile in some cases promoting intense sur ace or canopy ire ehavior. o ever, the dense organic soils can ecome vulnera le uels during severe drought, leading to scenarios o more severe ire e ects and potentially compromised post ire ecosystem resilience. lant invasions, particularly y shru s, urther compromise ecosystem resilience y altering ire ehavior and ecosystem recovery. Car on storage in peatlands is the result o a delicate alance et een storage and loss ith a ine margin sensitive to e tremes. here ore, identi ying tipping points in regime change or distur ance and its underlying drivers is critical or protecting the resilience o these valua le ecosystems.
Dr. enscoter is Associate ro essor o Wetland lant Ecology at lorida Atlantic University and ice Chair o the outh Atlantic Chapter o the ociety o Wetland cientists. e has over 5 years o e perience researching etland ire ecology and car on cycling rom su arctic to su oreal iomes.
Contact n ormation rian W enscoter, lorida Atlantic University, Department o iological ciences, 00 College Ave, Davie,
40 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
TIDAL WETLAND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY IN HIGH DEFINITION: USING HIGH-FREQUENCY MEASUREMENTS TO ESTIMATE BIOGEOCHEMICAL RATES Brian A. Bergamaschi r D. Do i r . . r s University U. . Geological urvey, acramento, CA, U A
idal etlands are hydrodynamically comple , varying over temporal scales rom minutes to decades and spatial scales rom centimeters to ilometers. ur understanding o undamental iogeochemical processes in these environments is o ten iased y sampling strategies that alias the intrinsic signal y sampling at spatial and temporal intervals ar too coarse to capture true varia ility, to accurately uanti y lu or to ade uately relate process rates to spatial and temporal scale. We have een using measurement techni ues aimed at improving our understanding o iogeochemical processes, oth to provide insight into mechanisms driving changes as ell as to improve society’s ability to manage and improve our aquatic resources. o ever, many challenges remain or improving our understanding o iogeochemical processes in these comple environments.
ecent developments in ield instrumentation have improved our a ility to resolve chemical, isotopic and compositional di erences directly in the environment, ma ing measurements rapidly enough to avoid aliasing the signals o physical and iological processes. easurements using such instrumentation undamentally alter our understanding o iogeochemical processes, and call into uestion the accuracy o monthly, ee ly, and even daily sampling to assess lu , as ell as the a ility o la oratory mesocosms to characteri e environmental process rates ade uately. We ill present three e amples o using such instrumentation to determine iogeochemical rates.
We ill sho ho e used in situ optical instrumentation in com ination ith acoustic measurements to uanti y constituent lu es ( g, e g, D C) as ell as e amine changes in sources and processes over daily to seasonal scales in a tidal marsh. We ill also sho ho e used data rom paired in situ, high re uency ( 5 minute) sensors to evaluate rates o change in nitrate concentration, and then to estimate ater column nitri ication rates. inally, e ill sho ho e used the relationship et een spatial variation o ater residence time and concentration to assess environmental rates, using transects o hydrogen and o ygen isotopes in ater ( , ) to estimate residence time. hese isotopes are uni ue tracers or evaporation and thus may e used in con unction ith independently determined evaporation rates to evaluate ater residence times. he relationship et een residence time and change in concentration provides a direct measurement o rate.
Although these and other methods represent provide improved means o understanding and uanti ying iogochemical rates and processes, su stantial challenges remain. or e ample, methods or esta lishing the spatial scale o interactions, or long term assessment and or comparing and e trapolating measured values across spatial scales are needed. We ill discuss opportunities or improvements in e isting methods and directions in the incorporation o high re uency measurements into etland iogeochemical studies.
Dr. ergamaschi is a iogeochemist ith the U G , and ad unct aculty ith C U in acramento. e graduated rom University o Washington, here he studied the cycling o natural organic material, et een s iing and clim ing trips. is interests mainly lie in developing ne methods to uanti y iogeochemical rates and in messing around on oats.
Contact n ormation rian ergamaschi, U G Cali ornia Water cience Center, Cali ornia tate University lacer all, 000 treet, acramento, CA 5
41 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
RAPID FORMATION OF POTENTIAL ACID SULFIDE SOILS FOLLOWING WETLAND RESTORATION – A CAUTIONARY TALE Jacob F. Berkowitz ris i o r rmy orps o ngineers ngineer esearc and evelopment enter ic sburg
any coastal etlands contain iron sul ide e minerals ic may generate substantial acidity soil p during droug t or disturbance due to o idation and ormation o sul uric acid e ormation o iron sul ides occurs ollo ing microbially driven reduction o e and under anaerobic conditions it subsequent c emical comple ation o e and lobally increasing numbers o salt mars es s o signs o degradation due to ragmentation lac o sediment inputs and storm damage ic may be e acerbated by sea level rise and increasing storm requency intensity s a result resource managers see to restore mars es via introduction o sediment to increase mars elevation and o set degradation o ever t e rapid ormation mont s o e materials as been documented in several mars es ollo ing restoration activities t at introduced sediment onto t e mars sur ace leading to concerns regarding restoration outcomes and potential soil acidi ication o investigate t ese reports a laboratory microcosm study monitored t e ormation o e ollo ing simulated restoration activities esults indicate t at e layers developed it in as e as days encompassing up to o t e soil pro ile it in mont s actors in luencing e ormation included ydropattern soil o idation reduction potential and concentration driven di usion gradients o e and ermanently inundated conditions resulted in t e ig est e content observed compared to drained and simulated tidal e perimental treatments e study ig lig ts t e need to consider biogeoc emical actors resulting in potential e ormation and soil acidi ication during restoration planning implementation and monitoring
r er o it is a researc soil scientist and team leader or etlands researc at t e rmy orps ngineer esearc and evelopment enter is or supports etland biogeoc emistry assessment and restoration across t e nited tates resulting in t e publication o ournal articles boo c apters and tec nical reports
ontact n ormation acob er o it ngineer esearc and evelopment enter alls erry d ic sburg
42 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Thomas S. Bianchi ept o eological ci niv o lorida ainesville lorida
e ma ority o organic carbon in t e global ocean is buried in t e coastal margin n particular river delta and non deltaic s el regions bury an estimated g year− and g year− respectively it only ca g year− buried in t e open ocean ile t ere as long standing general agreement t at continental selves represent t e largest sin o bot terrestrial terr and marine mari in t e global ocean our understanding o t e spatial and temporal comple ity o t is region continues to evolve or e ample ords are now more recognized as “hotspots”o carbon burial it recent estimates suggesting ord sur ace area normali ed burial rates are at least ive times greater t an ot er marine systems and one undred times greater t an t e entire ocean average ere ill compare and contrast some o t e ey molecular biomar ers t at ave been used to date to trac across di erent depositional environments e g large river deltas and ords and e plore o margin type residence time o transport reservoir dams redo priming e ects and molecular stability impact t e utility o using di erent biomar ers in coastal cycling inally ill ocus on important critical ones it in t e aquatic continuum rom land to sea and e amine o more attention is needed better understand cycling in t ese ne dynamic inter aces in t e nt ropocene
r ianc i is currently a ull pro essor and older o t e on and everly ompson ndo ed air in eological ciences at t e niversity o lorida ainesville lorida e ore oining eld ull pro essor positions at ulane niversity and e as niversity y general areas o e pertise are organic geoc emistry c emical oceanograp y and global carbon cycling in aquatic ecosystems ave publis ed over articles in re ereed ournals and am sole and or co aut or o boo s it anot er boo on ic l Oc o r o l o ico due out in am currently ditor in ie o t e ournal ri is r and ave served as an ssociate ditor or numerous ot er ournals am t e recipient o t o ulbrig t esearc ards became a llo o A ric Associ io or A c o ci c AAA in and in as named oc ic l llo o oc ic l oci ro Associ io o oc is r A and llo o Associ io or ci c s o i olo Oc o r A O .
ontact n ormation omas ianc i on and everly ompson ndo ed air o eological ciences ept o eological ciences o niversity o lorida ainesville ebsite ttp bianc ilab ordpress com ditor in ie arine emistry ournals elsevier com marine c emistry
43 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Regina B. Bledsoe1 . Ari . r l ast aro ina ni ersit reen i e ni ersit o orida aines i e
mper io s s r aces in r an areas increase stormwater r no eading to n isance ooding onstr cted stormwater wet ands s are designed to capt re stormwater r no and mitigate ooding in r an areas s can a so pro ide the additiona ene it o remo ing n trients and po tants i e ecos stem ser ice owe er a negati e conse ence o n trient c c ing can occ r when en ironmenta conditions s pport a ternati e micro ia nctions s ch as greenho se gas prod ction i e ecos stem dis ser ice ew st dies ha e addressed this tradeo etween ecos stem nctions in constr cted wet ands he o ecti e o this st d is to characterize seasona rates and denitri ication potentia in permanent in ndated compared to sha ow areas within an r an e h pothesized that permanent in ndated areas wi ha e higher rates than sha ow and areas t that sha ow areas wi ha e simi ar denitri ication potentia s to deep poo s r st d site is a ha that is adjacent to a 2.3 ha parking lot on East Carolina University’s campus in Greenville, NC. The is di ided into i e main zones s r ace area sha ow and sha ow water deep poo s ore a and o t et poo e meas red es or car on dio ide methane and nitro s o ide rom the in et to the o t et in permanent sat rated poo s and sha ow areas thro gho t the wet and e co ected water month or n trient ana sis e g ammoni m nitrate phosphate and soi seasona or moist re p and inorganic concentrations e a so determined denitri ication potentia s o soi s sing a ased denitri ication enz me assa acet ene oc method re iminar res ts indicate permanent in ndated poo s ha e the highest prod ction o s whi e sha ow and areas prod ced the owest rates o prod ction ha ow and soi s and permanent sat rated sediments were simi ar in potentia denitri ication rates his indicates that when sha ow and is sat rated then anaero ic denitri ication can proceed to s pport comp ete nitrate remo a eep poo s are a ora e in s to red ce sediment oads and s pport denitri ication processes howe er these deep poo s are ma or so rces o methane h s increasing sha ow and area within s ma red ce tradeo s in ecos stem nctions increasing comp ete nitrate remo a ia denitri ication t imiting methane prod ction
egina edsoe is a h st dent in the nterdiscip inar rogram o io ogica ciences at ast aro ina ni ersit he is a ationa cience o ndation rad ate esearch e ow and a orth aro ina ea rant and ater eso rce esearch nstit te e ow rrent pro ects in o e nderstanding how micro ia comm nities participate in wet and n trient c c ing
ontact n ormation egina edsoe epartment o io og owe cience omp e ast aro ina ni ersit reen i e
44 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Angelique M.K. Bochnak1, r ill r i rli o io Environmental Consulting Technology, nc., Gainesville, lorida, U hitney a oratory o arine ioscience, oil and ater cience epartment, University o lorida, Gainesville, lorida, U ater esources ivision, ureau o Environmental cience, t ohns iver ater anagement istrict, alatka, lorida, U
lood control projects are o ten aced ith con licting management o jectives. etland restoration ased on environmental hydrologic criteria can e at odds ith stage elevations and re uencies resulting rom lood control strategies in the atershed. ncreased hydroperiods have een sho n to decrease cover o emergent species and create a gradient that alters vegetative community structure hile decreased hydroperiods result in upland species encroachment and peat loss y su sidence. rior to lood control levee construction in , ort rum arsh Conservation rea C as ordered y an incomplete agricultural levee that allo ed unregulated drainage o the C to the surrounding lo ay. ter levee construction, inundation re uencies in several vegetative communities ere increased y up to rom estimated historical averages. These altered hydroperiods ere anticipated to result in her aceous marsh vegetative community die o ith a shi t to an open slough community, as ell as increased soil accretion rates. To determine the implications o lood control management activities in a peat ased loodplain marsh, e monitored the vegetative community structure, soil characteristics, and elevation in the C e ore and a ter levee construction. esults rom these data indicate that the pertur ed hydrologic regime in C elicited a vegetation response that ma imi ed elo ground productivity resulting in a rise in sur ace elevation o appro imately . centimeters per year. This rate is appro imately greater than accumulation rates measured e ore management action in C . dditionally, total acreage o vegetative communities o served in post management surveys as ithin o the acreage observed before levee construction. Considering Odum’s perturbation theory on stress gradients, the altered hydroperiods ith the C did not result in a stress to vegetative communities rather, it provided a su sidy that resulted in increased ater storage ithout a loss in unction. There ore, allo ing a system su icient time to respond to an input is an important consideration hen measuring restoration success. s such, e suggest that post project monitoring is vital to success ully understanding ecosystem response. s natural resource management strategies adapt to changing climate conditions, long term monitoring ill e necessary to evaluate the success o management actions and provide data or incorporation into uture approaches.
Contact n ormation ngeli ue . . ochnak, h. ., Environmental Consulting Technology, nc., Gainesville,
45 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Ashley R. Booth1 . i . A r ouisiana tate niversity chool of ene able atural esources aton ouge . . eological urvey ouisiana Cooperative ish and ildlife esearch nit chool of ene able atural esources aton ouge
Coastal etland loss is prevalent in the Chenier lain of e as and ouisiana a region influenced by altered hydrology subsidence and salt ater intrusion. hese etland losses are pro ected to become more dramatic ith increasing sea level rise associated ith climate change. istorically marshes ere able to eep pace ith sea level rise by gaining elevation through negative feedbac systems that promoted accretion during periods of inundation. o altered hydrology and reduced sedimentation are common in Chenier lain marshes and may be affecting rates of marsh accretion. anagement practices designed to improve ildlife habitat such as ater level manipulation prescribed burning and herbicide usage also affect processes governing marsh elevation though the mechanism of ho this occurs is only partially understood. ltimately any changes to the balance bet een elevation gains and losses ithin these systems ill influence sustainability in relation to sea level rise.
anaged marsh impoundments are particularly vulnerable as ater level dra do ns designed to increase annual plant production have led to significant elevation losses at multiple sites. hese losses are initially due to increased organic decomposition as the marsh surface is e posed to air. s dra do ns continue to occur and elevation decreases drainage becomes more difficult and vegetation becomes stressed. tressed plants decrease their belo ground productivity and accretion and inade uate accretion combined ith increasing decomposition rates contribute to eventual marsh loss. n impoundments that can no longer drain plant communities often initially transition to flood tolerant perennial emergents that gro in monodominant stands and produce little food for aterfo l. espite their apparent lac of ildlife value there is some interest in managing impounded marshes for perennial emergent vegetation in the hope of increasing soil elevation and long term marsh sustainability.
o that end our study ill e amine the effects of perennial plant community type r i s s r lis cir s c li or ic s and spp. and ater level on changes in processes that govern marsh surface elevation. e ill also evaluate the interplay of these processes on the feedbac systems that influence elevation and ultimately marsh sustainability. t . . urphree ildlife anagement rea in ort rthur e as in a permanently flooded impoundment rod surface elevation tables ill be used to assess changes in surface elevation. eldspar mar er hori ons root and rhi ome decomposition bags and ingro th cores ill be used to measure accretion nutrient dynamics and decomposition rates and belo ground productivity respectively. n a nearby impoundment that is periodically dra n do n soil carbon flu ill be measured in each of the three perennial plant community types. y e amining the relationships bet een the processes that drive marsh sustainability and evaluating the influence of plant community and ater level on marsh surface elevation e ill gain a better understanding of ho marshes behave under permanently inundated conditions. ltimately e hope to inform alternative management strategies that ill increase soil elevation gains in coastal marshes in the Chenier lain and globally thereby bolstering these dynamic ecosystems against increasing sea level rise.
O shley . ooth is a h tudent studying coastal etland ecology at ouisiana tate niversity. he has a bac ground in veterinary medicine and completed a Master’s thesis on endocrine disruption in blue crabs in 2016. Her research interests include coastal land loss ethnobotany and science communication.
Contact nformation shley . ooth ouisiana tate niversity chool of ene able atural esources aton ouge
46 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
i . Di r r Amy B. Borde l ri . lli il Marine ciences aborator aci ic orth est ational aborator e uim
oastal and lu ial etland ecos stems near the land ard limits o salt ater can unction as depositional re ions or terrestrial nitro en and carbon bound or the ocean. on term trends indicate that salinit is mi ratin substantiall land ard in man re ions and is predicted to do so in comin decades in the aci ic orth estern . han in h drolo ic and salinit re imes at the intersection o ri er basin and coastal nearshore processes in turn can produce shi ts in soil bio chemistr . he impacts o these shi ts on and c clin depend in lar e part on microbial communit unction. n this stud e sou ht to discern the sensiti it o coastal etland soils to altered h drolo ic and salinit re imes. ur o erarchin oal as to uanti shi ts in H 2 and 2 lu es rom a tidal resh ater etland communit in response to salt ater intrusion. nderstandin the e ects o lar e scale disturbances on the unction o coastal etlands as reenhouse as sources or sin s is critical to impro in process rich models o climate chan e e ects. han es in pore ater salinit are e pected to o er helm the salt tolerance o some plant and microbial communities. Ho e er the ma nitude and time rame o responses to salt ater intrusion b soil microbial communities in these ecos stems as measured b reenhouse as lu are not ell studied. e aimed to address this no led e ap throu h h pothesis dri en e periments on intact soil cores in the ambient coastal en ironment.
ased on the ariable tolerance o microbial ta a to salinit e h pothesi ed that sudden chan es in salinit re imes ould a ect communit unctions includin the emission o reenhouse ases. e used a coupled ca it rin do n spectrometer and automated chamber s stem suitable or samplin rapidl chan in conditions. e conducted a reenhouse as lu e periment outdoors at a coastal laborator in three month phases. ach phase continuousl sampled si 1 cm deep b 1 cm diameter tidal resh ater etland soil cores on an hourl basis. e compared resh ater and ppt salinit treatments under saturated and tidal periodic saturation conditions in di erent combinations durin the phases.
e ound that the contribution rom 2 as suppressed b the saturated treatment compared to the tidal treatment and the tide in condition as suppressed compared to the tide out condition in both the ppt treatment and resh ater treatment. hen the tide as out the ppt treatment suppressed the e olution o as 2compared to the resh ater treatment. he ppt condition suppressed as H compared to resh ater under saturated conditions. urther tidal inundation suppressed lu as H compared to saturation and both ne ati e and positi e lu es occurred. he contribution o rom 2 spi ed as the tide shi ted in the ppt and the resh ater treatments ho e er the ma nitude as lo er in the resh ater treatment.
hese results indicate that under a sea le el rise scenario salt ater in lu at a ppt le el ould suppress e ol ed as H and to a lesser de ree 2. aturation hen achie ed ould also suppress e ol ed as 2. Ho e er the contribution o rom 2 ould increase ith salinit spi in durin tidal luctuation.
m orde is a senior research scientist ith more than 20 ears o e perience in etland ecolo . he has e tensi e e perience ith etland research particularl e aluatin the e ects o ar in en ironmental conditions on etland response.
ontact n ormation m . orde Marine ciences aborator 1 2 . e uim a d. e uim 2
47 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Katie Bowes c i i o . i epartment o ceano raph and oastal ciences ouisiana tate ni ersit aton ou e
cess loadin o phosphorus and nitro en into a uatic s stems leads to de radation o ater ualit and diminished important ecos stem ser ices. n the orthern ul o Me ico M e cess and loadin has led to a seasonall present h po ic area ith less than 2 m 2 in bottom aters appro imatin 26 000 m2 in si e in 201 . se uential e traction method as per ormed on sur icial sediments rom i e di erent coastal and shel sites as a unction o distance rom the Mississippi i er mouth in the M. o better uanti temporal ariabilit in distribution and speciation samples ere collected durin both lo u ust and hi h Ma ri er lo re imes. e uential e traction techni ues ha e been success ul in separatin pools o into e chan eable or loosel sorbed e uthi enic etrital and r anic . reliminar anal ses su est that Ma concentrations are si ni icantl hi her than u ust concentrations. here as no consistent trend in concentration ith sediment depth. he 0 10 cm sediment inter al as characteri ed b a mean moisture content o . 12.1 and a mean bul densit o 0. 2 0.2 cm . ontinued monitorin o sediment speciation and c clin is critical or understandin coastal eutrophication and in ormin e ecti e nutrient mana ement strate ies to combat h po ia.
atie o es is a raduate esearch ssistant in the etland and uatic io eochemistr ab at ouisiana tate ni ersity. Katie’s research ocuses on phosphorus speciation and distribution in coastal ouisiana as a unction o seasonal h po ia.
ontact n ormation atie o es ouisiana tate ni ersit est ar er l d. aton ou e 0 0
48 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Joshua L. Breithaupt1 os . o is . rs1, D ris i . rs i e sity e t a i a a i e sity t i a t. ete s t e ss i e sity s a e t a es st a ia
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49 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Paul E. Brewer . ric o i l
. li i r . r i oli –
50 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Stephanie T. Castle, Eliška Rejmánková
other enzymes. Using Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficients, we found a significant positive correla
51 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Lisa G. Chambers , avalen einm lle , n an , an on , o o ne , Rame Re University of entral lorida, rlando, , US hinese cademy of Sciences, hangchun, hina u ian ormal University, uzhou, hina University of lorida, ainesville, US
Sea level rise e poses many freshwater coastal wetland soils to gradual increases in salinity, as well as more fre uent salinity pulsing events. he uni ue chemistry of seawater has the potential to significantly alter soil micro ial communities, physiochemical properties, and iogeochemical cycles. f particular concerns is the effect of saltwater intrusion on soil organic car on cycling, ecause the alance etween inputs and losses are a key factor in determining the likelihood a coastal wetland will e a le to accrete vertically at a pace sufficient to persist with rising sea levels. dditionally, the soil organic matter also contains vast stores of nutrients e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus that may undergo accelerated mineralization following saltwater introduction. Several la oratory scale studies have een conducted on freshwater wetland soils from varying locations in attempt to etter understand the short term mechanistic response of soil micro ial community function and soil physiochemical properties to seawater additions. ey findings indicate that the intrusion of low salinity seawater . to ppt has the potential to significantly accelerate micro ial activity, resulting in increased losses of total mainly as and nitrogen mainly as , without any suppression of production. n contrast, the effects of low salinity seawater on phosphorus and dissolved organic production in freshwater wetland soils are varia le and site dependent.
r. ham ers is an ssistant rofessor in the iology epartment at the University of entral lorida and the rinciple nvestigator of the uatic iogeochemistry a . er research focuses on iogeochemical cycling in wetlands and coastal ecosystems with a particular interest in responses to pertur ations e.g., sea level rise, storm surge, restoration, vegetation community shifts .
ontact nformation isa ham ers, University of entral lorida, i ra r., rlando, ., US
52 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
i an e eke , anne o kin , i ael a on , o i ami , E ik ille kov , an Jeffrey P. Chanton1 epartment of arth, cean, and tmospheric Science, lorida State University, allahassee, , US , epartment of hemistry and iochemistry, lorida State University, allahassee, , US epartment of iology and the ale iving with akes entre, aurentian University, Sud ury, , anada School of orest Resources and nvironmental Science, ichigan echnological University, oughton, , US U.S. orest Service, orthern Research Station, oughton, , US
eatlands contain around one third of the glo al soil car on, with the greatest concentration occurring at high latitudes, and a warming climate is predicted to impact the car on alance within these systems. hile high latitude peatlands seem to e the most sensitive to climate change, a glo al picture of peat organic matter chemistry is re uired to improve models of greenhouse gas emissions fueled y peatland decomposition. s a part of the lo al eatland icro iome ro ect , around samples of peat were measured with ourier transform infrared spectroscopy R to e amine the organic matter functional groups of peat. ar ohydrate and aromatic content, as determined y R, are useful pro ies of decomposition potential and recalcitrance, respectively.
ur research uestions were as follows ill car ohydrate content of peatlands near the e uator e lower than those at high latitudes ill aromatic content of peatlands near the e uator e higher than those at high latitudes hat does the distri ution in peat chemistry mean in terms of a warming climate
Relative to higher latitudes, lower latitude peat had less car ohydrate content and more aromatic content ased on R spectra peak heights. he larger car ohydrate content of high latitude peatlands indicates greater potential for la ility and resultant mineralization to form greenhouse gases, whereas the composition of low latitude peatlands is consistent with their apparent sta ility. ther varia les such as elevation and p can more directly influence car ohydrate and aromatic content, ut the overall trend shows peat at lower latitudes is more decomposed than peat at higher latitudes. he com ination of low car ohydrates and high aromatics at warmer locations near the e uator could foreshadow the organic matter composition of high latitude peat transitioning to a more recalcitrant form with a warming climate.
eff hanton is on the faculty at lorida State University in the epartment of arth cean and tmospheric Science. e is interested in the controls on organic matter preservation and la ility.
ontact nformation r. effrey hanton, lorida State University, allahassee , US
53 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Samantha K. Chapman , lenn ol en , ea e an , el ea a e o epartment of iology, illanova University illanova, , US epartment of iological Sciences, ndian River State ollege, , US
limate change alters coastal wetland ecosystems oth directly through chronic warming and indirectly via influences on plant community structure. n terrestrial ecosystems, oth warming and climate induced plant changes have een shown to alter root dynamics, decomposition and micro ial functioning. hough we are beginning to understand the implications of mangrove encroachment for marsh ecosystem processes, we don’t yet understand how processes such as elowground car on storage and soil elevation maintenance will respond to direct climatic warming. hough drivers of oth mangrove encroachment and soil elevation differ across the glo e, e amining the effects of warming on plant and micro ial processes can potentially advance our mechanistic understanding of the coastal elowground environment.
Using two passive warming e periments, we measured a oveground plant growth, root dynamics, decomposition rates, car on stocks, and micro ial communities with the goal of e amining future wetland soil elevation maintenance and car on storage. arming cham ers, placed at the ecotone etween mangroves and salt marshes in eastern lorida, warmed the air temperature y an average of . armed plots produced two times more salt marsh iomass and taller mangroves with more leaves. angroves also rapidly took over the marsh in plots that were warmed. e were surprised to find that warming seems to decrease salt marsh root iomass, particularly in deeper sediments. onversely, warming dramatically increased root iomass in areas where shru y mangroves had invaded marshes. hese warming induced increases in root iomass resulted in increased relative surface elevation in less than two years. espite these increases in organic matter due to the interaction of warming and mangrove encroachment, mangrove roots can decompose more rapidly than marsh roots after one year. urther, mangrove encroachment also changes the soil micro ial community structure y decreasing the amount of o ligate anaero ic micro es, potentially indicating that soil o ygen availa ility is higher, which may also alter organic matter decomposition rates. s oth mangrove encroachment and warming continue to take hold in some coastal ecosystems, we need a etter understanding of the alance of root iomass accumulation and organic matter decomposition, which will e important for maintaining wetland resilience to inundation.
Samantha hapman is an ecosystem ecologist and the nne uinn elsh onors faculty fellow at illanova University. Sam uses glo al change e periments and mechanisms la techni ues to investigate coastal and terrestrial forest ecosystems.
ontact nformation r. Samantha hapman, illanova University, illanova,
54 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Bahram Charkhian outh lorida ater anagement istrict, est alm each, ,
he purpose of the iscayne ay oastal etlands pro ect is to contribute to the restoration of iscayne ay and ad acent coastal wetlands as part of a comprehensive plan for restoring the south lorida ecosystem he pro ect redistributes freshwater from e isting point source canal discharges to coastal wetlands ad acent to iscayne ay providing for a more natural and historic overland flow to remnant tidal cree s he pro ect will improve the ecological function of saltwater wetlands and the nearshore bay environment by improving salinity conditions for fish and shellfish nursery habitat
he ater esources eform and evelopment ct of authori ed the iscayne ay oastal etlands ro ect lements of these pro ects have been constructed and operated over the last years hase is composed of three components eering state, utler etlands and omponent n advance of congressional authori ation, the outh lorida ater anagement istrict constructed the eering state omponent and installed culverts for the omponent y e pediting the completion of these pro ect features, hydrologic improvements and environmental benefits are already being reali ed
omparison of ecological monitoring data collected during the last si years with previous baseline data, indicates that the pro ect is trending towards success here is improved water uality to the bay as fresh water is redirected from canals to wetlands via the ulverts and the eering state omponent dditionally, point source fresh water discharges have been reduced onitoring results clearly demonstrate improved hydrologic conditions in response to operation of the eering state pump station he nterim electric pump was installed in arch , and became operational in ugust here were no e ceedances of lass marine water criteria for eering state omponent and ulverts
egetation within the vicinity of eering state low way is responding to improved hydrology demonstrated by die off of upland vegetation, emergence of wetland species and e pansion of sawgrass urface water salinity decreased to in response to the pumping of fresh water from the eering state omponent ump tation into the historic remnant wetlands in the vicinity of utler ree roundwater salinity near the eering state low way also responded to the input of fresh water from into the historic remnant wetlands, salinity decreased to less than awgrass mapping of acres in the iami ade ounty reserve wetlands was performed in and uring that period of time there was a acre increase he istrict recently, recommended changes in operation of eering state ump station using a cfs pumping and regime that will improve the condition for developing natural wetland hydroperiods and other recommendations that would improve sheet flow across wetlands
his presentation will focus on recent restoration benefits in the iscayne ay oastal etland ro ect
ontact nformation ahram har hian, outh lorida ater anagement istrict, un lub oad, est alm each,
55 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
– Guangcheng Chen1, on e , n an en , an , ai i en , , in an an in en hird nstitute of ceanography, tate ceanic dministration, iamen, u ian, hina iamen niversity, iamen, u ian, hina
angrove rehabilitations have been widely carried out to compensate the loss of mangrove wetlands around the world he restoration practices also contribute to substantial benefit for climate change mitigation through blue carbon se uestration by the created mangrove ecosystem uitable habitat conditions, e g tidal elevation, substrates and salinity, and dense plantation as well would improve the biomass carbon se uestration n hina, tree mangrove species have been widely used for plantation due to considerations li e availability of propagules, cost efficiency and rapid canopy coverage lthough the tree mangrove forest has faster accumulation in biomass organic carbon stoc , a recent study in outh u ian, hina showed that the dwarf e i e a o ni la m shrub has more a substantial effect on the soil accumulation than that of a an elia o ova a forest with similar age years and plantation density, and resulted in higher soil stoc hese suggest that the variability of mangrove species in carbon se uestration benefit should be considered in the mangrove restorations
n another study in in outh u ian, hina, we also recorded increases in soil content and ecosystem stoc including the biomass and top meter soil stoc s with forest age in the restored o ova a forests he ecosystem stoc was ha at the non vegetated mudflat as beginning stage of the restoration, and increased to ha at the year site and to ha at the year site owever, accumulation of in the soils leaded to increases in carbon gas emissions from the soil to the atmosphere he warming effects of two trace gases, nitrous o ide and methane , would partially reduce the carbon se uestrated by the ecosystem in the older forest
oreover, anthropogenic nutrient inputs would enhance the greenhouse gas emissions from mangrove soils or instance, discharge of wash out wastewater from ad acent shrimp ponds rich in organic matter and nutrient into mangrove wetland had no significant effect on soil carbon dio ide flu however, the discharge immediately leaded to intensive increase in soil flu es of and , which could be respectively up to ~100 μmolN m h and ~100 μmolCH m h , while the flu es at the non discharge site were <1 μmolN m h and <20 μmolCH m h , respectively lthough the and flu es faded with sampling time, the enhancement effect lasted for days e therefore suggested that warming effect of greenhouse gas emissions form mangrove soils, especially those sub ected to e ogenous nutrient input would reduce the benefit of mangrove restorations in carbon se uestration and it is therefore essential to reduce discharges from various anthropogenic activities, particularly nutrient rich wastewater
r hen is speciali ed in mangrove ecology and his research interests mainly focus on the understanding the development of ecosystem structure and functions of restored mangrove wetlands, and the potential of mangrove wetlands to climate change mitigation
ontact nformation uangcheng hen, hird nstitute of ceanography, tate ceanic dministration a ue oad, iamen, u ian, , hina
56 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Hongjun Chen, e en o in, avi n e on outh lorida ater anagement istrict, est alm each, ,
issolved o ygen availability in streams influences the growth, distribution, and structural organi ation of a uatic communities and thereby impacts the metabolism and productivity of a uatic ecosystems s an indicator of water quality and the ecosystem’s response to hydrologic and physical restoration, DO is one of the important performance measures being used to evaluate the status and success of the issimmee iver estoration ro ect ince completion of hase construction in , declines in concentration in the hase area resulting in hypo ic – mg and ano ic mg levels have occurred at least annually in the issimmee iver sag events are defined as starting when declines below mg and ending when rises above mg our sag events observed in 2016−2017 were anoxic events in which the concentration of DO declined below 1 mg/L. hey were therefore potentially lethal to entrarchids bass and other sunfish and would be e pected to have the potential to inhibit recovery of entrarchid populations hree of the ano ic events were associated with increases in flow from the river’s headwaters lakes caused by heavy rainfall in the Upper Kissimmee Basin; the fourth event occurred in early wet season and may have been initiated by pre event rainfall associated with runoff from the floodplain he effects of rapid increases in upstream discharge on photosynthesis and respiration, both alone and in concert with local rainfall, can drive and sustain hypo ic ano ic conditions in the issimmee iver e hypothesi e that most declines occur when increases in flow and rainfall reduce light penetration by increases in water depth and turbidity physically disturb photosynthetic a uatic biota and mobili e nutrients from soils and organic debris as dissolved organic , , and , both on the inundated floodplain and in runoff from the floodplain to the river channel when flow is within channel ban such influ es of nutrients can increase the rate of biochemical o ygen demand due to higher respiration aily data from monitoring stations in the issimmee iver are analy ed in relation to upstream discharge and local rainfall otential mechanisms for these sag events are discussed, as are adaptive water management actions that may reduce the severity and or duration of sag events
r hen is a senior scientist with more than years of e perience designing and implementing wetland research pro ects e has e tensive e perience with the verglades restoration, stormwater treatment wetlands, and issimmee iver estoration ro ect
ontact nformation ong un hen, pplied cience ureau, un lub d, est alm each, ,
57 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Michael J. Chimney outh lorida ater anagement District, est alm Beach, , U
he lorida verglades is a vast oligotrophic freshwater wetland that contains a variety of habitat types e g , open water slough, wet prairie, sawgrass marsh, tree island and dominates the landscape of south lorida his unique ecosystem is of immense ecological importance on both a national and international level gricultural and urban development over the last years has reduced the present day size of the Everglades (≈ 960,000 ha ac to only percent of its original e tent n addition, portions of the verglades have e perienced eutrophication primarily due to the inflow of phosphorus rich runoff coming chiefly from the verglades gricultural rea he verglades tormwater reatment reas s are a comple of five large constructed treatment wetlands operated by the outh lorida ater anagement District District that are integral components of tate and ederal efforts to protect what remains of the historic verglades he s have been in operation for the past years, over which time their treatment area has increased from an initial single wetland in 1994 (≈ 1,500 ha [3,800 ac]) to today’s wetland complex that encompasses ≈ 23,000 ha (57,000 ac tormwater runoff is routed into the s through a system of canals, pump stations and other water control structures that are part of the District’s flood control infrastructure Because the verglades is limited, the primary function of the s is to reduce the total concentration in runoff to levels that are protective of the downstream verglades ecosystem
reatment performance requirements mandated by the operating permit are based solely on reducing outflow concentrations owever, these wetlands process other constituents to varying degrees or e ample, the period of record O removal of and total nitrogen for all combined is and , respectively he s routinely reduce outflow concentrations of inorganic and species O O , , O to method detection levels while they are much less effective at sequestering dissolved organic and fractions he s also process other water quality parameters, such as iron, calcium and sulfate he primary long term storage sink in the s is the accretion of algal, microbial and plant biomass into the wetland sediments oncern has been voiced that sediments may become saturated over time and gradually lose their ability to act as a storage sink leading to a reduction in treatment performance Data presented at indicated no long term decline in removal in the s his presentation will build on this analysis and evaluate whether there is any evidence that the s over their O have e perienced loss of treatment for other constituents based on an e amination of cumulative inflow mass versus cumulative retained mass curves and annual areal loading rates
B O Dr himney is an applied limnologist with years of research and monitoring e perience in a variety of freshwater habitats e holds professional certifications from , and mployed at the District since , Dr himney has participated in numerous pro ects involving the s and other water treatment technologies
ontact nformation Dr ichael himney, outh lorida ater anagement District, un lub d , est alm Beach, , U
58 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Gail L. Chmura , ee van enne , an ollen e , oma o e , im i a c ill University, ontreal, , anada Bryn awr ollege, Bryn awr, , U University of uelph, uelph, O , anada
alt marshes are recogni ed for their e ceptional rates of storage of organic carbon termed “blue carbon”. They have served as blue carbon sinks for millennia, in some locations accumulating meters of carbon rich soil On many coasts around the world marshes have been sub ected to drainage, primarily for agriculture and presumably causing significant losses of stored organic carbon Despite the geographically e tensive nature of this practice the rate or e tent of blue carbon loss with marsh drainage has been documented in few areas e are aware of research quantifying rates of loss from salt marsh drainage at only three sites enice agoon, taly; the acramento Delta, alifornia, U ; and the unter stuary, ew outh ales, ustralia n fact these were the only studies available to calculate default emission factors prepared for the upplement to the uidelines on ational reenhouse as nventories etlands
he sites where marsh drainage was e amined all have mild winter temperatures thus are likely to have more rapid annual decomposition rates and not be representative of losses from marshes on colder coastlines, such as the east coast of anada ree ing winter temperatures on the anadian coast should reduce carbon losses from its drained marshes o assess carbon loss of marshes in this region, we e amined short and long term carbon loss in drained marshes along the t awrence iver, uebec ong term carbon loss was calculated by comparing the carbon inventory of flooded and drained marshes e simulated short term carbon loss that would occur immediately upon drainage, by deploying decomposition bags over a growing season e found that short term decomposition of belowground biomass in the drained marsh soil was nearly twice that of the undrained soil ong term average rates of loss in drained soils was nearly g m yr lower than the default emission factor available to estimate greenhouse gas emissions with land use change
BIO: Dr. Chmura is a professor in McGill’s Department of Geography. She has greater than 25 years’ experience researching tidal wetlands. er research has been focused on greenhouse gas flu , carbon storage, sea level change and coastal squee e, as well as paleo environmental reconstruction of wetlands
ontact nformation Department of eography, c ill University, herbrooke t , ontreal, , B , anada
59 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Mark I. Cook, an e man, i ael anna, i a ei South lorida ater Management District est alm Beach S
utrient cycles and loads are important determinants of the ecological character of wetland ecosystems and ha e been greatly affected by human actions. Despite the importance of nutrients in wetlands the aried lin ages between nutrient cycles and wetland fauna ha e recei ed scant attention. ere we explore some of these lin ages in the context of the ecology and restoration of the lorida erglades an oligotrophic wetland ecosystem that has suffered half a century of anthropogenic phosphorus inputs extensi e alterations to its hydrology and declines in its populations of wildlife.
irst we examine how le els indirectly affect fauna through impacts on habitat structure. inputs to the oligotrophic erglades ha e caused a regime shift from the original sawgrass la i m jamai en e ridge and slough matrix to ha of dense emergent egetation dominated by cattail a spp . ey constraint on ecosystem function is the high density of the emergent egetation which results in net heterotrophic production and limits access to wildlife. e assessed a ian and a uatic faunal responses to a multi year ecosystem scale experiment that tested the effecti eness of chemical treatment and controlled burning as a management strategy to accelerate the reco ery of a eutrophic erglades marsh. The management strategy resulted in a significant change in the proportion of open water habitat dissol ed oxygen concentrations primary producti ity and a uatic metabolism. The a erage combined biomass of small fish and crustaceans did not differ significantly between dense emergent egetation and created openings but community composition did differ between treatments with crayfish dominating in emergent egetation and small fish and grass shrimp dominating in open water. ish had greater whole body C and contents low C: compared with the two crustaceans. lthough the management action did not alter the uantity mg carbon m2 or energy cal m2 of fauna the resultant shift in composition did correspond with an increase in the nutrient uality mg m2 and low C: of fauna. The faunal community composition of the created open water habitats in the eutrophic erglades was similar to that of oligotrophic erglades howe er density and biomass were significantly lower for the oligotrophic region. Moreo er fish and decapod crustaceans from the oligotrophic region were smaller and had lower whole body contents than organisms from eutrophic regions. This suggests that consumers are limit in the oligotrophic erglades. These difference in the production and uality of prey fauna between the eutrophic openings and oligotrophic erglades led to changes in the composition and abundances of waterbird communities between the areas as well as important differences in the mechanisms dri ing prey a ailability.
Second we explore some of the mechanisms by which wildlife impact nutrient cycling in the erglades. or example fish and wading birds play a ey role in fertili ing arious wetland habitats by transporting and concentrating nutrients ia their feces nesting and decomposing bodies. e discuss the implications of the dramatic loss of wildlife populations to erglades nutrient cycling as well as the potential impacts of reco ering these populations through hydrologic restoration.
BIO: Dr. Coo is an a ian ecologist with 22 years of experience studying waterbirds. is research focuses on how wetland processes such as hydrology and nutrient run off affect wading bird foraging and reproducti e success.
Contact Information: Mar I. Coo erglades Systems ssessment Section pplied Sciences Bureau South lorida ater Management District est alm Beach S
60 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Jennifer Cooper, imo an an ami a a o ni ersity of lorida erglades esearch and ducation Center Belle Glade S
hosphorus enrichment has been identified as a contributor to the diminished water uality and negati e ecological changes occurring in the erglades ational ar in southern lorida. Discharges from the erglades gricultural rea a former sawgrass marsh drained for agricultural use in the early s ha e been identified as a source of ele ated le els in the erglades. Discharges from the contain approximately 5 particulate predominantly from plant detrital material with the remaining in the more reacti e dissol ed form. Calcium has been assumed to be the predominant element that to precipitate with phosphorus and remo e from the mobile phase howe er direct comparati e experiments of the potential for other metals Mg e l Mn to precipitate under conditions ha e not been tested. dditionally floating a uatic egetation which can alter p and oxidation reduction potential has not been examined for its potential impact on different mineral precipitations with . To uantify the different contributions of egetation and minerals to phosphorus remo al we performed a greenhouse le el study comparing the remo al of from canal water in the presence of Ca Mg e l and Mn minerals in 25 drums. Three replicates of each mineral were seeded with while another three replicates were grown without . ew canal water was introduced to the drums e ery two wee s with wee ly or bi wee ly collection of phosphorus species p oxidation reduction potential mass of accumulated detrital matter mass loss of mineral and analysis of water Ca Mg e l and Mn concentrations. Calcium precipitation with total was highly influenced by the presence of with mean total remo al increasing from . with co erage to in the absence of . The magnesium treatment was not significantly affected by co erage with mean total remo al of with and without . The iron was also not significantly affected by the presence of a eraging 2 with and 2 without . The presence of significantly reduced total remo al in the manganese treatment from without to . emo al of total under aluminum treatment was also affected by the presence of with total remo al increasing from with to 2 without . Our results indicate that Mn may play an important role in remo al in the along with Ca and warrants further research.
BIO: Dr. Cooper is a postdoctoral research associate wor ing on reduction of phosphorus discharges and soil subsidence in the erglades gricultural rea of Southern lorida.
Contact Information: Dr. ennifer . Cooper esearch group of Dr. Samira Daroub 2 Canal St Belle Glade
61 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
R. Corstanje1, a a ka , vano , an ie o Cranfield ni ersity Cranfield nited ingdom 2South lorida ater Management District est alm Beach S
Data analytics of large datasets are increasingly being used in the en ironmental studies to explore underlying factors structures and dri ers which are not immediately ob ious. The combination of remote sensing large scale sampling and sensors has resulted in larger datasets becoming more pre alent in en ironmental studies including wetlands. ere we apply these methods to the Stormwater Treatment reas ST s . The ST s were constructed along the northern boundary of the erglades as engineered ecological systems designed to retain from water flowing into the erglades. This research focused on a large data set from 2 2 to 2 from ST s using a pattern see ing b confirmatory modelling approaches and c spectral decomposition methods to determine the stability or resilience of the systems. The spatial analysis found common spatial patterns forming onal patterns of distribution that may increasingly align with the predominant flow path o er time. indings also indicate that the primary dri ers of the spatial distribution of in many of these systems relate to soil characteristics. The results also suggest that coupled cycles may be a ey component of these systems i.e. the mo ement and transformation of is coupled to that of nitrogen . The spectral decomposition of outflow data was then used to determine the stability and resilience of these systems illustrating how these methods can be used describe underlying data structures and their stability o er time.
Contact Information: rof. onald Corstan e Cranfield ni ersity Cranfield nited ingdom
62 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Kristofer Covey ale School of orestry and n ironmental Studies ew a en CT S
orests se uester . . g C yr an ecosystem ser ice worth hundreds of billions of dollars annually. ollowing the CO 2 meeting in aris an international consensus emerged: the protection and expansion of forests is necessary to limit global warming to less than 2 C . The fact that trees emit methane C howe er is underappreciated despite the potential for these emissions to significantly offset the climate benefit of forest CO2 se uestration. ere we determined C concentrations in broadlea ed and coniferous trees in paired young and mature stands across 2 sites in the eastern .S. finding C concentrations as high as . i.e. 5 times atmospheric concentrations . The highest concentrations were found in older broadlea ed trees during the growing season 2 2.2 . ppm with e ergreen species showing only modestly ele ated concentrations 2 . . ppm . Diffusion modelling suggests that these mature broadlea ed trees in particular are a source of C to the atmosphere a result confirmed using chamber methods to directly measure C efflux through the bar of li ing and newly felled trees. sing the year global warming potential G for C we estimate that this C production pathway may reduce the collecti e climate mitigation alue of the eastern forest by . owe er because concentrations ary with species identity and stand age the climate ser ice benefit of some forest stands could be reduced by 25 or more.
BIO: Dr. Co ey is the ead Scientist at the cross igh lains Stewardship Initiati e and a ecturer in orest Dynamics at the ale School of orestry and n ironmental Studies. is research focuses on an i in e l o me ane om livin ee ia in i microbial methanogenesis.
Contact Information: Dr. ristofer Co ey ale ni ersity School of orestry and n ironmental Studies ew a en CT
63 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Hayley Craig1, lka elle , Ri a a e an enni e Ro n ee School of arth and n ironmental Sciences The ni ersity of Manchester Manchester nited ingdom 2Smithsonian n ironmental esearch Center dgewater MD S School of Science and the n ironment Manchester Metropolitan ni ersity Manchester nited ingdom
Mangro e soils contain a di erse community of microorganisms that perform a ast array of ecological functions. s mangro es are naturally sub ect to fre uent changes in en ironmental conditions it is thought that high bacterial di ersity in mangro e soils could ameliorate detrimental impacts associated with en ironmental disturbance. In mangro e forests of the ew orld where plant species di ersity is low intraspecific genetic di ersity of plants could play an important role in controlling the di ersity of mangro e associate species including soil microorganisms. A loss of plant genetic diversity can reduce a habitat’s ability to cope with disturbance and if this also leads to a reduction in microbial di ersity the problem could be compounded. Changes in microbial community composition may also ha e implications for nutrient cycling in these systems. ew studies ha e used molecular biology methods to assess microorganism di ersity and composition in mangro e soils and none that we now of ha e loo ed at whether this is lin ed to plant genetic di ersity. This study aims to assess how di ersity and composition of soil microbial communities are affected by plant genetic di ersity plant species identity and habitat one.
eaf samples were collected from R i o o a man le and vi ennia e minan across different habitat ones at two sites in lorida for microsatellite analysis using mar ers de eloped for this geographic region. D was extracted from soil collected beneath each of the plants sampled and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms T and Illumina se uencing were used to assess soil microbial community di ersity and composition. dditional soil ariables including p temperature moisture and nutrient content were also assessed. This study provides much needed information on the composition of Florida’s mangrove soil communities and the factors that influence them.
BIO: ayley Craig is a hD student in estigating how plant genetic di ersity and nutrient pollution influence composition and function of soil microbial communities in mangro e ecosystems.
Contact Information: ayley Craig School of arth and n ironmental Sciences The ni ersity of Manchester Michael Smith Building Do er Street Manchester nited ingdom M T
64 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Stephen Crooks1, om i , a e e ol , lan a e nal , ame olm i , i an o le , a i k e oni al , en , iana on ie , an e e i ilvestrum limate Associates ill alley A A nvironmental rotection Agency ashington ashington A AA harleston ffice for oastal anagement harleston A mithsonian nstitute mithsonian nvironmental esearch enter dgewater A Florida nternational niversity nvironmental esearch tr. ept. iological ciences iami F A The ature onservancy ethesda A AA limate rogram ffice ilver pring A
The Inventory of U.S. GHG Emissions and Sinks’ ( nven o chapter on and se and se hange and Forestry F reports stoc changes and emissions of and from forest management and other land use land use change activities. ith the release of the upplement to the uidelines for ational nventories etlands e lan lemen the nited tates has begun wor ing to include emissions and removals from management activities on coastal wetlands
To support the A AA formed an interagency and science community group i.e. oastal etland arbon or ing roup tas ed with conducting an initial Tier baseline assessment of emissions and removals associated with coastal wetlands using the methodologies described in the etlands upplement.
The . . process of building the inventory reporting years has draws on freely available andsat data country specific soil carbon stoc s data derived from peer review literature and approaches for calculating carbon stoc change. Activity data in the form of land cover and landuse change is derived from a series of surveys collated under the AA oastal hange Analysis rogram A . istribution of organic soils was derived from national soil survey databases. uantification of e tent of remaining coastal wetlands and former wetlands now converted to other land use categories are ey elements of the analysis. These results were derived from AA oastal hange Analysis rogram A a national A dataset to provide topography coupled with analysis of tide station data to map tidal water incursion and e tent of organic soils derived from oil urvey mapping. Tier i.e. country specific level subnational climate one estimates of carbon stoc s including soils along with carbon se uestration rates and methane emissions rates have been developed from literature.
Future opportunities to improve the coastal wetland estimates include refined analysis of reference soil carbon stoc s and uncertainty analysis refined uantification of methane emissions from wetlands across the salinity gradient including mapping of this gradient and from impounded waters uantification of impacts of forestry activities on wetland soils emissions and removals on forested tidally influenced and palustrine wetlands on coastal land areas the fate of carbon released from eroded wetlands and the e tent of seagrass along with the emissions and removals associated with anthropogenic impacts to them.
r. roo s is a wetland scientist with more than years of e perience planning designing and implementing wetlands restoration pro ects. e serves as the ource ead to the A for oastal etlands.
ontact nformation tephen roo s eminary rive ill alley A
65 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Emily M. Dangremond1, lka elle ooseve t University S ha m r I US Smithsonian Environmenta esear h enter Ed e ater US
Coastal wetlands have experienced regime shifts through major changes to their foundational species. In Florida’s tem erate tro i a e otone here man roves and sa tmarshes meet man roves have in reased in a ndan e sin e . Ho ever et een and man rove ha itat e anded and ontra ted indi atin that man rove e ansion may not e so e y attri ta e to re ent imate han e t may e an on oin dynami ro ess of e ansion and ontra tion. In this st dy e investi ate the drivers of re ime shifts et een man rove and sa tmarsh in the tem erate tro i a e otone. e om ined histori a re ords and ima ery ith fie d o servations and revio s remote sensin ana ysis to eva ate the hy othesis that ar e infre ent dist r an es name y free e events and h rri anes are the main drivers of this re ime shift.
In the a sen e of free e events man roves s o y o y the e otone y short distan e dis ersa as ro a es dis erse short distan es from the arent ant and o t om ete sa tmarsh ants. ie d data on ro a e dis ersa fo o in H rri ane Irma in sho ed that ro a e density an in reased from ro a es m in the a sen e of a h rri ane to . ro a es m after a h rri ane. This s orts the idea that h rri anes an in rease the s eed of a re ime shift y on distan e dis ersa arti ar y hen they hit in ate Se tem er to ear y to er and tra k so th to north a on the oast of orida. an roves had a ra id e ansion fo o in h rri anes in and and a ran e ontra tion fo o in free es in and . rin the s there ere fo r severe free es that revented man rove ro th. Severe free es and h rri anes are ar e infre ent dist r an es that shifted the fo ndationa s e ies in the man rove sa tmarsh e otone et een and . These dist r an es ike y a sed simi ar re ime shifts in ear ier time eriods hi h is s orted y histori a a o nts of man rove resen e in the e otone and a o nts of man rove die offs fo o in free e events. Histori a re ords datin to the s indi ate that man roves may have o rred in their resent o ations at revio s eriods. Under the rrent redi tions for imate han e e e e t a han e to this nat ra os i ation d e to armin tem erat res and han es to h rri ane fre en y intensity oth of hi h favor man rove e ansion.
I Emi y an remond has een an assistant rofessor at ooseve t University sin e st . She started st dyin man roves as a h st dent at the University of a ifornia erke ey here she st died elli ie a i o o ae in anama. s a ostdo she st died re o io s re rod tion in man roves at their northern ran e ed e in orida.
onta t Information Emi y an remond ooseve t University . ooseve t vd S ha m r I
66 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Jeroen de Klein1, i illi en , i n , ene a e e o a a , nnelie e aa ageningen niversit ageningen he etherlands staci n iol gica de o ana evilla pain ad oud niversit ijmegen he etherlands
atural and constructed wetlands can emit su stantial amounts of greenhouse gasses . owever the also se uester car on in iomass and thus wetlands can e either sin s or sources of e lein vd erf . he a undance and t pe of a uatic vegetation in wetlands is an important factor for fluxes and the distri ution among the various gasses. ere we studied the effect of floating and su merged vegetation in a natural wetland and in an experimental setting with microcosms. Floating vegetation can affect emissions through multiple mechanisms. Firstl a dense cover of floating vegetation e.g. olla emna will generall reduce ox gen concentrations in the water column and the sediment eraart et al. thus promoting methane production. owever floating iomass can hamper gas exchange with the atmosphere which reduces the actual fluxes osten et al . speciall methane u les might e trapped in the floating roots and can e oxidised to C again efore eing emitted to the atmosphere. It is still unclear which of the contrasting mechanisms will prevail under different conditions.
e uantified emissions in different wetlands of the o ana ational ar in the south of pain. as fluxes were measured in a single field campaign pril with a floating cham er and a field gas anal ser. ine locations were selected in separate shallow la es and wetlands with different t pes and densities of a uatic vegetation. econdl la experiments were performed in the climatic rooms of ageningen niversit . In total microcosms were prepared with different vegetation olla floating emna floating lodea su merged or no plants all treatments in triplicate. uring wee s gas fluxes of all microcosms were measured oth in light and dar times per wee .
as fluxes from the field measurements indicate that with a undant vegetation there is an upta e of C and with medium or low vegetation cover C is emitted even in da time with the highest emission in the more open waters with few vegetation. For C it showed that the highest fluxes are measured from relative open water s stems with vegetation cover. he lowest C fluxes are o served in shallow s stems with almost complete cover of floating and su merged emergent vegetation. From the microcosms experiment we conclude that vegetation promotes emission of . here fluxes are almost a sent in s stems without vegetation clear fluxes are measured in vegetated cosms. ighest fluxes are found in olla s stems oth for C and C . s expected C fluxes are contrasting during dar and light conditions. owever C fluxes generall do not differ etween dar and light. he level of C fluxes in the microcosms is well in line with fluxes in field conditions. verall the research suggests that the dissolved ox gen reduction floating vegetation is a stronger effect on emission than the o structed gas exchange.
I r. de lein is associate professor at ageningen niversit . is research topics involve nutrient and car on c cling in a uatic s stems including emissions. In addition he has an extensive experience in applied water ualit modelling.
Contact Information eroen de lein uatic colog and ater ualit anagement roup ageningen niversit . . ox ageningen he etherlands
67 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
an an e , Jeroen J.M. de Klein2, nne van am etherlands nvironmental ssessment genc he ague he etherlands ageningen niversit ageningen he etherlands I Institute for ater ducation elft he etherlands
here is a growing interest in etlands for ecos stem services and iodiversit . ince two thirds of the world’s wetlands have disappeared and the loss is continuing at the same pace. The remaining wetlands are threatened h drological changes eutrophication pollution and climate change. olic ma ers at oth glo al such as the amsar Convention and the C and national levels are concerned a out the resulting loss of iodiversit and ecos stem services of wetlands.
o what extent are on the glo al scale these services impaired and what solutions would e optimal to solve these pro lems and to improve wetlands functioning glo al model of wetland functioning could provide insights from the ioph sical ecological perspective to sustain this decision ma ing.
ere we present the outlines of a generic model descri ing the effects of climate and land use changes on the functioning of freshwater wetlands world wide expressed in terms of iomass production and accumulation water resources water ualit and emissions. Core varia les are water level nutrients car on and vegetation. he main processes lin ing these are descri ed in a generic wa accounting for climate ones and wetland t pes as minimall necessar for a glo al picture. he model is em edded in and receives forcings from an existing grid ased glo al h drological climate and land use model. In this wa the impacts of climate change land use changes and water use on wetlands functioning can e modelled. eversel the model allows to simulate the contri ution of wetlands to important ecos stem services. he model is now apt for validation on datasets from var ing t pes of wetlands for which we see cooperation with colleagues from different parts of the world.
I r. anse is senior a uatic ecologist at and guest scientist at the eth. Inst. of colog in ageningen with extensive experience in ecological modelling of standing waters e.g. ake and wor ing on glo al iodiversit modelling in integrated assessment projects.
Contact Information an anse etherlands nvironmental ssessment genc he ague he etherlands . . ox he ague he etherlands
68 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA Derek J. Detweiler1, i in o , ovi e ma e ie e , ili e o an , a i ia oo man , an ani ole epartment o arth and cean ciences and enter or arine cience niversit o orth arolina ilmington ilmington nstitut niversitaire urop en de la er niversit de retagne ccidentale rest ester arine ield tation and oastal atershed nstitute lorida ul oast niversit ort ers epartment o iolog and arine iolog and enter or arine cience niversit o orth arolina ilmington ilmington
The Ten Thousand slands TT is a mangrove dominated wetland ecos stem in the southwest lorida verglades. istoricall impacted drainage and channeli ation due to rampant agriculture and ur an development e orts under the ederal omprehensive verglades Restoration Plan (CERP) have aimed to restore, repair, and preserve the quality of TTI’s freshwater resources. This is achieved via canal levee and roadwa removal coupled with pump station and reservoir installation or e ective lood control and reshwater distri ution. n order to properl guide and optimi e these e orts outlines that impacts o pre and post restoration environmental conditions on e ecologic and economic species must e determined.
n TT the eastern o ster a o ea vi ini a is a valua le resource or coastal protection ha itat provision water ualit improvement and mangrove seedling propagation. The pre erred diet o this ilter eeding ivalve t picall includes high ualit la ile particulate organic matter such as ph toplan ton rather than re ractor material that ma comprise allochthonous inputs o e cess nutrients and pollutants. n this stud molecular iomar er anal ses using ph tosterols and sta le isotopes were used to trace sources o terrestriall and a uaticall derived organic matter rom plant material enthic microalgae sediments and o ster digestive tissue. This approach allows or the assessment o trophic resource use in vi ini a prior to restoration. h tosterols in each o these sample t pes were used to identi possi le ood sources and ood ualit to vi ini a diet within three h drologicall distinct a s etween wet and dr seasons.
reliminar results indicate an input o common mangrove derived phytosterols such as amyrin, β sitosterol germanicol etulin and lupeol as determined lea and sediment anal ses. n the wet season data rom o ster digestive tissue revealed that cholesterol comprised nearl hal o all neutral lipid e tracts ollowed by brassicasterol, campesterol, β sitosterol and stigmasterol. n ph tol and cholesterol comprised the ma orit o all neutral lipid e tracts ollowed the a ove mentioned compounds. These results indicate that during the wet season vi ini a eeds mainl on autochthonous ph toplan ton rather than terrestrial . This is evidenced the presence o ph toplan ton derived sterols ound in diatoms pr mnesioph tes and green algae.
terols present in and all other sample t pes rom the dr season will e urther discussed to predict how a restored h drologic low regime ma impact vi ini a diet. ased on seasonal salinit changes it is h pothesi ed that the dr season will e hi it an increased a undance o marine derived ph toplan ton such as dino lagellates in and vi ini a tissue. dditionall increased reshwater low under wetter conditions will e shown to increase primar production ph toplan ton growth and enhanced utili ation o vi ini a h siologicall the a ilit o vi ini a to selectivel ilter higher ualit material even under the stress o altered h drolog highlights the importance o in orming e orts aimed at improving overall water ualit . ence while vi ini a distri ution has decreased in recent decades due to multiple stresses e orts continue to restore the h drologic conditions in which the thrived.
: Derek J. Detweiler is a graduate student at the University of North Carolina Wilmington pursuing a Master’s degree in Marine cience. is research e perience and interests include iogeochemical c cling in wetland ecos stems and associated impacts o altered h drolog on organic matter ualit and trophic resource availa ilit .
ontact n ormation ere etweiler epartment o arth and cean ciences niversit o orth arolina ilmington outh ollege oad ilmington
69 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Brittany Dolan1, ian ova , an E i o lorida ulf Coast University, ort Myers, , U Naples otani al arden, Naples, , U
Rooftop gardens have een used in many ultures throughout history and while they are urrently popular in many areas of the world, they are relatively new in the United tates and rare in outhwest lorida. This study utili es two types of native rooftop gardens in Naples, lorida, a modular wetland garden system whi h is not used in many situations and a eri garden system whi h is more widely used. Rooftop gardens an provide many environmental enefits in luding regulating uilding temperatures, redu ing ur an heat islands, redu ing ur an storm water runoff, in reasing lifespans of roofs, lowering energy osts, in reasing lo al iodiversity, and providing ur an wildlife ha itat. This study ompares the a ilities of a modular wetland rooftop garden system, a eri rooftop garden system, and a traditional ( are) roof with no rooftop garden to redu e the heat flu into a residential uilding. ir temperature, rooftop surfa e temperature, and heat flu were measured for ea h of the three rooftop systems and then ompared. Results from this study indi ate the wetland system has the greatest heat flu redu tion apa ility ompared to the eri system and the are roof. The wetland system redu ed the daily movements of energy into and out of the house y ompared to the eri system and y ompared to the are roof. The results also indi ate oth the wetland system and the eri system signifi antly redu e the average surfa e temperature of the rooftop, and redu e the variation in the surfa e temperatures when ompared to the are roof system. The redu tion in surfa e temperature in the wetland and eri systems e plains the redu tion seen in the heat flu es of oth systems. This study provides eviden e that rooftop gardens have great potential to de rease heat flu es into uildings and redu e ooling osts in su tropi al limates like outhwest lorida.
Bio: Brittany Dolan is pursuing a Master’s of Environmental Science degree at Florida Gulf Coast University with research currently fo using on rooftop gardens in Southwest Florida. In 2015, she graduated with a Bachelor’s of Science in Marine Biology and Environmental Science from University of New aven, CT.
Conta t Information: rittany Dolan, lorida ulf Coast University, CU lvd , ort Myers, , U
70 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Bobby G. Duersch an illiam o a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida tlantic University, Boca aton, F US
hosphorus is nown to e a ma or cause, in addition to nitrogen of eutrophication in water systems. can enter the environment through a variety of forms such as ortho phosphate, D , sediment roc s apatites , manure, and many other anthropogenic sources. For e ample, e cessive amounts of horse manure in the C51 asin leads to high soil concentrations. high amount of leaching into water sources can then occur, leading to eutrophic conditions and large algal looms. hrough nutrient analyses and phosphorus speciation studies, we hope to determine how moves through the ecosystems that feed the Everglades, a e orth agoon and ad acent water odies.
his research includes nutrient , , Fe etc. analyses of horse manure and edding and the water and soils from and ad acent to canals that feed into the alm Beach Canal C51 as well as the Stormwater reatment reas S s 1E and 1 . ot only will the various forms of phosphorus DI , D , , , S e uantified through a modified edley Fractionation ut the use of 1 M uclear Magnetic esonance will detail the speciation of free ortho phosphate, pyro phosphate, poly phosphates, esters etc. in order to trace and determine sources and movement. IC ES Inductively Coupled lasma ptical Emission Spectrometry will e used to determine total concentration for a variety of elements, nota ly metals, for uantitative support of spectroscopic techni ues. ovel metal removal procedures for the cleanup of phosphorous containing samples without affecting the native forms are planned. Further research is underway investigating the ioavaila ility of organic phosphorus compounds on cyano acteria. opefully, the results of this research will aid in having stronger pollution prevention legislation enacted for restoring and protecting the Everglades. his may include locally monitored otal Ma imum Daily oads MD s , new Best Management ractices BM s and the li e.
c nowledgement: his research is eing funded y an award to the senior author BD from the Everglades Foundation and that support is gratefully appreciated.
BI : Bo y Duersch is a hD candidate at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Florida tlantic University. ecently, he was ust awarded a scholarship of 10,000 from the Everglades Foundation to e used in implementing plans in restoring the Everglades.
Contact Information: Bo y Duersch, Dr. illiam esearch Group, Glades d, Boca aton, F , US 1
71 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Collin A. Eagles-Smith1, ame illa ke , avi a en o 1US Geological Survey Forest and angeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, , US 2US Geological Survey isconsin ater Science Center, Middleton, I, US
he health ris s from mercury g contamination can e difficult to characteri e ecause g accumulation in food we s and associated to icological ris is largely determined y the comple , micro ially mediated methylation process that converts inorganic mercury g II to methylmercury Me g the most iologically active and to ic form of g . Current techni ues for uantifying the influence of environmental conditions and micro ial community dynamics on Me g production rates in i within natural systems are limited. raditional techni ues either depend on highly manipulated e periments, are limited to cultura le ta a a small portion of the micro ial community , or are e tremely la orious, challenging measurements at scales that represent ecosystem or landscape processes.
Flow cytometry is a powerful technology for rapidly and accurately enumerating individual cells in environmental samples. It can also characteri e physical and physiological traits of cells using innate cell fluorescence. riginally developed for medical applications, applications of flow cytometry for environmental research have grown su stantially over the past two decades. e e amined the potential utility of flow cytometry for etter understanding the dynamics and drivers of Me g in freshwater ecosystems through paired measurements of speciated a ueous g concentrations coupled with analysis of cell density and type using flow cytometry. e collected water samples from the ells Canyon eservoir Comple along the Sna e iver, ordering regon and Idaho. his is a site of current intensive research on limnological and iogeochemical processes associated with Me g dynamics. ater samples were collected from 5 15 discrete depths at 5 uni ue locations in the comple representing a gradient in water column stratification from completely unstratified to strongly stratified . e e amined patterns in micro ial and algal cell counts, oth along the e tent of the reservoir comple , and with depth at each location. e also assessed the relationship etween micro ial indices and speciated g concentrations.
reliminary results indicate that a ey inde of micro ial activity the ratio of high nucleic acid:low nucleic acid cells : varied su stantially among locations and with depth. Specifically, micro ial activity was highest at stratified sites, and especially in the tur idity ma imum one near the thermocline, where water density changes facilitate the accumulation of decaying algal particles. he vertical profile in : closely matched that of a ueous Me g concentrations in stratified sites, ut not unstratified sites. Consistent with these preliminary findings, : ratios were strongly correlated with a ueous Me g concentration, oth across and within stratified sites. hese preliminary results indicate that flow cytometry may provide a rapid, ine pensive tool for understanding in i micro ial processes associated with Me g dynamics in a uatic ecosystems.
BI : Dr. Eagles Smith is a research ecologist appro imately 20 years of e perience researching factors influencing mercury dynamics through food we s and across ecosystems. e wor s at the intersection of iogeochemistry, food we ecology, and to icology to provide science support for resource management decisions.
Contact Information: Collin Eagles Smith, USGS Forest and angeland Ecosystem Science Center, 200 S efferson ay, Corvallis, , 0
72 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Neal Flanagan1, Ri a on, on j n an Du e University, Durham, C, US
Many peatlands across the glo e are su ect to regimes of regularly recurring wildfires with return intervals ranging from to 100 years. hese peatlands are typically dominated y fire adapted plant communities suggesting that wildfire is an integral part of peatland ecology rather than an anomaly. eatland wildfires are typically low severity events that occur in winter and spring when vegetation is desiccated, and soil moisture content is high. s a result, most peatland wildfires rapidly consume a oveground fuels without igniting the nearly saturated peat. In such fires, surface soil layers are su ected to flash heating with a rapid loss of soil moisture ut little loss of soil organic matter S M . Such fires alter the chemical structure of S M, even in the absence of combustion, through Maillard’s Reaction and similar chemical processes, and through structural changes that protect S M from decomposition. his study e amines the effects of low intensity surface fires on the recalcitrance of S M from fire adapted communities located in su tropical, temperate and su oreal peatlands. In addition, soil from a non fire adapted eruvian palm peatland was e amined for response to thermal alteration. he timing and temperatures of low intensity fires were measured in the field during prescri ed urns and replicated in simulated fires. he effects of fire on the chemical structure of S M was e amined with F I , SEM and S. Burned and un urned peat replicates were incu ated at three temperatures 5oC, 15oC, 25oC for more than si months. Burned replicates initially showed higher C 2, C and 2 emissions. et, within four wee s emissions from the urned replicates dropped elow those of un urned replicates and remained significantly lower 10 50 for the duration of the e periment. In addition, thermal alteration significantly reduced the temperature sensitivity 10 of thermally altered peat. hermal alteration of S M resulted in a net long term reduction in car on losses to micro ial respiration. Such thermal alteration of S M might e an underestimated factor influencing car on accretion fre uently urned peatlands and could e glo ally relevant if climate change increases fire fre uency in oreal peatlands.
BI : Dr. Flanagan is a esearch rofessor with more than 20 years of e perience in researching the hydrology and iogeochemistry of wetlands.
Contact Information: eal Flanagan, Du e University etland Center, Bo 0 2 Durham, C 2 0
73 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Rebecca J. Flock, a ina ie e an in a en ollege of estern daho, ampa, ,
on point source nutrient loading in irrigation returns contribute to ater ualit impairments in fresh ater s stems e in estigated a seasonall emergent etland in the transitional one bet een the ernard rain and a e o ell in the o er oise Ri er atershed, outh est daho e sought to characteri e the ecos stem ser ices the etland one pro ides as a means of impro ing the ualit of the ater entering the reser oir ia run off he ernard rain returns agricultural irrigation aste ater and has been reported to ha e the highest o erall detection of contaminants of the canals and drains entering the catchment a e o ell is an , acre irrigation catchment and reser oir constructed in and designated as part of eer lat ational ildlife Refuge he reser oir recei es drainage from appro imatel , acres and pro ides multiple secondar ser ices to the surrounding communit as an acti e recreation area, breeding and migrator habitat for birds and mammals, and historic landmar
stablished o er a centur ago, the aging reser oir has e perienced increasingl eutrophic conditions, phosphate and dissol ed o gen impairment, as ell as the appearance of harmful algal blooms reliminar ariations in soil and ater ualit parameters indicate that the seasonall emergent etland reduces the transport of nitrate, orthophosphate, and sediment during the irrigation season dditionall , the etlands one pro ides a cooling effect for the margins of the reser oir, thereb helping to mitigate some aspects of ater ualit impairment hese findings illustrate the alue of identif ing management practices that support the abilit of the etlands to continue pro iding its ecos stem ser ice, especiall in transitional ones bet een agricultural drains and the reser oir
Rebecca loc is an ssistant rofessor of hemistr and mentors undergraduate students in applied ph sical and chemical in estigations of land, air, and ater resources in their communit and be ond he has a bac ground in gricultural and n ironmental hemistr and is in ested in holistic amelioration of nutrient impaired ater a s
ontact nformation Rebecca loc , ollege of estern daho, M , ast pportunit ri e, ampa,
74 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Hilary Flower , a k Rain , a l i , , illiam em , an e man , o o ne , , Rame Re , a an a e eke a , eni e a ne ni ersit of outh lorida, ampa, , co andMod, nc , ort ierce, , outh lorida ater Management istrict, est alm each, , hitne aborator for Marine ioscience, ni ersit of lorida, t ugustine, , etland iogeochemistr aborator , oil and ater cience epartment, ni ersit of lorida, aines ille, ,
o support erglades restoration planning, e pro ide screening le el simulations of plausible soil biogeochemical responses in the fresh ater part of the reater erglades cos stem b to macroclimate change e used three climate change scenarios a baseline scenario of climate, and t o climate change scenarios that both included arming and increase in e apotranspiration, and differed onl b rainfall either increase or decrease b ith these climate conditions as input, e used the erglades andscape Model to simulate changes to eight interacti e h dro ecological metrics important for biogeochemical e aluation
n the increased rainfall scenario, little changed compared to the aseline scenario, because the ere h drologicall similar i e , much of the increased rainfall as cancelled out b increased loss from e apotranspiration he decreased rainfall scenario produced mar ed changes across the s stem e ere ater scarcit led to diminished surface ater depths that ere detrimental in regions that are alread too dr , and beneficial in regions that are too et, here both ertical soil accumulation rate and soil accumulation rate accelerated reas near structural ater inflo s e hibited load induced declines in surface ater sulfate concentration as ell as phosphorus content of surface ater, pore ater, and soil he area corresponding to ele ated meth lmercur production ris shran in areal e tent and migrated closer to structural inflo points urface ater flo elocit slo ed drasticall across most of the s stem
e conclude that future macroclimate changes ha e the potential to produce significantl different ecological responses in the fresh ater remnant of the erglades, particularl if arming temperatures and increased e apotranspiration coincide ith decreased rainfall Restoration planning must ta e future climate change into account
r lo er is a facult researcher at the chool of eosciences ith a speciali ation in ecoh drolog he studies coastal etland responses to climate change and sea le el rise using a ariet of methods including field obser ations, laborator e periments, and computer modeling
ontact nformation ilar lo er, h , ni ersit of outh lorida, o ler e, ampa, ,
75 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Chris Freeman angor ni ersit , ales,
n an in estigation of the potential strategies for enhancing carbon se uestration in natural etlands, e sho that a ariet of no el approaches hold potential as modifiers of se uestration capacit errestrial and oceanic ecos stems contribute almost e uall to an estimated se uestration of about of anthropogenic carbon dio ide emissions, and thus alread pla a role in minimi ing our impact on the global climate f the se uestered terrestrially, the majority becomes part of the Earth’s soil carbon stores. Northern peatlands co er ust 3% of the Earth’s landmass and yet sequester 455Pg of C, or almost 1/3 of that soil carbon. eatland ecos stems are thus ell established as po erful agents of carbon capture and storage he remar able preser ation of ancient organic archaeological artefacts, such as bog bodies, further attest to their e ceptional preser ati e properties eatlands, ha e higher carbon storage densities per unit ecos stem area than either the oceans or dr terrestrial s stems ast studies demonstrate that peatlands se uester carbon due to the inhibitor effects of phenolic compounds which create an ‘enzymic latch’ on decomposition (Freeman et al 2001, Fenner & reeman ere e sho the potential for harnessing that mechanism in a series of peatland engineering strategies reeman et al in hich molecular, biogeochemical, agronomical and afforestation approaches, increase carbon capture and long term se uestration in peat forming etland ecos stems ur studies consider the significance of the se uestration enhancement approach in both natural and restored ecos stems, and in the pre ention of destabilisation of ancient carbon stores e g Moore et al follo ing human impacts
References reeman , stle , ang n en mic latch on a global carbon store ature , enner , reeman rought induced carbon loss in peatlands ature eoscience reeman, , enner, , hirsat eatland geoengineering an alternati e approach to terrestrial carbon se uestration hilosophical ransactions of the Ro al ociet , Moore, , ans, , age, , arnett, M , ones, , reeman, , ooi er , iltshire , imin and auci, , eep instabilit of deforested tropical peatlands re ealed b flu ial organic carbon flu es ature –
hris reeman, is ead of the chool of iological ciences at angor ni ersit , ith more than ears of e perience of etland en me research e has e tensi e e perience in stud ing carbon c cling, the influence of etlands on drin ing ater ualit , and greenhouse gas emissions
ontact nformation hris reeman, etland Research roup, chool of iological ciences, angor ni ersit , angor, ales, ,
76 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Masanori Fujimoto, an en, R e omia an Rame Re ni ersity of Florida, aines ille, F ,
ater quality and quantity are global issues we now face with increasing urgency. Freshwater ser es as a source of drin ing water, irrigation, and as habitat for aquatic fauna and flora. Non point source nutrients from agriculture, specifically phosphorus, ha e caused myriad issues in aquatic ecosystems, including the E erglades. E erglades tormwater reatment reas ( s are large scale constructed wetlands designed to remo e nutrients from the water column. ngoing research has demonstrated that total phosphorus concentration in water has been reduced from appro imately 100 g/ in the influent to 20 g/ in the effluent, which still e ceeds the current EP recommendation of 13 g / in the effluent. ccumulation of phosphorus has been obser ed in the sediments, specifically Floc and recently accreted sediment ( fractions. he sediment deposited total phosphorus concentration declines from the inlet to outlet, creating a phosphorus concentration gradient along the flow in the wetlands. egetation type, submerged aquatic egetation ( , and emergent aquatic egetation (E ha e also been found to affect phosphorus sequestration. icrobes play fundamental roles in biogeochemical cycles in aquatic ecosystems such as the E erglades s by mediating transformation of nutrients. hile microbes directly upta e nutrients from the water column, they ma e nutrients a ailable for plants by decomposing and solubilizing organic matter. arge datasets ha e been collected o er the pre ious years in the s, including nutrient concentrations and ey en ironmental parameters (flow rate, water and sediment depth, p , dissol ed o ygen, and temperature from multiple locations and times. owe er, information about microbial populations in the wetlands that go ern nutrient cycles is limited. n this study, we e amined microbial di ersity (ta a richness and microbial community compositions ( CC in the sediment core and the water column along transects (from inlet to outlet of cell 1 (E and cell 3 ( using 1 r N amplicon sequencing. icrobial di ersity aried between en ironments (water or sediments , egetation types, and across sediment fractions. n general, microbial di ersity in water column was lower than that in sediments. he E cell had higher di ersity than the cell at each sediment fraction. Floc and sediment fractions had a higher microbial di ersity than other fractions in each cell. istance from inlet did not affect microbial di ersity e cept in the water column of the cell, in which substantially higher microbial di ersity was obser ed in inlet samples. Principal coordinate analysis suggests that CC in water column differ from those in sediments. ithin sediment CC, egetation types, sediment fractions and distance from the inlet had effects on CC. Phosphate accumulating organisms (P , ta a which potentially play a significant role in P sequestration, were detected in the sediments, and had a distinct spatial distribution pattern across the cells and along the transects. he findings from this study help us to elucidate mechanistic processes that ta e place in the wetlands. his study also has implications for water resource management that see s to balance food production and ecosystem conser ation.
r. Fujimoto is a esearch ssistant Professor in the oil and ater ciences epartment at the ni ersity of Florida. e obtained dual Ph. . degree in icrobiology / Ecology, E olutionary iology & eha ior at ichigan tate ni ersity. is current research in ol es nutrient cycles in Florida’s inland lakes and Everglades wetland systems.
Contact nformation asanori Fujimoto, 15 cCarty all , aines ille, F , 32 11
77 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Kevin A. Grace, oma e k Environmental nc. ockledge F
trient l c aracteristics ollowing sediment res s ension were investigated or two s merged a atic vegetation s ecies ara s . a macroalga and a as g adal ensis a vasc lar macro yte t at are common and native to s allow res water environments in o t Florida. ese s ecies occ y m c o t e o t low region o Everglades tormwater reatment reas s w ic are constr cted wetlands wit ltra low target o t low concentrations g or less .
ntact sediment cores were collected rom ara and a as eds in several s as well as rom t e nears ore region o ake keec o ee. e cores were re looded in t e la oratory wit low n trient water rom t e o t low o ell a well er orming low way. r icial sediments were res s ended into t e overlying water and t r idity os or s and ammonia concentrations were re eatedly meas red in t e water col mn a ter and min tes r and days . second s s ension event was accom anied y an amendment o into t e overlying water t at increased concentrations y g .
it o t a amendment sediment res s ension res lted in increased water col mn total concentrations and t r idity at t e min te sam ling interval com ared to t e re lood water rior to sediment s s ension. evels o t ese constit ents t en decreased a ter min tes and remained relatively low in all treatments over t e ne t days. Following t e amended s s ension event water col mn concentrations also eaked min tes a ter sediment s s ension t en declined t stayed well a ove re amendment val es. o di erence in t r idity or water col mn was o served etween t e ara and a as sediments rom eit er ake or sites. owever ammonia concentrations were consistently ig er ollowing res s ension o sediments rom ara eds relative to a as eds. ring ot amended and n amended trials water col mn in all sediment treatments remained ig er t an re s s ension concentrations. y contrast sediments collected rom t e o t low region o an wit o t ell a well er orming low way dominated y emergent vegetation y a s . and ladi m amaicense s owed t e lowest water concentrations min. to d a ter s s ension wit val es e al to or lower t an control cores wit o t sediment. verall o r res lts s owed t at t e greatest e ects o sediment s s ension on water col mn were transient t a small e ect o res s ension ersisted over time and co ld e signi icant in t e low environment o o t low regions.
r. race is an ssociate cientist wit Environmental and as over years o e erience in os or s cycling in a atic ecosystems treatment wetland o timi ation water ality assessments and iomonitoring. e earned a in oil and ater cience rom t e niversity o Florida and lives in ainesville F .
ontact n ormation evin race Environmental nc. t rive ite ainesville F
78 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Lauren N. Griffiths1,2, illiam i , , an a lo e i c ool o eosciences niversity o o t Florida am a F Everglades etland esearc ark Florida l oast niversity a les F
trient removal y a . a r an stormwater treatment wetland system in a a water nat re ark in so t west Florida as een st died or over two years s ggesting t at t e wetlands are signi icant sinks o ot os or s and nitrogen. e irst two years o water ality st dies ave indicated a slig tly decreasing a ility or total os or s concentration red ction wit average total os or s red ctions o w ereas nitrogen retention as remained consistent at a o t red ction. is st dy is investigating t e im ortance o vegetative and sedimentation intrasystem rocesses in a ecting n trient concentrations and l es t ro g t ese wetlands. egetation sam les are collected every si mont s in t e dry and wet seasons to estimate rod ctivity iomass and n trient storage retention in t e vegetative tiss es. dditionally gross sedimentation meas rements along wit sediment n trient analyses every si mont s estimate t e role o sedimentation on n trient retention. ngoing water ality researc s ggests t at nitrogen and os or s loading rates are . g m yr and . g m yr res ectively. reliminary res lts s ggest t at sedimentation is a larger actor in n trient retention t an vegetative take. ter one year data s ggests gross sedimentation rates o . . mm day and n trient retention o a ro imately . g m yr and . g m yr and. it sedimentation o n trients ig er t an n trient loading into t e system we t eori e t at res s ension is a ma or in l ence on t e system. ngoing researc oc ses on t e e tent to w ic res s ension lays a role in t e n trient storage and reintrod ction to t e system to attem t to determine t e e ected li es an o t e wetlands’ nutrient retention ca a ilities and allow land managers to etter nderstand ow t e wetland system is working to o timi e n trient retention.
io a ren ri it s is in t e eology . . rogram at t e niversity o o t Florida. e is a grad ate assistant at t e Everglades etland esearc ark in a les Florida wit researc oc sing on water ality and n trient cycling in created res water wetlands as well as car on se estration in mangrove systems.
ontact n ormation a ren ri it s Everglades etland esearc ark ays ore r. a les F
79 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Iikka Haikarainen1,2, n liina kinen , , e e i kk , , ika o kiako ki , Eli a almeenm ki , , a kk o kinen , , nnalea o ila an a i i la ie , tion nstitute or nte r te t os eri n rt ste ien e ese r ni ersit o e sin i e sin i in n e rt ent o ri u tur ien es ni ersit o e sin i e sin i in n innis eteoro o i nstitute e sin i in n
et ne is n i ort nt reen ouse s it in re sin t os eri i in r tio ore orests re tr ition onsi ere net sin o t os eri rin i e use o o i i in teri it in er te soi er rees re e onstr te to e e o e ittin ro t eir ste s ossi tr ns ortin n ero i ro u e ro ee er soi ers urt er trees t s in e en ent sour es o n ero i ro u e it in tree ste s or ero i in t e tree ero i ro esses e in esti tion o t is re ent intro u e sour e o i t re e nee o re ssessin n es o t e ore orests e e sure tree ste n orest oor u es on esotro i r ine e t n orest in e sout ern in n urin ro in se sons in n ree tree s e ies o n ir e la e en or s ru e i ea a ie n ots ine in lve i ere se e te to e stu ie s t e re resent t e ost o on s e ies t t e ore e et tion one et ne u es ere e sure ro in tot s e trees on t o i erent ots rti r este ot ere t e ines ere re o e to e eri ent r ise t e ter t e e e n ontro ot trees s e ies ot e se e te t ree ir es ro t e rti r este ot to e sure so u ri tion in t e erti ro i e o t e trees o in insi t to t e n i s e r teri e t e i ro i o unities n u nti ie et no eni n et notro i un tion enes m n mo res e ti e in t e e t n ition e e sure t e otenti o ro u tion n onsu tion ro e t ro i e n oss s es
e t t e rti r este ot s ener – oser to t e soi sur e o re to t e ontro ot ere t e e t s on er e t e t o orest oor s sin o t ot o t e ots t ou u t e s o er t t e rti r este ot e oun s e issions ro t e ste s t ot ots i e i er n ore o in nt e issions o urre t t e rti r este ot et ne e issions ro ir es in t t e rti r este ot ere i er o re to t e e ission r tes o t e s e trees in e ste e issions e re se e onenti oin u t t e ste erti ro i e i ro i e eri ents s o e t t n ero i ro u tion o i tion otenti un er n t e ount o et no ens ere i er in t e e t o t e rti r este ot
e i eren e in u es o trees et een t e ots su est t t is or re u tor o tree u es on orestr r ine e t n is to et er it t e o ser tion o i er ro u tion otenti in t e e t t t e rti r este site su ort t e ot esis t t tree e itte ori in tes ro t e soi
i i r inen or s s stu ent in ro e t o usin on orest n i s is e ertise is in ie n or tor e sure ents o u es in trees n tors e tin tr ns ort n e n e ro esses
ont t n or tion i i r inen e rt ent o ri u tur ien es to rt non ri ni ersit o e sin i e sin i in n
80 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Rachel Joy Harris1, an oel , Kenneth ‘Bud’ Howard , Eli a e nne ell , , , elena olo a iele , , an l e in on
ts (≥ 71 MPN/100 mL per EPA) in some sections of the Loxahatchee River. From initial (sediments, wrack and water). We collected surface (≤ 2cm) sediment composites along with surfa 3 meters). Our results support previous studies of microbial presence on substrates, suggesting that in Florida’s
BIO: The Loxahatchee River District (LRD)’s mission is to protect and preserve the Loxahatchee River watershed. LRD’s WildPin
81 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
Jordan Heiman, nd o ran, Bo a ow , and a o a K oon har e
82 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Janet Ho and a ha er
a aro n ana hau
Janet Ho is a master’s student studying how wetland disturbances alter biogeochemical processes. Janet has worked in freshwat
83 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
RIVER SITE’S A George M. Huddleston III1, hae H a er and nna Kno yn erra orporation reen ille a annah i er ational aboratory iken
n ctober of a constructed wetland treatment system began recei ing a combination of stormwater and wastewater from the 01 outfall located at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Savannah River Site (SRS) in South arolina. he constructed wetland treatment system was designed to treat appro imately one million gallons per day of stormwater from a acre watershed of total flow and effluent from research laboratories of total flow at . he outfall is an permitted discharge and prior to construction of the wetlands contained copper at le els to ic to a uatic organisms.
he conceptual design of the wetland treatment system was de eloped from pilot mesocosm studies to identify key aspects of wetland function and performance. he pilot studies determined specific design parameters such as physical chemical characteristics of hydrosoil appropriate hydraulic retention time and selection of wetland egetation effecti e for copper attenuation. he full scale constructed wetland system consisted of an upstream retention basin that pro ided consistent flow ia gra ity to eight one acre wetland cells planted with giant bulrush hoeno e tu a orn u .
he constructed wetland system has been operational and compliant since . ueous copper concentrations near the wetland outfall a erage appro imately g . ediment is the primary sink for copper in the wetland system with copper concentrations greater in the organic rich surface layer. opper is generally more mobile in the floc layer than the inorganic sediment layer. educed mobility in inorganic sediment is associated with higher copper concentrations in residual organic and o ide fractions.
he constructed wetland system recei ed recognition from the . . epartment of nergy and . . n ironmental rotection gency egion as a model application of sustainable technology ha ing sa ed o er million o er the life of the system.
r. eorge att Huddleston is a enior echnical eader at yn erra orporation a sciences and engineering firm head uartered in Greenville, South Carolina, USA, and an adjunct professor of environmental toxicology at Clemson University. Matt’s interests include assessment and rehabilitation of a uatic ecosystems ecological risk assessment and constructed treatment wetlands.
ontact nformation att Huddleston yn erra i er treet uite reen ille
84 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
RRI A E IR A I E E I A RES SES I A A R VE E R A E RI A SA T ARS Ha a end te n u er, Nia R. Hurst, o hua Bre thau t, and a ha er University of Central lorida, rlando, ., USA
urricanes and their associated storm surges, tidal inundation, and rainfall can have a significant impact on coastal marsh systems y delivering allochthonous sediment, nutrients, and sea ater to coastal areas. Due to the rapid response of iogeochemical cycling to these distur ances, the impact is often difficult to capture and necessitates o taining timely data oth efore and after storm occurrence. Several studies have examined the effect of hurricanes on coastal areas y using data measured months and years prior to a hurricane occurring, ut few have data within only weeks of a storm’s landfall. In the Merritt sland ational ildlife Refuge in revard County, ., UC researchers have een studying the impact of mangrove encroachment on iogeochemical cycling. The consistent monitoring of transects in Merritt Island, located within Hurricane Irma’s cone of influence, provided an excellent opportunity to examine Irma’s impact on nutrient cycling in a Florida salt marsh.
urricane rma made landfall in the state of lorida Septem er 10 11, 01 . Soil cores and ater samples ere collected along a point vegetative transect, spanning the transition from marsh ( t h ata) to mangrove ( enn a er nan ) dominated vegetation in the ndian River agoon (southeast lorida). Samples ere collected less than two weeks after Irma’s landfall and compared to data collected less than t o ee s efore landfall. hysiochemical (extracta le ioavaila le nutrients, pore ater nutrients, p , and salinity) and micro ial ( iomass) properties ere analy ed. Soil ioavaila le nitrate, phosphorus, and micro ial iomass generally decreased in all plots after the hurricane, hile soil ammonium, p , and ater salinity increased. ore ater phosphorus and ammonium increased in the upper 1 cm of soil in the t h and transitional plots ( 0 00 ), ut decreased in the mangrove plots ( 0 100 ). Results suggest that hurricanes have the potential to significantly alter soil and pore ater iogeochemistry immediately after occurrence y increasing availa le nutrients, particularly ammonium, and decreasing micro ial iomass, li ely due to salinity stress. hese results also suggest that hurricane impacts differ ased on vegetation as trends ere not al ays similar et een the marsh and mangrove plots. Assessing the impact of hurricanes on iogeochemical cycling in etlands can help to understand ho storms affect short term nutrient cycling and the potential for nutrient release.
ia urst is a a Manager and Research Assistant in the A uatic iogeochemistry a at the University of Central lorida. Nia’s research focuses on etland iogeochemical responses to restoration ith the emphasis of assessing and improving etland a ility to mitigate a uatic pollution.
Contact nformation ia urst, University of Central lorida, 110 i ra Dr., rlando, ., USA 1
85 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
RE I ITR E RE VA ERTAI T R ERATI ISSISSI I RIVER SE I E T IVERSI S ITRATE RE TI RATES I T R E T ITI S Nia R. Hurst1, ohn h te , Kehu u , and ran o en niversity of entral Florida, rlando, F ., ouisiana tate niversity, aton ouge, ., niversity of New Hampshire, urham, NH.,
ediment diversions along the lower Mississippi iver have een proposed to help slow the rate of wetland loss in coastal ouisiana y transferring river sediment to coastal marshes, aiding in wetland accretion. ediment diversions can deliver a sediment su sidy to eroding ouisiana coastal wetlands, ut they will also deliver significant amounts of nutrients primarily N as N to receiving asins with potential for environmental impact. There is a paucity of data on nitrate reduction rates in the “near field” area of diversions, where turbulent conditions impart significant shear stress on the sediment surface, suspending fine grained sediments. It is critical to determine nitrate reduction rates in this near field environment to understand the total impact of N on diversion receiving asins and to reduce the uncertainty of nutrients delivered y river sediment diversions. Triplicate sediment cores were collected from three sites within a mudflat in an active deltaic setting in coastal ouisiana and su ected to shear stress using a flow through erosional microcosm system for hrs. Nitrate reduction rates were determined under high, medium, and ero shear stress conditions of . , . , and a, respectively. Nitrate reduction rates under these conditions were . , . , and . . mg N m day , respectively, with rates increasing as shear stress application increased. These results indicate that tur ulent flow conditions, indicative of large river diversions, can significantly increase nitrate reduction rates, even in a well oxygenated water column. esults from this research can help inform diversion models and assist natural resource managers in predicting potential nutrient impacts of river diversions on coastal receiving asins.
I Nia Hurst is a a Manager and esearch ssistant in the uatic iogeochemistry a at the niversity of entral Florida. Nia’s research focuses on wetland iogeochemical responses to restoration with the emphasis of assessing and improving wetland a ility to mitigate a uatic N pollution.
ontact Information Nia Hurst, niversity of entral Florida, i ra r., rlando, F .,
86 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
A I S ETA S TRIE TS SE I E TS A AR I E ITERRA EA STR TE ET A S RE EIVI A RI T RA R Carles Ibáñez, uno a o a, er u rd a, tor a o a e and ert o ra T , nstitute for ri food esearch Technolo y, uatic cosyste s ro ra , atalonia, pain
arsh restoration is as an effective tool to re ove nutrients and etals via plant upta e, icrobial activity and soil accu ulation owever, few studies have atte pted to uantify both nutrient and etal accu ulation and re oval in editerranean restored arshes, includin also accretion rates and carbon se uestration This research ai s to assess chan es in water and soil etals, nutrients, sedi ents and carbon in oli ohaline restored arshes set in abandoned rice fields, includin a first yr study in s all e peri ental wetlands and a second yr study in a lar e scale constructed wetland
n the e peri ental wetlands two freshwater type treat ents were tested river irri ation water and rice field draina e water , as well as three different water levels ependent variables as a function of water type and water level were tested by a partly nested e peri ental desi n usin e peri ental units each ifferences in water level did not cause si nificant differences in etal re oval and accu ulation in soil arshes in both water types owever, results showed that si nificantly hi her n, b and n input fro caused hi her ean of re oval i her u concentration fro also caused hi her u reduction ean values of o, r, u, Ni, b, and n in soil were hi her in the treat ent characteri ed by hi her plant bio ass, whereas ean accu ulation rates of s, a, r, u, Ni, b, and n were hi her in the treat ent because of hi her accretion rates i her nutrient dischar e fro rice field runoff caused si nificantly hi her seasonal N and reduction and respectively There was a seasonal e port in T and and , respectively in arshes receivin river irri ation water i nificantly lower soil redo and hi her total a i u above round bio ass in arshes receivin river irri ation water were associated with lower N reduction and hi her i reduction and respectively i her sedi ent dischar e fro rice field runoff was associated with hi her se uestration rates yr co pared with arshes receivin river irri ation water yr i her water levels also increased si nificantly and i re oval and se uestration rates within both water type treat ents
n the lar e scale constructed wetland ha two different turnover rates and water levels are bein tested The on oin study ends in , so we present preli inary results of the first yr , onthly sa plin re ardin re oval of etals and nutrients in water ean etal re oval rates were positive for l , e , n and r and ne ative for and s ean nutrient re oval rates were all positive N , N , N , i and owever, , N and i showed net e port in so e periods
esults su est that wetland plants li ely favored soil etal adsorption throu h soil o y enation and hi hli ht the utility of restored arshes as pollution filters in coastal wetlands with si nificant soil accretion This study indicates that editerranean oli ohaline restored arshes are very efficient re ovin N and so e etals l, e, n, u usin both river irri ation and rice field draina e waters and also provide se uestration and sedi ent accretion in a conte t of relative sea level rise
r b e is enior esearcher at the uatic cosyste s ro ra of T and for er ead in the period e has years of research e perience in the field of a uatic and wetland ecolo y, water resources and coastal ana e ent, with ore than papers published in peer reviewed ournals
ontact nfor ation arles b e , uatic cosyste s ro ra , T , ant arles de la pita, atalonia, pain
87 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ST I I ETRI TR S I R IA E E A TIVITIES A TRIE T I I ET A S Kanika S. Inglett niversity of lorida, ainesville, ,
Nutrient availability and cyclin in wetlands is dependent on activities of e tracellular en y es that for the bottle nec in or anic atter deco position icrobes e press en y es in response to their ele ental de and, therefore bio ass nutrient and en y e stoichio etry is believed to be relatively stable as icrobes follow the principle of ho eostasis owever, in anaerobic wetlands, carbon processin efficiency and nutrient re uire ents are ore diverse than aerobic syste s leadin to altered stoichio etries and en y e ratios ew studies have e a ined these relationships in wetlands with the oal of predictin inerali ation in a variety of carbon and nutrient conditions n this study we investi ate the effect of ve etation and e ternal nutrients on icrobial bio ass and en y atic stoichio etry in two contrastin wetlands syste s one do inated by sub er ed or e er ent a uatic ve etation, and both receivin nutrient runoff fro the ad oinin a riculture icrobial bio ass and en y e ratios were fle ible and varied in the two syste s and did not follow predictable patterns fro nutrient stoichio etry Typical patterns were observed for icrobial bio ass abundances and relative en y e activities as or anic co ponents pro ressed fro litter to floc, and soil ifferences were observed between the two ve etation types with hi her overall nutrient ratios and ore nutrient li itation in the esults confir the eneral hypothesis of increased li itation in and reater overall icrobial activity in The differences between the two ve etation types is lar ely based on abundances of available in bio ass structural carbohydrates and potentially secondary che ical reactions e , with a leadin to difference in icrobial co unities plications of these findin s with respect to other wetlands syste s and lobal stora e odels will be discussed
r n lett is a es ssistant rofessor in the oil and ater ciences epart ent at the niversity of lorida er research focuses on the echanistic understandin of icrobial processes and icrobial ecolo y to predict their responses to environ ental chan e
ontact nfor ation ani a har a n lett, nviron ental icrobiolo y, oil and ater ciences epart ent, c arty , niversity of lorida, ainesville, ,
88 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
R I E E TS I R IA ST I I ETR A E E A TIVIT I T E EVER A ES ST R ATER TREAT E T ET A S ara Ba er , Patrick W. Inglett1, Kan a n ett , K n niversity of lorida, ainesville, , outh lorida ater ana e ent istrict, est al each,
n constructed wetlands li e the tor water Treat ent reas T s , icrobial processes play a ey role in nutrient re oval pecifically, e tracellular en y e production re ulates or anic deco position, nutrient inerali ation, and indicate overall nutrient li itation ydrolo ic flow and its ana e ent directly effects nutrient distribution and loadin , which li ely alters icrobial nutrient de and and functions such as en y atic activity however, there are few studies that asses the effect of flow on icrobial stoichio etry and en y e activities n this study, icrobial bio ass , N, and and e tracellular en y es for phospho onoesterase, APA and phosphodiesterase, BisP), C (β glucosidase, BG), and N (Leucine aminopeptidase, LAP and β N acetyl lucosa inidase, N were analy ed at inflow, idflow, and outflow stations of T ell durin sta nant, low, oderate, and hi h flow conditions n eneral, en y e activity increased fro inflow to outflow, with lar est increases observed in related en y es nder flowin conditions, overall en y e activity was sti ulated and acco panied by hi her icrobial bio ass, especially at the outflow ncreased icrobial bio ass and related en y e activity indicates an effect of flow on icrobial abundance and a potential role of flow in li itation at the outflow o parin these results of icrobial en y es with water uality patterns and deco position ay better predict the role of icrobial activity on nutrient li itation under sta nant and flow conditions
r n lett is an associate professor of wetland bio eoche istry in the oil and ater ciences epart ent at the niversity of lorida e has ore than years of e perience wor in with nutrient and ecolo ical relationships in la es, sprin s, salt arshes and wetlands
ontact nfor ation atric n lett, epart ent of oil and ater cience, niversity of lorida, c arty all , ainesville, ,
89 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
AR I RATE RIVES I R IA TRIE T I ITATI A E E E RESSI Patrick W. Inglett1, e an h , and Kan a har a n ett niversity of lorida, ainesville, , niversity of aryland, rostbur , ,
ecent develop ents of en y e based deco position odels hi hli ht the i portance of en y e inetics with war in , but ost odelin e ercises are based on studies with a step wise war in This approach ay as the effect of te perature in controllin in situ activities as in ost ecosyste s soil te perature chan e ore radually than air te perature e conducted an e peri ent to test the effects of contrastin war in rates on the inetics of , N, and de radation en y es in subtropical peat soils e also wanted to evaluate if the stoichio etry of en y e inetics shifts under contrastin war in rates and if so, how does it relate to the stoichio etry in icrobial bio ass ontrastin war in rates altered icrobial bio ass stoichio etry leadin to differin patterns of en y e e pression and icrobial nutrient li itation ctivity hi her a and efficiency lower of ac uisition en y es were reater in the step treat ent however, e pressions of nutrient N and ac uirin en y es were enhanced in the ra p treat ent at the end of the e peri ent n the step treat ent, there was a typical pattern of an initial pea in the a and drop in the for all en y e roups followed by later ad ust ents n the other hand, a consistent increase in a and decline in of all en y e roups were observed in the slow war in treat ent These chan es were sufficient to alter icrobial identity as indicated by en y e and bio ass stoichio etry with two apparently stable endpoints under contrastin war in rates This observation rese bles the concept of alternate stable states and hi hli hts a need for i proved representation of war in in odels
r n lett is an associate professor of wetland bio eoche istry in the oil and ater ciences epart ent at the niversity of lorida e has ore than years of e perience wor in with nutrient and ecolo ical relationships in la es, sprin s, salt arshes and wetlands
ontact nfor ation atric n lett, epart ent of oil and ater cience, niversity of lorida, c arty all , ainesville, ,
90 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
TE RA ATTER S I E E A TIVIT A A TERIA IT STR T RE T E S ERE T E ET A A R TE TYPHA LATIFOLIA Bra tone, Colin R. Jackson niversity of ississippi, niversity, ,
n i portant but often overloo ed aspect in wetland bio eoche ical cyclin is the deco position of standin aerial dead plant atter ritical to the deco position of this aterial is the establish ent of a icrobial deco poser co unity on the leaf surface, or phyllosphere, and the conco itant release of e tracellular en y es associated with carbon, nitro en, and phosphorus inerali ation
e deter ined bacterial diversity and co unity structure on the leaf surface of ha at o a broadleaf cattail over the course of a year, and assayed the activity of lucosidase, N acetyl lucosa inidase, and phosphatase, en y es involved in the cyclin of carbon, nitro en, and phosphorus, respectively a ples were ta en bi onthly and also before and after rain events that could sti ulate bio eoche ical processes in the phyllosphere
e found a stron seasonal pattern in e tracellular en y e activity with low activity in the sprin and su er on livin leaves and hi her activity soon after leaves be an to senesce ver s aller ti e scales days , precipitation and solar radiation were the ost consistent drivers of icrobial e tracellular en y e activity hile hi her en y e activity occurred on day of rain events, continuous rainfall across day periods was associated with lowered en y e activity n contrast, en y e activity was hi her across dry periods with hi h direct and diffuse radiation
acterial diversity in the phyllosphere declined followin leaf senescence, while e tracellular en y e activity increased, reflectin a shift fro predo inantly bacterial co unities on the livin acrophyte surface to predo inantly fun al co unities on standin dead acrophytes hile the deco position of standin dead T latifolia is li ely driven by fun al co unities, cli atic factors such as rainfall and solar radiation influence both the structure and bio eoche ical function of bacterial asse bla es in the phyllosphere of livin wetland acrophytes
r ac son is a icrobial ecolo ist with years of e perience e a inin the structure and function of wetland icrobial asse bla es e has conducted pro ects in wetlands ran in fro the ulf oast to tropical peatlands, with current research includin assays of en y e activity and ne t eneration se uencin of wetland icrobial co unities
ontact nfor ation olin ac son, epart ent of iolo y, The niversity of ississippi, niversity, ,
91 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
AT TR S I R IA E E A TIVIT I ET A S Colin R. Jackson niversity of ississippi, niversity, ,
io eoche ical cyclin and or anic atter deco position in wetlands is driven by the activity of icrobial en y es espite decades of research on icrobial en y e activity in wetlands we still have a poor understandin of how environ ental factors influence the activity of these en y es edi ent en y e activity has been related to para eters such as wetland ve etation type, salinity, sedi ent particle si e, and sedi ent depth, as well as to icrobial bio ass and cell nu bers owever, these relationships are often syste or habitat specific, a in enerali ations difficult
n studies of salt arshes alon the ulf oast, site appears to have a reater i pact on sedi ent en y e activity than ve etation type, su estin that broad scale patterns ay be as, or ore, i portant than finer scale spatial variation Thus, sedi ent en y e activity ay be ecosyste specific and patterns of en y e activity seen in one wetland ay not be applicable to si ilar syste s, even within the sa e eo raphic re ion
hile en y es in wetland sedi ents have received ost attention, other icroenviron ents, such as the surface phyllosphere of wetland acrophytes can show appreciable en y e activity This phyllosphere en y e activity shows seasonal and te poral variation, with pulses of en y e activity bein tri ered by precipitation events and a shift fro livin plants to those under oin senescence and deco position uch chan es li ely correspond to shifts fro a bacteria do inated icrobial co unity on livin ve etation to a fun al do inated co unity on decayin acrophytes
espite the advent of ne t eneration se uencin technolo ies that now allow in depth deter ination of wetland icrobial co unity co position, lin s between icrobial co unity structure and en y e activity are often unclear n on oin challen e is to connect the eno ic co position of wetland icrobial co unities to the “phenome”, or functional manifestation of the communities’ genetic capability. Assays of enzyme activity provide insi ht into this pheno e and how it connects to wetland bio eoche istry
r ac son is a icrobial ecolo ist with years of e perience e a inin the structure and function of wetland icrobial asse bla es e has conducted pro ects in wetlands ran in fro the ulf oast to tropical peatlands, with current research includin assays of en y e activity and ne t eneration se uencin of wetland icrobial co unities
ontact nfor ation olin ac son, epart ent of iolo y, The niversity of ississippi, niversity, ,
92 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
E E TS R TI E A I E TRATI S R S IS AR E R A ERI T ASE ST R ATER TREAT E T AREA R. Thomas James outh lorida ater anagement istrict, est alm each, , A
he torm ater reatment Areas As are critical component of the verglades estoration. he eriphyton based torm ater reatment Area A as constructed at the do nstream end of A as a pilot demonstration of the A technology to achieve ultra lo level total phosphorus at the outflo . he acre A cell as scraped to remove muc do n to the limestone bedroc . ince it began operation in the A cell has achieved an average annual flo eighted mean concentration of g , the current regulatory long term limits for the A discharge. An e tensive study as conducted to determine the ey factors that contribute to the PSTA cell’s performance. Part of the investigation is the use of Remote Phosphorus Analyzers A at inflo and outflo sites, hich allo ed fre uent measurements of , i.e. every three hours for . years. This analysis evaluates factors that may contribute to the PSTA Cell’s ability to produce very low TP concentrations at the A cell discharge. he factors evaluated include flo , t o different ater level operation periods, inflo concentration, season, and time of day. re uent measurements using the As should capture short time related events that may not be captured in daily or ee ly sampling.
ater levels in the cell ere maintained at . feet bet een arch and April and . feet bet een April and eptember . utflo concentration as less during the . foot as compared to the . foot operation. o ever, the result as complicated by higher inflo concentrations during the . foot operation period, hich occurred due to replanting activities in the upstream areas of A . he A results indicate that the outflo concentration as not influenced by the time of day.
o compare inflo and outflo concentrations, ee ly flo eighted average concentrations ere used. his time period as selected because the average hydraulic residence time in the A cell is appro imately one ee .
ignificant relationships ere observed bet een the inflo and outflo concentrations. An analysis of covariance sho ed no significant difference bet een the t o operation periods. he nearly identical relationships suggested that ater level differences did not directly influence removal. ptimal flo conditions, here the ma imum number of samples less than g occurred, as bet een and cfs for the t o operational periods. his result suggested an additional pro ect, hich as recently completed, to determine if these flo regimes can maintain lo concentrations for e tended periods.
r. ames is a rincipal cientist ith over years of e perience ith la e and etland research. e has e tensive e perience ith a e eechobee. e recently oined the ater uality reatment echnologies ection as the coordinator for implementing the estoration trategies cience lan for the verglades torm ater reatment Areas.
ontact nformation . homas ames, outh lorida ater anagement istrict, un lub oad, est alm each , A
93 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
R E AR T A SI ER R STA E IS T ES T ERSTA ER R I A S R ES Sarah E. Janssen, an e a , a d Kra enho t .S. eological Survey iddleton SA
ver the past decade measuring the natural abundance of mercury g stable isotopes has become the forefront in methodology for source and process trac ing of both bioavailable methylmercury e g and the precursor inorganic divalent g. This approach has gained traction primarily due to the fractionation patterns g undergoes naturally in the environment and allows us to assign fractionation signatures to different chemical and micro biotic transformations. everaging the composite signal of these transformations provides us with an isotopic “fingerprint”. These “fingerprint” compositions allow for the environmental application of Hg stable isotopes for purposes such as the source trac ing and even e amining the impact of dietary shifts on g accumulation such as those evident with invasive species. The information gained from mercury stable isotopes improves the understanding of g cycling and provides a diagnostic tool for resource managers interested in the mitigation of g contamination. This presentation will focus on the wide ranging applications of stable g isotope research including mechanistic approaches as well as large scale environmental surveys.
The strength of stable g isotope measurements comes from the understanding that different sources of mercury often e hibit uni ue signatures due to chemical physical and biological processes that impact them. ne ey process in the g cycle responsible for the manipulation of a source signature is microbial methylation. Results from lab scale studies show that different methylating microorganisms e.g. sulfate and iron reducing bacteria fractionate g to the same e tent but can selectively methylate different bioavailable pools of inorganic g. These micro scale differences can lead to a wide range of isotope compositions observed in e g in sediments (e.g., δ202Hg = 0.4 to +0.4 ‰). Utilizing these “fingerprints” produced by both the methylation reaction and the original isotopic composition of inorganic g entering the system we can develop source profiles to trac e g transport into the food web. n a regional study of the Florida Everglades, composite signatures of δ202Hg have established three isotopically distinct g sources in fish tissue coastal marsh and terrestrially derived g. panding the verglades systems to a tertiary tracer approach we can simultaneously trace the impact of photochemical processes on source MeHg (using Δ199Hg) as well as independently trace one component of the source portfolio, atmospherically derived Hg (using Δ200Hg). These differences in isotopic composition can also be used to further e plore variation in g sources in different fish species such as lower photochemical signals (Δ199Hg) in jewelfish compared to mosquitofish, which indicate different food sources. Lastly, the further establishment of isotopic signatures on a regional scale such as the verglades can be used to e pand upon national and global isotope studies that define the role of large scale g sources e.g. precipitation dry deposition on bioavailability and e g accumulation in a uatic systems.
r. anssen is a post doc at the .S. eological Survey in isconsin. er research focuses on microbial methylation of mercury and the application of g isotopes to understand g accumulation in the food web.
Contact nformation S. . anssen isconsin ater Science Center Research ay iddleton SA
94 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
S R S I T E EVER A ES ST R ATER TREAT E T AREAS Mike Jerauld1, ohn u ton , o eBu , K n nvironmental nc. oc le ge o th lori a ater anagement istrict est alm each
emoval of phosphor s from r noff b the tormwater Treatment reas T s protects the historicall oligotrophic vergla es from anthropogenic e trophication. The o tflow concentrations in the T s contin e to improve with total phosphor s T concentrations reaching below g in some of the T s. ore efforts are nee e to achieve the stringent reg lator T limits of g long term an g ann al . The concerte estoration trategies cience lan see s to fill gaps in the n erstan ing of T internal processes to facilitate the achievement of target ischarge concentrations. ne ongoing component of the science plan is the i entification an antification of se iment to water col mn fl es in the T s partic larl in the bac en regions where fl es co l have the greatest infl ence on o tflow concentrations.
T ell is a well performing well st ie T flow wa ominate b s bmerge a atic vegetation. sing in sit batch chambers an porewater e ilibrators we meas re the net internal loa an the porewater iff sive fl respectivel into the water col mn at inflow mi an o tflow regions of ell on fo r occasions. The internal loa ing rate ispla e an internal gra ient from abo t g m r at inflow to abo t . g m r at o tflow comparable to the magnit e of the loa a vecte b water flows. iff sive fl es were low at inflow p to . g m r ecreasing to at o tflow therefore iff sion was essentiall negligible as a fraction of the total internal load. These “black box” internal load estimates provide a useful context for evaluating potential fl mechanisms an alrea show promise for refining mo els of T performance. rrent an f t re research to i entif an antif the in ivi al biogeochemical mechanisms that contrib te to the internal loa ma ill minate management strategies to f rther re ce T o tflow concentrations.
BIO: Mr. Jerauld’s research concerns the biogeochemical processes affecting water quality in treatment an nat ral wetlan s. He has wor e in wetlan s aro n the state of lori a an has been involve with vergla es stormwater treatment area research for nine ears.
ontact nformation i e era l nvironmental nc. s Hipp lv oc le ge
95 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
E E TS AI REST RATI I A RI T RA ATERS E S S R S A I S Alex Johnson1, ara an , ar a urdue niversity est afayette I oil rosion ab est afayette I
xcess phosphorus runoff from agricultural watersheds is a ma or water quality concern for many aquatic ecosystems in the Midwestern . One management strategy that has been proposed to buffer high phosphorus loads in impacted watersheds is floodplain restoration in headwater streams often referred to as a two stage ditch. hen inundated floodplains can retain phosphorus through a variety of mechanisms namely physical adsorption biological uptake and sediment deposition during flooding events. It is not known whether there is a fundament change in these mechanisms when a two stage ditch is constructed and develops over time.
To assess changes in phosphorus retention upon creation of inset floodplains we evaluated chemical and physical sediment properties in two stage ditches and nearby unmodified streams in central and northern Indiana during the summer of . oil cores were collected to a depth of cm in the floodplain benches and streambed sediments and water chemistry was evaluated at both the upstream and downstream ends of each reach. ores were homogeni ed and evaluated for water extractable equilibrium phosphorus concentrations at ero net sorption sorption index I oxalate extractable percent organic matter and particle si e distribution. In order to assess removal potential during storm flow a separate paired experiment was carried out where intact soil cores were collected to a depth of cm seasonally from three of these streams during the same summer. These cores were incubated in a flow through system using stream water and fluxes were calculated using the difference in inlet and outlet dissolved reactive phosphorus concentrations.
esults of these experiments show no significant difference in any soil physical or chemical properties between the two stage ditch and its control counterpart for either floodplain or stream sediments. dditionally phosphorus fluxes from intact cores showed no significant differences between the two stage and control reaches. owever phosphorus sorption index an indication of phosphorus sorption capacity was significantly correlated with organic matter suggesting that sorption to organic matter directly and indirectly through humic e l complexes can significantly affect sorption dynamics. urthermore organic matter content was largely driven by storm events with antecedent dry days being the most significant predictor of organic matter on both floodplain and streambed sediments. This could indicate that sorption to biofilms or other more temporary pools of organic matter in the soil are being flushed periodically. These results challenge the assumption that soil phosphorus sorption parameters are static in time and suggest that when floodplains are inundated soil properties will strongly influence dynamics. This is particularly important in agricultural landscapes where past management practices affect both quality and quantity of organic matter and .
Bio: Alex Johnson is a second year master’s student at Purdue niversity. is research focuses on coupled biotic and abiotic system in a variety of ecological engineering management strategies with a particular focus on phosphorus cycling.
ontact Information: lex Johnson Mcmillan esearch roup niversity treet est afayette I
96 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
E T ESE T I S IS T I E T E T ER EVA ATI ET A TRIE T ST I I ETR A E STASIS I A S TR I A TREAT E T ET A Paul Julian II1, an r ht , te an er er , u e h K Bho a , K n , d a ando , odd orne ni ersity o lorida oil and ater ciences e artment t Pierce A ni ersity o lorida oil and ater ciences e artment aines ille A outh lorida ater ana ement istrict ater uality reatment echnolo ies est Palm Beach A
colo ical nutrient stoichiometry is the result o chan es to elemental mass alances due to iolo ical and ecolo ical rocesses aluatin the relati e chan es in car on nitro en and hos horus P ratios in a uatic and terrestrial ecosystems can ad ance our understandin o iolo ical rocesses nutrient cyclin and decom osition o or anic matter utrient stoichiometric homeostasis relates am ient stoichiometric conditions to a s ecies stoichiometric com osition Prior studies su est that lant s ecies de ree o homeostasis ran es rom ea to non homeostatic he de ree o homeostasis o a lant s ecies could indicates its sin stren th n etland ecosystems e etation is a si ea le hi hly aria le and dynamic sin o nutrients
his study in esti ated etland nutrient stoichiometry across se eral ecosystem com artments i e ater soil e etation in t o treatment cells o the er lades torm ater reatment Area south lorida A hese cells include an emer ent a uatic e etation system dominated y ha cattail and a su mer ed a uatic e etation system com osed o s ecies such as hara s mus rass and ota eton s ond eed his study demonstrated that and P stoichiometry can e hi hly aria le ithin and et een etland ecosystem com artments in a P limited ecosystem enerally total P declined alon the lo ath in all ecosystem com artments hereas trends in total and ere not consistent ean hile : P relationshi s increased as : and :P aried in arious com artments alon the treatment lo aths utrient homeostasis o dominant emer ent and su mer ed a uatic e etation A and A res ecti ely ithin t o treatment cells as also in esti ated his study con irmed the hy othesis that etland e etation is non homeostatic alon di erent e etation communities ith homeostasis coe icients o and or A and A res ecti ely
Assessment o etland nutrient stoichiometry et een and ithin ecosystem com artments su est decou lin o or anic matter decom osition rom nutrient minerali ation hich may ha e si ni icant in luences on nutrient remo al rates and contrastin dominant e etation communities urthermore e etation ithin the As ro ides a lar e nutrient sin ith relati ely constant u ta e ressure su estin that e etation alon ith other actors in luence am ient nutrient conditions ithin a i en treatment cell
B : r Julian is a Ph student ith the ni ersity o lorida oil and ater ciences e artment in the etland Bio eochemistry a oratory studyin etland io eochemical rocesses s eci ic to the er lades ecosystem and storm ater treatment areas etland nutrient s iralin stoichiometry and a uatic roducti ity
ontact n ormation: Paul Julian etland Bio eochemistry a oratory oil and ater ciences e t ni ersity o lorida ort Pierce
97 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
RIVER R S T R IT EVA ATI R ATER A S R A E ATER E TIVIT A ITS I I ATI RI ARIA I E E ISTR A E Paul Julian II1, re et her , an r ht ni ersity o lorida oil and ater ciences e artment t Pierce A immera atchment ana ement Authority orsham ic A
Alteration to the hydrolo ic alance o a ri er ecosystem can ha e ro ound e ects on its io eochemistry and su se uent ecolo y and use con ersion chan es in ater demand or a ricultural and domestic uses and alteration o nati e e etation are contri utin actors to stream and ri er hydrolo y and can resultin in chan es to re ional round ater ele ations his altered hydrolo y can result in sur ace ater salini ation throu h the trans ort o saline round ater accumulation o salts in soils assi e run o and direct dischar e o saline round ater to sur ace aters trati ied ools o saline ater can occur due to reduced sur ace ater lo in com ination ith round ater dischar e o saline ater resultin in ne ati e ecolo ical im acts alini ation o resh ater streams and ri ers ha e een o ser ed across the lo e ho e er most nota ly salt a ect ri ers and streams occur throu hout lar e areas o south eastern Australia es ecially in the lo er lains in northern and estern ictoria Australia
his study e aluated the chan e o ater mana ement and re ional hydrolo y relati e to sur ace ater salini ation and its e ect on iota and io eochemistry ithin the lo er immera i er he lo er immera i er has a hi h en ironmental alue ith lar e stretches o intact ri arian and in stream e etation and many threatened auna s ecies o concern he rain all runo relationshi alon di erent reaches o the lo er immera i er ha e chan ed o er time due to chan es in climate and lo re ulation y dams and eirs han es in ater mana ement throu h the ro ision o en ironmental lo s has si ni icantly reduced the extent and duration o hi h salinity e ents at ey locations alon the lo er reaches o the ri er urthermore concurrent ith reduced salinity e ents nutrient concentrations ithin the ri er ha e e un to decline n addition to im ro e ater uality ish and macroin erte rate communities ha e re ounded
on term ecolo ical monitorin has demonstrated that lo and ater uality issues are critical actors that in luence the o erall ecolo ical inte rity o the immera i er hile some ar ue that en ironmental lo s in lo land ri ers are insu icient to ade uately reduce harm ul ecolo ical im acts en ironmental lo mana ement is the central tenant to restorin ater uality and ecolo ical health in the i er ince the creation o ater savings to be provided as environmental flows in the early 2000’s environmental conditions have improved. ithin a decade the i er has im ro ed rom a hi hly im acted ecosystem to a hi hly alued ecosystem and en ironmental asset ithin a decade as a direct result o the im lementation o en ironmental lo restoration
B : r Julian is a Ph student ith the ni ersity o lorida oil and ater ciences e artment in the etland Bio eochemistry a oratory studyin a uatic io eochemical rocesses etland nutrient s iralin stoichiometry and a uatic roducti ity
ontact n ormation: Paul Julian etland Bio eochemistry a oratory oil and ater ciences e t ni ersity o lorida ort Pierce
98 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
TR S E I ASE A EA I R A EAT A Hojeong Kang , hr ree an and un h un K onsei niversity eo l orea 2 angor niversity angor mithsonian nvironmental esearch enter dgewater
ncreases in dissolved organic carbon concentrations in streams have been recorded at locations all over the world incl ding rope orth merica and ast sia over the past few decades. large proportion of originates from watersheds with organic soils s ch as peatlands which store over a third of global soil organic carbon. recent report based on a field manip lation e periment s ggested that changes in p ca sed by a decline in acid deposition may be a ey driver for the large release of from peatland dominated watersheds. owever the st dy failed to reveal a biological lin age between p and releases even tho gh microbial processes may be responsible for s ch changes in addition to chemical reactions and physical leaching from the peat matri nder elevated p conditions. he present st dy aimed to investigate biogeochemical lin ages between p increase and prod ction in peatland by analy ing chemical properties en yme activities and microbial comm nity str ct re in global peatland.
e collected soil and water samples from peatland in orea apan and ndonesia. henol o idase and hydrolases activities were meas red by sing artificial model s bstrates. acterial comm nity str ct res were assessed by se encing and t and the ab ndances of microbes and f nctional genes were estimated by real time . n addition to the field s rvey two p manip lation e periments were cond cted both in the field and lab conditions. inally we either noc o t phenol o idase with an inhibitor or added phenol o idase in peat sl rry samples to reveal the role of phenol o idase in leaching from peat matri .
he p e hibited a positive correlation with phenol o idase across the sites. hen all data were plotted in a single graph phenol o idase activity appeared to be e ponentially associated with p . owever neither temperat re nor water level e hibited significant correlations with phenol o idase indicating that p is the main controlling variable for phenol o idase. he manip lation e periment showed the same trend where phenol o idase activity was significantly associated with p changes. n addition phenol o idase activity was positively correlated with phenolics in pore water in each site indicating that phenol o idase activity indeed is associated with the release of phenolic material from peat soils. ddition of phenol o idase s bstantially increased phenolic concentration in peat sl rry while the inhibition of the en yme decreased phenolics in the sample. t was also fo nd that p effect on phenol o idase is both direct and indirect thro gh changes in microbial comm nity as well as ab ndances. n s mmary o r res lts showed that p increases in peatland by red ced atmospheric deposition activate phenol o idase in peat which then accelerates leaching to ad acent a atic ecosystems.
r. ang is rofessor at chool of ivil and nvironmental ngineering onsei niversity in orea. e has p blished over 00 international o rnal papers foc sing on microbial ecology of wetland ecosystems. e is c rrently serving as an ssociate ditor for ‘Ecological Engineering’ and editorial board members for ‘Microbial Ecology’, ‘Pedosphere’ and ‘Ecosystem Services’.
ontact nformation o eong ang chool of ivil and nvironmental ngineering onsei niversity onsei o 0 eo l 0 22 orea
99 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
E E TS RRI A E IR A ASTA EVER A ES ATERS I RI A A Christopher Kavanagh, a h ratto, ten ational Par Service, Everglades ational Par , lorida ay nteragency Science enter, , S
ater ality along northern coastal lorida ay is mediated by the everglades etland processes and ater vol me and residence times in the atershed. ategory h rricane rma in September prod ced a large fl of s rface ater and marsh n trients affecting ater conditions in coastal aters of So th lorida. Monitoring efforts targeted the dissolved n trients and phytoplan ton response to the ind dist rbance and increased fl from everglades marsh and mangrove coastline. Physical, chemical and biological parameters ere trac ed in lorida ay aters in the aftermath of the h rricane incl ding dissolved o ygen, nitrogen, phosphoro s, organic carbon, and chlorophyll a. es lts of the magnit de and dynamics of ater conditions in the months follo ing the storm event are described.
Mr. hristopher avanagh is a marine ecologist ith more than years of e perience in coastal and est arine research and management. e has e perience ith ater ality and coastal processes, and is c rrently engaged in pro ects dedicated to restoration of the Everglades and lorida ay.
ontact nformation hristopher avanagh, Everglades ational Par , lorida ay nteragency Science enter, verseas igh ay, ey argo, , S
100 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
AT IS T E AR SE ESTRATI TE TIAL OF AUSTRALIA’S COASTA AI RESTS Jeffrey Kelleway1, e a nt an , Ken Krau , ar errano , ar a ernanda da e , onnor orha and au a er Mac arie niversity, Sydney, S , stralia ational etland esearch enter, afayette, , S School of Science, entre for Marine Ecosystems esearch, Edith o an niversity, oondal p, , stralia stralian ivers nstit te, riffith niversity, athan, , stralia
oastal floodplain forests are ecological comm nities on aterlogged or periodically in ndated flats, drainage lines, la e margins and est arine fringes associated ith coastal floodplains, composed of a uar na and e a eu a species. n est arine settings, they may be in ndated d ring large spring tides, introd cing s lphates and salinity to the soils. he contemporary biogeochemistry of coastal floodplain forests may also be infl enced by sea level history. or e ample, a sea level high stand in the early to mid Holocene along Australia’s coastlines has res lted in elevated s lphate concentrations and potential acid s lphate soils in coastal floodplains. ogether, these contemporary and historical factors may generate biogeochemical conditions similar to those of presently defined ‘blue carbon’ ecosystems (mangrove, tidal marsh, seagrass) – that is, aterlogged, s lphate rich soils here decomposition of organic matter is slo ed and methanogenesis is s ppressed.
e present first data from m ltiple stralian coastlines on carbon stoc s above and belo gro nd , soil carbon acc m lation rates based on radiometric Pb dating and decomposition rates short term litterbag e periment in coastal floodplain forests. e compare o r findings ith data from more comprehensively st died mangrove, tidal marsh and seagrass ecosystems. r antifications of the carbon and s rface acc m lation dynamics of coastal floodplain forests have implications for carbon acco nting and mitigation in stralia, f t re management of coastal floodplain forests, and global directions of bl e carbon research and policy.
r. elle ay is a Postdoctoral esearch ello ith over years of e perience cond cting etland research and management oriented pro ects. is research foc sses on the ecosystem processes associated ith etland change and the science and implementation needs of bl e carbon pro ects.
ontact nformation effrey elle ay, epartment of Environmental Science, , Mac arie niversity, S stralia
101 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
UR A STOR AT R TLA S AS O L IO OC ICAL S ST S L AT SALT A SULFAT Lauren Kinsman-Costello1, nne e er on , edro e aneda , Ha e Bu en a , aura u ano and a or hae ent tate niversity, ent H, A ndiana niversity, , A
vidence is emerging that fresh ater ecosystems embedded in an urban landsca e are distinct from those associated ith rural land use and land covers ecifically, urban a uatic systems bear a uni ue geochemistry characteri ed by high salt and high concentrations n sno affected regions, rivers, streams, and etlands are e eriencing increasing ionic concentrations, as indicated by chloride ( l ) concentrations, due to effects of the use of salt de icers on im ervious surfaces hloride concentrations remain elevated year round, indicating accumulation of salt in storage ones, and often e ceed criteria for the rotection of a uatic life A trend of elevated concentrations in urban a uatic ecosystems is a lesser no n attern, but has been detected in urban streams in multi le regions om ared to streams, less urban etland ater uality data is available
e assessed the ater uality functions of t o urban storm ater etlands in northeast hio by monitoring flo s and solute concentrations at inflo s, outflo s, and etland interiors, and airing these data ith indicators of sediment biogeochemistry urface aters in these and other urban etlands routinely contained l and concentrations greater than mg , and sometimes l concentrations e ceed to icity criteria for a uatic life ur data suggest that trends of elevated l and concentrations in urban etlands may be more ronounced than in urban streams hrough these t o case studies, e demonstrate that, in addition to novel urban geochemical stressors, etland design and construction, etland management, and climate conditions all contribute to the ater uality functions of urban etlands
r insman ostello is an Assistant rofessor in the e artment of iological ciences at ent tate niversity he is an a uatic ecosystem ecologist interested in the effects of hydrology on nutrient biogeochemistry Her research aims to inform larger uestions about the ability of humans to manage, restore, and create ecosystems
ontact nformation auren insman ostello, e artment of iological ciences, ent tate niversity, o , ent, H, A
102 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
TAL O ILIT A R T TIO I CO STRUCT TLA S I T Anna S. Knox and hae H a er avannah iver ational aboratory, Ai en, , A
he A etland treatment system ( ) as designed to remove metals from the effluent at the A outfall at the avannah iver ite, Ai en, he A effluent flo s from a retention basin to a s litter bo , here it is distributed to four airs of cells in series before discharge to a stream ach treatment cell is a one acre etland that contains hoeno e tu a orn u (giant bulrush) and has a nominal hour retention time he ur ose of this research as to evaluate retention of the removed contaminants in etland sediment, and the otential remobili ation of these contaminants from the sediment into the ater column
enerally, the highest concentrations of u, b, and n ere found in the sediment from the first cell in each air of cells suggesting that most of the u, b, and n in the A effluent as bound to the sediment uic ly e uential e traction analysis as used to evaluate remobili ation and retention of u, b, n, n, and e in the etland sediment from the A emobili ation of metals as determined by the otentially obile raction ( ) and metal retention by the ecalcitrant actor ( ) he otentially obile raction ( ) is an indicator of the contaminant fraction that has the otential to enter the mobile a ueous hase due to changes in environmental factors such as H, h, tem erature and others etals associated ith the are metals found in ater, e changeable, acid soluble, organic, and amor hous n and e o ide fractions enerally, the values for u, n and b ere about hese lo values indicate that most of the removed metals ere in strongly bound hases and not easily e tractable he values for e and n sho ed an o osite trend – the values ere very high i e , about or more for e and for n hese high values indicate high desor tion of e and n from the sediment and high solubility of their solid hases
he is a ratio of strongly bound fractions to the total concentration of elements in sediment (or the sum of all fractions) he is o osite to the i e , the indicates the virtually irreversible retention of metals by the solid hase his construct rovides an estimate of the ercentage of a contaminant resistant to remobili ation that is retained in the contaminated sediment he values ere about for u, n and b, indicating high retention of these elements in the sediment he values for e and n ranged from to above , much lo er than for u, n, and b
r Anna o hia no is a ello cientist at the avannah iver ational aboratory ( ) he has researched the biogeochemistry and geochemistry of metals and radionuclides in natural and contaminated soils sediments for years he has ublished more than scientific a ers, boo cha ters, and one boo
ontact nformation Anna o hia no , avannah iver ational aboratory, avannah iver uclear olutions, , Ai en,
103 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
R I LU CAR O CAR O STORA OF STUARI TI AL FLAT A S I TS I ST COAST OF OR A Bong-Oh Kwon, un un oh, on n ee, Beo K , on eon Kh
rganic carbon and carbon stable isotopic ratio (δ
Contact Information: Jong Seong Khim, BENTHOS Lab., School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
104 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
CAR O U T OF A AST R ORT CAROLI A COASTAL FR S AT R TLA FOLLO I OS ORUS A ITIO Sydni L. Law and nr ue e e East Carolina University, epartment of Biology, reenville, NC, US
etlands store 30% of the earth’s soil pool of carbon. Fourteen percent of the world’s wetlands are found in the United States with 17% of those found in North Carolina (NC). Seventy percent of North Carolina’s freshwater etlands are pocosin peatlands. ocosins are no n for their thic peat layers that store substantial amounts of carbon and other nutrients, particularly nitrogen. Since the 1920s, 50% of NC’s pocosins have been degraded for agriculture. This research is carried out in a pocosin peatland located on East Carolina University’s West Research Campus that drains into the Neuse and Tar Rivers, contributing to do nstream river and estuary health by retaining large amounts of nutrients. The aim of this research is to determine ho these fresh ater ombrotrophic peatlands budget and store carbon hen the availability of phosphorus, the limiting nutrient, increases follo ing different fertili ation treatments. CO concentrations ere collected from static greenhouse gas chambers at set time intervals to calculate CO flu , an indicator or net ecosystem metabolism and overall carbon storage in plant tissue and soil. bove and belo ground biomass as also collected and burned to determine carbon lost on ignition and respective biomass allocation. Comparisons of biomass allocation and CO flu bet een treatments ere used to determine ho increasing phosphorus availability in the soil changes the overall carbon budget of this etland. Results sho that increasing the limiting nutrient in pocosins initially decreases the flu of carbon as CO out of the system under lo O fertili ation, but as O concentrations increase, so does the CO flu . emonstrating changes in carbon budgeting ithin a pocosin follo ing nutrient application can provide insight into the fate of degraded peatlands and their potential influence on rivers do nstream from them, such as the ones that occur along the southeastern Coastal lain of the U.S.
BIO: Sydni is currently finishing her Master’s of Biology research thesis at East Carolina University or ing ith r. Enri ue Reyes here she focused on ecology and biogeochemistry of etlands.
Contact information: Sydni L. La epartment of Biology, East Carolina University , N Ho ell Science Comple , reenville, NC
105 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ASS SSI SI IFICA C OF IFF R T IRO TAL RI RS I ACT COASTAL L ATIO C A I LOUISIA A Jing Liu Florida tlantic University, Boca Raton, F , US
n coastal ouisiana, it is certain that tidal wetlands already e periencing sub ergence by sea level rise and associated high rate of land subsidence. With 12 per year Relative Sea evel Rise (RS R), 5,000 2 of wetlands has lost over the past century. When coastal arshes aintain their elevation relative to RS R, they could survive. n the other hand, if arshes vertical develop rate slower than RS R, they will gradually beco e sub erged and convert to intertidal udflat or to open water. t is necessary to assess current and predict future rates of vertical buildup of coastal surfaces and wetland sustainability during the ne t century.
he processes of the capacity of coastal wetlands aintain a stable relationship with sea level is co ple , any factors ust be considered in such an assess ent. his study using e pirical coastal surface elevation change data derived fro a networ in ouisiana, fro 2007 to 2017 to odel and assess the significance of different environ ental driver i pact on surface elevation change. Factorial analysis of variance was underta en to develop a model that provided the best fit to the empirical data using surface elevation change and vertical accretion change as dependent variables. Water te perature, water level distance fro channel, percentage of vegetation and salinity were tested as independent variables. he ai e nfor ation Criterion Corrected ( Cc) score was used to select for the ost parsi onious odel of independent variable interactions. Using ti e series analysis to describe the i portant features of ti e series pattern and e plain how the past affects the future to forecast the future values of the series. pplying the wetlands accretion odel to RS R to develop a landscape elevation odel that increase the integrity of sea level rise vulnerability assess ent for coastal wetlands.
B ing iu is a second year h. . student in epart ent of eosciences, F U. er ultidisciplinary research integrates environ ental science, S, re ote sensing, statistical odeling, and achine learning techni ues to better understand i pacts of accelerated sea level rise on coastal syste s.
Contact nfor ation ing iu, 777 lades Road, Boca Raton, F , US , 33 32
106 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
A ICS OF SOIL ITRO ACCU ULATIO FOLLO I TATIO R STORATIO I A T ICAL ARST CATC T Xin Liu1,2,3, han e , , an Ke n , 1 ey aboratory of gro ecological rocesses in Subtropical Region, nstitute of Subtropical griculture, Chinese cade y of Sciences, Changsha 10125, China 2 uan iang bservation and Research Station for arst Ecosyste s, uan iang 5 7100, China 3University of Chinese cade y of Science, Bei ing 1000 9, China
he e tre ely fragile arst ecosyste in southwest China is one of the largest e posed carbonated roc areas ( ore than 0.5 illion 2) in the world. Since the rain for reen and other ecological restoration pro ects have been i ple ented in the late 20th century, uch tillage and pasture lands have been abandoned or changed fro crop to forest or other secondary vegetation states, which are acco panied by changes in ecosyste structure, processes and functions. owever, the dyna ics of soil nitrogen (N) after vegetation restoration have not been thoroughly evaluated on the long ter fi ed point research in a arst catch ent in southwest China.
n order to e pand the scientific understanding of soil N accu ulation after vegetation restoration, we analy ed the data, which was recorded 10 years fro fi ed point field e peri ent, to evaluate the dyna ic of soil N se uestration after vegetation restoration in a typical arst catch ent. We used 52 soil sa ples to easure the dyna ics of soil nitrogen content (NC) and soil nitrogen density (N ) on different vegetation restoration types (tillage converted to pasture, planted forest and i ed plantation of pasture and forest, abandoned tillage, pasture converted to i ed plantation of pasture and forest, abandoned pasture land, and unchanged tillage and pasture).
We observed that the overall soil N content across the catch ent was increased significantly, but the overall soil N density had no obvious change in the topsoil after vegetation restoration. he overall soil N density only increased 0.3 % with a lower rate of soil N se uestration after short ter vegetation restoration. Meanwhile, the ratio of soil carbon to nitrogen (C N ratio) in the overall catch ent was increased significantly. ur study indicated that the recovery of soil N was slow, thus it re uires long ter vegetation restoration to recover the soil N in arst area.
B r. hang is an ssociate rofessor of soil ecology. is research focuses on understanding the effects of hu an disturbance and land use change on carbon and nitrogen se uestration and cycling of nutrients in terrestrial ecosyste s.
Contact nfor ation Wei hang, ey aboratory of gro ecological rocesses in Subtropical Region, nstitute of Subtropical griculture, Chinese cade y of Sciences, Changsha 10125, China
107 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ARL I ACTS OF R STORATIO O IO OC ISTR OF I T RTI AL O ST R R FS I T I IA RI R LA OO FLORI A Bryan Locher, a Hur tand, a ha er uatic Biogeoche istry aboratory, epart ent of Biology, University of Central Florida, rlando, F
lobally, oyster reefs have declined in nu bers due to factors such as habitat loss, overharvesting, and disease. Within the northern ndian River agoon, F there are ongoing efforts to restore degraded reefs by providing substrate for oyster spat. lthough prior studies on restoration have focused on the effects of oysters on water clarity and nitrogen pollution in coastal water bodies, few have assessed the i pact of restoration on i proving biogeoche ical cycling. his study ai s to analy e the effects of restoring an oyster reef on sedi ent and surface water nutrient cycling within the first year of recruit ent and growth. Using a before after control i pact design, four sedi ent cores and one surface water sa ple were ta en on each of four dead, restored, and 3 natural reference reefs to observe changes in physioche ical (bioavailable nutrients N 3 , N , , and C total carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous pools bul density and sedi ent p ) and icrobial (e tracellular en y es) properties at ti e points before restoration, and one wee , one onth , si onths and nine onths post restoration. reli inary results indicate that before restoration, natural reference reefs display the highest a ount of both bioavailable and long ter nutrient pools as well as the lowest sedi ent p . ead reef sedi ents, with the lowest organic atter content, consistently had the highest bul density. Before restoration, the restored reef sedi ents show easure ents si ilar to the levels of dead reefs because they are both functionally dead – a pile of loose, disarticulated shells. Continuous onitoring over the ne t several onths will i prove the understanding of nutrient storage and cycling on oyster reefs and the ti e after restoration re uired to restore biogeoche ical function.
B Bryan ocher is a Master of Science student at the University of Central Florida in r. isa Chambers’ Aquatic Biogeochemistry Lab. His research interests include the biogeoche istry of coastal ecosyste s and how to create cleaner, healthier coastal waters.
Contact nfor ation Bryan ocher, epart ent of Biology, University of Central Florida, 110 ibra r., rlando, F 32 1
108 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
CO STRUCT TLA S FOR SALT AT R A UACULTUR AST AT R TR AT T USI A FLOATI TR AT T TLA IOR ACTOR S ST A TLA S O IFI IT IO RA A L LASTICS Cristina R. Lopardo , han , a t h , and H deto h ra awa e artme t o ari e a co ogica cie ces ori a u Coast i ersity ort yers L A erg a es et a esearch ar ori a u Coast i ersity a es L A
Co structe et a s are o to be e ecti e or e ue t treatme t o resh ater ru o rom urba a agricu tura areas ho e er itt e is o about the e icie cy o utrie t rich sa t ater treatme t. o com are the utrie t remo a e icie cy o co structe et a s t o ty es o mesocosms ere esig e a oati g treatme t et a ith the ha o hytes embe e i a oati g mat a a ty ica co structe et a C ith sa a gra e substrate. e set the goa o this stu y to e ami e the e ecti e ess o these co structe et a s or e ue t treatme t o sa t ater aquacu ture aste ater. e a te sa t ater cor grass art na a tern ora i the et a s a reare i ish o odon rho o de i a recircu ate aquacu ture system. As a o e a roach bio egra ab e astics ere i tro uce i these et a s as a carbo source to e ha ce a microbia utrie t remo a rocess. o yca ro acto e CL as i cor orate i the esig o the C through buria ithi the u er cm o sa hi e CL as use as the reactor me ium i a c ose recircu ati g bioreactor system ithi the . A tota o eight mesocosms ga o o yethy e e stoc ta . m . m . m ere re are our mesocosms a our C ith t o o each ha i g bio egra ab e astics a t o co tro s ithout. he e erime ts ere co ucte i ear y summer i ha i g t o ee i g e e ts or the a our ee i g e e ts or the C . A so e as use or mo itori g o H o yge a sa i ity ithi the . Abo egrou a t biomass as measure rior to e erime tatio a o ce agai a ter the com etio o e erime t. oot soi a astic sam es ere co ecte u o com etio o the e erime ta erio or high through ut seque ci g a a ysis o microbia commu ities. orga ic utrie t co ce tratio s ere etermi e through sta ar ca orimetric metho s or ammo ia itrite itrate a hos hate. ur resu ts sho e that the C ha a a erage itrate remo a rate o . . mg L ay or co tro a . . mg L ay or re icates ith a embe e CL ayer o er the e erime ta erio etermi e rom the i ere ce bet ee i o a out o co ce tratio s. sho e that itrate remo a i ot occur or co tro mesocosms ith a a erage remo a rate o . . mg L ay or re icates ith the CL bioreactor equi e . ur itrate measureme ts sho e that C ha a arger remo a rate tha .
B Cristi a Lo ar o is a iro me ta cie ce . . stu e t at ori a u Coast i ersity co ucti g research i the ie o e e o i g utrie t remo a tech o ogies through microbia reme iatio a co structe et a s as art o her thesis or . he recei e the orothy . ygh e o shi a B air ou atio cho arshi or her or .
Co tact ormatio Cristi a Lo ar o ori a u Coast i ersity C B . outh ort yers L A
109 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
FLUCTUATI S A L L A A ITAT C A I ST R AUSTRALIA Catherine E. Lovelock , a e er2, ar n Ba , har n H e 4 and uth ee he i ersity o uee s a t Lucia L Austra ia. mithso ia iro me ta esearch Ce ter ge ater A Austra ia atio a i ersity Ca berra AC Austra ia he i ersity o ester Austra ia Cra ey A Austra ia. o ash i ersity e bour e C Austra ia.
ece t e i e ce i icates c imate cha ge a i te si icatio o the i o outher sci atio has i crease ariatio i sea e e . A though i e s rea im acts are a tici ate to arise rom the sea e e seesa associate ith c imate cha ge o e ha e yet bee emo strate . terti a ecosystems o the ari o e i c u i g ma gro es a associate ecosystems o the high i terti a sa t ats are amo g those ecosystems that are high y i ue ce by sea e e a thus they may be u erab e to sea e e ariabi ity a e treme o sea e e e e ts. uri g years o mo itori g o a ma gro e orest i orth ester Austra ia e ocume te t o ma gro e iebac e e ts the most rece t o e bei g coi ci e t ith the arge sca e iebac o ma gro es i orther Austra ia . iebac s i ester Austra ia ere coi ci e t ith erio s o ery o sea e e hich ere associate ith i crease soi sa i i atio o abo e re e e t e e s ea i g to ca o y oss re uce ma gro e recruitme t a e e o me t o co itio s a orab e or cya obacteria mats. ur stu y i icates that i te si icatio o a uctuati g sea e e s a o g ith other actors may i ue ce the ba a ce bet ee ma gro e a high i terti a sa t ats ithi i terti a a sca es o the ari o e.
BIO: Cath Lovelock’s research focuses on climate change and coastal plant commu ities. he is a member o the ter atio a B ue Carbo cie ti ic or i g rou a is ea author o the et a s cha ter or the u comi g re isio o the CC ui e i es or atio a ree house as e tories.
Co tact ormatio ro . Catheri e Lo e oc choo o Bio ogica cie ces he i ersity o uee s a t Lucia L Austra ia
110 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
ITROUS O I ISSIO FRO ORL ATLA S Ülo Mander , aan rn , , en er , ee e , H e a , r r eo a , , Kuno Ka a , art n add on , ar a ruu , aa ruu niversit of artu artu stonia niversit of Birmingham Birmingham edish niversit of gricultural esearch me eden
itrous o ide O is a po erful greenhouse gas and the main driver of stratospheric o one depletion e conducted a glo al soil and gas sampling campaign et een ugust and ecem er follo ing a standard protocol e sampled organic soil sites in regions across the tropical temperate and oreal climates ithin each region at least one site as esta lished in a natural peatland and another one in an ad acent drained area he h drolog and trophic status of the natural peatlands ranged from ground ater fed s amps and fens to om rotrophic peat ogs Land use varied et een natural fen og s amp or og forest and agricultural pasture ha field or ara le ithin the sites locations follo ed a ground ater depth gradient as flu es ere determined using the static cham er method at least three times ithin three da s per location oil p O Ca and g and organic matter content ere determined from the collected samples In rench uiana fen samples the acterial and archaeal r genes and functional genes involved in nitrogen c cling n r n rK no no acterial and archaeal a o n H nr O acteria genes in soil ere uantified using uantitative C method
In all areas O emissions ere significantl higher in the affected sites than in the natural sites tatistical anal ses sho ed a strong positive correlation et een the O emissions and soil O content p hile soil moisture and ater ta le level sho ed a negative correlation ith O emission p in all sites – e found that the emissions can e predicted models incorporating soil nitrate concentration O ater – content C and temperature O emission increases as mptoticall ith O and follo s a ell shaped distri ution ith C Com ining the t o functions e plains of log O emission from all organic soils – ccordingl e cess soil O provided either through draining et soils or irrigating ell drained soils can – increase O emission orders of magnitude Com ining soil O ith temperature e plains of log O emission cross the glo al sites tropical organic soils e hi ited the highest O emission and thus should e a research and conservation priorit for reducing O emissions
rainage had a clear impact on the communities of n r n rK no archaeal a o and n H gene possessing microorganisms he structure of the communities as mainl related to different forms he acterial communit as more a undant p in the natural site hile the O production potential a undance of the n r genes as not different et een the drained and non drained sites O reduction potential a undance of no genes as higher p in the natural area here significantl lo er mineral content and high ground ater level ere detected
BIO: r ander is rofessor of h sical eograph and Landscape colog and ead of the epartment of eograph Institute of colog and arth ciences at the niversit of artu stonia is research and teaching are focused on landscape ecolog car on and nutrient c cling in etlands and catchment levels and ecological engineering constructed etlands: design and performance
Contact Information: lo ander epartment of eograph niversit of artu anemuise t artu stonia
111 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
R OUS AS ISSIO S A CAR O S U STRATIO I IT RRA A RIC FI L S A TLA S T RO LTA CAS Maite Martínez –Eixarch, ar e e , nton o a da a and o han enne
30% of earth’s carbon but may emit 20
a
112 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
FF CTS OF FLOO LAI R STORATIO O ITRO A OS ORUS A ICS I A RICULTURAL AT RS S , e ena ord , e ohn on , re oe , ddharth a ena , and en ate h erwade ur ue ni ersity est afayette 2 eo o ica ur ey eston
cess nitro en an hos horus in recei in aters is associate ith hi h nutrient in uts e ferti i er foo an anima aste se a e in atershe s that are unsustainab y an intensi e y mana e for a ricu ture uses he ma ority of e ort occurs urin hi h f o s that mobi i e isso e nitro en an hos horus as e as se iment an associate o utants n un e e o e atershe s f oo ains interce t this f oo u se creatin o tima con itions for hysica an bio o ica retention to occur no ic con itions in saturate soi s or soi a re ates romote nitro en remo a ia enitrification but can a so cause re ease of hos horus from sor tion sites that are maintaine un er o ic con itions estoration or creation of ri erine f oo ains has the otentia to im ro e ater ua ity ho e er un erstan in the cumu ati e effects on nitro en an hos horus ynamics is critica y nee e ur oa is to etermine the functiona re ationshi s that e ist bet een sources an sin s of nutrients e enitrification hos horus re ease an hy ro ynamic an en ironmenta ri ers e are usin the abash i ecanoe i er conf uence as a mo e ecosystem to uantify f oo ain hy ro ynamics se imentation an carbon an nutrient f u es y ro ynamic mo e in of the an ana ysis of ai y f o fre uency sho s that urin the me ian f o at east art of the f oo ain is inun ate for 0% of the year 3 ays an the entire f oo ain is inun ate 2% ays of the year his s atia istribution of f oo in is a so ref ecte in structura e soi nutrient content bu ensity an functiona e enitrification atterns he co ariance bet een inun ation soi ro erties an enitrification su ests that structura connecti ity ays a stron ro e in contro in the istribution of f oo ain function his etai e un erstan in of the contro s on bio eochemistry is critica y nee e to ui e mana ement ecisions re ar in acement an im act of restoration ro ects
r c i an is an ssistant rofessor ith o er 0 years e erience in research esi n an assessment of stream an et an restoration ro ects he inte rates fie e eriments an numerica metho s to i entify contro s on bio eochemica rocesses an o timi e acement of eco o ica y base mana ement ractices in a ricu tura an urban atershe s
ontact nformation ara c i an ricu tura an io o ica n ineerin ur ue ni ersity 22 ni ersity treet est afayette 0
113 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
T A ISSIO S FRO OT TLA A U LA TR S ACROSS A FLOO I RA I T , ott t , and Kather ne a e mithsonian n ironmenta esearch enter e ater 2 ohns o ins ni ersity a timore
tu ies of f u es in forests ha e tra itiona y focuse on soi surfaces ith et an forests actin as net sources an u an free y raine forests as net sin s t is increasin y c ear that is a so e chan e across ea es branches trun s an oo y ebris but it is not c ear hether these surfaces are uantitati e y im ortant to forest bu ets because of a ac of em irica ata e in esti ate the re ati e im ortance of e chan e across soi s an tree stems as a function of s ecies time an ater tab e e th easurements of an 2 f u ere ma e from trees 0 m abo e roun an soi s o er t o ro in season on 32 in i i ua s an s ecies arran e across a 0 m u an to et an forest transect at the mithsonian n ironmenta esearch enter ary an s e ecte u an soi s ere net methane sin s hi e transitiona an et an soi s ere net sources mean se 65±6, 7±25, and 190±123 μg m 2 soi h res ecti e y y com arison 2 tree stems ere near y a ays net sources, with emissions of 69 ±13, 181 ± 55 and 568 ± 175 μg m stem h in u an transitiona an et an habitats res ecti e y ethane f u es ere not consistent y obser e from 20 of the tree stems but e ery in i i ua re ease f u at some oint urin the stu y e conc u e that tree stems ha e a meanin fu effect on the bu ets of forests – both et an an u an – that has been ar e y o er oo e
at e oni a is enior cientist at the mithsonian n ironmenta esearch enter an an ecosystem eco o ist ith e ertise in carbon cyc in an reenhouse as f u es in et an s an forests as they re ate to oba chan e e is a e o of the co o ica ociety of merica an the oi cience ociety of merica
ontact nformation at e oni a mithsonian n ironmenta esearch enter ontees harf oa e ater 2 03
114 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
SUSTAI A L SOL I L AC OS ORUS A ITRO I LA SCA S IT TLA S A TLACULTUR , and B n B n an ,
— —
o o a n neer n
115 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
T ROL OF RI I FF CTS O T CO RSIO OF LU CAR O TO CO I T COASTAL O , ard , re ano , u , a a h , ra , orne , au hn , B an h
systems. She received her PhD from the University of Florida’s Soil and Water Sciences Department in soil microbial ecology.
116 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
UTRI T RIC T ALT RS LU CAR O OOLS A ROC SS S , on Bar er , e a or , o hua a an , a t n Bauer , eo he an , ran ne ee h , a a a , a e e er ryn a r ollege ryn a r P US Smithsonian nvironmental esearch enter dge ater D US emple University mbler P US
lobal change factors are no n to ind ce feedbac s on primary prod ction that drive ecosystem processes incl ding carbon se estration in tidal salt marshes. ltho gh there has been an emphasis on the inventory of bl e carbon pools and processes little attention has been given to the potential role of changing fo ndation species genetic diversity and genetic identity on carbon cycle processes. n a long term nitrogen enrichment e periment in assach setts D e have fo nd that n trient poll tion acted as an environmental filter that red ced intraspecific genetic diversity altered genetic identity and altered plant traits e.g. flo ering phenology root shoot ratio of the fo ndation species art na a tern ora.
o eval ate ho these changes in fo ndation species alter bl e carbon pools and processes e meas red carbon pools biomass allocation and carbon cycle processes for t o years in paired nitrogen enriched and reference salt marshes. We fo nd that genetic changes in n trient enriched ecosystems ere associated ith red ctions in belo gro nd biomass altered phenology and increased ecosystem respiration in comparison to paired reference ecosystem. ed ced belo gro nd biomass allocation and enhanced ecosystem respiration have res lted in red ced soil carbon pools at depth. r data s ggest that genetic changes in fo ndation species from global change factors s ch as n trient enrichment may create cascades that accelerate changes in ecosystem processes to alter the bl e carbon f nction of etlands.
BIO: Dr. Mozdzer is an assistant professor in Bryn Mawr’s Biology Department. He has nearly 20 years’ experience researching coastal etlands. is research has been foc sed on the effects of global change on greenho se gas fl es carbon storage plant ecophysiology genetic diversity of fo ndation species and invasive species.
ontact nformation homas o d er ryn a r ollege . erion ve ryn a r P
117 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ICROSCAL RO RO I ASUR TS OF C A O ACT RIAL LOO S I SOUT ST FLORI A LA S , hard Bart e on , e an eene , a we B ett t , Haru a ra awa , r randt , hae ar on and H deto h ra awa lorida lf oast ni ersity ort Myers 2Marine a oratory ani el apti a onser ation o ndation ani el
yano acterial looms are a glo al pro lem eca se of the increased fl x of nitrogen and phosphor s and other limiting n trients into la es and coastal waters. yano acterial looms are of special concern to h man health as st dies ha e shown that they can prod ce toxins or other s stances that lead to illness. long with n trient management chemical treatments to control harmf l algal looms ha e een sed incl ding copper s lfate iological treatment y se of catalysis and recently the se of hydrogen peroxide. he tilization of hydrogen peroxide to control cyano acterial looms is promising eca se hydrogen peroxide does not last long and is degraded into water and oxygen. In high concentrations howe er hydrogen peroxide is toxic to a atic organisms and an nderstanding of nat ral hydrogen peroxide concentrations is necessary for f t re water management. he aim of this pro ect was to collect aseline data of hydrogen peroxide in so thwest lorida la es. e also examined iological responses of cyano acteria to hydrogen peroxide expos re.
Hydrogen peroxide was antified y ferro s ion oxidation in the presence of xylenol orange and y sing hydrogen peroxide microsensors. e compared these two methods in terms of detection limits and linearity and fo nd that oth methods correlated with each other and are interchangea le. O r initial sensor wor showed that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide changes ic ly in cyano acterial c lt res it was prod ced nder the light condition while it declined nder the no light condition. Based on this o ser ation we hypothesized that pre io s meas rements of hydrogen peroxide in literat re constantly nderestimated the concentration of hydrogen peroxide eca se it wo ld e degraded d ring the transportation of water from the field to the la oratory. o confirm this hypothesis we compared two s rface water samples one was collected from the field and transferred to the la oratory with l e ice and the other was treated with 0.2 m pore size filters at the field and transported in the same manner. he res lts s pported o r hypothesis and showed that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide was consistently higher in the filtered water samples than the normal non filtered condition water samples. iterat re data s ggested that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is higher in s rface water than the deeper water in la es. Howe er no s ch meas rements ha e een ta en in so thwest lorida. In addition nothing is nown a o t microscale distri tions of hydrogen peroxide in s rface la e water. h s we sed the hydrogen peroxide microsensor to examine the millimeter scale distri tion of hydrogen peroxide in thin s rface la e water. hese meas rements were applied nder cyano acteria loom conditions and compared with normal conditions. he la e s rface microlayer water was collected and sed for standard n trient and chlorophyll analyses along with iron meas rements. e isited two cyano acterial looming sites De itt ond in ani el Island and a e an arlos in ort Myers and determined ertical hydrogen peroxide profiles in these la es approximately 2 m deep . In De itt ond the hydrogen peroxide concentration ranged etween 0. to . M and the maxim m concentration was o ser ed at the s rface. imilar profiles were o tained from a e an arlos t the concentration was higher and ranged from 2. to . M. he microprofiles 0 0 mm showed steeper hydrogen peroxide gradients and ranged from .2 to 2. M in De itt ond and . to 20. M in a e an arlos. he concentration of hydrogen peroxide was higher at the loom sites than at the control sites and higher at the location in the s n than the location in the shade. ll together we fo nd a high nat ral ac gro nd le el of hydrogen peroxide in so thwest lorida la es and a significant contri tion y cyano acteria in hydrogen peroxide dynamics.
BIO: Luka Ndungu, is pursuing master’s degree in Environmental Science at Florida Gulf Coast University. He is studying the interaction etween cyano acteria and hydrogen peroxide in a atic ecosystem.
ontact Information: a d ng lorida lf oast ni ersity 0 0 Bl d. o th ort Myers
118 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
S ASO AL A URRICA IR A FF CTS O T ROLO IC R I OF A CO STRUCT UR A STOR AT R TR AT T TLA CO L I SOUT ST R FLORI A , auren r th , and a t h Everglades etland esearch ark, Bayshore rive, Florida Gulf Coast University, Naples, FL, US
Freedom ark, a ha park constructed in Naples, Florida in , includes a . ha storm ater etland treatment system for improving the ater uality of the do nstream impaired Gordon iver and estuaries that flo into the Gulf of e ico. he atershed includes , ha of a highly ur ani ed Naples metro area. he goals of the storm ater etlands are to improve the ater uality, reduce peak flo s discharging into Gordon iver and further to Naples Bay, and provide an aesthetic ater park for the pu lic. Understanding the hydrology of the system is a critical component in understanding the overall functioning of its design, and in determining if the original goals of the system are eing met. hydrologic udget as summari ed into monthly udgets et een ugust , and Octo er , , hich included oth et and dry seasons. For the month study period, average surface ater pumped into the system as cm eek the average surface outflo as cm eek . uring this period, average precipitation inflo as . cm eek , hile the average evapotranspiration rate as . cm eek . he average ater level at the outflo asin decreased gradually throughout the dry season from Novem er , to ay , , then rapidly spiked . m during the eek of une , hen the et season egan. he system also received an additional pulse of cm during Hurricane Irma on Septem er , . revious studies have found that the etland system acted as a net sink of nutrients, as as intended y its original design. Our storm ater pulsing study during Hurricane Irma sho ed that after an initial inflo flush due primarily to rainfall, total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentrations ere higher at the outflo than at the inflo for several days efore returning to normal conditions. Similarly, the mass of nutrients leaving the system as and higher for N and , respectively, than the mass entering the system during this day period during and follo ing the hurricane. he design of the inflo ith pumps rather than natural ditch overflo also meant that the rainfall dominated inflo as much less than it ould have een during such a dramatic hydrologic pulse. e also found that the dissolved o ygen in these etlands, hich as normally hypo ic elo mg L , riefly increased for days to mg L efore returning to the typically lo o ygen conditions. Samples taken at the inflo and outflo of the system for several other storm events throughout the et season ere also analy ed for their effects on ater uality.
BIO: aylor Nes it is a second year graduate student in the asters of Environmental Science program at Florida Gulf Coast University. She orks as a Graduate esearch ssistant at the Everglades etland esearch ark in Naples, Florida. ost of her research is focused on the ecosystem functioning of created storm ater treatment etlands at Freedom ark.
Contact Information: aylor Nes it, Everglades etland esearch ark, Bayshore rive, Naples, FL,
119 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
RSIST T SALT AT R I TRUSIO ALT RS COS ST CAR O C CLI I TI AL FR S AT R ARS S CO ARISO OF R SULTS FRO A I ULATIO S I IR I IA A SOUT CAROLI A , o e Ho te n , on oon ee , irginia Common ealth University, ichmond, , US Current address: Florida International University, iami, FL US
Salt ater intrusion, hich is driven y a variety of mechanisms including sea level rise, changes in precipitation, and anthropogenic hydrological modifications, can cause salini ation of tidal fresh ater etlands. his salini ation alters one of the defining properties of tidal fresh ater etlands, namely their lo salinity, and leads to changes in the soil physicochemical environment, micro ial communities, and plant processes. Collectively, these changes to the ecosystem may cause alterations to important ecosystem services including primary production and car on se uestration.
e have conducted long term multi year n tu salinity manipulation e periments in tidal fresh ater marshes in irginia and South Carolina. hese sites have similar ackground salinity levels, typically . , ut differ in their soil characteristics, hydrology, and plant communities. t each site, additions of rackish ater to the surface of the marsh have increased pore ater salinities from fresh ater to oligohaline levels. e have made a suite of measurements at each site, including pore ater chemistry, marsh atmosphere flu es of CO and CH , and soil CO and CH production potentials. uring the first year of manipulation at the irginia site, e found that salt ater intrusion decreased gross primary production and ecosystem respiration y ithin . – . months of eginning the e periment. In contrast, at the South Carolina site there as only a transient decrease in CH emissions and no change in CO flu es et een the marsh and atmosphere during the entire first gro ing season of manipulation. uring the second and third years of manipulation, oth sites e hi ited sustained and su stantial reductions in rates of gross primary production, respiratory CO emissions, and CH flu es to the atmosphere. espite the et een site consistency in ho these CO and CH e changes respond to salt ater intrusion, there as su stantial interannual and site to site varia ility in ho net ecosystem production a pro y for the rate of ecosystem car on storage responded to salt ater intrusion. Sometimes, salt ater intrusion did not affect rates of net ecosystem production ut other times net ecosystem production as reduced y due to salini ation.
lthough each of our n tu e periments has lasted for multiple years, the responses e have captured still represent the initial distur ance stages of salini ation. It remains to e seen ho these ecosystems ill respond over even longer time scales as salt tolerant plants move into today’s tidal freshwater wetlands and microbial communities shift in response to salini ation. Because car on accumulation is a key contri utor to soil accretion in tidal fresh ater etlands, these salini ation driven alterations to the etland car on cycle have implications for future etland sustaina ility in the face of rising sea levels and increasing salinity at the head of estuaries.
BIO: r. Neu auer is an associate professor in the epartment of Biology at irginia Common ealth University. His research focuses on etland iogeochemistry and micro ial ecology, ith an emphasis on ecosystem responses to environmental change. He has e tensive e perience in tidal fresh ater marshes, having orked in these fascinating ecosystems for years.
Contact Information: Scott C. Neu auer, epartment of Biology, irginia Common ealth University, ichmond, , US
120 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
R STORATIO OF IO OC ICAL C ARACT RISTICS T ROU ACTI A A T OF T UTRI T RIC R LA S , ar oo , hae anna, and hr ta we o th lorida ater ana ement istrict est alm each
o r decades of elevated phosphor s loads to the historically oli otrophic ver lades ca sed a re ime shift from the rid e ad u a a en e rant and slo h landscape to lar e areal e panses of cattail ha do n en ers o accelerate the recovery of these impacted areas we cond cted a lar e scale n tu st dy comprised of fifteen ha plots to test o r ability to rehabilitate cattail areas by creatin an alternative s bmer ed a atic ve etation open re ime e hypothesi ed the open environment wo ld be more o y enated with hi her wildlife val e b t there was a concern that a lar e scale ve etation mana ement action wo ld e acerbate conditions in this already enriched landscape rin the first fo r years floc levels were si nificantly elevated in the created open vers s cattail dominated plots owever more recently years post creation floc concentrations have decreased in the western most plots while remained somewhat elevated in the eastern most plots here is also a dramatic increase in ash content from to in open compared to cattail plots indicative of hi her mineral enrichment precipitation in the western most plots here are several mechanisms that li ely e plain this differential response incl din location of the plots relative to a north so th airboat trail th s infl encin how s rface water flows from inflow c lverts affect landscape bio eochemistry the enerally reater flows from the western most inflow str ct re contrib tin to hi her mineral loads in the western plots and the s btly different hydroperiods and water depths istin hydroperiods and depths contrib ted to more rapid re rowth of emer ent plants s ch as cattail and more or anic conditions in the plots east of the north so th airboat trail n contrast the combination of hi her minerals and shallower depths shorter hydroperiods at the western sites s pported reater metabolism which in t rn res lts in reater calci m carbonate precipitation and potentially cappin of the le acy his st dy hi hli hts the importance of lin in chemistry hydrolo y and biolo y and nderstandin their feedbac s when desi nin restoration pro ects n addition the importance of e aminin lon term as well as short term responses when considerin whether an active mana ement treatment is s ccessf l and s stainable
r ewman is a enior cientist and ection eader of the arsh colo y esearch ro p with over years of e perience cond ctin research and restoration pro ects in the ver lades
ontact nformation e ewman ver lades ystems ssessment ection o th lorida ater ana ement istrict elvedere oad est alm each
121 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ICRO IAL CO OSITIO OF R LA S STOR AT R TR AT T AR AS IS LI TO SULFUR C CL , Bho a, u oto, e er, and K edd oil and ater ciences epartment niversity of lorida ainesville
he ver lades stormwater treatment area flow ways s were desi ned to remove n trients especially phosphor s from a ric lt ral r noff before it enters the ver lades rotected rea n the years since the constr ction of the s many st dies have foc sed on ways to optimi e the efficiency of this system owever little wor has foc sed on the microbial composition of the s and the role of microbes in n trient cyclin amplicon s rvey was sed to st dy the s lf r cycle in the e are able to detect enera of s lfate red cin bacteria ma e p to of total relatively ab ndance belon to families es lfarc laceae and es lfohalobiaceae es lfovibrionaceae es lfobacteraceae yntrophaceae and yntrophobacteraceae all belon to eltaproteobacteria es lfarc laceae and es lfococc s are the most ab ndant families made p abo t of all s lfate red cin bacteria lfate red cin bacteria are hi hly ab ndant in floc ras and pre lf r o idi in bacteria are most ab ndant in water and floc sample ma e p to of the relative ab ndance ammaproteobacteria is the most ab ndant class ma e p to of all s lf r o idi in and is ite diverse with enera with heotrichaceae and alothiobacillaceae are the most ab ndant families he second most ab ndant ro p is psilonproteobacteria and the third one is etaproteobacteria lfate red cin and lf r o idi in bacteria ma e p a s bstantial portion of the microbial comm nity in both and s s s ch these two ro ps may e ert control over phosphate availability in a atic systems and deserve in depth investi ation
ontact nformation rs anh yen niversity of lorida ainesville
122 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
UTRI T A S I T I UTS C A SOIL STRUCTUR A IO OC ISTR I FLOO LAI COS ST S A CROSS STU S T SIS , Hu , d hen , Ken Krau , ara an , an Kroe , ott n n , a e e e , Kr t n o , and han woo hn eolo ical rvey ydrolo ical colo ical nteractions ranch eston ir inia ational ar ervice la staff ri ona eolo ical rvey etland and atic esearch enter afayette o isiana rd e niversity est afayette ndiana eolo ical rvey aton o e o isiana atic nalysis and ons ltin orehead ity orth arolina eolo ical rvey ro ect aboratories ranch eston ir inia hamplain olle e aterb ry ermont eor e ason niversity airfa ir inia
e synthesi ed meas rements of inp ts and internal cyclin of sediment and n trients made across m ltiple st dies of floodplains in the eastern so theastern and so th central nited tates e specifically tested if floodplain inp ts of sediment and n trients and soil bio eochemical process rates differ amon landscape settin s and amon nat ral restored and created floodplains e also tested if inp ts chan e floodplain soil str ct re and n trient minerali ation rates
ates of sedimentation and associated partic late and inp ts varied amon physio raphic provinces with enerally increasin rates from hi her to lower radient landscapes from mo ntains to the sea oil and net minerali ation rates and t rnover rates also varied across landscape settin s trient minerali ation rates were e plained by a combination of material inp t rates and soil characteristics with n trient inp ts havin the most infl ence on soil and minerali ation and t rnover whereas soil characteristics were more important for t rnover nitrification and ammonification he n trient concentrations in deposited sediment and nderlyin soil widely diver ed at locations with little sedimentation and conver ed where there was reater sedimentation inally spatial covariation in or anic and mineral sedimentation amon meas rement locations identified avera e allochthono s and a tochthono s sedimentation rates of and m yr respectively n s mmary this m lti st dy synthesis of floodplain ecosystem ecolo y fo nd that reater inp ts of sediment and partic late and dissolved and associated with increasin hydrolo ic connectivity chan ed soil characteristics enhanced trappin and stim lated bio eochemical cyclin in floodplains
r re oe has been a esearch colo ist with the eolo ical rvey s ater ission rea in eston ir inia since where he leads the etland cosystem Ecology & Biogeochemistry Laboratory (WEEBL). Dr. Noe’s research centers on wetland ecosystem ecolo y foc sin on the interactive infl ences of eomorpholo y hydrolo y climate and biolo y on nitro en phosphor s and carbon bio eochemistry in fl vial ecosystems as well as plant comm nity ecolo y and restoration ecolo y
ontact nformation re oe eolo ical rvey ational enter eston ir inia
123 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
R I LU CAR O ILOT STU OF OR A IC CAR O A ITRO STORA I STUARI TI AL FLAT S I T OR A , Bon h Kwon, on n ee, Beo K , on eon Kh chool o Earth and En ironmental ciences & esearch nstit te o ceanogra hy eo l National ni ersity eo l e blic o orea
ecently orean go ernment has highlighted the al able role that coastal and marine ecosystems lay in se estering organic carbon and nitrogen. owe er the ariation in rates o carbon and nitrogen storage and the actors controlling storage ha e oorly nderstood in orean tidal lat. his st dy aimed to ) e al ate the carbon and nitrogen storage in worldwide sco e o coastal and marine ecosystems ) assess the carbon and nitrogen storage ca acity in the orean m d lat by analy ing organic matter b l density total nitrogen ( N) sediment organic carbon (SOC), and carbon stable isotopic ratio (δ ) in the sediment. ediments were cored rom ario s ty es o tidal lat s ch as anghwa Boryeong aemange m coast e m ri er Est ary and Na dong delta. es lts showed that re io s global st dies generally re orted that mangro es had the highest carbon and nitrogen storage ca acity ollowed by salt marshes and m d lats. n ield st dy o orea more egetated sediments in anghwa ha e higher and N densities ( . g ha and . g N ha ) while recent reclaimed sediments in aemange m ha e the lowest and N densities ( . g ha and . g N ha ). he and N stoc s tended to decrease rom the egetation m d lat to the bared m d lat in the order more egetated m d lat ewer egetated m d lat bared m d lat. arbon storage ca acity in m d lats generally showed smaller stoc s com ared with mangro es howe er it was also a al able sin or carbon storage beca se the amo nt was estimated a ro imately as . note res lts indicated that the area where lant detrit s was s lied as carbon and nitrogen so rce showed more and N stoc s com ared to dried area by reclamation. erall the m d lats layed an im ortant role as an organic carbon and nitrogen reser oir.
B r. Noh is a h.D st dent o eo l national ni ersity orea. is ma or is marine benthic ecology and he is a ro ect researcher or the irst BL E B N ro ect oc sing on organic carbon storage and se estration o costal area orea. e is also st dying m d lat restoration and coastal ecology and has artici ated in more than ro ects dedicated to reser ing and restoring m d lats.
ontact n ormation ong eong him BEN Lab. chool o Earth and En ironmental ciences & esearch nstit te o ceanogra hy eo l National ni ersity eo l e blic o orea
124 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
IO O A RO FOR ST IO ASS STI AT S CO U IT STRUCTUR A CLASSIFICATIO I T I RIA I R LTA chool o eosciences ni ersity o Edinb rgh nited ingdom
angro e orests are im ortant coastal ecosystems beca se they ro ide c lt ral ro isional and reg latory ser ices b t they are threatened by e loitation rbani ation and sea le el rise. Nigerian mangro es are hots ots o oil oll tion de elo ment de orestation and in asi e s ecies es ecially in the Niger Delta. ence mangro es in Nigeria sho ld be st died to nderstand the e ects o these land se changes on the biomass des ite research challenges.
assessed Niger Delta mangro e orests in terms o abo egro nd biomass comm nity str ct re and how ario s economic acti ities in these regions a ect them. lassi ication o my st dy region was also done to di erentiate mangro es rom the in asi e s ecies Ni a alm and the relationshi between biomass and radar bac scatter was established. s are lots in sites were sam led in states o the Niger Delta gro nd control oints were also collected across the Niger Delta or classi ication sing o tical and radar data rod cts rom L L and entinel.
nitial res lts show that a total o . ha o mangro e area was sam led with mean B o . . t ha− . n o erall acc racy o and a a coe icient o . was deri ed rom the classi ication o the st dy area sing ma im m li elihood method. owe er the commission o Ni a alm was abo t andcanbeim ro ed. he relationshi between radar bac scatter and lot estimates o B showed the highest s are al e o and al e . rom a combination o the entinel radar and L L data. he site with the highest biomass was o nd in the rotected site lots and the lowest was o nd on the site were rbani ation was acti ely ta ing lace. DB si e distrib tion and biomass contrib tion also ga e e idence to this also. he res lts show that the e ects o e loitation in the Niger Delta mangro e orests are nderestimated and nderre orted hence the need or an dated mangro e biomass monitoring the Niger Delta. new mangro e biomass ma is ossible in the Niger Delta based on these res lts which will be im ortant to sta eholders in lanning mangro e conser ation.
B h w eb a Nwobi is a yo ng scientist s eciali ing in mangro e carbon stoc ecosystem nction and restoration o mangro e orests in Nigeria.
ontact n ormation h w eb a Nwobi. ni ersity o Edinb rgh lobal hange esearch nstit te chool o eosciences oom rew B ilding ings B ilding Edinb rgh E nited ingdom
125 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
O UTRI TS I T RACT IT STR SS S SUC AS FLOO I A SALI IT TO AFF CT TLA LA T RO T A L AF TISSU STOIC IO TR Lo isiana tate ni ersity gric lt ral enter Baton o ge L
N trients o ten limit lant de elo ment and rod cti ity in l ence the o tcome o com etition among lant s ecies and in l ence herbi ore beha ior thro gh their e ects on lant tiss e chemistry. Li ewise stresses s ch as looding and salinity o ten limit lant rod cti ity and in l ence the o tcome o com etition among lant s ecies. he relationshi among lant growth n trients and a stress can be classi ied according to whether growth is dominated by the stress or by the n trient and whether the stress and the n trient act inde endently or interact. here are o r ossible o tcomes a the n trient and stress act inde endently with the stress dominating growth the n trient and stress act inde endently with the n trient dominating growth the n trient and the stress interact with the interaction dominated by the stress and d the n trient and the stress interact with the interaction dominated by the n trient. E eriments sing n trient a ailability looding stress or salinity stress and a wetland grass ( art na aten ( iton) hl.) or a wetland tree ( a od u d t hu (L.) ich.) indicated that a limiting n trient did not increase growth when the stress was high. his o tcome re lected the third ossible o tcome abo e n trients and stresses interacted with the interaction dominated by the stress. his o tcome also re lected rinci les o ecology and to icology increasing a ailability o a limiting n trient increases growth and e erything incl ding n trients is a to in the dose determines whether or not something is to ic. When lant growth is limited by stress the only res onses to n trients are no res onse or a to ic res onse which can a ear to be a ti ing oint i one is loo ing or a ti ing oint.
tress alone altered the N ratio o lea es. n aten the e ect o salinity stress on lea tiss e N was small eno gh that it co ld be acco nted or when inter reting N ratios. n d t hu howe er lea tiss e N ratio co ld not be sed to com are n trient a ailability among trees beca se looding ca sed a bigger di erence in N ratios than n trient a ailability. n d t hu g in irst year lea es was increased by looding stress and decreased by n trient a ailability res mably when roots were smaller and limited to the s r ace o ots. owe er g in second year lea es increased with n trient a ailability when n trient a ailability also increased root biomass and res mably allowed roots o e en drained treatments to enetrate dee er to red ced soil where methylation o g is more li ely. ch com le ity might com licate redicting landsca e hots ots o merc ry methylation.
B ndy Nyman is a ro essor o wetland wildli e with more than eer re iewed blications and years o e erience wor ing with wildli e managers and wetland restoration agencies.
ontact n ormation ohn ndrew Nyman chool o enewable Nat ral eso rces L Baton o ge L
126 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
A O R I OF LO AL A R IO AL S A L L RIS RO CTIO S A S A TR S o th lorida Water anagement District ( W D) West alm Beach L
nderstanding the im acts o t re sea le el rise on coastal wetlands and in rastr ct re is im ortant or lanning o restoration and resiliency e orts. While data rom tide ga ges and satellite altimetry ro ide al able in ormation on historical rates o sea le el rise recent wor clearly indicates that these rates are dynamic and li ely to change in the t re d e to a ariety o actors. o led with e ectations o an accelerated increase o global tem erat re s ggested by climate models a signi icant acceleration o global sea le el rise cannot be e cl ded rom consideration in the t re lanning o coastal in rastr ct re. t re sea le els in coastal regions will be rther modi ied by regional and local actors s ch as ertical land mo ement dynamic e ects o ocean circ lation and wind atterns and the changes in gra itational e ects o melting ice rom reenland and ntarctica. N mero s entities ha e attem ted to ro ect sea le els both globally and regionally. t re increase in mean sea le els along coastlines will also res lt in signi icant changes to the re ency and magnit de o sea le el e tremes. his resentation will ro ide an o er iew o n mero s global and regional sea le el rise ro ections modeling the magnit de and re ency o sea le el e tremes and the otential im lications o increasing sea le els on coastal ro ects located in both nat ral and b ilt en ironments.
B Dr. beyse era is the technical lead or climate change and sea le el rise at W D. e is a co a thor o three national re orts on global and regional sea le el ro ections and is a reci ient o the Norman edal rom the merican ociety o i il Engineers.
ontact n ormation ayantha beyse era o th lorida Water anagement District n l b oad West alm Beach L
127 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ARIATIO I CAR O STORA A UTRI TS I A RO ATS ACROSS U RTO RICO , odd row , , hae o , , ohn eeder , o e h oa , ohn Ko no , , a e our urean , , enn e era , , ar a anto , , and at ana Barreto , nstit te o Water and En ironment lorida nternational ni ersity iami L De artment o Biology lorida nternational ni ersity iami L De artment o Earth and En ironment lorida nternational ni ersity iami L De artment o En ironmental cience ni ersity o o th lorida t. etersb rg L ni ersity o erto ico io iedras erto ico E enter or atic hemistry and En ironment lorida nternational ni ersity iami L
angro e ecosystems lay a ital biogeochemical role at the continental – est arine bo ndary storing carbon and n trients and se estering contaminants. et the ability o mangro es to maintain ecosystem nctions is ncertain gi en accelerated sea le el rise and land se changes that alter rod cti ity and storage. dditionally we lac an nderstanding o how hydrogeomor hic conditions and hysiogra hic conte t in l ence biogeochemical cycling and carbon storage. cross the island o erto ico mangro e orests are o nd across a wide range o climate (moist tro ical to arid) and geomor hic (igneo s to sedimentary) settings. hese ariables in l ence orest rod cti ity amo nt o terrigeno s sediment in l and ore water salinity.
n we embar ed on a ilot ro ect to doc ment di erences and similarities in carbon storage and n trient acc m lation in three coastal locations in erto ico inones on the north coast obos Bay on the so theast coast and nta itahaya on the so thwest coast. wo cm dee cores were collected in each location. otal nitrogen ( N) hos hor s ( ) organic ( ) and inorganic carbon ( ) and ercent organic matter ( ) were determined down core at cm inter als in the to cm and cm therea ter. adiometric dating sing b isoto es is being cond cted to generate sediment acc m lation rates.
Estimates o ercent organic matter rom loss on ignition were m ch lower on a erage in the cores rom the north side o the island com ared to those o the so th side ( to s. to ). imilar trends were obser ed or and N. rends in were obser ed or all cores with increasing o er time rom to g g to more than g g at the s r ace. owe er the timing and abr tness o increases in ary by location and are li ely attrib table to m lti le henomena incl ding changes in stream agric lt ral intensity and climatic conditions that wo ld bring increasing amo nts o terrigeno s materials into the est arine en ironment. dditionally eriodic dist rbance rom h rricanes li ely lays a role in obser ed ariation down core. inally we com are o r initial res lts to those o the wider aribbean region incl ding so th lorida.
B Dr. g rca is a ostdoctoral associate with a degree in Earth ystems cience rom lorida nternational ni ersity. he has o er years o e erience in ecological research in the E erglades and the lorida eys.
ontact n ormation Danielle E. g rca nstit te o Water and En ironment lorida nternational ni ersity .W. th treet iami L
128 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
T ROOTS OF LU CAR O I A RO FOR STS T FF CT OF SICAL SOIL RO RTI S O STILT ROOT LO T I and ather ne o e o
h o hora t o a
129 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
I ACTS OF S I T R I O OS ORUS A ICS OF A R STOR RI ARIA TLA and an te n an
130 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
T O S OF SULFUR A AL SIS I TLA S STU I S A A LICATIO S TO RCUR IO OC ISTR , nne Bate , an he , nne ott , ar t , eor e en , Brett ou n and a d Kre enho t
Sulfur isotopes have been used to examine sources as well as redox cycling. For example, δ ction and methylmercury production in wetland soils. An approach using both δ S and δ
131 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
TRA SATI T FF CTS OF S A L L RIS I UR A S ST S TO T COASTAL COS ST I T RFAC , , ar ar , au u an , o a ard , , o e ar o n , dward h , a e a et her
he o e t e o th tud were to hara ter e e o o a re e ant t e o a twater e tra ta e onta nant that are nor a ound n ur an o and er ou ur a e and deter ne the a n tude o o at on that an e e e ted under hort ter nundat on u tren th eawater
132 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
USI T TO ASUR IOA AILA L TALS I A CO STRUCT TLA TR AT T S ST and nna Kno
We used DGT probes to measure a contamination gradient and bioavailable metal fractions in the A‐01 wetland
a u a ho roo
133 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
“ACCIDENTAL” URBAN WETLAND BI E C E ICAL R CE E IN UNE ECTED LACE , an B r , eter ro an 1 ace niversit ew or A Ari ona tate niversit Tempe A A it niversit of ew or ew or A
“Accidental” urban wetlands are environments formed not through deliberate restoration or management activit but as a result of land use and water infrastructure decisions b municipalities These wetlands are often formed in abandoned industrial residential or commercial areas that are low‐l ing in the landscape where overland flows from storms and municipal water use can accumulate and support wetland soils and plant communities Their positioning within the urban matri means that accidental wetlands have the potential to both receive and modif materials from surrounding urban areas Abandoned industrial sites have been estimated to occup 0 00 m in cities but the function and capacit of pollutant removal in unrestored urban wetlands has been little studied esearch we have conducted in both the northeastern ew erse eadowlands and the southwestern alt iver in hoeni Ari ona demonstrates that accidental wetlands tend to receive high volumes of nutrient‐enriched municipal storm and rainwater and demonstrate the capacit for high levels of nutrient removal
ittle is nown about how management and design intention or interventions influence most wetland functions as compared to no interventions or design cos stems such as created wetlands which are deliberatel constructed to support specific biogeochemical processes t picall include structural characteristics that mimic those of natural s stems where contaminant processing is high Design and management of vegetation communit soils and h drolog is meant to facilitate particular wetland functions e g nutrient removal microbial habitat We argue however that accidental wetlands ma in some cases provide a greater variet of functions than designed urban environments because the latter can be overdesigned for a limited set of specific functions Although their soils and h drolog differ greatl from native and constructed wetland s stems in the same region accidental urban wetlands studied in ew erse and Ari ona A appear to support redo conditions that facilitate high rates of microbial denitrification within a few decades following formation Accidental wetlands in demonstrated comparable or higher rates of denitrification than remnant wetlands surrounded b urban development or native wetland s stems and these rates often matched or e ceeded nitrate ‐ loading from stormwater and the atmosphere Denitrification rates in these wetlands were mediated b ‐ ‐ soil pore structure and water d namics and limited b availabilit n A percent removal of b accidental wetlands was generall high and matched or e ceeded removal in native or constructed wetlands in ‐ the same region The wetlands were often a net source of dissolved but on average removed 1– of entering the wetlands These high levels of function suggest that structural elements soil structure h droperiod mediating beneficial microbial processes in urban wetlands ma in some cases develop relativel uic l in the absence of design and management
Dr alta is an Assistant rofessor of nvironmental cience and a denitrification enthusiast he has spent the last 0 ears of her life mostl in waders e ploring and stud ing wetlands in the outheastern ortheastern and outhwestern he is currentl involved in pro ects e amining urban wetlands in ew or it
ontact nformation onica alta Department of nvironmental tudies and cience 1 ar ow m 1D ew or A 11
134 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
LAR E ET ANE E I I N R A A N L D LAIN TREE , a d Ba t en , dward Horn roo , e nr h ra t , n ent au ancaster nvironment entre ancaster niversit ancaster e artment of hematic tudies nvironmental hange in ing niversit in ing weden e artment of arth nvironmental and eogra hic ciences he niversit of ritish olumbia ritish olumbia anada chool of nvironment arth and cos stems he en niversit ilton e nes
etlands release methane a owerful greenhouse gas to the atmos here via three main athwa s diffusion bubbling and lant mediated trans ort owever there is growing evidence that emissions ma also occur via stem and leaf surfaces of wetland trees ur earlier wor in tem erate tro ical and boreal forested wetlands revealed that trees emit ≤90% of CH in forested wetlands hese findings together with man other recent studies have highlighted the gross underestimation of emissions from wetlands b e cluding measurements from trees
ere we resent our recent stem emission measurements from over trees across locations in the central ra ilian Ama on basin e found tree stems to emit – mg m− h− which are about times larger than emissions re orted for tem erate wet forests and tro ical eatswam forests ma ing them the largest non ebullitive wetland flu es recorded tem emissions e ceeded emissions from leaf soil a uatic and macro h te surfaces ess than of wood cores e tracted from tree stems at and cm above the soil or water surface dis la ed ca acit for roduction which is indicative that the emissions measured at the stem surfaces are rinci all of soil microbial origin he values of stem emissions ranged from to 59.1‰, averaging 66.2 ± 6.4‰, these values are typical for wetland soil CH
sing measured flu es and their corres onding surface area we estimated the contribution of each trans ort athwa to total ecos stem flu missions from tree leaves and stems collectivel were the dominant source of evasion from Ama on flood lain soil onservative scaling the stem and leave emission data to the entire Ama on lowland basin ields an annual source strength of u to g r for tree mediated emissions ur findings from the Ama on basin highlight that tree mediated emissions re resent a si eable source of to the regional budget and illustrates the im ortance of considering tree mediated emissions in large scale assessments and rocess based wetland models
r angala is a esearch fellow and lecturer at ancaster niversit with research interests in lant soil interactions and greenhouse gas e changes from carbon dense forests ornean eatswam forests and ra ilian Ama on feature heavil in her wor and in these ecos stems she has been stud ing the role of trees in trans orting methane to the atmos here
ontact nformation ancaster nvironment entre ancaster niversit ailrigg ancaster A
135 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
A E WE REAC ED A NEW N R AL NUTRIENT C CLIN AND BL D NA IC IN T E INDIAN RI ER LA N , dward h , ar aret a and atr n ett
P) as the driver of blooms in coastal systems. We investigated potential ‘bottom up’ factors— — up to a “brown tide” event in 2015
Together, these internal nutrient cycling processes may help lead to a ‘new’ ecosystem state favoring widespre
136 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
NUTRIENT D NA IC AND T EIR INTERACTI N WIT T LAN T N R WT IN T E A UATIC AREA C A TAL WETLAND IN LIA E DELTA C INA , , dward aw and uan e , 1 ey aboratory of oastal Wetland iogeosciences, hina eological urvey, 2 0 1 ingdao, hina 2 aboratory for arine eology, ational ceanography aboratory, 2 0 1 ingdao, hina epartment of nvironmental ciences, chool of the oast and nvironment, ouisiana tate niversity, aton ouge, ,
luvial inputs of nutrients and efficient nutrient recycling mechanisms ma e estuarine and coastal waters of wetlands highly productive. or the same reasons, they are susceptible to eutrophication problems. n hina, eutrophication problems along coastal wetlands are becoming serious because of discharges of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater and runoff of agricultural fertili er. ddressing these problems re uires an informed assessment of the factors that controlling wetland algal production. ur study aims at determining whether nutrients were limiting to phytoplan ton growth, their interactions, the possible factors controlling phytoplan ton biomass, and the effect of nutrient variations on the trophic status in the a uatic areas of coastal wetland in iaohe elta, hina. ased on an investigation during the autumn of 201 , we found no evidence of nutrient limitation for phytoplan ton growth in our study. mmonium concentrations were high enough to suppress nitrate upta e, and therefore ammonium was the principal source of nitrogen for phytoplan ton in the surface waters. itrate and silicate followed a conservative mi ing pattern versus salinity. The ma or factors limiting phytoplan ton growth in this study were light availability and low temperature. The degree of light limitation was most e treme in the iaohe iver mouth but wea er in offshore areas. This fact, combined with nutrient over enrichment stress, has caused serious eutrophication problems and fre uent occurrences of dinoflagellate blooms in the a uatic area of coastal wetlands of iaohe elta.
r. Pei is an associate research scientist from the ey aboratory of oastal Wetlands, hina eological urvey, with e tensive interests in biogeochemistry, nutrient pollution and eutrophication problems of coastal wetlands. e is awarded the istinguished oung cientists Training Program in inistry of and and esources and has led 5 pro ects.
ontact nformation haofeng Pei, ey aboratory of oastal Wetlands, hina eological urvey, o. 2, u hou oad, ingdao, hina, Post code 2 0 1
137 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
W D WE ANA E ICR BI E T R TE URBAN WETLAND UNCTI N , e na B ed oe , and an Bean 1 ast arolina niversity, reenville, , 2 niversity of lorida, ainesville, ,
utrient runoff from urban development has led to elevated contaminant inputs into a uatic ecosystems. To mitigate nutrient runoff, best management practices, such as stormwater wetlands are incorporated into urban landscapes to enhance flood control and improve water uality. owever, increased environmental stressors, such as drought and salinity can affect microbial communities, thus threatening wetland nitrogen removal functions. n most engineered and restored ecosystems, the contribution of microbial communities is often ignored even those these organisms determine the types and rates of ecosystem functions. To e amine how environmental features of urban wetlands influence microbial community structure and function, we ran potential denitrification assays acetylene bloc method) to uantify nitrogen removal rates and characteri ed bacterial community composition amplicon se uencing method) along riparian areas of an urbani ed stream and constructed stormwater wetland. istinct bacterial communities were associated with the highest sediment denitrification rates in shady, vegetated, and wetter areas, compared to denitrification rates in unvegetated wetland sediment and base and stormflow water samples. To uantify the impacts of environmental stressors on nitrogen removal potential, we ran a laboratory based manipulation of moisture and salinity on constructed stormwater wetland sediments. esults revealed that salinity significantly reduced denitrification rates under the most saturated moisture conditions. ifferences in potential denitrification rates are due in part to changes in bacterial community responses to environmental stressors such as moisture and salinity manipulation and organic carbon inputs. To promote the design and management of resilient constructed stormwater wetlands, we need to now how environmental change interacts with the built environment if we are to support urban wetland functions.
r. Peralta is an ssistant Professor of icrobial cology. er research e amines how human changes to the landscape impacts microbial community structure and ecosystem functions. ecent pro ects leverage social ecological technological approaches for targeting restoration of microbial functions in managed ecosystems.
ontact nformation riane . Peralta, epartment of iology, ast arolina niversity, 01 owell cience omple , ail top 551, reenville, , 2 5
138 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
REBUILDIN I I I I RI ER DELTA ERATIN A EDI ENT DI ER I N T BALANCE EC TE AND CIAL NEED , e a e , a e owan r , u ra o u t , e Ko er , h r e a a , e or uoda e , ar e an on r , ohn an , o ert w e , enne e er , ohn h te , and a e n 1 nvironmental efense und, Washington , 2 ouisiana tate niversity, aton ouge, , ouisiana niversities arine onsortium, hauvin, , niversity of ew rleans, ew rleans, , 5 icholls tate niversity, Thibodau , , niversity of ouisiana at afayette, afayette,
Louisiana’s coastal future relies on reconnecting the Mississippi River to the delta and allowing the water, sediment and nutrients from the river to nourish and sustain e isting marshes and rebuild lost wetlands. Through a series of gates, a restoration infrastructure pro ect called a sediment diversion can allow discharge of up to 5,000 cfs from the river to the ad acent marshes at various times and flows. The very nature of the si e of the flow, similar at times to the average flow of the issouri iver, can fundamentally alter the ecological and social landscape. The inherent fle ibility of the structure and its operations re uire a dynamic balancing of multiple ob ectives and constraints of the ecosystem and the communities that rely on those resources.
To access these interconnected relationships, we formed an interdisciplinary wor ing group of e perts to e plore, discuss, debate and document the state of the nowledge, data gaps, trigger points, monitoring and operational strategies. ver an eight month period, the wor ing group, along with 2 other invited guest e perts, evaluated how the operation of a sediment diversion could affect every ma or aspect of the coast. This was accomplished by ma imi ing operations for each single ob ective, void of other constraints, and then evaluating the commonalities and dissimilarities in each strategy.
or instance, biogeochemistry plays an important role in the health of coastal wetlands, including nutrient loading, sulfates and sulfides, soil conditions, to ins and carbon. The wor ing group evaluated uestions such as “how could operations maximize denitrification?” to develop operation strategies, including flow capacities, length of operations and seasonality. The wor ing group also evaluated ey thresholds that could lead to induced harm and monitoring needs to adaptively manage the diversion. This activity was repeated for each ey aspect of the landscape, including river and basin hydrodynamics, geomorphology and sediments, water uality, wetland health, fish and wildlife species, and communities and socio economics. The wor ing group also evaluated governance and sta eholder issues.
The recently published results included a set of recommendations for operational strategies, both initially and over long term operation of the diversion. The wor ing group is currently testing the recommendations through hydrodynamic, morphology and vegetation models to determine how the e pert predictions of outcomes compare to the predictions of , process based models. This presentation will summari e the interdisciplinary approach to an environmentally and socially comple problem, overview the recommendations of the wor ing group and provide some preliminary modeling results from the on going effort.
atalie is the irector of cience Policy at . Previously, she served as the technical and outreach lead for the 2012 oastal aster Plan. he has a . . in Wildlife and isheries, a . . in ceanography and oastal ciences and is a Ph candidate in arine stuarine nvironmental cience.
ontact nformation atalie Peyronnin, nvironmental efense und, 1 5 onnecticut venue, uite 00, Washington, , 2000
139 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
REE ALUATIN T E C N E UENCE LAND U E ACCELERATED DI LUTI N E L IC ATE DE ITI N IN U IC LA E , odd orne , , e Harr , n e ue K Bo hna hitne La orator for Marine iosciences, niversit of lorida, t ugustine, L, etland iogeochemistr La orator , oil and ater ciences epartment, niversit of lorida, ainesville, L, oil Mineralog La orator , oil and ater ciences epartment, niversit of lorida, ainesville, L, ater Resources epartment, nvironmental onsulting and echnolog , nc , ainesville, L,
ince the esta lishment of the lean ater ct, managers have sought to reduce pollutant loads to impaired la es to reach total maximum dail loads owever, non point source pollution continues to challenge pollutant management ne potential source of pollution is erosion and sediment transport from ur an areas with large amounts of concentrated runoff hile erosion and sediment transport is not t picall a ma or pollutant for nutrients, Florida’s geology indicates a closer look. The U.S. Geological urve suggests that geological units with nota le amounts of phosphate can e found at or near land surface across of lorida his estimate does not ta e into account further exposure erosion, channelization, and earth moving activities herefore, erosion and sediment transport in this geologic setting ma e a significant source of phosphorus loading to drainage la es urthermore, changes in the intensit of storm events are li el to further exacer ate this issue n this stud , we examined the factors that dictate geologic phosphate dissolution in eutrophic humic la es
eologic phosphate is often considered sta le and relativel innocuous despite high total phosphorus concentrations owever, in humic drainage la es, iogeochemical conditions ma create an environment conducive to accelerated geologic phosphate dissolution, there increasing concentrations of iologicall availa le phosphorus ur findings from dissolution experiments in several humic la es underlain the phosphate rich awthorn roup help to understand whether erosion and sediment transport of geologic phosphorus is meaningful to phosphorus loads in such la es hese findings ma indicate a new approach to phosphorus management, load estimates, and prioritization for humic drainage la es found in this geologic setting urthermore, we suggest ris assessment techni ues for certain land uses and associated activities to prevent new geologic phosphate exposure and transport in vulnera le watersheds
ara helps is a research fellow in the oil and ater ciences epartment etland iogeochemistr La at the hitne La orator for Marine iosciences he has over ears of experience in environmental consulting er research focuses on land use impacts on soil weathering processes, a uatic iogeochemistr , and water ualit
ontact nformation ara helps, oil and ater ciences epartment, Mc art all , ainesville, L,
140 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
N EL INTERACTI N A A ECT RAN E E AN I N I EA UN ULATE BR W IN RE TRAININ AN R E AD ANCE N T E UT TE A C A T , e andro erro a o , a e er Uni ersity of Te as io Grande alley, ro ns ille, T , US S ithsonian n iron ental esearch enter, dge ater, , US
s glo al te peratures continue to increase, arious tropical and su tropical species are predicted to e pand their range. ne ell kno case in ol es the angro es o e ent pole ard, replacing salt arsh ecosyste s. angro es are i portant for coastal syste s ecause they pro ide ha itat for any organis s, itigate erosion, and se uester car on and nutrients. s the angro es in ade salt arsh syste s, shifts in the o erall ecosyste structure and function occur and no el iotic interactions are o ser ed.
long the Gulf of e ico, at the southern tip of Te as, recent o ser ations ha e sho n that e panding lack angro e enn a er nan stands are eing ro sed intensi ely on y in asi e nilgai antelope Bo e a hu tra o a e u and less fre uently y nati e hite tail deer do o eu r n anu . The antelope ere introduce to the south Texas region via the King Ranch in the 1930’s and have since significantly increased in population and distri ution. Generally thought to e gra ers, B tra o a e u ha e een recurrently recorded on ca era ro sing on er nan . reli inary car on and nitrogen sta le isotope analysis suggest that B tra o a e u prefer angro es and other oody species o er the a undant, higher protein content grasses. This interaction has not een docu ented and appears to arkedly alter angro e plant architecture, eta olis and reproducti e output.
n order to assess the effects of hea y ro sing y B tra o a e u , selected structural and functional characteristics of er nan ere co pared et een ro sed and non ro sed trees. s e pected, ro sed trees ha e a s aller canopy and reduced eaf rea nde , ut also e hi it a change in resource allocation and ha e lo er resorption ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus. ro sed trees tend to ha e lea es ith higher content aking the a higher uality forage, and perhaps pro oting recurrent ro sing on affected trees. eaf chlorophyll content in ro sed trees as lo er, possi ly pointing at ore stressed or less healthy plants. ro sing negati ely affected the a ount of inflorescences and produced s aller propagules. erte rate her i ory on er nan in south Te as is considered a no el interaction, and ay ell constitute a negati e feed ack to the range e pansion of this estuarine foundation species.
Tianna ic uet is a graduate student at the Uni ersity of Te as io Grande alley, pursuing her S in iology. er current research focuses on plant ani al interactions ithin coastal etlands. She also has a S in iology fro le eland State Uni ersity here she focused on iodi ersity sur eys ithin forests and etlands.
ontact nfor ation Tianna ic uet, Uni ersity of Te as io Grande alley, ne est Uni ersity l d, ro ns ille, T US
141 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ICR BIAL EN E ACTI IT IN A T R WATER TREAT ENT AREA IN RE N E T IN L W L W C NDITI N outh lorida ater anage ent istrict est al each
The verglades tor ater Treat ent reas T s have een constructed to reduce phosphorus fro the ater colu n as a a or co ponent of the verglades Restoration efforts The T s are re uired to produce ultra lo concentrations at the outflo s to protect the receiving ater odies s part of a large scale scientific research to understand the internal processes ithin the T that produce these desired outflo concentrations the role of the icro ial co unities in nutrient cycling ithin the T is eing exa ined ince in the outflo ater in ell perfor ing T s are pri arily in particulate and dissolved organic for s nutrient cycling y the icro ial co unity provides critical path ays to rea do n of these for s of The level of en y e activity is often used as an indicator of nutrient li itation of the syste or to evaluate shifts in the nutrient li itation i e fro li ited to nitrogen li ited The agnitude and distri ution of en y es associated ith the release of and and the rea do n of car on co pounds ay differ along the nutrient gradient and in response to flo conditions
urrently there is li ited data availa le regarding the influence of flo s on the rates of exoen y e activity in the T s and the agnitude of icro ial influence on cycling in the T s This presentation is focused on en y e activity easure ents in T lo ay 3 a 3 acre fresh ater etland located in southern lorida that is do inated y su erged a uatic vegetation and has een operational since 1999 The en y e activity easure ents in the surface ater and periphyton co unities as the flo ay is su ected to varia le flo conditions is discussed The en y es assayed are those associated ith ac uisition al aline phosphatase phosphodiesterase car on ac uisition glucosidase and ac uisition en y e leucine a inopeptidase a pling as conducted prior to and during the flo events and during stagnant conditions
or periphyton higher activity as o served during stagnant conditions than under flo conditions for all the en y es onversely there as greater en y e activity easured in the surface ater during flo conditions n the periphyton, the activity of phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, and Β glucosidase increased along the nutrient gradient fro inflo to outflo hile the activity of leucine a inopeptidase as co para le a ong all locations o consistent gradient in en y e activities as o served in the surface ater or oth the surface ater and periphyton en y atic activity as lo est in the u er co pared to the pring and all sa pling events
Kathleen ietro is a senior environ ental scientist ith over 30 years of experience or ing ith southern lorida fresh ater etlands er expertise is in evaluating the nutrient re oval perfor ance of the verglades tor ater Treat ent reas and her current research is focused on the influence of the icro ial co unities ithin the etlands
ontact nfor ation Kathleen ietro outh lorida ater anage ent istrict 3301 un lu Road est al each 33 0
142 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
LANT EDIATED ET ANE AND CAN E C AN E IN A B REAL U LAND RE T , , uho a to , Hannu r t e , a Ha ara nen , , a Ha een , , u He non a o , , Kater na a ha o a , e to a , nu na ut nen , , ar ann and nna anta aht , 1 ational nstitute for ntegrated t ospheric and arth yste cience Research R niversity of elsin i inland epart ent of gricultural ciences oil and nviron ental ciences niversity of elsin i inland 3 yyti l forestry field station niversity of elsin i inland atural Resources nstitute inland elsin i inland epart ent of orest cience niversity of elsin i inland innish eteorological nstitute elsin i inland lo al hange Research nstitute rno ech Repu lic epart ent of ood and nviron ental cience niversity of elsin i inland
orest soils are generally considered as a sin of at ospheric ethane hile trees and vegetation are not accounted in the alance of forests Recent studies sho that trees ay oth e it and consu e fro the ste and fro the canopy and y doing so significantly influence the alance of forest ecosyste s ur ai is to partition fluxes in oreal forests to different co ponents forest floor ground vegetation and trees and to evaluate the role of trees in the alance of oreal forests
e have easured fluxes at forest floor tree ste and tree canopy levels y enclosure ethods during 01 01 in a oreal forest at yyti l southern inland R station e have also easured fluxes a ove the forest canopy using flux gradient and eddy covariance ethods conducted la oratory experi ents to partition fluxes et een elo and a oveground parts of forest vegetation and studied the capacity of tree ste s to transport in controlled la oratory conditions dditionally e have assessed the role of ethane oxidi ing and ethane producing icro es in different co ponents of the forest o ining these easure ents allo us to evaluate the roles of soil and trees as sources and sin s of in the forest and assess the contri ution of trees to the alance of oreal forests
e found that trees e it fro their ste and fro the canopy Tree ste e issions have strong seasonality and the fluxes differ ar edly et een tree species and et een gro ing ha itats The leaf level canopy exchange involves oth e ission and consu ption processes hile the drivers of the exchange are still poorly understood ased on our ulti year easure ents it is clear that oreal trees are a significant source of and e propose that trees should e accounted hen assessing the udgets of forests e also recogni e that our understanding of the exchange processes is still inco plete and to solve that e need ore process studies co ined ith state of the art field easure ents
ssociate rofessor ari ihlatie is a group leader and a of soil research at R R ecosyste stations in inland he is an expert in plant soil interactions and ethane and nitrous oxide exchange processes in forest ecosyste s he as recently a arded a prestigious uropean Research ouncil R starting grant
ontact nfor ation ari ihlatie epart ent of gricultural ciences ivision of oil and nviron ental ciences ato artanon aari 9 0001 niversity of elsin i inland
143 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
LECULAR AND AT IC LE EL A R AC E T C ARACTERI E DI L ED R ANIC ATTER IN I T R ERCUR BI A AILABILIT IN T E L RIDA E ER LADE , ara Bre t e er , atthew one , o e h an , a re , a d Kra enho t 1 eological urvey oulder niversity of olorado oulder oulder 3 eological urvey Reston eological urvey iddleton
issolved organic atter in the lorida verglades controls a nu er of environ ental processes i portant for ecosyste function including light a sorption ineral dissolution and precipitation and the transport and reactivity of etals ercury g speciation and ioavaila ility in the lorida verglades in particular are inti ately lin ed to sulfur cycling and interactions ith nder sulfate reducing conditions hich develop in response to agricultural sulfate inputs to verglades etlands sulfide reacts ith to for highly reduced sulfur species i e thiols in the these highly reduced sulfur groups strongly co plex divalent ercury and increase the ioavaila ility of ercury in the for of nanocolloidal ercuric sulfide Recent advance ents in the understanding of che istry on ercury cycling in the verglades has relied on the application of ne tools that provide ato ic and olecular level infor ation
This presentation ill highlight the application of e erging tools in the characteri ation of including 1 ato ic level characteri ation of organic sulfur y ray a sorption spectroscopy and sta le isotope easure ents and olecular level characteri ation of y ultrahigh resolution ass spectro etry The a ove entioned approaches ere used to characteri e isolated fro surface and pore aters at a variety of locations in the lorida verglades over several field ca paigns fro 01 01 ray a sorption spectroscopy hich uantifies the relative a undance of different organic sulfur functionalities as used to de onstrate a spatial dependence in sulfur content and speciation in verglades etlands that results fro sulfuri ation of in sulfidic sedi ent pore aters ltrahigh resolution ass spectro etry hich uantifies olecular signatures of uni ue containing olecules provided evidence that enriched in reduced sulfur in sedi ent pore aters exchanges ith in overlying surface aters The sta ility of reduced sulfur in verglades to oxidation as elucidated using oth ray a sorption spectroscopy and ultrahigh resolution ass spectro etry on i field sa ples collected fro surface aters exposed to natural oxidation and ii la oratory sa ples su ect to controlled light and dar oxidation astly e present results on the use of sta le sulfur isotopes to differentiate et een different sources of sulfur in verglades e g sulfate fro at ospheric sources versus agricultural inputs nfor ation gained here on sulfur che istry provides a fra e or to evaluate sulfur dyna ics in response to te poral fluctuations in sulfate loading and uild on previous or s that define the factors influencing ercury ethylation in the verglades ecosyste
r oulin is a che ist at the eological urvey in oulder olorado is research focuses on understanding ho the che ical nature of dissolved organic atter influences the environ ental cycling of a or ele ents e g car on sulfur and trace etal conta inants e g ercury
ontact nfor ation rett oulin ydro cological nteractions ranch eological urvey 3 1 arine t T 1 oulder 0303
144 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
C ALLEN E C NNECTI IT WIT IN URBAN LAND CA E E A LE R T E BALTI RE EC TE TUD , a o , r nn h ond , u a Kau ha , and eter ro an , 1 oil and ater ciences epart ent niversity of lorida ainesville ary nstitute of cosyste tudies ill roo 3 ater tudies entre chool of he istry onash niversity layton ictoria epart ent of eology arth yste cience nterdisciplinary enter niversity of aryland ollege ar ity niversity of e or dvanced cience Research enter at the raduate enter and roo lyn ollege epart ent of arth and nviron ental ciences e or
onnectivity of ur an ater odies has een su stantially changed due to hydrological physicoche ical and iological alterations throughout upland riparian and a uatic environ ents or exa ple drainage net or s of i pervious surface areas often use stor drains to allo runoff to ypass infiltration or riparian ones causing flashier hydrographs and increases in conta inant loading n addition to direct effects on ater odies ur ani ation can also alter reciprocal connections fro a uatic to terrestrial environ ents or exa ple direct connections et een aste ater and ur an ater odies causes increased phar aceutical loading in ur an strea s hile phar aceuticals have yriad direct effects on ecosyste structure and function ithin strea ecosyste s they also i pact the e ergence of a uatic acroinverte rates reducing the connection et een a uatic and terrestrial ecosyste s n addition various strategies for reha ilitating ur an ecosyste functioning e g retention ponds floodplain restorations are often ai ed at enhancing connectivity either explicitly or i plicitly sing results fro the alti ore cosyste tudy and other or focused on co on ur an conta inants e ill su ari e the i pacts of connectivity i pair ents in ur an a uatic ecosyste s n particular e ill focus on ho nu erous pro le s associated ith ur ani ation are driven pri arily y altered connectivity and ho these pro le s ay e addressed y directly i proving connectivity issues across the ur an landscape
r Reisinger is an assistant professor of ur an soil and ater uality focusing on nutrient and energy dyna ics of ur an ecosyste s e recently oved to lorida ut previous or has focused on ur an strea restorations in alti ore as ell as nutrient cycling in large rivers throughout the
ontact nfor ation lexander Reisinger oil and ater ciences epart ent niversity of lorida 1 1 c arty all ainesville 3 11
145 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
EC L ICAL C N E UENCE IN A I E LANT ECIE INTR DUCTI N T LCANIC LA E IN CENTRAL A ERICA AN E A LE LA E ATITLAN UATE ALA Eliška Rejmánková , en e n der , te han e a t e 1 niversity of alifornia avis rsuline ollege leveland
ifferent functional groups of acrophytes vary in their i pact on a uatic ecosyste structure and processes Replace ent of one functional group y another often resulting fro an introduction of an invasive species can have serious and often irreversi le conse uences
e ill docu ent and explain physico che ical and eta olic changes in littoral ones of a e titl n uate ala follo ing invasion y floating leaved and su ersed acrophytes hhorn a ra e and H dr a ert ata and the replace ent of native e ergent species hoeno e tu a orn u e utili ed o servational data fro efore and after invasion of H dr a plant io ass and ater characteristics data sa pled along transects through littoral ones and gas e ission easure ents in controlled esocos s and in the la e
While the three species don’t differ significantly in their standing crop biomass, there is a major difference in the depth distri ution of H dr a and hoeno e tu ith H dr a having axi u io ass in ater depths of hile hoeno e tu reaches axi u io ass in aters 0 deep The t o invaders have higher turnover rates than hoeno e tu ignificant differences in nutrient co position of the three species ith hhorn a and H dr a containing less car on and thus exhi iting lo er and ratios than hoeno e tu lead to their faster deco position rates and potential shift in nutrient cycling ithin the ecosyste
ater oxygen profiles differ a ong the three species hoeno e tu stands aintain a ell oxygenated ater colu n issolved oxygen ithin H dr a stands is supersaturated in the upper 100 c roughly coinciding ith the densest part of upper canopy decreases ith depth ut does not drop elo 0 issolved oxygen in hhorn a do inated areas is characteri ed y 0 0 saturation and it drops to a out 30 near the otto oth hoeno e tu and hhorn a patches exhi it co para le fluxes se uestering 30 and 300 g 1 1 h respectively during the day and e itting 0 and 00 g h respectively during the night ontrary to 1 these t o species H dr a is se uestering during the day 3 g h as ell as at night g h 1
ur description of changes to the littoral ecosyste in a e titl n is representative of other entral erican volcanic la es exposed to rapid eutrophication and spread of invasive species
r Re n ov is a professor of a uatic and etland ecology in the epart ent of nviron ental cience and olicy at avis ith research focus on structure and functions of etland ecosyste s in entral erica
ontact nfor ation Eliška Rejmán ov epart ent of nviron ental cience and olicy niversity of alifornia avis avis 9 1
146 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
C E ICAL C NTR L N CARB N E UE TRATI N AND LU AL N A B REAL T TR ICAL RADIENT i Ri a on , ana an , H an , Ho , Hod n , nton , B oo er , and hanton ke ni ersity Wetland tr , icholas chool of the En ironment, rham, , epartment of hemistry and iogeochemistry, lorida tate ni ersity, allahassee, , epartment of Earth, cean and tmospheric cience, lorida tate ni ersity, allahassee, ,
iogeochemical controls reg lating carbon storage and gas fl in peatlands are nderestimated compared to hydrologic and anaerobic reg lators o e amine the role of carbon ality in accretion in northern compared to tropical peatlands e completed field and lab st dies on bog peats collected in innesota, orth arolina, lorida and er to ans er three f ndamental estions is tropical peat more recalcitrant than northern peat does the addition of aromatic and phenolic compo nds increase to ards the tropics do differences in the chemical str ct re of organic matter e plain ariances in carbon storage and fl in tropical ers s northern peatlands r main hypothesi e is that high concentrations of phenolics and aromatic compo nds prod ced in shr b and tree plant comm nities in peatlands co pled ith the fire prod ction of biochar aromatics in peatlands may pro ide a d al biogeochemical latch mechanism controlling microbial decomposition of peat e en nder higher temperat res and seasonal dro ght y comparing the peat bog soil cores collected from the peat bogs, ocosins, E erglades and er palm s amps e find that the soils in the shr b dominant ocosin contain the highest phenolics, hich microbial st dies indicate ha e the strongest resistance to microbial decomposition and a distincti e dominant f ngal comm nity chemical comparison of plant dri en peat carbon ality along a north to so th latit dinal gradient indicates that tropical bog peatlands often ha e higher aromatic compo nds, and enhanced phenolics, especially after light fires, hich enhances storage and affect fl
rofessor rtis Richardson is a Wetland Ecologist and irector of the ke Wetland enter e has orked on biogeochemical cycles of , and in fresh ater etlands for more than years e has p blished more than peer re ie ed papers in top jo rnals, incl ding, cience and at re as ell as books on the E erglades and the ocosins
ontact nformation rtis Richardson, ke ni ersity Wetland enter, icholas chool of the En ironment, o , ke ni ersity, rham, ,
147 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
C AN E IN CARB N AND NITR EN IN A DRAINED UBTR ICAL WETLAND T E CA E T E E ER LADE A RICULTURAL AREA n e Ro i e , a ra arou , and te an er er E erglades Research and Ed cation enter, nstit te of ood and gric lt ral ciences, ni ersity of lorida, elle lade, , oil and Water ciences epartment, ni ersity of lorida, aines ille, ,
rainage of the E erglades gric lt ral rea E soils has res lted in soil s bsidence bsidence rates ha e been red ced compared to pre io sly reported rates ncreases in mineral content, recalcitrant carbon, and higher ater tables attrib ted to best management practices, are considered possible ca ses for this red ction he objecti es of this research are to determine ho soil lability and ater management affect s bsidence rates, and ho and pools and fl es ha e changed as a res lt of the s bsidence process o establish this, o idation rates effl of shallo and deep E soils e posed to fo r ater management treatments ere e al ated along ith meas rements of , , sol ble organic nitrogen , and dissol ed organic carbon performed on leachate dditionally, a fractionation proced re is being implemented to determine the si e of the labile and recalcitrant pools in these soils reliminary res lts indicate that soils e posed to days flooding – days draining cycles d ring the s mmer season ha e the highest effl rates mg of m h he in leachates is highest in flooded soils to mg compared to drained soils, hereas is highest in drained soils ith concentrations as high as mg imilarly, the and ha e higher concentrations in drained soils, in the case of , deep soils ha e higher concentrations mg compared to shallo soils mg rganic matter and the hot ater e tracted the most labile pool are higher in deep soils compared to shallo soils ll pools decrease at deeper increments in the soil profile he ratio in deep soils is higher compared to shallo soils reliminary res lts indicate that ater management is of great importance controlling and cycling in s bsiding histosols Res lts also sho that the distrib tion of soil pools aries ith depth in these soils, ho e er these differences in fractions do not ca se differences in o idation rates
ndres Rodrig e is a h candidate in the oil and Water ciences epartment at the ni ersity of lorida e has a c degree in en ironmental st dies from lorida nternational ni ersity and a c in iology from the ni ersidad acional de olombia
ontact nformation ndres Rodrig e ni ersity of lorida , oil and Water ciences epartment, c arty all , o , aines ille,
148 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
T E R LE C AN BACTERIA IN NUCLEATIN T E RECI ITATI N CALCIU CARB NATE IN T E E ER LADE ATERITE AND ARA NITE a Ro en
tone a h othr a o a tone a h othr
tone a h othr tone a h othr h othr
149 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
L BAL C NTR L CARB N T RA E IN AN R E IL n e Rovai , , o ert w e , dward a ta eda o a , a o u , ue uente ara , ar n anrow a o o , au o Horta , , o ona , e andra on e a , au o a o a ,
54% of the world’s carbonate settings occur in the neotropics,
150 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
LE N R LAND CA E BUD ET IN T E DEC ICAL DEL AND AR L U E ER LADE NATI NAL AR EN olin a n e , ue ew an , r ate Bo dt , udo a , eter e er , Barr H o en , ud Har e , r ne , hr ta we , a ho , hae anna , hr Han en , , red ar outh lorida ater anage ent istrict, est al each, , lorida nternational ni ersit , ia i, , ni ersit of alifornia at er ele , er ele , , 4 eological ur e , rlando, , 5 eological ur e , eston, ,
critical co ponent of future erglades restoration pro ects includes the restoration of sheetflow he eco p h sical odel , a landscape scale 5 field test, recentl de onstrated restored flows enhance sedi ent transport a e echanis to restore ridge and slough topograph , confir ing large scale odel predictions n addition, the , re ealed biological responses that feedbac on flow, not anticipated b odels n three flow e ents, floating periph ton was cleared fro sloughs e periencing high elocities 5 c s , an i portant echanis in which reduced egetati e resistance led to increased elocities with flow duration onger flow durations also corresponded with changes in floc source greater green algal deri ed and increased floc erodibilit e h pothesi e these biological responses to flow a be as or ore i portant than ph sical echanis s regulating sedi ents in sloughs and ridges e address this h pothesis b using an ecos ste ass balance odel to identif the pri ar echanis s controlling stoc s and flu es of sedi ent and hosphorus under high and low flows he odel originall de eloped for har lough, erglades ational ar , was calibrated for the stud area and si ulated for ultiple scenarios, under different co binations of biological and ph sical responses to flow co paring odel scenarios against obser ations, our preli inar findings indicate that incorporating ph sical and biologicall ediated flow effects enabled the odel to fit obser ed changes in water colu n and suspended sedi ents, sedi ent transport, and floc standing stoc s of howe er, additional flow ediated echanis s were re uired he ost surprising obser ation was that while floc olu e, ass and carbon decreased under high flow, floc increased b 4 % o er baseline low ediated echanis s re uired to fit these obser ations include increasing a uatic assi ilation rate b slough egetation li el dri en b increased bio ass total and adding sedi ent capture and release post flow in sub erged a uatic egetation hile reduced floc carbon and ass stoc s support the echanis of sedi ent redistribution in restoring ridge slough topograph , conco itant increases in floc stoc s, and organic atter ualit e g , as food for consu ers a i pact longer ter changes in pri ar and secondar production in sloughs, all of which a re uire se eral ore ears to full de elop a is, 4 ew an et al , lthough these changes were clearl e ident in areas recei ing high flows, challenges re ain in restoring large areas, as high flows and increased sedi ent obili ation were li ited in scope to 5 radius fro the control structure
eferences a is, , 4 hosphorus nputs and egetation ensiti it in the erglades, in a is, , gden, ds , erglades he cos ste and its estoration, t ucie ress, elra each, pp 5
ew an et al , ew an, , chuette, , race, , utche , , ontaine, , edd , , ietrucha, , actors nfluencing attail bundance in the orthern erglades, uatic otan , 5
r aunders is a ead cientist in the erglades ste s ssess ent section of the and currentl ser es as tea lead of the interagenc science tea for the eco p h sical odel, a field test e aluating sheetflow benefits in ater onser ation rea
ontact nfor ation olin aunders, erglades ste s ssess ent ection, outh lorida ater anage ent istrict, 4 el edere oad, est al each, , 4
151 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ET AN ENIC ARC AEA D INATE ATURE E E EARTW D ABITAT an e , on ea h , a n an , e a re er and i o e a iosciences i ision, a idge ational aborator , a idge, , epart ent of icrobiolog , ni ersit of ennessee, no ille, , ual ontribution
ethane is a potent and i pactful greenhouse gas which has accu ulated in the lower at osphere and accounts for % of radiati e forcing ecentl there ha e been widespread reports fro di erse forest t pes de onstrating that the direct e ission of ethane fro the trun s of li ing trees a be a significant source of terrestrial e issions ontrastingl , reports of ethanogens fro wood of o u u tree species were pro inent in the literature 4 ears ago, but ha e not been re isited with odern olecular icrobial ecolog approaches e e a ined the icrobial co unities associated with the heartwood and sapwood of astern ottonwood o u u de to de trees in ennessee using llu ina r gene a plicon approaches t sa pling trees often e itted fla able gasses, and anal sis results showed both en iron ents were pri aril co posed of icrobial ta a associated with anaerobic en iron ents or e a ple, ethanogens were pro inent % o erall in heartwood en iron ents, a ing up on a erage 4% relati e abundance, ersus % in sapwood en iron ents and pri aril classified as acetoclastic ethano a ter u spp e bers of the ir icutes ph lu o erall were % of se uences and in 4 % greater abundance in heartwood o er sapwood en iron ents easures of wood oisture content, p of the wood, and tree were also significant predictors of ta on abundance and o erall co position patterns ur results show that unli e ore well studied plant associated co unities in the soil, roots, rhi osphere and ph losphere, wood associated co unities are shape b the uni ue en iron ental conditions of the habitat and a be pro inent and o erloo ed sources of ethane e issions in te perate forest s ste s
ontact nfor ation hristopher chadt, a idge ational aborator , a idge, ,
152 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
E ECT URRICANE IR A N DI L ED R ANIC CARB N LU E AL N A ALINIT RADIENT a e a e , ard , au u an , K edd , and odd orne , ni ersit of lorida, oil and ater ciences epart ent, aines ille, , ni ersit of lorida, hitne aborator for arine iosciences, t ugustine, , arine ciences aborator , e ui , ,
isturbance e ents, such as hurricanes, create copious a ounts of runoff fro terrestrial uplands that flow into strea s and ri ers and e entuall out into the ocean long with the runoff, dissol ed organic atter also runoff the landscape and into these waterwa s where the a react and undergo further transfor ation issol ed organic carbon is one of the ost prolific and i portant co ponents of as a whole o deter ine how concentrations of were affected b urricane r a in t ugustine, lorida, water sa ples were collected at four sites along the gradient fro upstrea ellicer ree off of 4 to the doc behind the hitne aborator for arine ioscience near the ocean inlet o er a period of onths issol ed organic carbon concentrations ranged fro al ost g to 5 g at hitne oc and 45 g to 5 g at 4 concentrations increased at hitne oc during urricane r a and continued to increase for appro i atel a wee after the stor hit owe er, sa pling at 4 showed where concentrations increased before and as the hurricane hit and then decreased as it was flushed out of the area and towards the coast concentrations too onths to finall stabili e bac to pre hurricane conditions
s chafer is a h student in the soil and water sciences depart ent at the ni ersit of lorida ad ised b r edd and r odd sborne he has been stud ing estuarine science for the past four ears with a current focus in estuarine water ualit and carbon c cling
ontact nfor ation race chafer, ni ersit of lorida hitne aborator , 5 5 cean hore l d , t ugustine, ,
153 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ETTLIN AND ENTRAIN ENT R ERTIE ARTICULATE IN T E TA eona in o , h e B e u , a d u ate , K n , a d er e , en r e , arre th , o n aunder , and er e ho a lorida nternational ni ersit , ia i, , lorida ulf oast ni ersit , ort ers, , r orps of ngineers, ngineer esearch e elop ent enter , ic sburg, , 4 outh lorida ater anage ent istrict , est al each, ,
erglades tor water reat ent reas s are flow through constructed wetlands operated to reduce phosphorus fro canal water draining the erglades gricultural rea hosphorus is re o ed in the s ia ultiple echanis s including i plant and icrobial upta e, ii biologicall ediated che ical changes enhancing se uestration e g co precipitation with calcite , iii particulate settling and entrap ent, and i b che ical echanis s e g sorption , all resulting in storage ia accretion espite re o al successes 5% reduction in loads additional efforts are necessar to achie e regulator li its, including wa s to reduce particulate discharge which is generall 5 % of outflow total he focus of this stud was to in estigate the d na ics of particulate resuspension in s and 4 article d na ics were studied relati e to applied shear stresses in core e peri ents, under stagnant, low, and high flow conditions, and as affected b differential flow paths and h drologic and eteorological conditions
ultiple replicate soil cores were collected at the inflow, idflow, and outflow areas along north to south flowpaths in cells do inated b sub erged a uatic egetation ne set of cores were sectioned into c incre ents and anal ed for selected ph sicoche ical properties ores generall showed recentl accreted soil i e soil accreted since operations began depths of appro i atel 5 c , ineral contents of % ash b , and contents that generall decreased down core and downstrea ther sets of replicate cores were sub ected to erodibilit treat ents to deter ine the near bed critical shear stresses that would cause erosion and entrain ent using two ethods ed lu e and cha bers edian critical shear stress of surficial sedi ents generall aried between and a b both ethods, were generall lower in the ed lu e co pared to the , and were esti ated to be appro i atel orders of agnitude greater than the shear stresses e erted b the water colu n suggesting little erosion and or resuspension of pre iousl deposited sedi ent under ost flow conditions owe er, flow elocities and direction and the a ount of particulates o ing through the water colu n were shown to be influenced b cell topograph , location, and wind speed and direction igh elocit c s were periodicall obser ed in re nant agricultural ditches especiall in pro i it to cell outflows ocali ed flows and water colu n particulates were shown to be effected b wind speed and direction here was generall greater water borne particulates in the afternoon corresponding to dail highs in wind speed s the critical shear stress of the water colu n were shown to be uch less than re uired to resuspend sedi ents we suggest that water o e ent is suspending floc periph ton fro the surfaces of the his conclusion is also supported b increasing particle si e fro inflow to outflow along the cells
r en cinto is an associate professor in the epart ent of arth and n iron ent and outheast n iron ental esearch enter at or ing in the erglades s ste for 5 his research focuses largel on the effects of h drologic and nutrient ariation on biogeoche ical processes
ontact nfor ation eonard cinto, h , epart ent of arth and n iron ent 5 , lorida nternational ni ersit , th treet, ia i, ,
154 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
T E RLAND EA TERL WETLAND – EAR C N TRUCTED UCCE a k ee , ar ore an, Kathr n a ton it of rlando – ater ecla ation i ision, hrist as, lorida
he rlando asterl etlands , co pleted in , is a 4 hectare free surface flow constructed wetland he s ste is co prised of different flow pathwa s, treat ent cells and water control structures he wetlands are per itted to recei e up to illion d annual a erage dail flow he polishes e cess nutrients fro reclai ed water recei ed fro the ron ridge egional ater ecla ation acilit ro through , the s ste has re o ed 5 5, 55 g of nitrogen and , g of phosphorus he a erage and concentration discharged fro the s ste are g and g , respecti el
o aintain the upta e capabilit , the s ste is anaged to pro ote di erse a uatic habitats erbicide applications, water le el anipulations and prescribed burns are routinel e plo ed to help pro ote beneficial nati e egetation such as cattails ha hen detritus significantl accu ulates, full scale uc re o al pro ects are initiated etween and , nearl hectares ha e been reno ated with appro i atel 5 illion cubic eters of uc re o ed hese pro ects reduce short circuiting within the wetlands and create conditions for i pro ed wildlife habitat and nutrient upta e
he continues to pro ide a site for arious undergraduate and graduate research urrentl , the lorida ish and ildlife onser ation o ission along with the ni ersit of lorida are stud ing the conditions that affect giant bulrush hoeno e tu a orn u sur i orship in restoration areas ni ersit of entral lorida facult and students are researching arious topics such as uric acid concentrations and its possible correlation with wildlife how constructed wetlands and nutrient gradients affect greenhouse gas production and bacterial species identification and its influence on and re o al
he s ste was also designed to pro ide wildlife habitat o help achie e this, o er illion nati e a uatic plants were installed iodi ersit within the is high with ore than 4 species of birds being recorded within the constructed wetlands e eral ears after construction, the was opened to the general public as the rlando etlands ar nnuall , tens of thousands of isitors fre uent the ar ird watching, photograph , hi ing, ogging and horsebac riding are popular acti ities olunteer group has been for ed to help with wetlands education and assist with ar operations ro nutrient re o al to public awareness, the continues to ser e as a odel for constructed wetlands
ar ees is etlands anager for the it of rlando’s Water Reclamation Division. Mr. Sees has more than 20 years of e perience anaging and aintaining the rlando asterl etlands
ontact nfor ation ar ees, it of rlando, 5 55 heeler oad, hrist as, lorida, ,
155 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
el e vai , ohn Ko no , , ar o oronado o na , te hen a , e n a er , , te e Ke , ana a e , , a d udn , a o a anta ar a , red ar , an ro er , , Ben a n on , lorida nternational niversity Miami lorida S 2So th lorida Water Mana ement District West alm each lorida S ver lades o ndation almetto ay lorida S So theast nvironmental Research enter Miami lorida S ver lades ational ar omestead lorida S
ver lades coastal etlands are e osed to salt ater intr sion from storms and sea level rise S R leadin to ncertainties for the fate of elo ro nd car on . Soil micro ial e tracell lar en yme activities s drive or anic matter rea do n. r o ectives ere to determine ho micro ial s and root rea do n in fresh ater and rac ish ater eat soils are affected y salt ater intr sion. We sim lated e isodic salt ater intr sion y monthly n tu dosin of etland cham ers n .2 m diameter ith nstant cean . ontrol etland cham ers n ere dosed ith am ient site ater. We de loyed root litter a s in rac ish and fresh ater cham ers for a ro imately 2 years retrieved after 2 and 2 months . fter each collection e analy ed the remainin root litter for micro ial s elemental stoichiometry nitro en hos hor s and rea do n rate.
t the fresh ater site root de radation as 0 ithin the first 0 days for oth control and treatment cham ers. fter 0 days the de radation rates slo ed do n ithin oth the controls and treatments ended at aro nd 0 remainin after 0 days. t the rac ish site root de radation as also 0 ithin the first 0 days for oth control and treatment cham ers. fter 0 days the ercent dry matter remainin sli htly decreased at oth the controls and treatment cham er ith dry matter ended at aro nd 0 remainin after 0 days. he ma ority of mass loss occ rred ithin the first 0 days. nterestin ly the ma ority of mass loss occ rred ithin the initial 0 days.
We im lemented a ath analysis a roach to antify the relative im ortance of hy othesi ed factors contri tin to root rea do n rate after short 0 days and lon term 0 days d rations at oth the fresh ater and rac ish site. We constr cted fo r ath models ith eleven redictor varia les for root rea do n avera e hos horo s s lf r S and ac irin en ymes salinity litter litter ore ater dissolved or anic D ore ater total dissolved D ore ater sol le reactive SR and S . reliminary res lts from the ath model indicate redictors 0.0 of rea do n rates vary et een short term and lon term e os re and et een sites. resh ater short term rea do n rates ere est redicted standardi ed coefficient directly y la ile ac irin en yme activity 0. salinity . D 0. 0 SR 0. and S .0 . resh ater lon term rea do n rates ere est redicted y salinity . 2 D 0. D 0. SR 0. and S 2.2 . rac ish short term rea do n rates ere est redicted y 0. and S 0. ac irin en ymes content 0. D 0. D 0. and S 0. 0 . rac ish lon term rea do n rates ere est redicted y salinity . D .2 SR 0. and S . 2 . verall en yme activities ere not redicted to have direct effects on rea do n rates lon term. ore ater chemistry artic larly S a ears to e a ood redictor of rea do n rates d rin short term and lon term inc ations and across sites. Site chemistry dominates rea do n rate li ely eca se it oth directly infl ences leachin and also may indirectly affect en yme activities. vera e en yme activities across root liter collections may not e effective redictors of rea do n as they re resent instantaneo s micro ial demand. Dosin e eriments rovide insi hts into critical eat formation and de radation mechanisms and ill allo for etter lannin and ater mana ement decisions.
Shel y Servais is a h.D. candidate at lorida nternational niversity. Shel y ill defend her dissertation in S mmer 20 and is interested to hear a o t any o or ostdoc o ort nities
ontact nformation Shel y Servais De artment of iolo ical Sciences lorida nternational niversity 200 SW th Street Miami S
156 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
a la oemake and ran nder on S eolo ical S rvey Davie S 2 S eolo ical S rvey Sacramento S
n forested etlands car on cyclin overns eat soil acc m lation driven rimarily y the difference et een ecosystem hotosynthesis and res iration as ell as lateral advection of ater orne car on and methano enesis. or coastal etlands facin sea level rise a frame or as created for estimatin otential elevation chan es ased on fo r years of contin o s cyclin data ithin y ress S am D arf y ress and ine land ecosystems in the reater ver lades. Soil acc m lation as estimated sin a t o dimensional mass alance model of vertical net ecosystem car on e chan e vertical fl of methane and lateral flo s of dissolved or anic D and inor anic car on D in s rface ater that drained a st dy area.
he se estered ro hly 20 metric tons of from the atmos here over the fo r year st dy. his val e as com ted as a s mmation of daily y ress S am D arf y ress and ine land rates ei hted y the s atial e tent of each ithin the st dy. ro imately 2 0 metric tons of as emitted from these ecosystems as methane d rin decom osition. et lateral ater orne advection of D and D contri ted a o t 22 metric tons of into the st dy area as or anic and inor anic material. n acc m lation of a o t mm of soil as estimated y the mass alance model over the fo r year st dy ass min an avera e soil l density val e of 0.2 cm . cc m lation rates ere very sensitive to chan es soil l density val es. otential ann al elevation ains from the car on cycle ere 0. mm er year or a o t . mm er year less than the mean t enty year rate for sea level rise 2. mm er year meas red y the S S at aylor River in the ver lades.
arclay Shoema er is a research hydrolo ist for the S S. is interests incl de com tational hydrolo y s staina le ater se climate chan e and hydrolo y and hydrolo ic characteri ation for local and re ional conflicts over ater. e has a thored n mero s S S technical re orts and o rnal articles and has served as revie er for several scientific o rnals.
ontact nformation W. arclay Shoema er S eolo ical S rvey enter for olla orative Research 2 olle e ve Dave S
157 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
– o a im on , a e er , and odd orne , Whitney a oratory for the Marine iosciences St. stine S 2Wetland io eochemistry a oratory ainesville S Smithsonian nvironmental Research enter d e ater MD S
lo ally coastal etland ve etation distri tions are chan in in res onse to climate chan e. n the so theastern nited States increased inter tem erat res over the ast decades have res lted in ole ard e ansion of man roves at the e ense of saltmarsh alterin man rove rod ctivity car on fl es and ecosystem stora e. he ma nit de and direction of chan e ill e de endent on environmental varia les and n trient enrichment is amon one of the ey drivers of rod ctivity in man roves. lteration of car on dio ide 2 effl and decom osition d e to e tro hication has the otential to alter dynamics of marine ecosystems c rrently nder oin chan e. We meas red 2 effl elo ro nd decom osition and soil in the man rove – salt marsh ecotone in St. stine lorida to estimate 2 fl rates and elo ro nd decom osition in a nitro en limited ecotonal ecosystem and 2 el cidate the effects of n trient enrichment on ecosystem stora e. trient enrichment res lted in an increase in man rove iomass and soil 2 effl and a decrease in elo ro nd decom osition of cotton stri s. Soil as si nificantly different across treatments. onse ently e assert that the net chan e on ecosystem stoc and fl is de endent on n trient stat s of the system.
Dr. Sim son is an ecolo ist hose research occ rs at the intersection of ecosystem rocesses and the iotic and a iotic factors hich infl ence them. She is c rrently foc sed on stora e and fl in the man rove – salt marsh ecotone and ho nat ral ert r ations alter the dynamics of the system.
ontact nformation ora Sim osn 0 cean Shore lvd St stine 20 0
158 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
a ma a i ová Eliška Rejmánková and aro a a Ko r o
H dr a ert ata ado hora hoeno e tu a orn u H dr a ert ata hhorn a ra e
159 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
o e moak R an o e avi a oma ino a a R Ra a a a E Ro en eim a ol n a e i a am e a a a n o a ei a an i ian an e
ard’s LiDAR Hyperspectral and Thermal (G
160 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
le R m e an e oe ke an m in il and ater ciences Department ni ersity l rida H mestead L A ansas i l ical r ey ni ersity ansas La rence A
Greenh se as (GHG emissi ns r m etlands are a ected y s il y en ( temperat re and m ist re r ater illed p re space ( rrent samplin meth ds ail t capt re h sh rt term l ct ati ns in these dri ers a ect GHG emissi ns leadin t inade ate estimates ann al emissi ns r m etlands Alth h methane ( H and nitr s ide ( l es ha e een meas red r sim lated at di erent spatial and temp ral scales l n term GHG meas rements and acc mpanyin en ir nmental data are needed t red ce ncertainty and identi y ey dri ers as emissi ns e c pled ee ly methane ( H and nitr s ide ( l meas rements ith min te inter al s il sens r data r ater illed p re space ( calc lated r m s il m ist re and temperat re t in esti ate hich sens r est e plained GHG emissi ns hether c ntin s sens r data e plained emissi ns ey nd meas rements synchr ni ed ith ee ly l es and hat aria les est e plained and predicted GHG l es Data r m sites c llected et een r m c nstr cted etland in Dayt n H ere sed t de el p time la m dels ased n pre de ined time inter als pri r t the l meas rement and instantane s m dels ased n sens r readin s c nc rrent ith GHG l meas rements
The m st imp rtant predict r r H l as the ariance in s il h rs pri r t the l meas rement Hi h H l es cc rred hen ariance as lar e d e t a transiti n r m l t hi h s il This indicates that sh rt term l ct ati ns in s il related t rec nnecti n the s ils t the atm sphere typical s il draina e res lt in H emissi ns l es ere est m delled ith data r m the s il m ist re sens r and the m st imp rtant predict r as the days pri r t the l meas rement Dry c nditi ns lead t emissi ns as pea l es cc rred days a ter the l est m inin data r m m ltiple sens rs e plained m re ariance in l es than t p sin le sens r m del r each as ( r H and r ndersc rin the relative importance of interactions among drivers. However, the most important variable (based on ∆AIC) did n t chan e et een the indi id al and m ltiple sens r m dels l es predicted sin linear interp lati n ere si ni icantly di erent r m m del predicti ns The lar est di erence et een the t predicti e meth ds cc rred a ter peri ds rapid chan e indicatin linear interp lati n may nderestimate l es r st dy dem nstrates that l n term c ntin s data hich acc nts r sh rt term ariati n in s il pr perties can impr e r nderstandin etland ec system ncti n
Dr myth is an Assistant r ess r i e chemistry at the ni ersity l rida he has a h D in arine cience r m hapel Hill and as a p std c at the ni ersity ansas and a Da id H mith nser ati n ell at the ir inia nstit te arine cience
ntact n rmati n Ashley R myth il and ater ciences Department Tr pical Research and d cati n enter ni ersity l rida A th t H mestead L
161 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
lina e a o n R i e ili al Ron o anje an a io e one i L isiana tate ni ersity at n R e LA A ran ield ni ersity ran ield
arsh l ss is a ma r c ncern in the ississippi Ri er Delta and is a res lt many act rs incl din sediment r n trient depri ati n and salt intr si n resh ater di ersi ns are desi ned t reintr d ce resh ater r m the ississippi Ri er in rder t maintain resh ater marsh e etati n and n trient cyclin ncti ns ne aspect pre entin marsh l ss is accreti n hich can e dri en y mineral sedimentati n r the ild p r anic matter r anic matter accreti n is dri en y plant pr d cti ity hereas e cess dec mp siti n can ne ate ains in marsh ele ati n th pr cesses are limited y a aila le n trients This st dy characteri ed s il pr perties at a resh ater di ersi n site e re ll resh ater l t the site e an ith the intenti n resamplin a ter a decade di ersi n perati n e present a aseline n trient stat s and accreti n pr cesses this marsh e re resh ater sediment and n trient inp t cc rred There ere stati ns ( and cm depth t determine a aseline s il m ist re l density ( D pH r anic matter c ntent ( t tal ph sph r s (T nitr en (T and car n (T aps s il pr perties in the recently accreted t cm depth inter al ere pr d ced sin ri in r m the spatial c rrelati n analysis e ser ed that T T and in the t cm depth inter al had similar pr perties and ere cl sely in ersely related t D These res lts all ed s t in er the mechanism accreti n acr ss the etland hich aried ith distance r m the ri er ntin in st dy Da is nd resh ater di ersi n area is n in and a samplin team ill ret rn in April and ay t ser e the chan es in i e chemical pr cesses accreti n plant n trient pta e and c mm nity str ct re L n term e ects resh ater rest rati n pr ects ha e yet t e anti ied and this research can re eal the p tential impacts resh ater di ersi ns n resh ater marsh s il pr perties related t resilience in c astal L isiana
BIO: Alina Spera is a master’s candidate in the Wetland and Aquatic Biogeochemistry Laboratory at Louisiana State University. Alina’s research c ses n the impacts lar e scale rest rati n pr ects n resh ater etland i e chemical pr cesses
ntact n rmati n Alina pera L isiana tate ni ersity ast n ir nment ildin at n R e LA A
162 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
avalen einm lle le i me o n R i e i a am e Aquatic Biogeochemistry Laboratory epartment o Biology University o entral lorida Orlando L USA errestrial Biogeochemistry Lab ubenstein School o nvironment and atural esources University o ermont Burlington USA Wetland and Aquatic Biogeochemistry Laboratory epartment o Oceanography and oastal Sciences Louisiana State University Baton ouge LA USA
oastal etland submergence can occur hen rates o relative sea level rise e ceed that o vertical accretion or land ard transgression. Once collapsed and disarticulated by etland submergence these highly organic soils are e posed to o ygen rich sea ater hich may accelerate minerali ation rates. o determine ho inputs o o ygenated sea ater alter degradability o organic matter ith depth nine soil cores ere collected to a depth o m rom three brac ish marshes ithin Barataria Bay LA USA hich is e periencing high rates o etland loss from submergence. Field enzyme activity (β glucosidase B acetyl beta glucosaminidase A al aline phosphatase (AP), β xylosidase (XY), and β cellobiosidase B and microbial biomass carbon B did not change signi icantly ith depth until cm here activity increased dramatically and then slo ly declined. otal carbon total nitrogen and percent organic matter ere highest bet een and cm contradicting the generally accepted paradigm o decreasing litter quality ith depth. ollo ing initial characteri ation soil microcosms ere created or depth segments under anaerobic conditions mimic ing an intact etland and aerobic conditions mimic ing a submerging etland mi ing ith o ygenated bay ater carbon dio ide O production as measured ithin the bottles over days. arbon dio ide production as greatest ithin the aerobic treatments. At cm the di erence in O production bet een aerobic and anaerobic treatments as greater than O production at the soil sur ace. hough O production increased ith depth ithin both treatments potentially minerali able ammonium rates decreased ith increasing depth. esults rom this study challenge the assumption that both organic matter quality and degradability o organic matter decrease ith depth suggesting coastal etland submergence could signi icantly enhance O emissions.
BIO: avalend Steinmuller is a h andidate at the University of Central Florida in Dr. Lisa Chambers’ Aquatic Biogeochemistry Lab. Her research ocuses on biogeochemical responses o coastal etlands to sea level rise.
ontact In ormation: avalend Steinmuller epartment o Biology University o entral lorida Orlando L
163 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
avi mne o a am an Ro inkle U. . eological urvey Caribbean Florida ater cience Center Lut Florida U A anaa i henua – Landcare esearch Lincoln e ealand University of Central Florida rlando Florida U A
reservation of eatland carbon stoc s has global and local im lications. lobally loss of eatlands is coincident ith the release of greenhouse gases. Locally eatland loss can result in marsh subsidence and associated hydro ecological im acts as ell as the release of sequestered nutrients to do nstream ater bodies. Atmos heric landsca e carbon e change as monitored at a subtro ical eat marsh in Florida U A from using eddy covariance methods. During the study eriod hydro eriod ranged from nine to t elve months. et ecosystem roductivity as strongly affected by hydro eriod varying from relatively lo g C C m y in years ith eriodic drying events to much higher values g C C m during years ith constant marsh inundation. Lo er rates ere rimarily the result of increased eat o idation during eriods hen marsh ater level as belo land surface. ethane emissions varied seasonally ith tem erature and ater level and averaged g CH C m y . radeoffs e ist bet een to ogra hic reservation of etlands and reduction in the otency of greenhouse gas emissions. nundation simultaneously reduces carbon mass loss through su ression of eat o idation but increases the release of methane a highly otent greenhouse gas. A rescribed fire in consumed a ro imately ercent of the aboveground biomass g C m ra idly releasing carbon sequestered over a eriod of years.
B David umner is the Associate Director for tudies of the U Caribbean Florida ater cience Center he has years of hydrologic e erience ith the U in Florida orth Da ota and ississi i.
Contact nformation David umner U Caribbean Florida ater cience Center et Lane Lut FL U A
164 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
E E ER a ina a a m a ke e a e an a l le k
e e o i ma aka i o ka i o an inea o ino i
165 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
E ik a e ol olin a n e e e man i an en
166 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
R R a iko e a a a enji ama a a a i aka a i e i o i ka
ln ja oni a a in man i a
ja oni a ja oni a – man i a man i a –
ja oni a – man i a – –
ja oni a man i a ja oni a man i a
167 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
o en oo oon i n e le a e an an a kovi
alli ne ia ame i ana illa ve i illa a harvested to record wet and dry weights. Results showed that Peat and Sand did not substantially impact plant’s ass production. Vallisneria’s growth was not affected by different salt types in various salinity as it showed a similar effect on plant’s biomass as Sea Water.
Mohsen Tootoonchi has a Master’s degree in Soil and Water Science from the University of Florida. He is working Gettys’ Aquatic Plant Science Lab at the same institution. His dissertation research examines the effect of saltwater encroac
168 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Ro e R ille epartment of ceanography and oastal Sciences ollege of the oast and the nvironment Louisiana State University aton Rouge Louisiana USA
Mangroves store larger amounts of carbon per area of coastal one than areal estimates in many terrestrial ecosystems and are suggested as a meaningful strategy to mitigate the effects of greenhouse gases. However analyses of how ecosystems may mitigate the global carbon cycle also require mapping ecosystem area with respective storages and fluxes across the earth surface to compare annual global carbon flux among ecosystem types. We provide a new framework based on diverse coastal environmental settings ie diverse estuarine morphology to explain global variation in mangrove carbon storages using soil organic carbon as a model to more accurately determine mangrove contribution to global carbon dynamics. We deliver the first global mangrove area estimate occupying distinct coastal environmental settings highlighting the role of carbonate settings as global blue carbon hotspots where S stocks have been underestimated by up to . arbon budgets suggest that a large fraction of mangrove organic matter is buried or consumed locally and the importance of mangrove detritus is related to the ratio of wetland area to open water. xport of mangrove with an approximate of is less than previously thought and much of the exchange via tides may actually be equally distributed among dissolved organic and inorganic carbon. Wood production is about g m year and the average sequestration in mangroves soils is about g m year. The sum of these two measures PPW ∆Sorg is then a mean approximation of mangrove P. Geographic location and regional climate of ma or mangrove forests may explain carbon exchange with nearshore coastal waters e.g. the wet tropics compared to drier low latitude regions .
oastal environmental setting also affects the form e.g. and magnitude of carbon exchange between mangrove forests and nearshore coastal waters. T in the net tidal exchange from mangroves to the estuary becomes a carbon sink depending on how much of this organic carbon is respired back to the atmosphere. Most estuaries are considered heterotrophic and thus much of this mangrove carbon is not buried in the coastal one. This is still a ma or question in the carbon budget of coastal ecosystems but there have been some very interesting discoveries in the last decade. losing the gaps in these nutrient budgets is very important and need to be linked with estimates on how such exchanges vary with disturbances on ecosystems associated with land use and pulses such as floods fires and cyclones when estimating how the biogeochemistry of mangroves may mitigate global nutrient cycles.
r. Twilley is xecutive irector of the Louisiana Sea Grant ollege Program and professor in the epartment of ceanography and oastal Science at LSU. Most of r. Twilley s research has focused on coastal systems ecology and ecosystems and more recently has been involved in developing ecosystem models coupled with engineering and landscape designs to formulate adaptation strategies for coastal communities. He received his S and MS from ast arolina University Ph from University of Florida and post doctoral studies were at University of Maryland enter for nvironmental Studies.
ontact nformation Robert R. Twilley epartment of ceanography and oastal Sciences ollege of the oast and the nvironment Louisiana State University aton Rouge Louisiana USA
169 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
R R i e o i aka a a l e en e an E eene a ell e i an e e iel en epartment of Marine and cological Sciences Florida Gulf oast University Fort Myers FL USA epartment of hemistry and ioscience Aalborg University Aalborg enmark
i o o i a la is a recently proposed new species of cluster i o o i a isolated from freshwater sediment. la and other i o o i a play a key role in the global nitrogen cycling in the first process of nitrification conversion of ammonia to nitrite. i o o i a and its sister genus i o omona belong to the family itrosomonadaceae within the class etaproteobacteria. The functional redundancy and niche separation created by i o o i a and i o omona species and later with ammonia oxidi ing archaea has become a globally popular sub ect in environmental microbiology. Although they have been concurrently found in various natural and man made environments the dominance of either group in specific habitats may be used as a biological indicator of environmental health. cologically i o o i a dominate in various soil environments but minor in wastewater treatment plants. urrently recogni ed i o o i a species do not contain high ammonia adapted species and this oligotrophic nature may lead to an ecological advantage of this group of nitrifying bacteria in nature.
The ob ective of this study is to understand what is the inventory of genes necessary and unique for the habitat differentiation and sharing of la and other betaproteobacterial ammonia oxidi ers through complete genome sequencing. The genomic data were exploited in examining the global distribution and habitat range of la .
The complete . Mb circular genome comprised protein coding A sequences tR A genes and a single S S S rR A operon. The gene inventory supported chemolithotrophic metabolisms for function in wetland and soil environments. The APG genome encoded a large number of chemotaxis and flagellum associated proteins suggesting the importance of chemotaxis for la . Many but not all ammonia oxidi ing bacteria use urea for chemolithotrophic growth. The ability to use urea as an energy source conveys an advantage to ammonia oxidi ers including pH manipulation and as an alternate energy source. The presence of urea may also allow these microorganisms to survive at low pH conditions because the ma ority of ammonia is in the form of ammonium ion which is not directly used by ammonia oxidi ers. A urease operon was present in the genome of la . Additionally a gene coding urea A transporter substrate binding protein was located in the genome. t is known that the disruption of this coding gene leads to the loss of high affinity urea transport activity in cyanobacteria. This protein was found in all i o o i a genomes but not in the genomes of i o omona . The prominence of i o o i a in acidic soil can be partially explained by the presence and absence of this protein which assist in urea uptake and metabolism. Furthermore the gene for polyphosphate kinase k were present in the la genome. This en yme has been shown to be involved in stress tolerance biofilm formation and virulence through the utili ation of poly P to generate guanosine triphosphate GTP . We found that k is widely present in other i o o i a genomes but not in the genomes of i o omona . Thus this is another example of genes that can potentially assist the environmental adaptations of i o o i a. espite a limited phenotypic diversity i o o i a has a wider variety of morphology. All i o o i a species are motile this is in contrast with i o omona species in which nearly half of species have no motility. Unique morphology along with chemotaxis and biofilm formation capability supported by PP may increase the ecological fitness of i o o i a in microenvironments. ur global search of la like gene sequences in environmental clone and metagenomic libraries revealed the habitat range and global distribution patterns of this species indicating that la is a cosmopolitan species and widely distributed in temperate freshwater environments e.g. lake sediment rice fields wetlands . la represented the greatest numbers of environmental ammonia monooxygenase gene amo sequences among currently recogni ed i o o i a species and is regarded as the most cosmopolitan species.
r. Urakawa is an aquatic ecologist of FG U with more than years of experience culturing and studying nitrifying microorganisms. He is interested in environmental restoration and has engaged in various research pro ects including natural and constructed wetlands.
ontact nformation Hidetoshi Urakawa Florida Gulf oast University FG U lvd. S. Fort Myers FL USA
170 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
e i a a a e o n R i e Rajnee a al an vini a an Louisisana State University aton Rouge LA USA Florida A M University Tallahassee FL USA
n April the P eepwater Hori on oil platform in the Gulf of Mexico experienced an explosion that resulted in the largest marine oil spill in U.S. history. As a remediation tactic . million liters of dispersant orexit A was sprayed into Gulf of Mexico waters. t has been shown in previous studies that exposure of coastal wetland soil to orexit can lead to the reduction in several important microbial mediated ecosystem services related to water quality denitrification and ecosystem primary productivity nitrogen minerali ation . To get a more complete picture of how orexit impacts coastal marshes it is vital to look at how the microbial communities in the soil react to different levels of orexit exposure. t is possible to find a link between shifts in the microbial community and changes in ecosystem services by analy ing changes in microbial activity and community structure over time with orexit exposure. Heterotrophic microbial respiration was measured for both wetland soil and estuarine sediment in arataria ay LA. USA. Triplicate cores for wetland soil and estuarine sediment were collected and analy ed for microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen L moisture content TP and T T . There were four treatment levels control of orexit wet soil ratios under anaerobic conditions. Gas samples were analy ed on a Gas hromatograph F to monitor microbial respiration over time. The samples were then analy ed for microbial community structure using a metagenomics approach. These results will indicate how microbial activity and community structure in coastal wetland soils shift in response to orexit exposure. This research may provide more insight on how coastal wetlands will respond recover over time after exposure to dispersant.
essica Vaccare is a graduate student in the Wetland and Aquatic iogeochemistry Laboratory at Louisiana State University. essica’s research focuses on ecosystem services and nutrient cycling in coastal wetlands.
ontact nformation essica Vaccare Louisiana State University nergy oast nvironment uilding aton Rouge LA USA
171 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
oo van a en ilai an an in a illo i o i si i a cs i si s a a i a a i si
a s i a s a i a s as s a c s s s a a s c as s a a s s s a s a s issi s ca c s i issi s i sia a a s a a a a s i s c a i s si as a a a a asi i s a asi c ai s s a a s s a i a si a i ia le o a a s ic a a s i a s ci s i i a asi a issi s a asi c s a si i ica a s
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a a is a assis a s a c ss i i s a i si i a a as s a c i c ica a s i i ac i s i ica i s s cia a asi as a s
ac i a i s a a i s i si i a a cs
172 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
oo van a en an in a illo i o i si i a cs i a a i si
ac i a assi as a s s c s a si i ica i c s s issi s s cia a a s a s s a s a assi a s s s i a i s s ci s a a c a iss ic ca a s a a i s s i a s i is sa a s s ca a s s s a ia a s iss s i s i s a s a asi c ai s a s ci s ic s ci s s a a s sca s ac ss a asi s a a s ci s i a a ac s i s issi s
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ac i a i s a a i s i si i a a cs
173 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
i ine an ome en a o e ko i o n R i e an an i e ie i s a c a ic s isia a a i si a
c i s as c s a s a i c s a i c a i a s i a i a a i a s s ac s c a a ss ass cia i isi s a a ss c i a ss s a i c as a si i c s a i c i a s c i c s i a a s a as a c s i i a a a s i s s i i c as a a s i s a i a a a s c ai i ac a a i a iss a ic ca a a a s s i s s i a ia s i i i as a s s a a c a i s a s i ac s ac si i s i c as a i a s s i s ai ic ia ac i s a i ca aci i s i s i a i i s c s s c as a i i a i c i a i i c ica s s s a i s s s a i a s i ac c i s a s a a s c ai ai i a i a i s s c s i s a ic ia c i i s i a s ac s i s c a s a i s a i s i i c ica i s a ai a a s i s i ac ass ss c a s c i s i s s i a s i a ica i s s i c ica s s s i ia i s a i c a s i i c s i s i a i a s i a s a i c a i ac i i i s s i i c ica c ss s i i si i s a i c i ss a s ic ia i c s s s ic s s cia i s a i i i s
a is a s a c c is i i a s i c i a s a i a c a i as si i c i a s a c a as a i a s a i c s c s a i c is
ac a i is i a i s a c a a s ic s
174 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
Ro i o a a o e a a Ra ael o a o i si a a a s a c c a s ica i s i si a a c a a c a ai
issi s ai s as s a s s a s i a c ai c a a a c s a s issi s a s i s a ca s i s a s a i a a s ssi a issi s s s a c a i i a i is s issi s c a s i si ica c ss s i a c i i s si a a a s s c i s as a s s s a a ac s i s as s s a s i i a i i s a c i ic a a o i o mi s a a ac s i ca i s i a s a a i i a ic a s i issi s s si i a s as a a s i a a a s i a s s a i a c s a ai a s as a sca s a cas s as c a c s i is s s a c a s c i issi s c asi i i a s s a s c i i a a s as a a a c a a i s i i i a i s a is c as s i as a si i s s a i s s as a a s is c a s s i s i a s issi s i s a s as a a a a c a is s issi s i a c as i issi s i s i s i a s s issi s c as i s i a si i a a s a a s c i s s a si ca aci s i s c a ia c ac s issi s s s s i ica as a issi s i s i a s a i i s i s s acc a a a c i s c s s s
a as is a ss cia ss i s a c i c i sica ac s a s i a a s i ac i s ac ss i a i s as c a i ica i s i a i a i a s a s s i c i s s a a i a a i a i a sci i ic s a sci i ic a i a i s
ac a i a a a i ci c s i si a a a
175 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
– e i k a n oma ian i o o ne i ael iel an illiam enne a ica ci c s i si i a ai s i i a a a i i sci c i si i a s i a s a i a a s i i si i a ai s i
Intertidal forests and salt marshes represent a major component of Florida’s coasts and are essential to the health and integrity of coastal Florida’s ecological and economic systems. I a i i c as a a s a c i as i ici ca si s i i a i i s ca i sca s c i s i ia ss s sa a s s a s a s a ass s a a a a ic c s a a i i a i i ac as ca si s a a c ac a s i sa a s s a a i a i c as s i ca s s a i as a s s ca a sa a s s
i a is c ac a s i sa a s s is i a c as s s a c i ci i a i c as i a as s a ca s i c s c c a as i a a i a s i c a c ac a s i i a sa a s s as a i c as i ca s a s i c s ic a a i a s i i a s i i s c ca s a i a i a a i c s c s i i s a a i i ia s s c ic s s a s as s a i s s ca is c i s i i a si i a s a a a i a as c c sa a s a i a s a si i a a s as a c a ss ca i i c c a a a a s c s i i as a a i i ic s a i i a a a a a s i a s i c is ss ca a a a a i a c a a c a s i ca s c s
IO: Derrick Vaughn is a Ph.D. student within Thomas Bianchi’s lab at the University of Florida. His dissertation looks at di c s i carbon storage along Florida’s northern coast in response to recent climate change and Holocene climate variability.
ac a i ic a i ia s a a i ai s i
176 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
i e me len a am ammon oe a H Bird esources Billings T U Billings entral atholic chool Billings T U
In today’s society, we are dependent on plastics. In 2015, we globally produced about 322 metric tons of plastic, and it is presumed that we could not cope with the removal of plastics from our society. However common plastics are non biodegradable and our use of plastics is polluting the world we live in. Polyethylene Terephthalate or P T is used in water and other drinking bottles synthetic clothing microwaveable trays insulation and more. hile P T is recyclable it is reduced to pollutants if littered. This is common considering P T is the most commonly used plastic. Many believe that this “plastic problem” cannot be helped.
eonella akaien i is a bacterium discovered outside a plastic recycling facility and it is capable of breaking down P T. It uses en ymes called P Tases to hydroly e P T into two monomers: ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. t room temperature it can process a thin film of P T over the course of about days. This is a somewhat slow reaction time. However if the plastic is processed by means of essential cooking it it is more easily broken down. akaien i is easily grown and once it adheres itself to the surface of P T it can begin producing P Tase and needs very little of other resources.
bacterial transformation was demonstrated as a fairly easy process in a lab using E oli to produce ampicillin resistance and many students were able induce insulin production in the culture with a second transformation. By isolation the P Tase production gene E oli can be used to produce P Tase and break down P T into environmentally friendly monomers more uickly and efficiently. large portion of our plastics can successfully be biodegraded and returned to the earth.
BIO: ic Vermeulen is a junior who currently volunteers at H bird esources. He studies bird behaviors as well as the microbial environment waterfowl ponds. His interest in this project was sparked by his aspirations in microbiology. ic has also been involved in several teaching groups giving presentations on microbial life.
ontact Information: icholas Vermeulen H Bird esources Billings T U
177 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
i illa an o ill in R e omia an a l lian 1 outh lorida ater Management istrict, est alm each, , 2 niversity of lorida, ainesville, ,
he verglades tormwater reatment reas s are an important component of the verglades restoration efforts. he five s combined, have effectively reduced total phosphorus concentrations in the surface water, to as low as 20 g 1 and reduced loads, by as much as percent in the recent years. owever, the mandates to achieve lower concentrations at the outflow structures emphasi e the need for a better understanding of the factors and mechanisms that might limit the s to achieve and sustain the current long term ater uality ased ffluent imit of 13 g 1.
his field investigation is a component of a comprehensive study to evaluate the sources, forms, flu , and transformation of phosphorus in the verglades s. pecifically, the investigation is being conducted along a transect in three different flow ways with different vegetation types under stagnant, low flow, and high flow conditions. hosphorus cycling and movement within an is a function of various chemical, physical, and biological processes operating at different regions of the flow way. he concentration of observed at the outflow structure is a net result of all these processes.
reliminary results from flow events in 2 low ways s 1 and 3 show distinct concentration gradient from inflow to outflow at all phases of the flow event. verage reduction however, was higher for emergent a uatic vegetation dominated 2 1 than for submerged a uatic vegetation based 2 3. In 2 3, concentrations were elevated under stagnant condition following a period of high loading but not after low loading with increases resulting from a large increase in particulate . eduction in accounted for most of the reduction in concentration along the treatment at all periods of the flow events. ompared to dissolved organic , soluble reactive was reduced much earlier in the , indicating that this fraction was consumed much more readily through biological and physico chemical processes operating along the front half of the treatment . esidual pool at the bac end of the was comprised mainly of and at all periods of the flow events. showed strong positive correlations with metal cations calcium, aluminum and iron along with total nitrogen, chlorophyll, total suspended solids, surface water p , and dissolved o ygen during the low flow, high flow, and stagnant periods. he implications of initial results for operation and performance along with current efforts to identify the sources and composition of and especially at the lower reaches of the flow way will be discussed.
I r. illapando is currently a ead nvironmental cientist for the outh lorida ater Management istrict with almost 20 years of e perience managing water uality improvement pro ects in support of the a e eechobee and verglades estoration efforts.
ontact Information di illapando, outh lorida ater Management istrict, est alm each,
178 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
ioen ee aam nton de om niversity of uriname, anica uriname and ulane niversity, ew rleans, ,
he study focusses on the occurrence of methyl mercury in sediments of ivers in the lowlands of entral and estern uriname. he use of mercury in the growing artisanal gold mining industry has caused an increase of mercury in the environment. his study tries to assess the accumulation of the mercury in ivers downstream and downwind of the gold mining areas. revious studies have shown that mercury accumulates in areas downwind of artisanal gold mining areas, but the process is not yet fully understood. his research has been ongoing for over si months, and up until now, assessed methyl mercury levels in sediments upstream, at and downstream of five villages. he study, which is part of a larger three year program, provides insight into the presence and possible accumulation of methyl mercury and its possible relations with seasonal variations temperature and water flow .
I I have a bac ground in biological anthropology and ecology, with more than ten years of e perience in primate behavior and feeding ecology field studies. My current focus is on studying the impact of climate change on the distribution, availability, and methylation of mercury in the environment.
ontact Information rioen . . reed aam, h andidate nton de om niversity of uriname and ulane niversity, eeberg ro e t 3 , anica uriname
179 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
en on i an ia in ie ie en an jie i an enlo en 1 ey aboratory of eographic Information cience Ministry of ducation , ast hina ormal niversity, hanghai 2002 1, hina 2 chool of eographical ciences, ast hina ormal niversity, hanghai 2002 1, hina 3 resent address econd Institute of ceanography, tate ceanic dministration, ang hou 310012, hina
stuarine and coastal area is significantly a contributor to the inventory of nitrous o ide 2 , but we now little about the effect of temperature increasing among different coasts. his study presents the results of incubation e periments of the 2 flu es along the ast hina stuarine and oastal line from south tropical site, 20 , to north temperate site, 0 35 , in which the temperature was controlled on three gradients 15 ,25 ,35 and the semi diurnal tide was simulated by episode flooding. uring the aeration, 2 flu es from north sites showed an e ponential positive correlation with temperature, with the mean 2 flu es increased from .0 0. 2 1 2 1 nmol m h at 15 to 315 .3 3 55. nmol m h at 35 . owever, the outhern 2 flu es decreased with temperature rising gradient, from the from the 233.2 2 1. nmol m 2 h 1 at 15 to the 1 2. 1 2.3 nmol m 2 1 2 1 h at 35 . In the period of inundation, northern 2 flu es increased from 1. 51 .5 nmol m h at 15 2 1 to 1023. 1 00.1 nmol m h at 35 with temperature gradient, and the outhern 2 flu es decreased from the highest flu es .0 305.5 nmol m 2 h 1 at 15 to .0 .5 nmol m 2 h 1 at 35 . oastal sediments from different climatic ones varied in responses to increasing temperature. nder global ongoing warming condition, high latitude coasts would act as important potential 2 sources. dversely, the flu of 2 from low latitude coastal sediments may decrease with the increasing temperature. In addition, the influence of the flooding e hibited negative correlation with increasing temperature among the mostly studying sites. emperature and tidal fluctuation have a combined impact on 2 budget at coastal wetland. nd, the balance of 2 production and consumption determine the varied 2 emission from different soils responding with increasing temperature.
I r. ang is a professor with 1 years of e perience on carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycling at angt e delta. e has e tensive e perience with greenhouse gases production and emission from river and wetland and the nitrogen removal by wetland, and has led pro ects.
ontact Information ong i ang, chool of eographical sciences, ast hina ormal niversity, 500 ongchuan oad, hanghai, hina 2002 1
180 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
on j n an a k Rive i Ri a on u e niversity etland enter, icholas chool of the nvironment, u e niversity, urham, ,
Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the arth s crust. It plays fundamental roles in regulating biological and physical processes in many ecosystems. tudies have showed that iron e can substantially stabili e organic carbon in mineral rich soils. Recently a study suggests that Fe even could protect carbon via an ‘iron gate’ mechanism during drought in organic rich wetland soil. Coupled with a “soil moisture gate” theory that low soil moisture limits phenolic o idase activity and decomposition in unsaturated peatlands, it appears that 1 double gates against short term drought might e ist in some organic rich soils, particularly peatlands and 2 minerotrophic fens with substantial e inputs li ely present higher resilience to drought than oligotrophic bogs.
To test whether the ‘iron gate’ mechanism can protect carbon in organic rich wetlands, we 1 set up a manipulation e periment by adding ferrous iron to a high lignin and low e peatland soil, and 2 measured dissolved e in pore water from additional peatlands in orth and outh merica. ur results indicate that e actually stimulates carbon decomposition in peatlands during either flooding or drought, which is in line with other findings in humid tropical forest soil, but contrary to the ‘iron gate’ mechanism. In organic rich soils, phenolics principally control carbon decay. lthough drought induced e o idation reduces phenol o idase activity, thus decreasing the o idation of phenolics, simultaneously e o idation precipitates phenolics, which disables the carbon protection mechanism. he conflicting processes affecting the availability of phenolics in peatlands indicates that the ‘iron gate’ mechanism is probably not applicable in peatlands.
I r. ong un ang is a biogeochemist. e has been wor ing on biogeochemical cycles of , and in freshwater wetlands, especially in peatlands and riparian littoral terrestrial a uatic ecotone for more than 10 years. e has published more than 10 peer reviewed papers as first author in top ournals, including ature limate hange, tmospheric hemistry and hysics, tmospheric nvironment and ournal of eophysical esearch etc.
ontact Information ong un ang, u e niversity etland enter, icholas chool of the nvironment, o 0333, u e niversity, urham, 2 0 ,
181 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
i in an tate ey aboratory of egetation and nvironmental Change, Institute of otany, Chinese cademy of ciences, ei ing, China
ost forests worldwide are located in upland landscapes. pland forests are traditionally thought to be net sin s for atmospheric methane C . revious studies have mainly focused on ground C flu in upland forests, and living tree stem based C processes and flu es are thus relatively poorly understood. Recently, we measured in i C flu es from the stems of living trees in upland forests using a static closed chamber method, and investigated the relationship between C concentration and water content in the heartwood of living trees. e found that appro imately – of tree stems or appro imately – of tree species had a substantial C concentration of ≥10000 μL L– in their heartwood across the mid temperate, warm temperate, and sub tropical upland forests. The stems of o l avi iana emitted the large uantities of C , amounting to mean annual emissions of – μg m– h– during uly – uly on a stem surface area basis. The emission rates were similar in magnitude to those from tree stems in wetlands. The emitted C was derived from the heartwood of stems. n a avi iana dominated ecosystem scale, annual stem C emissions were e uivalent to of the amount of C consumed by soils. The heartwood C concentration was related to water content by a power function. threshold of water content occurred beyond which C was produced at high levels in the heartwood. Temperature was not a limiting factor for C production during the summer and autumn seasons, and thus most of the C production may be e plained by water content in the heartwood of living trees in upland forests.
etailed results related to this abstract can be found in ang et al., ew hytologist – , doi . nph. ournal eophysical Research iogeosciences – , doi . .
I r. ang is a professor with e tensive e perience in studying methane in terrestrial ecosystems, and has led more than pro ects dedicated to measuring and investigating the processes and flu es of methane.
Contact Information hi ing ang, tate ey aboratory of egetation and nvironmental Change, Institute of otany, Chinese cademy of ciences, an incun , iangshan, ei ing , China
182 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
i ael R e el a eve one an ellie i on
en o om n e imali
183 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
o n R i e ia R an o e a ian
184 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
enjamin il on el e vai ean a le iviana a ei e en E avi Evel n ai e eve ell o n omino ki i o e a en enni e Ri a avi R ni k e kla o e a elek an i an o le
referred to as “peat collapse” and hypothesized to be the result of a rapid shift in soil C balance, leading to a net
presence of live sawgrass “pedestals” in the brackish portions of the Everglades where it ap
185 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
iao avannah iver Ecology aboratory niversity of eorgia, iken, C
he wetland syste was constructed to treat building process water and stor runoff water fro the ritiu rocessing acility on the avannah iver ite iken, C onthly onitoring of Cu and n concentrations, and water uality para eters te perature, p , , alkalinity, C, sulfate, chloride in surface waters continued fro to ater sa ples were collected at the source pipes, retention basin, influent and effluent connected to wetland cells, and the discharge strea etal speciation was odeled by verall, the wetland syste functioned well otal Cu and n concentrations released to the effluent strea were below the E li it, and the average re oval efficiency was for Cu and for n ulfate co pounds were consumed by the wetland during the “warm” season (Feb. to Aug.) since sulfate concentrations in the effluent were lower than the influent igh te perature, ade uate labile organic atters, and anaerobic conditions favored sulfate reduction that produced sulfide inerals to co pletely re ove etals fro the water column. However, sulfate compounds were produced during the “cold” season (Sept. to next Mar.) when the do inant reaction in sulfur cycling shifted to sulfide o idation elatively high concentrations of etal organic co ple es, especially etal and fulvic acid co ple es were also e plored during this ti e, de onstrating increasing reactions between etals and organic atters hus, adsorption to organic atter beca e the pri ary process for re oval n su ary, the etal re oval process in wetland was seasonal and regulated by sulfur cycling lthough the wetland continued to successfully re ove etals during the sa pling occasions, long ter sustainability still needs to be closely onitored n addition, the etal accu ulation in the wetland syste ay cause negative effects to the surrounding environ ent as they are biologically reactive, highly bioavailable, and can be easily transferred to terrestrial ecosyste s by trophic e change
Contact nfor ation r iaoyu u, niversity of eorgia, iken, C nited tates
186 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
i an e E a llen a kni in an ao an ei an i ey aboratory of oastal etlands iogeosciences, ingdao nstitute of Marine eology, hina eologic Survey, ingdao, . . hina aboratory for Marine eology, ingdao ational aboratory for Marine Science and echnology, ingdao, , . . hina School of the oast nvironment, epartment of nvironmental Sciences, ouisiana State niversity, aton ouge, ouisiana, SA Aarhus niversity, epartment of ioscience, lant iology, Aarhus, enmar
he carbon se uestration rate ( S ) in deltaic wetalands is associated with the nutrient balance, sediment (soil) accretion rate (SA ), and geological and climatic conditions. o explore these relationships, micronutrients , , and concentrations and ages determined by either dating mar paleosol or radiometric dating with s and b from cores of both the ellow iver elta ( ) and the iaohe elta ( H ) wetlands in and , repectively, were analy ed. ith the exeption of a, the concentrations of , org, u, n, Fe, Mn, Mg, , Al, and hydrogen ions (H ) were significantly higher in the wetland soils of the H than the , but the organic S s were virtually identical at the two sets of sites, about g m– y– at sites above mean sea level (MS ). SA and organic S at H sites below MS were about . times the corresponding rates at sites above MS . SA and total S were much higher in the than the H because of the much greater accumulation rate of a in the . he organic S s were primary controlled by SA in both detaic wetand systems. However, organic S s in the H wetlands were much more sensitive to the changes of SA s than in the .
io r. Siyuan e Senior Scientist and the irector of ey aboratory of oastal etland iogeosciences, hina eological Survey ( S). She has been wor ed as a coastal wetland scientist with the nstitute of Marine eology, S for years. iogeochemistry and carbon cycle are her specialities certified by her more than ournal articles both in hinese and nglish.
ontact nformation Fu hou oad, ingdao, Shandong rovince ( ip code ), . . hina
187 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
ominik ak il Ro en ik Re e o ia ol amme a alie enne i eeman i o ia n e el e
a e a o in a a
er 15 years’ experience in freshwater and wetland
188 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
i an an illiam i er lades etland esearch ar l rida lf ast ni ersity aples
acr phytes c nities play si nificant r les in the car n and n trient dyna ics f treat ent wetlands and their de el p ent is lar ely infl enced y the hydr l ical re i e his st dy in esti ated seas nal ariati ns f the acr phyte c nities f ha f r an r n ff treat ent wetlands at ha reed ar aples l rida y inte ratin real ti e hydr l ical data n the site with hi h res l ti n aerial ph t raphy and r nd tr th field s r eys e raphic inf r ati n syste is sed t create acr phytes c nity p ly ns and t extract the p ly ns int ect rs f r the spatial analysis d rin dry and wet seas ns patial analysis sh wed that the shall w areas were d inated y nine acr phyte c nities d inated y alia eni la e Eleo a i ell lo e on e e ia o a a and la i m jamai en e which were planted in and ani m e en ikania an en and a spp which ha e since c l ni ed the wetlands he deepwater areas were d inated y m aea o o a a a l ea and ani m e en in the dry seas n acr phyte c nity str ct re in the shall w areas chan ed si nificantly in the dry seas n f arch 1 c pared t the wet seas n in ct er 1 especially t re c l ni in y ani m e en ikania an en and a spp his st dy c ntri tes directly t nderstandin e etati n c nity dyna ics d rin dry and wet seas n shifts which will lead t ec l ically ri r s ana e ent f the treat ent wetland e etati n t pti i e its als f water ality i pr e ent hydr l ic ana e ent and pr tecti n f aesthetics f r the par
c n wled ent his pr ect was s pp rt y the llier nty he a th rs sincerely appreciate the assistance y rad ate st dents and isitin scientists at er lades etland esearch ar in se eral field s r eys f the reed ar wetland e etati n and hydr l y
r han is ssistant irect r f er lades etland esearch ar at l rida lf ast ni ersity with re than 1 years f experience plannin and i ple entin wetlands c nstr cti n pr ects he has extensi e experience with wetland and ri er rest rati n and has experience with watershed hydr l y and dellin
ntact nf r ati n i han er lades etland esearch ar aysh re ir e aples 11
189 12th International Symposium on Biogeochemistry of Wetlands
a kle alone even e a e a lo liva n in ao e o a i ina a amme 1 l rida nternati nal ni ersity ia i he ni ersity f la a a scal sa
e exa ined the relati nship etween extre e e ents and car n di xide exchan e rates acr ss a r ec syste s in er lades ati nal ar hese p lse e ents are partic larly i p rtant f r nderstandin h w freshwater arsh and an r e d inated ec syste s will adapt t sea le el rise and cli ate chan e in this l w ele ati n s tr pical wetland c plex r d cti ity acr ss the er lades pea s near the c ast an r es where the s pply f fr seawater is alanced y freshwater s pplies r d cti ity is reatest in an r e f rests 1 yr 1 c pared t l n and sh rt hydr peri d freshwater arsh ec syste s that 1 ran e fr ein a s all sin t a s all s rce f 11– 11 yr ann ally lth h cli ate and hydr l y are a r dri ers f ec syste str ct re and f ncti n dist r ance re i es i e dr ht extre e fl din h rricanes l w te perat re e ents and fire interact with hydr l y t dify p p lati ns c nities and ec syste s acr ss the c astal radient ecent l i thern scillati n cycles 1 and l w te perat re e ents 1 ha e pr ided i p rtant pp rt nities t expl re ariati n in ec syste sensiti ity t dist r ances and rec ery tra ect ries in freshwater arsh and an r e f rests
n l rida fl ct ati ns in precipitati n patterns cc r with chan es in the l i s thern scillati n phases hile l i e ents c cc r with wetter than a era e c nditi ns a i a phases are ass ciated with drier than a era e c nditi ns nder n r al c nditi ns sh rt hydr peri d freshwater arshes ha e hi her pr d cti ity rates d rin the dry seas n while l n hydr peri d freshwater arshes exhi it reater pr d cti ity rates d rin the wet seas n his site specific seas nality in pr d cti ity is dri en y chan es in hydr l y and as a res lt phases either a nify r te seas nal pr d cti ity rates a i a phases were c nc rrent with increased pr d cti ity in sh rt hydr peri d freshwater arshes c pared t l i and ne tral years he excepti nally wet year ass ciated with an l i phase led t reater pr d cti ity in the l n hydr peri d freshwater arsh hen it c es t l w te perat re e ents 5 th water le els and distance fr the c ast infl enced ec syste sensiti ity hile the l n hydr peri d freshwater arsh ained re car n d rin l w te perat re e ents d e t the hi her li ht le els an r e f rest had the reatest car n 1 l st 11 l w te perat re e ent cr ss dist r ance types hydr l y played a a r r le in deter inin the de ree f exp s re and theref re the sensiti ity t dist r ance
r n in ha is a p std ct ral ass ciate w r in n a pr ect re ardin reenh se as e issi n in the er lades wetlands e has years f experiences in st dyin wetland and exchan e at ec syste and plant scale
ntact nf r ati n n in ha epart ent f i l y l rida nternati nal ni ersity 11 th ia i 1
190 April 23-26, 2018 | Coral Springs, Florida, USA
i a ei an e man olin a n e i ael anna E ik a e ol i an en e kla
la i m jamai en e
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Notes
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