Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011 – 2021

Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management P l a n n i n g Co m m i t t e e Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire

© Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning Committee 2011

ISBN

Disclaimer This publication is distributed on the terms and understanding that the authors, consultants, editors and publisher are not responsible for the results of any actions taken on the basis of information in this publication or for any error in or omission from this publication.

Acknowledgements CFA Public Affairs, Fire Services Commissioner and DHS for the use of the photographs in this publication. Contents

Section Page 1.0 Introduction 4 2.0 Vision and regional fire management objectives 8 3.0 Bushfire risk in the Hume Region (environmental scan) 10 4.0 Fire management risks 14 5.0 Fire management strategies 16 6.0 Engagement and communication 26 7.0 Municipal fire management planning 28 8.0 Improvement (pan reporting and review processes) 29 9.0 Glossary 30 10.0 References 31 11.0 Appendices 32

Appendices Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire 11.1 Emergency management arrangements in Victoria 33 11.2 Committee roles and responsibilities 34 11.3 Plan development 35 11.4 Fire management activities 36 11.5 Stakeholder analysis 38 11.6 Climate change data 40 11.7 Population profile 41 11.8 Bushfire starts 42 11.9 Hume Region major bushfires map 43 11.10 Hume Region bushfire history 44 11.11 Fire sector bushfire policies and plans 48 11.12 Municipal bushfire policies and plans 50

1 Figure 1: Hume Region Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire

2 Foreword

The Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management I join with the members of the regional committee in promoting this Planning Committee is responsible for providing a document. We see the implementation of this plan as an important step in the ongoing journey of securing a safer region, more resilient strategic and integrated approach to fire management community, healthier environment and a prosperous economy. in the Hume Region. This task is part of a statewide framework established under the Emergency Management Act (1986), supported and guided by the State Fire Management Planning Committee.

This plan has been developed by the Hume regional committee to be endorsed by the state committee as a key tool for providing this Alan Davies | Chairperson regional direction. It provides a plan for how regional authorities, local Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management governments, fire agencies and other relevant organisations can work Planning Committee together to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, major bushfire events. While the management of all types of fires is important, this document has focused on bushfire in the first instance. The life “It provides a plan for how regional authorities, of this plan is ten years, supported by reviews as needed. It is local governments, fire agencies and other Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire envisaged that future updates of this plan will include planning for other types of fires such as structural fires (building fires). relevant organisations can work together to It is important to note that this plan recognises, but does not effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover duplicate, the extensive work already being undertaken in fire from, major bushfire events.” management across this region. This document is essentially a plan for improving the integration of this existing work and developing new ways of working together.

3 1.0 Introduction

Victoria has a long and proud history of the community, government and organisations working together in preventing, Figure 2: IFMP committee structure preparing and responding to the threat of bushfire. However, Advises the Minister for Police Emergency Services on the recent challenges such the decade of dry conditions, an Victoria Emergency condition of agencies in relation to prevention response Management Council increase of people living in high risk areas and the occurrence and recovery for all emergencies, including fire of a number of major fires, prompted the need for increased coordination and cooperation to secure fire safety across Victoria. State Fire Management Ensures a consistent, sustainable and integrated In response to these challenges the Victorian Government established an Integrated Planning Committee approach to fire management planning across Victoria Fire Management Planning (IFMP) Framework for Victoria in 2008.

IFMP aims to achieve a consistent and effective means for fire management Provide a regional forum to build and sustain Regional Strategic Fire planning within Victoria through a commitment to cooperation, including organisational partnerships with regards to fire Management Planning 1 management; and ensure that municipal fire information sharing and the building of collective knowledge. Committees management plans are consistent with regional planning This framework provides structures, policies and procedures to help build on the Provide a municipal level forum to build and sustain existing spirit of cooperation and networks that already exist in fire management. Municipal Fire organisational partnerships with regards to fire Management Planning Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire It establishes a state committee and regional and municipal committees to govern fire management; and ensure that plans of individual Committees management in Victoria (see Appendix 11.1, page 33). The Hume Regional Strategic agencies are linked to and complement each other Fire Management Planning Committee is one of eight regional committees operating across Victoria. As part of implementing the IFMP Framework the regional committees are required to Fire management is all activities associated with the management of fire on land. prepare a ten year regional strategic fire management plan. These regional plans have Under IFMP it is the responsibility of the fire management committees to deliver and a strategic focus on preventing and minimising the impact of bushfire. They identify support integrated fire management. See Figure 2 (page 4) and Figure 3 (page 6) and broad fire management risks across the regions in Victoria and identify strategies for Appendix 11.2 (page 34) of this document for more information. addressing these issues in a collaborative manner.

1 the Integrated Fire Management Planning Framework, State Fire Management Planning Committee, 2008

This plan recognises, but does not duplicate, existing fire management work. This plan details new work that is needed to strengthen and improve fire management in the Hume Region.

4 This plan has been developed by the Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Organisations and agencies involved in fire management already have a range of Planning Committee to guide the delivery of IFMP in this region. It has been activities, plans, policies and procedures that are directly involved with, or impact on, developed in accordance with the guidance provided by the State Fire Management fire management. This plan builds on this existing work, which is summarised in the Planning Committee; as detailed in the State Fire Management Strategy 2009 2 and following appendices. the State guidelines for integrated fire management planning.3 • Appendix 11.4: Fire management activities, page 36 The Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning Committee is made up of • Appendix 11.5: Stakeholder analysis, page 38 representatives from the fire management sector across the Hume Region. This sector • Appendix 11.11: Fire sector policies and plans, page 48 includes the fire agencies (CFA and the Department of Sustainability and Environment) and other organisations that assist people impacted by bushfire and organisations that • Appendix 11.12: Municipal policies and plans, page 50 manage assets at risk from bushfire. The role of the regional fire management planning committees is to facilitate This plan was developed using the IFMP planning process as shown in Appendix 11.3 collaboration across agencies and organisations. Individual organisations like municipal (page 35). This process involved analysing risk using the AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 councils, government departments and service providers, remain responsible for the approach to risk management; in consideration of the prevention, preparedness, direction and work of their own programs, but will be influenced by the regional response, recovery elements commonly considered in fire management. collaboration and cooperation developed through the implementation of this plan. • Prevention – minimising the incidence of fire • Preparedness – being prepared to fight fires that might occur

• Response – fighting fires when they occur Membership of the Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire • Recovery – being able to return to normal after a fire Management Planning Committee 4 This document has also been developed around the concept of resilience. Risk • Municipal Councils and Alpine Resort Management Boards management is a process of anticipating and treating identified risks, but ideas about • Country Fire Authority (CFA) building resilience pushes this risk management process to plan for the unexpected. • Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE) • Parks Victoria (PV) • Department Human Services (DHS) 2 State Fire Management Strategy 2009, State Fire Management Planning Committee, 2009 • Department Planning and Community Development (DPCD) 3 integrated Fire Management Planning Guide, State Fire Management Planning Committee, 2010 4 municipal councils and the Alpine Resort areas are grouped together in four distinct sub regions. • Department Primary Industries (DPI) Each sub region has a single representative on the Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning • State Emergency Service (SES) Committee, representing all local governments and Alpine resort management boards in that sub region. • Victoria Police (VicPol) • VicRoads • Goulburn Valley Water (GVW) • Goulburn Murray Water (GMW) • Northeast Water (NE Water) • SP Ausnet • Telstra • Vline 5 Figure 3: Victorian Management Plans and Policies

State and Federal Legislation Emergency Emergency Management Act. 1986, CFA Act Management State Fire 1958 and environmental legislation. Manual Victoria Management Strategy Fire management State Policies and Plans arrangements DHS Bushfire Response Client Service Policy Living with Fire: Victoria’s Bushfire Strategy

Emergency Management Regional Strategic Fire Organisational Plans, Planning Other hazards Management Plan Policies and Strategies such as floods Regional eg. – DES Fire Protection Plan Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire – SP-Ausnet Bushfire Mitigation Strategy – NE Water NE Region Emergency Management Plan

Sub regional eg. – CFA Wildfire Response Plans Municipal Municipal Fire – DSE Fire Operations Plans Emergency – VicPol Operation Cinder Management Plan Management Plan Local eg. – CFA Township Protection Plans – CFA Brigade Plans

See Appendices 11.11 (page 48) and 11.12 (page 50) for more examples of relevant plans and policies and strategies

Fire Management Local Plans Planning These manage specific risks identified

Guide

Inform

6 7 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 2.0 Vision and regional fire management objectives Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire OUR VISION The State Fire Management Strategy 2009 5 developed by the State Fire Management The Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning Committee has used this Planning Committee, provides a structure for considering fire management activities. statewide direction to develop a vision statement and regional fire management objectives for the Hume Region. This state strategy provides a vision that fire management in Victoria delivers: The strategic direction statements that support these objectives provide a picture of the • active participation of community, the fire sector and government working characteristics of fire management planning that are needed to achieve these objectives. together in fire management planning to reduce the destructive impact of fire on communities and the environment; • communities that are resilient to the effects of fire; • greater understanding of the fire sector within the community; and Hume Regional Fire Management Vision • healthy natural social built and economic environments. The Hume Region working together to effectively anticipate, respond The strategy also separates the implementation of integrated fire management to and recover from major bushfire – to secure a safer region, more into five main themes: Planning together, Collaborative implementation, Building resilient community, healthier environment and a prosperous economy. knowledge, Building capability, Using fire.

5 State Fire Management Strategy 2009, State Fire Management Planning Committee, 2009 8 Regional Fire Management Objectives

Objective 1: Planning together Objective 4: Building capability Develop state, regional, municipal and local fire management plans and Improve the capability of communities, the fire management sector and the planning with a clear purpose and a consistent assessment of risk. government to deal with fires. Strategic direction: Strategic direction: Ensure state, regional, municipal and local fire management plans: a) Communicating fire risk and who is vulnerable; a) link with a common purpose; b) Sharing knowledge and information; b) apply a consistent method of identifying people, locations, industries and c) Building skills; infrastructure that are at risk from fire; d) Being prepared for and being able to recover from fires; c) incorporate other emergency hazards where relevant; e) adequate resources to address fire risk issues; and d) are available to all interested parties; and f) implementing continuous improvement information. e) Support the health of our natural, economic, social and cultural environments. Objective 5: Using fire Objective 2: Collaborative implementation Using fire to support the health of environmental, social and Develop and implement fire management programs and activities in a economic environments. collaborative manner. Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Strategic direction: Strategic direction: a) Supporting the appropriate use of fire for environmental, social or economic reasons. a) Consulting the community and the wider fire management sector, including cross border agencies; Objective 6: Implementation support b) Representing fire management issues in relevant regional forums; c) Consistent policies, procedures and messages; Support the implementation of the Integrated Fire Management Planning d) access to regional fire management information; Framework in the Hume Region e) Joint monitoring and review; Strategic direction: f) establishing and maintaining effective dispute solution processes; and g) Communicating the roles and responsibilities of fire sector agencies and the community. a) maintaining a wide representation of organisations involved in fire management on the Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Committee; b) ensuring this committee is adequately resourced to carry out its functions; Objective 3: Building knowledge c) Communicating this plan to relevant stakeholders; and Build and share knowledge in the fire management sector and across the community d) overseeing and supporting the development and implementation of municipal fire management planning. Strategic direction: a) Developing and maintaining a good understanding of fire risk in and adjacent to the Hume Region; b) maintaining systems of communication, information flow and documentation; c) Value and maintain corporate memory and past experience; d) access to current research and leading examples of practice; and e) Community and staff education. 9 3.0 Bushfire risk in the Hume Region (environmental scan)

Bushfire risk is the chance that lives and assets, such as property Fire behaviour and economic, social, environmental assets are impacted as a Fire behaviour is influenced by three main factors that work together to spread fire; result of a bushfire. The concept of risk has two elements; the fuel, weather and topography. How hot a fire burns and how quickly it spreads likelihood of something happening and the consequences of an depend on the slope of the ground and the size, quantity, type, arrangement and moisture content of the fuel being burnt. event if it happens. The vegetation in the Hume Region is principally divided along the Hume Freeway. Bushfire can occur in any type of vegetation, such as grasslands, trees, crops or Most of the land east of the Freeway is part of the Great Dividing Range. These shrubs. This section describes the Hume Region and factors that increase the mountains and foothills are covered with dry and wet sclerophyll (hard leaves) likelihood of a fire starting and spreading across this area. Ensuring our region is a safe forests. Most of the land west of the Hume Highway is dominated by grasslands and and healthy place to live and work, involves protecting the social, environmental, and cropping, with pockets of trees and forest, and tree lined roadsides. economic health of our region. While the wet sclerophyll forests are usually less flammable than the dry forests, The Hume Region covers approximately 44,800 square kilometres across twelve during drought conditions the wet forests can sustain large uncontrollable fires that local government and four Alpine Resort Board areas; stretching from the fringe of have high flame heights, high radiant heat levels and a significant threat from embers Melbourne to the Murray River and across the Alpine areas and the Goulburn Valley. starting spot fires well ahead of the main fire front. It is approximately 20 percent of the total area of Victoria. The Hume Region is home to approximately 260,000 people. It is predicted to grow to 400,000 people by 2036.6 For example, the Mt Gordon fire tower observer gave the following account of the Murrindindi fire burning in forest near Marysville to the 2009 Victorian Bushfires

Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire This region has a range of assets that make the region a vibrant place. These include Royal Commission. larger townships and smaller communities, agriculture and tourism. They also include natural assets such as good quality water, large areas of native forest and infrastructure “It is beyond description. This thing was huge, absolutely huge. I can’t explain it. such as road and rail corridors that are valued for their environmental value and visual And it was alive. This thing was just full of ember, ash, burning materials. 7 appeal as well as their use for transport and the provision of essential services. This thing was absolutely alive.” In 2010 the Department of Planning and Community Development released a strategy for development that outlines the characteristics of this region.6 This strategy identified that the Hume Region has: • Four distinct but interconnected sub regions, with the joint capacity for growth similar to major regional Victorian cities; • High performance interstate road and rail transport routes along the Hume and Goulburn Valley transport corridors; • High quality water resources, rivers, streams and water storages; • Pristine environments and landscapes; and • A diverse economic base that includes manufacturing, agriculture, food processing, human, health and education services networks and facilities, tourism and logistics industries. The Hume Region has experienced a number of significant fires (see Appendices 11.8, 11.9, 11.10, pages 42 – 47). This fire history, topography, climate and the large number of people living and visiting high fire risk locations during the fire danger period, makes bushfire a real issue for this region. 10 The dry forests that usually occur on the local foothills also present a fire safety Bushfire ignitions challenge. While the fuel loads may not be as high as wet forests, fire suppression is Understanding how bushfires start is an important part of understanding fire risk still difficult. Given that these forests will easily burn most summers, fire management in this region. Bushfires can be ignited by natural means such as lightning, or by in and near dry forests is an annual task. accidental or deliberate human means. The threat of bushfire in the Hume Region is not confined to forest environments. Accidental ignitions come from machinery, powerlines, campfires, burn escapes. The main bushfire threat west of the Hume Freeway is a fast moving grassfire. Deliberate ignitions (arson) also occur. Lightning is a leading cause of bushfire in the While grassfires may have lower flame heights and lower intensity than forest Hume Region (see Figure 4, page 12). However, the combined ignition from human fires, the combination of open ground and fine fuels can produce very fast moving sources is the most frequent cause of bushfires in this region. destructive fires. This speed can catch people and stock in the open without protection from the fire. Weather conditions and climate also impact on fire management. For example, People the Hume Region has a long bushfire danger period with fire danger restrictions The Hume Region has people with different perspectives and different needs usually in place from November until mid April, depending on the prevailing weather (see Figure 5, page 13) in regards to fire and fire safety. Understanding these conditions. The region also has a pattern of spring rainfall that promotes grass growth differences is central to delivering effective community fire safety initiatives. This accompanied by hot dry summers, resulting in high fuel loads. is particularly important in this region where a number of people have experienced major fires in the past ten years. The usual weather pattern during the summer months is north westerly winds accompanied by high daytime temperatures, low relative humidity and a south

The impact of a bushfire increases if the fire occurs in areas where people live, work Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire westerly wind change later in the day. This has a particular fire risk in that a fire that and visit. Consequently, settlement patterns are important when understanding is burning during the day will turn direction; and what was the side of the fire will bushfire risk. There is a significant population expansion on the edges of Melbourne become a large fire front when the wind change happens. and major regional cities, including Wodonga and Shepparton, and in and around other rural townships for lifestyle reasons. These patterns of human settlement in the The hilly and mountainous terrain in the Hume Region also presents firefighting Hume Region have increased the amount of urban rural interface land that requires challenges. Hills and mountains can cause local winds resulting in erratic fire intensive fire management. behaviour. 8 They can also restrict access when fighting, or escaping from, a bushfire. Tourism also has a considerable impact on population patterns during the fire danger period. While overall tourism numbers have declined across regional Victoria Climate change during the past decade (1999 – 2009) 10, tourism continues to have significant fire With current trends in climatic conditions (Appendix 11.6, page 40) and research management implications. modelling predicting that climate change will lead to an increase the number of Tourism increases the population significantly during the summer months when fire extreme fire danger days, we can expect that the impact of fire in the Hume Region risk is at its peak. Often these areas are also high fire risk locations. For example, the to become an increasingly important issue. population of the popular holiday town of Bright increases from 2,500 residents to Climate change projections indicate that south-eastern Australia is likely to become approximately 15,000 people at peak tourist times.11 hotter and drier in future. A study conducted in 2005 found that the number of ‘very high’ and ‘extreme’ fire danger days could increase by 4–25 percent by 2020 and 9 15–70 percent by 2050. 6 the Hume Strategy for sustainable communities, DPCD, 2010 7 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission Final Report Volume 1T he fires and the fire-related deaths 8 grassfires, fuel, weather and fire behaviour, Cheney and Sullivan, ICS RO Publishing, 1997 9 Data source CFA Fire Incident Reporting System – August 2010 10 tourism Victoria Market Profile YearE nding December 2009: http://www.tourism.vic.gov.au 11 Bright Community Awareness Information, Township Protection Plans, 2010/11 11 Upper Hume sub region * Goulburn Valley sub region * (Indigo, Towong and Wodonga) (Shepparton, Moira, Strathbogie) The Upper Hume sub region has a land area of 19,150 square kilometres and The Goulburn Valley sub region has a land area of 9,768 square kilometres and a a population of approximately 56,100 people. This sub region has an ageing population of approximately 97,100 people. There is population decline in smaller population; except Wodonga that has a higher than average number of people in the rural communities and strong growth in major centres. Overall population growth 18 to 34 age bracket. Most of the population is concentrated in Wodonga and smaller rates are steady. The Goulburn Valley has a strong rural economy based on irrigated surrounding townships. Key industries include manufacturing, retail, healthcare and dryland agriculture, grazing, viticulture and equine industries. The region is of and public administration, grazing and tourism. This sub region contains important national significance for dairying and horticulture and supports a large fruit and water resources including Dartmouth Dam and Lake Hume the Murray River; and vegetable processing industry. This sub region is also distinguished by its cultural Mitta Mitta River; and environmental features such as the Alpine National Park and a diversity. The Hume strategy for sustainable communities also included statistics and number of other national and state parks and forests. information for the Shire of Campaspe, which has been removed from this document because Campaspe is not within the Hume Region. Lower Hume sub region * (Mitchell and Murrindindi; plus Lake Mountain Resort Area) The Lower Hume sub region has a land area 6,734 square kilometres and a population Figure 4: Cause of fire ignitions (bushfires over 1 Ha) of approximately 46,200 people. The sub region has a disperse population with no Hume Region 2000 – 20109

Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire dominant town. It is the fastest growing sub region in the Hume Region, particularly Cause Percentage in the townships of Kilmore, Wallan, and in the future Beveridge. Lake Eildon and Lightning 17 Kinglake National Park and Cathedral Ranges State Park and the Lake Mountain Resort Area are major tourist attractions. This sub region is the closely connected to Vehicle 15 the outer metropolitan growth corridors of Melbourne. Inadequate control of open fire 13 Ignition factor undetermined 11 Central Hume sub region * Suspicious 10 (Alpine, Benalla, Mansfield and Wangaratta; plus Mt Hotham, Falls Operational deficiency and improper start shut down 5 Creek and Mt Buller Alpine Resort Areas) High wind 5 The Central Hume sub region has a land area 14,621 square kilometres and a Re-kindled from a previous fire 4 population of approximately 62,000 people. This sub region is attracting ‘tree Cutting, welding 3 changers’ and retirees but there is a movement of young people out of the area for Part failure, leak, break 3 education and employment opportunities. The Mansfield area is popular for holiday homes with a high proportion on non-resident home owners. Water resources are an Unattended fire 2 important feature. Lake Eildon and the headwaters of Upper Kiewa, Ovens, Goulburn Other ignitions factors 14 Broken and Delatite Rivers are located in this sub region. The upper catchments of Total 100 the Broken Goulburn Rivers provide 11 percent of the Murray Darling Basin’s water. Manufacturing is the largest employer, followed by retail, health and community services. The area has a strong tourism and accommodation industry based on snow sports, nature based recreation, wine and food. Agriculture is still important but its contribution is declining. *Information from the Hume Strategy for sustainable communities. See Figure 1: Hume Region, page 2, for the location of sub regions. 12 Figure 5: Hume Region Community Profile

Audience Description Directly fire affected • Residents directly affected by bushfires in the past 10 years Nearly impacted • Residents on the edge of fires in the past 10 years • Received a warning of fire, nearly impacted Heightened awareness • Residents who have a real risk of bushfire • Residents with perceived risk, often because they have friends and family in risk areas General public • Have not been directly affected by bushfire. • Larger regional towns and rural farmland. Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire • Normal fire safety messages apply Tourists • Local and international visitors and tourist operators, campers, cyclists and motorists Absentee landowners • Holiday home owners Special needs and • Schools, kindergartens, childcare centres, vulnerable aged care facilities, hospitals, prisons, community care clients CFA and SES volunteers • General members and leadership teams • CFA brigades are often the main CFA contact for the public Business and industries • Public and private businesses and services • May have fire safety responsibilities for clients and staff

13 4.0 Fire management risks

Fire management is the range of activities that organisations and The following issues were also identified as specific fire management individuals undertake to manage fire on land. Fire management risks risks in the Hume Region. are issues that may delay or prevent effective fire management. The risk of failing to: As part of developing this plan, the Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning 1. identify and communicate where high risk areas are and who is vulnerable in Committee identified the following fire management risks as issues that may delay or these areas; prevent integrated fire management in the Hume Region.A ddressing these issues is the 2. apply a consistent assessment of fire risk to achieve a consistent prioritisation purpose of this plan. of actions; 3. identify critical industries and essential services in fire management mapping and The overarching risk identified was the risk of being unable to planning; effectively anticipate, respond and recover from a major bushfire. 4. meet the expectations of regional communities and the fire management sector in regards to prevention, preparedness, response and recovery; 5. Communicate effectively across the fire sector and with the community; 6. Plan for fire risks in adjacent areas; 7. link fire management to wider emergency management planning

Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire (e.g. using an all hazards approach); 8. Conduct integrated training and exercises; 9. Have sufficient resources to implement fire management activities and IFMP; 10. Use fire management resources and IFMP resources efficiently and effectively; 11. Have standard procedures and protocols for the implementation of IFMP; 12. Have access to current knowledge to support effective fire management; 13. adequately support municipal fire management planning; and 14. Develop structures to support fire management planning on private land for wider public safety.

There is also the risk of: 15. Possible conflict between fire management and economic, social or environmental values; 16. the potential loss of biodiversity, water quality or water quantity; 17. Plans not being accepted by agencies and the community; 18. the risk of organisations and the community developing complacent attitudes about fire management across time; and

Photo courtesy of the Fire Services Commissioner 19. Having relevant organisations with limited involvement, or no participation, in IFMP. 14 15 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 5.0 Fire Management Strategies

This section outlines the strategies and new activities (risk treatments) developed by the Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning Committee to address the risks identified in Section 4.0 (see page 14). The strategies have been grouped into four tables to make them easier to use.

• Table A – Planning together • Table B – Working together • Table C – Continuous improvement • Table D – Regional communication

Structure of Tables The structure of the strategies and activities tables (Tables A, B, C, D) is shown in Figure 6, page 17. The tables are made up of the following elements.

Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire • Vision – outlining where the region wants to be in the future • Objectives – what needs to be achieved to reach the vision • Identified fire management risk – issues or elements that may stop the region achieving the identified fire management objectives • Strategy – a way of addressing the risks identified • Activities – projects and actions that will achieve the strategy • Outcome – what will be delivered after this work is complete See Appendix 11.5 (Stakeholder analysis, page 38) for details about the acronyms used in this section (eg. Parks Victoria PV).

16 Figure 6: Structure of the strategies and activities tables

Vision Regional Fire Management Objectives The Hume Region working together to effectively anticipate, respond to 1. Plan together 4. Building capability and recover from major bushfire – to secure a safer region, more resilient 2. Collaborative implementation 5. Using fire community, healthier environment and a prosperous economy. 3. Building knowledge 6. Implementation support

Objectives Identified Risk Strategy Activities Outcome To address risks Met

A1 – a) Complete Hume Region desktop 1, 3 Risk 1 assessment of high risk townships Failing to identify and Identification of communicate where Fire Risk high bushfire risk high risk areas are and A1 – b) Finish VFRR assessments 1, 3 townships based who is vulnerable Assessment on agreed risk assessment tools Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Risk 2 A1 – c) Clarify VFRR and URFT 1, 3 Not applying a consistent assessment of risk to achieve a Table A1 A1 – d) Agreed process to assess roadsides 1, 3 consistent prioritisation Identifying Identification of of actions locations and A1 – e) Identify and map high bushfire risk on 1, 3 roadsides based groups of Roadsides fire risk roadsides people on a jointly agreed Risk 4 vulnerable approach Risk of failing to meet to bushfire A1 – f) Share and map roadside data 1, 4 the expectation of... in regards to PPRR. A1 – h) Agreement on who are 1, 3 Identification of vulnerable groups the location of Risk 5 vulnerable groups of Vulnerable A1 – i) Identify locations of people in regional Risk of failing to 1, 3 Groups vulnerable groups fire management communicate planning and effectively across the municipal fire fire sector and with A1 – j) Map and share data on the management plans 1, 4 the community location of vulnerable groups

17 TABLE A: Planning together RSFMPC Complete Strategies Activities Organisations* Measure Outcome Objective Risk task* years Fire risk assessments a) Complete Hume Region desktop assessment of high risk townships CFA, DSE Locations identified 1 (2012) 1, 3 1, 2,5,18 and localities b) Finish Victorian Fire Risk Register Identification of high bushfire risk CFA, DSE Locations identified and assessments identifying high risk 2 (2013) townships based on agreed risk 1, 3 1, 2, 18 Municipalities mapped areas assessment tools c) Clarify how the Victorian Fire Risk Use of VFRR and URPT Register and Urban Risk Profiling CFA, DSE  1 (2012) 1, 3 2, 5, 18 defined forI FMP Tool can support IFMP Roadsides A 1 Identify d) agreed process to assess fire risks CFA, Municipalities Process agreed and 1 (2012) 1, 3 1, 2, 4, 5, 18 locations and on roadsides VicRoads, DSE documented groups of people Identification of bushfire risk e) identify and map high fire risk on Municipalities High risk locations vulnerable to 3 (2014) on roadsides based on a jointly 1, 3 1, 2, 5, 18 roadsides VicRoads, CFA, DSE identified and mapped bushfire agreed approach Municipalities Roadside data and Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire f) Share roadside data and mapping Ongoing 1, 4 5, 18 VicRoads, DSE maps shared Vulnerable groups g) agreement on who are vulnerable DHS, CFA  Agreement documented 1 (2012) 1, 3 1, 2, 4, 5, 18 groups of people Identification of the location Information in h) identify location of vulnerable Municipalities DHS, of vulnerable groups of people municipal emergency 1 (2012) 1, 3 1, 2, 4, 5, 18 groups of people CFA in regional fire management management plans planning and municipal fire Location of vulnerable i) map and share data on the Municipalities DHS, management plans groups mapped and 3 (2014) 1, 4 5, 18 location of vulnerable groups CFA shared

* Leader/s 18 TABLE A: Planning together (continued) RSFMPC Complete Strategies Activities Organisations* Measure Outcome Objective Risk task* years Critical industries A 2 Identify critical a) identify what critical industries Report identifying are at risk from bushfire and critical industries with industries Municipalities evaluate the consequences of loss a risk analysis for each 5 (2016) 1, 3 2, 3, 4, 6, MEMPC (e.g. Unique (cost, impact of loss and time to industry or relevant Identification of critical industries industries or reinstate) community that are at risk from bushfire communities in regional fire management Critical industries layer highly dependent planning and municipal fire developed for the Hume on particular b) map and share information about Municipalities CFA, management plans Region and identified 5 (2016) 1, 4 3, 5 industries) the location of critical industries DSE, PV in the municipal fire management plans. Assets, services, infrastructure Utilities – power, water, phone Reports identifying a) identify regionally critical DSE, PV – regionally critical Identification of infrastructure, A 3 Identify infrastructure, assets and essential environment infrastructure, and assets and services that are at regionally critical services are at risk from bushfire 4 (2015) 1, 3 2, 3, 4, 6, 16 Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire analysis of consequence risk from bushfire in regional infrastructure, and evaluate the consequence of VicRoads, Municipal of loss where fire management planning and assets the loss of these assets – roads appropriate municipal fire management (environmental, DHS DEECD – health plans. (Acknowledging that economic and & education some assets will have Business social assets) and Continuity Plans and that asset essential services Critical infrastructure owners will have shared these and critical assets layer/s plans with other stakeholders developed for Hume b) map and share information As above 5 (2016) where appropriate.) 1, 4 3, 5, 16 Region and identified in the municipal fire management plans Stakeholder feedback A 4 Stakeholder Feedback from a) Feedback on risk assessment and community and feedback into Ongoing stakeholder feedback fire management planning through Municipalities relevant stakeholders fire management Ongoing into municipal fire management 1, 2, 4 3, 4, 5 the municipal fire management MEMPC into the municipal fire planning plans planning process management planning process

* Leader/s 19 TABLE B: WORKING TOGETHER RSFMPC Complete Strategies Activities Organisations* Measure Outcome Objective Risk task* years Databases a) Develop and maintain regional Regional contact list and contact lists and matrix of planning Fire sector  1 (2012) 2 5, 12 matrix diagram committees / relationships b) Develop command database format for emergency Statewide command ** 2 (2013) Access across the fire 2 5, 12 management and fire database format management sector to reliable management roles emergency management contact B 1 Develop and c) Hume Region insert data into the Regional command information DSE, CFA 3 (2014) 2 5, 12 implement systems command database database of information exchange Regional contact d) maintain databases Fire sector lists and command Ongoing 2 5, 12 databases updated Geographic information systems e) agree to use Fire Map as the Statewide agreements ** 3 (2014) 2 3, 5, 12 common GIS platform regarding Fire Map Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Sharing fire management data DSE, CFA Fire management GIS across a common GIS platform f) Share fire managementGI S data Municipalities Utilities 5 (2016) 2 5, 12, 16 data shared DHS Municipal fire management planning Support for a) Support transition from municipal implementation Implementation support B 2 Support fire prevention planning to fire Municipalities, CFA  of municipal fire 1 (2012) for integrated emergency 6 13 emergency management planning management planning management planning management committees planning All hazards planning b) identify issues relating to using an Implementation support Issues raised with all hazards emergency approach Fire sector  Ongoing for integrated emergency 1, 2 7 authorities as needed for further evaluation management planning

20 TABLE B: WORKING TOGETHER (continued) RSFMPC Complete Strategies Activities Organisations* Measure Outcome Objective Risk task* years Recovery expectations a) Clarify expectations of Report on expectations organisations in recovery, including  of organisations 2 (2013) 2 4, 12 B 3 Clarify legislated expectations regarding recovery expectations about Documented understanding Report on future fire sector roles and b) Consider the recommendations across the fire sector about actions to be responsibilities in from the 2009 DHS post incident DHS  1 (2012) organisations/agency roles and 1, 3, 4 4 undertaken regarding regards to recovery analysis responsibilities in recovery recovery c) Document and evaluate recovery Report on lessons Fire sector  1 (2012) 1, 3, 4 4, 12 lessons from the last 10 years learnt Regional forums a) identify links with other regional Scan of relevant forums needed to progress fire  1 (2012) 3 4, 7 regional forums Fire management linked management across Hume in relevant regional plans B 4 Maintain Fire management and polices outside the fire relevant regional b) Represent fire management CFA, DSE issues represented in Ongoing management sector 2, 3 4

links across issues on relevant forums Municipalities Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire relevant forums borders and across other issues Cross border issues c) identify cross state and regional Cross border issues border issues for further Issues raised with Fire sector  Ongoing incorporated into fire 2, 3 6, 7 evaluation and where necessary authorities as needed management planning resolution Joint exercises Improve the emergency a) Develop and implement an management skills and DSE, CFA, Fire sector Ongoing 2, 4 5, 7, 8, 12 B 5 Develop annual plan for joint exercises knowledge of staff and and support volunteers opportunities for professional Professional networking development Improve the emergency b) Document relevant professional management skills and Fire sector  Networks advertised 2 (2013) 4 7, 12 networking opportunities knowledge of staff and volunteers

* Leader/s **Request to State Fire Management Planning Committee 21 TABLE C: CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT RSFMPC Complete Strategies Activities Organisations* Measure Outcome Objective Risk task* years IFMP monitoring and review Hume IFMP monitoring a) establish monitoring and review  and reporting process 1 (2012) 2 11 process for IFMP progress Effective monitoring, review and established reporting of the implementation C 1 Monitor b) Undertake and document IFMP of IFMP across the Hume Region 9, 10, 11, Fire sector  Monitoring and review Ongoing 2 and report IFMP monitoring and reporting 17, 19 progress Regional plan 5 year regional plan c) Regional plan 5 year review Fire sector  5 (2016) 2 10, 19 review report d) Undertake regional plan audit  Audit report Ongoing 2 10, 19 Issue resolution a) implementation issues identified Issues raised with Timely resolution of IFMP  Ongoing 2 9, 10,19 and resolved authorities as needed implementation issues C 2 Resolve Dispute resolution implementation issues b) establish regional dispute Disputes resolution

Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire  1 (2012) 2 11, 19 resolution procedures process defined 15, 16, 17, c) Undertake dispute resolution  Disputes resolved Ongoing 2 19 Access to research / best practice Identification of best a) Scan what research and best *** practice examples and Ongoing 3 5, 12 practice examples are available research b) Communicate available research Regional access to best  2 (2013) 3 5, 12 and best practice examples practice and research Ready access to current c) emergency Management research and best practice Clarity about Manual Victoria define and examples and information ** the emergency 4 (2015) 2, 3 12 explain emergency management C 3 Promote and management interface develop regional interface access to research d) Share ideas for improving Access to relevant Fire sector  Ongoing 3 12 and best practice business continuity planning ideas and experience Vulnerable individuals /groups e) evaluate processes for identifying Municipalities, DHS, Report evaluating Evaluation of current processes and catering for vulnerable  2 (2013) 1, 3 2, 5, 18 VicPol Utilities current processes for vulnerable individuals individuals and groups Fire statistics Integrated, accessible, f) Consolidate current bushfire Access to reliable regional fire CFA, DSE ** regionally relevant fire 5 (2016) 3 12 response statistics statistics information

22 TABLE C: CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT (continued) RSFMPC Complete Strategies Activities Organisations* Measure Outcome Objective Risk task* years Funding a) Plan for strategic long term funding (specific fire Strategic long term management initiatives Fire sector  Ongoing 4 2, 9, 10, 19 C 4 Secure the funding resources necessary and funding for IFMP to implement implementation) Adequate resources to implement IFMP tasks in the IFMP in the Hume b) Develop business cases and seek Business cases for Hume Region Region support/resources to support Fire sector  Ongoing 4 2, 9, 10, 19 funding identified strategic funding c) identify opportunities to share Fire sector 4 9, 10, 19 expertise to achieve joint tasks C 5 Ensure Regional committee processes RSFMPC decisions Committee minutes, a) Document how and why Good governance of the Hume are clear and  decision papers and Ongoing 2 5, 11 committee decisions are made RSFMPC transparent reports Royal Commission Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Regional a) monitor changes arising from understanding C 6 Monitor the State Government response changes from Royal and implement Fire sector  Ongoing 3 12 to the Black Saturday Royal Commission work and changes to fire Commission the impact of it on management Implementation of Royal IFMP arising from the Commission changes Implementation of Royal Commission b) implement changes from State changes in practices Government response to Royal Fire sector  5 (2016) 2, 4 17 from the Royal Commission relevant to IFMP Commission Private land a) Raise issue of the need for a code Issue raised with the  2021 2, 5 14 C 7 Improve of practice for private land SFMPC structures for undertaking fire b) Regional processes and Regional processes management procedures for work on private  and procedures 2021 Improved structures to include 2, 5 14 works on private land documented fire management on private land land to support Advocate the Hume to support public fire safety c) legislative change for works on regional and municipal public fire safety  2021 2, 5 14 private land view during state level policy development

* Leader/s **Request to State Fire Management Planning Committee ***Request to Office Emergency Services Commissioner 23 TABLE D: REGIONAL COMMUNICATION RSFMPC Complete Strategies Activities Organisations* Measure Outcome Objective Risk task* years Regional Communication Strategy CFA, DSE a) Develop a regional Regional bushfire Municipalities 1, 4, 5, 17, communication strategy for  safety communication 2 (2013) 1, 2, 3, 4 18, 19 D 1 Develop bushfire safety Remainder of fire strategy developed A joint regional communication and implement sector strategy providing key messages a regional Impact and and a structure to communicate b) evaluate messaging and communication effectiveness of key with the community and communication across agencies strategy CFA, DSE fire messages and Ongoing across the fire sector about 2, 4 4, 5, 18 and the community in relation to communication fire management and bushfire the communication strategy evaluated safety c) ensure that agencies deliver Issues raised with Fire sector Ongoing 4 4, 5, 18 consistent fire safety messages authorities as needed Community awareness a) investigate ways to improve the CFA, DSE Issue investigated D 2 Improve delivery of location specific fire  2 (2013) Identification of opportunities 2, 4 5, 17, 18 Municipalities communication to warning messages and forecasts Request to SFMPC to improve how the fire sector communicates with the Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire the community b) investigate opportunities to Integrated fire safety community about bushfire integrate community fire safety CFA, DSE community education / 3 (2014) safety 2, 4 5, 17, 18 education/awareness programs awareness programs D 3 Determine Community expectations community expectations Community A process to inform municipal a) establish community engagement about fire Municipalities engagement process Ongoing fire management planning of process and reporting for  2, 6 4, 5, 13, 17 prevention, MEMPC for municipal fire initiative community expectations about municipal fire management plans response and management planning their township/ locality recovery Fire sector communication Documentation a) Communicate planned fire of planned works 4, 5, 6, 7, management works to relevant Fire sector provided to municipal Ongoing 2 13 D 4 municipal committees fire management Communicate planning committees effectively across b) network map showing the Agreed processes for fire sector and Network map relationship between various fire ** 1 (2012) communicating planned fire 2, 4 4, 5 fire management produced management planning systems management works across the planning fire management sector Major fire debrief committees b) Share major fire debrief Fire sector outcomes shared Ongoing 2, 4 5, 6, 12 outcomes across the fire sector across Hume Region Agreed works based d) agreed joint works based on risk Fire sector Ongoing 2, 6 4, 5, 6 on risk

* Leader/s **Request to OfficeE mergency Services Commissioner 24 25 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan 2010-20202011-2021 6.0 Engagement and communication

Engaging with stakeholders in the development and The following communication and engagement methods have been implementation of this plan is an essential for drawing on used in the development and implementation of this plan. existing knowledge and experience; and to build support for • Reports, minutes and agenda – normal regional committee documents and involvement in this plan. • Email updates – newsletter distributed by email • IFMP web – maintained by the IFMP Regional Manager These communication and engagement tasks have been built around the model of • Special meetings – meeting called outside the normal regional committee meetings public engagement developed by the International Association for Public Participation • 5 Year Review – review of this plan required by IFMP Planning Framework (IAP2)12. This model is called the Public Participation Spectrum. This spectrum provides a framework for planning effective stakeholder engagement about any issue or plan. It is used as the basis of communication and engagement tasks through both the Figure 7: IAP2 Public Participation Spectrum development and implementation of this plan. Detail about the communication and engagement process involved in the Inform Consult Involve Collaborate Empower development of this plan is contained in Appendix 11.3 (see page 35) of this Provide Obtain Work directly Partner in Place final document. The stakeholders involved in fire management across the Hume Region are balanced feedback on together to each aspect decision detailed in Appendix 11.5 (see page 38) and described in the following paragraphs. information to analysis and ensure issues of decision making in the stakeholders decisions are understood making hands primary stakeholders Internal stakeholders Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire • Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning Committee are partners in securing the success of IFMP across the region. • The State Fire Management Planning Committee has a duty to ensure that fire management planning is effective across the state. • Municipal fire management planning committees are important because decisions made at a regional level will help shape municipal fire management.T hese committees are sub committees of the municipal emergency management committees.

Primary stakeholders • The responsibility for communication and engagement across organisations represented on the regional committee rests with the organisations themselves. • The IFMP Regional Network Manager is responsible for keeping other primary stakeholders that are not represented on the regional committee informed and involved with relevant IFMP issues as they arise.

Secondary stakeholders • May be involved in specific tasks, or need outputs from this regional plan.

Interested groups

• May benefit from an awareness of this plan. 12 international Association for Public Participation (IAP2) www.iap2.org.au 26 Figure 8: Implementation communication method Report & Request Level of Email IFMP Media RSFMPC Special 5 Year Stakeholder minutes & to Other / Notes engagement updates Website articles Meeting meetings Review agenda RSFMPC Internal stakeholders State Fire Management Planning Committee Empower     Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning Collaboration        Committee members and empower Municipal fire management planning committees Involve      – if they Municipal fire want to management plans Primary stakeholders • Municipal Councils and Alpine Resorts Collaboration   – as guided   Communication • Country Fire Authority and empower by RSFMPC responsibility of • Dept. Sustainability and Environment representative organisations • Parks Victoria RSFMPC • Dept. Human Services representative • Dept. Planning and Community Development • Dept. Primary Industries Empowerment Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire • Victoria Police through • State Emergency Service participation of • VicRoads their representative • Goulburn Valley Water on the RSFMPC • Goulburn Murray Water • Northeast Water • SP Ausnet • Telstra • V/Line Primary stakeholders (no committee representatives) • Rail Authorities Involve      – if they Involvement want to responsibility of IFMP Network Manager Secondary stakeholders • Catchment Management Authorities Inform and      – if they • Hancocks Victorian Plantations consult want to • Optus • Dept Education Early Childhood Development Interested groups • Ambulance Victoria Inform    – if they • Media want to • Other regional fire management committees • Victorian Farmers Federation • Community – general public 27 7.0 Municipal fire management planning

As part of implementing the IFMP Framework, municipal fire management planning committees will be a sub committee of municipal emergency management planning committees. These fire management committees will replace the existing municipal fire prevention committees.

Municipal fire management planning committees The fire management planning committees are required to develop municipal fire management plans to replace the existing municipal fire prevention plans. The fire management plans will be a sub plan of municipal emergency management plans. They will be developed in accordance with Section 21(5) of the Emergency Management Act 1986.

Municipal fire management planning committees will also be able to raise relevant issues with the Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning Committee for resolution as required. Guidance on the development of these plans and the operation of Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire municipal emergency management planning committees is contained in the Emergency Management Manual of Victoria13 and the Integrated Fire Management Planning Guide.14

13 Part 6 Emergency Management Manual Victoria, OESC 14 integrated Fire Management Planning Guide, State Fire Management Planning Committee, 2010 28 8.0 Improvement (plan reporting and review processes)

This section details arrangements that have been made to support the improvement of this plan.

Monitoring and review In accordance with the state IFMP Framework, the regional strategic fire management plans have a ten year life span with a five year, or as needed, review period.15 The Regional Fire Management Planning Committee will monitor the performance of this plan on an annual basis; and report the outcomes of this monitoring and the five year review to the organisations represented on the regional committee and the State Fire Management Planning Committee. Monitoring and reporting will be undertaken in accordance with the detailed advice provided by the State Fire Management Planning Committee.14

Auditing This regional plan will be audited in accordance with state requirements. However, the details of this process have not yet been determined at a Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire state level. This section will be updated in the final version of this document. State Fire Management Strategy 2009

The Integrated Fire Management Planning Framework

15 the Integrated Fire Management Planning Framework, State Fire Management Planning Committee, 2008 29 9.0 Glossary16

Bushfire danger period (known as the Fire Danger Period in Victoria) Preparedness A period of the year, either established by legislation or declared by the relevant All activities undertaken in advance of the occurrence of an incident to decrease the agency, when restrictions are placed on the use of fire due to dry vegetation and the impact, extent and severity of the incident and to ensure more effective response existence of conditions conducive to the spread of fire. activities.

Control authority (also termed the responsible authority) Prevention The agency, service, organisation or authority with legislative responsibility for control All activities concerned with minimising the occurence of incidents, particularly those of the incident. of human origin.

Coordination Response The bringing together of agencies and elements to ensure effective response to Actions taken in anticipation of, during, and immediately after an incident to ensure an incident or emergency. It is primarily concerned with the systematic acquisition that its effects are minimised, and that people affected are given immediate relief and and application of resources in accordance with the requirements imposed by the support. emergency or emergencies. Recovery Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Fire management The coordinated process of supporting emergency affected communities in All activities associated with the management of fire prone land, including the use of reconstruction of the physical infrastructure and restoration of emotional, social, fire to meet land management goals and objectives. economic and physical wellbeing.

Fire management sector Risk This sector includes fire agencies (CFA and the Department of Sustainability and The exposure to the possibility of such things as economic or financial loss or gain, Environment) and other organisations that provide services to people impacted by, or physical damage, injury or delay, as a consequence of pursuing a particular course of manage assets at risk from, bushfire. action. The concept of risk has two elements; the likelihood of something happening and the consequences if it happens.

Risk analysis A systematic use of available information to determine how often specific events may occur and the magnitude of their likely consequences.

16 Where available, definitions are taken from WildfireG lossary, Australasian Fire and Emergency Service Authority Council (AFAC), 2009 30 10.0 References

Australasian Fire and Emergency Service Authority Council (AFAC) Wildfire Glossary, 2009

Cheney and Sullivan Grassfires, fuel, weather and fire behaviour, CSIRO Publishing, 1997

Department Planning and Community Development The Hume Strategy for sustainable communities – Regional Plan, 2010

International Association for Public Participation (IAP2) www.iap2.org.au

Lucas, Hennessy, Mills and Bathols

Bushfire Weather in Southeast Australia: Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Recent Trends and Projected Climate Change Impacts Bushfire CRC and Australian Bureau of Meteorology CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, 2007

Office Emergency Services Commissioner Emergency Management Manual Victoria

State Fire Management Planning Committee State Fire Management Strategy 2009, 2009

State Fire Management Planning Committee Integrated Fire Management Planning Guide, 2010

Victorian Government 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission Final Report, 2010

31 11.0 APPENDICES Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire

Appendices 11.1 Emergency management arrangements in Victoria 33 11.2 Committee roles and responsibilities 34 11.3 Plan development 35 11.4 Fire management activities 36 11.5 Stakeholder analysis 38 11.6 Climate change data 40 11.7 Population profile 41 11.8 Bushfire starts 42 11.9 Hume Region major bushfires map 43 11.10 Hume Region bushfire history 44 11.11 Fire sector bushfire policies and plans 48 11.12 Municipal bushfire policies and plans 50 32 11.1 Victorian Emergency management arrangements in Victoria17

Figure 9: How the state, regional and municipal fire management committees link together

State Level

COORDINATOR IN CHIEF OF Victoria Emergency VEMC EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Management Council Coordination Group (Minister for Police and Emergency Services)

Emergency State State Municipal State State Fire Management Victorian Emergency Emergency Emergency Emergency Management Training State Flood Flood Warning Response Recovery Management Mitigation Planning and Exercising Policy Group Consultative Planning Planning Enhancement Committee Committee Strategy Committee Committee Committee Group Group Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire

State State Emergency State Emergency Specialist Emergency Management Management Planning Recovery Training Exercise Sub committees Planning Steering Steering Committee Committee Committee Primary fire management responsibilities

Regional Level Municipal Level

Regional Regional Regional Strategic Municipal Emergency Municipal Fire Emergency Response Emergency Recovery Fire Management Management Management Planning Committees Planning Committees Planning Committees Planning Committees Planning Committees

17 Part 5 Emergency Management Manual Victoria, OfficeE mergency Services Commissioner 33 11.2 Committee roles and responsibilities18

The roles of the regional strategic fire management planning committees are: Victorian Emergency • Securing regional stakeholder commitment, collaboration and coordination; Management Council • Identification of broader hazard impact areas and associated vulnerabilities; • Identifying and securing broader landscape treatments to treat these risks; State Fire Management • Planning across municipal, regional and state boundaries; Planning Committee • Determining regional assets that would cause impacts of national, state and or regional consequence if significantly affected by fire; • Identifying the impact of regional changes in demographic trends and land use on fire management; Regional Strategic Fire • Providing links between municipal and state fire management planning; and Management Planning Committees • Providing a mechanism for aggregation of municipal issues to State Fire Management Planning Committee.

The roles of municipal fire management planning committees are: Municipal Fire Management • Identifying and prioritising the risks and vulnerabilities across the municipality; Planning Committees • Reducing the likelihood and consequence of fire hazards within local communities in the municipality; Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire • Management of local priorities relating to protection of communities and assets; • Development and implementation of works programs for the management of fires, including hazard removal and fuel management; • Community engagement activities; • Identification of reliable water supplies; • Encouragement of increased responsibility by the community; • Consideration of planning across municipal boundaries; and • Elevation of matters to the regional fire management planning committee.

18 integrated Fire Management Planning Guide, State Fire Management Planning Committee, 2010 34 11.3 Plan development

Process used by the Hume RSFMPC to develop this plan Figure 11: Stakeholder communication – plan development

The Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Planning Committee used the Report & Stakeholder IFMP Consultation processes and communication methods described below and shown in Figure 5, minutes & Submission (level of engagement*) Web Meeting/s to engage with stakeholders in the development of this plan. agenda • Two risk workshops were held with the regional committee in 2010 to identify Internal stakeholders risks and develop strategies. State Fire Management  Report seeking  • The plan was developed by the IFMP staff from this information and individual Planning Committee endorsement Empower consultation meetings with regional committee members. • The draft plan was considered by the regional committee and released for RSFMPC Members    open comment. Collaboration and empower • A two month written submission process is being held early in 2011. Municipal fire management   • This final document will be considered by the regional committee and planning committees recommended for endorsement. Consult • The State Fire Management Planning Committee will be asked to endorse Primary stakeholders this document. Organisations on the  – as guided by  RSFMPC RSFMPC rep. Collaboration and empower Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Figure 10: IFMP Planning Process Other primary stakeholders   – if they  without RSFMPC want to representative & organisatio ty nal Involve ni en mu g m ag Co em Other stakeholders e n Environmental t Secondary stakeholders   Scan Inform and consult Interested groups   – if they Monitor & Risk Inform want to Improve Assessment IFMP Planning Process *A more complete discussion about the meaning of stakeholder involvement terms, Deliver Analyse such as empower, can be found in Section 6.0 of this document (see page 26).

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35 11.4 Fire management activities

Figure 12: Fire management activities undertaken across the Hume Region

Fire management activity Description

Fire coordination Bringing together of fire management agencies and elements to ensure effective response to an incident or emergency. CFA has legislated responsibility under the CFA Act 1958 for the prevention and suppression of fires and for the protection of life and property in the CountryA rea of Victoria. In accordance with provisions in the CFA Act and the Forests Act 1958, DSE has fire management and fire suppression responsibilities for state forests and national, state and regional parks.

Land owner / manager responsibilities Landowners / managers are heavily involved in fire prevention and fire suppression on land under their control. They have legislated responsibilities for extinguish a fire burning on their land and to prevent fires from starting from the use of equipment and vehicles (CFA Act 1958, Crimes Act 1958). They are also required to comply with relevant local government local laws, relevant planning or building permit conditions (if they apply) and conditions associated with permits to burn.

Response (fire) Actions taken in anticipation of, during and immediately after, a fire incident to minimise the impact of the fire.

Recovery A coordinated process of supporting emergency affected communities in the reconstruction of physical infrastructure and restoration of emotional, social, economic and physical wellbeing. This includes activities such as the provision of community advice, rebuilding of lost infrastructure, the removal of dangerous vegetation after a fire and resuming essential services such as child care, education and medical services.

Community education / information Community education is learning and social development; working with individuals and groups in their communities using a range of formal and informal methods. In the context of fire this ranges from the provision of mass media information such as newspapers, radio and the web, to the provision of community meetings, small groups and individual property visits. CFA brigades are an important source of community information at a local level. Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Community care Community care is about identifying and catering for groups or individuals with specific needs, before during and after a fire. For example, relevant companies often identify individuals that require essential service such as water supplies and make separate arrangements for these individuals in the event that their services are disrupted. Local government and the Department of Human Services also often identify and support individual or groups with specific needs.

Asset protection Asset protection involves protecting key community infrastructure such as power, water supplies, roads, gas pipes and protecting community assets such as parks and the environment. Asset protection can also involve the protection of private assets such as housing, plantations, crops and fencing.

Permits and local laws Local government, CFA and DSE are involved in issuing permits for lighting fires during the fire danger period. Local government also issues planning permits for development and building permits for buildings. These permits may have conditions that may involve fire management. CFA is a referral authority for fire related matters for planning and building permits. Local government may also have local laws that restrict burning off or the use of incinerators.

Effective fire management involves planning ahead to effectively anticipate, respond to and recover from major bushfire.

36 37 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 11.5 Stakeholder analysis

Figure 13: How different organisations and groups are involved in fire management across the Hume Region

Fire Land Community Community Asset Permits Stakeholder analysis Response Recovery Other RSFMPC member Coord. manager information care protection local laws Internal stakeholders – Collaborate and empower State Fire Management Planning Committee (SFMPC)     Oversight IFMP Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management     Strategic regional  Planning Committee (Hume RSFMPC) planning Municipal fire management planning     Strategic planning committees (MFMPC*) Primary stakeholders – Collaborate and Empower Municipal Councils / Alpine Resort Management         Boards Country Fire Authority (CFA)       Fire safety expertise  Dept. Sustainability and Environment (DSE)         Expertise forest fires  Parks Victoria (PV)      

Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Dept. Human Services (DHS)      Dept. Planning & Community Development (DPCD)   Dept. Primary Industries (DPI)   Victoria Police (VicPol)   State Emergency Service (SES)   VicRoads     Goulburn Murray Water (GMW)     Goulburn Valley Water (GVW)    Northeast Water (NEW)     SP Ausnet     Telstra    Vline   

*Municipal fire management planning committees (MFMPC) are subcommittees of Municipal emergency management planning committees (MEMPC).

38 Fire Land Community Community Asset Permits Rail authorities (e.g. VLine)   Stakeholder analysis Response Recovery Other RSFMPC member Coord. manager information care protection local laws Fire Land Community Community Asset Permits Stakeholder analysis Response Recovery Other RSFMPC member Internal stakeholders – Collaborate and empower Coord. manager information care protection local laws State Fire Management Planning Committee (SFMPC)     Oversight IFMP Secondary Stakeholders – Inform and Consult Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management     Strategic regional  Catchment Management Authorities (CMA)    Planning Committee (Hume RSFMPC) planning Hancocks Victorian Plantations   Municipal fire management planning     Strategic planning   committees (MFMPC*) Optus Primary stakeholders – Collaborate and Empower Department of Education Early Childhood  Development (DEECD) Municipal Councils / Alpine Resort Management         Boards Interested groups – Inform and consult Country Fire Authority (CFA)       Fire safety expertise  Ambulance Victoria  Dept. Sustainability and Environment (DSE)         Expertise forest fires  Media   Parks Victoria (PV)       Other regional fire management committees  Doing same plans

Dept. Human Services (DHS)      Victorian Farmers Federation (VFF)  Member interest Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Dept. Planning & Community Development (DPCD)   Community – general public         Dept. Primary Industries (DPI)   Victoria Police (VicPol)   State Emergency Service (SES)   VicRoads     Goulburn Murray Water (GMW)     Goulburn Valley Water (GVW)    Northeast Water (NEW)     SP Ausnet     Telstra    Vline   

39 11.6 Climate change data

Figure 14: Changes in maximum temperatures 1970 – 2009 Figure 15: Changes in annual rainfall 1970 – 2009 Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire

The Hume Region has been hotter with a reduction in rainfall across the past 40 years.

40 11.7 Population profile19

Figure 16: Showing the changes in population and the distribution of people across municipalities

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Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!!!! ! !!!!!!Bright! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! ! !! !!!!!! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!!!! ! !! ! !!!!! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! !!!!! ! ! ! !!! !! ! !!! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!Euroa! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! !!! ! ! ! ! !! !!!! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!!!!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! ! !! !!!!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !!! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! !!! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! !!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! !!! !!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !!!!!!! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! !! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Seymour! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!! !! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!!! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!! !!! ! !!! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!!! !! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !!!!!!!!! Mansfield! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! !! !!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!!!!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! !! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!!!!! ! !!!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !!!!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! !! !!!!!!! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!!!!! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! !! !!!!!!!!!Yea!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! !!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!! !! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!Eildon! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! ! !! !!!!!!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! !! !! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!!! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !!! !! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! !!!!!!!!!! !! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!!!!!!!!!Kilmore!!!! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!! ! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!!!! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! !!!!! !!! !! !! ! !!!!! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!!! !!!! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!!!!! !! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !!!!!!!! !!! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!!!!!!!!! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!! !! !! ! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! !!! ! !! ! !! ! !! !!!!! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!!! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! !!!!!!!!!!! ! ! !!!! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!!! !! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!! !!!! !! !! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!!! !! ! ! ! !!! ! !!! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! !!!!!!!! ! !!! !!!!!!! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! !!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!Marysville!! !! ! !! !!! !!!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! !!!!!!!! ! ! !! ! ! !!! ! !!!! !!! ! ! !!! !!!!! !!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! !! ! !!! !! !! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! !!! !! !! !! ! ! ! !!! ! ! !!!!!! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !

Legend Disclaimer:

! This map is a snapshot generated from Victorian Government data as well as CFA/DSE Fire Ignitions 1999 - 2009 0 12.5 25 50 75 100 data from various other sources. This does not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and Kilometers therefore disclaims all liability for error, loss or damage which may arise from Hume Region reliance upon it. All persons accessing this information should make appropriate ´ enquiries to assess the currency of the data.

42 11.9 Hume Region major bushfires

Figure 18: Location of major bushfire across the past 10 years Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire

43 11.10 Hume Region bushfire history 20 21

Figure 19: Large fire events that are either over 1000 Ha or resulted in loss of life

START DURATION LOCALITIES HOUSES OTHER YEAR INCIDENT NAME OTHER LOCALITIES SIZE (Ha) DEATHS DATE (days) HUME REGION LOST BUILDINGS 1851 6/02/1851 1 Black Thursday Two thirds of the colony. 500,000 12 1,000 Everywhere except Gippsland 1926 14/02/1926 37 Black Sunday Kinglake Gippsland plus Noojee, Erica, Dandenong 400,000 60 245 755 Ranges 1939 13/01/1939 7 Black Friday Toolangi, Glenburn, Blackwood, Yallourn, Monbulk, Frankston, Drouin South, 1,750,000 71 659 599 Rubicon, Wood’s Point, Blackwood, Warrandyte, Noojee, Omeo, Mansfield, Dromana, Lorne, Yarra Glen, Warburton, Erica 1940 27/12/1940 Pyalong and District Pyalong and District 4,046 1943 22/12/1943 Wangaratta Wangaratta 405 10 1944 8/01/1944 1 Wangaratta Wangaratta 12,140 18 1952 31/01/1952 Barnawartha Barnawartha No information 2 1 1952 5/02/1952 Thologolong and Thologolong and Tallangatta 5,180 2 29 Tallangatta 1952 5/02/1952 Benalla Benalla – just off Hume Hwy 100,000 4

Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire 1957 23/01/1957 Picola Picola 2,832 2 1957 20/02/1957 1 Longwood District Longwood 4,047 1957 26/02/1957 1 Reedy Creek Reedy Creek 2,024 1957 10/04/1957 1 Kinglake Kinglake Region 1,214 1962 14/01/1962 3 Dandenongs & Chum Creek, King Lake, The Basin, Christmas Hills, Healesville, 2,590 9 376 5 Great Dividing St. Andrews, Hurstbridge, Warrandyte, Mitcham, Range Woori Yallock, Sassafras, Badger Creek, Montrose, Kalorama, Hoddle’s Creek, Mt Riddell and Mt Dandenong, Eltham 1962 5/02/1962 2 Jericho Jericho 2,024 1965 17/01/1965 2 Longwood District Longwood 24,281 7 6 1 1965 4/03/1965 Howqua Howqua District South 1,214 of Benalla 1968 2/02/1968 3 Myrtleford Happy Valley, 3 miles south 20,234 4 2 of Myrtleford, Rosewhite 1968 21/02/1968 1 Lurg Lurg, Greta South, Winton 11,332 1 1 1968 9/12/1968 1 Tungamah/ Tungamah, Telford 1,241 Telford 1969 8/01/1969 1969 Fires Yea, Alexandra Lara, Daylesford, Bulgana-Dunworthy, Yea, 323,749 22 230 21 Alexandra, Darraweit Guim, Kangaroo Flat and Korong Vale

44 START DURATION LOCALITIES HOUSES OTHER YEAR INCIDENT NAME OTHER LOCALITIES SIZE (Ha) DEATHS DATE (days) HUME REGION LOST BUILDINGS 1969 8/01/1969 3 Yea Yea, Alexandra 90,650 1 22 3 (part of the 1969 fires) 1971 18/01/1971 1 Colbinabbin Colbinabbin 1,821 1972 14/12/1972 14 Mt Buffalo Mt Buffalo, Nug Nug 12,240 1972 22/12/1972 1 Eldorado Eldorado 1,214 1972 22/12/1972 1 Tungamah/ Wilby Tungamah, Wilby 9,419 1973 24/01/1973 2 Lancefield Lancefield, Pyalong 9,712 1 8 7 1977 29/01/1977 Beechworth Beechworth 1,000 1981 19/03/1981 1 Homewood Homewood, Glenburn 10,434 2 3 1982 11/01/1982 2 Wandong Wandong 3,000 1 5 1982 11/01/1982 2 Reedy Creek Reedy Creek 1,000 1982 8/02/1982 2 Strath Creek Strath Creek (Mt Hickey) 3,350 1982 24/11/1982 2 Bright Bright 1,000 Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire 1982 24/11/1982 4 Wallan Wallan, Flowerdale 21,000 2 1983 16/02/1983 6 Ash Wednesday Not involving the Hume Region Monivae, Branxholme, Cockatoo, East Trentham, 171,914 26 1,859 815 but included because was a Mt Macedon, Otways, Warburton, Cudgee, major fire Upper Beaconsfield 1985 14/01/1985 Acheron Acheron 2,000 1 1985 15/01/1985 Porepunkah Porepunkah, Mt Buffalo 51,400 1985 15/01/1985 Beechworth Beechworth 1,800 1 1987 16/01/1987 Heathcote Heathcote, Costerfield 4,100 14 1987 16/01/1987 Colbinabbin Colbinabbin, Redcastle 1,400 1989 9/02/1989 1 Warby Ranges Warby Ranges 1,250 1990 3/01/1990 2 Strathmerton Strathmerton 4,500 (both sides of the Murray) 1990 27/12/1990 1 Ghin Ghin Ghin Ghin 2,800 1 1990 27/12/1990 1 Strathbogie Strathbogie 20,300 1 17 150 1991 5/05/1991 1 Mt Jack 15km from Myrtleford 1,300 1994 3/02/1994 1 Cathkin Cathkin No information 1 2002 3/02/1994 2 Bridle Control Glenaroua, Seymour, Tooborac 6,100 2 13

20 DSE 10 Year Fire History V007 refreshed 19/07/2010, CFA Website Fire History. 21 this data is continually being updated as new fires occur and corrections are made on historical data. For the most current information visit the Hume RegionI FMP website. 45 START DURATION LOCALITIES HOUSES OTHER YEAR INCIDENT NAME OTHER LOCALITIES SIZE (Ha) DEATHS DATE (days) HUME REGION LOST BUILDINGS 2003 8/01/2003 59 Victorian Alpine Hotham-Dinner Plain, Eldorado, Omeo, Swifts Creek, Cavalier, Willung South 1,200,000 1 41 255 Fires Mt Mittamatite, Buffalo Creek, Mt Beauty, Mount Arthur, Mt Feathertop 2006 22/01/2006 3 Melba Control Yea / Melba 5,000 2 2006 22/01/2006 6 Kinglake – Burgan Glenburn, Kinglake 1,725 Track 2006 23/01/2006 6 Granite Hills Control Highlands, Seymour, Anakie 600 1 1 2006 12/02/2006 1 G V Control / Yea / Killingworth 1,000 Cheviot 2006 17/02/2006 1 Barnawartha Barnawartha 2 1 2006 1/12/2006 50 Great Divide Northeast Victoria Gippsland 1,048,000 1 51 Complex 2006 1/12/2006 50 Great Divide North Alpine National Park North 370,600 3 13 (part of Great Divide Complex) Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire 2006 10/12/2006 17 Tawonga Gap (part Bright, Tawonga South, 33,590 of Great Divide Mount Beauty Complex) 2007 11/01/2007 19 Tatong / Odea Road Tatong 33,000 3 43 (part of Great Divide Complex) 2007 12/01/2007 24 Hermit Mountain Hermit Mountain 2,770 (part of Great Divide Complex) 2009 7/02/2009 36 Black Saturday Significant areas in Mitchell Bendigo, Redesdale, Central Gippsland, 430,000 173 2,030 and Murrindindi Municipalities: Dandenong, Wilsons Promontory, Maroondah, Wandong, Kilmore, Mudgegonga Horsham, Coleraine, Weerite near Beechworth 2009 7/02/2009 Part of Black Buckland Gap Murmungee 30,700 12 Saturday Road (part of Black Saturday Fires) 2009 7/02/2009 Part of Black Kilmore East – Murrindindi 168,542 1,639 65 Saturday Murrindindi North Complex (part of Black Saturday Fires) 2009 7/02/2009 Part of Black Beechworth – Beechworth 31,000 Saturday Library Road (part of Black Saturday Fires) 46 47 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 11.11 Fire sector bushfire policies and plans

Figure 20: The existing fire management policies and plans being already undertaken by organisations in the Hume Region Plan owner/ Plans Title/s Plan objectives Plan Level PPRR elements All hazards Availability custodian CFA Regional Operations • Ensure that loss due to fire is minimised Regional All Bushfire only Internal and CFA Management Plan • Plan for response and recovery Group Officer CFA Wildfire Response Plans • To provide guidance for response to and Sub regional All (but little on recovery) Bushfire only Internal management of wildfire CFA Community Risk Profile • Provide information about High Risk Communities Regional Prevention, Bushfire only Internal • Prioritise CFA Program preparedness, some response DHS Fire & Emergency Response • Preservation of life Regional and All Yes Public if requested Procedures Manual local DHS Regional Recovery Plan • Re-establishment of essential services for individuals Regional Preparedness, response Yes Public and communities impacted by an emergency event and recovery DHS DH and DHS Bushfire • The Department of Health and the Department of State Recovery Bushfire only Internal Response: Client Services Human Services policy for responding to the threat of Policy 20010 – 11 bushfire DPI Agricultural Recovery Plan • Reports to Minister on impacts, needs and support State All Yes Public if requested options for rural communities DPI MOU DSE: Fire Response • To ensure that DSE has adequate workforce for fire State Preparedness, response Yes – mainly Internal: DPI and DSE Availability response bushfire Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire DSE Code of Practice For Fire • To reduce the incidence and spread of fire with an State All Bushfire only Public Management On Public Land integrated land management approach DSE Fire Management Manuals • Each manual has specific objectives related to the State All but depends on topic Bushfire only Internal (Series of Topics) topic being covered DSE Fire Protection Plan • Protection of life, property, public land assets and Regional Prevention Bushfire only Public if requested values such as environmental, catchment and air quality, cultural values, firefighter safety DSE Fire Operations Plan • Implementation of the Fire Protection Plan strategies. Regional Prevention Bushfire only Public An organised, effective fuel reduction burning program DSE Fire Readiness and Response • To define preparation and response arrangements for Regional Preparedness, response Bushfire only Internal, partners, CFA Plan DSE and the Networked Emergency Organisations and recovery DSE & CFA DSE CFA Local Mutual Aid • Define regional arrangements to meet DSE – CFA Regional Preparedness Bushfire only Internal, partners, CFA Plan ‘Heads of Agreement’ ‘Partnership Guidelines’ and ‘Joint Standard Operational Procedures’ DSE & Parks Ecological Fire Management • Ecological use of fire on public land Integration of Regional / Preparedness Bushfire only Internal Victoria Assessment ‘ecological fire’ with fire protection planning Sub regional GMW Storage Fire Protection Plans • Define assets and capability to mitigate against fire Municipal Prevention/Preparedness Bushfire Internal risk at storages GMW Incident Resonse and • Define all hazards approach to incidents in response Regional Preparedness, response Yes Internal Recovery Framework and recovery. and recovery

48 Plan owner / Plans Title/s Plan objectives Plan Level PPRR elements All hazards Availability custodian GVW Alternative Drinking Water • To provide alternative drinking water supply in the Regional Primarily response Yes Internal Supply Contingency Plan event of loss of normal supply capacity GVW Emergency Response Plan • To respond to the effects of fire on water supply and Regional Response, Wildfire / Internal Following Fire Damage waste water facilities recovery (limited) chemical / at Water Supply and Waste electrical Water Facilities GVW Crisis and Incident • To define roles and responsibilities for response to Regional Preparation, Yes Internal Management Plan incidents response, recovery NE Water Crisis and Incident • Recovery and restoration of service Regional Response Yes Internal but would be Management System Maintenance of water supply recovery available if requested Office of Emergency Management • Accomplishing emergency management in Victoria State All Yes Public Emergency Manual (Victoria) Services Parks Victoria 2003 Burn Guide – • Identification of areas that are available / unavailable Regional Prevention, preparedness Bushfire only Internal Alpine Fire Area (2008) for burning based on flora response Parks Victoria Ecological Fire Assessment • Identification of areas that are available / unavailable Sub regional Prevention, preparedness Bushfire only Private Summary for the Landscape for burning based on flora response Management Unit

Parks Victoria Yarra Ranges National Parks • Protect parks from injury by fire, protecting human Sub regional Prevention, preparedness Bushfire only Public Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan – 2002 life and property Parks Victoria Various National, State and • Protect parks from injury by fire, protecting human Sub regional Yes Bushfire only Public Regional Parks life and property SES Standard Operating • Policies and procedures for SES to provide support in State Prevention, preparedness Yes Internal Procedures relation to fire activity response SP-Ausnet Bushfire Mitigation Strategy • To compile resource information State Prevention, preparation Bushfire only Internal A) Distribution • Assignment of responsibilities B) Transmission • Incident control for fire prevention SP-Ausnet SPIRACS: SP-Ausnet • Response to both internal and external events State Fire: response, recovery Yes Internal Integrated Response and Contingency System Telstra Emergency Mgt. framework • All emergency plan National Prevention, preparedness Yes Internal response recovery VicPol Regional Emergency • Framework for coordination of resources at a Regional All Yes Internal and committee Response Plan divisional level and from adjoining divisions for would be available to emergency response the regional committee • Identify control and support agencies if requested VicPol Operation Cinder • Provide a coordinated approach to investigation of Sub regional Response Bushfire only Internal deliberately lit and suspicious fires VicPol Wildfire Standard Operating • To provide guidance to police officers for response Sub regional Response Bushfire only Internal (Wangaratta) Procedures (Wangaratta) activities in a wildfire situation in Wangaratta and surrounding areas Vline Fire Prevention Plan • Reduce ignitions, prevent spread of fire from reservel State Prevention Fire Internal 49 11.12 Municipal bushfire policies and plans

Figure 21: Description of existing municipal fire management policies and plans

Municipal fire Other fire Roadside / Municipal emergency Plan description prevention plan / management environmental Township protection plans Other management plan strategy strategies / plans plan Plan Objectives • Prevention and reduction • Identify and • Evaluate specific fire • Protect and • Plan fire prevention and response • Other strategic fire of all emergency threats plan for the risks across an area enhance native actions needed to protect a township management plans across the municipality. prevention of and • Recommend vegetation values from bushfire. • Manage use of resources management of all appropriate actions to and protect people • Provide information for people to in response fire risks across the reduce and manage and property develop their own bushfire survival • Manage recovery municipality. identified risks plans • Prioritise actions Prevention All elements of PPRR Prevention and Generally prevention and Prevention and Prevention, preparedness and response Preparedness preparedness preparedness recovery Response Recovery Hazards covered All hazards All fire hazards Generally bushfire only Bushfire only Bushfire only (e.g. fire and flood) Plan level Municipal Municipal Municipal or local Municipal Local Municipal or local Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire

50 Figure 22: Existing municipal fire management policies and plans occuring across the Hume Region (at August 2011)

Municipal fire Other fire Roadside / Plan owner / Municipal emergency Township protection plans prevention plan / management environmental Other custodian management plan strategy strategies / plans plan Preliminary Draft Finished Alpine Shire  Public document  Public document Dederang Bogong Tawonga Bright Mt Beauty Harrietville Rural City of  Public document  Public document Benalla Falls Creek  Emergency Management  Fire Preparation Plan Falls Creek Alpine Resort Plan – Internal document – Public document Management Board City of Greater  Internal document  Public document  Roadside Mooroopna Shepparton available to partner management plan – Shepparton agencies Public document Shire of Indigo  Public document  Public document Allans Flat Beechworth Chiltern Stanley Yackandandah Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Lake Mountain  Lake Mountain section  Wildfire Management  Environmental  Victorian Managed Alpine Resort of Murrindindi Municipal Plan – Internal Management Plan – Insurance Agency MEMP – Public document document internal document Strategic Emergency Management Plan – internal document Shire of Mansfield  Public document  Public document  Woods Point &  Public document Gough’s Bay Sawmill Surrounding District Woods Point Settlement Community Safety Plan. Tolmie (Part of Mansfield EMP) Kevington  Sheepyard Flat Jamieson Protection Plan Tolmie Shire of Mitchell  Public document  Public document  Rural Roadside Tallarook Code of Practice – Tooborac Public document Wandong/ Heathcote Junction Shire of Moira  Public document  Public document  Public document Barmah  Electric Line Clearance Management Plan – Internal document Mount Hotham  Public document  Draft Bushfire Risk Mt Hotham  Recovery Management Alpine Resort Management Plan Plan – part of EMP – Management Board (2006) Public document

51 Municipal fire Other fire Roadside / Township protection plans Plan owner / Municipal emergency prevention plan / management environmental Other custodian management plan strategy strategies / plans plan Preliminary Draft Final Mount Buller  Mt Buller Mt Stirling  Mt Buller Wildfire  Environmental  Risk Management and Mount Emergency Management Management Plan – Management Plan – Plan for Mt Buller & Sterling Resort Plan – Public document Public document Public document Mt Stirling – Internal Management Board document Shire of  Murrindindi Municipal  Internal document Kinglake Murrindindi & Lake Mountain Alpine Flowerdale Resort Municipal EMP – Toolangi Public document Eildon Shire of  Public document  Public document  Public document Strathbogie Strathbogie Ruffy Mt Wombat Shire of Towong  Public document  Public document Dartmouth Eskdale Mitta Mitta Rural City of  Public document  Public document Cheshunt/ Wangaratta Whitfield Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Eldorado Glenrowan/ Hamilton Park City of Wodonga  Internal document  Internal document  Internal document Baranduda (Draft) Wodonga/ Wodonga West

52 53 Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management Plan 2011-2021 The Hume Region working together to effectively anticipate, respond to and recover from major bushfire – to secure a safer region, more resilient community, healthier environment and a prosperous economy.

Hume Regional Strategic Fire Management P l a n n i n g Co m m i t t e e