Tansley Review Patterns and Processes in Crop Domestication: an Historical Review and Quantitative Analysis of 203 Global Food Crops
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“COMPARATIVO DE CUATRO ECOTIPOS DE Solanum
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA AMAZONIA PERUANA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMIA ESCUELA DE FORMACION PROFESIONAL DE AGRONOMIA “COMPARATIVO DE CUATRO ECOTIPOS DE Solanum sessiliflorum DUNAL Y SU EFECTO EN EL RENDIMIENTO DE FRUTOS Y OTRAS VARIABLES AGRONÓMICAS, EN LA LOCALIDAD DE ZUNGAROCOCHA, IQUITOS”. TESIS PARA OPTAR EL TÍTULO PROFESIONAL DE: INGENIERO AGRÓNOMO PRESENTADO POR EL BACHILLER EN CIENCIAS AGRONOMICAS: ANGELO FRANCISCO SAMANAMUD CURTO IQUITOS-PERU 2014 2 UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA AMAZONIA PERUANA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMIA Tesis aprobada en sustentación pública el día,_____________________________ por el jurado nombrado por la Escuela de Formación Profesional de Agronomía para optar el título profesional de: INGENIERO AGRÓNOMO _______________________________________ Ing. RONALD YALTA VEGA MSc. PRESIDENTE _______________________________________ Ing. MIGUEL A. PEREZ MARIN MSc. MIEMBRO _______________________________________ Ing. WILSON VÁSQUEZ PÉREZ MIEMBRO _______________________________________ Ing. JOSE FRANCISCO RAMIREZ CHUNG. MSc. ASESOR _______________________________________ Ing. JUAN IMERIO URRELO CORREA. MSc. DECANO 3 DEDICATORIA A Dios, que en el silencio me soportó y que además me guió, cual padre a su hijo querido, durante toda mi vida y en el proceso de formación profesional. A mis padres, tíos y abuelos, que me apoyaron incondicionalmente durante todo este periodo de formación académica. Muy en especial a mi abuela que posee una fuente de la que mana paciencia y ánimo que me impulsó a seguir adelante en los momentos difíciles. A mis hermanos menores, a mi comunidad católica y a mis amigos, que se alegraron conmigo en los momentos de felicidad y sufrieron conmigo en los momentos difíciles. A mi gran familia y enamorada, que compartieron conmigo esa experiencia tan grande llena de retos y de gracia llamada vida. -
Solanum Sessiliflorum Dunal, Solanaceae) During the Post-Harvest Period at Ambient Atmosphere
Journal of Agriculture and Crops ISSN(e): 2412-6381, ISSN(p): 2413-886X Vol. 4, Issue. 11, pp: 125-135, 2018 Academic Research Publishing URL: https://arpgweb.com/journal/journal/14/aims Group DOI: https://doi.org/10.32861/jac.411.125.130 Original Research Open Access Sensory and Physical Changes of Green Cubiu Fruits (Solanum Sessiliflorum Dunal, Solanaceae) During the Post-Harvest Period at Ambient Atmosphere Moacir Couto de Andrade Júnior* Post-Graduation Department, Nilton Lins University, Manaus, Brazil Department of Food Technology, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil Jerusa Souza Andrade Post-Graduation Department, Nilton Lins University, Manaus, Brazil Department of Food Technology, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil Suely de Souza Costa Department of Agricultural Sciences, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil Abstract Cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal, Solanaceae) is an attractive fruit due, in part, to its exuberant appearance (e.g., great freshness, vivid colors, and large size). Besides, cubiu fruits are highly valued for their nutritional richness (e.g., soluble fibers such as pectin, vitamin C, potassium, and carotenoids). The objective of this study was to evaluate sensory and physical changes of green cubiu fruits during the post-harvest period at ambient atmosphere. Green cubiu fruits were randomly harvested and immediately taken to the laboratory of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The perfect fruits were then selected (n = 20), stored at ambient atmosphere (mean temperature of 29.24°C), and daily evaluated for (i) loss of weight, (ii) longitudinal (L) and transverse (T) diameter modifications, (iii) loss of freshness, and (iv) color changes. -
Acute Toxicity of Solanum Macrocarpon Linn (Solanaceae) on Wistar Rats: Study About Leaves and Fruits
American Journal of Biochemistry 2013, 3(3): 84-88 DOI: 10.5923/j.ajb.20130303.04 Acute Toxicity of Solanum macrocarpon Linn (Solanaceae) on Wistar Rats: Study about Leaves and Fruits Victorien Dougnon1,2,*, Honoré Bankolé2, Patrick Edorh1,3, Jean Robert Klotoé2, Jacques Dougnon2, Lauris Fah2, Frédéric Loko2, M iche l Boko 1 1Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Interfaculty Center of Formation and Research in Environment for the Sustainable Development, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01 BP 1463 Cotonou, Benin 2Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, Benin 3Department of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Benin Abstract S. macrocarpon is a highly consumed vegetable in Benin with values recognized by herbal medicine. The objective of this study was to assess its acute toxicity on Wistar rats. Fruits and leaves were shade dried, powdered, boiled and filtered. The powders obtained from leaves and fruits were orally administered to randomly selected animals divided into five groups treated with saline, 300 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg of powders. The anomals were observed along 14 days focusing attention on different behavior manifestations. Body weight, hematological (Complete Blood Count) and biochemical analyses (urea, creatinine and transaminases) were conducted. About S. macrocarpon’s leaves, the dose of 300 mg/kg resulted in the death of no rat. No mortality was recorded at the dose of 2000 mg/kg. It was the same for the fruit powder. Powders of leaves and fruits of S. -
Alphabetical Lists of the Vascular Plant Families with Their Phylogenetic
Colligo 2 (1) : 3-10 BOTANIQUE Alphabetical lists of the vascular plant families with their phylogenetic classification numbers Listes alphabétiques des familles de plantes vasculaires avec leurs numéros de classement phylogénétique FRÉDÉRIC DANET* *Mairie de Lyon, Espaces verts, Jardin botanique, Herbier, 69205 Lyon cedex 01, France - [email protected] Citation : Danet F., 2019. Alphabetical lists of the vascular plant families with their phylogenetic classification numbers. Colligo, 2(1) : 3- 10. https://perma.cc/2WFD-A2A7 KEY-WORDS Angiosperms family arrangement Summary: This paper provides, for herbarium cura- Gymnosperms Classification tors, the alphabetical lists of the recognized families Pteridophytes APG system in pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms Ferns PPG system with their phylogenetic classification numbers. Lycophytes phylogeny Herbarium MOTS-CLÉS Angiospermes rangement des familles Résumé : Cet article produit, pour les conservateurs Gymnospermes Classification d’herbier, les listes alphabétiques des familles recon- Ptéridophytes système APG nues pour les ptéridophytes, les gymnospermes et Fougères système PPG les angiospermes avec leurs numéros de classement Lycophytes phylogénie phylogénétique. Herbier Introduction These alphabetical lists have been established for the systems of A.-L de Jussieu, A.-P. de Can- The organization of herbarium collections con- dolle, Bentham & Hooker, etc. that are still used sists in arranging the specimens logically to in the management of historical herbaria find and reclassify them easily in the appro- whose original classification is voluntarily pre- priate storage units. In the vascular plant col- served. lections, commonly used methods are systema- Recent classification systems based on molecu- tic classification, alphabetical classification, or lar phylogenies have developed, and herbaria combinations of both. -
Descargar Archivo
Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana - IIAP MEMORIA INSTITUCIONAL 2010 Aprobado por del Directorio en su Sesión Ordinaria N° 554 del 26 de mayo de 2011 MMeemmoorriiaa IInnssttiittuucciioonnaall 22001100 CONTENIDO 5 Consejo Superior 2010 6 Directorio 2010 7 Personal Ejecutivo e Investigadores 2010 9 Presentación PARTE I 11 EL IIAP Visión - Misión - Filosofía y Cultura Institucional PARTE II 13 SISTEMA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 14 Programa de Investigación para el Uso y Conservación del Agua y sus Recursos – AQUAREC 37 Programa de Investigación en Manejo Integral del Bosque y Servicios Ambientales – PROBOSQUES 57 Programa de Investigación en Biodiversidad Amazónica – PIBA 69 Programa de Investigación en Cambio Climático, Desarrollo Territorial y Ambiental – PROTERRA 77 Programa de Investigación de la Diversidad Cultural y Economía Amazónicas – SOCIODIVERSIDAD 85 Programa de Investigación en Información de la Biodiversidad Amazónica – BIOINFO PARTE III 91 SISTEMA DE DIFUSIÓN Y TRANSFERENCIA DE TECNOLOGÍA 92 Programa de Investigación para el Uso y Conservación del Agua y sus Recursos – AQUAREC 100 Programa de Investigación en Manejo Integral del Bosque y Servicios Ambientales – PROBOSQUES 109 Programa de Investigación en Biodiversidad Amazónica – PIBA 115 Programa de Investigación en Cambio Climático, Desarrollo Territorial y Ambiental – PROTERRA 120 Programa de Investigación de la Diversidad Cultural y Economía Amazónicas – SOCIODIVERSIDAD 127 Programa de Investigación en Información de la Biodiversidad Amazónica - BIOINFO Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana - Memoria 2010 | 3 Memoria Institucional 2010 PARTE IV 129 GESTIÓN INSTITUCIONAL 130 Proyección institucional: Regional PARTE V 151 GESTIÓN PRESUPUESTARIA-FINANCIERA 152 5.1. Presupuesto institucional global (PIG) 152 a) Presupuesto institucional global (PIG) 152 b) Transferencia y recaudación de ingresos global (TRIG) 153 c) Ejecución del gasto global (EGG) 154 d) Saldos de balance global 155 5.2. -
Irvingia Gabonensis Irvingiaceae (Aubrey-Lecomte Ex O. Rorke) Baill
Irvingia gabonensis (Aubrey-Lecomte ex O. Rorke) Baill. Irvingiaceae dika nut LOCAL NAMES English (wild mango,native mango,duiker nut,bush mango,bread tree,African mango tree); French (manguier sauvage,bobo); Hausa (goron,biri); Igbo (obono); Trade name (dika nut); Yoruba (oro) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Irvingia gabonensis grows to a height of 15-40 m, bole slightly buttressed. It has a dense, compact crown, branchlets ending in a narrow, curved, stipular sheath covering the leaf bud. Bark greyish, smooth or very slightly scaly; slash yellowish-brown to light yellow, brittle. Fruit on three-year-old trees in Onne, Nigeria (Anthony Simons) Leaves 5-15 x 2.5-6 cm, elliptic to slightly obovate, 1 margin often a little more rounded than the other, acute or shortly acuminate, cuneate or slightly rounded at the base; leathery dark green and glossy above; with 5- 10 pairs of irregular lateral veins, the lower ones running out nearly to the margin. Flowers yellowish to greenish-white, in slender, clustered racemes or small panicles above the leaves and about as long as them, or on the branchlets and younger branchlets; individual flower stalks slender, about 6 mm long, petals bent right back and soon falling off, disc bright yellow. Tree in degraded forest near Port Harcourt, Fruits yellowish when ripe, broadly ellipsoid and variable in size between Nigeria. (Anthony Simons) varieties, 5-7.5 cm with a yellow, fibrous pulp surrounding a large seed. The genus name commemorates E.G. Irving, 1816-1855, a Scots botanist. BIOLOGY I. gabonensis is hermaphroditic, with flowers being pollinated by Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera. -
Paleogenomics of Animal Domestication
Paleogenomics of Animal Domestication Evan K. Irving-Pease, Hannah Ryan, Alexandra Jamieson, Evangelos A. Dimopoulos, Greger Larson, and Laurent A. F. Frantz Abstract Starting with dogs, over 15,000 years ago, the domestication of animals has been central in the development of modern societies. Because of its importance for a range of disciplines – including archaeology, biology and the humanities – domestication has been studied extensively. This chapter reviews how the field of paleogenomics has revolutionised, and will continue to revolutionise, our under- standing of animal domestication. We discuss how the recovery of ancient DNA from archaeological remains is allowing researchers to overcome inherent shortcom- ings arising from the analysis of modern DNA alone. In particular, we show how DNA, extracted from ancient substrates, has proven to be a crucial source of information to reconstruct the geographic and temporal origin of domestic species. We also discuss how ancient DNA is being used by geneticists and archaeologists to directly observe evolutionary changes linked to artificial and natural selection to generate a richer understanding of this fascinating process. Keywords Ancient DNA · Archaeology · Domestication · Entomology · Evolution · Genomics · Zoology E. K. Irving-Pease (*) · H. Ryan · A. Jamieson · E. A. Dimopoulos · G. Larson The Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK e-mail: [email protected] L. A. F. Frantz (*) The Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK e-mail: [email protected] Charlotte Lindqvist and Om P. -
Evolutionary History of Floral Key Innovations in Angiosperms Elisabeth Reyes
Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms Elisabeth Reyes To cite this version: Elisabeth Reyes. Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms. Botanics. Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), 2016. English. NNT : 2016SACLS489. tel-01443353 HAL Id: tel-01443353 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01443353 Submitted on 23 Jan 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. NNT : 2016SACLS489 THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY, préparée à l’Université Paris-Sud ÉCOLE DOCTORALE N° 567 Sciences du Végétal : du Gène à l’Ecosystème Spécialité de Doctorat : Biologie Par Mme Elisabeth Reyes Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms Thèse présentée et soutenue à Orsay, le 13 décembre 2016 : Composition du Jury : M. Ronse de Craene, Louis Directeur de recherche aux Jardins Rapporteur Botaniques Royaux d’Édimbourg M. Forest, Félix Directeur de recherche aux Jardins Rapporteur Botaniques Royaux de Kew Mme. Damerval, Catherine Directrice de recherche au Moulon Président du jury M. Lowry, Porter Curateur en chef aux Jardins Examinateur Botaniques du Missouri M. Haevermans, Thomas Maître de conférences au MNHN Examinateur Mme. Nadot, Sophie Professeur à l’Université Paris-Sud Directeur de thèse M. -
Genetics and Animal Domestication: New Windows on an Elusive Process K
Journal of Zoology. Print ISSN 0952-8369 Genetics and animal domestication: new windows on an elusive process K. Dobney1 & G. Larson2 1 Department of Archaeology, University of Durham, Durham, UK 2 Department of Zoology, Henry Wellcome Ancient Biomolecules Centre, University of Oxford, UK Keywords Abstract domestication; genetics; phylogeography; molecular clocks; paedomorphosis. Domesticated animals are universally familiar. How, when, where and why they became domesticated is less well understood. The genetic revolution of the past few Correspondence decades has facilitated novel insights into a field that previously was principally the Greger Larson, Department of Zoology, domain of archaeozoologists. Although some of the conclusions drawn from Henry Wellcome Ancient Biomolecules genetic data have proved to be contentious, many studies have significantly altered Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks or refined our understanding of past human animal relationships. This review Road OX1 3PS, UK seeks not only to discuss the wider concerns and ramifications of genetic Email: [email protected] approaches to the study of animal domestication but also to provide a broader theoretical framework for understanding the process itself. More specifically, we Received 6 July 2005; accepted 8 September discuss issues related to the terminology associated with domestication, the 2005 possibility of domestication genes, and the promise and problems of genetics to answer the fundamental questions associated with domestication. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00042.x Introduction Defining domestication Over the past 10 000 years, human history has been wholly Terminology typically used in domestication studies, including transformed by the domestication of plants and animals. the word ‘domestication’ itself, is often confusing and poorly Although the term ‘domestic animal’ has universal meaning, defined. -
The Gradual Loss of African Indigenous Vegetables in Tropical America: a Review
The Gradual Loss of African Indigenous Vegetables in Tropical America: A Review 1 ,2 INA VANDEBROEK AND ROBERT VOEKS* 1The New York Botanical Garden, Institute of Economic Botany, 2900 Southern Boulevard, The Bronx, NY 10458, USA 2Department of Geography & the Environment, California State University—Fullerton, 800 N. State College Blvd., Fullerton, CA 92832, USA *Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected] Leaf vegetables and other edible greens are a crucial component of traditional diets in sub-Saharan Africa, used popularly in soups, sauces, and stews. In this review, we trace the trajectories of 12 prominent African indigenous vegetables (AIVs) in tropical America, in order to better understand the diffusion of their culinary and ethnobotanical uses by the African diaspora. The 12 AIVs were selected from African reference works and preliminary reports of their presence in the Americas. Given the importance of each of these vegetables in African diets, our working hypothesis was that the culinary traditions associated with these species would be continued in tropical America by Afro-descendant communities. However, a review of the historical and contemporary literature, and consultation with scholars, shows that the culinary uses of most of these vegetables have been gradually lost. Two noteworthy exceptions include okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) and callaloo (Amaranthus viridis), although the latter is not the species used in Africa and callaloo has only risen to prominence in Jamaica since the 1960s. Nine of the 12 AIVs found refuge in the African- derived religions Candomblé and Santería, where they remain ritually important. In speculating why these AIVs did not survive in the diets of the New World African diaspora, one has to contemplate the sociocultural, economic, and environmental forces that have shaped—and continue to shape—these foodways and cuisines since the Atlantic slave trade. -
Rethinking Dog Domestication by Integrating Genetics, Archeology, and Biogeography
Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography Greger Larsona,1, Elinor K. Karlssonb,c, Angela Perria, Matthew T. Webster d,SimonY.W.Hoe, Joris Petersf, Peter W. Stahl g, Philip J. Piperh,i, Frode Lingaasj, Merete Fredholmk, Kenine E. Comstockl, Jaime F. Modianom,n, Claude Schellingo, Alexander I. Agoulnikp, Peter A. Leegwaterq, Keith Dobneyr, Jean-Denis Vignes, Carles Vilàt, Leif Anderssond,u, and Kerstin Lindblad-Tohb,d aDurham Evolution and Ancient DNA, Department of Archaeology, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom; bBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA 02142; cFaculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge MA 02138; dScience for Life Laboratory Uppsala, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; eSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia; fVeterinary Sciences Department, Institute of Palaeoanatomy, Domestication Research and the History of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University, 80539 Munich, Germany; gDepartment of Anthropology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 2Y2; hSchool of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 200, Australia; iArchaeological Studies Program, University of the Philippines, Diliman, 1101, Quezon City, Philippines; jDepartment of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Division of Genetics, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, -
Detecting Sex and Selection in Ancient Cattle Remains Using
!! ! " # $ %&'%(&)% $ * +(+%(''()%(& , - ,,, .(%)/)&% ! " # $% % %&%%' ' ' ( )* + ) , -)$% %) , , . / , ( ). ) 0!1)22 ) )3,40154 566!501$ 52) . %%%% + + + ). ++ ' )* 2$0 ' 7 + )" + + ' ' ). + 4 ' ' ' '+ / + ) * ' + '' ) 5 8 ' 9 . 3 '' : + $%%%%51%%%% + + ).9 ,( + + '8 ' ' ) * + 7 )3 ,( + + + ' )* ' + +' ' 4 ) .,( 8 ! !" ! # !$ %&'( ! !)*+,-. ! ;-, $% % 3,, 26 52$ ! 3,40154 566!501$ 52 & &&& 5 $<$2 = &>> )7)> ? @ & &&& 5 $<$2 A Till mamma Art work on front page by Lotta Tomasson List of Papers This thesis is based on the following papers, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals. I Svensson, E.M., Axelsson, E., Vretemark, M., Makowiecki, D., Gilbert, M.T.P., Willerslev, E., Götherström, A. Insights into Y chromosomal genetic variation and effective population size in the extinct European aurochs Bos primigenius. Manuscript II Svensson, E., Götherström, A., (2008) Temporal fluctuations of Y-chromosomal variation in Bos taurus. Biology Letters, 4(6):752-754 III Svensson, E.M., Götherström, A., Vretemark, M. (2008) A DNA test for sex identification in cattle confirms osteometric results. Journal of Archaeological Science 35(4):942-946 IV Telldahl, Y., Svensson, E.M., Götherström, A., Storå, J.