Lost Educational Opportunities in Alternative Settings
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LOST EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES IN ALTERNATIVE SETTINGS JOINT HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON HEALTHY FAMILIES AND COMMUNITIES COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND LABOR AND THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON CRIME, TERRORISM, AND HOMELAND SECURITY COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION HEARING HELD IN WASHINGTON, DC, MARCH 12, 2009 Serial No. 111–7 Serial No. 111–5 (Committee on Education and Labor) (Committee on the Judiciary) Printed for the use of the Committee on Education and Labor and the Committee on the Judiciary ( Available on the Internet: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/house/education/index.html and http://www.house.gov/judiciary U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 47–722 PDF WASHINGTON : 2009 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION AND LABOR GEORGE MILLER, California, Chairman Dale E. Kildee, Michigan, Vice Chairman Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon, California, Donald M. Payne, New Jersey Senior Republican Member Robert E. Andrews, New Jersey Thomas E. Petri, Wisconsin Robert C. ‘‘Bobby’’ Scott, Virginia Peter Hoekstra, Michigan Lynn C. Woolsey, California Michael N. Castle, Delaware Rube´n Hinojosa, Texas Mark E. Souder, Indiana Carolyn McCarthy, New York Vernon J. Ehlers, Michigan John F. Tierney, Massachusetts Judy Biggert, Illinois Dennis J. Kucinich, Ohio Todd Russell Platts, Pennsylvania David Wu, Oregon Joe Wilson, South Carolina Rush D. Holt, New Jersey John Kline, Minnesota Susan A. Davis, California Cathy McMorris Rodgers, Washington Rau´ l M. Grijalva, Arizona Tom Price, Georgia Timothy H. Bishop, New York Rob Bishop, Utah Joe Sestak, Pennsylvania Brett Guthrie, Kentucky David Loebsack, Iowa Bill Cassidy, Louisiana Mazie Hirono, Hawaii Tom McClintock, California Jason Altmire, Pennsylvania Duncan Hunter, California Phil Hare, Illinois David P. Roe, Tennessee Yvette D. Clarke, New York Glenn Thompson, Pennsylvania Joe Courtney, Connecticut Carol Shea-Porter, New Hampshire Marcia L. Fudge, Ohio Jared Polis, Colorado Paul Tonko, New York Pedro R. Pierluisi, Puerto Rico Gregorio Kilili Camacho Sablan, Northern Mariana Islands Dina Titus, Nevada [Vacant] Mark Zuckerman, Staff Director Sally Stroup, Republican Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON HEALTHY FAMILIES AND COMMUNITIES CAROLYN McCARTHY, New York, Chairwoman Yvette D. Clarke, New York Todd Russell Platts, Pennsylvania, Robert C. ‘‘Bobby’’ Scott, Virginia Ranking Minority Member Carol Shea-Porter, New Hampshire Howard P. ‘‘Buck’’ McKeon, California Paul Tonko, New York Brett Guthrie, Kentucky Jared Polis, Colorado David P. Roe, Tennessee George Miller, California Glenn Thompson, Pennsylvania [Vacant] (II) COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan, Chairman HOWARD L. BERMAN, California LAMAR SMITH, Texas RICK BOUCHER, Virginia F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR., JERROLD NADLER, New York Wisconsin ROBERT C. ‘‘BOBBY’’ SCOTT, Virginia HOWARD COBLE, North Carolina MELVIN L. WATT, North Carolina ELTON GALLEGLY, California ZOE LOFGREN, California BOB GOODLATTE, Virginia SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas DANIEL E. LUNGREN, California MAXINE WATERS, California DARRELL E. ISSA, California WILLIAM D. DELAHUNT, Massachusetts J. RANDY FORBES, Virginia ROBERT WEXLER, Florida STEVE KING, Iowa STEVE COHEN, Tennessee TRENT FRANKS, Arizona HENRY C. ‘‘HANK’’ JOHNSON, JR., LOUIE GOHMERT, Texas Georgia JIM JORDAN, Ohio PEDRO PIERLUISI, Puerto Rico TED POE, Texas LUIS V. GUTIERREZ, Illinois JASON CHAFFETZ, Utah BRAD SHERMAN, California TOM ROONEY, Florida TAMMY BALDWIN, Wisconsin GREGG HARPER, Mississippi CHARLES A. GONZALEZ, Texas ANTHONY D. WEINER, New York ADAM B. SCHIFF, California LINDA T. SA´ NCHEZ, California DEBBIE WASSERMAN SCHULTZ, Florida DANIEL MAFFEI, New York [Vacant] PERRY APELBAUM, Staff Director and Chief Counsel SEAN MCLAUGHLIN, Minority Chief of Staff and General Counsel SUBCOMMITTEE ON CRIME, TERRORISM, AND HOMELAND SECURITY ROBERT C. ‘‘BOBBY’’ SCOTT, Virginia, Chairman PEDRO PIERLUISI, Puerto Rico LOUIE GOHMERT, Texas JERROLD NADLER, New York TED POE, Texas ZOE LOFGREN, California J. RANDY FORBES, Virginia SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas TOM ROONEY, Florida MAXINE WATERS, California BOB GOODLATTE, Virginia STEVE COHEN, Tennessee DANIEL E. LUNGREN, California ANTHONY D. WEINER, New York DEBBIE WASSERMAN SCHULTZ, Florida BOBBY VASSAR, Chief Counsel CAROLINE LYNCH, Minority Counsel (III) CONTENTS Page Joint hearing held on March 12, 2009 ................................................................... 1 Statement of Members: McCarthy, Hon. Carolyn, Chairwoman, Subcommittee on Healthy Fami- lies and Communities ................................................................................... 1 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 3 Platts, Hon. Todd Russell, Senior Republican Member, Subcommittee on Healthy Families and Communities ...................................................... 7 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 7 Scott, Hon. Robert C. ‘‘Bobby,’’ Chairman, Subcommittee on Crime, Ter- rorism, and Homeland Security ................................................................... 4 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 6 Statement of Witnesses: Blomberg, Thomas, professor of criminology, Florida State University ...... 12 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 15 Responses to questions for the record ..................................................... 66 Brooke, Linda, director, government relations and education service, Ju- venile Justice Alternative Education Programs ......................................... 18 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 20 Cave, Cynthia A., Ph.D., Director, Office of Student Services, Virginia Department of Education ............................................................................. 24 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 26 Responses to questions for the record ..................................................... 67 Dixon, Leonard B., Executive Director, Wayne County, MI, Juvenile De- tention Facility .............................................................................................. 32 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 33 Steel, Janeen, executive director, Learning Rights Law Center .................. 37 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 38 Responses to questions for the record ..................................................... 70 Additional submissions: Table: ‘‘Abstracts of Articles’’ ............................................................ 76 ‘‘California Rules of Court and Welfare and Institutions Code 241.1’’ ............................................................................................... 77 ‘‘Foster Care Education Advocacy—Crossover Youth Project’’ ....... 81 Whitmore, Robert C., D.Ed., CEO, Manito, Inc. ............................................ 29 Prepared statement of ............................................................................... 30 Responses to questions for the record ..................................................... 74 (V) LOST EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES IN ALTERNATIVE SETTINGS Thursday, March 12, 2009 U.S. House of Representatives Subcommittee on Healthy Families and Communities Committee on Education and Labor Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security Committee on the Judiciary Washington, DC The subcommittees met, pursuant to call, at 10:03 a.m., in Room 2175, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Carolyn McCarthy [chairwoman of the Healthy Families and Communities Sub- committee] presiding. Present from the Subcommittee on Healthy Families: Represent- atives McCarthy, Clarke, Scott, Shea-Porter, Platts, McKeon, and Guthrie. Present from the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism and Home- land Security: Scott, Pierluisi, Jackson Lee, Gohmert, Poe, and Goodlatte. Staff present from the Subcommittee on Healthy Families: Pau- lette Acevedo, Legislative Fellow; Tylease Alli, Hearing Clerk; Fran-Victoria Cox, Staff Attorney; David Hartzler, Systems Admin- istrator; Fred Jones, Staff Assistant, Education; Jessica Kahanek, Press Assistant; Sharon Lewis, Senior Disability Policy Advisor; Joe Novotny, Chief Clerk; Lisa Pugh, Legislative Fellow, Edu- cation; Kim Zarish-Becknell, Policy Advisor, Subcommittee on Healthy Families and Communities; Stephanie Arras, Minority Legislative Assistant; James Bergeron, Minority Deputy Director of Education and Human Services Policy; Robert Borden, Minority General Counsel; Kirsten Duncan, Minority Professional Staff Member; and Linda Stevens, Minority Chief Clerk/Assistant to the General Counsel. Staff present from the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism and Homeland Security: Veronica Eligan, Professional Staff Member; Jesselyn McCurdy, Counsel; Bobby Vassar, Chief Counsel; Karen Wilkinson, (Fellow) Federal Public Defender Office Detailee; Kimani Little, Minority Counsel; and Caroline Lynch, Minority Counsel. Chairwoman MCCARTHY [presiding]. A quorum