A Influência Das Grandes Redes Varejistas No Comércio E Na Cidade: Um Estudo De Caso Sobre Vitória Da Conquista

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A Influência Das Grandes Redes Varejistas No Comércio E Na Cidade: Um Estudo De Caso Sobre Vitória Da Conquista A influência das grandes redes varejistas no comércio e na cidade: um estudo de caso sobre Vitória da Conquista Francis José Pereira ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tdx.cat) y a través del Repositorio Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB. No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al resumen de presentación de la tesis como a sus contenidos. En la utilización o cita de partes de la tesis es obligado indicar el nombre de la persona autora. WARNING. On having consulted this thesis you’re accepting the following use conditions: Spreading this thesis by the TDX (www.tdx.cat) service and by the UB Digital Repository (diposit.ub.edu) has been authorized by the titular of the intellectual property rights only for private uses placed in investigation and teaching activities. Reproduction with lucrative aims is not authorized nor its spreading and availability from a site foreign to the TDX service or to the UB Digital Repository. Introducing its content in a window or frame foreign to the TDX service or to the UB Digital Repository is not authorized (framing). Those rights affect to the presentation summary of the thesis as well as to its contents. In the using or citation of parts of the thesis it’s obliged to indicate the name of the author. FACULTAT DE GEOGRAFIA I HISTÒRIA PROGRAMA DE DOCTORADO EM PLANIFICACION TERRITORIAL Y GESTION AMBIENTAL FRANCIS JOSÉ PEREIRA A INFLUÊNCIA DAS GRANDES REDES VAREJISTAS NO COMÉRCIO E NA CIDADE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE VITÓRIA DA CONQUISTA BARCELONA, 2013 A INFLUÊNCIA DAS GRANDES REDES VAREJISTAS NO COMÉRCIO E NA CIDADE: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE VITÓRIA DA CONQUISTA. Tesis doctoral realizada por Francis José Pereira Director Dr. Carles Carreras i Verdaguer Universitat de Barcelona Departamento de Geografia Humana Programa de doctorado em Planificacion Territorial y Gestion Ambiental Barcelona, fevereiro de 2013. Tesi doctoral para optar al título de doctor por la universitat de Barcelona AGRADECIMENTOS Desenvolver uma tese de doutorado é realmente desafiador. Fica a certeza de que o resultado final é fruto da colaboração de muitos que, de alguma forma, contribuíram para que fosse possível, ao longo destes quatro anos de estudos e pesquisas, aprender um pouco mais sobre a complexa vida em sociedade. Assim, expresso meus agradecimentos: Ao meu orientador, professor Dr. Carles Carreras y Verdaguer, um especial agradecimento por ter compartilhado comigo, de forma objetiva, seus sábios conhecimentos. Como seu aluno, aprendi o quanto ainda temos de nos dedicar para compreender as relações entre a cidade e o comércio. O dia a dia das orientações me permitiu confirmar, mais uma vez, que os novos meios de comunicação realmente alteraram o entendimento das distâncias e modificaram o cotidiano dos seres humanos. Estarei sempre disposto a aprender mais e mais com você. À Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, na pessoa do seu reitor, professor Paulo Roberto Santos, e à Universidade de Barcelona, na pessoa do seu reitor, Dídac Ramírez i Sarrió, agradeço a oportunidade de ampliar meus conhecimentos para que possa, no exercício da minha profissão, retribuir para a sociedade todo o aprendizado adquirido ao longo deste curso. Ao professor doutor Abel Rebouças São José, por ter sido o reitor da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia que ampliou as fronteiras da UESB e viabilizou importantes convênios internacionais que permitem que professores e funcionários ampliem seus conhecimentos. Muito obrigado pelas orientações complementares, pois, mesmo ocupando funções administrativas, nunca deixou de ser um professor sempre disposto a nos ensinar. Um exemplo para todos nós. À professora doutora Mônica de Moura Pires, da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, a minha gratidão pelas orientações que foram importantes na construção desta tese. A sua cordialidade e disponibilidade em ensinar serão sempre uma referência na minha vida profissional. Aos professores da Universidade de Barcelona que fazem parte deste programa de doutorado, quero dizer que cada um de vocês foi importante para ampliar meus conhecimentos e incorporar vários fundamentos da Geografia à minha área de atuação. Aprendi com vocês que os conhecimentos da Geografia são imprescindíveis para a gestão eficiente da comunicação e do marketing. Aos professores Javier Martin Vide, Xavier Úbeda, Juan Tort, Dolore Sanchez, Amparo Cortes, Francesc Palomeque, o meu reconhecimento e gratidão. À professora Isabel Pujadas, coordenadora deste curso, obrigado pelas orientações em cada etapa. As suas palavas sempre trouxeram a tranquilidade e a certeza para seguir em frente. Ao professor Luis Luzón Benedicto, obrigado pela interlocução entre as duas universidades. Agradeço ao colega e professor Sergio Moreno Redón, pelas orientações em relação à estrutura desta tese e indicações de referencial bibliográfico. Sua disponibilidade e profissionalismo foram fatores motivacionais para dar continuidade a este estudo. Aos meus colegas de curso, Francisco Carvalho e Roberto Paulo Machado Lopes, pela constante troca de informações para concluirmos mais esta etapa em nossas vidas. E aos demais colegas, agradeço pela harmoniosa convivência. Em especial, agradeço à minha família. Aos meus pais, Lodária e Francisco, cujos ensinamentos são os verdadeiros pilares da minha vida. À minha irmã, Mírian, professora doutora, agradeço por estar sempre por perto e por nos ajudar a superar os desafios. Aos sobrinhos Gabi e Álvaro, digo que essa vida de adulto é “corrida” mesmo. Nem sempre o tio tem tempo de estar com vocês! Obrigado. A minha esposa, Daniela, agradeço pelo carinho destinado aos nossos filhos e pela compreensão das ausências necessárias para que possa cumprir os meus deveres profissionais. Obrigado pelo incondicional apoio de sempre. Para Maria Fernanda, minha filha, obrigado por me ensinar tantas coisas legais desse mundo dos seus seis anos de idade! Tenho aprendido tantas coisas com você. Lembre-se sempre do que Vinícius de Moraes escreveu: por mais longa que seja a caminhada o mais importante é dar o primeiro passo. Você já está no caminho certo, daqui a alguns anos será também uma doutora. Seja sempre feliz. Ao Rafael, meu filho caçula, saiba que a nossa vida em familia ficou muito melhor desde que você chegou por aqui. O seu sorriso nos motiva a viver mais e mais. Obrigado por estar por perto. Além do mais, são poucas as pessoas que têm este privilégio. Por fim, agradeço a Deus, por este momento. Dedico aos meus pais, Francisco e Lodária; a minha irmã, Mirian Pereira e a minha família: Daniela Porto da Cunha Pereira, Maria Fernanda Porto Pereira e Rafael Porto Pereira. RESUMO O comércio varejista em todo o mundo se solidifica como um setor de extrema importância para a economia mundial. No Brasil, com a estabilidade econômica e o aumento do poder de compra dos consumidores, cada vez mais empresas deste segmento passam a fazer parte da lista das maiores empresas brasileiras. Neste momento de crescimento e consolidação da atividade varejista, as grandes redes, nacionais ou internacionais, vêm investindo mais, a fim de identificar cidades com potencial de consumo para expandir suas atividades e ampliar a sua lucratividade. Para tanto, adotam estratégias de marketing e conhecimentos da área de geografia, como, por exemplo, o sistema de informação geográfica e geomarketing, para que possam mapear o mercado e ter melhor posicionamento e vantagem competitiva em relação aos seus concorrentes. A atuação em novos mercados acaba por influenciar na realização de mudanças no comércio local e nas cidades onde se instalam. Diante dessa realidade, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo geral de evidenciar as principais influências da inserção no mercado de grandes redes varejistas no comércio e na cidade, a partir de estudo de caso da cidade de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil. O procedimento metodológico foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira, foram feitos os levantamentos bibliográficos, para a construção da revisão de literatura sobre o objeto de análise, por meio de relatórios setoriais, teses, dissertações, revistas, sites e jornais especializados, artigos, livros e relatórios de pesquisas de mercado. A segunda etapa consistiu na pesquisa exploratória com abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa aplicadas aos gestores varejistas e consumidores locais. As metodologias utilizadas permitiram um melhor delineamento do estudo de caso, de forma a alcançar os objetivos propostos e confirmar a hipótese de que as grandes redes varejistas, ao identificarem cidades com potencial de consumo, que possam garantir o aumento da sua lucratividade, direcionam seus investimentos de forma a alcançar essas metas.
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