Medications Sold in the United States that Can Cause
Confirmed Positive Drug Test Results
Medication Nonprescription Prescription Medications Medications (components or their metabolites) Amphetamines I–methamphetamine I–amphetamine and l-methamphetamine -amphetamine (Vicks Inhaler and Selegiline (Eldepryl and Ensam patch) is metabolized -methamphetamine generic equivalents) to l-methamphetamine and l-amphetamine
l-amphetamine and d-amphetamine Adderall (approximately 3:1 mixture of d- to to l- amphetamine)
d-amphetamine Dexedrine Paremyd ophthalmic (hydroxyampohetamine) is metabolized to d-amphetamine
Procentra
Vyvanase (lisdexamfetamine dimesylate) is
metabolized to d-amphetamine
d-amphetamine and d-methamphetamine
Didrex (benzphetamine) is metabolized to d-
methamphetamine and d-amphetamine
Desoxyn contains d-methamphetamine. It is metabolized to d-amphetamine
MDMA, MDA, MDEA None None Barbiturates -Butabarbital None Butisol -Butalbital None Ascomp with codeine Esgic and Esgic-Plus Fioricet Fiorinal Phrenilin Zebutal
-Pentobarbital None Nembutal
-Phenobarbital None Bellergal-S Donnatal Hysophen Mysoline (Primidone) is metabolized to phenobarbital
Medication Nonprescription Prescription Medications Medications Benzodiazepines -Alprazolam None Niravan Xanax
-Chlordiazepoxide None Librax Librium Limbitrol
-Clonazepam None Klonopin
-Clorazepate None Tranxene
-Diazepam None Diastat Valium
-Estazolam None available as generic
-Temazepam None Restoril
Cocaine None Cocaine hydrochloride, solution or viscous, used as a vasoconstrictive anesthetic, e.g., in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, and dentistry.
TAC (tetracaine, adrenaline, and cocaine mixture). Used in some emergency rooms as a topical anesthetic, e.g., before suturing.
Brompton’s Cocktail (contains an opiate - usually morphine – and cocaine and/or a phenothiazine); used in past years, rarely now, for pain control of the terminally ill.
Marijuana None [Note: AK, CO, Dronabinol WA recently added.] Marinol
Marijuana More than 20 states and the District of Columbia allow use of marijuana for certain medical conditions under a physician’s direction. These laws do not supersede DOT’s position that marijuana is not an acceptable medical explanation for a positive result.
Methaqualone None None
Medication Nonprescription Prescription Medications Medications Opioids: -Buprenorphine None Burprenex Butrans Suboxone Zubsolv
-Codeine Several states allow Cheratussin with codeine over-the-counter Synalgos sales of codeine- Many drugs are sold in combination with codeine as containing cough stated in their names, e.g., Promethazine with medicines codeine, Tylenol with codeine etc.
-Fentanyl None Abstral Actiq Duragesic Fentora Lazanda Onsolis Subsys
Hydrocodone None Co-Gesic Hycet Hydromet Lorcet Lortab Norco Reprexain Rezira TussiCaps Tussigon Tussionex Vicodin Vicoprofen Zutripro Zydone
-Hydromorphone None Dilaudid Exalgo Hydromorphone can also be produced by large amounts of morphine through a minor metabolic pathway
-Meperidine None Demerol
Medication Nonprescription Prescription Medications Medications Methadone None Dolophine Methadose
-Morphine Donnagel-PG Apokyn Infantol Pink Astramorph Kaodene with Avinza paregoric Brompton’s Cocktail (see “Cocaine” above) Quiagel PG DepoDur Duramorph Embeda Infumorph Kadian MS Contin
-Oxycodone None Endocet Endodan Oxecta Oxycontin Percocet Percodan Roxicet Roxicodone Roxilox Tylox
-Oxymorphone None Opana
-Propoxyphene None Propoxyphene-containing medications were removed from the U.S. market in November 2010
Robert B. Swotinsky. The Medical Review Officer’s Manual, 5th Edition, 2015, Exhibit 11-3, pp 151-152. With permission from MROCC.