Medications Sold in the United States that Can Cause

Confirmed Positive Drug Test Results

Medication Nonprescription Prescription Medications Medications (components or their metabolites) I– I– and l-methamphetamine -amphetamine (Vicks Inhaler and Selegiline (Eldepryl and Ensam patch) is metabolized -methamphetamine generic equivalents) to l-methamphetamine and l-amphetamine

l-amphetamine and d-amphetamine Adderall (approximately 3:1 mixture of d- to to l- amphetamine)

d-amphetamine Dexedrine Paremyd ophthalmic (hydroxyampohetamine) is metabolized to d-amphetamine

Procentra

Vyvanase (lisdexamfetamine dimesylate) is

metabolized to d-amphetamine

d-amphetamine and d-methamphetamine

Didrex (benzphetamine) is metabolized to d-

methamphetamine and d-amphetamine

Desoxyn contains d-methamphetamine. It is metabolized to d-amphetamine

MDMA, MDA, MDEA None None Barbiturates -Butabarbital None Butisol -Butalbital None Ascomp with Esgic and Esgic-Plus Fioricet Fiorinal Phrenilin Zebutal

-Pentobarbital None Nembutal

-Phenobarbital None Bellergal-S Donnatal Hysophen Mysoline (Primidone) is metabolized to phenobarbital

Medication Nonprescription Prescription Medications Medications Benzodiazepines -Alprazolam None Niravan Xanax

-Chlordiazepoxide None Librax Librium Limbitrol

-Clonazepam None Klonopin

-Clorazepate None Tranxene

-Diazepam None Diastat Valium

-Estazolam None available as generic

-Temazepam None Restoril

Cocaine None hydrochloride, solution or viscous, used as a vasoconstrictive anesthetic, e.g., in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, and dentistry.

TAC (tetracaine, adrenaline, and cocaine mixture). Used in some emergency rooms as a topical anesthetic, e.g., before suturing.

Brompton’s Cocktail (contains an - usually – and cocaine and/or a phenothiazine); used in past years, rarely now, for pain control of the terminally ill.

Marijuana None [Note: AK, CO, Dronabinol WA recently added.] Marinol

Marijuana More than 20 states and the District of Columbia allow use of marijuana for certain medical conditions under a physician’s direction. These laws do not supersede DOT’s position that marijuana is not an acceptable medical explanation for a positive result.

Methaqualone None None

Medication Nonprescription Prescription Medications Medications : - None Burprenex Butrans Suboxone Zubsolv

-Codeine Several states allow Cheratussin with codeine over-the-counter Synalgos sales of codeine- Many drugs are sold in combination with codeine as containing cough stated in their names, e.g., Promethazine with medicines codeine, Tylenol with codeine etc.

- None Abstral Actiq Duragesic Fentora Lazanda Onsolis Subsys

Hydrocodone None Co-Gesic Hycet Hydromet Lorcet Lortab Norco Reprexain Rezira TussiCaps Tussigon Tussionex Vicodin Vicoprofen Zutripro Zydone

- None Dilaudid Exalgo Hydromorphone can also be produced by large amounts of morphine through a minor metabolic pathway

-Meperidine None Demerol

Medication Nonprescription Prescription Medications Medications None Dolophine Methadose

-Morphine Donnagel-PG Apokyn Infantol Pink Astramorph Kaodene with Avinza paregoric Brompton’s Cocktail (see “Cocaine” above) Quiagel PG DepoDur Duramorph Embeda Infumorph Kadian MS Contin

- None Endocet Endodan Oxecta Oxycontin Percocet Percodan Roxicet Roxicodone Roxilox Tylox

- None Opana

-Propoxyphene None Propoxyphene-containing medications were removed from the U.S. market in November 2010

Robert B. Swotinsky. The Medical Review Officer’s Manual, 5th Edition, 2015, Exhibit 11-3, pp 151-152. With permission from MROCC.