1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE ...__ 6965 H. n. 9967. An act authorizing an expenditure of $6,000 :Myers, professor of politics at Princeton University, on Gov­ from the tribal funds of the Chippewa Indians of Minnesota ernment problems. I thought perhaps some of our colleagues for the construction of a road on the Leech Lake Reserva­ might want to hear him. tion; and INDIAN COMMISSIONER BURKE TO " ANSWER QUESTIOXS " H. J. Res.134. Joint resolution authorizing the Cherokee In­ dians, the Seminole · Indians, the Creek Indians, and the 1\Ir. FREAR. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex- Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians to prosecute claims, jointly tend my remarks in the RECORD upon Indian affairs. or seYerally, in one or more petitions, as each of said Indian The SPEAKER. Is there objection? nations or tribes may elect; to the Committee on Indian There was no objection. Affairs. 1\Ir. FREAR. 1\lr. Speaker, under leaye to extend remarks, permit me to say tllflt through a newspaper published in my TRUNK-LINE SEWER THRO"CGH FORT MYER, VA.. district in Wisconsin I find printed a letter sent by Indian 1\Ir. CAMERON. From the Committee on Military Affairs Commissioner Burke to Ohairman LEAI'ITT, of the Indian Af­ I report back favorably without amendment the bill (H. R. fairs Committee, in which Mr. Burke offers to "answer ques­ 3921) to authorize the Secretary of ·war to enter into an tions" that may.be propounded to him by the Indian Commit­ agreement with the Clarendon Community Sewerage Co., grant­ tee. As Mr. Burke's letter was dated April 1 and the paper ing it a right of way for a trunk-line sewer through the Fort was published 1,200 miles distan-t on April 4, it shows the Myer Military Re en·ation and across the military highways excellent publicity bureau now -maintained by l\Ir. Burke that in. Arlington County, Va., and to connect with the sewer line enables him to have published a letter apparently no~ sent by serving such reservation, and I submit a report (Nt>. 559) any press sernce so far as the news item discloses. thereon. In order that the record may be properly made up to date I l\Ir. SWANSON. Mr. President, the bill just reported by the call attention to the fact that on 1\farch 4, 1926, I spoke in Senator from Apzona from the Committee on :Military Affairs the House on the "Indian Bureau's chains and manacles," proposes to pe:l"'mit tlle construction of a trunk-line sewer which term was applied both to person and property of the acroa · a little piece of land that belongs to the Go\ernment in Indians now controlled by Indian Commissioner Burke. At Arlington County. The Secretary of War recommends the that time I set forth in a dozen or more pages of the REconD passage of the bill. It is Yery important that this work should facts that were vouched for by many witnesses of numerous commence for the summer on account of sewerage conditions. evidences of mismanagement, robbery of the Government"s I ask unanimous consent for the immediate consideration of wards, and systematic oppression. On that same day and about the bill, which has, of course, already been passed by the four weeks before the Burke letter was written I introduced Hou e. in the House a resolution of in\estigation of the Indian Bureau The VICE PRESIDE~"'T. I s there objection? in support of many specific charges discussed on that day. There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of That resolution was as follows: the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. It authorizes the Secretary of War, if in his opinion it is not inconsistent with RESOLUTION FOR HfTESTIGATIOX OF IXDIAN BUREAU the interests of the Government, to enter into an agreement IN THE HOuSE OF REPRESE:STATIVES, with the Clarendon Community Sewerage Co., a corporation Mat·oh 4, 192/i. existing under the laws of the State of Virginia, granting it a Mr. FREAR introduced the following joint resolution; which was re­ right of way for a trunk-line sewer through the Fort Myer ferred to the Committee on Rules and ordered to be printed: Military Reservation and across the military highways in Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 189) authorizing the appointment of a Arlington County, Ya., subject to such terms and conditions committee to investigate the Indian Bureau and rP-port thereon and providing for such compensation to the United States as Whereas Congress in 1924 granted citizenship to every adult Indian may be agreed to by the Secretary of War and the Clarendon for the purpose of enabling him or her to become a self-supporting, Community Sewerage Co., and to connect with the sewer line responsible member of society ; and serving such reservation, such agreement to be limited to a Whereas through 70 years of bureaucratic guardianship the Indian period of five years, renewable from time to time thereafter ha.s been held by the Indian Bureau in a. hopeless, un-American, and for five-year periods, within the discretion of the Secretary of unambitious position, with 240,000, or two-thirds of all Indians, still War, upon terms and conditions acceptable to him, and revo­ kept by the Indian Bureau in a restricted condition and declared by cable at any time within the discretion of the Secretary of 1t to be incompetent to own or manage property, this status being w ·ar. determined by the Indian Bureau itself without right of court review; The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, and ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Whereas the Indian Bureau, directed by Commissioner Burke and RECESS Assistant Commissioner Meritt, exercises practically unlimited control Mr. CURTIS. I move that the Senate take a recess, the over Indian property estimated at $1,600,000,000 in value ancl bas recess being until noon to-morrow. consistently, through administrative usurpation and through a ceaseless The motion was agreed to; and (at 5 o'clock and 20 minutes persuasion of Congress, increased its power as a means of political-ly p. m.) the Senate, pursuant to the previous order, took a perpetuating itself in more than 5,000 salaried positions paid for by recess until to-morrow, Wednesday, April 7, 1026, at 12 o'clock the taxpayers and by the Indians without the Indians' consent; and meridian. Whereas the Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs has mne was threatened. The statistics were exact and were 5 copy of a letter sent by Commissioner Burke, of the Bureau of I • based not on annual vital statistical reports of the Indian Bureau dian Affairs, to you dated April 1, which letter states that if three alone, but on allotment charts and official and unofficial count of the members or more of the Indian Affairs Committee desire him to do so, Indians actually dead. Here again a response appear·s to be desirable, he, the commissioner, will now answer any questions affecting " mis· though I can see your position, the forum might not be the most con~ information, misleading, and untrue statements made by Mr. FREAR elusive place at which to give the response. in speeches of ;\larch 5 and March 26, 1926." On the subject of making response to criticism when formulated by If any statement made by me 4J:I incorrect, the commls:iioner owes it responsible per ons and when detailed in its character, I would remind to both of us and to the public to make correction, and opportunity you that Presidents of the United States have not deemed that it was has been afforded him in every possible way to do this in the past. wanting in dignity, or against their constitutional prerogatives, to For over two weeks, at the invitation of members who advised me make public reply before meetings of citizens to charges and criticisms. they would speak in the House, I awaited some one authorized to It i!:l not wholly clear to me wherein the Indian Blll'eau possesses a dig­ defend the bureau. The commissioner says he will appear before the nity, remoteness, and impregnability greater than that of the successive committee where every member of a committee depends upon the com:-­ Presidents of the United States. missioner's approval for In(}ian legislation desired by those whom the Sincerely and respectfully yours, Jooso~ KING, Director. member represents. Again Commissioner Burke refused to appear in person or Early in March about 30 Indians representing different tribes then by representation in the presence of those 'vho had listened in Washington, together with other speakers, including Rabbi Wise, a to specific charges against himself and the Indian Bureau. noted publicist, appeared at a dinner at the Lafayette Hotel where Thereafter, on April 1, as though the date was significant about 150 guests, including a number of Senators and Representatives of the purpose of the letter, Commissioner Burke sent to Chair­ in Congress were present. At this public forum Indian and white man LEA.VITT of the Indian Affairs Committee of the House speakers made serious charges against the Indian llureau for its in· a letter, of which copies were thoughtfully sent to papers in competency and worse, and Commissioner Burke was unanimously in· my dish·ict at the same time. That letter is as follows: vited by resolution to appear at a subsequent meeting of the forum in person or by a representative to answer the charges there matle. U~ITED STATES DEPARTli1ENT OF THE INTERIOR, This, I understand, he declined to do. That invitation occurred sub· OFFICE OF TilE COM~IISSIO~ER OF IXDI.AX AFFAIRS, sequent to my speech on March 5, to which Commissioner Burke now Washington, AP1il 1, 1926. lion. SCOTT LEAVITT, offers to make a belated answer to questions. The Indians then in Washington and others familiar with important facts there developed Cltainnatl Committee on Indian Affairs, have now generally returned to their homes or reservations. House of Rept·escntatit·es. Commissioner Burke controls $90,000,000 in Indian money and se­ l\IY DEAR :MR. LE.AVITT: In the remarks of my friend the Ilon. Mr. curities and $1,600,000,000 in Indian property, and holtls the purse FREAn, of Wisconsin, appearing in the Co~GR.ESSIONAL RECORD of strings that would enable them, if at all, to return to Washington to March 26, 1926, referring to remarks made on a former occasion testify. Important witnesses that any congressional investigation and appearing in the RECORD of March 5, 192(3, Mr. FREAR stated: could properly subprena can not be produced before the Indian Com­ " I would not willingly do Mr. Burke any injustice, but he should mittee of the House without legislation. Over a month ago I offered a come out in the open if any of these statements are inconect and definite resolution for investigation, that Commissioner Burke should plead his case before the public, or, better, before a committee of the have welcomed, to be held before a congressional committee empowered llouse or Senate, where the record will be made." to subprena witnesses. With our Indian Committee largely dependent As I tlo not consider what Mr. FnE~R has stated constitutes an upon his favors and approval for any Indian legislation desired by indictment, I do not feel called upon to " plead" my case before the individual Members, and without witnesses recently available, I submit public or elsewhere. I am, however, ready and glad to appear. before the commissioner's failure to appear before a public forum or offer for your committee at any• time to answer his charges and answei any a proper congressional investigating committee is without reasona!Jle questions that any member of the committee may wish to ask me. explanation. In view of the mi. information, misleading and untrue statements made The commissioner offers at this late date to appear before three or by 1\Ir. FnE-lR, if tllere are as many as three members of your com­ more members of our committee to answer questions. Will other wit­ mittee who feel that they would like me to an. wer them, it is my nesses have opportunity to ::lppear, and will the commissioner bring desire and hope that the committee will fix a time and afford mf' the thPm or permit them to come to Washington at their tribe's expense? opportunity to do so, the time to be agreeable to 1\Ir. FREAR, in order Will the committee be empowered to subprena witnesses or ·will the that be may be present. commissioner, who controls the Indian purse strings, bring before the Respectfully, committee witnesses who should be here? Is his letter a gesture after CHARLES II. BunKE, Oommissioner·. the parties have gone home? Speaking personally, questions affecting 'Without the presence of witnesses or any means of subpama the past record and policy of the bureau and of the commissioner in of those gone horne or ot!Jers who " 'ould be brought here by handling Indian affairs are primarily matters that should properly be any real inr-estigating committee, Commissioner Burke finally inquired into, and the commissioner dignifies me in his letter by saying now says, through the press, he will appear before the Indian arrangements may be made to suit my convenience. I appreciate the Committee and answer charges or questions. courtesy and ask in return, if he appears, if witnesses may be brought It was shown by me in speech of 1\larch 26, to which the here whom I will name, and if I may be permitted to question him and commi ·sioner refers, that at that time 35 bills had been re­ other witnesses without interference? I am certain the chief witness ported. by the Indian Committee to the House, of which 34 will be amply able to care for himself. had the 0. K. of Commissioner Burke, acting through the One other suggestion. For over slx weeks past the only bearing on Secretary of the Interior. Only one bill passed the committee the Indian oil bill was held up from printing until just prior to the without that approval-a bill introduced by Chairman LEAVITT, report, and for about the same ,length of time or more it bas been which was put through the committee, but held up in the impossible to get printed bearings on the Indian court bill, both of Senate by Indian Bureau officials who appeared against it in which bills are vitally important to the Indians. These bllls, I under· LXVII--439 6968 CONGRESSION-AL RECORD~ HOUSE APRIL 6

stand, tbe Indian Bureau is s~eklng . to press through Congress at this U:-. Tbere have been bills at different times in­ Very sincerely, troduced in Congress for relief, one as early as 1913, but there never JAMES .A. FREAR. bas been, apparently, a favorable report upon any bill, either by the No attempt to repeat charges against the bureau will be here committee of the House ot Representatives or the committee of the attempted. The whole system of control of Indians and tbeir Senate. property by the Indian Bureau i~ condemned by those familiar Assuring you that the matter will have our per. onal attention ru1d with present bureaucratic practices. that in any way that we can properly cooperate with the Congress For illustration, two recent cases from my own State are we will do so, I am alluded to, either one of which would properly require the pres­ Yours sincerely, ence of Eeveral witnesses to determine the facts rather than the CBAS. H. BURKE, Oommiss-loner. self-serving statements of bureau officials and bureau agents. I do not intend to repeat many charges against Indian Senator LENRCOT endeavored to give some aid to relieve the agents, some of which may not be just, but one charge of Murrays, who were thrown off the reservation under bureau many received is quoted, and detailed statements regarding methods. that case have come to my hands, so I have confidence the Whether Commissioner Burke did or did not rBwrite his situation is substantially as presented by Governor Blaine, of report as stated. and whether the commis~ioner was speaking Wisconsin, in his telegTam to President Coolidge, which I have frankly to the Senator, may be gathered fr<>m subsequent let­ read, but here repeat: ters in the case. The Senator's letter to Mrs. Murray is as llimsoN, Wrs., February 15, 19;!6, follows: President CALVI.Y CooLIDGE, UNITED STATES SENAT~, Washington, D. 0.: COMMITTEE ON FORE1GN RELATIO~S, Responsible woman, whose word I believe, reports that Paul Moore, M ar·ch 6, 19~G. FRANK Bn Indian, cbnrg~ with a misdemeanor, was found on January 26 at Mrs. MURRAY, Barnes, Wis. Lac du Flambeau (Wis.) .Agency Jail, in a cell 6 by 8 feet, with clogged hlY DEAR Mns. MuRRAY: . I have yours of the 1st instant, and in totlet, and with ball and chain fastened to ankle. In same jail were reply will say that I talked with Commissioner Burke about the case incarcerated Indian women. ThiB condition is abhorrent to the dic­ about 10 days ago, and he confidentially told me that be bad writt~n tates of decency· and oUI' vaunted civilization. This is the tyranny of a report upon the bill for Frank, but his report had not met with the Ute Dark Ages and the practice of the degenerate dominant to ter­ approval of the Secretary, who makes the report to Congress, and he rorize the Indian, who needs help more than a jail. In the name ot was rompelled to rewrite it in such a way as to secure the approval humanity, I beg that that sort of. thing cease. of the Secretary of tbe Interior. JOHN J. BLAINE, Governor. I know the commissioner is very friendly to you, and I am afraid that the trouble is that he wrote a stronger report in favor of the bill During my speech of March 4, previou. Ty mentioned, my than the Secretary would sign. I shall advise you as soon as there is colleague from Wi...,consin [Mr. PEAVEY] interrupted me to anything to report. make the following statement regarding the case mentionetl in Very sincerely yours, I. L. LE-:mOOT. 1he telegram from the Governor of 'Viseonsin to President Coolidge. He said : A heart-rending letter from the :Murra.ys state their condition and necessities as follows : · Mr. PE.A \EY. I have in my possesslon a letter from Mrs. Mary BARNES, Wrs., March 22, 1926. Moore, of Odanah, Wis., complaining about the very thing under dis­ Hon. Congressman H. H. I'ElAVEY, cussion. She states that an Indian judge at Flambeau, Wis., sen­ Washington, D. 0. tenced her son to imprisonment; he was given a chance to work It MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN : Siuce your last letter both Frank and I out in the potato fields, and he escaped. Some months later they have sent an appealing letter to the Commissioner of Indian .Affairs brought him back and put him into jail with a chain and ball on his Burke, also to Senator LE:NROOT. I am inclosing the Senator's answer. feet, and in this particular case the charge was for simply being dis­ Recently heard from Assistant Commissioner Meritt, which I have sent orderly, The mother of this boy writes me that her son was tried to Senator LENROOT. We bave been snoweu in since the 11th of Janu­ before an Indian judge who was unable to read or write English, and ary and short of food. I have cut enough wood to keep warm. sbe claims the superintendent of the Flambeau Reservation wrote out Dear Congressman, we surely are enduring hardships of the worst tbe boy's sentence for the Indian judge. On Janua1-y 26 I sent Mrs. kind. It is heart rending at tlmes to see Frank break down and cry ; Moore's lette.:.· to tho Indian Bureau, requesting an investigation and it is almost unbearable, but I do try to cheer him an

When Congressman PEAVEY endeavored to . find where . .the If given time to prepare for Commissioner Burke's questions, trouble lay in this bill's course that had been approved ( ?) by I trust I may find enough to occupy a part of his valuable time Commissioner Burke, in an effort to right a serious and inex­ that will be illuminating in the disclosm·e of bureau methods, cusable Wl'Ong, he wrote the Claims Committee as follows: although it is unfortunate that the spirit did not move the CONGRilSS OF THE UNITED STATES, bureau head before important witnesses had returned home HOUSE OF REl'RESE:\'TATIYI!lS, or tltat an investigating committee with power to subprena Waslli1~gton, D. C., March 23, 1926. and give proper finuings had not been called into service. Hon. CHARLES L. UNDERHILL, - And the chapter will be written so plainly that the com­ Chainnlltn Committee on Claim~, Hotlse of Rept·cstmtatit•es. missioner can again send his letters up to my district for the MY DEAR Mn. UNDEllHILL : Early in the present session of Congress enjoyment of constituents who like such literary efforts as his I introduced H. R. 4278 for the relief of Mr. Frank Murray, and it was now famous letter of April 1. referred to your committee for consideration. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE Up to date I have not beard what progress bas been made with the A message from the Senate by Mr. Craven, one of its clerks, bill and will appreciate it if you vi'ill advise whether or not the Bureau announced that the Senate had passed without amendment of Indian Affairs has made a report on the bill to your oommittee. If bills of the following titles: it bas not, would it be in order to asl< that the bun'au submlt a report H. R.186. An act authorizing the payment of tuition of Crow at any early date? Indian children attending Montana State public schools; Thanking you in advance, I am, H. R. 7348. An act for the relief of Joseph F. Becker ; and Very truly yours, H. R. 8184. An act to authorize the Secretary of the Interior H. H. PEIAVEY. to purchase certain land in California to be added to the 'Here follows the usual self-serving declaration from the Coahuilla Indian Reservation and authorizing an appropriation bureau, for it seems incredible that Secretary Work would take of funds therefor. lnto his own hands a detail of this ldnd properly belonging to 'l1le message also announced that the Senate had passed the Indian Bureau, although correspondence is ordinarily con­ with amendments bills of the following titles, in which th~ ducted through the department head. concurrence of the House of Representatives was requested : Commi ·sioner Bm·ke was sad and active with Senator LEN­ II. R. 5012. An act to legalize a pier into the Atlantic Ocean ROOT (see preceding letter). Then, what of this letter from at the foot of Rehoboth A venue, Rehoboth Beach, Del ; Secretary ·work that protests tile Murray relief bill? H. R. 6536. An act to amend section 129 of the Judicial Code, 'THE SECRETARY OF THE I-:-iTERIOR, relating to appeals in admiralty cases; and Washington, March l!:J, 1926. H. R. 7455. An act to legalize the submarine cable laid in Hon. CHARLES L. UNDERHILL, the St. Louis River at the Spirit Lake Transfer Railway draw­ Cltairman Committee on Claims, bridge between New Duluth, Minn., and Oliver, 1Vis., and used Hot,se of Representatives. for the lighting of the village of Oliver, Wis. MY DlilAR MR. UNDERHILL : The receipt ls acknowledged of your com­ The message also announced that the Senate had passed munication of January 20, 1926, requesting a report on H. n. 4278, a Senate bills and resolution of the following titles, in which the bill for the relief of Frank Murray. concurrence of the House of Representatives was requested: This bill is based on damages alleged to have been sustained by the S. 1803. An act for the relief of Walter W. Price; beneficiary as the result of an order issued by the department dated S. 2111. An act for the relief of Levin P. Kelly ; February 11, 1909, whereby he was removed from the Red River Indian S. 2465. An act to amend the act entitled "An act to regulate Reserv::ttion, Wis., in pursuance of section 2149 of the United States foreign commerce by prohibiting the admission into the United Reviseu Statutes, becau··e his presence there was considerl:'d to be detri­ States of certain adulterated grain and seeds unfit for seeding mental to the best interests anu the peace and welfare of the Indians. purposes," approved August 24, 1912, as amended, and for 1\:Iurray and his wife conducted a hotel and restaurant within the reser­ other purposes ; vation. Complaints were made that intoxicated persons were con­ S. 3499. An act granting the consent of Congress to the stantly congn•gating there and that liquor was being sold to Indians Gallia County (Ohio) River Bridge Co., and its successors and and others. In 1907 Murray was indicted on the charge of introducing assigns, to c ju tification for the order ot' Indian Affairs. removal or of the correctness of the charges which led to the removal S. 47. An act making an appropriation to pay the State of ()rder, Mr. Murray should be permitted to return to the reservation Massachusetts for expenses incm-red and paid, at the request where be has property and from which be has been forcibly separated of the President, in protecting the harbors and fortifying the since February 9, 1909, for whatever moral, legal, or administrative coast during the Civil War, in accordance with the :findir1gs of ground · there may havG been for ordering his removal at the time, a the Court of Claims and Senate Report No. 764, Sixty-sixth forced exile from home and property of nearly three years is certainly Congress, third session; to the Committee on War Claims. a most severe and unusual punishment." S. 87. An act authorizing and directing the Secretary of the He claims that by reason of being removt>d his business was de­ Interior to patent certain lands to school district No. 58, of stroyed, the value of his property irppaired, and that he suffered great Clallam County, State of Washington, and for other purposes; loss thereby. Information in the files is to the effect that, after being to the Committee on the Public Lands. removed from the reservation, :Mr. and Mrs. Murray ran a summer S. 108. An act for the relief of the Commercial Union As­ resort on Murray Lake, about 50 miles southeast of Ashland, Wis. surance Co. (Ltd.) ; the Automobile Insurance Co. of Hartford, 1.'be claimant is now an old man, and his health is impaired to an Conn. ; American & Foreign Insurance Co. ; Queen Insurance extent that be is unable to labor, and it is said that both be and his Co. of America; Fireman's Fund Insurance Co.; St. Paul Fire agt>d wife are destitute and without means and that in an effort to and Marine Insurance Co. ; and the United States Merchants & procure the reYocation of the order removing him from the reservation Shippers Insurance Co.; to the Committee on Claims. · and later to obtain relief legislation, in addition to damage sustained, . S. 161. An act for the relief of Charles H. Willey; to the Com- he has actually expended considerable sums of money. For further mittee on Naval Affairs. · information, see report of July 3, 1914, on House bill 1263 of the S. 587. An act for the relief of John O'Brien; to the Com­ Sixty-third Congress. 'l'be only way that relief can be granted is mittee on Military Affairs. through legislation. The department does not recommend the pro­ S. 674. An act granting certain lands to the city of Kays­ posed legislation. ville, Utah, to protect the watershed of the water-supply sys­ In this connection your attention is invited to S. 2148, Sixty-ninth tem of said city; to the Committee on the Public Lands. Congress, a bill which has been intt·oduced in the Senate proposing the S. 868. An act for the relief of Kate Canniff'; to the Com­ appropriation of $3,000 fol' the relief of l\Ir. l\Iurray. mittee on Claims. · By Jetter dated March 17, 192G, the Director of the Budget advised S. 1039. An act to amend an act entitled "An act to establish that this proposed reverse report is in accordance with the financial a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the United States,'' program of the President. approved July 1, 1898, and acts amendatory thereof and SUl>­ Very truly yours, pleme~tary thereto; to t}).e Committee o~ the Judiciary. ·.6970 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-1IOUSE .APRIL 6 S. 1208. An act providing reimbm·sement to J. M. La.Calle S. 2730. An act to amend section 1155 of an act entitled "An for ~rvices as il)structor at the United States Naval .Academy, act to estnblish a code of law for the District of Columbia " ; Annapolis, Md., from Octobet• 1., 1i}14, to October 19, 1914; to to the Committee on the District of Columbia. the Committee on Claims. S. 2763. An act to amend section 103 of the Judicial Code, S. 1415. An act authorizing and directing th~ Secretary of as amended; to the Committee on the Judiciary. tbe Treasury to immediately reconvey to Charles Murray, sr., S. 2817. An act for the relief of Edgar K. 11-liller; to the Com­ and Sarah A. Murray, his wife, of De Funiak Springs, Fla., mittee on Claims. the title to lots 820, 821, and 822, in the town of De Funiak S. 2820. An act for the relief of. Jos~ Louzau; to the Com­ Springs Fla. according to the map of Lake De Funiak drawn mittee on Claims. by \V. j, Va~kirk; to the Committee on Public Buildings and S. 2868. An act conferring jurisdiction upon the Court of Groumls. Claims to hear, examine, adjudicate, and render judgment"! S.1647. An act for the relief of the city of Philadelphia; to in claims that the Crow Tribe of Indians may have against the Committee on Claim . the United States, and for other purposes; to the Committee S. 1648. An act for the relief of Rinald Bros., of Philadel- on Indian Affairs. phia Pa. ; to the Committee on Claims. S. 2982. An act to provide for the conveyance of certain land S. '1651. An act for the relief of the widow and minor chil­ owned by the District of Columbia near the corner of Thirteenth dren of Ed E ~tes, deceased ; to the Committee on Claims. and Upshur Streets NW., and the acquisition of ~ertain S. 1662. An act for the relief of Francis Nicholson ; to the land by the District of Columbia in exchange for said part Committee on Claims. to be conveyed, and for other purposes; to the Commlttee on S.1786. An act to equalize the pay of retired officers of the the DistTict of Columbia.. Army, Navy, Marine Corp~, Coast Guru·d, Coa.st ~d Geodetl_c s. 2996. An act to validate payments for commutation of Survey. and Public Health Service ; to the Committee on Mili­ quarters, heat, and light, and of rental allowances on account tru·y Affairs. of dependents; to the Committee on the Judiciary. s. 18n5. An act to correct the military record of George Pat- S. 3055. An act for the relief of Lawfortl & McKim, gen­ ter on, deceased; to the Committee on Ullitary Affairs. eral agents for the Employers' Liability Assurance Corporation S. 1903. An act for the relief of Capt Murray A. Cobb ; to (Ltd.), of London, England ; to the Committee on Claims. the Committee on War Claims. S. 3072. An act to authorize an exchange of lands between S. 1914. An ad directing the resurvey of certain lands ; to the United States and the State of Nevada; to the Committee the Committee on the Public Lands. on the Public Lands. 8.1993. An act for the relief of the Van Dorn Iron Works S. 3102. An act to modify and amend the act creating the Co. ; to the Committee on Claims. Public Utilities Commission of the District of Columbia ; to S. 2042. An act relating to tlle office of Public Buildings and the Committee on the District of Columbia. Public Parks of tlle National Capital; to tlle Committee on the S. 3110. An act to authorize certain officers of the United District of Columbia. States Navy to accept from the Republic of Haiti the medal S. 2122. An act for the relief of the Monumental Stevedore of honor and merit; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Co. ; to the Committee on Claims. S. 3122. An act for completion of the road from 'l'ucson to S. 2141. An act conferring jurisdiction upon the Court of Aj o via Indian Oasis, Ariz. ; to the Committee on Indian Claims to hear, examine, adjudkn.te, and enter judgment in Affairs. any claims which the Assiniboine Indians may have against S. 3174. An act for the relief of the Alaska Steamship Co.; the United States, and for other purposes; to the Committee to the Committee on Claims. on Indian .Affairs. S. 318G. An act to promote the production of sulphur upon S. 2166. An act for the relief of Orin Thornton ; to the Com- the public domain ; to the Committee on the Public Lands. mittee on Military Affairs. S. 3328. An act for the relief of L. W. Burford; to the Com­ S. 2103. An act for the relief of Grover Ashley ; to the Com- mittee on Claims. mittee on War Claims. S. 3402 . .A.n act relating to giving false information regard­ S. 2202. An act to pro·dde that jurisdiction sha.ll.be .conferred ing the commission of erime in the District of Columbia ; to the upon the Court of Claims, notwithstanding the lapse of tim-e or Committee on the District of Columbia. statutes of limitation, to hear. examine, and adjudicate and S. 3538. An act authorizing the Secretary of the Interior to render judgment in any and all legal and equitable claims aris­ pay legal expenses incurred by the Sac and .Ii'ox Tribe of In­ ing under or growing out of any treaty or agreement between dians of Oklahoma; to the Committee on Claims. the United States and ce-rtain bands of Indiaps, and for other S. 3665. An act for the relief of the owner of the ferryboat purJ.>Oses ; to the Committee on Indian Affairs. New York; to the Committee on Claims. S. 2483. An act for the relief of legal representatives of the S. 3499. An act granting the eonsent of Oongress to the ef;tate of Alphoru e Desmare, deceased, and others ; to the Com­ Gallia County. Ohio River Bridge Co. and its successors and mittee on War Claims. assigns to construct a bridge across the Ohio River at or near S. 248-t An aet for the relief of Louise St. Gez, executrix of Gallipolis, Ohio; to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Auguste Ferr~, deceased, surviving partner of Lapene & JJ'erre; Comm-erce. to the Committee on War Claims. S. J. Res. 2. Joint resolution for the relief of George Hol'ton; S. 2552. An act to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to to the Committee on Claims. di -pose by sale of certain public land in the State of Kansas; to the Committee on the Public Lands. ARMY APPROPRB.TIONS--cor-.""FERENCE REPORT S. 25n7. An act authorizing the President to appoint and re­ Mr. ArTHONY. Mr. Speaker, I call up the conference re­ tire certain persons first lieutenants in the Medical Corps, port upon the bill (H. R. 8917) making app1·opriations for the United States Army; to the Committee on Military Affairs. military and nonmilitary activities of the War Department for S. 2619 . .An act for the relief of Oliver J. Larkin and Lona the fu:cal year ending June 30, 1027, anu for otller purposes. Larkin; to tlle Committee on Claims. The SPEAKER The gentleman from Kansas calls up a S. 2646. An act to provide cooperation to safeguard endan­ conference report upon the Army appropriation bill, which the gered agricultural and municipal interests and to protect the Clerk will report. forest co~er on the Santa Barbara, Angeles, San Bernardino, The Clerk read the conference report. nnd Cleveland National Forests from destructiop by fire, and for other purposes ; to the Committee on Agriculture. The conference report and statement are as follows: S. 2702. An act to provide for the setting apart of certain CONFEREXCE REPORT lands in the State of California as an addition to the Morongo Indian Reservation ; to the Committee on tlle Public Lands. The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of t11e S. 2703. An act to restore to the public domain certain lan<,lf! two Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. within tile Casa Grande Ruins National 1\Ionument, and for 8917) making appropriations for the military and nonmilitary other purpo ·es; to the Committee on the Public Lands. activities of the War Department for the fiscal year ending s. 2706 . .An act to provide for the reservation of certain land June 30, 1927, and for other purposes, having met, after fuU in California for the Indians of the Mesa Grande Reservation, and free conference have agreed to recommend and do recom­ lmown also as Santa Ysabel Reservation No. 1; to the Com­ mend to their respective Houses as follows: mittee on Public Lands. That the Senate recede from its amendments numbered 2, 4, S. 2722. An act for the relief of Muscle Shoals, Birmingham 6, 9, 17, 1S, 19, 20, 27, 29, 31, 32, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, and 42. & Pensacola Railroad Co .. the successor in interest of the That the House recede from its disagreement to the amend· receiver of the Gulf, Florida & .Alabama Railway Oo. ; to the ments of the Senate numbered 1, 5, 8, 16, 21, 24, 25, 26, 35, 43, Committee on Claims. ~. 45, 4G, 49, 50, and 51, and agree to the same. 1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6971 Amendment numbered 13: That the House recede from its for the purpose indicuted from the proceeds of the sales of disa.greeme.nt to the amendm€nt of the Senate number'ed 13, surplus real estate " not heretofore coveretl into the Treas­ and agree to the same with an amendment as follows: In lieu ury," as proposed by the Senate. of the matter inserted by said amendment insert the following: On No. 14: Makes the provision propo ed by the House with ." Not exceeding $800,000 may be u~ed from the ' Military post respec! to hospital construction at Schofield Barracks apply 'consh·uction fund ' created in the act approved March 12, •• toward " instead of "for " the completion of such construc­ 1926, for construction of permanent barracks at Camp Lewis, tion, a.nd makes the sum of $450,000, proposed by the House, chargeable to the military post construction fund instead of 1~t!~!t~s~~::J ::!e~:~~e t~::~ti~n~h!l:~~d 3734, Revised to the proceeds of sales of surplus real estate not " heretofore Amendment numbered 14: That the House recede from its covered into the Treasury." disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 14, On Nos. 15 and 16, relating to barracks and quarters·: and agree to the same with an amendment as follows : On Strikes out the appropriation proposed by the Senate of '5,000 })age 26 of the bill, lines 14, 15, and 16, strike out the words on account of participation in the national rifle match, and

1 " proceeds of the sales of surplus I'eal e tate not heretofore appropriates, as proposed by the Senate, $5,000 for the repair covered into the Treasury " and in lieu thereof insert the of the old building known as the " Castle " at Fort Niagara, following: " Military post construction fund," created in the N.Y. act approved March 12, 1926, without reference to sections On No. 21: Strikes out the inhibition proposed by the House 1136 and 3734, llevised ~tatutes"; and the Senate agree to the on the use of advances to the Signal Corps for the transmis­ same. sion of messages for hiring of personneL Amendment numbered 15: That the House recede from its On No. 23: Appropriate $949,605 for the :Medical and Hos- ­ di agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 15, pital Department, entirely incident to the Senate proposal and agree to the same with an amendment as follows: In to continue in operation existing Army laundries, instead of lieu of the sum proposed insert " $3,329,812" ; and the Senate $1,197,011, as propoS€d by the House, and $938,255, as pro­ .agree to the same. posed by the Senate. Amendment numbered 23 : That the House recede from its On Nos. 24 and !!:>: Makes a transposition of figures in the disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 23, appropriation for the Engineer School. and agree to the same with an amendment as follows: In On No. 26: Reappropriates $100,000 of unexpended halances lieu of the sum proposed insert "$949,605"; and the Senate of appropriation for "Arming, equipl.)ing, and training the Na­ agree to the same. tional Guard, 1923.'' real)propriated for 1925, for protection, 1 Amendment numbered 33: That the Honse recede from its preservation, and repair of fortifications in the United States, disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 33, as l}roposed by the Senate. and noo-ree to the same with an runendment as follows: In On No. 27: Strikes out the reapprol}riation proposed by the lieu of the sum proposed insert " $350,000 " ; and the Senate Senate of $400,000 of the unexpended balances of the appropria­ .agree to the same. tion for "Arming, equipping, an.d training the National Guard, Amendment numbered 47: That the House recede from its 1924," for the construction of seacoast batteries on the Canal disagreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 47, Zone. and agree to the same with an amendment as follows: In lieu On No. 31: Appropriates $40,000, as proposed by the House, of the sum proposed insert: " $900,000 " ; and the Senate agree instead of $DO,OOO, as propo ed by the Senate, on account o.f to the same. fire-control stations, Hawaiian Islands, and strikes out the re­ The committee of conference have not agreed on amendments appropriation proposed by the Senate of 100,000 of the unex­ numbered 3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 22, 28, 30, 34, and 48. pended balances of the appropriation for "Arming, equipping, D. R. ANTHONY, J"r., and training the National Guard, 1!)23," reappropriated for 1925, H. E. BARBOUR, intended to be similarly applied. FRANK CLAGUE, On No. 33: Appropriates $350,000 for expenses of selected BEN JOHNSON, officers and enlisted men of the National Guard incident to $308,000, T. w. IlARRISON, attendance at military-service schools instead of as Managers on the part of the Honse. proposed by the House, and $4.00r000, as proposed by the Senate. J. W. WADSWORTH, Jr., On No. 35: 1\.!akes the National Guard field service appro­ w. L. JONES, :p-riations available until December 31, 1927, as proposed by the WM. J' HARRIS, Senate. THOMAS F. BAYARD~ On No.. 37: Strikes out the appropriation of $100,000 pro­ Managers on the pa1·t of the Sena-te. posed by the Senate for travel of Regular Army personnel in connection with the Organized Reserves. STATEMENT On No. 39: Fixes the limitation on expenditures from the The manag-e1·s on the part of the Honse at the conference on appropriation for Reserve Officers' Training Corps for trans­ the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments of ];)Ortation and subsistence ex}_X'nses of competitors in the na­ the Senate to the bill (H. R. 8917) making appropriations for tional rifle match at $100, as proposed by the House, instead the military and nonmilitary activities of the War Department of $15,000, as proposed by the Senate. for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1927, and for other pur­ On No. 42: Fixes the limitation on expenditures from the ap­ po es, submit the following statement in explanation of the propriation for the National Board for Promotion of Rifle effect of the action agreed upon by the conference committee Practice for transportation and subsistence expenses of civilian and submitted in the accompanying conference report: rifle teams participating in the national matches at $100, a.s On No. 1, relating to the limitation on the payment of sala­ proposed by the House, instead of $80,000, as proposed by the ries under the classification act: Provides that in unu~ally Senate. _ meritorious cases of one position in a grade advances may be On No. 43: Strikes out the appropriation of $10,000, pro­ made to rates higher than the average of the compensation posed by the House, towar-Q erecting a marker for the burial rate-s of the grade, but not more often than once in any fiscal place at Washington Crossing Park, Pa., of 40 soldiers who died year and then only to the next higher rate, as proposed by the in the America~ Revolution. Senate. On Nos. 44 and 45, relating to the Chie'..mmauga and Chat· On No. 2: Appropriates $48,973,485 for pay of enlisted men, tanooga National Military Park: Appropriates $5,000, as pro­ as proposed by the House, instead of $49,9621144, as proposed po 'ed by the Senate, for posts and guard rails on highways. by the Senate. On No. 46, relating to the Washington-Alaska military cable On Nos. 4, 6, 9, 17, 18, 19, 20, 29, 32, 36, 38, 40~ 41, relating and telegraph system : Appropriates $2,000, as proposed by the to participation in the national rifle match: Stri.kes out the Senate, for the installation of radio receiving and sending ap­ increases proposed by the Senate aggregating $393,490. paratus at a point to serve the Chandalar mining district. On No. 5: Appropriates $160,.000 for apprehension of desert­ On No. 47: Appropriates $900,000 for the construction and ers, as proposed by the Senate, instead of $166,000, u.s proposed maintenance of roads, bridges, and trails in Alaska, instead of by the House. $751,000, as proposed by the House, and $1,000,000, as proposed On No. 8: Appropriates $6,501,916 for clothing and equipage~ by the-Senate. ,incident to the continuation of existing Army laundries, as On Nos. 49, 50, and 51, relating to the National Home for proposed by th-e Senate, instead of $5,101,916, as proposed by Disabled Volnnteer Soldiers: Appropriates $410,000 for subsist­ the House. ence, Central Branch, Dayton, Ohio, as proposed by the Senate, On No. 13 : Appropriates 5800,000 from the military post instead of $430,000, as proposed by the House. ;construction fund for construction of permanent barracks at The committee of conference have not agreed to the follow­ Camp Lewis, W~sh., instead of p.1aking such sum available ~pg amendm_egts o~ the Senate : 6972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE On No. 3, r elating to allowances of enlisted men while ab­ l\lr. WINGO. The former fund was not now available so sent from their permanent-duty stations in a pay status. that ~e bill has been am~nded to make that item now pay~ble On No. 7, relating to the appropriation for regular supplies out of the post-construction fund which has recently by law of the Army. been set up in the Treasury. 0~ Nos. 10 and 11, relating to the appropriation for Army l\lr. AN:r'HONY. Where the moneys the House attempted to tran:;:porta tion. make avmlable have since been transferred. · On No. 12, appropriating an unexpended balance of $600,00G- Mr. WINGO. And the effect is that wherea. it was theoreti­ for the purchase of hor~e s . cally impossible to start construction at once, the only change On No. 22, relating to the employment of consulting engi- really would be to simply provide for the completion commenc­ neers at eJ..-perimental stations of the Air Service. ing with the beginning of the next fiscal year, July 1: On No. 28, relating to the employment of consulting engi­ 1\Ir. ANTHONY. And the addition of the word "toward" neers by the Ordnance Department. makes it P?Ssible for the use of even more money than the On No. -30, appropriating $25,000 for completing agricultmal House pronded to complete the project at Scofield Barracks. research experiments in exterminating the cotton-boll weevil. l\lr. WINGO. In othe1· words, the net effect would be that On No. 34, relating to the appropriation for tra\el of Regu­ the 1'\•ar Departm~nt is authorized and money is appropriated, lar-Army personnel in connection with the National Guarcl. so t~at, commencrng with the new fiscal year, they have au­ On No. 48, increasing the limit of cost for the completion of thority and funds to complete that hospital at Scofield Bar­ the survey of the Tennessee River and its tributaries an laundry service T Mr. ANTHONY. I think it practlcall'y restores the appro­ Mr. AJI;"'TIIONY. Yes. priation for the current year. 1f I am not mistaken I think the Mr. CHil\"'DBL0!\1. And. tlle conferees have yielded? estimate of the Budget was a cut. Thr.ee hundred and twenty. l\Ir. ANTHONY. They yielded to the restoration of the item five thousand dollars is the figure of the current year. by the Sena-te. M:r. NIDWTUt~ of Minnesota:. '.Fhen. theFe is- an increase· of Mr. CHINDBLO::\-!. Does the gentleman think it a good $25,000 over the current year7 thing fur the Government to be in the laundry business? Mr. .ANTHONY. Yes. 1\lr. ANTHONY. In some instances. it is a bad thing, but, The SPEAKER. ~'he question is on agreeing to the- confer. generally speaking, it fs for the good of the Army. 'l'he Gov­ ence report. evnment clli'trges $1.75 a month to the enlisted men for all their The eonfer.enc~ retlOrt waa agreed to. laundry work. That gives him. a. good, clean laundry servic.e The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the first amendmEID.t at a reasonable expenditure of money. On the other hana, in disagreement. the Government is und.oufite.dly competing, n..t some Army posts The Clerk read as follows: with near-by civilian laundries. and perfiaps in some places at Amendment No. 3 ~ Page 10 of. the bill, line 20, strike out the'!· fol­ pric.es not sufficient to cover all cost and overhead lowing language : "Provided, That llereaftcr during concert tours ap.­ ID. CHINDBLOl\f. And the cost charged to the Government is not sufficient to cover all expenses, including. the overhead? proved by the Sfcretary of War members_ of the United Statps Army Band, the. servic.e band of the United States. Army, shall suffer no 1oss :Mr. ANTHONY. The statement fs made •to- us that the moneys collected do pay all the charges fm:: this laURdry of allowances," and insert the following: "Pt·o,;idea, That hereafter enlisted men entitled to receive allowances for- quarte1·s and subsistence service. shall continue, while their permanent stations remain unchanged, to l\I.t. CHINDBLO~L I should not think so. l\Ir. ANTHONY. \Ve yielded to the Senate on this item with receive sncil allowanc-es wllife sick in hospital or absent from tlleir the understanding with the Senate conferees tilat they would permanent-duty stations in a pay statuS': Provided further, That allow­ ances. for subsistence: shal1 not a.e-crue: to. suclL an enlisted man. while c.onvey to the War D€pa.Ltment that it was our desire tllnt a he is in fact being subsisted at Government expe:ns.e.u charge be made for tJl.is service sufficiently high to cover all overhead costs,. so that there would be no poSSibility of a defi­ Mr. ANTHOI\TY. Mr. Speaker, I move to recede and concur ciency or the using up of any part of the app.x:op.riation being with an amendment. made for that purpose. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas moves f() re. Ur. DYER.. Do they assign.. enlisted men to thfs work? cede and concur with an amendment, whicll the Clerk will :rilr. ANTHONY. No; it is done b.y civilian labor. report. Mr. DYER. Is any of it done by enlisted men 7 The Clerk read. a-s ~oUows : 1\Ir. ANTHONY. Only in the Disciplinary Barracks. Amendment Ne. 3 : rn lieu o:r tlie matter 1nsePted by the Senate CHINDBLO~f. I 1Ur. hope we can get away from that. amendment insert tne followfng: L~ Pro1J'i(!ed~ That hereafter enlisted 1\Ir .A....~TIIONY. I think that wa& the idea when the War men, fncfudlng tM members ot the United States Army Band1 entitled Department eliminated the item. t01 recef~ alfow.ances f.Or qm1;rters· and trubslstence shall eanthrue, whfJle ~. l wD1 Mr. CONNALLY of Texa hope the Army continue thetr permanent stations remain un.~lum~, to reee:i.ve s11eh allowances this activity. They are not in business. They are attending while sick in hospit_al or absent from their permanent-duty stations- in to tbeir own business. I do not see why the Army sl'lould a pa.y status : Pra-~idea. fur.t~Wr-, That allo-wa-nces for subsistence shall refuse to carry on this laundry simply for the benefit of some not accrue to such an enlisted man while he is in fad l>eing srrbsk"i!ed private concern tllat makes money out of the enlisted men. at Government expense." I think you might as. well hire the food cooks and everxthing else to be done by outsiders if you adopt this principle that Mr. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, the effect of this amendment tile Army can not do anything except march around on parade. is to broaden tfie amendlnent which was put in the bill on. the Now, as to amendment No. 1, what parti<;!u.la.r individual in ttoor of the House, the provision offered by the gentleman from the office of tlie Secretary of \Var was tills intended to benefit? Virginia [Mr. WooDRUMJ, so that it now applies to all enlisted lUr. ANTHONY. I do not know what particular individual· men in all brauehes of the Army and not only to the Army this will cover, but it is a clause carried in aU: appropriation Band·. · bills t1l.is year which will permit an increase in pay of certain Mr. WINGO. Will the gentleman yield? chiefs. Where there is only one in a classification an increase Mr. ANTHONY. Yes~ is now prohibited, but this. will permit~ in certain cases, these Mr. WINGO. What difference is there between the amend· chiefs o.f bure-aus to receive an increase. ment offered by the gentltmlan and the Senate- amendment? Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. In other words, tile effect of this I could not catch the distin:ctium Senate amendment, to which the House conferees have agreed, Mr. ANTHONY. As the amendment was adopted l).y th~ is to provide that for everybody else the rule shall be one way, House it applied only to the men af tfie Army Band when they but if a man happens to be the only one in his grade-- were- absent irmn. their pei!'manent stations bu1: on. a.. duty 1\'Ir. ANTHONY. No. I will say to tlie gentleman that it is status. As broadened by the- Senate, and, te wlrlch the House just. the opposite now. We passed legfslatron this yea:r or Iast conferees han~ agreed, it applies to- all enlisted men of the year under which these chiefs could receive no increase what­ Army wlw may be absent from thek stations under o.I:del's ever, but those in grades under them could I'lave an increase a:nd say, but while absent they are now unable to recei-ve a rental have received increases~ so we thought it no mo:t:a than fail; to allowance, wWch, under the law, they a.re entitled te receive permit a reasonable increase for these chiefs. ff at their regular stations. The amendment, as I say. broad­ Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. And the gentleman, Is doing that ened the effect of the House amendment an.d we considered in an appropriation bill when the other was :trxed by statute. it :fair-. l\1r. ANTHONY. No; it was all fixed tn appropriation biJ..ls, 1\Ir. CHINDBLOM. 'Will the gentleman yield? I will say to the gentleman; it was all fixed by limitation. Mr. ANTHONY. Yes~ . Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. The gentleman d:oes not know Nlr. CIUNDBLO~L Does the proposed amendment cover the who this particular individual is. purpose of the House amendment. offered by the g.entleman Mr. ANTHONY. I think it is intended to b.~:oadiy cover a from Virginia [Mr. WoOD.RUM.], that these aJI.owanees sh6>uld number of them. not be lost during concert tours approved by the Secretary o.f ~rr. NEWTON of Minnesota. Will tlie gentleman yield fur­ War? ther? Mr . .A.NTHO~'Y. It does cover that. and, as I say, covers :M-r. ANTHONY. Yes. all enlisted men or the Army when on such a duty status. :Mr. NEWTON of' Minnesota. I natke that the Senate px:ovi· Mr. CHIND:BWl\1'. In the House bill the words "t'he s-ervice sion for the expenses of selected officers and enlisted men of band of tfie United States Army" were oniy a matter. of' de· the National Guard incident to attendance at military service SCJ:iption, as T nndersta,~ it, a!!d' therefore were ~ot necessary, 6974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 6 Mr. ANTHONY. I think it was the intention of the House Mr. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, I move to recede and concur to give some recognition to the Army Band. This is the first with an amendment. time the Army Band has ever been mentioned in legislation, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas moves to re­ and this does that. cede and concur with an amendment, which the Clerk will Mr. CHINDBLOM. But the elimination of those words, report. " the service band of the United State::! Army," in no way limits The Clerk read as follows : the purpose of the amendment? In line 6 ot the matter inserted by said amenument, after the word Mr. ANTHONY. No. That is purely descriptive. "be," insert the following: " procured locally by National Guard The SPEAKER. The question is on the motion of the gen­ officers whenever practicable, and shall be." tleman from Kansas. The motion was agreed to. Mr. ANTHONY. l\Ir. Speaker, just a word in explanation The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next amendment of this amendment. It is provided that 1,000 of these hor es in disagreement. shall be fol" the m:e of the National Guard. When the Army The Clerk read as follows : buys horses it purchases them in different parts of the country and then ships them to remount stations, where they are con­ Amendment No. 7: On page -, line 2, strike out "$11,634,391" and ditioned and trained for perhaps six months. The expense insert in lieu thereof " $11,965,986." of h·an8porting them back and forth to ther-;e :;;tations is quite Mr. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, I move to recede and concur large. It would amount to $50 or $60 an animal before the with an amendment. National Guard would receive it. Your committee felt it was The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas moves to re­ perfectly feasible that where a National Guard unit needed a cede and concur with an amendment, which the Clerk will replacement of one or two or three horses that they cvuld be report. purchased locally by National Guard officers, probably at much The Clerk read as follows : lower prices than the Government would pay for tllem ; ano, at .Amendment No. 7 ~ In lieu of the sum p1·oposed, insert $11,964,391. least, we would save the freight cost involved in shipping The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the motion . them back and forth to the remount stations. We have there­ of the gentleman from Kansas. fore offered this language to which the Senate bas ag-reed, The motion was agreed to. and the War Department advises us it is perfectly practicable The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next amendment to carry out this provi ion. in disagreement. Mr. WU\GO. • Will the gentleman yield? The Clerk read as follows: Mr. ANTHONY. Yes. Mr. WINGO. As I understand it, you propose to authorize .Amendment No. 10: On page 24, line 9, strike out "$14,467,580" the purchase of 1,000 horses for the National Guard, to be nnd insert in lieu thereof "14,577,718." kept by the National Guard at their home stations. Mr. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, I move to recede and concur Mr. ANTHONY. Yes. with an amendment. Mr. WINGO. For illustration, the National Guard of Ar­ 'l'he SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas moves to kansas will keep these bor es at Little Rock? recede and concur with an amendment, which the Clerk will Mr. ANTHONY. Wherever there is a battery located you report. will probably find from 24 to 82 horses with the local battery. 'l'be Clerk read as follows: It may be that some of these horses are getting too old or are In lieu of the sum proposed, insert $14,526,230. crippled up and need to be replaced. One thou ·and horses will be distributed to such organizations. Mr. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, before the House votes on Mr. WINGO. What is the extraordinary occasion that re­ this amendment, I ask unanimous consent that it vote on quires such a large number of additional horses other tllan No. 11, because the amendment I have offered contains an item the 1,000 horses? of $30,000 to provide for the b·ansportation of. troops, to cele­ l\Ir. ANTHONY. I wlll say to the gentleman that the horses brate the anniversary of the Battle of the Little B1g Horn, of the Army are getting very old. We have purchased very and the authorization therefor is contained in amendment few horRes since the Great War. I think the average age o:f No. 11. all the horses must now be about 14 years. That is pretty The SPEAKER. ·without objection, the Clerk will report old for horses. amendment No. 11. l\Ir. WINGO. How many horses does the Army have out­ There was no objection. side of the Cavalry? The Clerk read as follows: l\Ir. ANTHONY. Including the Cavalry, about 37,000. Amendment No. 11: Page 24, Jine 13, insert "and of the said sum Mr. WINGO. They have got more outside of the Cavalry of $14,577,718, $30,000 shall be immediately available for transpot·ta­ than they have in, have they not? tion of troops to and from the celebration commemorating the fiftieth 1\fr. AN'l'HONY. It was felt that it was neces:;;ary to put annivergary of tile Battle of the Little Big Horn, and $11,000 shall be in some young horses to properly equip the different branches immediately available toward defraying expenses in connection with of the service, and we began that policy last year. the national rifle match." Mr. WINGO. Would it not be cheaper to do away with Mr. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, I move to recede and concur some of the horses used outside of the Cavah·y and to use with an amendment. Ford trucks? The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas moves to re­ Mr. ANTHONY. Motors are uRed in the Army considerably, cede ane, for instance, a Doctor Moulton, of the University of The Clerk read as follows : Chicago, a mathematician, that gives us his advice on balli tic studies. lie was with us during the war and dld excellent work in the matter Amendment No. 22, par.e 38, line 15 : Strike out the following of ballistics. language: " For the services of su~h consulting engineel"s at experi­ Then we have Professor Stewart, of the University of Io ;va, in the mental stations of the Air Ser"\"ice as the Secretai·y of Wal" may development of sound-locating apparatus, and Professor Hull, at Dart­ deem necessary, including necessary tmveling expenses," and insei"t mouth, who does some work for us on wind-tunnel experiments. Then "for the services of uot more than tour consulting engineers at experi­ we have a metallurgist at the Watertown Arsenal, Doctor Langenburg, mental stations of the Air ervice as the Secretary of War may deem who works in our laboratory there and really is the head and director necessary, at rates of pay to be fixed by him not to exceed $50 a day of it. for not exceeding 50 days each and necessary traveling expenses, in­ Now, the comptroller has ruled that we can not pay any of these cluding a per diem not to exceed $4 in lieu of subsistence: Pro.,;ided, men more than ~ 20.83 a day, and his ruling is based upon the classifi­ That amounts heretofore paid or obligated for such services and ex­ cation act. He says the maximum per diem rate is determined by pen es are hereby authorized and validated." dividing the maximum annual rate that can be paid under the classi­ l\Ir. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House recede fication act,. which is $7,500, by 12 to get the monthly payment and and concur. then by 30 for the per diem rate, so that the maximum that we can Mr. BYRNS. Mr. Speaker, I want to ask the gentleman pay is $20.83 a day, and we simply can not get these gentlemen to give from Kansas what real necessity there is for consulting engi­ their services for that sum. neers at $50 a day. I notice that later on there are four engi­ neers provided for at the same price. The Go\ernment is Mr. BYRNS. Mr. Speaker, I am very much surprised to spending a good deal of money to educ?te engineers, and why is learn that, with the course of instruction given to Army this necessary to employ engineers at this big per diem? officers and engineers at West Point, it is necessary for the l\Ir. ANTHONY. This is not employing engineers in the Government, in the Department of Ordnance in particular, commonly accepted term ; it is taking men specially killed in a to have to go to the outside and pay civilians $50 a day in special branch of service ; for instance, the Air Service or the order to do the job I thought the engineers of the Army were Ordnance Department. It is due to a ruling of the comptroller. educated and trained to do while going to West Point at the The comptroller ruled that we could not expend more than the expense of the Government. maximum of $7,500 salary a year for one expert, and the per l\Ir. ANTHONY. I think the gentleman understands, for diem should be pro rata. The War Department finds it diffi­ in. tance, that in the Air Service it is absolutely nece'sary to cult to get highly technical advisers at less than $50 a day. get the benefit of the advice of some of the most highly special-. Mr. BYRNS. Are these engineers to be civilians, or are they ized construction engineers that there are in the country in to be taken from the list of retired engineers now on the pay that line of work. It would be impossible t@ get that advice roll of the Go\ernment·l within the confines of the Army personnel. Mr. AN1'HONY. I think most of the experts are from the col­ The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the motion leges of the country, men very well known in their special of the gentleman from Kansas. line. The question was taken, and the motion was agreed to. l\lr. BYRNS. Can the gentleman tell who is employed now, The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next amendment. and whether or not all that are now employed or expected to The Clerk read as follows: be employed are taken from the civilian ranks, or will they Amendment No. 28 : Page 53, after line 1, insert: "Provided, That come from the retired list? the Ordnance Department is hereby authorized to employ under its l\fr. ANTHONY. The1·e is nothing in the hearings that the various appropriations not exceeding four consulting engineers as the House held to cover that subject. There is something in the Sect·etary of War may deem necessary at rates of pay to be fixed by Senate hearings about it. him not to exceed 50 a day for not exceeding 50 days each and neces­ l\Ir. BYRNS. Is it not a fact that the academy at West sary traveling expenses, including a per diem not to exceed 4 in lieu Point is devoting some of its time and energy to educating of subsistence : Pt·oL'ided further, That amounts heretofore paid or ob­ engineers in the Army who have this special technical experi­ ligated for such sen·ices and expenses are hereby authorized and va.li­ ence, or who ought to have it as a four years' course? Are they dated." not teaching ordnance and the Air Service? Mr. ANTHOl\TY. I know the gentleman realizes that these Mr. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House recede men are highly specialized men in their lines, that they can and concur in the Senate amendment. only get the high degree of knowledge that they have years The motion was agreed to. after they graduate from an educational institution, and they The SPEAKER. ·The Clerk will report the next amendment. give the Government information and advice that is only ob­ The Clerk read as follows : tained after years of special study of these special lines. Amendment No. 30 : rage GO, line 8, strike out " $1,207,980 " and l\fr. BYRNS. I understand the gentleman is unable to give insert: " $1,232,980, of which sum not to exceed $25,000 may be used the House any assurance that all these engineers will be in completing agricultural research experiments in exterminating the civilians? cotton boll weevil." · OONGRESBIONAL RECORD-ROUSE

M"r .. .A:N'IlHO~. Mr. Speaker; I move· tpartment of Department to be engaged in experimenting in e:rter.minating Agriculture to devote· itself to the- pm-pose indicated'? the boll weeill. \V'e have a bureau in the Department of Ag1·L- .fr. CR.A:\lTON. So. far· as the bell weevil is concerned; culture that spends annually large sums of money for that there would be the same practical effect if that other appro­ pm·pose. It lms a body of trained experts and they have done pdation were used·. If necessat"Y; we could carry some au­ much good' worlt i'n d-emonstrating how tile ravages of' the boll tborization for- transfer of funds. weevil may be combated. r bad hop~tl that the committee 1\lr. ANTHONY. It is my understanding that thG Agricul­ would not continue this War Department appropriation. It tural- appropriation bill contained an item of that kind, which seems to me that it is wholly wasted, and even though it be but was stricken out in conference. I hope the gentleman from. $25,000, why sliould the Committee on AP:I~ropriations year Texas has noted the fact that the language of- the· approluia­ after year continue an actfvity of that sort, whiCh r tliink every tion. says tllis money; shall· be used in completing: the job. Member of the House must realize is a foolish thing to do? Mr. DLACK of •re~as. Yes .; but pt~obably different language· Mr. ANTHONY. lll"''. S-peaker, this amendment was agreed will be. used in the- nex:t appropriation bill as an, e~cm;e · to ta. Tlie House bill carries no provision of this kind. We contimre:: it, and fu.n the. re-ason that I opposed it a yea.r ao-o yit'lded to the Senate on this item at the request of Senators and expressed: the hope thr.t it would be disc.ontinuedr-if the-· from eotton-gTowing States, who felt as r feel about tliis mat- gentleman will yield tQ me fiuther-I want now to express ter, that tlie Cliemical ·warfare Service of· the Army· has un- my protest.. I am g.oing· to vote against the amendment and. doulJtedly done some very valuable work along the line of dis- against the motion to recede- and eoncur, and I hope the Iilouse• C'oV"ering cbemicais and combinations of chemicals wliiclr are will decline- to recede- and eoncur and let the committee of proving effective against the cotton-bolr weevil. General Fries· confer1ence go back and insist on their disagreement to this, tells· us- that he- feelS the money has oeen well expended tliat 1wuste of $25,000, and insist that it go out. of the, bill. w~ hav-e- previou ly- appropriated. 1 Mr. WILSON of Louisiana. I simply want to take up what Mr. BLAr tor the appparance of said George Gentlemen, it is humiliating to have the cotton people of the W. Engli h to answer said impeachment, and demand his impeachment, South put in the attitude of wanting the Federal Treasury to conviction, and removal fr·om office. · spend $25,000 for a bunch of .Army experts out here somewhere '.rne rei'olution was ngreed to. experimenting on chemicals to kill the boll weevil. Mr. GRAHAM. Mr. Speaker, I submit another resolution The Agricultural Department has chemi ts who can give us coyering the sending of notice to the Senate of the action of the the chemical formulas. They can do it, and it is absurd to say House. that you are going to a. k the War Department to cha ·e down The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania offers a the boll weevil. It would be about as practical to order out resolution, which the Clerk will report. the avalry and have it attempt to catch each weevil and pull The Clerk read as follows: off its left hind leg. Gentlemen, I will be perfectly frank with you. This is a House Resolution 204 piece of political bunk, and I do not want any man to vote for ResolL'ed, That a message be sent to the Senate to inform them that it because be thinks he wants to help the cotton growers of this House ltas Impeached George W. English, nit£>d States district the South. This is to kill the political boll weevil of some judge for the eastern district of Illinois for misdemeanors in office and southern politician. [Applau. e.] that the Houf.le has adopted articles of impeachment against' said The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the motion George W. English, judge as afor·esald, which tbe managers on the part of the gentleman from Kan as to recede and concur with an of the House have been directed to carry to the Senate, and that E.~Rr. amendment. c. MIC!IE::'\ER, w. D. BOIES, IR.A G. HERSFJY, c. ELL! UOORE, GEORGE R. The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by STOBBS, HATTON W. SUlii::-\ERS, ANDREW J. MONTAGUE, JOH~ N. TILL­ Mr. WINGO) there were--ayes 41, noe 26. · :MA.."l, and FRED H. DoMINICK, Members of this House, have been Mr. BLACK of Texa . Mr. Speaker, I demand tellers. appointed such managers. The SPEAKER. Those in favor of ordering tellers will rise The re~olution was agreed to. and stand until counted. [After counting.] Fourteen gentle­ Mr. GRAHAM. Mr. Speaker, I submit another resolution man have risen, not a sufficient number, and tellers are refused. from the Judiciary Committee covering the expenses. . So the motion was agreed to. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania offers a The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next amendm·ent resolution, which the Clerk will report. in disagreement. The Clerk read as follows : 'l'he Clerk read as follows: House Resolution 205 Amendment No. 34, page 70, llne 3, strike out " 300,000" and Insert "$375,000.'' Rcsolt,ed, That the managers on the part of the House ln the matter of the Impeachment of George W. English, United Stat£>s district judge M1·. ANTHONY. 1\rr. Speaker, I move to recede and con­ for the eastern district of Illinois, be, and they are herpby, authorized cur with an amendment. to employ legal, clerical, and other necessary a sistants and to incur 'l'he SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas moves to re­ such expt>nses as may be necessary in the preparation and conduct of cede and concur with an amendment, which the Clerk will the case, to be paid out of the contingent fund of the House on vouch­ report. ers approved by the managers, and the managers have power to ~Jend 'l'he Clerk read as follows: for persons and papers, and also that the managers have authority to :Mr. AN'rHONY moves to recede from Senate amendment No. 84, file with the Secretary of the Senate, on the part of the· House of Rep­ and concur therein with the following amendment: In lieu of the resentatives, any subsequent pleadings which they shall deem necessary. matt£>.r inserted by the Senate amendment insert the following: :Mr. HASTINGS. 1\Ir. Speaker, is there not to be a limit "$310,000: Pt·ovitled, That not to exceed $2,000 of this sum shall be placed upon the expenditures authorized by this resolution? expended for travel of officers of the War Department General Stalf Mr. GRAIIAM. There never has been. A resolution in this 1n connection with the National Guard." form has been the one adopted heretofore. The motion was agreed to. Mr. HASTINGS. In former jmpeachments, then, there has The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next amendment never been a limit placed upon the amount that those repre­ in disag1·eement. senting the House have been authorized to expend? The Clerk read as follows: Mr. GRAHAM. That is my recollection, sir. Mr. HASTINGS. Is there a limit on the number of attor­ Amendment No. 48, page 05, insert in line 1 : " The limit of cost neys who may be employed by the committee, or is it left in fixed for the completion of the survey of the Tennes ee River and its their discretion? tributaries as recommended in House Document No. 319, Sixty-seventh Congre s, second se ·sion, is hereby increased to $790,800 and the sur­ Mr. GRAHAM. I doubt if there will be any attorneys em­ vey extended to include tributaries with a drainage area of about 100 ployed in this case. · quare miles, antl the funds for the prosecution of this work within .Mr. HASTINGS. I understood from the reading of the reso­ the limit above set out may be allotted from appropriations hereto­ lution they are authorized to employ legal as i. tance. fore, herein, or hereafter made by Congress for the improvement, pres­ .Mr. GRAHAM. Yes; legal assistance. ervation, and maintenance of rivers and harbors: Pt·ovwed, That re­ l\Ir. HASTINGS. Does that contemplate the employment of ports of such survey or surveys may be made to the Congress from attorneys to assist the managers in prosecuting tile case before the Senate? time to time, but the Engi~eer Department shall not give out informa­ tion as to said surveys to other persons until after a report, partial Mr. GRAHAM. I would think so. It has been done. 'r final, shall be made to the Congress." 1\Ir. HASTINGS. Is that in contemplation in this case? · l\Ir. GRAHAM. I can not tell. That is a matter for the 1\Ir. ANTHONY. Mr. Speaker, I move to r·ecede and concur. managers whom you have selected. I think we can safely trust The motion was agreed to. this board of managers to conduct this matter in a spirit of CO ~DUCT OF JUDGE GEORGE W. ENGLISH economy and fairnes · and in an effo~·t to do ju tice. Mr. HASTINGS. l\Ir. Speaker, just one word further. I Mr. GRAHAM. l\Ir.· Speaker, I submit a re olution from the am not on the Committee on the Judiciary, but it does seem to ~~diciary Committee with reference to the impeachment pro­ me the House ought to put some limit upon these expenditures. r.eedings. :Mr. MAcGREGOR. l\[r. Speaker, I object. I think this The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania pre­ S4)nts a privileged report, which the Clerk will report. ought to be considered by the Committee on Accounts. The Clerk read as follows: The SPEAKER. The re.-olution is a privileged resolution. The question is on agreeing to the resolution. House Resolution 201 The resolution was agreed to. Resolved, That EARL C. MICHE~ER, W. D. BOIES, IRA G. HERSEY, PENSIONS C. ELI,IS MOORE, GEORGE R. STOBBS, HATTON W. SUMNERS, ANDREW J. .lll-NTAGUE, JOHN N. TILLM.AN, and FRED H. DOMINICK, Members of this The SPEAKER. Under the order of the House, the Chair House, be, and they are hereby, appointed manager·s to conduct the recognizes the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. FULLER] for 30 impeachment against Georg~ W. English, United States district judge miputes. [Applause.] CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 6

1\lr. FUI.JLER. Mr. Speaker and gentlemen of the House, I the servic~ that I have rendered here, after '\"irbat I have done, nm for pension . If it did not cost so much, I would be for it is rank injustice from these people. [Applau(le.] )nore pensions ; but it occurs to me that there must be a limit 1'hcy sent out a circular under the date of March ~0, n few somewhere, and in granting pensions we must take into con­ days ago, to all of the old veterans in which they say that sideration where the money is coming from to pay the pensions. every line of pension legislation that has been written into the We must take into consideration the fact that whenever we statute books of the United States for the past 40 years has pay out money to one class of people we must collect that been the direct result of the efforts of the National Tribune's money from other people. The Government has no money of boldly aggressive, unceasing, and untiring advocacy. They say its own except as it raises it by taxation of the people, and the act of l\Iay 1, 1020, came after a long, hard 1lght made by there are two sides to the question of pensions. the National Tribune for increases that would in a measure We want to do what we should do for the men who have be commensurate with the high cost of living. They say 110,000 defended the flag, who have fought the battles of the country. Civil \Var sunivors an.d 235,000 Civil 'Var widows are now ll'or them and for their dependents we can hardly do too much, receiving the benefit of this fight made for them by the National lmt we must take into consideration the fact that whatever Tribune. we pay out, the money must be raised from some other source. Now that was the Fuller bill. [Applause.] That was the I would be glad if we could give an the pensions that are asked bill that I drafted and put through, and here I am held re­ by the Grand Army of the Republic for the survivors of the sponsible because the soldiers or veterans and widows are Civil War and for their widows and dependents; but I doubt dying in their old age. I am held responsible by tllat paper, very much whether under existing circumstances we ought to and solely responsible because no bill has been reported out this add from $60,000,000 to $100,000,000 a year to the pension roll session fo1· a further general increase of Civil YVar pensions. at this se sion of Congre s. They do not expect such a bill to pass. The longer they cau I know I am criticized severely because as chairman of the keep the matter pending, the more claim they will make of Committee on Invalid Pensions no action has been taken during what they are doing for the veterans and widows. They are the present session of Congress to report a Civil War pension more interested in getting cash from the veterans and widows bill increasing pensions all along the line. It may be well, than fot· them. Their claim of great influence in securing perhaps, for me to recite something of the pension legislation pension legislation is false. They say " Send your $2 for a in the past few years. It has been my privilege to be a member year's subscription now." [Laughter.] I say that every dol­ of the Committee .on Invalid Pensions for something more tha_n lar these people have gotten from the old oldiers and t.he 20 years, and for the past 7 years chairman of that committee. widows for subscriptions has been gotten under false pre­ I know something of the legislation and what bas been done tenses. I deny that they have been responsible for aU pen­ during this time. sion legislation, as they claim. If they ever had any influence 1 When I became a member 'Of this committee, for instance, on legislation at all, that influence \\"as dissipated when they there was no service pension. There was no pension except begged of all the old veterans and widows to contribute at least for disability, or perhaps a part way service pension for dis­ $1 apiece or from $1 to $5 for the chairman of tbe Senate ability not incurred in the servi-ce. The pension of a private Committee on Pensions. They collected not less than $100,000 soldier at that time for disability not incurred in the service from pensioners for the chairman of the Committee on ren­ was from $6 to $12 a month ; $12 a month for total disability sions. And then-! do not know what was done with that and graded from $G up. Even for disability incurred in the vast sum of money which they got from the widows and the service the original pensions were for very small amounts. veterans in a $1 and '$5 contribution, ostensibly for the chair­ At di:ffe~:ent times dm'ing the years following bills have been man of the Senate Committee on Pensions-! do not know passed and the pensions of the Civil War soldiers increased what was done with it. I do not know what kind of an ac· from time to time, based sometimes on age, sometimes on length counting there was, but in their last letter, dated a few days of service, until the Sherwood dollar-a-day pension bill was ago, begging for financial assistance from veterans and widows passed, providing a pension for most of the veterans of $30 a to aid them in securing increases of pension, and aftet· tile month. last dollar of contributions to the Bursum fund was paiu in, And there ·the matter rested, so far as pensions for veterans at the head of their circular letter appears the name "National wa concerned, until tbe act of 1\laJ 1, 1920. That was the Tribune, _ Holm 0. Bursum, president." Comment would be Fuller bill inh·oduced by me as chairman of the Committee on superfluous. What dO' you think of that? Then talk about Invalid Pensions, reported by the Committee on InvaHd Pen­ influence on Congress l Why, Gen. Johnny Clem comes around ~ions, passed through the House under suspension of the rules, here telling members of my committee how to force bills out passed the Senate, and went to the President and became the of the committee, and tells them what to do-not that they act of l\1ay 1, 1920. That biU provided for a pension of $50 a want any more bills passed, but in order to get more sub­ month for every veteran of the Civil War who served 90 days scriptions for that vile paper. Note this full-page advertise­ or more, and if totally disabl€d, $72 a month. It was the most ment Any paper that would publish that advertisement and liberal service pension bill that ever was passed by any legis­ send it into the homes of this counh·y ought not to be per­ lative body in the world. [Applause.] mitted to go through the mails of the country. [Applause.] The pen. ion of the widows of vete.rans at the time when I Look at the character of ads carried here in order to get first became a member of that committee was $8 a month, money out of the old veterans. No decent paper would accept provided they had less than $250 a year income; after a while such ads at any price. I say the Post Office Department ought it was increased to $12 a month and later by other legislation to take notice and see that the paper is suppressed from the to $20, then to $25, and by the act of May 1, 1920, to $30 a mails for publishing indecent and obscene ads. month, ""itbout any property qualification. So that under that l\Ir. ROBSIO~ of Kentucky. Mr. Speake1·~ will the gentle­ law every widow of a veteran of the Civil """ar, although not man permit .a que"' tion? married to the veteran until 40 years after the close of the 1\lr. FULLER. What is it? war, has a pension under that law of $30 a month. Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky. The gentleman referred to l\Ir. ROBSION of Kentucky. Will the gentleman yield for Gen. J obn Clem? nn interruption? 1\lr. FULLER. Yes. ll!r. FULLER. Yes. l\Ir. ROBSION of Kentucky. Does not the gentleman k"Dow 1\Ir. ROBSION of Kentucky. Has the gentleman any statis­ that he entered the Union Army at the a.;e of 10 years, and tics to show ·what proportion of the Civil War soldiers are that for extraordinary bravery in the Battle of Shiloh was receiving $72 a month? made a sergeant; that lle not only served through that war l\Ir. FULLER. I think a majority of them. Nearly all are but served through the Spanish-American War and through the getting or soon will get $72 a month. If they show they are ·world War? so disabled to the extent of requiring personal attendance, they Mr. FULLER. And he is entitled to all credit for that, and get $72. I give him all that credit. Now, I refer to this because of an attack made upon me by Mr. tThl)ERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? professional pension people of the National Tribune, a paper 1\lr. FULLER. Yes. published in the city of Washington ostensibly in the interest Mr. UNDERWOOD. The gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. of the veterans. I received a copy of that paper under date of RoBSIO:-l] yesterday, If I remember correctly, praised the April 1 by special delivery through the mail. On the first page editor, ol one of the editors, of the Tribune. Then I uncler­ is a picture of a cemetery and a funeral and grave and all the stand the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. FuLLER] does not agree habiliments of mourning and the statement: with his colleague from Kentucky as to the work that is being done by the Tribune in advancing the cause of the pen­ Chairman FULLER is right. For these the increase is not necessary. sioners? Now, I resent that brutal thing. I resent the implication that Mr. FULLER. I do not get the point. I do not get the gen­ 1 am, xespopsible to~ 1he de~Jh ot yeterans. ~ .lY dQJD~1 _M1e~ ~lePJ,an'a qu~sti9!!t 1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6979

Mr. UNDERWOOD. In view of the statements made on the ask me if it was abooll'ltely necessary for ~m to send $2 to floor here yesterday, I asked the gentleman whether or not he the Tribune in ·order to get a pension, and I have taken the intends to condemn all of the editorial staff of the National liberty sometimes t.o tell them it was not necessary ; tllat it 'l'ribune? did not make nny difference whatever as to their pensions. Mr. FULLER. I do not lmow who they nre. I know I suspect that is one reason why the National Tribune has Johnny Clem and I know John McElroy. seen fit to attack me on every conceivable occasion during the Mr. Ur..'TIERWOOD. Just one other question. In the i sue past two or three years. I defy them. I will do whatever of April 1, from which the gentleman just read, there appears I think I ought to do -as a member of the Committee on Invalid a letter from my colleague from Ohio [:Mr. RoY G. FITZGERALD], Pensions and as a Member o-F this House, but I will not be in which he states that the clerk of our committee adnsed him dictated to by John McElroy or Johrmy Clem. [Applause.] to this effett : MESSAGE FROM Tl!E ~ATE I called the clerk of the Invalid Pensions Committee, and he in· A mes~age from the Senate by Mr. Craven, one of its clerks, formed me that bearings were held on the Elliott bill, but that nothing announced that the Senate had agreed to the report of the further was done after the bearings were held. Be explained that the committee of conference on tbe disagreeing votes of the two reason that nothing further was being done was because the increase Houses on the amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. aid not seem necessary in the eyes of the members. 9341) making appropriations for the Executtve Office and I ask the gentleman, in connection with that, whether or not sundry independent executive bureaus, commissions, and offices that quotation from M.r. RoY G. FITZGERALD's letter correctly for the fiscal year e-nding June 30, 1927, and for otll-er purposes. expresses the views of the individual members of the Commit­ ASSISTANT TREASURER OF THE UNITED STATES tee on InYalid Pensions? Mr. 1\IcFADDEN. 1\Ir. Speak~r, I call up the Senate bill Mr. FULLER. I do not know whether the clerk ever made 3547, to change the title of Deputy Assistant Treasti.rer of the any such t:ll·eak as that. I doubt ve.ry much if he e\er did. I United States to .Assistant Treasurer of the United States. can not answer for the opinions of individual memb-ers of the The SPEAKER. The Ohair understands that a similar bill, committee. So far as th·e chairman of that committee is con­ a House bill, has been reported favorably? cerned, he is in favor of granting all the pen~ions that can Mr. }.IcFADDEN. It is identical with the Bouse bill now rea. onubly be granted to the veterans of the Civil ·war and on the calendar. their widows, and I am not opposing any increase that mem­ The SPEAKER. The Clerk will rep01·t the bill. bers of the committee or of the House may think justified. The Clerk read as follows: 1\Ir. UNDERWOOD. Can the gentleman tell us at this time Be it enacted, -etc., That the title Deputy A.ssista11t Treasurer -ot the when the Invalid Pensions Committee will meet to consider United States as designate(.] by tbe act npproved March 3, 1901, IDt the Elliott bill! amended b.y the act app1·ovoo July 1~, 1914, be, and the same is hereby, Mr. FULLER. The committee will moot next Friday, and If changed and shall hereafter be designated as Assistant Treasurer of the the committee desires to report out any bill nobody, so far as I United States. know, will object. I certainly will not. I have not tried to pre· vent them from reporting out any bill. I simply thought my­ Mr. McFADDEN. Mr. Speaker, I may explain to the House self that under present circum tances it is not advisable to in­ that this is simply a change of the title· from the words " Dep· crease the pension roll of the United States by from $60,000,000 nty Assistant 'l'reasnrer" to the words HA sistant 'I'reasuTer!' to $100,000,000 a year by a bill granting very large increases It has the approval of the Treasury Department. all along the lin-e. The SPEAKER. The question is o;n tbe third reading of tbe Mr. UNDERWOOD. Does the gentleman think in all fairness Senate blll. that the members of the Committee on Invalid Pensions should The Senate bill was ordered to be read a third time, was read take the responsibility for n{)t holding fmther hearings on the the third time, and passed. Elliott bill? A motion to reconsider the vote whereby the bill was passed Mr. FULLER. I do not know. If the committee desires to was ordered to be laid on the table. have fmther hearings, it is for them to say; not for me. The The SPEAKER. Without objection, the similar House bill committee may take whatever action they may think _proper. will be laid oQn the table. WHh reference to the publishers of the National Tribune, they There was no objection. are in the pension busine"s for profit; they have grown rich and GRAIN AND SEEDS prosperous from the pensions paid by a grateful Government to Mr. 1\IAPES. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to take the Nation's defen~ers and to their dependents. It is not for from the Speaker}s table the bill S. 2465, strike out all after tl1e them to dictate what shall be done. It is not for them to say enacting clause, and sub titute the bill H. R. 10541, now on the that we shall pass such and such .a bill. I am willing to d{) Union Calendar, and a k to have the substitute considered in whatever is thought best for the veterans and for the widows the House as in Committee of the Whole. of the Civil War. It seems to me that a pension of $50 a month The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Michigan asks unanl­ for every veteran who served 90 days, of $72 a month as a mous consent to take from the Speaker's table Senate bill 2465 mere se-rvice pen ion for a man who served perhaps 90 days and ubstih1te for it Hou. e bill 10541 and consider the same. and never suffered injury in the service is a liberal pension. I in the House as in Committee of the Whole. Is there objection? do not know that it ought to be increased. We must consider Mr. BLACK of Texas. May we have the bill reported. Mr. not alone what \Ye ought to do for the Nation's defenders and Speaker? for theii· dependents, but we must consider the taxpayer as The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report it. well, and all of the peopl-t; and do whate"rer is for the best. I The Clerk read the title of the bill, as follows : am not opposing pensions. I am simply not advocating now any further great increase in the pension rolL A bill (IL R. 10541) to amend the act entitled "An act to re.,oulate Yesterday by action of the House, if it passes the Senate and foreign commerce by prohibiting the admission into the United Stntes becomes a law, we added something ·O"rer $18,000,000 to the of certain adulterated grain and seeds unfit for seeding purpo~s,'' pension roll of the United States for the. pensioners of the approved August 24, 1912, as amended. Spanish-American War. I "ras glad to vote for that bill. I Mr. MAPES. Mr. 'Speaker, I would like to modify my re· was glad that it passed the House unanimoUBly. There is now quest and ask to strike out atl after the enacting clause in the pending before the Committee on Invalid Pensions a bill pro­ Senate bill, substitute the provisions of the House bill, and posing to materially increase the pensions of the maimed sol­ consider it 1n the House as in the Committee of the Whole. diers of all the wars, the Civil War and all other wars, and of The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Michigan modifies those who become totally disabled or blind. his request, and it now is to take from the Speaker's table Tllat bill has passed the Senate, and it will be reported by Senate bill 2465, strike out all after the enacting c-lause, sub­ the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and I think it will pass the stitute the provisions of House bill 10541, and consider the neuse. same in the House as in Committee of the Whole. How much further we ought to go on the pension question Mr. BLACK of Texas. Re erving the right to object, Mr. at this session of Congress is for the House to determine. I Speaker, does this bill which the gentleman -pro}}Oses t-o sub­ simply decline to be held responsible for eveJ:ything that is not stitute have the unanimous report from tb.e committee? done. I decline to take the responsibility for the death of the Mr. MAPES. It has. I will say to the gentleman from Texas old veterans and widows, as given me by the National Tribune. that in substance it is the same as the Senate bill. The Houoo They can talk; they want more subscribers; they want to get committee consider~d an identical bill with the Senate bill. more money from the old veterans and widows. They senti After eonsideration of it we thought it better t-o redraft it. out these appeals every few days, "Subscribe for the Tribune." But the Honse bill is, 1n substanill that we send over there, where they have a bill of the same or association; import on the calendar, they strike out all of the House bill "(2) The term 'interstate commerce' means commerce between any and insert in lieu thereof a Senate bill. If the Senate bill is State, Territory, or possession, or the District of Columbia, and any a good bill and it does what the House wants to do, why not other State, Territory, or possession, or the District of Columbia; or adopt it and thus end the matter? between points within the same State, Territory, or possession, or the :Mr. MAPES. Mr. Speaker, those who have considered this District of Columbia, but through any place outside thereof; or legislation considered the House bill much better in a lot of within any Territory or possession, or the District of Columbia ; and particulars. I will say to the gentleman from Texas that I was "(3) The term 'district court of the United States' includes any uncon cious of the practice be refers to in the Senate. court exercising the powers of a district court of the United States. .JI.lr. BLANTON. I have observed it several times here in the "(g) l~'or the purposes of this section, seed shall be held to be last 11ine years. misbranded if- Mr. MAPES. This is a much better bill, we think. " ( 1) The container thereof, or the invoice relating thereto, or any The SPEAKER. Is there objection? advertising pertaining thereto, bears or contains any statement, design, There was no objection. or device that is false and fraudulent; or The SPEAKER. The Clerk '\\'"ill report the bill. "(2) If such seed is required to be colored, under the provisions of The Clerk read the bill, as follows : section 5 and the regulations issued thereunder, and is not so colored; or Be 1t e11acted, etc., That section 1 of the act entitled "An act to "(3) If such seed is colored in imitation of seed required to be regulate foreign commerce by prohibiting the admission into the United colored under the provisions of section 5 and the regulations issued States of certain adulterated grnin and seeds unfit tor seeding pur­ thereundeL'. poses," appr.oved August 24, 1912, as amended, is amended (a) by "(h) 'l'he Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to prescribe such striking out the words " red top" wherever such words appear in such r.-gulations as may lJe necessary for carrying out the provisions of section and (b) by inserting, after the word "flax" in the second this section. proviso of such section a comma and the words " broomcor~ millet, "(i) 'l'bis section shall take el!'ect upon the date of the passage early fortune millet." of this amendatory Rct; but no penalty or condemnation shall l.J~ · SEC. 2. Such act of August 24, 1912, as amended, is amended by enforced for any violation of this section occurring within 90 days adding at the end thereof the following new sections: after such date." " SEc. 5. (a) On and after the effective date of this subdlvi&1on the importation into the United States of seeds of alfalfa or red clover, 1\Ir. RANKIN. 1\Ir. Speaker, I wish to offer an amendment or any mixture of seeds containing 10 per cent or more of the seeds of by inserting in line 8, on page 2, after the word "alfalfa," the nlfalfa and/ or red clover, is prohibited unless such seeds are colored word "cotton," and I am going to give the House my reasons tn such manner and to such extent as the Secretary of Agriculture for doing so. may prescribe. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Mississippi offers an "(b) Whenever the Secretary of Agriculture, a!ter public hearing, amendment, which the Clerk will report. determines that seeds of alfalfa or red clover from any foreign country The Clerk read as follows: (lr region are not adapted for general agricultural use in the United Amendment offered by Mr. RANKIN: On page 2, line 8, after the States he shall publish such determination. On aud after the expira­ word " alfalfa," insert the word " cotton." tion of 90 days after the date of such publication and until such deter­ mination is revoked the importation into the Unitrd States of any of Mr. RA!\"'KIN. .Mr. Speaker, in a recent conversation which such seeds, or of any mixture of seeds containing l 0 per cent or more I had with a very distinguished citizen of our country, who of such seeds of alfalfa and/or red clover, is prohibited, unless at least ha.s spe11t several years in the Diplomatic Service in South 10 per cent of the seeds in each container is stained a red color, In America, he gave me this astounding information, which I accordance with such regulations as the Secretary of Agriculture may should at least like the Members from the cotton-growing prescribe. States to hear. He said that a former President of the Bra• "(c) The Secretary of the Tt·easury and the Secretary of Agricul­ zilian Republic undertook a progra~ of the distribution of ) ture shall jointly prescribe such rules and regulations as may be nee· cottonseed, such as we have had in former times by the De­ essary to prel"ent the importation into the United States of any seeds partment of Agriculture. Unfortunately, they chanced to get the importation of which is prohibited. hold of some seeds that were infected with the pink bollworm, "(d) Subdivision (a) of thJs section shall become effective upon the and as a result they scattered the pink bollworm all over the expiration of 90 days after the date of the passage of this amenda­ Brazilian Republic, and he said that to-day it is paralyzing cot­ ton production in that great country. If that is the case, it tory act. seems to me we ought to protect ourselves against the importation " SEC. 6. (a) No person shall transport, deliver for transportation, of cottonseed until that condition is suppressed or controlled. sell, or offer for sale, in interstate commerce, anl' seed which is mis· We have appropriated thousands of dollars to destroy or to branded within the meaning of this section; except that this section zone or to try to get rid of the pink bollworm. Wherever be shall not appiy to any common carrier in r espect or any seed trans· goes he is deadly. He is not like the boll weevil. It is im­ ported or delivered for transportation in the ordinary course of its possible to raise cotton there again, at least, for a great number busille s as a common carrier. of years, and we are not sure that it will be po sible at any "(b) Any misbranded seed shall be liable to be proceeded against time in the future to raise cotton in those areas that have been 'n the district court of the United States for any judicial district in infected by the pink bollworm. So it seems to me we ought which 1t is found, and to be seized for confiscation by a process of to at least throw that small protection around our cotton libel for condemna1ion, if such seed is being- growers, who rE.'present one of the greatest agricultural indus­ " (1) Transported in interstate commerce ; or tries in the world. "(2) Held for sale or exchange after having been so transported. Mr. JOHNSON of Texas. Will the gentleman yield? "(c) If such seed is condemned by the court as misbranded, it shall Mr. RANKIN. Yes. be oispoRed of in the discretion of the court­ Mr. JOHNSON of Texas. I did not hear the gentleman's "(1) By sale; or amendment. Will he explain the way it will affect the matter? "(2) By delivery to the owner thereof upon the payment of the l\lr. RANKIN. This bill is intended to prevent the shipment legal costs and charges, and the execetion and delivery of a good and into the United States of alfalfa seed and red clover seed unless sufficient bond to the effect that such seed will not be sold or disposed they are colored or so marked that everyone will know they of in nny jurisdiction contt·ary to the provisions of this act or the are imported. That is done in order to warn the farmers laws of such jurisdiction; or that whenever they buy these seeds they are taking the risk of "(3) By destruction. planting in their fields seed that are either defective or in­ " (d) li such seed is disposed of by sale, the proceeds of the sale, fected with the sundry diseases that are detrimental to those less the legal costs and charges, shall be paid into the Treasury as crops. I am only a king in this tmendment that they give the miscellaneous receipts. same protection to the cotton growers of the South against the " (e) Proceedings in such libel cases shall conform, as nearly as most deadly pest that has ever been known so far as cotton may be, to suits in rem in admiralty, except that either party may growing is concerned. demand trial by jury on any issue of fact if the value in controversy Mr. O'CONNELL of New York. Will the gentleman yield? exceeds $20; and facts so tried shall not be reexamined other than Mr. RANKIN. Yes. .. in accordance w1th the rules of the common lnw. All such proceed­ Mr. O'CONNELL of New York. Does not the law take care Ings shall be at the suit and in the name of the United States. The of that so far as the Agricultural Department is concerned? Supreme Court of the Unlted States and, under its direction, other Mr. RAJ\TKIN. I do not tllink so. If it did, we would not courts of the United States are authorized .to pre.scribe rules regulat­ have tbls bill before the House. ing such proceedings in any particular not provided by law. Mr. BURTNESS. Will the gentleman yield? "(f) As used in this seetion~ :Mr:. RANKIN. .Yes, 1926 OONGRESSION AL RECORD-HOUBE Mr. BURTNESS. I _had in mind the yery question that the Mr. RANKIN. So far as the experts are concerned, Mr. gentleman from New York has just asked, whether protection Speaker, if we waited- for experts to solve our agricultural against evils of that sort Is not now provided by the quarantine problems, I am prone to believe we would be in a terrible shape regulations and things of that sort. This bill is not intended in this country. If we are going to wait for these experts to to reach any evils that may arise from diseases of seeds, or let it dawn upon them in an indirect way that the Brazilian anything of that sort. Those evils are covered by special pro­ Republic is infected with this dangerous disease or this pest visions of the law. This is simply intended to act as a warn­ to the cotton crop, and then wait for them to send men down ing to the farmers. It is not intended as any protection against there to investigate, sending a lot of fellows down there who diseases, or something of that sort, but rather as a warning to do not know anything about cotton, to come back here a year the farmer in determining whether the seed is adaptable in a or two from now, or three -or five years, to report on this propo4 climatic way and for the other purposes that he intends to sition, and then bring it before the House, or before a com­ put it to. mittee, and hold hearings and go on through another year or - The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from Missis­ two, the chances are that this pest will be imported into the sippi has expired. United States in great abundance, and it will be too late to Mr. RAJ\"'KIN. 1\fr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to protect our cotton growers against a pest of this kind before proceed for five additional minutes. we could get any action. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Mississippi asks 1\.Ir. :MAPES. Mr. Speaker, I will say that the Committee on unanimous consent to proceed for five additional minutes. Is Inter tate and Foreign Commerce and the subcommittee that there objection? reported this bill did not consider the cottoiLSeed proposition. There was no objection. No one suggested to the committee that it be included in this Mr. R.Al\TKIN. If that is the case, then there is a greater bill. I do not think that it is good legislation to put on an reason for my amendment than there is for the original bill, amendment of this kind without giving J.t more careful con· because it is to warn our people against the dangers of im­ sideration than we are able to give it on the floor of the House. ported seed. If the gentleman from North Dakota [Ur. BURT­ However, I do not want to take up the time of the House this NESS] lived in a cotton-gtowing State and knew just what the afternoon in any lengthy discussion. The Committee an Appro­ pink boll-worm pe t means, he would understand the necessity priations is anxious to go on with the legislative appropriation for this legislation. It is merely to warn our people against bill. I will only say that this bill follows the recommenda­ planting imported seed 1ikely to be infected with this pest tion of the Department of .Agricultul'e, and I think the ex­ Mr. BURTNESS. My point is this: That this sort of protec­ perience of the House is that the Department of Agriculture tion would not be sufficient for that purpose .at all. The kind does not hesitate to recommend legislation whenever it con­ of protection the gentleman needs to cover the evil he speaks siders such legislation desirable. I am willing to submit the of is an absolute prohibition against its coming into this coun­ matter to a vote of the House without any further discussion. try at all, and I think you have that sort of protection in the The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the amend· law to-day. ment of the gentleman from Mississippi [Mr. R.ANKI~]. Mr. RANIDN. I do not think so, and an amendment of that The question was taken; and on a division (demanded by Mr. kind would not be in order on this bill. I am merely asking RANKI ~) there were-ayes 33, noes 52. that you give us this small protee :Mr. COLTON. We have that difficulty in the alfalfa-growing Beck Harrett, Tenn. McKeown Rubey sections and we are vitally interested. Bell Garrett, Tex. MC-\Iillan Rutherford Bland Gasque McReynolds Sanders, Tex. l\lr. RANKIN. This ame;ndment would not hurt you at all. Blanton Gib on McSwain Sandlin .Mr. COLTON. I think not. Bloom Gilbert McSweeney Schafer - Mr. MAPES. Mr. Speaker, I do not want to take up the time Bowling Goldsborough Major Shallenbf'rger Box Green, Fla. Mansfield Smithwick of the Hou e at this time, but I would like to say just a word. Boylan Greenwood Martin, La. Snearing The seeds included in this bill, alfalfa and red clover, are in­ Briggs Hare .Mead Sproul, Kans . cluded upon the recommendation of the Agricultural Depart­ Brigham Hastings Milligan Stedman Browning Hayden Montague Sumners, Tex. ment after years of study and experience, and after experi­ Buchanan Hill, Ala. Montgomery Swank ments by many different State agricultural experiment stations Busby Hill, Wash. Moore, Ky. Taylor, Colo. i_n cooperation with the United States Department of .Agricul­ Canfield Hogg Moore, Va. Taylor, Tenn. Cannon Howard Morehead Taylor, W.Va. ture. The bill goes as far as the Agricultural Department is Collier Huddleston Morrow Thomas ready to go at the present time. Collins Hull, Tenn. Nelson, Mo. 'lurker Mr. RANKIN. Will the gentleman yield? Connery Hull, Willlam E. Norton Underwood Cox Johnson, Tex. O'Connell, N. Y. Upshaw Mr. l\IAPES. Yes. Crisp Jones O'Connell, R. I. Vinson, Ga. Mr. RANKIN. There is not a member of the Agricultural Cullen Kemp O'Connor, La. YinS{)n, Ky _ Deparment, so far as I know, who is high up in that depart­ Davis Kerr Oldfield Weaver Deal Kincheloe Oliver, Ala. Wefald ment from the cotton-growing States. I am asking for this Dickjnson, Mo. Kindred Oliver, N.Y. Whitehead protection before it is too late. Dominick Kvale Parks Whlttillgton ' Mr. MAPES. I will say to the gentleman that on the sub­ Dougbton Lanham ratterson Williams, Tex. Douglass Lankford Peavey Wilson, La. committee of the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ Driver Lar~en Peery Wingo merce that considered the legislation there was a gentleman Edwards Lazaro Pou Wright from the cotton-growing section, the gentleman from Arkansas Eslick Lea, Calif. Quln Wurzbach [Mr. PARKS]. He took a very active and intelligent part during NAYS-167 the hearings and other consideration of the bill by the committee. l1r. RANKIN. Oh, yes ; but the chances are the gentleman Ackerman Black, N.Y. Chindblom Davenport Adkins Black, Tex. Cole Dicltinson, Iowa from Arkansas was not a ware of the condition which this .andresen Boies Colton Dowell former diplomat to a South American Republic assures me Andrew Bowles Cooper, OMo Dyer exists throughout that country to-day. Arentz Brand, Ohio Cooper, Wis. Eaton Bacharach Browne Coming Elliott Mr. l\IAPES. Does the gentleman think legislation ought to Bachmann Brumm Coyle Ellis be pa. sed by Congress based only upon a more or less casual Bacon Burdick Cramton Esterly remark of the kind the gentleman has referred to and without Bailey Burtnegs Crowther Jl'aUBt Barbour CampbeJI Crumpacker· Fenn being recommended by the department and the experts who Barkley Carpenter Curry ­ Fitzgerald, Roy G. have eds, and he told me that under the present quarantine laws Jenkins Michener Stalker Williamson th<.'re are quarantine regulations against the importation of Johnson, Ind. Miller Stephens Wolverton cottonseed from areas infested with boll wee-vil. In fact, the Johuson, Wash. J\Iills Stobbs Woodruff Kahn Moore, Ohio Strong, Pa. Wyant regulations are so strict that no cottonseed can ue imported Kearns Morgan StrotlJer at the pre~ent tJme into this country for seeding purposes ANSWERED " PRESENT "-2 except possibly some long-staple cottonseed from Egypt, where Byrns Leavitt the seed is used in the southwestern sections of the country. NOT YOTING-118 In order to import cottonseed at all; eyen fo~ manufacturing .Abernethy Denison Johnson, Ill. Sears, Fla. purposes, the im11orter must have some sort of permit, and .Aldrich Dickstein Johnson, Ky. Shreve then only for specific places where it may be used in crusheries Allen Duyle Johnson, S.Dak. Sinclair such Anthony Drane Keller Sosnowski for purposes. Applebv Drewry Kendall Sproul, Ill. As suggested in the colloquy which occurred before the 1ote AufderHeide Evans King Steagall between the gentleman from 1rllssissippl [l\lr. RANKIN] and Beedy Ji'airchild Kirk Stevenson my it is, De~g Ji'ish Kunz Strong, Kans. elf, of course, plain that seed as unfit as cottonseed Berger Ji'laberty Lampert Sullivan infected with boll weevil, should not be permitted to come in Bixler Frear Lee, Ga. Swartz wHh or without staining, but should be absolutely prohibited Bowman Fredericks Lineberger Sweet Brand, Ga. French Lyon Swoope from being imported into the country at all. That is, in fact, Britten I•'unk McFadden •.remp1e the present policy both as laid down by the laws of the country Bulwinkle Oallhan 1\fagee, N.Y. Thompson as well as by the regulations of the department under the Burton Goodwin Michaelson Tillman B'utler Gorman Mooney Tydings quarantine laws. This bill does not reach that aspect but Carew Graham Morin Vare covers an entirely different but important feature. Carl's Green, Iowa Nelson, W!s. Walters Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Rpeaker, I rise in opposition to the Carter, Calif. Griffin Newton, Mo. ·warren Carter, Okla. Hale Perkins Weller amendment of the gentleman from North Dakota. CeJler Hammer Perlman WE'lsh Mr. WINGO. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary inquiry. Chapman Harrison Porter White, M:e. The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Christopherson Hawes Prall Wilson, Miss. Clague Hprsey Quayle Winter l\Ir. "'WINGO. Is this post-mortem in order? Cleary Holaday Ransley Wood The SPEAKER. A motion to strike out the last word is in Connally, Tex. Hucl!'lrw>th Rathbone Woodrum order. Connolly, ra. Hull, Morton D. Reeu, N.Y. Yates Crost~er Il'Win neld. Ill. Zlhlman Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, in answer to the Rtatement of Davey James Sabath the gentleman from North Dakota about a subject which be Dempsey Jetrel's Schneider admits he does not know anything, I desire to say that this So the amendment was rejected. amendment possibly would not have cost another dollar. It The Clerk announced the following pairs: might not have kept out a pound of cottonseed. The present On this YOte : regulations do not amply protect the cotton growers against Mr. Byrns (for) with Mr. Vare (against). . the pink boll worm, the most deadly pest that the cotton plant Mr. Brand of Georgia (for) with Mr. Deni on (agawst). Mr Jeffers (for) with Mr. McFadden (agaln!'lt). has ever known. It would have warned the farmers against Mr: Connally of Texas (for) with 1\fr. Ne'\\i:on of Missouri (against). the. e imported seed. Mr. Sears of Florida (for) with Mr. Gorman (against). By your -rote you have refused us the small amount of pro­ Mr. Abernethy (for) with Mr. Ransley (against). Mr. Drane (for) with Mr. FUnk (against). tection that we ask here for the cotton farmer • of the country, Mt·. Tillman (for) with Mr. Hersey (against). which possibly would not have cost this Government a dollar. Mr. Harrison (for) with Mr. French (against). I am not willing for Doctor Taylor or anyone else to com~ here ML·. Warren (for) with Mr. Butler (against). Mr. HudEIJeth (for) with Mr. Graham (against). and soothe the House by saying we are already protected by Mr. Lee of Georgia (for) with Mr. Begg (against). regulations. These other seeds are also protected by regula­ Mr. Rulwinkle (for) with Mr. Magee of New York (against). tions ; but If the pink boll worm should be transplanted from Mr. Lyon (for) with Mr. Bixler (again t). Mr. Carter of Oklahoma (for) with Mr. Reid of Illinois (against). a South American country into the middle of Egypt, there is no Mr. Davey (for) with Mr. Shreve (against). \Yay under the shining sun to protect the cotton growers of Mr. Wilson of Missis. ippi (for) with Mr. Johnson of Illinois (against). .America from that poison until the Egyptian Government or :Mr. F.vans (for) with Mr. Beedy (against). Mr. Woodrum (for) with 1\ll'. Fairchild (against). the people in authority there are willing to come out ami Mr. Doj·Ie (for) with Mr. Kendall (again~t). admit that their country is infected with it, which they likely 1\Ir. Steven on (for) with Mr. Wood (agamst). would not do until it is everlastingly too late. Mr. Chapman (for) with Mr. Sosnowski (against), :Mr. Steagall (for) with .Mr. Sweet (against). Mr. BLACK of Texas and Mr. BLANTON rose. Mr. Tvdings (for) with Mr. Yates (against). l\Ir. RAJ\l"UN. I yield first to the gentleman from Texas 1\Ir. Johnson of Kentucky (for) with Mr. Rathbone (against). [Mr. BucKl if I have any time remaining. 1\Ir . .Auf der Heide (for) with Mr. Burton (against). Mr. Carew (for) with :Mr. Anthony (against). l\Ir. BLACK of Texas. I just want to make the statement Mr. Kunz (for) with Mr. Irwin (against). it is my understanding that every bushel of cotton eed that is Mr. Mooney (for) with 1\Ir. Britten (against). imported into the United States is disinfected now by quaran­ Mr. Quayle (for) with Mr. Johnson of South Dakota (against), Mr. Crosser (for) with Mr. Christopherson (against). tine officers of the Department of Agriculture, and I think this Mr. Weller (tor) with Mr. Lampert (against). has been the case for some time. Mr. Drewry (for) with Mr. Clague (against). Mr. RANKIN. There may be some method of disinfection; Mr. Hawes (for) with Mr. Flaherty (against). Mr. Griffin (for) with Mr. Connolly of Pennsylvania (against). but if you know anything about the pink boll worm, you are Mr. Hammer (for) with Mr. Morin (against). bound to know that the kind of disinfection which they admin­ Mr. Celler (for) with Mr. Perkins (against). ister to cottonseed for crushing purposes only will not destroy Mr. Sa bath (for) with Mr. Porter (against). Mr. Prall (for) with Mr. Green of Iowa (against). the germ of the pink boll worm. Mr. Gallivan (for) with Mr. Sproul of Illinois (against), If these pink boll-worm infected seeds are sent out through Mr. Cleary (for) with 1\Ir. Welch (against). the country, it simply means that wherever these germs are Mr. Sullivan (for) with Mr. Sinclair (against). Mr. Carss (for) with Mr. Michaelson (against). planted in that ·area the growing of cotton is practically a llr. Dickstein (for) with Mr. Swoope (against). thing of the past. 1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6983 Mr. BLANTON. Will tbe gentleman yield now? of such seed but also the labor involved in its sowing and the Mr. RANKIN. Yes. loss in the rotation. For many years farmers in the northern Mr. BLANTON. I wish the gentleman from Mississippi s·ection of the country have complained of unusual winter would send a small package of cottonseed to the gentleman from killing of both clover and alfalfa. Various reasons have been South Dakota so that he can see what they look like. assigned for this heavy loss-poor soil conditions, so-called The SPEAKER. The question is on the amendment. clover sickne s, and various other causes. At last the experi· The que. tion was taken, and the amendment was agreed to. ment stations and scientific societies took up the study of the Mr. KETCHAM. Mr. Speaker, I ask leave to revise and ex- matter and carried on elaborate experiments with both native tend my rernar ks. and imported clover and alfalfa seeds. These experiments de­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the request of the gen­ veloped the fact that one outstanding cause of the high per­ tleman from Michigan? centage of crop loss was due to imported seed grown under There was no objection. climatic conditions entirely different than those prevailing in Mr. KETCHAM. 1\Ir. Speaker, recognizing the desire of the the northern sections of the country. Italian seed was espe­ chairman of the subcommittee in charge· of the legislative ap-. cially susceptible to winter killing. Numbers of experiments propriatlon bill to finish general debate at the earliest possible have hown an almost complete loss of Italian seeds and a high moment, I shall not take up any time in explaining the pro­ percentage of French seeds, particularly those grown in south­ visions of H. R. 8118 or its amended form, H. R. 10541. ern France. In contrast with a heavy percentage of winter On January 30 I took occasion under general debate on the killing of Italian and French seed, elaborate experiments con­ agricultural appropriation bill to explain in some detail the con­ ducted under the same conditions as those under which the ditions that make this legislation ne.cessary, and also outlined French and Italian strains were tested have shown our domestic tbe various provisions of the measure now under consideration. seed of pure northern origin to be particularly adapted to our Subsequent to the introduction of H. R. 8118 extended hearings winter conditions. The tests have uniformly shown 80 to 90 were held by a subcommittee of the Interstate and Foreign per cent of a stand the second season for clover and endming Commerce Committee, at which the testimony of representatives high percentages of alfalfa through succeeding seasons. of the Department of A"'riculture, Federated Seed Service, Safe­ It is impossible even for the greatest expert in seeds to detect seed (Inc.), the American Farm Bureau Federation, and the Italian or French seed from the native grown by mere in pec­ National Grange was given in support. Testimony in opposition tion. It can only be identified after being planted and grown. to the me·asure was also taken from Mr. Curtis· Nye Smith, of In view of heavy importations from both Italy and France, it

Boston, Mass. 1 representing the American Seed Trade Associa­ has therefore seemed but fair that some plan should be devised tion and from a few representatives of wholesale seed houses. whereby dealers, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers might After full consideration of the testimony a subcommittee of know with certainty the origin of seed. Additional reason tor the Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee re'ported H. R. this legislation is found in the practice of a few unscrupulous 8118 in amended form, and H. R. 10541 was reintroduced in dealers· who are said to have purchased large quantities of t~e House incorporating these amendments. In this form the Italian and French clover seed, and after mixing it with do­ ·Committee on Inter tate and Foreign Commerce unanimously mestic seed have sold it under various brands to tmsuspecting reported the bill to the House' as it is now presented for amend- dealers, and they in turn have pas ed it on to farmers, with ·ment to Senate bill 2465. Every Member of the House is the disastrous results above noted. The loss sustained by familiar in a general way with the importance to the country farmers because of this practice would undoubtedly run into of the two crops that are particularly affected by the provisions millions of dollars, as a very considerable percentage of this of this bill, namely, red clover and alfalfa. Just a glance at imported seed is worthless so far as securing a stand of clover the production figures for 1925 will refresh our minds on this or alfalfa is. concerned. Under any plan of inspection hereto­ ·point. fore possible the ultimate consumer could not be assured of There was a production in that year of 8,341,000 acres of purchasing adapted seed of known origin. By a simple process clear clover hay, and 16,814,000 acres of mixed hay. Counting of changing seed fi•om one bag to another or exchanging tags one-half the acreage of mixed ~lover and timothy hay as clover and labels foreign seed could be sold in domestic containers or ·and combining this with the acreage of clear clover hay, we under domestic labels. Experiments by the Swedish Govern­ have a total of 16,750,000 acres of clover hay produced in one ment in injecting a small percentage of eosin dyes into original year in the United States. The estimated yield from this containers of seed make it possible to identify importations. acreage is 21,230,000 tons. Pricing it at $14.75 per ton gives Proof of the fact that there has been sharp practice in the a total of $313,257,250. To the e significant figures of the matter of adulterating or "blending" imported seed with that clover crop for 1925 should be added the production of clover of domestic production is clearly indicated in the following seed, which is estimated at 85,000,000 pounds. At the con­ resolutions adoptetl by the American Society of Agronomy at servative figure of 25 cents per pound, an. additional sum of its la t annual meeting in December, 1925. This society is the $21,250,000 is to be credited to clover production. leading organization in the country dealing with the scientific Our acreage of alfalfa for 1925 was 11,040,000 acres, and problems of agriculture, and its s4ttements therefore have the yield 28,858,000 tons. Pricing alfalfa hay at $13.75 per unusual weight: ton gives us a total of $306,797,500. To this should be added the estimated yield of alfalfa seed for 1925 of 48,000,000 Whereas carefully conducted investigations by members of this pounds. At 20 cents per pound, this represents an additional society have shown that seeds from southern Europe, South America, and other foreign countries are often not adapted to use in the United value of $9,600,000 to be credited to alfalfa production. The grand total involved in both hay and seed production in these States; and two crops, therefore, closely approaches three-quarters of a Whereas the substitution of such seeds for those of other origin billion dollars-to be exact, $740,904,750. These figures must which are suitable for use by American farmers by unscrupulous seed impress even the casual reader with the importance of safe­ dealers is now often done, thereby causing heavy financial losses to guarding the seed from which these two important crops are users of such seed: Therefore be it grown. Resolved, That the American Society of Agronomy ts heartily in Our clover-seed requirements each year amount to practi­ favor of national and State legislation wh1ch will compel the coloring . cally 100,000,000 pounds. Our domestic production averages o.r otherwise labeling of such imported seed so that it can not be substituted for other seed without the knowledge of the purchaser; and 85,000,000 pounds. In alfalfa our annual consumption is ap­ Resolvect, That the secretary of the society be requested to call tbis proximately 40,000,000 and our average production 8,000,000. resolution to' the attention of any and all appropriate commercial and It will, therefore, be observed that on the average we must import 1:5,000,000 of red clover seed each year. Being under legislative organizations. the necessity of importing practically 15 per cent of our clover It is· the belief of the supporters of this bill that its provi­ seed each year, it t.s evident that the greatest care should be sions will make it possible for the ultimate consumer to know exercised in securing seed that is adaptable to the wide range definitely whether he is purchasing domestic or foreign grown of climatic conditions prevailing in the sections where clover seed. We follow this same practice in connection with our can be grown advantageously. . manufactured imports and require imported articles to ·bear Great care needs to be exercised in the selection of seed not . unmistakable proof of the country of manufacture. Certainly only because of the importance of the crop so far as its actual no one can deny the necessity of extending the same measure sale and feeding value is concerned, but also because of the of protection to so important a factor in our farm operations fact that it is relied upon very strongly to rebuild the soil. No as clover and alfalfa seed. . successful farmer in the country overlooks the value of red Under the provisions of H. R. 10541 all imported seed must clover as an important crop in his rotation, nor can he forget have at least 1 per cent st.ain to distinguish it as imported. the value of alfalfa as a soil builder. The use of p(>or and Should the Department of Agriculture, after a thorough test of unadapted seed not only causes the farme~ to lose the first cost t;he adaptability Qf either clover o_~ alfalfa seed fro:m any LXVII-'--440 "6984 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE ArniL 6 country, determine that it is unsuited to our climatic condi­ l\Jr. DICKIXSON of Iowa. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2[) min­ tions, it must require at least 10 per cent of the seed from utes to the gentleman from Nebraska [l\Ir. SIMMONS]. that particular country to be dyed red, thereby putting every ~Ir. SIMMOXS. l\Ir. Chairman, :yesterday morning I re­ purchaser of such seed on notice that it is absolutely in­ ceived, and I a sume other Members received, letters from the adaptable. American Legion urging the immediate passage by the Congress Objection was made by some of the importers during the of II. R. 10277, H. R. 10240.. and II. R. 4548.· hearings against putting the " skull and cross bones " against H. R. 10277, by l\Ir. GREEN of Iowa, amends the World War all imported seed. In reply it may easily be seen that foreign adjusted compensation act in several much-needed particulars. seed from certain countries may have a .distinct value and the The bill aims to equalize the benefits of• the act among the dyeing of a certain percentage will mark it with this distinction dependents of the veterans, prevents the disallowance or reduc­ just as in our own country many articles bearing particular tion of claims through mere technicalities; it either very much brands have come to have a very high value and the trade­ liberalizes or entirely does a way with the dependency show­ marks they bear are of great importance. The outstanding ing now required to be made. The American Legion says of question is the character of the seed itself. It is inconceivable the bill: that harm will be done to any country whose clover and alfalfa It will bring needed relief to the dependent mothers of our dead seed is adaptable. On the other hand, it is believed that a killed in action in France. ' premium would be placed upon the seed coming from countries having similar climatic conditions with our own. It does that and more and, in my judgment, should be con­ :Mr. Speaker, by no stretch of the imagination can this bill be sidered and passed by the Congress. The bill benefits alike classed under the heading of farm-relief legislation, but I am the dependents of officer and enlisted man-it makes no distinc­ nevertheless convinced that every grower of alfalfa and red tion as to rank. clover in the United States will enthusiastically acclaim this H. R. 10240, formerly H. R. 4474, is a bill coming from legislation when its provi ·ions are fully understood. It will the 'Vorld War Veterans' Committee, supported by the Amer­ add literally millions to our national income in increased pro­ ican Legion, the Disabled American Veterans, the Veterans of duction. More than this, however, it will insure the mainte­ Foreign Wars, and others. It · is in keeping with the policy nance of crop rotations which has become so well fixed in agri­ of the Congress heretofore adopted in veterans' legislation : cultural practice, and will insure the maintenance of soil fer­ it corrects many structural defects in the law now govern­ tility which after all is the basis of a continuing and prosperous ing the Veterans' Bureau; it liberalizes the present compensa­ agriculture. tion provision in several much-needed particulars and grants The SPEAKER. The question is on the third reading of the additional benefits to those suffering from tuberculosis and other di5eases, authorizes the Director of the Veterans' Bureau S~na te bill. The bill was ordered to be read the third time, was read the to complete the education of those now receiving vocational third time. and passed. training, and safeguards the future of those men and grants On motion of Mr. MAPES, a motion to reconsider the vote by a three years' extension for the conversion of term insurance. which the bill was passed was laid on the table. This bill, beneficial alike to all service men, should be fully A similar House bill was laid on the table. and favorably considered and passed by the Congress before adjournment. In particular those provisions relating to voca­ THE LEGISLATIVE .APPROPRIATION BILL tional training and war-risk insurance must be passed prior to Mr. DICKINSON of Iowa. :Mr. Speaker, I move that the June 30 of this year to be of any benefit. Irreparable injury House resol\e itself into the Committee of the Whole House on will follow if they are not passed by that time. the state of the Union for the further consideration of the H. R. 4548 is known as the disabled emergency officers' bill. legislative appropriation bill. A bill providing for the retirement of disabled emergency offi­ And pending that I ask unanimous consent that further cers has been pending in the Congress for the several sessions general debate on the bill may be limited to three hours, one since the war. It has had the indorsement of several veterans' half to be controlled by the gentleman from Colorado [Mr. organizations, and I have no doubt but that many Members, TAYLOR] and the other half by myself. relying on those indorsements, have, without other considera­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa moves that the tion of the measure, agreed to support it. IIo~e resolve itself into the Committee of the Whole House Personally I had taken that position, and it was not until on the state of the Union for the further consideration of the after I had made a thorough investigation of the bill and the legislative appropriation bill, and pending that asks unanimous results that would come from its passage that I reached the con..: ent that further general debate be limited to three hours, conclusion that it was wrong in principle and that its passoge one-half to be controlled by himself and .one-half to be con­ should be opposed in this House by the service men of the trolled by the gentleman from Colorado [Mr. TAYLOR]. Is House. Four members of the Committee on World War Vet­ there objection? erans' Legislation-them elves veterans-have filed a minority :Mr. BLANTON. Reserving the right to object, may I ask report from that committee opposing its passage. I commend whether Calendar Wednesday will be dispensed with? the study of that report to the membership of this House. :Mr. TIJ,SON. I have not intended to ask to dispense with The proponents of this bill state that its sole purpose is to Calendar Wednesday and shall not do it without the consent of give the emergency Army officer of the World War, who was the Committee on Agriculture. disabled in line of duty, the same retir·ement privileges and pay Mr. BLANTON. Then this bill will go over until Thursday? as that now accorded the officer of the Regular Army. As I Mr. TILSON. Until Thursday morning. will show later., it is not that broad in its terms, but that is Its Mr. BA..l\TKHEAD. I understand the program, notwithstand­ general purpose. The United States, during the lifetime of many now living, ing the ~tatement made by the gentleman from Connecticut, with reference to this bill going over until Thursday, that it is has engaged in three major wars-the Civil War, the Spanish the intention to bring up a rule on the aviation bill on American, and the World War. The soldiers of America in 'l'hursday? those three wars were largely citizen soldiers, coming from l\1r. TILSON. As soon as this bill is finished. peace-time vocations; they gave their services to their coun­ .Mr. BANKHEAD. This bill will have the right of way after try, serving where ordered, performing full well their duty, and with the return of ·peace assumed again the duties of the Wednesda~ until concluded? Mr. TILSON. Yes; and the aviation rule will come up as citizen. soon as this bill is concluded, which I hope will be speedily. It becomes then important at the outset in determining the Mr. TAYLOR.of Colorado. 1\fr. Speaker, I fully agree with principles of legislation for the soldiers of the World War to the gentleman that three hours' additional general del:1ate will consider what has been done by the Government for the vet­ be f:Ufiicient. We have only had 23% hours' general debate, and erans of the Civil War and the war with Spain. I think three hours more ought to be sufficient. [Laughter.] The Adjutant General advises me that- ~'he motion of Mr. DICKINSON of Iowa was then agreed to. many bills have been introduced 1n both Houses of Congress at di.f. Accorningly the House resolved itself into the Committee of ferent times authorizing the appointment on the retired llst of the the Whole House on the state of the Union, with Mr. RAWLEY Army of these officers who served 1n the volunteer army in the Civil in the chair. Wnr, but none of them has ever been enacted into law. 1.'he CHAIRMAN. The House is in Committee of the Whole Likewise, he advises me that no legislation of this character on the legislative appropriation bill, of which the Clerk will bas ever been passed for the benefit of the emergency officers read the title. who fought during the war with Spain. The Clerk read the title as follows: On the other hand, Congress has repeatedly passed legisla­ A bill (H. R. 10425) making appropriations for the legislative branch tion, with the approval of the veterans themselves, granting a of the Governm€'nt for the fiscal year ending June 80, 1927, and for pensionable status to veterans of those wars, and throughout it ~ther purposes. ~11 there bas not been any distip.ction made as to rank, but in 1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE· 6985 the benefits secured from that legislation all have shared ·alike. of his service, certainly in the v8.St majority of cases, not only without The commissioned officer and the enlisted man, noncommis­ a profession, but without a competency. sioned and private, their widows and their orphans, have all Congress has thus far restricted the privilege of retirement to mem­ received the same treatment from their Government. bers of the permanent Military Establishment; that is, to those only The remaining veterans of the Civil War (now well past four­ who have consecrated their lives to the military service. This is true score years), walking in the dusk of the day of their lifetime, not alone of the officers but of the enlisted man, who may retire only are asking this Congress to grant a bit more of life's goods by when be has served a sufficient time to indicate that he has adopted way of pension to themselves, their widows, and their orphans. the military service as a life career. To those who have thus pledged It ought to be granted. I voted for the Civil War pension bill their services for Ufe to the Nation, In peace or in war, Congress, as two years ago. I hope that I may be privileged to vote again .a matter of keeping faith with them, has provided by law that they thi session for pension increases to the grand old men of the shall be secure in their calling throughout their lives, and when they. Grand Army, their widows and orphans. But mark you this, have performed what is deemed a life service, shall be relieved of some tile proposed legislation makes no distinction between the vari­ of the active duties of service and be permitted a living pay for the ous veterans of the Civil ·war. Let me repeat, they all share remainder of their llves. alike and have all shared alike in legislation heretofore passed. The Regular Army officer retired for disability during the This Congress yesterday passed legi lation granting increased World War was retired at the permanent rank he had in the and -more liberal pensions to the veterans of the war with Regular Army and not at the rank to which he had been Spain, their widows, and their orphans. It is estimated that it temporarily promoted. This statement is made on the author­ will increase the pensions paid to these veterans $11 a month. ity of The Adjutant General and is quoted to clear up a doubt These men proudly and rightly boast that they were an army that some have had on that question. of volunteers. Remember al o this, that they were the first sol­ The provisional officer of the World War accepted a lesser diers of America fighting beneath Old Glory on foreign shores rank than the emergency officer in order that he might qualify for the aid of a downtrodden and foreign people. With the uc­ for a later regular status, and is rightly entitled to the same cessful ending of the war with Spain, America became a world treatment accorded the regular officer. · power, followed by unprecedented influence and material pros­ There remains then 296 emergency officers of the Navy and perity. These men deserve well of America. The unanimous Marine Corps who have been given the retired status of the llou e action yesterday te tifies to the justice of that bill. I regular officer. They were given that status "piece meal" am glad that I was privileged to work for and vote for its pas­ by the Congress, as I understand it, without particular atten­ sage. But, mark you this, every one of these men and their tion being given to the proposal on its merits. But, because organizations are asking that Congress treat them all exactly that has been done, we are asked to pass legislation reaching alike, without distinction as to ranlc out and including another and by far the largest group of all. Congress since the World War has passed considerable leg­ I have several times been told by proponents of this legisla­ islation for the benefit of the veterans of the World War. "'e tion who are Members of this body that they do not favor it have granted compensation to those men whose disabilities on principle and that the only reason for favoring it is that were traceable to their service. We have conclusively pre­ they want to treat all the officers alike. There is but one sumed service connection in cases of disease such as tuber­ answer to ·that, and that is if the first act was wrong the cre­ culosis and many other cases and awarded compensation. ation of another wrong will not make both acts right. Congress has granted compen atlon to the widow and the I have been asked, "Will you vote to take the retired status orphan of the service men who gave their lives to the Nation. from those men who now have it?" I have answered "No," The doors of the hospitals of the Veterans' Bureau have been because they have adjusted themselves to the new rate of opened to the service men, and treatment and care is pro-: pay and to deprive them of it now will create a hardship upon vided at the expense of the Government. All of this freely them that their fellow officers never having been given that and gratefully given-but mark you again, all of it has been status do not suffer. without discrimination one from the other as to rank. This bill was reported to the Sixty-eighth Congress, Report Two years ago Congress passed, over the veto of the Presi­ No. 665. In that report this statement is made-- dent, the adjusted compensation bill. It was supported by pub­ lic opinion, urged by veterans' organizations, and passed as an the annual increase cost to the Government • • • is $618,036; act of justice. But its benefits applied alike to enlisted man That there were 1,018 then-May 6, 1924-receiving com­ and commissioned officer up to and including the rank of cap­ pensation and that- tain. Beyond that no benefits were conferred. Why, then, should we change now the fixed policy of the Government that this cost will be diminished rapidly, because of the high mortality rate. has been uniformly followed in the treatment of the citizen­ And that- soldiers of the Civil, Spanish-American, and World Wars? Those who support this measure say that there were nine there was some testimony that, in addition to the 1,018, possibly some classes of officers who served during the World War, regular, 500 or 600 others might be at some time eligible to benefit in some provisional, and emergency, in the .Army, Navy, and Marine measure by the act. Corps. And that the emergency officer of the .Army is the This statement was repeated February 23, 1925, in Report No·• • only one that has not been given the right of retirement. 1563 New York City and other parts of the country were com­ fing on the seven seas of the globe, and instead of cutting their pelled to endure during the past winter shall not occur next appropriations I am for giving them the amount necessary to winter or ever again. carry on. We stand aghast at appropriations that are made The people are anxiously waiting for our answer. Let us for the enforcement of prohibition. We have no hesitancy in heed their appeal or we shall hear from them in unmistakable so far as the appropriation for this purpose is concerned. terms. [Applause.] Here are the figures : Mr. COLLINS. 1\ir. Chairman, I yield 10 minutes to the Department of Justice for enforcement of proh!bltlon _____ $8, 000, 000 gentleman from Georgia [Mr. LANKFORD]. Trf'a ~u ry Depart ment appropriation used in enforcing pro- _ Mr. LANKFORD. l\1r. Chairman and gentlemen of the com­ bibitlon ------10, 635, 68o mittee, under the leave to extend my remarks, I wish to in­ This is the cost of enforcement for a single year. It does not corporate in the RECORD an editorial from a New York paper include the co t of enlarging and strengthening the Coast Guard relative to the bill which I introduced to provide for a Sunday and it does not include any part of the overhead costs of Fed­ observance law for the District of Columbia, and also some eral judges, and United States district attorneys who now remarks of my own concerning this particular editorial. I spend a large portion of their time endeavoring to enforce pro­ also wish to dt~cuss an item which appeared in the Washington hibition. A total of $18,635,635 is not to be o-verlooked, because News some time ago concerning the fact that I was seen in after all it i · an item larger than the aggregate appropriations my office on Sunday after I had introduced a bill to provide for for the Shipping Board, the Federal Trade Commission, the Sunday observance here in the District of Columbia. I make Civil Service Commission, and the Employees' Compensation mention of this fact for the purpose of showing that this par­ Commission put together. Why should we continue appropri­ ticular newspaper, as well as some of the other newspapers in ating these large sums for the enforcement of a law which is the District and throughout the country, are criticizing a bill practically acknowledged by those who are charged with en­ which I introduced without knowing whqt the bill contains forcing it that it is impossible of enforcement. Let us repeal and without giving the public the benefit of the ·real provisions this obnoxious and iniquitous Volstead law and use the moneys of the bill. appropriated for it to the upbuilding of our merchant marine In other words, they seem to think that they have a great and in the developing of our naval air service, and other joke on me because I came to my oftice on Sunday, opened my activities of our Government. mail, and wrote some letters on the typewriter to my wife and I voted against the Volstead Act, and am ready to vote for to others of my friends. They think that I have occupied an its repeal or its modification. I also voted against the ratlfl­ inconsistent attitude and that what I did was inconsistent with cation of the eighteenth amendment when a member of the the provisions of the bill which I had introduced. New York State Senate, and would gladly vote to repeal the Let me say here, gentlemen of the committee, that the bill amendment. In my judgment prohibition will not be accepted which I introduced (H. R. 10811) contains no provision which by the people until the question is settled by tha people and would prevent anyone from doing personal work such as com­ settled right. I am honestly and s4tcerely opposed to prohibition ing to his office. I did not work all day in my office by any /

1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6989 means, and the gentleman who says he saw me work for seven " The bill which I introlluced proviues for one day of rest out of solid hours on the typewriter ili(l me too much honor. The every seven. If I provided for no r est day at all, there would rightly people who know me know that I never would have worked be much opposition. It would be cruel and savage in the extreme to ~:,even solid hours at any one thing at any one time. [Applause.] force all to work every day without any rest, and yet I am held up as Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the committee, when I intro­ an advocate of an unreasonable tblng when I attempt to make by law duced this bill H. R. 10311, I expected to be criticized by those one day of rest out of every seven. who want no Sunday laws and who wish to desecrate and com­ "AOI~ " E\'ERYTHING mercialize the Sabbath. I am getting all I expected, for during " Because I am not willing for my people to pay taxes to build the pa t week or two I haYe been "cussed" and discus ed, negro bathing beaches and artificial bathing pools here, and because I abu ·ed and amu .. ed, and have been denounced and my fate pro­ object to my people being forced to help maintain a negro university nounced more than ever before. here in the District of Columbia contrary to law, I am said to be guilty Well it is interesting. We are on the winning side; have of racial intolerance. It all depends on whose definition of intolerance made ~ore progre s than was ever made before with such a we are to use. I do object to the public being forced to educate a bill in the face of such opposition, and, be t of all, we are bound crowd of negroes 1n Washington when many of the white l.Joys anu girls to pass this bill or a .similar one in the near future. of the South and other parts of the country are denied sufficient educa· I do not relish being abused, but the more I am abused the tional advantages. It has even been urgeu here that at public expense surer I am that we are succeeding, especially when the abuse there be established a beauty parlor for the negroes of the Di trict of c mes from the crowd that is now howling. We will soon have Columbia. so that the negro girls could take les ·ons in using rouge and a !Ja ketful of new. paper clippings and editorials on my bill. perfume and so forth. 'Yell, if objecting to this kind of thing is in­ Every mail brings letters from all over the Nation about me and tolerance, then I am very intolerant. the bill. " I believe in letting the negro be the negro anrl the white man be Some prai. e me and my efforts and speeches to the sky, and the white man. I believe in letting the negro have his section of town others threaten de troying all the churches in the country and to live in and the white people have theirs. I certainly believe in the lynching me " to boot" if I do not withdraw my fight for a negro having his own waiting room, his own car or separate seats on Sunday ht w here. street cars and railroads, and his own schools, but I believe in the The newspapers spy on me and criticize me in every way pos­ white people having also their own separate depot and transportation sible and even ridicule . the people I represent in their frenzy and educational facilities. Nothing could be fairer. Oh, but many say over my bumble effort to re'tore here the Sunday of the Bible that there should be no distinction and that all be treated alike. Seg­ and of our fathers. regation treats all alike." It would take too much space for me to put in the RECORD Mr. Chairman and gentlemen of the committee, I appreciate all the letter and news clippings I have received. There i one very much the splendid publicity which the Washington News funny editorial on the subject, "Lank knows where ~e's at," gave me on :Monday, March 15 last, in connection with my \\'hich I will put in latet' when I have time to di cuss it fully. being in my office from shortly before 3 in the afternoon until For the present I shall content my ..:elf with the insertion of 10 at night. I would have gladly furnished the News with a an editorial from a New York papel' which is fair to me. The free cut and sa:ved that splendid little paper the expense inci­ editor repeats correctly part of my former speech, and seems dent to putting such a splendid picture of myself in their paper. amazed at what I favor. Well, I still oppo e the things men­ The picture showed up well at the very top of the title-page, tioned as objectionable and favor the remedies suggested. a;nd then the word " toils " wa printed in larger type ju t Here is this item in full: above my head, about where my beautiful head of hair used THAT u BLGE" GEORGIA:-. to be before' I began parting my hair in the middle. My folks down home have known all the while I worked W. C. LA~KFORD, Congre sman from Douglas, Ga., near Atlanta, hard, but I very much fear I have been done too much honor. where the Ku-Klux originated, is oppo ed to Sunday movies, Sunday I am credited with seven hours' steady work on this occasion. ba eball, and everything except religious services on the Sabl.Jath Day People who know me will know that I never worked· seven 1n the District of Columbia. Before the committee hearing the "blne hours without ceasing at any one thing, at any one time, in my Jaw" pros and cons there he did not fail to tell the residents of Wash­ life. I have a great habit of stopping to eat or take a d1·ink of ington how they ought to spend thei~ Sundays. water occasionally while working. LANKFORD is the author of the "blue Sunday bill" now pending Mr. Chairman, even as a boy, when I plowed" Old Tobey," the in Congress, which provides "that it shall be unlawful in the Dis­ ox, I stopped occasionally to re t my tired limbs. It is just my trict of Columbia to keep open or use any dancing saloon, theater nature to not work too long without an occasional " rest spell." (whether for motion pictures, plays, spoken or silent, opera, vaude­ Then, against this seven-hour endurance compliment is ques­ ville, or entertainment), bowling alley, or any place of public as. em­ tioned very seriously by many of my good friends in the Govern­ bly at which an admission fee is directly or indirectly received, or to ment service who are coming to me and saying I am not en­ engage in commercialized sports or amusements on the Lord's Day, titled to so great an honor, as they remember seeing me during commonly called Sunday." the fom' or five houl' I was out of the office around the dty, And this is what that Georgian bad to say-and more, too-to the while the reporter saw me working without ceasing on the type­ committee, while several hundred Washington business men and writer. There Is something strange about this matter. I am women, representatives of social and civic organizations, gathered to wondering who was in my office, looking exactly like me, work­ oppose his bill: ing on the typewriter while I was out. The reporter says he "I'M GCILTY 01!' I~TOLERANCE saw me and that settles that. My, friends and I all ag1·ee that " It is a new idea that the present-day movies and shows and Sun­ I wa out of the office most of the time, so herein lies the day baseball are religious institutions and that anyone who suggests mystery. that there should be a law to prevent the operation of these on Sunday Then, again, thfs strange mnn whom the reporter saw while is guilty of religious intolerance. I was out would not answer telephone calls or knocks at the "I confess that I am at a loss to know just how I am guilty of door, and when letters were slipped under the door pounced religious intolerance when I propose a bill which would allow people upon them and either de troyed or took them with him. I of all and every denomiJJation to go to church if they wish on Sunday, found no letters when I returned from a two-hour stroll and and only seek such provisions as will protect all in this enjoyment of supper, about 7 o'clock at night, except I found a speech of Con­ religious liberty and freedom. Where is the religious intolerance which gressman FULMER upon my return; but that is not the letters would prevent a crew of men operating a team shovel or an electric which . this strange man snatched from the :fingers of the re­ hammer on a building site or partly constructed building next door to porter as he fed them under the door, for the FuLMER speech a church during services on Sunday? Where is the religious intoler­ did not disappear so soon, and was still under the door upon ance in a law which would not let a negro unload a large quantity o! my return. Then, again, I an wered all phone calls and alarms coal next door to a church, and thus disturb the assembly of people at my door while I was in, and I saw no letters placed under gathered for religious services? Where is the intolerance 1n a bill the door while I was in; so thfs strange man who was in my which makes for the most complete religious liberty and allows all and office while the reporter saw me at work in my absence is the everyone to wor hip God according to the dictate of his or her own man who pulled off all the e stunts. conscience? l\Iy purpose and hope ia only to secure in a fuller sense Now, herein lies still more mystery. It must have been this the enjoyment of religious liberty. Most people do not understand that strange being that mailed that "large package of letters" that religious liberty means the infliction on the public of the profanity of the reporter tells about. I only mailed three, which was all I the pool room, the vulgarity of the modern movie or theater, and the wrote during the day. obscenity of the ordinary dance hall on every Sunday of the year. Another strange thing is that when I went to my office for "The great trouble is that there are some folk!! who believe that a short time, about 3 o'clock, another Congressman was with freedom of religion is freedom from religion. They mistake freedom me, and he and I do not recall seeing any horror-stricken News ~f religion for freedom of cl"lme. men in the corridor of the Office Building ; and, then, the 6990 CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-HOUSE APRIL 6 reporter saw only one person go to my office, and this person I La ~ EFORD was. so busy that his locked door was. not open e~ to loud horrified him. It must hn>e been this strange man rather lmockmg, nor did the telephone respond to contmued ringmg. An than me he saw. envelope slipped halfway under the door, however, speedily disappeared. I am sure it was not I who horrified this good reporter into Inquiry about the .Ho~se Office Buil~ng developed that LAN K FO~D's seeing and hearings things which were not present and did not Sunday appearances m h1s place of busmess arc the rule, not an excep­ happen, and caused him to make such an exaggerated re- tion. port; for he is an honest man. Then, again, why should he LAKKFORD does a great deal ot his secretarial work personally, and be so horrified? My picture--thanks to the News again-shows hence the regular working week sometimes leaves little odds and ends I could not horrify anyone, especially one who was out looking to be cleaned up on the Sabba th. for me and who saw me going to my office, where I go nearly Only work "of necessity and charity" is permitted in LANKFORD's every hour when I am not asleep, day and night every day proposed b11l. The interpretation placed on this clause at bearings at in the week, Sunday not excepted. Especially should this not which L A- NKFORD was the guiding spirlt, was that this would apply horrify the gentleman when tn1s conduct of mine was not in only to hospitals, pollee, firemen, and the like. the least in conflict with any pro>ision of my Sunday observ- I realize, 1\ir. Chairman, that for me to introduce a bill to nnce bill and was in strict performance of my duty. make a course of conduct a crime and yet be continually doing Maybe it was my bill which horrified the reporte.r so much. the thing I appear to want to stop, is to be very inconsio:;tent. It seems to haye horrified all the correspondents .and many I would prevent commercialized sports on Sunday. I do not others so much that few, if any, who oppose my bill have attend Sunday baseball ·or any other commercialized games on really read it. Sunday. · But before proceeding further let me tell you very confi- I do not attend movies or theaters on Sunday and am, there- dentially just what I did on this Sunday in question and let us fore, consistent in this respect. I do not work all day in my see how my confidential statement compares with the reporter's office on Sunday, but my bill would not, if enacted. make it version of the matter. I have never hesitated to go to my unlawful for a man to work in his office all day Sunday. I office on Sunday, open my mail, answering any m·gent letters, would not introduce a bill which would not let a man open sending telegrams if necessary, and doing any little office work his mail and answer an urgent letter if he wished on SundaF. which can be done without inconvenience to me and which I have never hesitated to write a letter or do anything else renders a real service ofttimes to a child or father or mother of a private or personal nature on Sunday if the matter was in distress. urgent and I was able to render a service to some one else l\ly bill would not in the least make this kind of office work by the act. unl::nrrul. On the Sunday in question I first went to my office Ah, 1\Ir. Chairman, if the gentleman had only read my bill about 8 o'clock a. m. and finally left about 11 o'clock at night. he would not be spying on my office in an effort to get in a I v;·as out of it over half of the time during the day. I was position to hold me up to ridicule and contempt, and try to out of the office most of the time between 3 o'clock in the after- make the public believe I am acting and liYing a falsehood. noon and 10 o'clock at night. I did not refuse to answer the The gentleman, without reading my bill and without famil­ telephone or knocks at the door. No letters were put under iarizing himself with the facts, would, if he could, destroy me ·the door while I was in the office, or at least I saw none. politically because I dared sponl:ior a bill for a reasonable Suu- I left the office several times during the afternoon, and day law for the District of Columbia. finally, about 6 o'clock, I walked from the House Office -Build- Mr. Chairman, my little son, Cecil, is sick with asthma in ing to the Raleigh Hotel, up Twelfth to F Street, then strolled El Paso, ~rex., and his mother is with him there. I have only along looking at show windows to Fifteenth Street, around a bedroom here where I sleep, and I spend all the time in my the Willard and Washington Hotel block, then along Penn- office when I would be at home with my folks if they were sylvania Avenue to a restaurant in front of the Post Office here. In fact, my room and my office constitute my home here Department Building, where I ate supper, and then walked to at present. My office is very comfortable and I spend there the St. James Hotel, then caught a car back to niy office. On most of my time not taken up by my duties elsewhere. Where this trip I met several of my friends, who came to me next would the gentleman have me go to rest at the end of a week day and mentioned seeing me at about 6 to 8 p. m., while the of hard toil? Would he have me stay in bed or in my bedroom reporter says I was busy with a typewriter from 3 to 10 in all day Sunday? Would he have me sit on the sidewalk the afternoon. Upon my return to my office I found a speech throughout Sunday, or stand in the sleet and snow, and not by Congressman FULMER on Muscle Shoals under my door. I come in because it was Sunday? What is wrong with coming took the speech, quietly seated myself in a good. soft easy- to my office, where I can be comfortable, as I have always chair put my feet in another chair, and read the good speech done, especially when there is nothing in my bill to the con­ of my colleague, never suspecting that during all.this time the trary? reporter was watching me work on the typewriter. All the I will say to the gentleman that on the Sunday in question, while, until next day, in my heart I was thanking 1\fr. FULMER while in my office, I read a wonderful sermon on "What is the for making that good speech and bringing it to me. Next day Sabbath for?" by Doctor Sizoo, of the New York Avenue Pres­ I found he did not put it under the door and that probably -byterian Church of this city, and I liked it so much until I had the reporter put it there in my absence from the office, ran it inserted in the CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD and had practically away and hours afterwards slipped by and found it gone, and every l\1ember of Congress and thousands of other reading it then' ~rote that it "speedily disappeared." before three days had passed. I am willing to bear a little He must ha>e been the one that speedily disappeared after unjust criticism when I can accomplish so great a service for putting tile envelope under the door. When he ra.n he evidently so misrepresented and worthy a cause. Mr. Chairman, I am got the idea that the envelope also was making a speedy retreat. not apgry with the :::plendid little paper, the Washington News, I\lr. Chairman, it would be rather difficult for any person to for the publicity which it gave to me and my bill. Often the write an article so full of errors as this one and yet so short. rebound of an error is worth as much as the direct thrust of There are so many inaccuracies-but let me mention just one the truth. more. I only used the typewriter for about 30 minutes to write Innocence and right are established more fully by indict­ three letters at about 9.30 p. m., and only mailed the three at ments and acquittals than they would ever appear by lienee. the corner, instead of "a large package of letters." But let us The justice, fairness, and merit of my bill will shine forth read this amazing newspaper article. out of the darkness of misrepresentation and deception, and Here are the headlines : the greater that darkness the greater will appear the glorious Blue-law sire toils Sunday.-Sponsor of seventh day of rest seen light of the truth. worl~ ing seven hours over a typewriter.-Phone unanswered.-Georgia I hope the News will not eend me too large a bill for the lawmaker too busy to answer knock, but letter ts accepted. costly space which was given to me. If asked, I would have gladly mailed the News a statement Here is the ari:icle itself: in writing relative to my Sunday activities, which would have R<.' prcsentative WILLIAM C. LANKFORD, of Georgia, the man whose been much more accurate and probably less expensive than the proposed Sunday blue law would . prevent working on Sunday in the one obtained by spying on me and on my office. District, spent the greater part of yesterday in his own place of business. By the way, that alleged News reporter has most wonderful A News reporter, chancing to be in the Horu;e Office Building, was eyes. horrified to see LANKFORD enter his office shortly before 3 p. m. The AU ingenuity of science concentrated in the X-ray machine clicking of a typewriter shortly became audible, breaking the Sabbath and the fluoroscope can only look through solid matter and sre silence. what is in existence on the other side, but this man easily sees When LANKFORD finally emerged at 10.10 p. m. he went to a corner through 5olid wooden doors and brick walls and sees what does mail box and deposited a large package of letters. not exist on the other side. 1\:luch w~s said in Congre ~ s alJout 1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6991 the publicity of Income-tax returns. For my part I could see require or permit any employee (}r employees engaged in works of no reason for making private the returns of the big rich and necessity and charity, excepting household or hotel service, to work on leaving public all returns of the common folks throughout the the Lord's Day, commonly called Sunday, unless within the next six country. The nonpublicit.y crowd won, but, after all, Mr. succeeding days during a period of 24 consecutive hours such employer Chairman, the big rich will have to hire the man with the shall neither require nor permit such employee or employees to work miraculous eyes to remain silent, otherwise the News can ask tn his or its employ. this man to stroll along the sidewalks near the Treasury Build­ SEC. 4. It shall be a sufficient defense to a prosecution for · work or ing and look through wood, brick, stone, and steel into the labor on the first day of the week· that the defendant uniformly keeps innermost vaults of the Treasury, and no doubt he will be able another day of the week as holy time and does not lab()r on that day, to give any desired return in full and in detail and much more and that the labor complained of was done in such manner as not to besides to make the report interesting. interrupt or disturb other persons in observing the first day of the No longer need the Government send aviators or vessels week. hurrying here and there oYer land and sea to find aviators or SEc. 5. Any person who shall violate any ()f the provisions of this seafaring men lost or destroyed, for this man can walk out on act shall, on conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not less than his front steps and make report of what he finds. $5 nor more than $50 for the first offense, and for each subsequent Ah, 1\lr. Chairman, there was little need for brave men to offense by a fine of not less than $25 nor more than $500 and by im­ have risked their lives in an effort to go to the poles of the pri onment in the jail of the District of Columbia for a period ·of not earth, and poor old Doctor Cook need not have gotten tangled more than six months. up in all that affair, if they had only had this man with hiS SEc. 6. All prosecutions for the violation of this act shall be in wonderful eyes, for with him they could have sailed only a the pollee court of the District of Columbia. mile or two from land, then asked him for a full report of the SEc. 7. This act shall become effective on the sixtieth day after its North Pole, and no doubt it would have been forthcoming. enactment. Oh, I am so sorry he was not on Noah's Ark, for if he had You will notice that the bill provides that the labor forbidden been that poor little dove would never had to fly and flap its on Sunday is hire and employment on public work, not such poor little tired wings looking for a leaf, for Noah could have personal work as does not interrupt or disturb the repo8e or asked this gentleman to simply peep out of the window and tell religious liberty of the community. In other words, the bill him whether or not on the face of the earth and broad expanse would make unlawful theaters and moving-picture shows on of water there was dry land anywhere, and he could have Sunday, would make unlawful baseball on Sunday where that looked and reported. And yet this man with his wonderful baseball is commercialized, but it would not make unlawful eyes has never been able to read my bill ; thousands of others, baseball on Sunday between amateur teams. including the editors and others connected with the big dailies :Mr. McL~UGHLIN of Nebraska. Mr. Chairman, will the have never read it, or equally as wrong ha\"e read it and are gentleman yield? deliberately misleading the public as to its provisions. Mr. LANKFORD. Ye. Bear with me a moment and let me tell you just what the :Mr. McLAUGHLIN of Nebraska. Would the provisions of bill provide.·. the bill, if enacted into law, permit a Congressman to work in The bill which I introduced prov.ides as follows: his office on Sunday? JN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Mr. LANKFORD. It would. The bill only prevents the M a1·ch 1J, 1926. hiring of people to work on Sunday. I am not hired to work Ur. LA~KFORD Introduced the following bill, which was referred to on Sunday. The bill would only prevent people who are hired the Committee on the· District (}f Columbia and ordered to be printed : to work on Sunday from working on Sunday. It would pre­ A bill (H. R. 10311) to secure Sunday as a !lay of rest in the District vent the hiring of people to. work on Sunday and would pre­ of Columbia, an!l for other purposes · vent peop!e who are hired to work on Sunday from working Be it enacted, etc., That it shall be unlawful in the District of Co­ on Sunday. . lumbia for any person, firm, corporation, or a,.ny of their agents, Mr. O'CONNELL of New Yo1·k. Mr. Chairman will the gen- di-rectors, or officers to employ any person to labor or pm·sue any trade tleman yield? ' or secular business on the Lord's Day, commonly called Sunday, works Mr. LANKFORD. Not now. Whether that is a good bill or of necessity and charity always excepted. It shall furthermore be a bad bill in that respect I am not discussing now. The bill unlawful in the District of Columbia for any person under employ­ only makes unlawful the hiring of people to work on Sunday ment or working for hire to engage in labor under such contract of and the working of people on Sunday who are hired to work employment or hire on the :Lord's Day, commonly called Sunday, except on Sunday. It prevents the hiring of large bodies of men to in works of necessity and charity. tear down buildings on Sundays or to work in the construction In works of necessity and charity is included whatever is ·needful of buildings on Sunday. It leaves a man free to do any per­ during the day for the good order, health, or comfort of the com­ sonal work, as, for example, that of a Congressman. munity, provided the right to weekly rest and worship is not thereby If a merchant wanted to go into his store on Sunday and do denied. The labor herein forbidllen on Sunday is hired, employed, or some personal work, the bill would not prevent it. It i, not public work, not such personal work as does not interrupt or disturb meant for the especial benefit of Congressmen any more than the repose and religious liberty of the community. The following labor it is for any other individual. And so if a man a doctor or and business shall be legal on Sunday : physician, or lawyer, or any other person under the provisions (a) In drug stores, for the sale of medicines, surgical articles, and of my bill wants to work on Sunday, so long as he does not dis­ supplies for the sick, foods, beverages, an!l cigars, but not for articles turb the neighborhood, does not violate the provisions of the of merchandise forbidden on Sunday for other stores and merchants. bill, he can do so. The bill is specifically drawn, so far as (b) In hotels, restaurants, and cafes, and in the preparation and sale labor is concerned, so as to prevent the hiring of people to work ef meals. on Sunday and to prevent those who are hired to work on (c) For the sale of motor oil, gasoline, and accessories necessary to SULJ.day from working on Sunday. keep in operation c!il's in actual use on such Sunday, together with Mr. McLAUGHLIN of Nebraska. Mr. Chairman, will the labor Incident to such repairs. gentleman yield again? (d) In· connection with public lighting, water, and beating plants. :Mr. LANKFORD. Yes. (e) For the operation of boats, railroad trains, street cars, busses, Mr. McLAUGHLIN of Nebraska. If a man has a chauffeur sight=Beelng "cars, taxicabs, elevators, and privately owned means of hired, then the chauffeur could not work on Sunday? conveyance. 1\fr. LA~"87 Against prohibition______915, 969 :Memuers of Congress when the eighteenth amendment was en­ For wine and beer ______1,040,937 acted and prove to the House and to the country that if the Against wine and beer------180, 554 12 Republican Members of the New York State delegation had Chicago Tribune, New York Daily News, ana cooperating neu;spapers yoted with the Democratic l\lembers of that delega:tion from For ~ne and beer______340, 401 New York, with a single exception, instead of the eighteenth Against wine and beer______35,820 amendment being enacted into law and on the statute books G-rand total, ustng la.st two figures of Hearst polJ as the most representa- of the Nation by a majority of nine, we never would have had tit·e on a stt·aight u change or no change n d4vision For existing laws______545. 648 prohibition, as it would haye been defeated by four votes at For modification or repeaL ______2, 792, 126 thut time. This is the record. And now we see the Republicans of the A tabulation of the 1,740,002 votes in the Newspaper Enterprise State Legislature of New York falling over each other because Association poll, appearing 1n a dispatch in the New York World. of the polls that have recently taken place all over the country shows votes from every State in the Union except Maryland, the and realizing that something definite must be done to go along largest vote being 'J20lled in New York. The outstanding features of with this tidal wave. So they now want a referendum in order the straw vote results are thus stated in a Newspaper Enterprise Asso­ to giye the people of the State of New York, the State that pays ciation dispatch to the Washington News: 20 per cent, practically, of all the bills contractoo by the " 1. Almost 50 per cent of the voters favored modification. Those country-to give that State a chance to express their will, if for outright repeal numbered slightly over 31 per cent; those for keep­ you please, as to how they stand on this question of prohibition ing the law as It now stands, 19 per cent. Wet strength thus amounted enforcement. to 81 per cent of the total. Mr. O'CONNOR of New York. Will the gentleman yield? " 2. While large cities voted wet, the contention that smaller cities Mr. O'CONNELL of Ne.w York. I will yield to my colleague. and towns favor the present law was not borne out. The dryR led In 1\Ir. O'CONNOR of New York. Is it not a fact .that up to 80 cities, the largest being Winston-Salem, N. C., with a population of this good hour, possibly expressed by this flop or somersault 6!>,000. They gained pluralities in 30 more. But in 79 cities of less of the Republican Party in New York, that party was entirely than 15,000 population the prohibition vote was exceeded either by the under the domination and control of the Anti-Sa.loon League? modification vote or the vote for straight repeal. Mr. O'CONNELL of New York. I thank my colleague. He Surely no person will contend that the Literary Digest in states the exact fact. · this table has attempted to do other than to present the facts I am sure that I am enunciating a certain truth when I as they are taken from its own and other reliable newspaper make the statement that not since the historic days of the polls. Like Cresar's wife, such a paper, occupying as it does Volstead legislative debate, in which I was a participant, has the leading place in its chosen field, should be and is above so much time of the House been.devoted to the question of the suspicion in thts and every other matter which appears in its success or failure of the operation of the prohibition law. columns from week to week. It is my pleasure to number among my friends in this body LAW ENFORCEMENT many who are sincerely and intensively on both sides of this The testimony reflected in the foregoing table, while pro­ question. Of course, my sentiment for personal reasons are foundly impressive and startling to many, must of necessity, with those of my colleagues who believe with me that in the because of its accuracy, carry conviction and focus attention enactment of this legislation the Congress made a grave mis­ up this subject. In addition to this phase of the case, we have take, as proved thus far by the fallure of this law. By a fair the record of present-day crime in the form of burglary, ban­ and impartial consideration of all the facts concerning this ditry, highway robbery, theft, and murder in every conceiv­ very difficult problem we will eventually be in position to able form in all parts of the country. Our newspapers are evolve a plan that will extricate us from our present condition, filled daily with accounts of these depredations, not in the and light the path and show the road that will lead to temper­ dead of night but in broad daylight and in the business and ance and sobriety, which all decent people so ardently desire. crowded sections of our largest cities. Now, my friends, what are the facts; and, as I said before, it The time of our police forces is divided 25 per cent in ap­ is only on this basis can we reach any definite conclusions on prehending burglars, highwaymen, and so forth, and 75 per this perplexing problem. Is this law a success? Has it made cent in the futile attempt of hunting rum runners and boot­ for the elimination of drunkenness, of graft, of law defiance? leggers in all sections of the land and sea. In this effort to After a six years' thorough trial, at enormous loss of reYenue locate and bring to justice the violators of the prohibition law and tremendous enforcement cost and ever increasing expense the agents of the enforcement bureau have not hesitated to to the Government, has it obtained and does it hold the ap­ encroach upon the private precincts of the home when, in the proval and indorsement of the people of the land? opinion of such agents, there is even the unsupported evi­ TEE DIGEST Al\0 RECENT NATIONAL POLLS dence that liquor may be found in such a dwelling. In that great American weekly, the Literary Digest, issue of In the belief that in many cases it should employ men of April 3, 192G, we get the following figures : shady reputatio~ to ferret out and detect criminals who are •

1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6993 violating the Volstead Act, the enforcement department of the Virginia, Weaver, Webb, Welling, Whaley, Wheeler, White of Main~, Government are alleged to have employed-perhaps uninten­ White of Ohio, Williams, Wilson of Illinois, Wilson of Louisiana, Wingo, tionally, to be sure-men whose previous reputations in society Wise, Wood of Indiana, Woods of Iowa, Woodyard, Young of North would not bear the closest scrutiny, and who by authority are Dakota, Young of Texas, and Zihlman. permitted to invade and search the homes of the decent people Nays 128: Bacharach, Blackmon, Britten, Bruckner, Buchanan, of the land. Some one has made the statement that the skele­ Caldwell, Campbell of Pennsylvania, Cantrill, Carew, Cary, Chandler ton key of the midnight marauder has been replaced by the of New York, Church, Clark of Pennsylvania, Classon, Coady, Crago, badge of many a crooked enforcement agent. Crosser, Dale of New York, Dav.idson, Davis, Dent, Dewalt, Dies, THE VOTE ON THE EIGHTEE!\TH AMENDMENT Dominick, Dooling, Doremus, Drukker, Dupre, Dyer, Eagan, Edmonds, As I said before, during the past few weeks the press of Estopinal, Fairchild, B. L., Fitzgerald, Flynn, Francis, Freeman, my State has been devoting considerable space to the present Gallagher, Gard, Garland, Garner, Gillett, Glynn, Gordon, Graham of attitude of the Republican members of the New York Legis­ Pennsylvania, Gray o! Alabama, Gray of New Jersey, Greene of Massa­ lature toward the question of prohibition. Only the other day chusetts, Greene of Vermont, Griffin, Hamill, Hardy, Haskell, Heaton, our papers indicated a desire on the part of these leaders to Heflin, Huddleston, Hulbert, Hull of Iowa, lgoe, Juul, Kahn, Kennedy pass a resolution in the assembly to submit this very mooted of Rhode Island, Key of Ohio, Lazaro, Lea of California, Lehlbach, Lesher, Linthicum, L<>ndon, Lonergan, Longworth, Lufkin, Mc.lndrews, question to a popular referendum by which all the people in the State would be enabled to expre s their preference for or McArthur, McLaughlin of Pennsylvania, McLemore, Madden, Magee, against this law. It seems to me that this action on the part of Maher, Mansfield, Martin, Meeker, Merritt, Moore of Pennsylvanhl, the members of the party of opposite political faith to that to Morin, Mudd, Nichols of .Michigan, Nolan, Oliver of New York, which I acknowledge allegiance is having a belated, however O'Shaunessy, Overmyer, Parker of New Jersey, Phelan, Porter, Pou, remarkable, change of front on this much agitated question. Ramsey, Riordan, Roberts, Rodenberg, Rouse, Sabath, Sanford, Scott This discussion has prompted me to look up a little past his­ of Pennsylvania, Sherley, Sherwood, Siegel, Slayden, Small, Smith, tory in an effort to ascertain the relative positions of the C. B., Smith, T. F., Snyder, Stafford, Steele, Sullivan, Swift, Talbott, members of the New York delegation when the eighteenth Templeton, Tilson, Van Dyke, Vare, Voigt, Waldow, Walsh, Ward, amendment was voted upon in the House. Watson of Pennsylvania, Welty, Wilson of Texas, and Winslow. A simple calculation of the figures will show that on a Not voting 23 : Bathrick, Blanton, Capstick, Chandler of Oklahoma, two-thirds vote the amendment was adopted with 8 votes more Curry of California, Eagle, Fairchild, G. W., Gallivan, Goodwin of than the necessary number to insure its submi sion to the sev­ Arkansas, Hayes, Heintz, Husted, LaGuardia, Mann, Mason, Miller of eral States for ratification. Washington, Neely, Rogers, Scully, Stephens of Nebraska, Tague, Now the question arises, as I stated before, How did the New Taylor of Colorado, and Tinkham. York delegation vote on this question? Perhaps, Mr. Chairman So (two-thirds having voted in the affirmative) the resolution was and gentlemen of the House, I may be going back to ancient agreed to. history in bringing back the water that has already gone The Clerk announced the following pairs: over the dam, but in my humble judgment the information has Mr. Goodwin of Arkansas and Mr. Mmer of Washington (!or) with a value, and may enable us to present the facts and set the Mr. Tague (again t). record straight.. Mr. Neely and Mr. Stephens of ·Nebraska (for) with Mr. Gallivan The following is the complete roll call, showing the vote of (against). the House membership on the passage of the eighteenth Mr. Taylor of Colorado and Mr. George W. Fairchild (for) with amendment resolution : Mr. Curry of California (against). The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. The question was taken ; and there were--ayes 282, nays 128, not voting 23, as follows : From this roll call it has not been difficult to extract the Yeas 282: Adamson, .Alexander, Almon, .Anderson, Anthony, Ash­ name of the New York delegation and show the way each brool<, As-well, Austin, Ayres, Baer, Bankhead, Barkley Barnhart, Member cast his vote upon that historic occasion: For the amendment: Beakes, Bell, Beshlin, Black, Bland, Booher, Borland, Bowers, Brand, Republicans, Platt, Snell, Parker, Mott, Gould, Dunn, Sanders, Brodbeck, Browne, Browning, Brumbaugh, Burnett, Burroughs, Butler, Dempsey, Hamilton, Pratt, llicks, Rowe______12 Byrnes of South Carolina, Byrns of Tennessee, Campbell of Kansal!l, Democrats, Lunn------1 Candler of Mississippi, Cannon, Caraway, Carlin, Carter of Massachusetts, 13 Carter of Oklahoma, Clark of Florida, Claypool, Collier, Connally oi Texas, Connelly of Kansas, Cooper of Ohio, Cooper of West Virginia, Cooper of ReBublicans, .abs~nt, LaGuardia (in the war overseas), Husted,= Wisconsin, Copley, Costello, Cox, Cramton, Crisp, Currie of Michigan, eorge Fa.uchild ------3 Dale of Vermont, Dallinger, Darrow, Decker, Dempsey, DenJson, Denton, Against the amendment: Dickinson, Dill, Dillon, Dixon, Doolittle, Doughton, Dowell, Drane, Republicans.~. Waldow, Ward, Sanford, Magee, Snyder, Swift, Haskell, :siegel, Ben Fairchild~ Chandler______10 Dunn, Elliott, Ellsworth, Elston, Emerson, Esch, Evans, Fairfield, Democrats, C. B. Smith, Caldwetl, Flynn, Dale, ~faber, Fitz­ Farr, Ferris, Fess, Fields, Fisher, Flood, Focht, Fordney, Foss, Foster, gerald, Gritlin, Riordan, Sullivan, T. F. Smith, Dooling, Frear, French, Fuller of Illinois, Fuller of Massachusetts, Gandy, Carew, Francis, Hulbert, Bruckner, Oliver------16 Garrett of Tennessee, Garrett of Texas, Glass, Godwin of North 26 Carolina, Good, Goodall, Gould, Graham of Illinois, Green of Iowa, Socialjst, London ______.:.______1 Gregg, Griest, Hadley, Bam1Iton of .Michigan, Hamilton of New York, 27 Hamlin, Harrison of Mississippi, Hll1'rison of Virginia, Hastings, Haugen, Hawley, Hayden, Helm, Belvering, Hensley, Hersey, Hi·cks, The amendment, therefore, passed the House by a majority of Hilliard, Holland, Hollingsworth, Hood, Houston, Howard, Hull of 9 votes. If all of the Members on the Republican side of the Tennessee, Humphreys, Hutchinson, Ireland, Jacoway, James, Johnson New York delegation had followed the leadership of their of Kentucky, Johnson of South Dakota, Johnson of Washington, Democratic colleagues from the same State with a single excep­ Jones of Texas, Jones of Virginia, Kearns, Keating, Kehoe, Kelley of tion, this law which has caused such widespread dissatisfaction Michigan, Kelly of Pennsylvania, Kennedy of Iowa, Kettne:r, Kiess of would have been defeated by 4 votes.. We should be able to Pennsylvania, Kincheloe, K1ng, Kinkaid, Kitchin, Knutson, Krans, determine once and for all from these figures what might have Kl'eider, La Follette, Langley, Larsen, Lee of Georgia, Lenroot, Lever, happened if our Republican brethren from the State of New Little, Littlepage, Lobeck, Lundeen, Lunn, McClintic, McCormick, York had seen the light in 1917. McCulloch, McFadden, McKenzie, McKeown, McKinley, McLaughlin of COST OF A USELESS EXPERIME~T Michigan, Mapes, Mays, Miller of Minnesota, Mondell, Montague, Moon, Representatives in Congress who in the past have had the Moores of Indiana, Morgan, Mott, Nelson, Nicholls of South Carolina, temerity to express their views were immediately denounced by Norton, Oldfield, Oliver of Alabama, Olney, Osborne, Overstreet, Pad­ the followers of Wayne B. Wheeler as nullificationists, an­ gett, Paige, Park, Parker of New York, Peters, Platt, Polk, Powers, archists, and destroyers of our Constitution. Recently, how­ Pratt, Price, Purnell, Quin, Ragsdale, Rainey, Raker, Ramseyer, Ran­ ever, the broad, tolerant exponents of all religious beliefs dall, Rankin, Rayburn, Reavis, Reed, Robbins, Robinson, Romjue, Roae, entered the fray and the Nation heard in no uncertain terms Rowe, Rowland, Rubey, Rucker, Russell, Sanders of Indiana, Sanders of of the desire for 'repeal or modification of this law. This cry, Louisiana, Sanders of New Yorlc, Saunders of Virginia, Schall, Scott as I said, went up from the ministers of every denomination of Iowa, Scott of Michigan, Sears, Sells, Shackleford, Shallenberger, and the leading rabbis representing the Jewish faith. Shouse, Sims, Sinnott, Sisson, Slemp, Sloan, Smi.th of Idaho, Smith Even the dignified and courteous statements of the clergy of Michigan, Snell, Snook, Steagall, Stedman, Steenerson, Stephens have met with the violent denunciations from the Anti-Saloon of Mississippi, Sterling of Illinois, Sterling of Pennsylvania, Stevenson, League forces as have been directed at the Members of Con­ Stiness, Strong, Sumners, Sweet, Switie1·, Taylor of Arkansas, Temple, gress who are not in agreement with the dry element. We Thomas, Thompson, Tillman, Timberlake, Towner, Treadway, Venable, can not substitute law for morals. Fanaticism must not sup­ Vestal, Vinson, VolStead, Walker, Walton, Wason, Watkins, Watson of plant temperance. l\Ien may gain.eternal life by adherence to •

6994 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 6 the Ten Commandments as laid down on l\Iount Sinai, but Dr. L. Emmett Holt, of the College of Physicians Cind SU!'geons, New neT'er by Yolsteadism as pronounced by the 'Vheelerites at York: "With mauy nursing women the use of mnlted liquors-ale1 beer Capitol Hill. etc.-increases the quantity of milk and the proportion of fat. Ther; 'l'he tremendous increase in the number of deaths from alco­ is little doubt that alcohol is at times of much benefit." holbru, the steady increase in the number of arrests for drtmk­ Dr. George F. Still, of King's College, London : "Th~ value of alcohol enness, tlle constant demand for increa ed appropriations to in the early stages of sevet·e diarrhea, when thet·e is severe exhaustion enforce the law, the alarming crime wave that sweeps the and collapse, is, I think, quite undeniable. I think an unbiased ob· Nation, to which I have already referred in this speech, the server mu t admit that brandy is sometimes very valuable in a bad case inadequacy of our pre ent jails and penitentiaries, as well as of pneumonia." the appointment of numerous additional judges to try men Dr. Chalmers Watson, of the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh: "There made criminals for committing an Qffense that is not a crime, is no question of the undoubted value of alcohol in the treatment of are indicatiT'e of the impossibility of enforcing an unpopular certain diseases, especially in their critical stages." and un-American law. Dr. Robert Hutchinson, of the London Hospital: "Alcohol certainly Tlte Federal appropriations alone will run to $33,000,000 this spares fats and sometimes carbohydrates and yields beat aud energy year. and when we take into consideration the enormous loss in the body. Of tills fact there is no longer any doubt, and it at of revenue cut off by prohibition, as well as the great Joss to once entitles alcohol to rank as a food. Wine used in moderation our merchant marine, Yolgteadism becomes the Nation's most seems to add to the agreeableness of life, and whate\·er adds to the colos!'al burden and blunder. The United States Coast Guard, agreeableness of life adds to its resources and power." which now ha. an armed naT'al fleet as well as an aviation Dr. William Tibbles, of the Royal Institute of Public Ilealth, London: squadron to enforce the Jaw, will at the beginning of the new "Alcohol is primal'ily an appetizer. Convalescent, debilitated, or aged fiscal year have a per onnel greater than the United States per·sons frequently eat more food when it is accompanied by a glass Navy in the administration of President CleT'eland. of beer, wines, or diluted spirits. The value of such a beverage to Snrely, 1\ir. Chairman and gentlemen of the House, we are those who need it is admitted by most scientific men. Alcohol is a paying a high price for a fallacious and unworkable experi- rapid and trustworthy restorative. In many cases it is truly life ment. preserving, owing to its power to sustain cardiac and nen·ous energy." THE PRESS, THE PUBLIC, AND MEDICAL PROFESSION Dr. Hobart Amory Hare, of the University of Pennsylvania : " Clini­ There is abundant evidence from the press, the public, and, cal experience too great to be ignored stands for the continued m•e of best of all in this instance, from the medical profession, that alcohol. '.fhe chief uses of the drug are as a rapidly acting equalizer under proper supervision, as practiced in the Province of Que­ of the circulation and as a systematic support in low fevers and pro­ bec. there are no harmful or baneful effects from the moderate longed wasting diseases in old age and in convalescence from acute use of alcoholic beverages. In substantiation of this declara­ diseases." tion I quote the following articles, taken from the New York Dr. A. A. Brill, of the University of New York: "Alcohol has an un­ 'Yorld, Detroit Free Press, and the New York Times: disputed place in the human phy iological and psychological economy." The New York World says: Dr. Charles E. de M. Sajous, of Temple University, Pennsylv::mia: To what point bas prohibition brought UEI? " Malt liquors-ale, stout, and beer-contain diastase, which aids the We have, first. a law which not even the most light-hearted observer digestion of starchy foods. They are especially tonic in effect." believes is applied to-day with equal justice to rich and poor alike, or Dr. George F. Butler, of the Chicago College of Medicine and Sur· can be so applied with all the complicated legal machinery and all the gery: "Atonic dyspepsia and weakened digestion are generally benefite('ds had sprouted and were thriv­ ber of diseases in which the temporary use of alcohol is of positive ing bea1thily, wh<'n, like the proverbial fool, prohibition rushed in and service, and there are a number of cases in which it is a positive neces· tmmpled the tender plants under foot. sity in order to prolong life. Whatever controversy still exists over the Also the following article taken from the Rational American, physiological effects of alcohol as a food, it is undeniable that in some of New York, issue of ~ovember, 1925: cases of disease it is clinically indispensable. The value of alcohol in the treatment of fevers is now universally recognized." Sir William Osler, formerly of Oxford University: "In moderation Dr. Robert Hutchinson, of the London Hospital: "'Rough cider'­ wine, beer, and spirits may be taken throughout a long life without impairing the general health. I should be sorry to give up the use that is, the completely fermented apple juice-taken in moderation agrees with most gouty patients. The bottled or ' champagne ' cider: of alcohol in tbe sE>verer fqrms of enteric fever." , Dr. William Edward Fitch, of the Yanderbnt Clinic : " It is the opin­ which is imperfectly fermented, should never be u ed, owing to its ion of careful students of the subjeet that the moderate use of alcohol undoubted liability to set up intestinal fermentation. Alcohol is the best possible hypnotic in many cases of chronic, psycbic insomnia." in health is harmless. It undoubtedly bas a place in disease. There at·e reasons for believing that alcohol actually increases the resisting Dr. Binford Throne, writing in Forschheimer's Therapeusis: "All powers of the body to the poisonous toxins of septic fever." cases of diphtheria bave more or less myocarditis, and ail should be Dr. Charles Gilmore Kerley, of the New York Polyclinic School and given stimulants from the first. The best is good whisky or brandy." Hospital : "Alcohol is occasionally of great service in diseases of chil­ Henry L. Eisner, of Syracuse Univers1ty: " In pneumonia-the ex­ dren. Under certain conditio~s it answers better than any other perienced know that there a:re cases in which it is absolutely in­ means of stimulation." dicated." 1926 .CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6995 Dr. William H. Smith, of llarvard University: " Influenza : When create very little steam in the teakettle on the stove with the lid and extc>nsion into the lung occurs, supporting measures must be pushed. spout open. But solder both of tbem tight and soon the explosion Alcohol in some form should be given freely." will wreck your stock and rock your house. J. P. Crozier Griffith, of the University of Pennsylvania: "In scar­ A BILL OF PARTICULARS let fever with cardiac weakness alcohol in S()me form is one of the mo t rapid and satisfactory stimulants." Let me say in conclusion that prohibition as now administered Dr. Julius Grinkler, of the Northwestern University Medical School: on the statute books has never solved, nor will it solve, the "For the obstinate sleeplessness of chronic cerebral anemia nothing problem of temperance, for the following reasons : equals in efficacy the imbibition of a night draft consisting of either . Because its enforcement lacks the support of a majority of n glass of beer, wine, or even whisky in small quantities." the American people. John Ruhrah, of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore: Because its enforcement is costing the people millions of " In severe cases of smallpox alcohol may be added to the dietary with dollars in increased taxation. great advantage." Because it is increasingly corrupting the morals of the Dr. Herbert Maxon King, of the Loomis Sanitarium for Tubercu­ people, making them lawbreakers. losls: " Small doses of alcohol in the form of wine, beer, or ale with Because it has resulted in widespread corruption and bribery meuls will often stimulate a flagging appetite and enable the patient of Government officials. to consum~:> a normal amount of food. When the carbohydrate content Because it is an infringement upon the liberty and freedom of the diet can not be brought up to the desired quantity, the addi­ of the American people. tion of wine or beer to the diet may be of distinct advantage. As a Because it is teaching young girls and boys to secretly in­ stomachic in cases of hypoacidity, loss of appetite, and consequent dulge in alcoholic stimulants. impairment of digestion, the lighter wines and malt liquors may be Because it forbids pure and harmless beer and wine and prescribed to advantage." substitutes dangerous poisons. Because it is the cause of increasing deaths from drinking Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia Univer­ poisonous bootleg concoctions. sity, New York City, said: Because it is the cause of increasing the pitiful army of The object desired by those who supported prohibition was the sup­ victims of narcotic drugs-dope fiends. pres:;ion of public drinking places and putting an end to the political Because it was enacted to carry out the wishes of a few and activities of those engaged In the manufacture and sale of liquors. in disregard of the majority. These two ends commended themselves to immense numbers of the Because it has made the booze problem rather than economic population who did not stop to think what unforeseen consequences 1 problems the main political issue. might follow. Because it has created a contempt for all law upon the part The saloon has to all Intents a.nd purposes been abolished. So far so of a majority of the people. good. But the llquor traffic flomishes on a scale of almost unexampled Because it is class legislation, depriving the poor of what magnitude, untaxed a.nd with immense profits, although carried on the rich can easily obtain. secretly in violation of the law. Because it is a violation of the Constitution, the funda­ In my judgment the evil effects of the policy adopted by the United mentals of government, and the Bill of Rights. States on moral politics and public order far outweigh the advantages. Because the Volstead Act is un-:America.n, tyrannical, and It has become plain to everyone that nation-wide prohibition can not liberty destroying. [Applause.] be enforced, simply for the reason that it affronts the judgment as well 1\Ir. DICKINSON of Iowa. llr. Chairman, I yield 25 minutes as the moral political principles of vast numbers of the population, to the gentleman from Oklahoma [1\Ir. Mo:8TGOMERY]. [Ap~ including a large proportion of the most Intelligent and ~ost upright. plause.] In addition, nation-wide prohibition has brought in its train a spirit Mr. MONTGOl\IERY. Mr. Chairman and members of the of lawlessness and political hypocrisy and cowardice that is little committee, some few days ago the redoubtable Bon. Clem short of appalling. We are told that by reason of our constitutional Shaver emerged from a long period of hibernation and promul­ law the eighteenth amendment can never be repealed. If so, it is cer­ gated the pronouncement that the Democratic Party was re­ tain to go the way of the fifteenth amendment, enacted after the Civil sponsible for tax reduction. This pronouncement was not re­ War, to give political rights to the negroes. In at least 10 States no ceived by the American public with the same spirit of earnest­ attention is paid to this amendment, and no attempt ha.s been made ness that it was propounded; in fact, Mr. American Voter to enforce 1t for 85 years. received it rather in a spirit of levity. He leaned back in bis In a recent statement of his stand .on prohibition Arch- chair, folded his fingers over his knee, had a good laugh, and bishop Curley, of Baltimore, said: said, " If you know any more good jokes, tell us another one, The qu E>s tion of prohibition lies in the hands of the people. If Clem." Since that time Mr. Clem Shaver, the distinguished the prohibition law is unpopular, the pe<>ple should take steps to chairman of the Democratic National Oommittee, has sub­ repeal it, but so long as tt is a law it should be respected and ob­ merged again into this den of hibernation, and it seems that the served. mantle of leadership has now descended upon the shoulders of our distinguished friend from Arkansas [Mr. OLDFIELD] to • • • • • • secure for the Democratic Party an issue. When the war began we found it necessary for the succ~sful On several occasions I have had time allotted me under this carl'ylng out of the Government's plans to intrust great powers to appropriation bill. However, on each occasion I was unable one m~n. This. centralization of power has_:ontinued since the war. to find the distinguished gentleman from Arkansas on the floor. Th~re IS a growmg ten~ency to take ~ower from the States end place He was making speeches in the North, East, South, and 'Vest, it 1~ the bands of bureaus in Wasbmgton. · and was a very busy man. I do not say this in a spirit of \\ e wex·e told when we entered the war th~t w.e were fig~tlng to j criticism. I have the utmost admiration for my distinguished rid the world. of bad government. I am wondermg if we ourse1ves are colleague from Arkansas; I have the utmost sympathy for him; not approaching close to autocracy. in fact, my heart- bleeds in sympathy for him, because I realize We hear talk about government by the people, of the peopl~, and what an enormous task he has. If he can revive the interest for the pe<>ple, but I do not believe that there is a country m the of the American people in the Democratic Party, or if he can world where the people take less interest in the way thelr Govern- ment is conducted than we 1n America. revive that party itself, then I say, gentlemen, the days of necromancy ha-ve not passed. He most certainly can practice James P. Holland, president of the New York State Federa­ the black art and is a political legerdemain of transcendent tion of Labor: talent. The prohibition amendment _is an unreasonable and unnatural If you will remember, gentlemen, before the gentleman from law. There is no use at all in discussing the question whether Arkansas went into my district, almost on bended knee and in or not it can be enforced. It can not. Obedience to any and all humble supplication, I begged and besought him to go there and laws is not at all such a great virtue as some people try to make talk the tariff as he talks it here on the floor. I told him to believe. In fact, all that is· good ln governmental theory and practice go there and not take a position where he could be all things throughout the world is due to disobedience of unreasonable, unnatu­ to all men. I told him not to take a position where he could ral, and consequently tyrannical laws. The fathers of our own tell the farmer that he meant to reduce-the tariff only on the Republic, who made the original Constitution, knew that sumptuary finished product and tell the manufacturer that he intended to laws are against nature. 'fhat is the reason why they kept the reduce it only on the raw material. I went to a great deal of power to make such laws out of the original Constitution by an over­ trouble to delineate those things be might find there that were whelming vote. affected by the tariff. I told him we produced zinc ; I told · BeJng against the laws of nature, the maintenance of the prohibi­ him we produced lead ; I told him we produced oil; I told him tion amendment and its enforcement act, the Volstead law, is a physi­ we produced cotton; I told him we produced cattle, wheat, and cal impossibility. Force creates force. The more force you use -corn, and that we had there several manufacturing estab­ against another resisting force, the more resisting force you create. You lishments. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 6

I asked him in all fairne~s and in all candor to go to Okla­ Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. I will ask, in justice to the gen­ homa and tell those people just how he would affect their par­ tleman from New York [Mr. O'CoNNOR], does not the gentle­ ticular interests by this boasted downward reduction of the man from Oklahoma know that one of the greatest and most tariff that we hear so much about on the floor of the House. e!oquen~ and logical exponents in opposition to a high protec­ At that time the gentleman from Arkansas made a promise tive tariff who has ever been on this floor was the distinguished and- I made a prophecy, rm their political lievlng in a protecti're tariff and in Republican principles of policies. economy. I want also to say to the gentleman from Georgia [:Mr. Mr. O'CO~~OR of New York. Will the gentleman yield? CRISP], that when he was urging the acceptance of the Italian Mr. MONTGOMERY. I yield. debt settlement, he made one statement that I certainly ap­ 1\!r. O'CONNOR of New York. Does the gentleman have any preciate and certainly thank him for. He said here on the instance of that in reference to Tammany Democrats and their floor of this House: position on protection? l\lr. MONTGOMERY. No. For the information of the gen· If I go back to my district and I am criticized for having advocated tleman from New York I will say I have noticed that the this measure, I am going to tell the cotton farmer In my district Tammany Democrats keep very discreetly silent on the tariff. that I cast my vote directly in his interest when I cast it in favot· Mr. O'CONNOR of New York. Will the gentleman yield of the settlement of the Italian debt, because it wlll afford a market for -the principal product that he produces; Italy is one of the great right there? Mr. MONTGOMERY. I yield. consumers of cotton. l\1r. O'CONNOR of New York. Has not the position of the I, too, come from a land where old King Cotton extends .his Democrats from New York, referred to familiarly as Tammany fleecy flag of surrender to the nimble fingers of the contented Democrats, been consistent in their opposition to a high pro­ farmer, and I want to go back and tell my farmer friends I tective tariff? cast a vote in their favor when I cast my vote as Mr. CnrsP Mr. MONTGOMERY. No, sir. cast his. Mr. O'CONNOR of New York. If the gentleman will search I have heard on the floor of the House a great deal of the records he will find that is true. calamity howling. I have heard a great deal of criticism. I Mr. MO~"TGOMERY. If the gentleman will permit, we will have heard Members who for purely political purposes criticize let the records speak for themselves. nearly every man who is at the head· of a department at this Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. Will the gentleman yield in ths.t time ; and I think they do this purely for political and personal connection? purposes, and I have bad enough of it. My appetite is sur­ Mr. MONTGOMERY. I yield to the gentleman from Texas. feited, has sickened, and is now dead. 1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 6997 I want to say to these critics it is hard to do a constructive sary to rob all the people of the United Stafes, including the thing and it is easy to cr1ticize. ~en there is no responsi­ cattlemen, to the extent of 300 or 400 per cent on most every­ bility on you and you are watching the other man try to thing that they buy. Is not that a good answer? accomplish an end, you can always improve. When you are Mr. MONTGOMERY. That Is about the best answer the under no responsibility you can always sit back in the shade gentleman could make. and tell the other fellow how to do the work. I do not like Mr. BLANTON. I am in favor of a competitive tariff that that policy. I do not like that attitude. I want to tell them protects the far;mer as well as the New England manufacturer, that an empire is not built with that spirit. that distributes a part of the $500,000,000 a year collected " Mr. McKEOWN. Will the gentleman yield for a question'? through the customhouses upon the products of the farms and Mr. MONTGOMERY. I yield to the gentleman. the ranches. That is something the producers are entitled to, Mr. McKEOWN. I am sorry the gentleman was not here and the people in Oklahoma are like the people in Texas, they in the Wilson days, when he could have helped keep down want a show in on that proposition. Does that answer the so much criticism from his side of the House. gentleman? Mr. MONTGOMERY. I thank the gentleman for his con­ Mr. MONTGOMERY. Yes; about as well as the gentleman sideration. However, I am not prepared to make any obs-er­ could. Let me ask the gentleman this plain, unqualified ques­ vation on the situation that existed at that time, as I was not tion. I am a Republican. I stand on the Fordney-McCumber here: I will probably have enough sins to account for when I Act. I belieYe in it. I think it is the only safe kind of politi­ get home witlwut having the sins of the past accredited to me. cal economy. I ask the gentleman this further question : I want to tell the Members of this House that no less an Would he vote to substitute the Underwood schedules in lieu authority, I am informed, than Arthur Brisban~ has ~aid that of the Fordney-McCumber schedule? The Underwood law is if there is a new real-estate boom that boom will be m north­ the Democratic principle of the tariff. eastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas-the play­ Mr. BLANTON. Oh, I deny that. The Underwood bill·gave grounds of Arkansas. I believe him to be correct, as that sec­ practically nothing to the farmers and stockmen of the United tion of the country has the inherent wealth and intrinsic value States. The Underwood bill gave practically all of the $375,­ to produce prosperity for all those who will take advantage ooo,ooo· that it collected to the New England manufacturers. of the opportunity that it presents. And unless some fool It did not give anything to the farmers and the ranchmen of political nostrum or nostrums unearths and uproots the pros­ the country. [Applause.] perity of tho:;e people they will enjoy prosperity in the future 1\fr. MONTGOMERY. Will the gentleman answer my ques­ in a measure they do not now anticipate. tion? During the latter part of this month we ru·e going to have Mr. BLANTON. I will answer a dozen questions. I am here a convention for realtors of the United States in the city of to answer the gentleman. I have nothing else to do right now. Tulsa, and I want in this connection to invite you all to come Mr. MONTGOMERY. For the gentleman's information I down there. I want to show you a different spirit than the will say that the Underwood Act was the act in force during one which prevails sometimes on the floor of the House. I the Democratic administration, and the Fordney-1\fcCumber · want to show you men there who really believe and really Act is the act that has been in force during the Republican know that this Government is the most magnificent ever cre­ administration. Which act does the gentleman prefer r ated and maintained by the combined efforts of men. [Ap­ Mr. BLANTON. I do not prefer either. Neither one is for plause.] Men there who have a deep and abiding faith in the farmer or· for the ranchman, and I came to Congress in its noble destiny. I want you to witness the genius of capital, 1916 on a platform that pledged me to vote for something that the genius of labor, the genius of industry, and the genius of was going to give the farmer, the stockman, and the producer agriculture joined hand in hand in good fellowship, hand. in a look-in on this proposition, and I have been fighting for it hand with their country and their God, who are marchmg here ever since. r . down the broad perspective of the future in even cadence to Mr. l\IO~"'TGOMERY. That is what a protective tariff does. a grander, a finer, and a more magnificent arena of human Mr. BLANTON. But the orthodox Republican protective achievement. [Applause.] tariff gives the farmers a copper penny and the New England I want to show you men who have risen above personal and manufacturers several hundred million dollars. political criticism, men who have that spirit of which empire Mr. 1\IO~"'TGOMERY. I do not believe I will yield any more is builded, men who really do constructive things and do not of my time in order to ask the gentleman any question. spend their efforts and time in waspish criticism. .Mr. BLANTON. I did not think the gentleman would want I want to return to my subject and say a little concerning to ask me any more questions. the farmer and the tariff. Sometime ago on the floor of this The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Okla­ Hou e a very distinguished Member presented a resolution homa has expired. signed by 10,000 or 100,000 or 1,000,000 Iowa farmers in which Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Chairman, may I have some more they resolved with all the emphasis at their command that they time? were being stifled by this octopus, the tariff. Mr. DICKINSON of Iowa. My time is all pledged, I regret Just subsequent to that the Agricultural Committee issued to say. invitations to farmers from various States to come before that Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. The gentleman from Iowa does committee and testify. These farmers did come before that not care to hear any more about the tariff. committee, and we heard from them directly. MI'. TINCHER. Mr. Chairman, I make the point of order On that committee were some of the most talented and some that the gentleman from Texas [1\lr. CoNNALLY] is out of of the best equipped Members on the Democratic side, and they .order, not having been recognized by the Chairman and no cross-examined the e men. Since that time we have not beard time having been yielded to him by either side. He makes a a . ingle word from a single Member saying that the farmer comment that goes into the RECORD and which is entirely inap­ wants the tariff reduced. Is not this a salient fact, a startling propriate and out of order. fact? The CHAIRMAN. The point of order is sustained. Mr. BLANTON. 'Yill the gentleman yield? I am now ready Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. Mr. Chairman, a parliamentary to answer any questions that my friend the distinguished gentle­ inquiry. man from Oklahoma wants to ask me. I understand that he The CIIAIR:UAN.- The gentleman will state it. was hankering to ask me questions. Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. If the gentleman from Texas Mr. TINCHER. The gentleman from Oklahoma paid the interjects something that is out of order, it does not go into gentleman from Texas some high compliments ; he said the gen­ the RECORD, does it? The man in charge of the floor can strike tleman from Texas was a protectionist. [Laughter.] it out. Mr. BLANTON. I am not a Republican protectionist. I had The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman having control of the floor to go to the department, 1\Ir. Chairman, as this unimportant can strike it out, but nobody bad control of the floor at that general debate was going on and was absent a few minutes, and time. as soon as I got back some one told me that the gentleman Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. The RECORD is in control of the from Oklahoma [Mr. MoNTGOMERY] wanted to ask me some speaker having the floor, and not the gentleman from Kansas. questions, and now I am ready to answer. ' Mr. TINCHER. But I still have the right to make a point 1\lr. MONTGOMERY. Well, for the gentleman's gratification of order when a Member is out of,order, and especially when I will ask him a question. Since he has finally found out that my point of order was well taken, as was the case in this there is a protective tariff on the cattle produced in his district instance. would he be willing to take that protection away from the The CHAIRMAN. The Chair ruled that the pol.nt of order ca ttlem en r - was well taken. Mr. BLANTON. I would take the protection off if as a con­ Mr. DICKINSON of Iowa. Would the gentleman from Okla­ dition precedent for keeping it on I found that it was neces- hom~ care to have two !!}inutes more? I can yield that to him. 6998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 6 Mr. :MONTGOMERY. I would like to have five minutes. l\Ir. TINCHER. That is the first time it has been denied. :Mr. DICKINSON of Iowa. I yield the gentleman two min­ I knew you would try to get away from it, but I did not think utes. you would do it so soon. [I..~aughter.] :Mr. MONTGOMERY. In answer to the gentleman from Mr. OLDFIELD. It is not true. Texas, I do not car-e to ask him any more questions, not be­ 1\fr. MADDEN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? cause I fear his answers, out because I realize there are ques­ Mr. TINCHER. Certainly. tions that he evades and refuses to a.nswer. Mr. 1\IADDEN. Nineteen hundred and nineteen was the Mr. BLANTON. I do not evade and do not refuse to an­ year immediately after the war, and the total expenditures of swer. the Government for Government activities alone were $18 500- Mr. MONTGOMERY. In view of the fact that the time is 000,000, and certainly there were some people employed th~n. • n.ll taken, I shall not encroach upon the indulgence of the 1\Ir. OLDFIELD. There were more employed then than Hou e longer. there were in 1923. :Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. l\Ir. Chairman, I yield 10 min­ Mr. BURTKESS. How does the gentleman account for the utes to the gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. OLDFIELD]. increase 1n numbers of about 2,000,000 from the time the l\Ir. OLDFIELD. 1\Ir. Chairman, unfortunately I was not in Underwood bill went into effect tmtil 1923? the Chamber when the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. 1\IONT­ 1\lr. OLDFIELD. There were more employed in 1919 under GOMERY] began his peech. However, I came in while he was the Underwood tariff law than there were in 1923 under the speaking, and I am very glad to be here to hear what he had Fordney-:\lcCumber law. to say. I do not criticize him for being in favor of the rates Now, then, the Republican Party was in power in both in the Fordney-l\IcCumber tariff law. I do not criticize him Ho~ges n:om !he year 1919 on, and you did not attempt to pass for voting for the Italian debt settlement. That is his business. tariff legislation when the Harding administration came into I do · want to a.nswer two or three things, however, tllat have power on l\larch 4, 1921. You did not pass the Fordney­ been said in the last month or two about myself; one thing McCumber tariff law until 1922, or nearly two years after your that was said by the gentleman from Oklahoma [Mr. 1\lo.'T­ party went into power. GOMERY], another by the gentleman from Oklahoma [1\fr. GAR­ 1\Ir. BURTNESS. Does the gentleman mean to say that the BER], and aL o one statement made by the gentleman from New Republican Party could ha""e placed a tariff law on the books York [l\Ir. CROWTHER]. The gentleman from Oklahoma [1\Ir. in 1919? GARBER] a few days agerneBoston to give them work m order that they m1~h~ earn a live~- and ::;peaks his real sentiments with reference to the tariff be­ h.ood. l\Iaybe you can make them forget by g1vmg them fich- cause he knows there is no day of reckoninO' for him for th t10us figures to the effect that there are only 10,000,000 em- present [Applause ] "' e ployed in the industries of America, that all of them were not l\Ir. TINCHER. Will the gentleman yield? at wor.:r1 except 2,000,000 ?f them, and that the other 2,000,000 :Mr. CONNALLY of Texa I · ld to th tl f. were idle. :Maybe they will do that. Kansas s. yie e gen eman rom I say I do not blame the young man from Oklahoma for tak- · · . . ing the floor, because you went into his district and you made 1\Ir. TIN~~R. Does the gentlem!ln serwu~ly mean to mtl- some other charges in that speech. You had another issue be- n;tate I ..ev;r soft pedaled on the subJect of bemg f-or a p~·otec- sides the tariff, and that was the downright waste and extrava- tiVe tanff · gance of Coolidge in supporting the MaJJf!Otcer. If you can get l\Ir. CONNALLY of Texa~. No; I do not thin~ th~ gentle­ far enough away from Washington, judging other States by man ever dodged. the real IS~ue. I think down m h1s heart your own, maybe you can make some people believe that Calvin they haYe had hrm all the tlm.e.. [Laughter and applause.]" Coolidge has bought a new ship named the lllayfto-u;er, and is But I do say that while the conditions were so bad in the West! riding up and down the Potomac instead of attending to his the. gentleman from K!ins!ls was not ahvays as loud and as own business. There will be as much merit in that campaign voci~erous for the tanff mterests as he is now when he is i sue as there is in your charge that the Republican Party is lea vmg the Halls of Congress. [Applause.] responsible for the deflation in farm values since the war. . The gentlema~ from Kansas made some reference "to a meet­ [Applause.] ~ng of the Amencan Legion on Boston Common crying out for I do not know what tariff you are for. You are not for the JObs and wanting employment. Do you know when that was? tariff you helped to make. You have not enough nerve to put It was immediate!~ following the war, in 1919. And why was that in the ba ket to-night, a"' this young man said to you and there such a ;neetmg. on :soston Common of members of the say, "This was our Democratic tariff.'' You were in power for American Legion seeking JObs? The Republicans were in con­ eig-ht years. You had the Congress and the Executive for eight trol of the House. They were in control of the Senate. years. And say, "'This is what I stand for, people of Okla- [L~ughter.] '.rhe gentlem.an from Kansas ·[Mr. &rRONG] immi­ homa, while your man stands for the Fordney-McCumber tatmg and reflecting the VIews of his colleague, wants to laugh; law"; and say to them, "I come down to Oklahoma to tell you he wants to seem ~o see. the. point before it is arrived at, sim­ to retire him from the Congress." ply because he thinks It will please the nostrils of his col- You have not the nerve to face him on those ra,tes. Why? league, ,Mr. TINCHER. · [Laught~r.] Because, as Mr. BLANTON said-once in a while he stumbles Mr. STRONG of Kansas. W1U the gentleman yield? onto something-there was not one particle of protection for Mr. C9NNALLY of Texas. Wait a moment. Wait until I agriculture in your · bill. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. have answered the question and then I will yield. BLANTON] issued a round robin and furnished every Member We still had the presidency in 1919, but the Republicans had of Congress on this, the Democratic side of the aisle, before both House~ of the ~ongress. Why was there unemployment the passage of the emergency tariff law, with a statement, com- and stagnatiOn?. I will tell you why. We were still laboring plete in detail, showing the terrible results to agriculture by under war restrictions. We were still laboring under the Wgh the enforcement of a law like that which you say you stand tax rates which prevailed during the war, and a Republican for but which you really do not. House and a Republican Senate would not repeal the vexa- :Mr. BLANTON. Will the gentleman yield? ~ions war r~gulations and would not repeal the high taxes .M,r. TINCHER. I have not the time. rmposed durmg the war. Mr. BLANTON. The gentleman is not afraid of questions. . Mr. MADDEN. The President did not sign them when we He is one man who is not afraid of them. did repeal them . .Mr. 'IINCHER. Well, go ahead. :Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. It the gentleman-- :Mr. BLANTON. I was wondering what on earth the Repub- 1\Ir. MADDEN. The President would not sign the bill. lican Party is going to do after the gentleman stays in Kansas l\Ir. CONNALLY of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I have not yielded following the next election, because he has announced he is not to ~ the gentleman. I shall yield in a moment, but I first want going to run again. Good God, what are they going to do? to complete this statement. Then I shall yield. [Applause.] They would not undertake the reduction of taxes in 1919. Mr. TINCHER. Young fellows like MoNTGOMERY are coming Why? .Because. they knew that the man in the White House along, and they will be able to take care of things. He can would not ~rmit them to reduce the taxes unless they reduced take care of OLDFIELD now, and there will be others to take them in the mterest of the people, therefore they did not under­ care of others, too. Then, again, I am not going to die. I will take any remedial tax legislation. I now yield to the gen­ stlll be around somewhere. [Laughter.] And I will always tleman. have nerve enough to tell what tariff law I am for. [Applause.] Mr. MADDEN. The gentleman knows that when we did re- I want to congratulate the Democratic Party. You had pearl peal the war laws that the President he refers to, Mr. Wilson, buttons and they we~:e too high. You had log chains and they would not sign the law we passed. were too high, and now my friend from Oklahoma [Mr. Me- l\Ir. CONNALLY of Texas. When was that? KEowN] has added another item and that is straw hats. Mr. MADDEN. That was while he was still President. Whenever we can get the tariff off of straw hats, pearl but- Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. What act was it? tons, and log chains, then the Democratic Party will be happy Mr. MADDEN. The act repealing all the war laws. and everything will be all right. [Applause.] Of course, I do Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. Which one? not know what the issue is going to be. Mr. MADDEN. The one we passed first while Wilson was The CHAIRM:A. ....~. The time of the gentleman from Kansas President. has expired. Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. The gentleman knows it became Mr. TAYLOR of Colorado. Mr. Chairman, I yield 10 min- a law. utes to the gentleman from Texas [Mr. CoNNALLY]. [Ap- l\Ir. MADDEN. Not while Wilson was President. It became pia use.] the law afterwards? · Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. I\Ir. Chairman and gentlemen of Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. When? the committee, the gentleman from Kansas [Mr. TINOHE&] has Mr. MADDEN. We declared peace when Mr. Hardino- be- justly earned here in the House the distinction of being one of came President of the United States. [Applause.] "'

LXVII--441 7000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE ~RIL 6 Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. The gentleman ought to know, if Congre man was en route to Washington after spending a few days he knows anything, that long before the peace re olution was at his home at Medicine Lodge, and Mr. Denton bad come here to ever adopted in the Harding admini tration we pas ed a meet him. blanket repeal of a lot of war measures, and I am sure gen­ "The trouble with this proposition is that the Senate would never tlemen on this side will bear me out in that statement. 'rhe stand for the candidates for both President and Vice rresident com­ RECoRD will bear me out. ing from the House," commented Mr. TIXCHER. Mr. MADDEN. And the Pre ident refu ed to sign it. " Oh, yes, the Senate would ; with two strong men at the helm­ Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. No; it became a law. I know especially when one comes fi·om Ohio and the other Kansas," was the what the gentleman from Illinois is talking about. The gentle­ Arkansas City banker's retort. man from Illinois is tailing about the peace resolution. The And then the men settled down to serious discussion of the possibility President did not permit that to go into effect in 1920. Why? of such a suggestion. Because it was violating all the constitutional precedents with "You may regard my suggestion as a joke," Mr. Denton remarked reference to making peace. The Republicans wrecked the con­ to an Eagle reporter; 'but I am in dead earnest, and so are n stitutional method of making peace with a foreign power and number of influential men in Congress. Of colll'se, I would like to ending a war by treat-y and sought to evade that responsibility see Yr. TINCHER a candidate for President, but will be atisfied it by pas. ing a joint resolution, and, of course, the President of he is the vice presidential nominee." the United States ¥etoed it. Mr. TINCHER declined to designate the particular campaign in which Mr. MADDEN. Will the gentleman yield further? his colleague from Ohio would be the Republican candidate-whether :Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. If I can get some more time. it would be two or six years from next November. Republican leaders Mr. MADDEN. The gentleman knows that the President are said to be divided about whether Mr. Coolidge should be a candi­ himself 1·efused to declare peace and the Congress had to take date to succeed himself. Some would regard his candidacy as seeking it off of his hands and declare peace. a third term, which they argue would mean almost certain defeat. Mr. CON~ALLY of Texas. The gentleman gave his whole It would in all probability suit Speaker LONGWORTH very well to case away when be said that. have the Kansas seventh district Congressman as his running mate. He said that the President would not declare pe-ace and It is r~called that Yr. TINCHER is the only member of the Kansas Congre s took it out of his hands. A Republican Congress, delegation who openly battled for the election of Mr. LONGWORTII as because it did not like the way that the President was dis­ Speaker of the Sixty-ninth Congress. He ls chairman of the Republi­ charging his duty according to the Con titution or believing can House steering committee and assistant floor leader. Hi powers some other branch of the Government had not performed its in the House are regat·ded as second only to those of the Speaker. constitutional duty according to Republicanism took the con­ stitutional power out of the hands where it belonged and Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, usurped functions which it did not posse s. The gentleman you will note from this pre s dispatch this arrangement by sometime unconsciously admits the facts. which the Speaker L'3 to be the candidate for President and the 1'\.Ir. WINGO. Will the gentleman yield? gentleman from Kansas [Mr. TINCHER] is to be candidate for Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. I will. Vice President, and that in the mind of the gentleman from Mr. WINGO. The gentleman from Illinois diverted the dis­ Kansas the only trouble with the proposition is that the Senate cussion from the real question that the Republicans in 1919 would never sta,nd for the candidate for both Pre ident and repealed ·the war tax. I want to remind the gentleman of what Vice President coming from the House. Otherwise the propo­ was published and never denied by the Republican leaders; that sition is sound and all right. [Laughter.] they had a caucus in the room of one of the Republican Sen­ Now, gentlemen, men can be influenced sometimes by things ator , and Mr. Fordney was very much in favor of reducing the that are not regarded as improper or venal. The gentleman taxes, and this astute leader said : from Kansas a while ago, when the gentlema,n from Texas [Mr. BL.ANTON] undertook to interrupt him, absolutely refu ed to No ; let the people sweat ; we will carry the election in 1920 and yield untll.the gentleman from Texas paid him a compliment then we will reduce the taxes. when he said that the gentleman from Kansas can answer any Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. I thank the gentleman for his kind of a question, for be has the ability and the information. contribution. It was common knowledge around Washington, Falling for that pleasing compliment the gentleman from Kan~ except to the gentlemen from Kansas and Illinois, that the sas then yielded, when his granite soul only a moment before Republicans deliberately refused to follow the suggestions had refused to yield. [Laughter.] I will say to the gentleman and refused to heed the messages that Mr. Wilson sent them from Kansas that this alluring thing that we call ambition oft~ repeatedly to repeal the war taxes and put the country back times swerves statesmen from their pathway when they could on pre-war conditions, and they refused to do it. [Applause not be touched with any corruption on earth. And as our dis­ on the Democratic side.] tinguished colleague prepares to go out from these halls and Gentlemen, one other word. The gentleman from Kansas sees along the pathway that he shall tread the temptation of [Mr. TINCHER] is going to leave us. We regret it. The ranks the office of Vice President, he knows that through the last of the protectionists will regret it, because they will lose one days of this Congress he has got to do something to ingratiate of their most doughty champions. The farmers may regret it, himself into the favor of those who control, not the election at because they will lose one of the ablest champions on this floor the polls, but who control the delegates to the Republican of the farmer, who believes the way to farmer's prosperity is to National Convention. He has got to pass under the scrutiny tax the steel and iron in his plow; that the way to p1·omote his of the national chairman, Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. Is pro perity is to tax the clothes, the cotton goods, and woolen Mr. BuTLER interested in the farmers of the United States? If goods he wears on his back; that the way to promote prosperity he is I have not heard about it. [Laughter on the Democratic is to tax the household equipments in his kitchen and the side.] furniture in his house and the implements with which he toils. But Mr. BuTLER is interested in woolen mills in Massachusetts, He is that kind of a farmer's friend. But, gentlemen, be not in cotton mills 1n Massachusetts. He is interested in steel grieved too deeply, because, while the gentleman is leaving us, production. He is interested in seeing that this infant, strug­ he is going to a field of greater usefulness. I want the Clerk gling industry of Secretary Mellon, the Aluminum Trust, must to read, in my time, a statement I just handed him. be built up and given sufficient protective tariff in order that The Clerk read as follows: it may not meet competition with the pauper labor of Europe [laughter], and so the gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Tr~cHER], [From the Wichita Eagle, January 8] of course, wants to please these gentlemen. I was about to THI~KS LO~GWORTH HAS GOOD CHL~CE TO BE PRESrDE.'-'T-.J. N. TI~CHER say that be and the Speaker are like a double team of Ken­ EXPRESSES BELIEF SPEAKER OF HOUSE WILL GET CHANCE AT HIGH tucky thoroughbreds, but that would hardly meet the physical POST-STILL TALK COOLIDGE description, at least. [Laughter.] However, I will say it in J. N. (Poley) TINCHER, Congressman from the seventh Kansas dis­ this way, ·that intellectually speaking, this pair of spanking trict, is Of the opinion that NICHOLAS LONGWORTH, recently elected bays, this pair of Kentuck--y thoroughbr~Js, as they go cantering Speaker of the National House of Representatives, will be the Repub­ along toward the presidential goal, must, as the gentleman lican candidate for President to succeed Calvin Coolidge. from Kansas knows, get the 0. K. of the ruling spirits of And Albert H. Denton, president of the Home National Bank at the tariff banditti. That little district of Medicine Lodge out Arkansas City and a lifeloni friend of the big Congressman from the in Kansas is only a district. It is only one out of 435 political big seventh, believes that it Mr. LoNGWORTH is the party candidate subdhisioris of the United States, but the Presidency compre­ for President, Mr. TINCHER will be the party candidate for Vlee hends them all. We can ea ily picture the di tinguished gen­ President. tleman from Kansas saying " I can not have a narrow sec­ These <>Pinions were expressed by Mr. Tr~CHER and Mr. Denton fol­ tional view. Why, you poor fellows of this district, you have lowing a conference at Ho~el Lassen, 1n Wichita, Thursday. The been very good to me, you have sent me to Congress, anr in northeastern Oklahoma ! They say think the gentleman from Oklahoma ought to bring them on to the gentleman from Kansas [l\1r. TIKCHER]-and I know it­ the Sesquicentennial Exhibition in Philadelphia this year and when he first came to Congress wore a long-tailed coat, but they there exhibit them, because they are the only contented farm­ tell me now that exrept this particular one that he has got on ers that I know anything about In all these United States. to-day, and which he wears on formal occasions, he never [Laughter and applause.] Contented farmers under the Ford­ wears one out in his district, because during the past three ney-McCumber tariff law that protects practically everything years when he goes around over his district the farmers are that this contented farmer has to buy I pulling at his coat tails so much and hanging on to them so tt>na­ Mr. MONTGOMERY. The gentleman has used my name. ciously and asking so many embarrassing questions about the Will the gentleman tell the House whether he would put them Fordney-McCumber tariff bill and whaf it is doing to them and. back on the free list, as they were under the Underwood Act, what he is going to do about it that in self-protection he now or whether he thinks they are better served under the Fordney­ wears one of these " see-more coats" that has not got much McCumber Act? tail to it for them to hang on to, and the reason why be does Mr. CONNALLY of Texas. I would vote to-morrow to sub­ that is that with that kind of a coat they can see more of stitute the Underwood Act for the Fordney-l\1cCumber Act. TINcaEU and less of the tariff. [Laughter.] [Applause on the Democratic side.] I will vote for any kind of '.rhe CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Texas a bill that reduces the tariff tribute that the whole country has expired. pays to a favored few; I would repeal a bill that by the vote Mr. DICKIKSON of Iowa. 1\fr. Chairman, I yield 10 min­ of the gentleman from Oklahoma taxes all of the people and utes to the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. TREADWAY]. hands that tax over to a few of the people. [Applause on the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts is Democratic side.] The gentleman talks about the Underweod recognized for 10 minutes. Act. Under the Underwood Act the foreign trade of the United Mr. TREADWAY. Mr. Chairman, I promise not to try to States reached the highest altitude it ever reached in all the produce the levity that our friend, the genial gentlE>man from history of the Republic. [Applause on the Democratic side.] Texas [Mr. CoNNALLY], who has just taken his seat, caused, but The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Texas I hope to present to the House a few facts of rather more avail has expired. than having advice given to the Republican Party by the l\Ir. TAYLOR of Colorado. Mr. Chairman, I yield the gen­ gentleman from Texas as to whom to nominate for President tleman five minutes additional. and Vice President and al o how to write a tariff bill. . Ir. CONNALLY of Texas. As I say, l\Ir. Chairman, under I want to refer very briefly to the effect of the new revenue the Underwood Act the foreign trade of the United States, act of 1926 upon the average citizen in connection with the our exports, went to the highest pitch that they have ever special taxes, or so-called nuisance taxes, of which we have attained in all the history of the Republic. continually heard. That is a branch of taxes not directly ap­ I want now to pay my respects for a moment to the dis­ pearing in a man's actual income-tax report, and therefore it tinguished gentleman from North Dakota [~fr. BURTNESS]. is not figured as a part of the saving under the new law. He hales from a State in which, according to the newspapers, An interesting item was given out by the Treasury officials the farmers are losing their farms because they can not pay a few days ago in reference to the receipts from the new reve­ the interest upon their mortgages, a State in which banks nue act for the first quarter of 1926. The receipts were have failed because they have no money and the farmers who $60,000,000 more than last year despite the reductions under owe them can not pay them. That distinguished gentlE>man, the 1926 law. It is expected that the first quarter's receipts fearing in his soul that his name, like Abou "Ben Adam's, may from income taxes will exceed $500,000,000, compared with not be written high on the scroll of honor among the tariff $441,000,000 for the same period of last year. favorites when they gather in their little caucuses to nominate This is indicative of the business prosperity of the country. candidates, fearful that his name may not be among the Still more interesting, however, is the further statement of the anointed, and hopeful that he may be regarded as one of the department that the only class of people whose first quarterly outstanding friends of high protection-this man from the land pl\.yments showed a reduction were those earning net incomes of misfortune, this man from the land of distress, this man of $5,000 or less. from the land of disaster, this man from the land of stricken No better proof can be offered than these figurE's of the agriculture, this man from the land of farms without farmers, benefit of the new law to the average citizen and wage earner. from the land of farmers without farms, must get up and, like Generalities and details have very frequently been illustrated Hannibal when he made his pledge to destroy Rome at the in ronnectlon with this law. I endeavored a short time ago to altar of Baal, rise in his place and say, "Whatever happens give examples of the effect of the act among people of small to North Dakota, I want to swear again my eternal fealty to incomes. It is well known that more than 2,000,000 previously the tariff robber who captures with one hand my farmers in making income-tax returns a1·e now exempt from paying any North Dakota and takes the money from their pockets and Federal income tax whatever. turns it, with the other hand, over to New England with her I desire at this time to call especial attention to the changes favored industries." [Applause and laughter on the Demo­ in the act of 1926 of special taxes which have not appeared in cratic side.] the taxpayer's Federal reports. Then there is the distinguished gentleman from Illinois To this end, I first present a comparison of the receipts from [Mr. UADDEN], a wonderful man when he stays on his chosen the various income tax laws, as prepared for me by the Gov­ ground of appropriations. He knows how to take orders from ernment actuary, covering receipts under the laws of 1918, Director of the Budget Lord and from Mr. Coolidge, in the 1921, and 1924, with estimates of receipts for 1926. White House. He can take orders as gracefully as any man In order to call especial attention to the changes from ·the- in this House when they come from the right source. But the 1924 act to the 1926 act, I am adding another table containing gentleman from Illinois is one of the most intolerant of men only these two items. I ask permission, Mr. Chairman, to whim somebody suggests something with which he does not insert these tables as part of my remarks. agr~. I admire the gentleman from Illinois. He is a tariff The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Massachusetts asks protector. He does not have to dodge the issue at all. He unanimous consent to extend his remarks in the RECoRD in the has no poor farmers pulling at his coat tails as has the gentle­ manner indicated. Is there objection? man from Kansas [Mr. TINCHER]. He does not hear them say,. There was no objection. 7002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE :APRIL 6 . Mr. TREADW.A Y. The tables referred to are as follows: SOME ITEMS OF SPECIAL JNTEnEST Tare collectiom ~nder t~arious revenue acts It will be seen that tl1e largest item of reduction under spe­ cial taxes is upon automobiles, motor cycles, automobile tru<:ks, Fiscal year Calendar Calend!U' Fiscal year th·es, tubes, parts and accessories, and passenger automobiles Source of revenue 1920, act of year 1923, act year 11125, act 1927 (esti- for hire. The total reduction will be over $55,000,000, all being of 1921 of 1924 mated), act 1918 of 11126 now untaxed, excepting 3 per cent upon the original purchase price of a car. This was formerly 5 per cent. The tax is entirely eliminated in the law of 1926 on cameras Income and profits tax ____ _ $3,956,936,004 $1,835,552,966 $1,825,704,136,$1, 786,000,000 photographic plates and films, pipes and other smokers' articJes: Distilled spirits_. ____ ----- 97, 905, 276 28, 734, 900 25, 991, 622 19, 000, ()()() Fermented liquors ______H, 96.5, 874 5, 678------175,000 automatic slot machines, jewelry, watches, opera glasses, and Tobacco ____ ------295, 809, 355 317, ~1, 828 3GO, 124, 242 366, 000, ()()() so forth, bow~ing alleys, billiard and pool tables, shooting gal­ Stamp taxes ______84, 347,827 65, 202, 854 56, 672, 980 48, 000, 000 leries and riding academies, and so forth. Tran-;portation: Formerly there was a tax on firearms and shells from which Freight_------­ 130,785,811 ------Express------­ 17,597, 63S ------the Government received a revenue of $3,617,000. This is en­ Persons_------98, i 86, 636 ------tirely done away with, excepting a very small tax on pistols, Oil by pipe lines ______8,426,406 ------Eeats berths, and which remains not for the purpose of revenue but as an effort staterooms ______6,074,556 ------to control the indiscriminate use of them. Telegraph, t~lephonc, etc ______The other item of special interest is the reduction of nearly '¥1, 677,041 34,012,067 ------$10,000,000 in admissions. Insurance, life, marine, etc_ 18,421, i54 ------·------Automobile trucks, etc___ _ 14,471, 464 10, S09, 632 8,~9. 300 ------HOW AVERA.GE MAN IS AFFECTED Other automobiles and motor cycles ______, ____ _ 76, 315, 814 106, 280, 962 111, 984, 829 90,000,00 Now, let me explain how these directly affect the average Tires, tubes, parts, and accessories _____ ------pa, 135,513 38,606,349 23,086,580 ------man. All during the period that these and other items uoon Musical instruments ______13,624,121 ------which the tax was previously taken off were paid more or iess Tennis rackets and sport- ing goods ______as a matter of course. Chewing gum______~. !H-4, 913 ------Quite likely the average man counts upon a certain part of 1, 124,943 ------Cameras_------___ _ 876,212 810,466 695,063 ------his earnings to be expended either for recreation or pleasure Photographic plates and for himself and family. Nuisance taxes were oppressive, but films------716,904 775,314 841,540 ------Candy------____ ------23,142,034 11,636,179 ------at the time they were collected on a very great variety of items, Firearms and shells ______4,644,793 4, 257.486 3, 617,123 100,000 the patl'iotic instincts of the people were thoroughly aroused, Hunting and bowie knives_ 15,836 24,789 ------and if pleasures and luxuries were indulged in people of most Dirks knives, daggers, etc_ 1 4, 14.'! 1, 755 ------Portaole electric fans ______174,084 2.0, 400 ------moderate means were willing to pay their share of the patriotic Thermos bottles ______218,304 ------tax. We are all pleased that those days have gone by. In Pipes and other smokers' recent years the average citizen has complained of nuisance articles_------142,373 296, 576 57,675 ------Automatic slot machines .• 88,876 170, 2i3 475,087 ------taxes both for their inconvenience and the money involved. Li veries,li very boots, etc __ 136, 021 160, 890 ------·---- Let us see what this bill does for people of moderate circum­ Hunting garments, etc ___ _ 224, 757 175, 178 ------stances in connection with this form of taxation. Articles made of fur ______15, 311, 214 ------Yachts, motor boats, etc. Any family paying an income tax would be in a position to (sale) ______------_. __ 212,686 271,695 ------own an automobile. Assuming the purchase price for the aver­ Toilet soap, etc ______1, 91P, 398 ------Motion-picture films ______age car is $1,500, the tax on this, under the act of 1924, would Art works______4, 881, 276 ------1, 543, 134 787, 508 741, 4!)9 ------haYe been $75. The tax now is $45. It is to be noted that Carpets, rugs, purses, some of the companies making automobiles have absorbed the lighting futures, etc ____ _ 17,903, 611 1, 622,647 ------tax in their prices, but at any rate the purchase of a $1,500 car Jewelry, watches, opera glasses, etc ______25, 863, 6(17 21,898,838 8, 428, 518 ------means that the buyer is $30 ahead now. Perfumes, cosmetics, and It is fair to say also that there will be an adilltlonal saving medlcated articles __il __ _ 6, 427, SRI----·---~----·------of $5 to the taxpayer through the removal of the tax on tires Beverages, nonalcoho c .• 67,460,956 10,414,880 ------Brokers, stock, etc ______2, 121,312 1, 691,990 1, 2M, 387 ---·------and tubes. In other words, it will cost each owner of a $1,500 ' Theaters, museums, cir- car in the neighborhood of $35 less to purchase and maintain a cuses, etc______2, 048,806 1, 951,400 ------Bowling alleys, billiard car of this value. Higher priced cars will, of course, show a and pool tables______2, 782,157 2, 443,990 2, 189, 694 ------corresponding increa!'led saving. A great many automobile trucks are used in business by the sb~~t~~re!i~~-~-~~~~~- ss. 526 31,1126 27, 844 ------Passenger automobiles for average taYpayer. The tax: on automobile truckB is entirely hire______2, 040,244 2, 088,085 1, 871, 08~ ------eliminated. This was formerly 8 per cent, so that the truck Yachts, etc. (use of)______862,237 239, 131 322,979 ------owner can carry on his business at a saving of from $35 to lj;60 Adm!~slons______76,720,553 74,878,630 24,774,315 15,000,000 on the lower priced trucks. Dues to pleasure clubs •••• __a_,1_9_S,_OO_l_l-_7_, 64_ 4,_96_5+--9_,_34_6_,3_77_ ___9,_000_, 000_ 1 1 Formerly there was a tax of 10 per cent upon cameras and Total of above: 5 per cent on films and plates, from which th~ Government re­ Income and profits taxes ______3, ll56, 936,004 1, 835,--552, 966 1, 825,704, 136 1, 786,000,000 ceived over $1,600,000 yearly. Miscellaneons taxes ••• 1, 242,654,879 745,638,821 640,862,628 547,275,000 While it would be difficult to estimate what this means to every individual, the number of cameras in use by amateurs is Total.------6, 199, 690, 883 2, 681, 191, 787 2, 466, 666, 764 2, 333, 275, 000 enormous. Firearms, shells, and cartridges were formerly taxed 10 per Oompari8on of rece-ipts under 1924 re·venue act and estimates of receipts cent. Every hunter contributed a part of this revenue of unrJer 19£6 act of ce-rtain items $3,617,000. It cun readily be seen what this saving of 10 per cent means to the young country lad or the farmers themselves, Fl&."alye~ fond of the great outdoors, in the small towns of New England Calendar 1927 (esti­ year 1925, mated), act and throughout the country. act of 1924 of 1926 Slot machines are seen everywhere and are very generally patronized. While the contribution each time is a compara­ tively small one, in the aggregate it produced nearly $500,000 Stamp taxes ______------·------$56, 672, 980 $48, 000, ()()() in Automobile trucks, eto.------8,359,300 ------revenue. This is now taken off. Other automobiles and motor cycles ______111,983,829 90,000,000 The entire removal of the tax: on jewelry watches, opera Tires, tubes, parts, and accessolies ______23,086,680 --·------glas es, and so forth, is reducing revenue by $8,500,000. Some Cam erRS ______------695,063 ------Photographic plates and films ______841,540 ------of these articles are, of course, beyond the reach of the average Firearms and shells __ ------·---·--- 3, 617,123 100,000 citizen, but practically everyone wants to own a good watch Pipes and other smokers' articles ______67, ti75 Automatlo slot machines ______------and very frequently feels inclined to purchase for some loved ~75, 087 ------Art works______---__ ------_ 741,489 ------one an ornamental article of jewelry. Jewelry, watches, opera glasses, etc______8,428, 518 ------A source of recreation to many people is the patronage of Brokers, stock, etc __ ------1,254,387 ------bowling alleys and billiard rooms. The tax on these places, Bowling alleys, billiard and pool tables ______2, IS9,694 ------Shooting galleries fUld Iidin& academies ______• ___ _ 27,844 ------which under the law of 1924 produced $2,189,000, is now en­ Passenger automobiles for hire------­ 1,871,084 ------tirely removed. Yachts, etc. {use oJL------·-·------822, 9'ro ----i5:000:ooo We all enjoy attendance at moving pictures and legitimate Admissions _____ ------24,774,315 $9,750,000 Dues to pleasure clubs ••••••••_ ---··------···------9,346, 377 ll,OOO,OOO theatrical performances. Tbe Government will lose by the increased exemption of from 50 to 75 cents on admis- 1926 CON GRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE .700-3 sions. This will permit the purchaser of tickets to occupy directed, will constitute one of the main features in the bril­ the most desirable seats at a moving-picture house or the liant record of the Republican Party in the present Con­ cheaper seats in the regular theaters without tax payment. gress. The tax on cigars has been very materially reduced on all 1\lr. GARRETT of Tennessee. Will the gentleman yield? grades, particularly the cheaper ones. On cigars manufac­ Mr. TREADWAY. I will, unless my time has expired. tured to retail at not more than 5 cents the tax has been The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman has one-half minute re­ reduced 50 per cent, or from $4 to $2 per .thousand. In the maining. bracket between 5 and 8 cents there is a corresponding reduc­ 1\Ir. GARRETT of Tennessee. The gentleman states very tion of 50 per cent, or from $6 to $3 per thousand. From 8 to frankly that which we have supposed would be the procedure 15 cents the reduction is from $9 to $5 per thousand. From all along. That is, that the Repllblicap candidates for Congress 15 to 20 cents, from $12 to $10.50 per thousand. On cigars to will claim credit for this measure pr~ctically in its entirety. retail for more than 20 cents each the reduction is from $15 The CHAIRMAN. The time of th~ gentleman from Massa­ to $13.50 per thousand. It will be noted that the percentage chusetts has expired. of reduction is very much higher· for the lower-priced cigars, l\Ir. TAYLOR of Colorado. l\Ir. Chairman, I yield the gentle- another evidence that in framing this tax bill the Republican man two additional minutes. · majority showed its interest in the man of moderate means, Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. I wonder, in view of the fact who only can afford the lower-priced cigar. Under the 1924 that already it has been demonstrated that the Trea m·y re­ net receipts from cigar taxes was $43,000,000. Under the act turns are some ~60,000,000 more than was estimated, as I of 1926 it i-, estimated as $26,000,000, a reduction of $17,000,000. believe the gentleman stated-- 1'his will either reduc-e the price of cigars or permit manufac­ Mr. TREADWAY. That was a statement given out a short turers to use better grades of tobacco. It may even restore time ago by the department. that article for which the late Vice President Marshall so Mr. GARRETT of Tennessee. I wonder whether it will be longingly wished, namely, " a good 5-cent cigar." stated by the Republican candidates for Congress that the It will be said that some of the items of taxes I have referred Democratic Members also made an effort to further reduce to ha\e been paid by the manufacturers or dealers. While taxes; that that was refused by the Republican :;\!embers and that is technically true, it is nevertheless true that all cost is that, therefore, they did not give them the measure of relief passed on to the consumer, whether he pays it directly or indi­ which subsequent events have demonstrated might very well I'ectly. haYe been given. 1926 ACT PRIXCIPALLY WRITTE:'i FOR ATIR.AGE ~!A...~ Mr. TREADWAY. If I gather the question of the Demo­ These statistics and illush·ations that I have given offer addi­ cratic leader, it is this: Should not there have been a larger tional proof that this 19~6 tax act was principally written for decrease in taxation than was actually made in the law? Is the benefit.of the average man. that the suggestion of the gentleman? It would be interesting to have a group of people in the lower l\Ir. GARRETT of Tennessee. That was the view, I will brackets of income-tax payers eJ:ldeavor to recall the number of say, which the Democrats held. l\Iy question was whether the times they were subject to such taxes during the past year. Republicans will state that when they are on the stump Yery few people, however, would keep a sufficiently accurate along with the statement claiming entire credit for tax re­ ledger account of incidental expenses to answer this inquiry duction. with any degree of exactness. In order that my estimate of l\Ir. TREA.DW .AY. The Republicans will state the exact the aggregate saving in these comparatively small items to our facts-that the estimates of the Treasury were accepted by aYeraO'e citizen and his family might not be altogether one of the Ways and Means Committee in the first instance; then guess;ork, I asked the Government actuary, Mr. McCoy, to give the House accepted the report of the Ways and Means Com­ me an estimate. His report to me is in part as follows: mittee; the bill went to the other branch, and they ran riot Take ; family purchasing a new $1,500 automobile, the father over there, as tl1e gentleman well knows, in increasing reduc­ smoking cigars and using the automobile to go on occasional hunting tions. The conference committee was obliged to very mate­ trips and for family pleasure trips, the wife using a camera, the father rially change those items. purchasing some trinket for birthday presents, occasionally playing The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Massa- billiards and bowling, the reduction in tax for this family would be chusetts has again expired. - material. He would save $30 on the purchase of the car; some $3 l\lr. TREADWAY. I have not finished my answer, but I on the repair parts of it, including a couple of dollars more for some will let it stand as it is. additional accessory, together with some $3 or $4 on tires and tubes. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair desires to announce to the · He would save from $5 to $10 on the bit of jewelry,· watch, or pin given gentlemen in control of the time that the gentleman from Iowa to his wife; a few dollars on his cigars, a few dollars on his bowling and [Mr. DICKI -soN] bas 22 minutes remaining and the gentleman billiards. She would save a dollar or two on the pipe or cigar holder from Colorado [Mr. TAYLOR] 24 minutes. given to him ; a dollar or two on her new camera, and about as much 1\fr. DICKINSON of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I move that the com­ on the films used therein. He would save from $5 to $10 on his new mittee do now ri.se. shotgun, and another $5 on the shells used by him in hunting or trap 'l'he motion was agreed to. shooting. On admissions to shows the saving to the family would be Accordingly the committee rose; and the Speaker having re­ some $8 or $10, while the saving on other taxes reduced or repealed sumed the chai"r, Mr. HAWLEY, Chairman of the Committee of would amount to a few more dollars. In fact, the ordinary family the Whole House on the state of the Union, reported that the whose income warrants a $1,500 car will readily save $100 or more in committee, having bad under consideration the bill (H. R.10425) tax repealed or reduced by the new law. making appropriations for the legislative branch of the Gov­ This is certainly a welcome addition to the family income al­ ernment for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1927, and for other ready greatly benefited by the general reductions. purposes, bad come to no resolution thereon. BEXEFITS RESULT FROM R.EPUFLICAN TEAMWORK LEAVE OF ABSENCE Similar comparisons could be drawn of the tax reductions in By unanimous consent leave of absence was granted to- tbe laws of 1918 and 1921, as shown by the first table, but I Mr. JEFFERS (at the request of Mr. Hrr.L of Alabama), on ac­ think I have clearly shown the benefit the 1926 act brings to the count of Ulness. average man that will not appear in his tax report. These 1\lr. PERLMAN, until Tuesday, April 13, 1926, on account of benefits, together with those in the other branches of the income illness in his family. tax, result from the united efforts of the President and the ADJOURNMENT Republican Congress. Mr. DICKINSON of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I move that the Business economy and a practically straight adherence to the House do now adjourn. Budget have made possible the large reductions in the needs of The motion was agreed to; accordingly (at 5 o'clock and 2 revenue. minutes p. m.) the House adjourned until to-morrow, Wednes­ The Republican Congress has seen to it that these benefits day, April 7, 1926, at 12 o'clock noon. reach the smaller income-tax payer. I repeat that while the assistance of the Democratic minority in writing the new tax measure was very welcome, the actual credit of its preparation OO~TTEE HEARINGS will, in the minds of the voters, be given to the Republicans. Republican candidates for Congress at the coming election will 1\lr. TILSON submitted the following tentative list of com­ mittee hearings scheduled for April 7, 1926, as reported to the rightly call these features to the attention of the voters, and :floor leader by clerks of the several committees: they in turn will realize the interest the Republican Party shows in their welfare and the contents of their pocketbooks. COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE The continued elimination and reduction of the so-called (10 a.m.) nuisance and special taxes, to which your atten(Jon has been Agriculture relief legislation. 7004 CONGRESS! ON AL RECORD-HOUSE

COMMI'l"l"RE ON INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN COM!.fERCE REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND (10 a. m.) RESOLUTIONS Legislation relative to labor disputes in the coal-mining Under clause 2 of Rule XIII, industry. Mr. HILL of Maryland: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 10385. A bill to amend section 55 of the national defense COMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION .AND NATURALIZATION act, June 3, 1916, as amended, relating to the Enlisted Re erve Regulating immigration of certain veterans of the World Corps; with amendment (Rept. No. 781). Referred to the War (H. R. 10603). Committee of the Whole Hou e on the state of the Union. To amend the immigration law of 1924 providing for non­ . !Jr. HAUGEN: Committee on Agriculture. S. J. Re . 78. A quota status to American veterans of the World War and their JOint resolution for the amendment of the plant quarantine act wives and unmarried children (H. R. 0973). of August 20, 1912, to allow the States to quarantine against Regulating immigration and naturalization of certain vet­ the ship~ent therein or through of plants, plant products, and erans of the World War (H. R. 7968). other articles found to be disea ed or infested when not covered by a quarantine established by_ the Secretary of Agriculture, COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY and for other purposes; without amendment (Rept. No. 782). (10 a. m.) Referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the tate of To pronde compensation for employees injured and depend­ the Union. ents of employees killed in certain maritime employments, and Mr. MoLEOD: Committee on the Di trict of Columbia. H. providing for administration by the United States Employees' R. 7975. A bill to amend the Code of Law for the Di trict of Compensation Commission (H. R. 9498). Columbia in relation to descent and distribution; without amendment (Rept. No. 783). Referred to the Hou e Calendar. COMMITTEE ON THE POST OFFICE .AND POST ROADS (10 a.m.) Fixing postage rates on hotel room keys and tags (H. R. 92). REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE ON PATENTS Under clau e 2 of Rule XIII, (9.30 a.m.) 1\Ir. FISHER: Committee on Military Affairs. H. R. 2882. To amend section 1 of an act entitled "An act to amend and A bill to remove the charge of desertion from the name of consolidate the acts respecting copyrights," approved March 4, E. D. Macready; with amendment (Rept. No. 78-!). Referred 1909, as amended, by adding subsection (f) (H. R. 10353). to the Committee of the Whole House. COMMITTEE ON W .A YS .AND MEANS (10 a. m.) CHANGE OF REFERENCE To provide for the payment of the awards of the Mixed Under clause 2 of Rule XX~I, the Committee on Pensions (]aims Commission, the payment of certain claims of German was discharged from the consideration of the bill (II. R. nationals against the United States, and the return to German 10'022) granting a pension to Aaron Angle, and the same was nationals of property held by the Alien Property Custodian referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. (H. R. 10820). COMMITTEE ON INDIAN .AFFAIRS PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS ( 10.30 a. m.) Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, public bills and re olutions To carry into effect the twelfth article of the treaty between were inh·oduced and severally referred as follows : the United States and the loyal Shawnee and loyal absentee By Mr. CAREW: A bill (H. R. 11050) to promote temper­ Shawnee Tribes of Indians, proclaimed October 14, 1868 (H. R. ance in the United States; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 5218). By Mr. TINKHAM: A bill (H. R. 11051) to reimburse the COMMITTEE ON THE PUBLIC LANDS Commonwealth of Mas achusetts for expenses incurred in pro­ (10.30 a. m.) tecting bridges on main railroad lines and under direction of To revise the boundary of the Yellowstone National Park in the commanding general Eastern Department, United States the States of Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho (H. R. 9917). Army, and the commandant navy yard, Charlestown, Mass.; To revise the boundary of the Grand Canyon National Park, to the Committee on War Claims. in the State of Arizona (H. R. 9916). Also, a bill (H. R. 11052) to reimburse the Commonwealth To revise the boundary of the Sequoia National Park, Calif., of l\Ias achusetts for expenses incurred in compliance with and to change the name of said park to Roosevelt-Sequoia Na­ the request of the United States marshal dated December 6, tional Park (H. R. 9387). 1917, to the Governor of Massachusetts in furnishing the State To revise the bounda~·y of the Mount Rainier National Park, military forces for duty Qn and around Boston Harbor under in the State of Washington (H. R. 10126). regulation 13 of the President's proclamation; to the Commit­ tee on War Claims. COMMITTEE ON MILITARY AFFAIRS By Mr. GRAHAM: A bill (H. R. 11053) to fix salaries of (10.30 a. m.) certain judges of the United States; to the Committee on the To further provide for the national defense by coordinating Judiciary. the Army and the Navy (H. R. 10248). By l\1r. MANLOVE: A bill (H. R. 11054) giving authority To constitute a council of national defense (H. R. 10982). to the Secretary of Labor and the Attorney General of the To provide for a council of national defense, and for other United States to deport certain aliens ; to the Committee on purposes (H. R. 10985). Immigration and Naturalization. By Mr. BACHARACH; A bill (H. R. 11055) to regulate in­ terstate commerce by motor buses operating or to operate as EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. common carriers of passengers for hire through the interstate Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, executive communications were tun~el now being constructed under the Hudson River between , taken from the ·speaker's table and referred as follows: the city of New York, State of New York, and the city of 423. A communication from the President of the United Jersey City, State of New Jersey; and over the interstate States, h·ansmitting supplemental estimate of appropriations bridge now being constructed across the Delaware River be­ for the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, for tween the city of Philadelphia, Commonwealth of Pennsyl­ the Yuma Federal irrigation project, one for the fiscal year vania, and the city of Camden, State of ~ew Jersey; to the 1925 and prior years in the amount of $63·7,336, and the other Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. for the fi cal year 1926 in the amount of $50,000 ; in all, By Mr. BACHMANN : A bill (H. R. 11056) providing for $687,336 (H. Doc. No. 292) ; to the Committee on Appropria­ the erection of a monument over the grave of Patrick Ga s, at tions and ordered to be printed. Brooke Cemetery, Wellsburg, W. Va., a soldier of the War of 424. A communication from the President of the United 1812 and the last surviving member of the Lewis and Clark States transmitting a supplemental estimate of appropriations Expedition; to th'e Committee on the Library. for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1926, for the War Depart­ By Mr. HILL of Maryland·: A bill (H. R. 11057) to amend ment, amounting to $50,500; also a draft of proposed legislation the national prohibition act, as supplemented, in respect of the affecting exi ting appropriations (H. Doc. No. 291) ; to the definition of intoxicating liquor; to ·the Committee on the Ju­ Committee on Appropriations and ordered to be printed. diciary. 1926 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 7005 By Mr. JOHNSON of Washington: A bill (H. R. 11058) to pensation to the chief of janitors of the House of Representa­ provide for the appointment of an additional district judge for tives; to the Committee on Accounts. the district of 'Vashington; to tile Committee on the Judi­ ciary, By Mr. FROTHINGHAM (by request) : A bill (H. R. 11059) PETITIONS, ETC. to amend an act entitled "An act to provide revenue, to regu­ Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were laid late commerce with foreign countries, to encourage the indus­ on the Clerk's desk and referi·ed as follows: tries of the United States, and for other purposes," approved 1660. By Mr. ANDREW: Petition signed by Mr. . Susan W. September 21, 1922; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Reynolds and by other residents of Marblehead, Mass., oppos­ By 1\lr. FRENCH: A bill (H. R. 11060) to authorize the ex­ ing any weakening of the Volstead Act ; to the Committee on tension of the application of the act entitled "An act to author­ the Judiciary. ize the reservation of public lands for county parks and com­ 1661. By Mr. BARBOUR: Telegram from Civic Commercial munity centers within reclamation projects, and for other pur­ Association of Bakersfield, Calif., expressing opposition to poses," approved OctobE:r 5, 1914; to the Committee on the House bill 10502, which would amend the pure food and drugs­ Public Lands. act relative to canned products, etc.; to the Committee on By l\Ir. THOMAS: Concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 20) Inter tate and Foreign Commerce. providing for the creation of a congressional cooperative agri­ 1662. By Mr. CARSS: Petition of 20 residents of Ely, Minn., cultural conference for the purpose of suggesting a permanent favoring enactment of House bill 71, the black bass bill, and policy for agricultural relief and preparing and proposing legis­ House bill 7479, the migratory bird bill; to the Committee on lation to carry such policy into effect ; to the Committee on Agriculture. Rules. 1663. Also, resolution of Hoga Nord Scandinavian Fraternity By 1\Ir. MICHENER: Re olution (H. Re . 206) providing for of America, rerecognition of Leif Erickson a.s the discoverer of the consideration of H. R. 8119, "To amend an act entitled 'An America ; to the Committee on the Library. act to establish a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the 1664. Also, resolution opposing House bill 5583 providing for United States,' approved July 1, 1898, and acts amendatory registration of aliens, etc.; to the Committee on Immigration thereto and supplementary thereto " ; to the Committee on and Naturalization. Rules. 1665. Also, resolution of District Lodge, No. 1, I. 0. G. T., Scandinavian Grand Lodge of 1\Iinnesota, opposing repeal or modification of the Volstead Act; to the Committee on the PRIVATE BILLS Al\T]) RESOLUTIONS Judiciary. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions 1666. By 1\fr. CULLEN: Resolution of Brooklyn Post Office were introduced and severally referred as follows : Clerks' Union, Local No. 251, National Federation of Post Office By l\1r. ANDRESEN: A bill (H. R. 11061) for the relief of Clerks, approving House bill 7962; to the Committee on the Richard S. Bacon ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. Post Office and Post Roads. By Mr. BACHMANN: A bill (H. R. 11062) granting an in­ 1667. By Mr. FULLER: Petition of the Illinois State Federa­ crease of pension to Anna J. Wilkinson; to the Committee on tion of Labor urging favorable action on the House bill 8653; Pensions. to the Committee on Labor. Also, a bill (H. R. 11063) for the relief of Edgar Travis, sr.; 1668. Also, petition of the Rockford Wholesale Grocery Co., to the Committee on Military Affairs. Rockford, Ill., opposing the passing of House bill 10502 ; to the By Mr. COLLIER: A bill (H. R. 11064) for the relief of Committee on Agriculture. R. W. Hilderbrand; to the Committee on Claims. 1669. By Mr. GALLIVAN: Petition of Louis G. Stone, 262 By Mr. CORNING: A bill (H. R. 11065) granting an increase Washington Street, Bo ton, Mass., recommending early and of pension to Amelia Vrooman ; to the Committee on Invalid favorable consideration of House bill 7907, to increase salaries Pensions. of Federal judges; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, a bill (H. R. 11006) granting an increase of pension 1670. By Mr. GARBER: Petition by citizens of Lawton, to Hannah Stinson; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Okla., favoring House bill 8133, granting relief to disabled By l\Ir. DYER: A bill (H. R. 11067) for the relief of Rudolph Spanish War veterans; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. L. Wise ; to the Committee on Claims. 1671. Also, peti_tion by citizens of Texas County, Okla., By l\Ir. EDWARDS: A bill (H. R. 11068) for the relief of against compulsory Sunday observance bills (H. R. 7179 and and granting compensation to l\1rs. Arling Tootle, widow of 7822) ; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. deceased ex-service man; to the Committee on World War 1672. Also, resolution by the members of the Prairie View Veterans' Legislation. Club, Blackwell, Okla., favoring keeping the prohibition amend­ Also, a bill (H. R. 11069) for the relief of Ge-orge W. Turner; ment as it now stands; to the Committee on the Judiciarv. to the Committee on World War Veterans' Legislation. 1673. By 1\Ir. KVALE : Petition of several voters o£ Swift Also, a bill (H. R. 11070) granting retirement annuity or County, 1\Iinn., urging the passage of House bills 71 and 7479; pension to John B. Fitzgerald; to the Committee on Pensions. to the Committee on Agriculture. By l\lr. ESLICK: A bill (H. R. 11071) for the relief of 1674. By Mr. O'CONNELL of New York: Petition of the A. J. Bell; to the Committee on Claims. Fred. W. Lange Trucking Co., of New York, opposing the pas­ By Mr. FLAHERTY: A bill (H. R. -1.1072) for the relief of sage of Senate bills 1734, 476, and 477; to the Committee on James Henry Hicks; to the Committee on Naval Affairs. Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. GARBER: A bill (H. R. 11073) granting a pension 1675. Also, petition of the Richardson & Boynton Co., of to W. T. J oily ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. New York, favoring the passage of House bill 8119; to the Com­ By 1\ir. JOHNSON of Washington: A bill (H. R. 11074) mittee on Banking and Currency. granting a pension to Frank X. Marks; to the Committee on 1076. Also, petition of Camp Fire Club of America, favoring Pensions. the passage of Senate bill 2607 and House bill 7479, the migra­ tory bird refuge and marsh land conservation bill ; to the Com­ By Mr. MAGRADY: A bill (H. R. 110i5) granting an in­ mittee on Agriculture. crease of pension to Laura J. Thurston; to the Committee on 1677. By Mr. STRONG of Kansas: Petition of Woman's Invalid Pensions. Relief Corps, No. 6, of Junction City, Kans., requesting enact­ By Mr. MICHENER: A bill (H. R. 11076) granting an ment of pending legislation to increase pensions of Civil War increase of pension to Josephine L. K. Sedgwick ; to the Com­ veterans and their widows ; to the Committee on Invalid Pen­ mittee on Invalid Pensions. sions. By Mr. MOREHEAD: A bill (H. R. 11077) granting a pen­ 1678. By Mr. SWING: Petition of certain residents of Escon­ sion to Roy Scott ; to the Committee on Pension&. dido, Calif., protesting against the passage of House bill 7179, By Mr. PURNELL: A bill (H. R. 11078) granting an in­ for the compulsory observance of Sunday; to the Committee on crease of pension to Lovina Wort; to the Committee on Invalid the District of Columbia. Pensions. 1679. By Mr. TINKHAM : Petition of the Mazzini-Garibaldi By Mr. REECE: A bill (H. R. 11079) granting an increase Republican Club and the Henry Cabot Lodge Republican Club, of pension to Levina Beaman Mathis; to the Committee on of Massachusetts, for a modification of the eighteenth amend­ Invalid Pensions. ment to the Constitution to permit the sale of beers and light By Mr. WILSON of Louisiana: A bill (H. R. 11080) granting wines; to the Committee on the Judiciary. a pension to Susan E. Hart ; to the Committee on Pensions. 1680. By Mr. VINCENT of Michigan: Petition of residents By Mr. GLYNN: Resolution (H. Res. 207) authorizing pay­ of Saginaw County, Mich., protesting against Rouse bills 717D ment of $300 per annum, payable monthly, as additional com- a~d 7822; to the Coffi!llitlee on the District of Columbia.