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Thetextual History of the Ethiopic Oldtestament Project (THEOT)
Textus 29 (2020) 80–110 brill.com/text The Textual History of the Ethiopic Old Testament Project (THEOT): Goals and Initial Findings1 Daniel Assefa Tibeb Research and Retreat Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia [email protected] Steve Delamarter George Fox University, Portland, OR, USA [email protected] Garry Jost Portland, OR, USA [email protected] Ralph Lee SOAS University of London, London, UK [email protected] Curt Niccum Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX, USA [email protected] Abstract This article offers an introduction to the Textual History of the Ethiopic Old Testa- ment (THEOT) project. This includes a description of the background to THEOT and its primary purpose of mapping the history of the transmission of the Ethiopic Old Testa- ment. The bulk of the article summarizes the project’s preliminary findings, generally, and, in particular, about Ethiopic Psalms, Song of Songs, Deuteronomy, Ruth, Amos, 1 We thank Alessandro Bausi for reading and responding to earlier drafts of this article. We found his input important for understanding how to shape the final form that appears here. © assefa et al., 2020 | doi:10.1163/2589255X-02901002 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC BY 4.0Downloaded license. from Brill.com09/28/2021 10:45:39PM via free access the textual history of the ethiopic old testament project 81 Obadiah, Jonah, and Haggai. Some attention is also given to evidences of contact with the Hebrew text tradition, although the Ethiopic is clearly a daughter version of the LXX. Keywords textual criticism – Ethiopic Old Testament – digital humanities – Deuteronomy – Ruth – Psalms – Song of Songs – Amos Good editions of the books of the Ethiopic Old Testament continue to be a desideratum.2 The inadequacies of previous publications are well known. -
The Church Missionary Society and the Christians of Kerala, 1813-1840
Half-Brothers in Christ: The Church Missionary Society and the Christians of Kerala, 1813-1840 by Joseph Gerald Howard M. A. (History), University at Buffalo, State University of New York, 2010 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Joseph Gerald Howard 2014 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Fall 2014 Approval Name: Joseph Gerald Howard Degree: Master of Arts (History) Title: Half-Brothers in Christ: The Church Missionary Society and the Christians of Kerala, 1813-1840 Examining Committee: Chair: Aaron Windel Assistant Professor of History Paul Sedra Senior Supervisor Associate Professor of History Derryl MacLean Supervisor Associate Professor of History Mary-Ellen Kelm Supervisor Professor of History Laura Ishiguro External Examiner Assistant Professor Department of History University of British Columbia Date Defended: August 28, 2014 ii Partial Copyright Licence iii Abstract In the 1810s, the Church Missionary Society (CMS) established the College at Cottayam in south India to educate boys intended for the priesthood in the local, indigenous church. While their goal was to help the church, their activities increased British power in the community. The results of CMS involvement included increasing interference of British officials in matters internal to the Malankara Church (e.g., episcopal succession), tacit recognition of the authority of colonial courts to resolve disputes in the church, and the fragmentation of the St. Thomas Christian community. These effects reshaped the church into something more consistent with British Christianity and more subject to British rule. Keywords: British Empire; Christianity; India; mission iv Dedication In memory of M. -
Concordia Theological Quarterly
Concordia Theological Quarterly Volume 79:3–4 July/October 2015 Table of Contents The Lutheran Hymnal after Seventy-Five Years: Its Role in the Shaping of Lutheran Service Book Paul J. Grime ..................................................................................... 195 Ascending to God: The Cosmology of Worship in the Old Testament Jeffrey H. Pulse ................................................................................. 221 Matthew as the Foundation for the New Testament Canon David P. Scaer ................................................................................... 233 Luke’s Canonical Criterion Arthur A. Just Jr. ............................................................................... 245 The Role of the Book of Acts in the Recognition of the New Testament Canon Peter J. Scaer ...................................................................................... 261 The Relevance of the Homologoumena and Antilegomena Distinction for the New Testament Canon Today: Revelation as a Test Case Charles A. Gieschen ......................................................................... 279 Taking War Captive: A Recommendation of Daniel Bell’s Just War as Christian Discipleship Joel P. Meyer ...................................................................................... 301 Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage: The Triumph of Culture? Gifford A. Grobien ............................................................................ 315 Pastoral Care and Sex Harold L. Senkbeil ............................................................................. -
REPORT on ACTIVITIES in CREATING AWARENESS and COOPERATION AMONG ORTHODOX and EVANGELICAL CHURCHES in INDIA Fr
REPORT ON ACTIVITIES IN CREATING AWARENESS AND COOPERATION AMONG ORTHODOX AND EVANGELICAL CHURCHES IN INDIA Fr. Dr. Jossi Jacob Holy Trinity Theological College, Addis Ababa The history of the interactions between the Orthodox Church in India and the Evangelical Traditions goes back to early nineteenth century. In spite of the ruptures and tremors of the past the relationship and interactions had reaped mutual benefits too. We could trace in-numerous events of mutual interactions which happened in the nineteenth, twentieth and twenty first centuries. Several of the events had gone without any written records. I would like to particularly highlight the travels made by two of our luminary bishops to the western countries in the first half of the twentieth century. Those visionary leaders of the Church travelled extensively in the western European countries to make contacts and interactions with the Churches of Protestant traditions. In turn they had visitors from these respective Churches visiting the Malankara Orthodox Church and staying in the monasteries which these two bishops had found. There attempts were before the formal inception of the international ecumenical bodies. Later on the founding of the World Council of Churches, in the inception of which the Orthodox Church in India has played a role too, has added momentum to the fraternal ties between the traditions. Exploring to the early part of the 19th century, it is made clear that the cooperation in the beginning was mainly made in publishing the Holy Scripture, and in promoting western form of education in Keralite1 society. Later it has developed into theological higher education. -
Three Early Biblical Translations
* * * * * * * Three Early Biblical Translations We do not have any of the original manuscripts of the books that have been included in the Bible. All we have is copies of copies. Most of the original manuscripts of the Old Testament were written in Hebrew, although a few chapters of Ezra and Daniel were recorded in Aramaic, the language of Jesus. The books of the New Testament were first written in Greek. The first translations of the Bible were of the Hebrew Bible. The Septuagint (SEP-too-a-jint) was a Greek translation written about three centuries before the birth of Christ. Two other early translations, composed after the birth of Christ, were the Peshitta in Syriac and the Vulgate in Latin. These three translations, the Septuagint, Peshitta, and Vulgate became the official translations of the Old Testament for the Greek-, Syriac-, and Latin-speaking churches respectively. Each also became the basis for other translations of the Bible. The Septuagint The Septuagint (from the Latin word septuaginta meaning seventy) was a Greek version of the Bible created during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (ca. 285-246 BCE) in Alexandria, Egypt for Diaspora Jews. Most of Jews living outside of Palestine were Greek-speaking as a result of Alexander the Great's (357-323 BCE) campaign to Hellenize his empire. First verses of Genesis (click for larger picture) At first, the Septuagint (LXX) consisted only of the Pentateuch (Torah, first five books of the Bible). Different books were translated from the Hebrew over a span of two centuries, including the books of the Apocrypha, and were added to the LXX. -
Download Book
"We do not to aspire be historians, we simply profess to our readers lay before some curious reminiscences illustrating the manners and customs of the people (both Britons and Indians) during the rule of the East India Company." @h£ iooi #ld Jap €f Being Curious Reminiscences During the Rule of the East India Company From 1600 to 1858 Compiled from newspapers and other publications By W. H. CAREY QUINS BOOK COMPANY 62A, Ahiritola Street, Calcutta-5 First Published : 1882 : 1964 New Quins abridged edition Copyright Reserved Edited by AmARENDRA NaTH MOOKERJI 113^tvS4 Price - Rs. 15.00 . 25=^. DISTRIBUTORS DAS GUPTA & CO. PRIVATE LTD. 54-3, College Street, Calcutta-12. Published by Sri A. K. Dey for Quins Book Co., 62A, Ahiritola at Express Street, Calcutta-5 and Printed by Sri J. N. Dey the Printers Private Ltd., 20-A, Gour Laha Street, Calcutta-6. /n Memory of The Departed Jawans PREFACE The contents of the following pages are the result of files of old researches of sexeral years, through newspapers and hundreds of volumes of scarce works on India. Some of the authorities we have acknowledged in the progress of to we have been indebted for in- the work ; others, which to such as formation we shall here enumerate ; apologizing : — we may have unintentionally omitted Selections from the Calcutta Gazettes ; Calcutta Review ; Travels Selec- Orlich's Jacquemont's ; Mackintosh's ; Long's other Calcutta ; tions ; Calcutta Gazettes and papers Kaye's Malleson's Civil Administration ; Wheeler's Early Records ; Recreations; East India United Service Journal; Asiatic Lewis's Researches and Asiatic Journal ; Knight's Calcutta; India. -
Book Reviews
Numen 60 (2013) 135–154 brill.com/nu Book Reviews Protestantisch-westliche Mission und syrisch-orthodoxe Kirche in Kerala. Von den Anfängen bis 1840. By Reinhold Wagner. Wiesbaden: Harassowitz Verlag, 2011. 197 pp. ISBN 978–3447064279 (pbk.) Reinhold Wagner’s book is a welcome and well-researched study of a less- known chapter of the history of India. It focuses on the relations between the Syriac Orthodox Church in Kerala and Protestant missionaries in the eigh- teenth and nineteenth centuries (1750–1840). The study draws from rich docu- mentation, analyzed in much detail by the author, and provides a precise picture of the complex relations between Protestant missionaries from the Anglican Church Missionary Society (CMS) and the Syrian Orthodox Christians. In an opening chapter of the book (pp. 3–18), the author discusses the early contacts between Protestant missionaries and the Syriac Church of Kerala at the time of the Dutch occupation of the region. One of the fijirst documents about the South Indian Christian communities that was handed over to a Prot- estant group is a report written in Dutch and dating from approximately 1715. This text aside, Protestant missionaries based in Tranquebar had few relations with the Christian communities on the coast of Malabar. In a memorandum of 1810, and against the opinion of Anglican circles, two German missionaries expressed a reticence to hire members of Syriac Orthodox clergy as fellow mis- sionaries. This is a good example of the ambiguity of relations between Protes- tant missionaries and Syrian Orthodox Christians — an ambiguity that would persist during the whole period covered by the present book. -
Some Useful Websites Some Medieval Representations of Joshua Some
♦ The Hexateuch on the British Library website: Some useful websites http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Cotton_MS_Claudius_B_IV http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=cotton_ms_claudius_b_iv_f140v ♦ An online digitized version of Bosworth and Toller’s Anglo-Saxon Dictionary: http://beowulf.engl.uky.edu/~kiernan/BT/bosworth.htm ♦ To download a multimedia version of Bosworth and Toller (will run with Windows 2000/XP and later versions) http://download.cnet.com/Bosworth-Toller-Dictionary-Application/3000-2279_4 -10668222.html ♦ A website with the Vulgate and Douay-Rheims Bible texts: http://www.drbo.org/ Some medieval representations of Joshua ♦ Ivory plaque from a casket with scenes from the story of Joshua, Constantinople, 10th c. (New York, Metropolitan Museum) ♦ Stained glass, Poitiers Cathedral, north nave, 1240s ♦ Incipit of the Book of Joshua in the Rochester Bible, ♦ Joshua and David from The Nine Heroes Tapestries, Southern British Library, MS Royal 1 C. VII, c. 1225-1250, Moses Netherlands, c. 1400–1410 (New York, Metropolitan Museum) and Joshua. ♦ From the 17thcentury edition of Ælfric’s Libellum de vetero et novo testamento . A Saxon Treatise concerning the Old and New Testament, Now first published in print with English of our times, by William L’Isle of Wilburgham, the original remaining still to be seene in Sir Robert Cottons Librarie , 1623. The booke of Ioshua sheweth how he went with the people of Israel vnto Abrahams country, and how he won it; and how the sunne stood still, while hee got the victory, and how he diuided the land. This booke also I turned into English for Prince Ethelwerd [ ealdorman of the Western Provinces, †998], wherein a man may behold the great wonders of God really fulfilled. -
Translation Technique in the Peshitta to Jeremiah
University College Thesis submitted for the Ph.D. degree, 1999 Translation Technique in the Peshitta to Jeremiah Gillian Greenbere, in B. Sc., M. B., B. S., M. A. LILL LONDON 2 Abstract of thesis Translation technique in the Peshitta to Jeremiah This discussion is based on a word by word comparison of the source document and the translation throughout the 1364 versesof the book. The conclusions drawn are: 1. the translator's main aim was to present the senseof his Hebrew Vorlage without change,tn and to do so in a readily accessiblepresentational style. The evidence on which this conclusion is basedis the presenceof two co-existing fon-ns of translation throughout: (i) almost always literal, in presentation of the sense. The few points at which the senseis modified almost all pertain to the theme of the movement from the Temple- and sacrifice-basedpre-exilic religion to a prayer-basedreligion compatible with exile; (ii) often non-literal, stylistically, in pursuit of the precise and intelligible presentational style. When the translator wished to add lexical items, breaking the constraints of quantitative literalism so as to increase the precision of expression, he did so. 2. Comparison of earlier with later mss. shows that these characteristics are to be found not only in the work of the translator, but also in the work of later editors: those Peshitta. the to evidently editingt:' mss. valued presentational style sufficiently impose it on the text even though they knew that by so doing they were likely to lessenthe correspondencebetween that text and the Hebrew Vorlage. 3. -
VOL 36, ISSUE 3 on Race and Colonialism WELCOME to THIS EDITION of ANVIL
ANVIL Journal of Theology and Mission Faultlines in Mission: Reflections VOL 36, ISSUE 3 on Race and Colonialism WELCOME TO THIS EDITION OF ANVIL ANVIL: Journal of Theology and Mission Lusa Nsenga-Ngoy VOL 36, ISSUE 3 2 ANVIL: JOURNAL OF THEOLOGY AND MISSION – VOLUME 36: ISSUE 3 THE EDITORIAL While it is premature to assess the legacy of this year in history, we can certainly agree that 2020 has brought to the fore the imperative need to revisit the past, paying particular attention to societal and systemic fractures adversely impacting the lives of many around the globe. In the wake of George Floyd’s murder, millions of people took to the streets of our cities demanding radical change, and calling for the toppling of an old order and its symbols of power, objectification and commodification. This issue of Anvil is inspired by a willingness to Harvey Kwiyani’s article offers us a crystal-clear view of offer an introspective response to this global wave how white privilege and white supremacy have provided of protest calling for racial justice and asking with the buttresses for empire and have made mission in insistence whether black lives do indeed matter in our their own image. To illustrate this, he movingly weaves societies and institutions. It felt imperative to ask the his own story from his childhood in Malawi to living in question of Church Mission Society and its particular George Floyd’s city of Minneapolis to now forming part contribution to the subject both in its distant and more of the tiny minority of black and brown people who contemporary history. -
ENARRATIO Barnhouse Vol6 P
Pictorial Exegesis in the Illustrated Old English Hexateuch Rebecca Barnhouse The pictures in the Illustrated Old English Hexateuch were probably read in a number of wa:ys, on a number of levels, by audiences of a variety of backgrounds. In the British Library's 1997 exhibit, "The Heirs of Rome," Michelle Brown and Leslie Webster note the various levels of interpretation narrative images can inspire, "from the delib erations and intellectual game-playing of their ecclesiastical authors, through their explanation to the devout, to straightforward veneration by the faithful." One way in which the Hexateuch pictures function is to provide exegetical clues and connections between the Old and New Testaments. Danielou remarks that we should look for "types of the Sacra ments" not only in exegesis, but also in pictorial iconography., Weitzmann and Kessler demonstrate how pictorial exegesis works in the fifth or sixth-century Cotton Genesis, whose illustrators, "while affirming the Genesis story ... also found hidden meanings in it. ... By imposing Christian topoi on the story of Genesis, they controlled and gave meaning to the narrative.", More recently, Verkerk has shown that the miniatures in the late sixth-century Ashburnham Pentateuch "incorporate references to contemporary liturgical ceremonies" in or der to convey "the typological meaning of Exodus for a Christian com munity."• The artists of the Hexateuch include similar anachronistic liturgical details, in addition to other visual connectors between the Old and New Testaments. They have, at times, included extra-textual commentaries, adding their own brand of pictorial exegesis to the il lustrations of the first six books of the Old Testament. -
PESHITTA INSTITUTE COMMUNICATION XVI TOWARDS an EDITION of the SYRIAC VERSION of the OLD TESTAMENT 1) Introduction Who Is Intere
PESHITTA INSTITUTE COMMUNICATION XVI TOWARDS AN EDITION OF THE SYRIAC VERSION OF THE OLD TESTAMENT 1) Introduction Who is interested in an edition of the Syriac version of the Old Testament? 1. Those who study the philology and linguistics of the Syriac language, because of the importance of the version as part of the literature from early times. 2. Those who study manuscripts, the script, the dates, the origin and the connection of one with another. 3. Those who study the history of the Syriac-speaking churches, their liturgy and the function of the Bible in patristic literature. 4. Those who study textual and exegetical subjects of the Old Testament. It would be ideal to entrust the preparation of an edition to people competent in all the various aspects of the subject. It is a matter of fact, however, that the Peshitta Committee of the International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament failed to realize such a reasonable demand. Most of the collaborators in the project are students of the Old Testament looking for a trustworthy tool for the study of the Hebrew Bible, for which we need the help of the ancient versions because the transmission of the Hebrew text is poor and known almost entirely from late manuscripts. First, I shall examine attempts to obtain a more balanced and objective view of the problems involved, and I shall sketch the main lines of research in the past century. Secondly, I shall report, in connection with the outline of the progress of research, on the edition that is in the course of publication.