A Review of the Chinese Species of the Genus Picromerus Amyot and Serville, with Description of a New Species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae)
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Zootaxa 3613 (2): 146–164 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3613.2.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EB206F40-511F-4C56-9E9C-D73049773A30 A review of the Chinese species of the genus Picromerus Amyot and Serville, with description of a new species (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) QING ZHAO, GUOQING LIU & WENJUN BU1 Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China 1Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Six species of the genus Picromerus Amyot and Serville from China were reported, in which, Picromerus elevatus sp. nov. from Yunnan province, was described as new to science. Drawings and photographs of genital characters, photo- graphs of imagoes in dorsal and ventral views, and some diagnostic characters were provided, together with a detailed key to the six species occurring in China. The type specimens were deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Nankai Univer- sity, Tianjin, China, except noted. Key words: Heteroptera, Asopinae, Picromerus, new species, review, China Introduction Picromerus is a well-known genus of the predaceous subfamily Asopinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), with most of the included species occurring in the Palaearctic Region, some extending to Oriental Region. The genus was erected by Amyot and Serville (1843). Prior to this study, ten species of Picromerus have been recorded worldwide, of which five species occurring in China (Zhang and Lin 2000; Rider and Zheng 2002). The present paper deals with the six species of this genus from China. Picromerus elevatus sp. nov. was described as new, and new distributional information on other species was reported. The imagoes of six species, lateral view of two species, some diagnostic characters, pygophore and paramere of male terminalia were photographed, and detailed keys were provided. The drawings and photos of male terminalia of four of six species were provided for the first time, except that of P. bidens and P. le wi s i by Josifov and Kerzhner (1978) and Nonnaizab et al. (1988). During the study, we found that the pronotal humeral angles of P. le wis i were various (Figs. 20–22), from sharp to obtuse, bifurcate to unbifurcate. But in other species, the pronotal humeral angles were stable. Material and methods Male terminalia were illustrated after treatment with warm 5% NaOH for about 20 min, while female genitalia were illustrated directly. Photographs of imagoes in both dorsal and ventral views were made using a Nikon SMZ1000 microscope equipped with a computer-controlled SPOT RT digital camera and Helicon software. Photographs of male terminalia were made using an OLYMPUS BX53 microscope equipped with a computer- controlled Canon OLYMPUS DP72 digital camera and Cell sens Standard software. All the examined specimens were deposited in the Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China, except noted. The distributional data were referred to Rider and Zheng (2002) and Hsiao et al. (1977). The terminology of aedeagus follows Gapon (2006). 146 Accepted by D Rider: 19 Dec. 2012; published: 8 Feb. 2013 The examined specimens were from five institutes of China, including Nankai University, we mentioned that in the section of specimen examined in the abbreviation form of these institutes. Their abbreviations are as follows: HBUM Hebei University Museum, China JXAU Jiangxi Agriculture University, China SEM Shanghai Entomological Museum, China IOZ Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Taxonomy Genus Picromerus Amyot and Serville, 1843 Picromerus Amyot and Serville, 1843: 84. Type species by monotypy: Cimex bidens Linnaeus, 1758. Dallas,1851: 76; Fieber, 1861: 349; Distant, 1902: 251; Schouteden, 1907: 24; Stichel, 1962: 768; Ahmad et al., 1974: 36; Gapud, 1981: 516; Hsiao et al., 1977: 327; Ahmad, 1990: 75; Thomas, 1994: 191; Péricart, 2010: 210. Cimex subgenus Picromerus Stål, 1867: 497. Diagnosis. Body medium size, somber. Paraclypei subequal to clypeus, not convergent apically. Rostrum robust, the apex passing mesocoxae. Antennomere segment I not reaching apex of head, the second longest, the third and fourth segment subequal. Pronotum with anterolateral margins coarsely dentate, humeral angle sharp or obtuse angulated, bifurcate or unbifurcate. Scutellum without gibbosity. Mesosternum carinate mesially. Metasternum slightly carinate in the middle. Auricle of ostiolar peritreme extending half way to the metapleural margin. Profemur with a small spine subapically, protibia not dilated. Tarsus 3-segmented. The second abdominal sternum with basal spine or not. Males with or without glandular patches on abdominal venter. Male terminalia. Pygophore cup-like, wider than long, lateroposterior angle short and rounded; dorsoposterior rim concave, medial notch situated below its ventroposterior rim, with sparse setae and two parandria; ventroposterior rim sinuated, with a medial notch and dense long setae, in ventral view, the venter decorated with deep punctures, and a concave situated at the center of subapex of venter, with some long setae. Paramere wide in basal part, with an inner branch; apex of paramere narrow and hooked; the inner branch short and obtuse, directed lateroposteriorly. Aedeagus with an apical conjunctival lobe, bifurcate apically or not, and with one pair of basolateral conjunctival lobes, each with two branches or not. Median penial plates strongly sclerotized, united in base. Vesica obvious or not. Female genitalia. First gonocoxites large, plate-like, posterior margins straight or slightly sinuate. Sternite ten large but not passing beyond fused eighth paratergites and slightly concave in posterior margin. The eighth paratergite subtriangular. Apices of ninth paratergites as long as those of eighth paratergites. Key to the species of Picromerus Amyot and Serville from China 1 Pronotal humeral angle sharp angulated, with a subapical prominence or tooth and same color as the pronotal disc. 2 - Pronotal humeral angle obtuse angulated, without a subapical prominence or tooth, color different from disc . 5 2 Connexivum entirely black; the apex of humeral angle with an obvious tooth (Fig. 23); body dorsum black, hardly with yellow spots; membrane passing the end of abdomen slightly; aedeagus with one pair of basolateral conjunctival lobes, proximal branch small, short, membranous; distal branch long, narrow, with sclerotized apex; apical conjunctival lobe short and bifur- cate, stretch out from apical part of theca (Fig. 59) . P. griseus - Connexivum black and yellow, humeral angle slightly bifurcate, posterior branch only a prominence (e.g. Fig. 24). 3 3 The anterolateral margin of pronotum with a broad yellow-white margin, anterior branch of pronotal humeral angle very long and the apex slightly curved (Fig. 24); head above and beneath, anterolateral pronotal submargin, incisures of connexivum and ventral surface of pronotal humeral angles, lateral area of sternum more or less marked with metallic-green shades . .P. viridipunctatus - The anterolateral margin of pronotum without such broad yellow-white margin, nearly same color with other part of pronotum . 4 4 Buccula relatively narrow, outer margin straight, with 2–3 rows of punctures (Fig. 13, arrow noted); lateral sides of the ventral abdomen evenly scattered with finely black spots, not formed into black belts (Fig. 15); paramere slim and long, apex hooked and sharp(Figs. 37, 52); aedeagus with one pair of basolateral conjunctival lobes, proximal branch small, short, membranous; REVIEW OF PICROMERUS FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3613 (2) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 147 distal branch long, narrow and with sclerotized apex; apical conjunctival lobe long, bifurcate (Fig. 57) . .P. bidens - Buccula relatively broad, outer margin curved, with 4–6 rows of punctures (Fig. 14, as arrow noted); lateral sides of the ventral abdomen with series of black spots, sometimes formed into black belts (Fig. 16,); paramere wide in basal part, apex hooked and digitiform (Fig. 38, 53); aedeagus with one pair of basolateral conjunctival lobes, proximal branch small, semicircled; dis- tal branch long, narrow and with sclerotized apex; apical conjunctival lobe long and bifurcate, stretch out from apical part of theca obviously (Fig. 58). P. lewisi 5 Head black, center with a broad mesial yellow-brown band, including clypeus and vertex, continuing to base of head; antero- lateral pronotal margins thick, with sparse, obtuse tooth; the calli outlined in black, with some black irregular short band radi- ating backward; dorsal surface of body intumescent, not flat (Fig. 17); humeral angles black, shortly porrect (Fig. 25) . P. fasciaticeps - Head yellowish uniformly; anterolateral pronotal margins relatively thin and with small obtuse teeth; the back margin of calli outlined in black unclearly; dorsal surface of body flat, not intumescent (Fig. 18); humeral angles elevated, pale and long (Fig. 26) . P. elevatus sp. nov. Picromerus bidens (Linnaeus, 1758) Figs. 1, 2, 13, 15, 19, 27, 32, 37, 42, 47, 52, 57, 62 Cimex bidens Linnaeus, 1758: 443. Cimex bilobus Schrank, 1781: 268. (syn. Schrank, 1782: 277) Picromerus fuscoannulatus Stål, 1858: 176. (syn. Kerzhner, 1964: 367) Picromerus longicollis Jakovlev, 1902: 335. (syn. Kerzhner, 1964:367, with fuscoannulatus) Male terminalia: Pygophore (Figs. 27, 32, 42, 47) with dorsoposterior