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Implementation of Selected Osce Human Dimension Commitments in Austria

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Implementation of Selected Osce Human Dimension Commitments in Austria [Geben Sie Text ein] IMPLEMENTATION OF SELECTED OSCE HUMAN DIMENSION COMMITMENTS IN AUSTRIA INDEPENDENT EVALUATION REPORT ON THE OCCASION OF THE AUSTRIAN OSCE CHAIRMANSHIP 2017 European Training and Research Centre for Human Rights and Democracy 1 Independent Evaluation Report OSCE Chairmanship Austria 2017 Publisher European Training and Research Centre for Human Rights and Democracy (ETC) Elisabethstraße 50B 8010 Graz Austria www.etc-graz.at The ETC contributes to the implementation of the international human rights agenda with a focus on the Agenda 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals. The ETC promotes the enjoyment of human rights and addresses all stakeholders with a priority on local, regional and national authorities. The ETC aims at achieving this goal by research, capacity-building, clearing-housing and international cooperation. Editor European Training and Research Centre for Human Rights and Democracy Markus Möstl, Klaus Starl Research Team Markus Möstl, Simone Philipp, Lisa Heschl, Isabella Meier Print Austrian Federal Ministry of the Interior November 2017 2 Independent Evaluation Report OSCE Chairmanship Austria 2017 Table of Contents List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 7 Introduction to the Report .................................................................................................. 9 Topic 1: The Application of International Standards for the Prevention of Torture by the Austrian National Preventive Mechanism with a Focus on the Treatment of Prisoners 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................11 2. OSCE commitments .....................................................................................................12 3. Structural aspects of the NPM ......................................................................................13 3.1. Legal framework governing the work of the NPM ...................................................13 3.2. The preventive mandate of the NPM ......................................................................14 3.3. Institutional setup and composition of the NPM ......................................................16 4. Procedural aspects of the NPM ....................................................................................17 4.1. Formal aspects of implementation ..........................................................................17 4.1.1. NPM budget ........................................................................................................17 4.1.2. NPM personnel ...................................................................................................18 4.1.3. Number of NPM visits to detention facilities 2014-2016 ......................................18 4.1.4. Average duration of NPM visits ...........................................................................18 4.2. Substantive aspects of implementation ..................................................................18 4.2.1. Standards applied by the NPM for its monitoring ................................................18 4.2.2. When does the NPM apply standards for its monitoring? ....................................22 4.2.3. How does the NPM address substantive gaps in the standards? ........................22 5. Outcome-related aspects of the NPM ...........................................................................23 5.1. Assessments in reports by the CAT .......................................................................23 5.2. Assessments in reports by the SPT ........................................................................24 5.3. Assessments in reports by the CPT .......................................................................24 5.4. Results achieved by the NPM ................................................................................25 5.4.1. Impact of standards in practice ...........................................................................25 5.4.1.1. Guidance for the amendment/adoption of laws ........................................25 5.4.1.2. Guidance for the formulation of regulations ..............................................26 5.4.1.3. Guidance for judgements .........................................................................27 5.4.1.4. Guidance for the interpretation of national law .........................................27 5.4.1.5. De facto on-site effects .............................................................................28 5.4.2. NPM recommendations implemented by the competent authorities ....................28 6. Evaluation .....................................................................................................................29 7. Recommendations by Civil Society Organizations ........................................................30 3 Independent Evaluation Report OSCE Chairmanship Austria 2017 Topic 2: Hate-Crime, Religious Intolerance, Extremism and Preventive Human Rights Education Measures 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................31 2. Relevant normative framework .....................................................................................32 2.1. OSCE commitments ...............................................................................................32 2.2. Legal framework in Austria .....................................................................................33 2.2.1. Hate crime ...................................................................................................33 2.2.2. Religious (in-)tolerance ................................................................................34 2.2.3. Extremism ...................................................................................................34 2.2.4. Human rights education ...............................................................................35 3. Implementation of international and national obligations ...............................................35 3.1. Hate crime ..............................................................................................................35 3.2. Religious intolerance ..............................................................................................38 3.2.1. Hate crimes based on religious intolerance..................................................38 3.2.2. Religious intolerance towards Muslims ........................................................38 3.2.3. Interreligious dialogue ..................................................................................38 3.3. Extremism ..............................................................................................................39 3.3.1. Citizens rejecting public authority (“Staatsverweigerer”)...............................40 3.3.2. Religiously motivated and violent extremism/terrorism .................................41 3.3.3. (De-)Radicalisation in the penitentiary system .............................................42 3.4. Monitoring and support centres ..............................................................................43 4. Success in implementation ...........................................................................................44 4.1. Hate crime ..............................................................................................................44 4.1.1. Hate crime against LGBTI persons ..............................................................45 4.1.2. Deleting of illegal online content ..................................................................46 4.2. Religious (in-)tolerance ..........................................................................................46 4.2.1. Anti-Semitism ..............................................................................................46 4.2.2. Islamophobia ...............................................................................................47 4.3. Extremism ..............................................................................................................48 4.3.1. Right-wing extremism ..................................................................................48 4.3.2. Left-wing extremism .....................................................................................49 4.3.3. Religiously motivated extremism ..................................................................50 4.3.4. Citizens rejecting public authority (“Staatsverweigerer”)...............................51 5. Human Rights Education on hate crime, religious (in-)tolerance and extremism ...........52 5.1. International and national obligations .....................................................................52 5.2. International materials ............................................................................................53 5.3. Austrian educational materials ...............................................................................55 5.4. Offers for specific professional groups ....................................................................55 5.4.1. Police/judiciary .............................................................................................55 5.4.2. Politics/administration ..................................................................................57 5.4.3. Pedagogical professions/multipliers .............................................................57
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