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Revue De Presse « Défense » Date : 4 Février 2015 Revue de presse « Défense » (contact : [email protected]) Votre avis nous intéresse : si vous voulez réagir à un article de la Revue de presse, vous pouvez soit contacter directement le responsable de thème de Défense soit réagir en adressant un courriel à l’adresse indiquée ci-dessus. L’équipe de la Revue de presse Défense vous remercie de votre confiance et de votre intérêt pour son travail, toutes vos suggestions sont les bienvenues. Cette revue de presse paraît désormais sur le site de l’UNION-IHEDN, à l’adresse : http://www.union-ihedn.org/ Le 4 février 1945 s’ouvre la conférence de Yalta Date : 4 février 2015 Sommaire des articles proposés 1) Enjeux de la Défense, Doctrine, Concepts, Missions : L’Agence du numérique prend forme Une unité militaire française chargée de contrer la propagande jihadiste sur Internet 2) Relations internationales - Europe de la défense - OTAN : L’Union Africaine réfléchit à une action antiterroriste conjointe L’Allemagne avertit la Grèce : la Russie, ce n’est pas votre affaire Espace : l’Estonie a adhéré à la convention de l’ESA 3) Armements - Industries - Économie : En Chine, les capitaux tentés par la porte de sortie Un rapport de la marine brésilienne est favorable à l’achat du TCD Siroco Merkel promeut l’industrie allemande en Australie Thalès fournira le logiciel du système de gestion de vol des hélicoptères Black Hawk UH-60V de l’US ARMY 4) Les forces armées - Air - Marine - Terre - Gendarmerie : Boko Haram : l’aviation française effectue des vols de reconnaissance près du Nigeria Libération et commémoration Arromanches : coopération bilatérale avec l’Arabie saoudite Drone Reaper : première réunion du groupe des utilisateurs 5) Zones de conflits : Boko Haram : l’armée tchadienne prend le contrôle de Gamboru Après le Cameroun, Boko Haram menace le Niger Daesh se délocalise en Libye Somalie : un chef Shebab visé par une attaque américaine 6) Renseignements et menaces : Venezuela : une chaîne de magasins réquisitionnée pour cause de « guerre alimentaire contre le peuple » Un million de drones civils dans le monde cette année Armer l’Ukraine ? le risque de l’escalade La France doit rembourser les sommes versées si elle n’a pas l’intention de livrer les Mistral, estime un député russe. 7) Sécurité intérieure : Blocage des sites provoquant à des actes de terrorisme ou en faisant l’apologie et des sites diffusant des images et représentations de mineurs à caractère pornographique 8) Énergie environnement climat : Santé, transport, chauffage : les mesures pour l’environnement du gouvernement La première fortune chinoise est issue des énergies renouvelables In Salah : la catastrophe écologique a déjà eu lieu 9) Géopolitique de la culture : Les terroristes de Daesh détruisent des œuvres et des livres antiques : les « Hulagu » des temps modernes ! La ligue du Nord contre les mosquées (Italie) 10) Géopolitique de l’information : Objets connectés santé : l’Ordre des médecins veut une régulation France Connect : une clé de voûte pour l’Etat plateforme (tribune) ARM Cortex –A – 72 : les smartphones embarqueront 16 cœurs 64 bits à 3Ghz Les téléphones mobiles classiques font de la résistance Alerte aux faux jeux mais vrais Adwares sur Android et Google Play 11) Jour après Jour : le 4 février 12) Revue de presse internationale en langue étrangère : White House Wants More Reaper Drones To Fight ISIS UN Replaces Gaza Inquiry Chief Pentagon asks for more funds for high-tech weapons The Islamic State’s offensive in Iraq: can tribal unity prevail in the al-Anbar province? Analysis : The Philippines’Naval Build Up Ashton B Carter expected to win easy approval as new US defense secretary 13) Liste d’articles non retenus mais pouvant être consultés sur demande. ***** Votre avis nous intéresse : si vous voulez réagir à un article de la Revue de presse, vous pouvez contacter directement le responsable de la revue, en adressant un courriel à : [email protected], ou au webmaster du site « union-ihedn.org ». 1/ ENJEUX DE LA DEFENSE - DOCTRINE - CONCEPTS – MISSIONS THEME 1 - 1 : L’Agence du numérique prend forme Source, journal ou site Internet : ZDnet Date 4 février 2015 Auteurs : Louis Adam Adressé par Elie Billaudaz Initialement promise pour 2014 puis repoussée à 2015, l’Agence du Numérique voit enfin le jour avec la publication ce matin au JO du décret officiel de création. La mise en place de cette nouvelle institution fait écho à un vœu de simplification de la part du gouvernement qui tente de regrouper sous une même chapelle plusieurs entités préexistantes. Le décret précise ainsi que trois initiatives seront dorénavant chapeauté par cette agence : le plan France Très Haut Débit, l’initiative French Tech ainsi que les missions assurées par la délégation aux usages de l’Internet. Budget minime ? Selon La Tribune, le budget alloué à cette nouvelle agence est assez minime : le site avance une enveloppe inférieure à un million d’euros pour des effectifs d’environ 40 personnes. Le décret précise que l’agence est placée sous la coupe du ministère de l’économie et plus précisément rattaché à la direction générale des entreprises. Outre les missions THD et French Tech, l’Agence aura aussi un rôle « d’impulsion, d’animation et d’accompagnement des projets et des initiatives numériques. » Ses missions seront fixées par la ministre chargé du numérique, qui nommera également le directeur de l’agence. L’Agence récupère la mission initialement dévolue à la « délégation aux usages de l’Internet », dont le décret de création est du même coup abrogé. Cette délégation crée en 2003 avait pour objectif de favoriser « la diffusion des outils numériques et le développement de leur usage auprès de la population » L’Agence se veut une interface transversale entre différents ministères et collectivités qui pourraient avoir besoin d’un soutien dans la mise en place et le déploiement de projets opérationnels relatifs au numérique. THEME 1 - 2 : Une unité militaire française chargée de contrer la propagande jihadiste sur Internet Source, journal ou site Internet : Zone Militaire Date : 4 février 2015 Auteur : Laurent Lagneau Adressé par Jean-François Mazaleyrat Afin de contrer la propagande terroriste via Internet et de donner des éléments d’informations sur les processus de radicalisation et d’embrigadement, le gouvernement a mis en ligne, la semaine dernière, le site « stop-djihadisme.gouv.fr« , avec en page d’accueil une vidéo destinée à contrer le discours jihadiste en s’appuyant sur des images violentes. Seulement, cette initiative n’a visiblement pas obtenu les résultats attendus. Du moins pour le moment. Ainsi, le message de ce site a été immédiatement détourné par la mouvance jihadiste sur les réseaux sociaux. Dans les colonnes du Figaro, le journaliste David Thomson, qui connaît très bien ce milieu, a d’ailleurs estimé que « montrer brutalement la violence de l’État islamique est assez contre-productif: pour des gens endoctrinés, cette violence est juste et légitime, et les exactions, fussent-elles monstrueuses, sont justifiées dans la mesure où elles punissent les ennemis de la cause ». Et d’ajouter : « Pour ces jeunes, souvent adeptes de la théorie du complot, tout ce qui vient du gouvernement est frappé du sceau du mensonge ou de la manipulation ». En clair, mettre en ligne un site de contre-propagande est loin d’être suffisant. Pour qu’il soit efficace, il faut qu’il ait, par exemple, une certaine audience et que son contenu soit repris sur les réseaux sociaux. Cela étant, la vidéo qui s’affiche à l’ouverture du site, hébergée par DailyMotion, a été partagée 16.000 fois sur Facebook et seulement à 1.231 reprises sur Twitter. Au vu de la publicité qui en a été faite, ces chiffres pourraient être meilleurs. Pour contrer la propagande jihadiste, il faut mettre les mains dans le camboui, c’est à dire aller porter la contradiction sur les réseaux sociaux, qui restent le terrain d’action privilégié des terroristes pour recruter. Et c’est justement la mission qui a été confiée à une unité de l’armée française, dont l’existence, jusqu’à présent confidentielle, a été révélée par Le Monde et Europe1, ce 4 février (même si le hasard fait bien les choses, il semblerait qu’il y ait eu une volonté de communiquer à son sujet…). La mission de cette unité, implantée à Lyon et issue du Centre interarmées d’actions dans l’environnement (CIAE), créé en 2012 après le rapprochement entre le Groupement interamées des actions civilo-militaires (GIACM) et du Groupement des opérations militaires d’influence (GOMI), consiste donc à infiltrer la « jihadosphère » en opérant sous de fausses identités. Il s’agit ainsi de recueillir des renseignements, de comprendre les mécanismes d’embrigadement et, le cas échéant, d’empêcher les recrutements en « déconstruisant » le discours jihadiste. En cas d’échec, une interpellation de la recrue potentielle est alors envisagée et toutes les informations collectées sont alors transmises aux services concernés. Pour le quotidien Le Monde, cette « cellule de contre-propagande monte en charge, avec une priorité : les jeunes séduits par la communication djihadiste, potentiels candidats au départ pour combattre en Syrie, en Irak ou ailleurs ». Et le journal de souligner que « face à l’État islamique, l’armée française renoue ainsi avec des pratiques ultrasensibles. L’expérience en la matière est douloureuse : les dernières opérations de contre-propagande massive ont été déployées pendant la guerre d’Algérie ». L’activité de cette « cellule » relève des opérations dites d’influence, conceptualisées dans le DIA – 3.10.1 publié en mars 2008 par le Centre interarmées de concepts, de doctrines et d’expérimentations (CICDE). « Dans un monde globalisé où l’information est un moyen d’action privilégié de toute gestion de crise, la crédibilité des forces s’acquiert et se maintient aussi grâce à leur aptitude à agir au plus tôt, au bon niveau, dans un vaste domaine psychologique, tout en interdisant, sinon limitant cette possibilité à l’adversaire.
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