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Words Teaching Othering in Education Using “X-MEN” Movie Journal of English Literature, Linguistic, and Education Vol. 1 No. 1, Tahun 2020, Halaman (28-31) e-ISSN: 2721-3390 Words Teaching Othering In Education Using “X-MEN” Movie Susanto, Dwi Ario Fajar Universitas Pekalongan, Pekalongan, Indonesia [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Teaching abstract concept in literature like othering to English students can be challenging for it is difficult for students to visualize and relate to their reality. Using popular movie can help them visualize the concept lively. Popular science fiction movie like X-Men is not merely imaginative and full of fantasy; it also has relevant issue on concept of othering in Education. Therefore, instead of using it as means of teaching English skill, it can also be used as mean of helping students easily to understand difficult and abstract concept especially about othering in education. Deconstruction method and theory of movie for ELT is explored to describe othering in X-Men movie and how to the use of X-Men film as the mean to teach othering in education.It is found that X-Men provided critics of othering in education represented by negative views and different treatments to mutantsin field of education. The practices of othering were in form of discourses like seeing mutants as abnormal, a threat to normal people, and diseases needed curing and they were not allowed to go to normal school. To present the othering concept in X-Men, the lesson session were divided into three parts; previewing, viewing and post viewing. Keywords: X-Men, movie for ELT, othering in education Abstrak Abstrak ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia yang ditulis miring. Abstrak terdiri latar belakang, metode penelitian, hasil dan/atau pembahasan, dan kesimpulan Jumlah kata dalam abstrak maksimal 250 kata Kata kunci: ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia. Jumlah maksimal kata kunci adalah 5. 28 Journal of English Literature, Linguistic, and Education Vol. 1 No. 1, Tahun 2020, Halaman (28-31) e-ISSN: 2721-3390 INTRODUCTION Marvel X-Men stories contain philosophical Learning literary theory aims as a tool for values and concepts that can be used as analyzing literature. The use of literary learning media. Gerde & Foster (2011) uses theory to analyze literary works produces X-Men comics to teach business ethics. deeper analysis. However, the teaching of While Zingsheim (2011) revealed the abstract literary theory requires innovative concepts of subjectivity and identity in the methods and learning media so that students X-Men film. Fisher (2005) found that X- easily understand it. One of the right media Men is an interesting representation of used to help students understand abstract boundaries between humans and animals concepts in literary theory is to use popular which is sometimes confusing. films. Popular movies are effective learning To adopt popular movies in media because: teaching, there are some steps. Russell III & 1. popular movies are ideological texts that Waters (2014) create model for using film in represent popular culture. teaching which consists of four stage; they 2. popular movies contain abstract are 1) the preparing stage, 2) the previewing philosophy or concepts. stage, 3) watching the film stage/ viewing, X-Men is one of the popular movies that and 4) the culminating activity stage/ post can be used as a medium for learning literary viewing. theory. X-men told about discrimination against mutants because of differences in METHODS their appearance and abilities. In one of the This research is development research. In episodes of X-Men: The Last Stand, this study, X-Men Film was developed into discrimination against mutants is learning materials for English language and represented in the human effort to "treat" literature. To use X-Men films for learning them so that they become ordinary people about othering concepts, first of all, X-Men: and deprive their superpower abilities. The Last Stand is described using the One of the concepts of literary theory that deconstruction method. In this can be taught through X-Men films is the deconstruction method, the binary concept of othering. Othering is to look opposition in the X-Men: The Last Stand down on people because they think they are film is exposed. Then, each side of the not part of themselves or their groups. binary opposition is shown which has Othering arises from the binary opposition privilege and which is marginalized. The "I vs Other" whereas "I" is considered to be results of other identification in the X-Man: higher than "Other". in the film X-Men: The The Last Stand movie are then arranged in a Last Stand, the concept of othering is learning step in the lesson plan: pre-view, reflected in the binary opposition between view, and post-view. Finally, the lesson plan "human vs mutant" was tested in class. LITERATURE REVIEW FINDINGS Popular films offer great potential for A. Binary Opposition learning. Champoux (1999) states that film In the film X-Man: The Last Stand, there are can improve the quality of learning that is binary opposition as follows different from other media. Giroux (2008) Binary Opposition considers Hollywood films as public Human Mutant pedagogy because it is an embodiment of Normal Abnormal the dominant culture legitimized through a Good Health Disease process of audience identification. Morrell Security Threat / Danger (2002) even states that popular culture can be used as a means to deconstruct dominant From the binary opposition above, the ideologies and challenge oppressive othering practices in the film are practices. conceptualized as follows. 29 Journal of English Literature, Linguistic, and Education Vol. 1 No. 1, Tahun 2020, Halaman (28-31) e-ISSN: 2721-3390 1. Mutant As Abnormal 3. Mutant as danger for human In the film X-Men: The Last Stand, mutants Super mutant ability is not considered as differ from humans in genetic terms. extraordinary potential but a threat to Mutants are humans undergoing genetic humans. Humans are threatened by the mutations due to various things including presence of mutants whose powers are due to human laboratory experiments beyond the control of ordinary humans. themselves. However, this difference is Mutants are considered enemies because of precisely the reason humans consider the refusal of government programs that mutants to be abnormal humans. Humans force mutants to be "treated" as human are generally considered a standard of beings. The government even uses military normality while mutants are a deviation force to capture and dissolve special schools from that normality. for mutants such as schools led by Professor As a result, humans look down on mutants X. because they are not considered to be whole human beings. There is a deficiency in B. Teaching Othering in Classroom mutants that makes them lower than To teach the concept of othering in class, humans. Moreover, many mutants have the X-Men: The Last Stand film was cut in appearances such as wild animals such as several parts / scenes. Each stretch of a lions, or other strange forms. maximum of 10 minutes contains about the Therefore, being a mutant is a bad choice, practice of othering in the X-Men film. there is no good in it so it should mutant 1. Pre-viewing follow the "healing" program organized by In the previewing activity, the teacher the government. introduces the main plot of the X-Men film: Mr. Worthington : Everything’s going to be fine. The Last Stand to give students an idea of Warren : Wait, I can’t do this. the film's story. In addition, students are Mr. Worthington : Yes you can. Just relax son. given an exercise sheet to find binary Take it easy, calm down. I promise you it will be opposition or conflicting parties in the film fine Warren, relax.(Warren breaks away from the and characterization of the hostile parties. bond) 2. Viewing Mr. Worthington : Warren it’s a better life, it’s At the viewing stage, X-Men: The Last what we all want. Stand is played and the students are filmed. Warren : No, it’s what you want. When students watch, they work on the exercise sheet that has been distributed. 2. Mutant as a disease 3. Post-viewing In the film X-Men: The Last Stand, physical At this stage, the lecturer discusses the differences and super mutant abilities are results of student answers. The lecturer considered a disease that must be cured. guides students to understand the concept Therefore, drugs in the form of specially of othering by giving real examples in film. made to mutant like ordinary humans and lose their superhuman strength. CONCLUSION Dr. Hank : A major pharmacentical Popular films have great potential as a company has developed a mutant antibody. A way learning medium because besides many to suppresed the mutant gene. people like popular films, they also offer Wolverine : Suppress? ideological texts and abstract philosophy / Dr. Hank : Permanently. They calling it a concepts. Therefore, popular films can be cure. used to explain abstraction concepts taught Storm : That’s ridiculous. You can’t cure a in literary courses. mutant. X-Men: The Last Stand can be used as a Dr. Hank : Scientifically speaking... medium to explain about othering concepts Storm : When did we become a disease? in literary theory. In learning othering concepts, the X-Men: The Last Stand film 30 Journal of English Literature, Linguistic, and Education Vol. 1 No. 1, Tahun 2020, Halaman (28-31) e-ISSN: 2721-3390 was cut in several clips containing othering of Media Arts and Cultural concepts. The selected clip is then presented Criticism, Vol. 35 No. in the lesson. 5, March/April 2008; (pp. 7 13) DOI: 10.1525/aft.2008.35.5.7 Jason Zingsheim (2011) X-Men Evolution: REFERENCES Mutational Identity and Shifting Subjectivities, Howard Journal of Champoux, J.
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