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Reshaping a Tradition. Founding the Habsburg-Lorraine Dynastic State in the 18Th Century
Исторические исследования www.historystudies.msu.ru _____________________________________________________________________________ Лебо К. Reshaping a tradition. Founding the Habsburg-Lorraine dynastic state in the 18th century Аннотация: В статье исследуются компоненты власти в композитарной монархии Габсбургов и конструирование политической легитимности посредством управленческих практик, сочинений, речей и изображений. Монархия Габсбургов в XVIII в. не представляла собой однородного целого, объединяя территории с различной степенью интеграции. Выборность корон и их переходы от одной ветви рода к другой создавали сложную ситуацию, в которой Габсбургам удавалось утвердить свое господство, сочетая следование традиции и изменения. Административные реформы поддерживались символическим дискурсом. Династический дискурс пришел на смену истории правящего дома и стал способом утвердить принцип государственного интереса. Власть династии была основана на доминировании над территорией. Новые вертикальные связи исходили от Марии Терезии, распространяя ее господство за пределы владений Австрийского дома. На своих более чем двухстах портретах Мария Терезия всегда изображалась с регалиями, вид которых варьировался в зависимости от места, где картина должна была находиться, с тем, чтобы подчеркнуть своеобразие каждой территории и единство монархии, связь между правителем и подвластной территорией. Ключевые слова: династическое государство, дом Габсбургов, империя, институциональные реформы, композитарная монархия, наследственная монархия, символический -
Morina on Forner, 'German Intellectuals and the Challenge of Democratic Renewal: Culture and Politics After 1945'
H-German Morina on Forner, 'German Intellectuals and the Challenge of Democratic Renewal: Culture and Politics after 1945' Review published on Monday, April 18, 2016 Sean A. Forner. German Intellectuals and the Challenge of Democratic Renewal: Culture and Politics after 1945. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. xii +383 pp. $125.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-1-107-04957-4. Reviewed by Christina Morina (Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena) Published on H-German (April, 2016) Commissioned by Nathan N. Orgill Envisioning Democracy: German Intellectuals and the Quest for Democratic Renewal in Postwar German As historians of twentieth-century Germany continue to explore the causes and consequences of National Socialism, Sean Forner’s book on a group of unlikely affiliates within the intellectual elite of postwar Germany offers a timely and original insight into the history of the prolonged “zero hour.” Tracing the connections and discussions amongst about two dozen opponents of Nazism, Forner explores the contours of a vibrant debate on the democratization, (self-) representation, and reeducation of Germans as envisioned by a handful of restless, self-perceived champions of the “other Germany.” He calls this loosely connected intellectual group a network of “engaged democrats,” a concept which aims to capture the broad “left” political spectrum they represented--from Catholic socialism to Leninist communism--as well as the relative openness and contingent nature of the intellectual exchange over the political “renewal” of Germany during a time when fixed “East” and “West” ideological fault lines were not quite yet in place. Forner enriches the already burgeoning historiography on postwar German democratization and the role of intellectuals with a profoundly integrative analysis of Eastern and Western perspectives. -
The Habsburg Monarchy Makes Peace (1606)
Volume 1. From the Reformation to the Thirty Years War, 1500-1648 Rebels and Ottomans – The Habsburg Monarchy Makes Peace (1606) War and peace between the Ottoman sultans and the Holy Roman emperors was a major strand of Imperial history from the Ottomans’ first invasion of Hungary in 1526 to their decisive defeat at Imperial hands in Vienna in 1683. In contested Hungary, there were alternating periods of serious campaigning (1526-47, 1593-1606, 1663-83) and long, negotiated truces (1547-93, 1606-63). In its early phase, this contest played a significant role in the Protestant Reformation, for it provided the Protestant princes with a tactic that became a policy: no taxes without concessions on religion. During the next decades, some saw the Ottoman threat as a more or less welcome Habsburg problem, others as a threat to the Empire. Financial and symbolic goods played an important role in this rhythm. For example, the peace of 1547, which was renewed in 1562 and 1590, contained passages in which the Holy Roman emperor acknowledged the Ottoman overlordship of Hungary and agreed to pay the sultans 30,000 Venetian ducats per year in tribute. Between major campaigns, the respective positions were held by two heavily fortified systems of defense. On the Habsburg side, the defensive line was called “the military frontier” and was manned by Croats, Vlachs, and Serbs who were both free farmers and resident warriors. Trading across the frontier was a reality, but so were raids in strength, which sometimes presaged major outbreaks of all-out war. One such incident occurred in 1592, when Emperor Rudolph II sent a large force to the front and helped spark the so-called Long War. -
Die Deutsche Misere
Die deutsche Misere Geschichte eines Narrativs Von der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Philosophie genehmigte Dissertation vorgelegt von Sascha Penshorn Berichter: Universitätsprofessor Dr. Drs. h.c. Armin Heinen Universitätsprofessor em. Dr. Helmut König Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 5. März 2018 Diese Dissertation ist auf den Internetseiten der Universitätsbibliothek online verfügbar. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung........................................................................................................................................5 2 Begründung einer Tradition: Grundlagen des Misere-Narrativs im Vormärz..............................22 2.1 "Salto Mortale" Die deutsche Misere als dialektische Figur.................................................22 2.1.1 Faust als mythische Verdichtung deutscher Geschichte................................................22 2.1.2 Hegels Geschichtsphilosophie.......................................................................................25 2.1.3 Der Junghegelianismus..................................................................................................27 2.1.4 "Germanische Urwälder": Das rückständige Deutschland als politische Realität.........29 2.1.5 Die Perspektive des Exils ..............................................................................................33 2.1.6 Die Idee der deutschen Misere bei Heine, Hess, Engels und Marx ..............................34 -
Maturity Status Influences the Relative Age Effect in National Top Level Youth Alpine Ski Racing and Soccer
RESEARCH ARTICLE Maturity status influences the relative age effect in national top level youth alpine ski racing and soccer Lisa MuÈller1*, Christoph Gonaus2, Christoph Perner2, Erich MuÈ ller2, Christian Raschner1 1 Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria, 2 Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria * [email protected] Abstract Since the relative age effect (RAE) characterizes a problem in all age categories of alpine a1111111111 a1111111111 ski racing and soccer and the fact that, yet, to date the underlying factors have not been well a1111111111 investigated, the aim of the present study was to assess the influence of the biological matu- a1111111111 rity status on the RAE among youth alpine ski racers (YSR) and soccer players (SP). a1111111111 In total, 183 male and female YSR selected for national final races and 423 male SP selected for Elite Youth Development Centres were investigated. Additionally, a comparison group of 413 non-athletes was evaluated. The birth months were split into four relative age quarters. The biological maturity status was assessed by the age at peak height velocity OPEN ACCESS (APHV) method; according to the M±SD of the comparison group, the athletes were divided Citation: MuÈller L, Gonaus C, Perner C, MuÈller E, into normal, early and late maturing. Chi2-tests indicated a significant RAE among YSR Raschner C (2017) Maturity status influences the (χ2(3,N = 183) = 18.0; p<0.001; ω = 0.31) and SP (χ2(3,N = 423) = 33.1; p<0.001; ω = 0.28). relative age effect in national top level youth alpine In total, only a small number of late maturing athletes were present (0.5±2.3%). -
Conrad Von Hötzendorf and the “Smoking Gun”: a Biographical Examination of Responsibility and Traditions of Violence Against Civilians in the Habsburg Army 55
1914: Austria-Hungary, the Origins, and the First Year of World War I Günter Bischof, Ferdinand Karlhofer (Eds.) Samuel R. Williamson, Jr. (Guest Editor) CONTEMPORARY AUSTRIAN STUDIES | VOLUME 23 uno press innsbruck university press Copyright © 2014 by University of New Orleans Press, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. All inquiries should be addressed to UNO Press, University of New Orleans, LA 138, 2000 Lakeshore Drive. New Orleans, LA, 70119, USA. www.unopress.org. Printed in the United States of America Design by Allison Reu Cover photo: “In enemy position on the Piave levy” (Italy), June 18, 1918 WK1/ALB079/23142, Photo Kriegsvermessung 5, K.u.k. Kriegspressequartier, Lichtbildstelle Vienna Cover photo used with permission from the Austrian National Library – Picture Archives and Graphics Department, Vienna Published in the United States by Published and distributed in Europe University of New Orleans Press by Innsbruck University Press ISBN: 9781608010264 ISBN: 9783902936356 uno press Contemporary Austrian Studies Sponsored by the University of New Orleans and Universität Innsbruck Editors Günter Bischof, CenterAustria, University of New Orleans Ferdinand Karlhofer, Universität Innsbruck Assistant Editor Markus Habermann -
Years of Austrian Legislation on Islam
YEARS OF AUSTRIAN LEGISLATION ON ISLAM 1878 1912 1918 1945 2012 1294 1330 1336 1364 1433 1295 1337 1434 YEARS OF AUSTRIAN LEGISLATION ON ISLAM an essay by Richard Potz 100 YEARS OF AUSTRIAN LEGISLATION ON ISLAM Koran fragment Parchment, ascribed to the second half of the 9th century and the Abbasid-Tulunid region due to the artistic style of writing and the especially rich ornamentation. Austrian National Library ©ÖNB Content Foreword 7 Minister for Cultural and Religious Affairs Karl Count Stürgkh 9 The background: Austria-Hungary occupies Bosnia 13 The annexation of Bosnia and the Austrian Islam Act 19 The establishment of the Islamic Community in Austria 31 The development of the Islamic Community until the 2010/11 elections 34 Conferences of Imams 38 The future of the Islam Act 41 Imprint 42 5 Foreword By adopting the Islam Act of 1912, Austria created unique conditions for integrat- ing people of Muslim faith in society that are unparalleled in Europe. This early recognition of Islam thus established the basis for an orderly and respectful co- existence. Present-day experience illustrates that the structures that have devel- oped over 100 years and govern the way in which Muslims and the Austrian state cooperate and interact with each other are of decisive benefit in solving inter-faith and inter-cultural issues. The Islam Act of 1912 established the basis for the official recognition of Islam as a religious denomination in Austria. It is a special feature of Austrian law that the granting of legal recognition to a religious community is linked with its recogni- tion as a legal entity under public law. -
University Microfilms, a XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan
71-7579 THIRY, Jr., Alexander George, 1930- REGENCY OF ARCHDUKE FERDINAND, 1521-1531; FIRST HABSBURG ATTEMPT AT CENTRALIZED CONTROL OF GERMANY, The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1970 History, modern University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED REGENCY OF ARCHDUKE FERDINAND, 1521-1531: FIRST HABSBURG ATTEMPT AT CENTRALIZED CONTROL OF GERMANY DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Alexander G. Thiry, B. A., M. A. ****** The Ohio State University 1970 Approved by Iviser Department of History PREFACE For those with professional interest in the Reforma tion era, Ferdinand of the House of Habsburg requires no special introduction here. As the younger and sole brother of Charles V, who was the Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation in the first-half of the sixteenth century, Ferdi nand's place among the list of secular, notables of the pe riod is assured. Singled out in 1521 by his imperial brother to be the Archduke of Austria and to become his personal representative in Germany, attaining the kingships of Bohe mia and Hungary in 1526 and 1527 respectively, and designated, following his brother's abdication and retirement from pub lic life in 1556, to succeed him as emperor of Germany, Fer dinand could not help leaving behind him from such political heights indelible footprints upon the course of history. Yet, probably because of the fragmentation of Ferdi nand's energy into these many various channels of responsi bility and the presence of his illustrious brother, Charles V, and his fanatical nephew, Philip II of Spain, who both eclipsed his own place on the stage of history, Ferdinand's historical significance has been largely overlooked by IX posterity. -
Study on Doping Prevention in Recreational Sport in the EU
Study on Doping Prevention A map of Legal, Regulatory and Prevention Practice Provisions in EU 28 Report Published 12th December 2014 Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2014 978-92-79-43542-3 DOI: 10.2766/86776 © European Union, 2014 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed on process chlorine-free recycled paper (pcf) 2 Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................... 5 Résumé .......................................................................................................... 6 1. Executive Summary ................................................................................. 7 Résumé analytique ......................................................................................... 11 Acknowledgements ......................................................................................... 16 Disclaimer ..................................................................................................... 16 2. Introduction, aims, objectives and methodology of the Study ...................... 17 2.1. Aim of the Study ............................................................................... -
A Few Clerics at Court
Rafferty 1 A Few Clerics at Court Catholic Clergymen in the lay politics and administration of Spain during the reigns of “Los Austrias Mayores”, Charles V/I and Philip II: 1516-1598 Keith Rafferty History Undergraduate Honors Thesis Georgetown University Advisor: Professor Tommaso Astarita, Georgetown University May 9. 2011 Rafferty 2 I authorize the public release of my thesis for anybody who should want to look at it. Rafferty 3 Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Thesis Statement.................................................................................................................................. 8 Organization and Explanation .................................................................................................................. 9 Explanation of Terms .......................................................................................................................... 9 CODOIN ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Spain/The Spanish Empire ......................................................................................................... 11 The Spanish Aristocracy ........................................................................................................... -
Gründung Und Anfänge 1945 - 1951
ARCHIVALIE CDU in der SBZ/DDR Seite: 1 Karton/AO Signatur: 07-011 Datum 1 Gründung und Anfänge 1945 - 1951 1.1 Gründungsaufrufe auch der Landesverbände 1945 2376 - Gründung der CDU 26.06.1945 - 12.1945 Gründungsaufrufe der CDU 1945 Generalsekretär Georg Dertinger Dokumente der Reichsgeschäftsstelle und vom Landesverband Berlin, Brandenburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Bezirksverband Leipzig im Landesverband Sachsen und Landesverband Thüringen - Mappe 1 1) Format 25x35 : Gründungsaufruf der CDU für ganz Deutschland - Deutsches Volk! In der schwersten Katastrophe, die je über ein Land gekommen ist, ruft die Partei - Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands - aus .... Unterzeichnet von Andreas Hermes und weiteren 34 Gründungsmitgliedern, die namentlich genannt sind. Sitz Reichsgeschäftsstelle der "Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands" Berlin W 8 Jägerstraße 59-60, Berlin 26.06.1945 2) Format A4: Gründungsaufruf der CDU für ganz Deutschland ohne Auflistung der Gründungsmitglieder mit Hinweis auf die nächste Geschäftsstelle 3) Berliner Gründungsaufruf - in Kopie - Mappe 2 4) Format A4 Gründungsaufruf der CDU für ganz Deutschland aus dem Landesverband Brandenburg Sitz des Landesverbandes Brandenburg der CDU Berlin W Jägerstraße 59-60 5) Format A4 und dazu eine Wandzeitung Gründungsaufruf der CDU für ganz Deutschland aus dem Provinzialverband Sachsen-Anhalt mit Auflistung der Berliner Gründungsmitglieder und für den Provinzialverband Sachsen-Anhalt unterzeichnet von Horst Boerngen bis Innocenz Weber Sitz der Hauptgeschäftsstelle Halle/Saale Alter -
Sport Participation in the European Union
Sport participation in the European Union Trends and differences Commissioned by Nike Europe Operations Netherlands BV Maarten van Bottenburg Bas Rijnen Jacco van Sterkenburg © W.J.H. Mulier Instituut ’s-Hertogenbosch, april 2005 y ociet s in s t or p or research on s or research on f e r t cen - institute r h mulie j w © Van Bottenburg, Rijnen and Van Sterkenburg 2005 Translated from the Dutch by Jo Swabe W.J.H. Mulier Instituut Centrum voor sociaal-wetenschappelijk sportonderzoek Postbus 188 5201 AD ’s-Hertogenbosch t 073-6126401 f 073-6126413 e [email protected] i www.mulierinstituut.nl 2 Sport participation in the European Union - Trends and differences Inhoudsopgave Acknowledgements 5 1. Introduction 9 1.1 Sport and the European Union 9 1.2 Challenges for the promotion of sport 11 1.3 Research questions and aims 13 1.4 Defining sport 14 1.5 Research methods 16 1.6 Structure of the book 20 2. Sport in the European Union: levels, trends and differentiation 21 2.1 Overall levels and general trends 21 2.2 Sport-specific differences and trends 30 2.3 Organisational context 33 2.4 Social differentiation 37 2.5 Conclusions 43 3. Sport participation in each EU member state 45 3.1 Finland 47 3.2 Sweden 52 3.3 Denmark 57 3.4 Republic of Ireland 64 3.5 United Kingdom 68 3.6 The Netherlands 76 3.7 Belgium 82 3.8 Luxembourg 90 3.9 France 93 3.10 Germany 98 3.11 Austria 106 3.12 Portugal 112 3.13 Spain 118 3.14 Italy 124 3.15 Greece 128 3.16 Cyprus 131 3.17 Malta 133 3.18 Slovenia 136 3.19 Hungary 141 3 3.20 Slovakia 145 3.21 The Czech Republic 148 3.22 Poland 153 3.23 Lithuania 156 y 3.24 Latvia 159 3.25 Estonia 161 ociet s in s t or p 4.