sign in sign up
<<
Home , Denis Diderot

Access the SAS content at: Modern Europe (Levels 1 and 2) Unit 1: The Enlightenment www.pdesas.org

Suggested Duration: about 10 days

Standards, Big Ideas, Competencies and Instructional Suggested and Concepts Social Studies Vocabulary/Content Materials Activities Essential Questions Core Skills

Big Idea: The Enlightenment Students should know RTM Core Social Studies The Enlightenment Textbook: Students should and Age of witnessed that: Skills: • Applied reason to the Chapter 5 read and analyze a discovery of new and • Map skills human world, as well as to What is the better ways to govern • Enlightenment • Interpretation of the rest of the natural world What is the Enlightenment in society, create , and thinkers believed that charts and graphs • Stimulated religious Enlightenment? order to stimulate trade. Its radical human was • Analysis and tolerance By Emmanuel understand the new ideas influenced both possible through the interpretation of • Fueled democratic Kant different the American and French application of political cartoons revolutions around the mentality Revolutions. scientific • Analysis and world Declaration of and reason to issues interpretation Independence Create a chart of law and based on synthesis Enlightenment thinkers and their comparing each Standards: government. of facts ideas The Crisis by philosopher’s • Enlightenment ideas • Notetaking and • Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan: (Hobbes, Locke, 8.1.12; 8.4.12 influenced the leaders organizational skills Humans coexist in a Rousseau, of the American • Reading primitive “state of nature” , , Diderot, Essential Questions: Revolution, the comprehension and consent to government writing of the • Research skills for self‐protection ) view of nature, 1. Who were some Declaration of • Written and oral • ’s Two Treatises his ideas on Enlightenment thinkers Independence, and expression of facts of Government: People are government, and and what were their the and concepts sovereign and consent to his impact on the ideas? (which is the topic of the government for US government 2. How did philosophers the next unit). Students will be able to: protection of natural rights th of the Enlightenment • The 16th‐18 • Explain the political, to life, liberty, and property Analyze the influence thinking on centuries brought religious, and social • Montesquieu’s The Spirit of Declaration of political issues? many changes in the ideas of the the Laws: The best form of Independence 3. How did the , literature, and Enlightenment and the government includes a for Enlightenment political philosophy. ways in which they separation of powers Enlightenment promote revolution in influenced the • Jean‐Jacques Rousseau’s ideas the American colonies? founders of the United The :

In ? States Government is a contract Translate The 4. Who were some • Describe the expansion between rulers and the Crisis into composers, artists, of the arts, philosophy, people. contemporary philosophers, and literature, and new • Voltaire: Religious English and of the period? technology toleration should triumph analyze the over religious fanaticism; impact of separation of church and Enlightenment state ideas on the • Denis Diderot: The work • Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations • Laissez faire

Influence of the Enlightenment • Political philosophies of the Enlightenment fueled revolution in the Americas and France. • ’s Declaration of Independence incorporated Enlightenment ideas. • The Constitution of the USA and Bill of Rights incorporated Enlightenment ideas.

Representative composers, philosophers, and writers • Johann Sebastian Bach: composer • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Classical composer • Voltaire: philosopher • : Novelist

New schools of art and forms • depicted classical subjects, public events, natural scenes, and living people (portraits) • New forms of literature evolved, such as the (e.g., Don Quixote)

Access the SAS content at: Modern Europe (Levels 1 and 2) Unit 2: The French Revolution and www.pdesas.org

Suggested Duration: about 10 days

Standards, Big Ideas, Competencies and Instructional Suggested and Concepts Social Studies Vocabulary/Content Materials Activities Essential Questions Core Skills

Big Idea: The ideas of the Students should know RTM Core Social Studies Causes of the French Revolution Text: Chapter 6 Create a political Enlightenment and American that: Skills: • Influence of Enlightenment cartoon from Revolution sparked the • Map skills ideas The French perspective of a French Revolution which • The ideas of the • Interpretation of • Influence of the American Revolution – member of the rd caused the French to Enlightenment and charts and graphs Revolution History Channel 3 estate overthrow their absolute French participation • Analysis and video monarchy in hopes of in the American interpretation of Events of the French Revolution Have students creating a democratic new Revolution influenced political cartoons • Movie clip: Marie write an essay in government. Napoleon’s the French people to • Analysis and • Antoinette which they appointment not only ended view their interpretation decide whether the revolution but changed Napoleon’s reign government in new based on synthesis Outcomes of the French Revolution the political boundaries of ways. They of facts • End of the absolute was a sign of the Europe forever. overthrew the • Notetaking and monarchy of Louis XVI revolution’s failure or absolute monarchy organizational skills • Rise of Napoleon triumph. and established a new • Reading

Standards: government. comprehension Legacy of Napoleon Create a chart • The French • Research skills • Unsuccessful attempt to comparing 8.1.12; 8.4.12 Revolution left a • Written and oral unify Europe under French Europe before powerful legacy for expression of facts domination and after the world history: secular and concepts • Napoleonic Code Congress of society, , • Awakening of feelings of and democratic ideas. Vienna Essential Questions: Students will be able to: national pride and growth • Napoleon’s attempt • Describe the causes of nationalism to unify Europe under and events of the 5. How did the ideas of French domination French Revolution the Enlightenment Legacy of the Congress of Vienna was unsuccessful. • Assess the impact of cause the French • “Balance of power” • The Congress of Napoleon and the Revolution? doctrine Vienna attempted to Congress of Vienna, 6. What was the legacy of • Restoration of monarchies restore Europe as it including changes in Napoleon? • New political map of Europe had been before the political boundaries in 7. What was the • New political philosophies French Revolution Europe after 1815 significance of the (, conservatism) and Napoleonic Congress of Vienna? conquests.

Access the SAS content at: Modern Europe (Levels 1 and 2) Unit 3: Industrial Revolution and Imperialism www.pdesas.org

Suggested Duration: about 8 days

Standards, Big Ideas, Competencies and Instructional Suggested and Concepts Social Studies Vocabulary/Content Materials Activities Essential Questions Core Skills

Big Idea: Advancements in Students should know RTM Core Social Studies Industrial Revolution Text Chapters 7, Create a chart of technology produced the that: Skills: • Originated in England because 9, and 12. the inventors and of its natural resources and the Industrial Revolution, while • Map skills scientists of the IR, invention and improvement of advancements in and • what their • The Industrial Interpretation of the steam engine Rules of a Factory medicine altered the lives of contribution was Revolution began in charts and graphs • Spread to Europe and the U.S. in Berlin and people living in the new England and spread to • Analysis and • Role of cotton textile, iron, and other accounts and how it changed industrial cities. Though the rest of Western interpretation of steel industries on factory life people’s lives. fueled the Europe and the political cartoons • Relationship to British Industrial Revolution and led United States. • Analysis and Enclosure Movement Kikuyu tribe fable Create a political European nations to conquer • With the Industrial interpretation • Rise of the factory system and on imperialism cartoon on African and Asian lands in Revolution came an based on synthesis demise of cottage industries imperialism from order to acquire resources, increased demand for of facts • Rising economic powers that either the wanted to control raw new economic systems like raw materials from • Notetaking and perspective of an were being materials and markets African/Asian the Americas, Asia, organizational skills throughout the world considered. native or an and Africa. • Reading • Advancements in comprehension Technological advances imperialist. technology produced • Research skills • Spinning jenny: James Standards: the Industrial • Written and oral Hargreaves Labor Revolution, while expression of facts • Steam Engine: James Watt union/management 8.1.12; 8.4.12 advancements in and concepts • Process for making steel: simulation in which science and medicine Henry Bessemer students break up

altered the lives of Students will be able to: into 2 sides and Essential Questions: Science and medical advancements people living in the negotiate a new • Cite scientific, • Development of smallpox new industrial cities. contract. 8. Why did the Industrial technological, and vaccination: Edward Jenner • Agricultural Revolution originate in industrial • Discovery of Bacteria: Louis economies were Create chart England? developments and Pasteur based on the family explain how they comparing 9. Why did the spread of unit. The Industrial brought about Impacts of the Industrial Revolution on capitalism, industrialism to Europe Revolution had a urbanization and industrialized countries socialism, Marxism, and the United States significant impact on social and • Population increase and communism. accelerate colonialism the structure and environmental • Increased standards of living and imperialism? for many but not all function of the family. changes 10. How did the Industrial • Improved transportation Revolution produce • The Industrial • Explain the • Urbanization changes in culture and Revolution placed emergence of • Environmental pollution society? new demands on the capitalism as a • Increased education 11. How did the Industrial labor of men, women, dominant economic • Dissatisfaction of working class with working conditions Revolution impact the and children. power, and the • Growth of the middle class Workers organized subsequent lives of women, children, and the labor unions to fight development of The nature of work in the factory family? for improved working socialism and system 12. Why did workers conditions and communism • Family‐based cottage organize into labor workers’ rights. • Describe the industries displaced by the unions? • Capitalism and of the factory system • Harsh working conditions with 13. What was the role of market competition nature of work and fueled the Industrial the labor force, men competing with women capitalism and market and children for wages competition in the Revolution. Wealth including its effects increased the on families, the status • Child labor that kept costs of Industrial Revolution? production low and profits standard of living for of women and 14. What were some high some. children, and the theories opposed to • Owners of mines and factories • Some dislocations labor union capitalism? who exercised considerable associated with movement control over the lives of their Why did European 15. capitalism produced a • Explain the rise of laborers countries participate in range of economic Industrial economies imperialism and a race and political ideas, and their links to Social effects of the Industrial for colonies? including socialism imperialism and Revolution 16. What were some and communism. nationalism • Women and children entering the workplace as cheap labor responses of colonized • Industrial nations in • Assess the impact of • Introduction of reforms to end peoples to European Europe needed European economic imperialism? child labor natural resources and and military power on • Expansion of education markets to expand Asia and Africa, with • Women’s increased demands their economies. emphasis on the for suffrage • These nations competition for competed to control resources and the The rise of labor unions Africa and Asia in responses of • Encouraged worker‐organized order to secure their colonized peoples strikes to demand increased own economic and wages and improved working conditions political success. • Lobbied for laws to improve • Imperialism spread the lives of workers, including the economic, women and children political, and social • Wanted workers’ rights and philosophies of collective bargaining between Europe throughout labor and management the world. • Resistance to Capitalism imperialism took • Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations many forms, including • Role of market competition armed conflict and and entrepreneurial abilities intellectual • Impact on standard of living movements. and growth of the middle class • Dissatisfaction with poor working conditions and the unequal distribution of wealth in society

Socialism and Communism • ’s The Communist Manifesto (written with Friedrich Engels) and Das Kapital • Response to the injustices of capitalism • Importance to communists of redistribution of wealth

Forms of imperialism • Colonies • Protectorates • Spheres of Influence

Imperialism in Africa and Asia • European domination • European conflicts carried to the colonies • Christian missionary efforts • Spheres of influence in China • East India Company’s domination of Indian states • Suez Canal • America’s opening of Japan to trade

Responses of colonized peoples • Armed conflicts (e.g. Boxer Rebellion and Sepoy Rebellion) • Rise of nationalism (e.g. first Indian nationalist party founded in mid‐1800s)

Access the SAS content at: Modern Europe (Levels 1 and 2) Unit 4: Unifications of Germany and Italy www.pdesas.org

Suggested Duration: about 4 days

Standards, Big Ideas, Competencies and Instructional Suggested and Concepts Social Studies Vocabulary/Content Materials Activities Essential Questions Core Skills

Big Idea: Nationalism drove Students should know RTM Core Social Studies The terms of the Congress of Vienna led Text Chapter 10 Analyze quotes the people of Germany and that: Skills: to widespread discontent in Europe, of Bismarck to especially in Italy and the German states. Italy to create their own • Map skills Famous quotes of gauge his Unsuccessful revolutions of 1848 nation‐states long after the • Interpretation of political beliefs. • The rise of increased nationalistic tensions. Bismarck rest of Europe. charts and graphs nationalism was a • Analysis and Create a chart powerful force behind interpretation of Unification of Italy European politics political cartoons • Count Cavour unified Northern comparing both Standards: during the 19th • Analysis and Italy unifications century. interpretation based • Giuseppe Garibaldi joined according to: the on synthesis of facts southern Italy to northern Italy year of 8.1.12; 8.4.12 • Widespread demands • Notetaking and • The Papal States (including unification, the for political rights led organizational skills Rome) became the last to join cause of to revolutions and • Reading Italy nationalism, the legislative actions in comprehension state that led the Essential Questions: Europe. • Research skills Unification of Germany • Bismarck led Prussia in the way, the prime • Italy and Germany • Written and oral ministers who expression of facts unification of Germany 17. How did nationalism became nation‐states unified it, the and concepts through war and by appealing influence the German long after the rest of to nationalist feelings kings they Europe. and Italian people? Students will be able to: • Bismarck’s actions were seen worked for, and 18. What events led to the • Explain the events as an example of Realpolitik, the opponents of unification of Italy? related to the which justifies all means to unification in achieve and hold power 19. What role did Otto von unification of Italy and each country. the role of Italian • The Franco‐Prussian War led to Bismarck play in the the creation of the German unification of nationalists • Explain the events state. Germany? related to the unification of Germany and the role of Bismarck

Access the SAS content at: Modern Europe (Levels 1 and 2) Unit 5: World War I www.pdesas.org

Suggested Duration: about 12 days

Standards, Big Ideas, Competencies and Instructional Suggested and Concepts Social Studies Vocabulary/Content Materials Activities Essential Questions Core Skills

Big Idea: WWI was caused Students should know RTM Core Social Studies Causes of WWI Text Chapter 14 Analyze political by competition among that: Skills: • Alliances that divided Europe cartoons into competing camps industrial nations in Europe • Map skills Primary and regarding who • Nationalistic feelings and a failure of diplomacy. • Interpretation of secondary was at fault for • WWI (1914‐1918) was • Diplomatic failures The war transformed charts and graphs causing WWI caused by • Imperialism sources on the European life, wrecked competition among • Analysis and • Competition over colonies assassination of European economies, and industrial nations in interpretation of • Militarism Francis Ferdinand Analyze primary planted the seeds for a Europe and a failure political cartoons and secondary second world war. of diplomacy. The • Analysis and Major events All Quiet on the sources on the war transformed interpretation • Assassination of Austria’s Western Front assassination of European and based on synthesis Archduke Francis Ferdinand Francis Ferdinand • Standards: American life, of facts United States enters the war Propaganda to understand • Russia leaves the war wrecked European • Notetaking and posters the strengths and

organizational skills weaknesses of 8.1.12; 8.4.12 economies, and Major leaders planted the seeds for • Reading each • Kaiser Wilhelm II a second world war. comprehension • Woodrow Wilson Read and quiz on • After WWI, • Research skills • David Lloyd George All Quiet on the Essential Questions: international • Written and oral • Georges Clemenceau Western Front to organizations and expression of facts develop an agreements were and concepts Outcomes and global effects 20. What were the factors understanding of established with the • Colonies’ participation in the that produced WWI? war which increased demands trench warfare purpose of avoiding Students will be able to: 21. What were the major • Explain economic for independence and the troops’ future conflicts. • End of the Russian Imperial, events of the war? causes, political changing views 22. Who were the major Ottoman, German, and Austro‐ on war that causes, and major Hungarian empires leaders? events of the war occurred. • Enormous cost of the war in 23. What were the • Identify major leaders lives, property, and social Analyze and outcomes and global of the war disruption create effects of WWI? • Explain the outcomes propaganda 24. What were the terms and global effects of posters to of the Treaty of the war and the Treaty of Versailles motivate others Treaty of Versailles • Forced Germany to accept Versailles? responsibility for war and loss to join the war 25. What was the League • Describe the League of territory and to pay effort. of Nations and why did of Nations and the reparations it fail? mandate system • Limited the German military Create chart • League of Nations 26. Why was the mandate comparing and contrasting the system created? League of Nations ideas listed in the • International cooperative organization 14 Points to the • Established to prevent future actual deal made wars in the Treaty of • United States not a member Versailles and • Failure of League because it how each did not have power to enforce addressed the its decisions causes of WWI.

The mandate system • During WWI, Great Britain and France agreed to divide large portions of the Ottoman Empire in the Middle East between themselves. • After the war, the “mandate system: gave Great Britain and France control over the lands that became Iraq, Transjordan, and Palestine (British controlled) and Syria and Lebanon (French controlled) • The division of the Ottoman Empire through the mandate system planted the seeds for future conflicts in the Middle East

Access the SAS content at: Modern Europe (Levels 1 and 2) Unit 6: The Russian Revolution www.pdesas.org

Suggested Duration: about 8 days (including 4 for project time and presentations)

Standards, Big Ideas, Competencies and Instructional Suggested and Concepts Social Studies Vocabulary/Content Materials Activities Essential Questions Core Skills

Big Idea: Russians revolted Students should know RTM Core Social Studies Causes of the 1917 Revolutions Text Chapter 14, Create a against their Tsar due to his that: Skills: • Defeat in war with Japan in section 5 propaganda autocratic rule, their military • Map skills 1905 video that • Landless peasantry defeats in World War I, and • Interpretation of Joseph Stalin: attempts to • Tsarist Russia entered • Incompetence of Tsar Nicholas poor economic conditions. Red Terror convert others to World War I as an charts and graphs II The end result was the absolute monarchy • Analysis and • Military defeats and high History Channel communism and creation of the first with sharp class interpretation of casualties in World War I DVD the Soviet way of communist state that divisions between the political cartoons life under Stalin. ultimately became the nobility and the • Analysis and Rise of Communism U.S.S.R. peasants. The interpretation • Bolshevik Revolution and civil war grievances of workers based on synthesis • Vladimir Lenin’s New Economic and peasants were of facts Policy Standards: • Notetaking and not resolved by the • Joseph Stalin, Lenin’s successor Tsar. organizational skills 8.1.12; 8.4.12 • Inadequate • Reading administration in comprehension Essential Questions: World War I led to • Research skills revolution and an • Written and oral 27. Why did Russia erupt in unsuccessful expression of facts revolution while provisional and concepts fighting in World War government. Students will be able to: I? • A second revolution • Cite the causes and 28. How did communism by the Bolsheviks consequences of the rise in Russia? created the communist state that Russian Revolution ultimately became the U.S.S.R.

Access the SAS content at: Modern Europe (Levels 1 and 2) www.pdesas.org Unit 7: The Interwar Period and World War II

Suggested Duration: about 12 days

Standards, Big Ideas, Competencies and Instructional Suggested and Concepts Social Studies Vocabulary/Content Materials Activities Essential Questions Core Skills

Big Idea: The unrest created Students should know RTM Core Social Studies Causes of worldwide depression Text Chapters 16 Document Based by the Treaty of Versailles that: Skills: • German reparations and 17 Questions on and the effects of the Great • Map skills • Expansion of production appeasement capacities and dominance of Depression led to the rise of • Interpretation of Mein Kampf and its role in • A period of uneven the United States in the global dictatorships in the Soviet excerpt causing WWII prosperity in the charts and graphs economy Union, Italy, Germany, and decade following • Analysis and • High protective tariffs Japan whose aggression World War I (the interpretation of • Excessive expansion of credit Schindler’s List or caused World War II and the 1920s) was followed political cartoons • Stock Market Crash of 1929 other appropriate Holocaust. by worldwide • Analysis and video on the depression in the interpretation Impact of worldwide depression Holocaust 1930s. based on synthesis • High unemployment in Standards: industrial countries Primary and • Depression weakened of facts • Bank failures and collapse of secondary source Western , • Notetaking and credit documents on 8.1.12; 8.4.12 making it difficult for organizational skills • Collapse of prices in world appeasement and them to challenge the • Reading trade the Holocaust Essential Questions: threat of comprehension • Nazi Party’s growing

totalitarianism. • Research skills importance in Germany; Nazi • Written and oral Party’s blame of European 29. Why did the world • The Depression in the expression of facts Jews for economic collapse experience depression 1930s provided and concepts in the 1930s? opportunities for the U.S.S.R. during the Interwar Period‐ 30. What political changes rise of dictators in the Joseph Stalin Students will be able to: resulted from the Soviet Union, • Entrenchment of communism • worldwide depression? Germany, Italy, and Examine events • Stalin’s policies: Five‐year 31. Why did dictatorial Japan. related to the rise, plans, collectivization of farms, aggression, and governments emerge • The Treaty of state industrialization, secret human costs of police in Germany, Italy, Versailles worsened dictatorial regimes in • Great Purge Japan, and the U.S.S.R. economic and the Soviet Union, after World War I? political conditions in Germany, Italy, and Germany during the Interwar Period‐ 32. How did these regimes Europe and led to the Japan, and identify Adolf Hitler affect the world rise of totalitarian the major leaders. • Inflation and depression following World War I? regimes in Italy and • Democratic government • Cite causes and assess 33. What were the causes Germany. weakened the impact of • Anti‐Semitism of WWII? • Japan emerged as a worldwide depression 34. What were the major world power after in the 1930s. • Extreme nationalism events of WWII? WWI and conducted • Explain the economic • National Socialism (Nazism) • German occupation of nearby Who were the major aggressive and political causes of 35. countries leaders of WWII? imperialistic policies World War II as well in Asia. A communist as describe the major 36. Why did the Holocaust Italy during the Interwar Period‐Benito dictatorship was events and identify occur? Mussolini established in the the major leaders of 37. What are other • Rise of fascism Soviet Union by the war. • Ambition to restore the glory examples of genocide Vladimir Lenin and in the twentieth • Analyze the causes, of Rome continued by Joseph • Invasion of Ethiopia century? events, and effects of Stalin. the Holocaust. • Many economic and Japan during the Interwar Period‐ political causes led to Hirohito and Hideki Tojo • World War II. Major Militarism • Industrialization of Japan, theaters of war leading to drive for raw included Africa, materials Europe, Asia, and the • Invasion of Korea, Manchuria, Pacific Islands. and the rest of China Leadership was essential to the Allied Economic and Political causes of WWII victory. • Aggression by the totalitarian • There had been a powers of Germany, Italy, and Japan climate of hatred • Nationalism against Jews in • Failures of the Treaty of Europe and Russia for Versailles centuries. • Weakness of the League of Nations • Appeasement • Tendencies towards isolationism and pacifism in Europe and the United States

Major events of the war (1939‐1945) • German invasion of Poland • Fall of France • Battle of Britain • German invasion of the Soviet Union • Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor • D‐Day (Allied invasion of Europe) • Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Major leaders of the war • Franklin D. Roosevelt: U.S. president • Harry Truman: U.S. president after death of Roosevelt • Dwight Eisenhower: Allied commander in Europe • Winston Churchill: British Prime Minister • Hirohito: Emperor of Japan • Hitler • Stalin • Mussolini • Tojo

Term to know • Genocide: The systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious, or cultural group

Elements leading to the Holocaust • Totalitarianism combined with nationalism • History of anti‐Semitism • Defeat in World War I and economic depression blamed on German Jews • Hitler’s belief in the master race • Final solution: Extermination camps, gas chambers