E1699 V4
PEOPLES’REPUBLIC OF CHINA BENGBU MUNICIPALITY THE WORLD BANK Public Disclosure Authorized
BENGBU INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
Public Disclosure Authorized
Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report December 2007 Public Disclosure Authorized
French Grant, FASEP n°34 DGTPE, Ministère de l’Economie des Finances et de l’Industrie, Paris, France
Public Disclosure Authorized
27, rue de Vanves-92772 Boulogne Billancourt Cedex -France- Tél : 33 (0) 1 46 10 25 40 Room 207B, 2/F, 64 Shamian Street, Fax : 33 (0) 1 46 10 25 49 Liwan District, Guangzhou, P.R. E-mail : [email protected] China Tel/Fax: (86 20) 8121 6968 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
PEOPLE’S REPUBLC OF CHINA BENGBU MUNICIPALITY
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project R3A- Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report
This report has been published in collaboration with SOGREAH CHINA
Objet de l’indice Date Indice Rédaction Validation Nom Signature Nom Signature Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report 14 October 2007 Huang Xiaodan Gary Moys (R3A) a
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Numéro de rapport(*): Rig00006 Numéro d'affaire: A17978 N° de contrat: CIGZ 07287 Domaine technique: BV31
(*) This report is part of the environmental safeguard documents, which include three separate volumes: - Consolidated Environmental Assessment Report (R3A) - Environmental Assessment Summary (R3B), and - Environmental Management Plan (R3C)
BURGÉAP 27, rue de Vanves 92772 BOULOGNE-BILLANCOURT Cedex, France Téléphone: 33(0)1.46 10 25 40 Télécopie: 33(0)1. 46 10 25 49 e-mail: [email protected]
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... 3
LIST OF TABLES...... 6
LIST OF FIGURES ...... 10
LIST OF ANNEXES...... 11
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS...... 12
1 INTRODUCTION ...... 13
1.1 BIEIP Project Background & Organization ...... 13
1.2 General Background for Consolidated EA ...... 19
1.3 Coverage of this Consolidated EA...... 22
1.4 Layout of the Consolidated EA Report...... 22
2 INSTITUTIONAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ...... 24
2.1 Environmental Institutions and Roles ...... 24
2.2 Applicable Laws & Regulations ...... 25
2.3 Environmental Quality Standards ...... 27
2.4 World Bank Safeguards...... 28
3 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY FRAMEWORK ...... 29
3.1 Main Environmental Issues and Strategies in Huai River Basin ...... 29
3.2 Relevant Plannings of Bengbu Municipality...... 30
3.3 Project Conformity with the Master Plans...... 40
4 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE SITUATION ...... 44
4.1 Topography...... 45
4.2 Climate ...... 45
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4.3 Hydrology...... 46
4.4 Geology ...... 49
4.5 Soil and Vegetation...... 49
4.6 Air ...... 50
4.7 Surface Water ...... 54
4.8 Groundwater...... 65
4.9 Water Supply ...... 67
4.10 Water Pollution...... 69
4.11 Noise...... 77
4.12 Sediment Quality ...... 83
4.13 Solid Waste Management ...... 91
4.14 Ecological Environment ...... 92
4.15 Natural Disasters ...... 92
4.16 Social Environment ...... 93
4.17 Cultural Archaeology Resources...... 94
5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 96
5.1 Project Summary...... 96
5.2 Description of Proposed Sub-Projects ...... 99
5.3 Analysis of Project Pollution Sources ...... 106
5.4 Environmental Sensitive Points...... 108
6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS...... 119
6.1 Impact Screening ...... 119
6.2 Project Benefits...... 119
6.3 Environmental Impacts during Construction Period...... 127
6.4 Environmental Impacts during Operation...... 137
7 MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 200
7.1 Mitigation Measures during Construction Period...... 200
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7.2 Mitigation Measures during Operation Period...... 215
8 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS...... 225
8.1 Zero-project Analysis...... 225
8.2 Alternatives of Desilting Method for Longzi Lake ...... 233
8.3 Alternatives for Mohekou Project...... 234
9 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION...... 245
9.1 Information Disclosure...... 245
9.2 Public Participation...... 249
10 SUMMARY OF EMPS ...... 275
10.1 Environmental Administrative Authority and Duties...... 275
10.2 Environmental Management Supervision Plan ...... 278
10.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 279
11 RESETTLEMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACTS...... 290
11.1 RAP...... 290
11.2 Social Impacts ...... 297
12 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 306
12.1 Conclusions ...... 306
12.2 Suggestions ...... 322
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Linkages between BIEIP and Anhui Water Environment Improvement Project...... 18 Table 2: Summary of EA Documentations...... 20 Table 3: New industrial parks...... 31 Table 4: Bengbu Municipality Estimated Wastewater Amount 10,000 m3/d ...... 32 Table 5: Planned Wastewater Drainage System...... 34 Table 6: Planning of Storm Drainage Catchments in Bengbu Urban Area...... 35 Table 7: Conformity of the Proposed Projects with Existing Master Plans...... 41 Table 8: Composition of Water Systems in Bengbu ...... 46 Table 9: Air Quality Monitored Data of Bengbu Urban Area in 2005 ...... 50 Table 10: Statistics of Comprehensive Pollution Indices for Key Pollutants at Monitoring Points in 200550 Table 11: Statistics of Acidic Rain in Bengbu (2000-2005) ...... 51 Table 12: Air Quality Monitoring and Analysis around Tianhe in 2005 ...... 51 Table 13: Results of Air Quality Assessment for Huaiyuan County...... 52 Table 14: Air Quality Monitoring Results for Wuhe County ...... 52 Table 15: Results of Air Quality Assessment for Wuhe County...... 53 Table 16: Water Quality Classification of Huai River within Bengbu (2000-2006) ...... 54 Table 17: 2006 Monthly Average Water Quality Monitoring Data of Huai River...... 56 Table 18: Evaluation Results for the Annual Mean of Water Quality in the Bengbu Section of the Huai River in 2006 ...... 56 Table 19: Routine Monitoring of Water Quality in Tianhe Lake in 2006...... 57 Table 20: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in Tianhe Lake ...... 57 Table 21: Water Quality Monitoring Results of Longzi Lake...... 58 Table 22: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in Longzi Lake...... 58 Table 23: Ranking of Key Pollutants in the Longzi Lake ...... 58 Table 24: Evaluation of water quality in the Guo River ...... 59 Table 25: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in Guo River...... 59 Table 26: Monitoring Results for the Guzhen Section of Hui River (2001-2005) ...... 60 Table 27: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in the Hui River ...... 60 Table 28: Water Quality Monitoring Results for Xiangjian Lake of Huaihongxin River ...... 61 Table 29: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in Huaihongxin River...... 61 Table 30: Monitoring Results of Water Quality in Xijiagou Canal ...... 63 Table 31: Evaluation Results for the Water Quality of Xijiagou Canal ...... 63 Table 32: Water Quality Monitoring Results of Sanpu Great Ditch...... 63 Table 33: Water Quality Evaluation Results of Sanpu Great Ditch ...... 64 Table 34: Water Quality Monitoring Results for the Ponds in Huaiyuan County...... 64 Table 35: Evaluation Results for the Water Quality of the Ponds in Huaiyuan County...... 64 Table 36: Monitoring of water quality in Zhanggong Mount Pond ...... 65 Table 37: Groundwater Quality in Bengbu Municipality...... 66 Table 38: Groundwater Quality Monitoring Results for the Area around Longzi Lake ...... 66 Table 39: Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Longzi Lake Area...... 66 Table 40: Water Supply Composition of Bengbu Municipality in 2005...... 68 Table 41: Water Quality of Major Centralized Drinking Water Source in Bengbu (Upstream of Bengbu Gate on Huai River)...... 69 Table 42: Non-compliant months for water intake upstream of Bengbu Gate...... 69 Table 43: Monitoring Data of Major Sewage Outfalls in Bengbu Urban Area in 2006 ...... 70 Table 44: Statistics of Pollution Discharge by Key Industrial Polluters in Bengbu in 2006...... 72 Table 45: Wastewater Discharge of the Industrial Polluters in the Project Area ...... 76 Table 46: Noise Monitoring Values of Urban Area in 2006...... 77 Table 47: Monitored Data on Road Traffic Noise Pollution in 2006 in Bengbu...... 77 Table 48: Noise Monitoring Results around Tianhe Lake...... 79
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Table 49: Noise Monitoring Results around Longzi Lake ...... 79 Table 50: Noise Monitoring Results for the Project-related Urban Area...... 80 Table 51: Noise Monitoring Results of around Baligou and Xijiagou Canals ...... 81 Table 52: Noise Monitoring Results of Huaishang Dis...... 81 Table 53: Noise Monitoring Results of Guzhen County...... 81 Table 54: Noise Monitoring Results of Huaiyuan ...... 82 Table 55: Noise Monitoring Results of Mohekou Industrial Park...... 83 Table 56: Vertical Distribution of Sediment in Longzi Lake ...... 84 Table 57: Monitoring Results of Sediment in Longzi Lake...... 84 Table 58: Additional Sediment Monitoring Results of Longzi Lake ...... 85 Table 59: Background Soil Characteristics in Chinese Provinces...... 86 Table 60: Ecological Risk Factors and Indices of Heavy Metals in the Sediment of Longzi Lake ...... 86 Table 61: Sediment Monitoring Results of Baligou and Xijiagou Canals...... 87 Table 62: Ecological Risk Factors and Indices of Heavy Metals in Baligou and Xijiagou...... 88 Table 63: Sediment Monitoring Results of Guzhen Desilting Project ...... 88 Table 64: Evaluation of Sediment Ecological Risk...... 89 Table 65: Sediment Monitoring Results of Haiyuan Desilting Project ...... 89 Table 66: Sediment Monitoring Results of Mohekou Industrial Park ...... 90 Table 67: Evaluation of Sediment Ecological Risk for Wuhe Project...... 90 Table 68: Solid waste production and disposal in Bengbu (2000-2005) ...... 91 Table 69: Historical Flood Events in Bengbu...... 92 Table 70: Summary of BIEIP sub-projects ...... 96 Table 71: Composition of Longzi Lake Flood Control and Environment Improvement Project ...... 99 Table 72: Composition of Urban (South of Huai River) Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project...... 100 Table 73: Composition of Xijiagou & Baligou Environment Improvement Project ...... 101 Table 74: Composition of Huaishang Flood Control and Urban Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project...... 102 Table 75: Composition of Guzhen County Integrated Environment Improvement Project ...... 103 Table 76: Composition of Huaiyuan County Integrated Environment Improvement Project...... 104 Table 77: Composition of Wuhe County Mohekou Integrated Environment Improvement Project ....105 Table 78: Environment Sensitive Points of Tianhe PS ...... 108 Table 79: Environment Sensitive Points of Longzi Lake Project...... 109 Table 80: Environment Sensitive Points of Urban (South of Huai River) project ...... 110 Table 81: Environment Sensitive Points of Xijiagou and Baligou Project...... 112 Table 82: Environment Sensitive Points of Huaishang Project ...... 113 Table 83: Environment Sensitive Points of Guzhen Project...... 114 Table 84: Environment Sensitive Points of Huaiyuan Project ...... 115 Table 85: Environment Sensitive Points of Wuhe Mohekou Project ...... 117 Table 86: List of Storm Drainage PSs to be Constructed and Reconstructed ...... 120 Table 87: Estimated Annual Pollutant Discharge for Bengbu Urban Area for 2010 ...... 122 Table 88: Reduction of Total Pollutant Discharge by the WWTP for Mohekou Industrial Park...... 123 Table 89: Summary of Major Environmental Benefits for Desilting Projects...... 123 Table 90: Estimated Benefit from Water Supply by Mohekou WTP...... 127 Table 91: Estimated Operational Benefits of Mohekou WWTP ...... 127 Table 92: Dust Generation by Vehicles at Different Speed and with Different Ground Surface Cleanness ...... 129 Table 93: TSP Monitoring Results Downwind of the construction site...... 129 Table 94: Sub-project Area Impact by Flying Dust ...... 131 Table 95: Rating of Six-level Odor Intensity (by Japanese Environmental Hygiene Department) ...... 131 Table 96: Odor Intensity by Desilting (dry excavation in the dry pond) for the Nanpaozi of Mudanjiang ...... 132 Table 97: Sound Levels of Major Construction Machinery ...... 133 Table 98: Calculation of noise attenuation of major noise-making machinery in the construction period ...... 133 RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 7/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 99: Noise Attenuation of Major Noise-making Machinery during Construction Unit: dB (A)...... 134 Table 100: Statistics of Sewage Discharge from the Urban Sewage Discharge Outfalls...... 138 Table 101: Estimated Collection Rate of Bengbu Municipal Sewage Network...... 139 Table 102: Statistical Analysis of Water Quality at the Outfalls of Bengbu Urban Area in 2005 ...... 140 Table 103: Reverse deduction estimate table of water quality of untreated sewage water of Bengbu City in 2005 ...... 142 Table 104: Estimated table of yearly total emissions of the pollutants of ...... 143 Table 105: Statistical table of date of pollution discharge outlet and monitoring section of Bengbu City ...... 145 Table 106: Statistical table of drainage of Bengbu City’s sewage treatment plants 10000 m3/d147 Table 107: Summary statement of inlet and outlet water quality of the sewage treatment plants....149 Table 108: List of prediction contents of water environment of Bengbu section of the Huai River in 2010 ...... 151 Table 109: Summary statement of conditions of prediction and parameters ...... 153 Table 110: Prediction table of water quality of the sewage treatment plant under the operation period ...... 154 Table 111: Prediction results of water quality during normal operation period of the sewage treatment plant...... 164 Table 112: Prediction results of accidental discharge water quality of the sewage treatment plant ..166 Table 113: Desilting wastewater composition of silt of the Sea of Grass ...... 168 Table 114: Nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the different desilting areas of the desilting project for the Sea of Grass, the Dianchi River...... 169 Table 115: Prediction emission concentration of project engineering wastewater Unit: mg/L...... 170 Table 116: Prediction of wastewater pollution contribution to the water quality of Longzi Lake ...... 170 Table 117: Comparison situation of water quality before and after the implementation of the Chaohu River desilting project ...... 173 Table 118: Prediction results of Tianhe drainage pump station’s noise ...... 176 Table 119: Prediction results of the Longzi Lake drainage pump station’s noise...... 179 Table 120: Prediction parameters table of typical sections’ noise...... 183 Table 121: Noise prediction table of typical sections with different distances Unit dB (A)...... 183 Table 122: Comparison of the Longzi Lake desilting sludge...... 184 Table 123: Comparison of Baligou, Xijiagou sediment with the standard ...... 186 Table 124: Emissions of main solid wastes of sewage treatment plant ...... 188 Table 125: Statistical table of seasonal and yearly average temperature and wind speed of Bengbu City ...... 191 Table 126: Statistical results of wind direction and frequency in each month of the year...... 191 Table 127: Statistical table of distribution frequency of Atmospheric stability ...... 194 Table 128: Rainfall Characteristics Table ...... 194 Table 129: Average wind speed, hour concentration prediction results of the downwind H2S with the different stabilities...... 196 Table 130: Average wind speed, hour concentration prediction results of the downwind NH3 with the different stabilities...... 197 Table 131: Calculating results of sanitation protection distance of sewage treatment plant...... 198 Table 132: Desilted Sludge Disposal for Desilting Projects ...... 206 Table 133: Zero-project Analysis for Tianhe Flood Control Project ...... 225 Table 134: Zero-option Analysis for Longzi Lake Flood Control and Environment Improvement Project ...... 226 Table 135: Zero-project Analysis for Urban (South of Huai River) Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project ...... 227 Table 136: Zero-option Analysis for Xijiagou & Baligou Environment Improvement Project ...... 228 Table 137: Zero-project Analysis for Huaishang District flood control and Urban Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project ...... 229 Table 138: Zero-project Analysis for Guzhen County Integrated Environment Improvement Project.230 RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 8/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 139: Zero-project Analysis for Huaiyuan County Integrated Environment Improvement Project231 Table 140: Zero-project Analysis for Wuhe County Mohekou Integrated Environment Improvement Project...... 232 Table 141: Comparison for Desilting Methods ...... 233 Table 142: Comparison of Water Source Options for Mohekou WTP ...... 235 Table 143: Alternative Analysis of Water Intake Process...... 238 Table 144: Alternative Analysis of WWTP Location...... 239 Table 145: Alternative Comparison for the Outfall of the Mohekou WWTP...... 239 Table 146: List of Contracted Industries in Mohekou Industrial Park ...... 241 Table 147: Influent Quality of the WWTPs in Shanghai and Nanking Chemical Industrial Parks...... 242 Table 148: Alternative Analysis for the Biological Treatment Process of Mohekou WWTP ...... 243 Table 149: Alternative Analysis of Advanced Treatment Process...... 244 Table 150: Comparison of CODcr Removal Rate between Tianjin Chemical Industrial Park and Mohekou Industrial Park ...... 244 Table 151: Summary of Information Disclosure for BIEIP ...... 246 Table 152: Summary of Public Opinions and the Feedback Results ...... 255 Table 153: Summary of Public Consultation Meeting Results for the Huaiyuan Project ...... 258 Table 154: Summary of Public Consultation Meeting Results for the Guzhen Project...... 260 Table 155: Summary of Public Consultation Meeting Results for the Mohekou Project in the Wuhe County...... 262 Table 156: Summary of Expert Consultation Results for BIEIP ...... 264 Table 157: Summary of Public Participation for BIEIP ...... 268 Table 158: Managerial Relationship between Administrative Authority and Project ...... 275 Table 159: Summary of BIEIP EMP...... 281
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Map of Huai River Basin...... 13 Figure 2: Topographic Map of Huai River Basin and Its Relative Location Compared with Other Major Rivers in China...... 14 Figure 3: Location of Bengbu in P.R. China ...... 15 Figure 4: Organization Chart of BIEIP ...... 16 Figure 5: Coverage of World Bank and Japanese loan-funded projects in Bengbu ...... 17 Figure 6: Overview of Bengbu Urban Wastewater and Storm Drainage Plan ...... 33 Figure 7: Aquatic Systems in Bengbu Municipality ...... 48 Figure 8: Variation of Water Quality Classification for Huai River (2004-2006)...... 55 Figure 9: Water Intake & Water Quality Monitoring Cross-sections along Huai River ...... 55 Figure 10: Groundwater Distribution around Mohekou Industrial Park...... 67 Figure 11: Distribution of Sewage Outfalls in Bengbu Urban Area...... 70 Figure 12: Percentage of Sewage Flow for the Seven Urban Sewage Outfalls ...... 71 Figure 13: NH3-N Contribution of Seven Sewage Outfalls in the Urban Area...... 71 Figure 14: COD Contribution of Seven Sewage Outfalls in the Urban Area ...... 72 Figure 15: Districts & Counties of Bengbu Municipality ...... 94 Figure 16: Project Overview...... 98 Figure 17: Proposed Storm Drainage Pumping Stations in the urban area, Huaiyuan County and Wuhe County and their Catchments...... 119 Figure 18: Proposed Storm Drainage Pumping Stations in Guzhen County and their Catchments.....120 Figure 19: Statistic Analysis of Sewage Discharge from Bengbu Urban Outfalls ...... 139 Figure 20: Statistical analysis chart of CODcr emissions of Bengbu City...... 141 Figure 21: Statistical analysis chart of NH3-N emissions of Bengbu City pollution discharge outlets in 2005...... 141 Figure 22: Statistical Chart of Sewage Discharge Amount in 2010 ...... 144 Figure 23: Statistical Chart of Total Discharge Amount of CODcr in 2010...... 144 Figure 24: Statistical Chart of Total Discharge Amount of NH3-N in 2010 ...... 145 Figure 25: 2010 Urban Drainage Proposal C, D - Prediction Chart of CODcr Discharge Impact ...... 156 Figure 26: 2010 Urban Drainage Proposal C, D - Prediction Chart of CODcr Discharge Impact ...... 157 Figure 27: 2010 Urban Drainage Proposal A, B - Prediction Chart of NH3-N Discharge Impact ...... 158 Figure 28: 2010 Urban Drainage Proposal C, D - Prediction Chart of NH3-N Discharge Impact...... 159 Figure 29: Prediction results of project engineering wastewater discharge on the water...... 171 Figure 30: Annual wind direction rose diagram of Bengbu City...... 192 Figure 31: Locations of Optional Water Sources for the Proposed Mohekou WTP ...... 235 Figure 32: Alternatives for the WTP Location ...... 237 Figure 33: Alternatives for Mohekou WWTP Location ...... 239 Figure 34: Online Public Notification of Project Information (Phase II) ...... 247 Figure 35: Information Disclosure at the Project Sites (Phase I)...... 248 Figure 36: Information Disclosure about Public Consultation in Bengbu Daily (Phase II)...... 248 Figure 37: Information Disclosure of EA reports (Phase III)...... 249 Figure 38: Public Participation ...... 251
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LIST OF ANNEXES
Annex 1 Maps & Drawings
Annex 2 Major Applicable Environmental Standards
Annex 3 Project Environmental Impact Screening Table
Annex 4 Sampling, Monitoring and Analysis Methods Adopted in the EA Activities
Annex 5 List of Relevant Meetings
Annex 6 References
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
AWEIP Anhui Water Environment Improvement Project BDC Bengbu Drainage Company BIEIP Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project BOT build-operate-transfer CB Construction Bureau CEA Consolidated Environmental Assessment COD Chemical Oxygen Demand DI Design Institute DRA Design Review and Advisory (consultant BURGEAP) DRC Development and Reform Commission EA Environmental Assessment EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EPB Environmental Protection Bureau FSR Feasibility study report GDP Gross Domestic Product HH Household HRWRC Huai River Water Resource Commission NCMDI North China Municipal Design Institute O&M Operation and Maintenance PIU Project Implementation Unit PMO Project Management Office PS Pumping Station PSP Private Sector Participation RAP Resettlement Action Plan SA Social Assessment SEPA State Environment Protection Agency SOE State Owned Enterprise TA Technical assistance WB World Bank WRB Water Resources Bureau WTP Water treatment plant WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant
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1. Introduction
1.1. BIEIP Project Background & Organization
1.1.1 Huai River Basin
The Huai River Basin is the third largest river basin of China covering 270,000 km2 of four provinces (Anhui, Henan, Jiangsu and Shandong). Its total population is 165million1, and its population density is 611persons/km2, which is 4.8 times of the national level. Due to its central location in China, Huai River Basin has a very developed transportation system, which consists of several key railways, Jinghang Canal, Huai River, inland rivers and highways extending in all directions. Featured by its typical agricultural economy, the basin is also strategically important for the whole country from an economic perspective. It produces 1/6 of the nation’s food and 1/4 of the national cash crops with only 1/12 of the national arable land area. However, the gross industrial output value, GDP and per-capita GDP of the basin are still lower than the national levels, that is, the basin still belongs to the economically undeveloped area in China.
Figure 1: Map of Huai River Basin
1 Data by the end of 2000. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 13/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Figure 2: Topographic Map of Huai River Basin and Its Relative Location Compared with Other Major Rivers in China The particular geographical and climatic conditions with the addition of the interference by human activities for decades have made the Huai River Basin very vulnerable to floods and droughts. Although a complicated flood control system consisting of reservoirs, flood storage and discharge projects, dykes, rivers and flood ways has been developed for the basin since the foundation of the P.R.C., it still suffers a lot from the floods once every three to five years. In addition, despite the great efforts put by the central and local governments since 1990’s, the water pollution remains a major concern for the basin due to the rapid industrial development and urbanization in this area.
1.1.2 Bengbu Municipality
Bengbu Municipality, located in the northeast of Anhui province, covers an area of 5952 km2 (4.27% of the provincial area) and a population of 3.49 million (5.36% of the province figure). Bengbu is the first municipality of Anhui Province, which is also one of the most important traffic hubs in East China and the biggest port city along Huai River. As an old industrial city, Bengbu is the processing /technology and commerce centre in Northern Anhui. The major industries in Bengbu include deep processing of agricultural products and fine chemicals, glass and glass products, special machinery manufacture and automobile parts. With the approval of the State Council, it is also one of the pilot cities in Middle China who benefit from the same national policies as applied to the revitalization of Old Industrial Base in Northeast China2. With the rapid economic development and urbanization, the current per capita GDP of Bengbu has reached 10000yuan. During the “Tenth-five-year” period,
2 Notification on the Implementation of Relevant Policies Applied for the Revitalization of the Old Industrial Base in Northeast China and the Development of Western China in Six Provinces of Middle China issued by the State Council Office, Jan. 1st 2007. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 14/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Bengbu Municipality has attracted 43million USD foreign investment and 13.5billion RMB domestic investment from out of Bengbu, mainly for the secondary and tertiary industries. However, due to the insufficient industrial investment and irrational industrial structure, the gross industrial output of the city is 9.65billion Yuan, accounting for 5.26% of the total provincial gross industrial output and ranked No.9 in the province behind the municipalities such as Hefei, Wuhu, Ma’anshan and Anqing. In addition, as an important city in the middle and lower reaches of Huai River Basin, Bengbu also suffers a lot from frequent floods, ecosystem deterioration and water pollution. Both its urban environment and water supply are endangered by the incompletion of urban sewage network and wastewater treatment facilities.
Figure 3: Location of Bengbu in P.R. China
1.1.3 BIEIP Project Organization
Under the Leadership of the Municipal Project Leading Group, the Bengbu Municipal World Bank Project Management Office (“the municipal PMO”) has been designated by the municipal government as its representative for the project coordination and management. Consequently, the municipal PMO is at the centre of the project management process. Requests for administrative and technical assistance funds originate with the municipal PMO. Requests for reimbursements of construction costs originate from the Implementing Agencies through the local PMOs for review and approval and then to Anhui Provincial Finance Bureau for review, approval and forwarding to the Bank. The municipal PMO appoints technical assistance (TA) consultants for the project, selects the tendering companies, and upon recommendation of the technical assistance consultants, designates the construction supervision company. The local Project Offices may also designate local construction supervisors. Each project has its own project management office, which represents the project area or the county. At municipal level the provincial Audit Bureau has delegated the audit responsibility to the Municipal Audit Bureau. At municipal level, several agencies are involved at various degrees of responsibilities: Municipal DRC, Municipal Finance Bureau, Construction Commission, Municipal EPB, and Municipal Water Resources Bureau (WRB). 7KH )UHQFK *RYHUQPHQW SURYLGHG D JUDQW WR WKH %HQJEX 0XQLFLSDO *RYHUQPHQW IRU D WHFKQLFDO DVVLVWDQFH IURP WKH )UHQFK FRQVXOWLQJ FRPSDQ\ %85*($3 WR DVVLVW WKH PXQLFLSDO JRYHUQPHQW LQ SURMHFW SODQQLQJ DQG GHVLJQ DQG IRU WKH SUHSDUDWLRQ RI WKH WHFKQLFDO HQYLURQPHQWDO DQG ILQDQFLDO GRFXPHQWDWLRQWREHSUHVHQWHGWRWKH:%IRUORDQHOLJLELOLW\ RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 15/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Figure 4: Organization Chart of BIEIP
1.1.4 Contributions of World Bank & Other Financing Agencies
Due to the important location in Huai River Basin, the Municipality of Bengbu has also benefited from some other on-going projects financed by World Bank and other financing agencies, including Huai River Pollution Control Project (P047345, World Bank), Huai River Basin Flood Management and Drainage Improvement Project (P098078, World Bank) and Anhui Water Environmental Improvement Project (AWEIP, Japanese loan). Huai River Pollution Control Project was approved in March 2001 by World Bank, which mainly aims at the improvement of wastewater collection and treatment in a number of municipalities in Anhui and Shandong Provinces including Bengbu. Its investments in Bengbu includes the construction of 28.5km sewers, 70.4km interceptors, 1.5km pumping mains and 5 PSs, most of which are located in Bengbu urban area and Huaishang District. The project is expected to be completed by the end of 2007. Huai River Water Resources Commission started the preparation of another major flood management project for potential financing by the Bank in 2005, which is called Huai River Basin Flood Management Drainage Improvement Project (P098078). The project aims at the increase of local agricultural productivity and farmers’ incomes by better protecting against floods, the properties and lives of many people living in predominantly rural areas of the Huai River Basin. This would be done through the provision of improved flood control and drainage works and strengthened institutional capability to effectively reduce the severity and impact of flooding and water logging in Anhui, Henan, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces. As an important city in the river basin, the involvement of Bengbu in this project would certainly improve the dialog between the municipality and the basin-wide administration. The Anhui Water Environmental Improvement Project, financed by Japanese loan (JBIC), aims to reduce polluted water discharged into the Huai River and ensure a stable supply of safe drinking water to Bengbu City by developing its water supply and sewerage infrastructure. Specifically, the project consists of five sub-projects, i.e. Yangtaizi WWTP; 134.84km sewage network and PSs in Bengbu city; Guobei WWTP, 59.3km sewage network, WTP expansion, 100km water supply network and 110km drainage network in Huaiyuan County; 30km water supply network and 40km drainage network in Wuhe County and water supply & sewage system in Guzhen County. The loan agreement has been signed in May 2007 for the total investment of 1.11billion yuan. The coverage of the above mentioned projects is shown in Figure 5 together with the locations of the proposed BIEIP components. It is shown that the three projects have covered the urban area and the three counties of Bengbu Municipality. However, the Huai River Pollution Control Project and the Anhui Water Environment Improvement Project mainly focus on the improvement of municipal infrastructure, such as sewers, sewage PSs, the WWTPs and the WTPs; while the proposed BIEIP will
RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 16/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project mainly focus on the improvement of local flood control and storm management facilities, such as storm PSs, drainage network and river de-silting.
Note: For AWEIP, there is no exact project location available. The red dots only stand for the rough project location. Figure 5: Coverage of World Bank and Japanese loan-funded projects in Bengbu In addition, the linkages between the World Bank financed BIEIP and the Japanese Loan funded Anhui Water Environment Improvement Project are analyzed in details in the following table.
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Table 1: Linkages between BIEIP and Anhui Water Environment Improvement Project
AWEIP BIEIP The linkage of BIEIP Sub-project Related Sub-project Related components with AWEIP name components name components Storm network in Some sewage network under the old urban BIEIP in the old urban area, Yangtaizi area, Gaoxin Yangtaizi WWTP Jingfa District and Longzi Lake WWTP District, Jingfa Dis. are connected to the District and proposed WWTP under AWEIP. Longzi Lake Dis. The wastewater collected by the Sewage and sewage network under BIEIP in East Shengli Rd. storm drainage Longzi Dis. will be pumped by sewage PS network in Longzi the PS under AWEIP to Lake Dis. Urban Yangtaizi WWTP. Drainage System and The wastewater collected by the Storm PSs sewage network under BIEIP in Huangshan Rd. the southeast of Gaoxin District sewage PS will be pumped by the PS under Storm & sewage AWEIP to the planned South network scattered City WWTP. in the Gaoxin The sewage network along District Bengxi Rd., Youyi Rd., South Huangshan sewage Changzheng Rd. and South and storm drainage Changqing Rd. under BIEIP is network connected with the sewer trunk Bengbu under AWEIP. Municipal AWEIP provides the storm Drainage Sewage network drainage network and BIEIP System west of North provides the sewage network for Project Daqing Rd. the same area. Storm drainage network covering Urban Road on the northern bank the whole planning AWEIP and BIEIP complement of Huai River area of Huaishang Huaishang each other to cover the together with 21 Dis. Flood Control infrastructure for the new smaller roads and & Integrated developed area along the their associated Environment northern dyke of Huai River. storm and Improvement sewage network Project Rehabilitation of five canals: Wuxiaojie Storm Wangxiaogou, PS, Expansion of The canal rehabilitation under Xiaobengbu Xiaobengbu PS, AWEIP provides support to the Wuxiaojie, and Wangxiaogou PS projects under BIEIP. Wuxiaojie No.1 and PS Wuxiaojie No.2 Water Wuhe Flood Supply and Project location: the Control and Two different areas of Wuhe Drainage Southern New Ecological Mohekou Town County are covered respectively Network of Urban Area of Improvement by AWEIP and BIEIP. Wuhe Wuhe County Project County
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AWEIP BIEIP The linkage of BIEIP Sub-project Related Sub-project Related components with AWEIP name components name components Water Supply & Sewage System for Two different areas of Guzhen Drainage Network the Southern County are covered respectively of Guzhen County Industrial Park of by AWEIP and BIEIP. Guzhen the County Guzhen Flood Water Control & The wastewater interception Supply & Ecological project under BIEIP is just to Sewage Improvement Wastewater prevent the direct wastewater System Phase II of Guzhen Project interception discharge from the west of No.2 WTP project for the Guzhen into Hui River to protect west of Guzhen the water quality of Hui River, the water source of Guzhen No.2 WTP. Storm drainage WTP for Guobei, network and the new industrial roads for the park and the food West Food processing park Huaiyuan Huayuan Processing Park Flood Control The proposed storm PSs under Guobei & BIEIP are for the drainage Water Storm drainage Storm drainage Environment network under BIEIP and Environment network of the network and PSs Improvement AWEIP. Project township for the township Project Guobei WWTP (including the / wastewater reuse plant) Note: The environmental impact assessment reports for all the sub-projects of the Anhui Water Environment Improvemental Project have been approved by Anhui Provincial EPB in September 2007.
1.2. General Background for Consolidated EA
1.1.5 Classification of Consolidated EA
In accordance with PRC National Regulations and the World Bank Operational Policy 4.01 related to Environmental Assessment, a “Category A - Consolidated EA” is to be prepared for the whole BIEIP Project including flood control, water resource management, wastewater and water supply components. This consolidated EA report will a comprehensive analysis of project targets, specific impacts of the sub-components with their mitigation measures and outlines the dominant socio- economic improvements to the welfare of communities. This report is complemented by: i) Consolidated Resettlement Action Plan (RAP); ii) Consolidated Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (EMP); iii) EA Summary Report, and iv) Individual EA Reports for each sub-project component.
1.1.6 Preparation of CEA
The Project technical and financial preparation carried out by Chinese local organizations has been supported by international assistance to BIEIP provided by BURGEAP, the Design Review and Advisory
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Services (DRAS) Consultants to the BIEIP World Bank project management office who is responsible for the overall preparation and coordination of the project. For the 8 sub-projects, Zhongnan Design Institute (Zhongnan) and Bengbu Municipal Survey & Design Institute were appointed by the project owner (BIEIP Municipal PMO) to carry out the feasibility studies and to produce Feasibility Study Reports (FSRs). For the environmental assessment documents, the PMO has appointed the North China Municipal Design Institute (NCMDI), a Class A certified EA institute based in Tianjin, to prepare all the individual EAs. NCMDI is also appointed to prepare the Chinese Consolidated EA for BIEIP as well as the Environmental Management Plans (one per sub-project). In accordance with the Government Regulation “Environmental Impact Assessment Law” of September 2003, Strengthening Environmental Impact Assessment Management for Construction Projects Loaned by International Finance Organisation” of June 21, 1993 and the World Bank Safeguards Operational Policy, the PMO has requested the DRA Consultants to assist in the preparation of the English consolidated EA, as well as to prepare the English versions of the EMP and of the EA Summary. Various assistances have been provided by DRA consultants since February 2007 to introduce the World Bank Safeguards requirements in the preparation of EA documentation, including the report framework for individual EMPs and consolidated EA. The present Consolidated EA report is based on individual EA studies carried out for each sub-project of the BIEIP. It has been prepared by NCMDI with the assistance of the DRAS Consultant. According to Chinese regulations, the Anhui Provincial EPB is responsible for review and approval of the eight individual EA reports. The whole set of EA documentations are summarized in the table below. Table 2: Summary of EA Documentations
No Name of the Project Component Covered in Document Date of the Date of Disclosure Document Document Disclosure Location
1 EIA Report for Tianhe Tianhe Storm Drainage PS: 55m3/s. Aug. 8th, 2007 Aug. 10th, 2007 www.bengbu.go Flood Control Project v.cn
Aug. 12th, 2007 Bengbu Municipal Library
2 EIA Report for Longzi - Longzi Lake Storm Drainage PS: Aug. 8th, 2007 Aug. 10th, 2007 www.bengbu.go Lake Flood Control 40m3/s v.cn and Environment Improvement Project - Longzi Lake Desilting Project: About Aug. 12th, 2007 Bengbu 3 2.2million m ; Municipal Library - Longzi Lake Slope Improvement Project.
3 EIA Report for Urban - 3 storm pumping stations and about Aug. 8th, 2007 Aug. 10th, 2007 www.bengbu.go (South of Huai River) 8.9km drainage pipes in old urban area v.cn Environmental (including storm water and wastewater Infrastructure pipes); Aug. 12th, 2007 Bengbu Improvement Project Municipal Library - About 38km storm drainage network and 17km road project in Jingfa District; - About 16km storm drainage network, about 2.8km sewers and wastewater lifting pumping station in Gaoxin District; - About 11km storm drainage network and 1.9km sewer and 1.76km road project in Longzi Lake District
4 EIA Report for - Desilting and slope improvement of Aug. 8th, 2007 Aug. 10th, 2007 www.bengbu.go Xijiagou & Baligou Xijiagou Canal: 5.56km; v.cn Environment - Desilting and slope improvement of Improvement Project Aug. 12th, 2007 Bengbu Baligou Canal: 3.72km. Municipal Library
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No Name of the Project Component Covered in Document Date of the Date of Disclosure Document Document Disclosure Location
5 EIA Report for - Wuxiaojie Storm Drainage PS and Aug. 8th, 2007 Aug. 10th, 2007 www.bengbu.go Huaishang District related projects: 80.8m3/s; v.cn Flood Control and - Expansion of Xiaobengbu Storm Urban Environmental Aug. 12th, 2007 Bengbu Drainage PS: about 18.2m3/s; Infrastructure Municipal Library Improvement Project - Desilting of Wangxiaogou Ditch: 3.6km new excavation and 5.5km expansion; - Wangxiaogou Storm Drainage PS: 16.3 m3/s; - Road project and supportive facilities: about 11.9km; - Sewage transfer trunk from Guobei urban area to Huaishang District: 6.8km.
6 EIA Report for - Drainage network: 9.19km; Aug. 8th, 2007 Aug. 10th, 2007 www.bengbu.go Guzhen County v.cn - Embankment: 20,100m3; Integrated Environment - Desilting works: 395,600 m3; Aug. 12th, 2007 Guzhen County Improvement Project - Access road to the top of dyke; Library - New culvert and gate: two gates and one connective culvert;; - New construction and reconstruction of 5 storm drainage pumping stations; - 3 new bridges; - Slope protection and greening project; - Non-engineering measures, such as flood monitoring system.
7 EIA Report for - Desilting and rehabilitation of flood Aug. 8th, 2007 Aug. 10th, 2007 www.bengbu.go Huaiyuan County drainage canals; v.cn Integrated - Drainage network: about 6km; Environment Aug. 12th, 2007 Huaiyuan Improvement Project - 2 storm Drainage PS; County Library - Roads and about 8km related storm drainage pipes.
8 EIA Report for Wuhe - Sanpu Storm Drainage PS and Aug. 8th, 2007 Aug. 10th, 2007 www.bengbu.go County Mohekou related projects: 50 m3/s v.cn Integrated - Water supply project: a 30,000m3/d Environment Aug. 12th, 2007 Wuhe County WTP, 17km treated water transmission pipe Improvement Project Library and about 20km water distribution network - Wastewater treatment project: a 20,000m3/d WWTP, about 21km sewage network - Storm drainage network: about 17km - Road project: about 13km
9 Consolidated EIA (C) All the eight sub-projects Aug.8th, 2007 Aug.10th, 2007 Bengbu Daily (Newspaper) The libraries of Bengbu Municipality and three counties
10 Consolidated EMP(C) All the eight sub-projects Aug.8th, 2007 Aug.10th, 2007 Bengbu Daily (Newspaper) The libraries of Bengbu Municipality and three counties
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No Name of the Project Component Covered in Document Date of the Date of Disclosure Document Document Disclosure Location
11 Consolidated EIA (E) All the eight sub-projects Aug. 10th, Aug. 12th, 2007 World Bank 2007 InfoShop
12 Consolidated EMP(E) All the eight sub-projects Aug. 10th, Aug. 12th, 2007 World Bank 2007 InfoShop
13 EA summary (E) All the eight sub-projects Aug. 25th, 2007
1.3. Coverage of this Consolidated EA
The Consolidated EA is being prepared strictly in accordance with National and Provincial laws, codes and criteria relating to environmental protection. It satisfies the Chinese EA system, whilst at the same time gives full attention to the requirements of the World Bank’s environmental safeguards, and more precisely those of the Operational Policy 4.01 for EA. The CEA is based on the collection and use of existing materials (secondary data) as well as data resulting from field investigations carried out during the preparation of Individual EAs for each sub- project. The CEA intends to provide a comprehensive and synthesized view of environmental implications resulting from the implementation of the 8 sub-projects.
1.4. Layout of the Consolidated EA Report
The following chapters of the CEA report present the detailed analyses conducted as part of the overall Environmental Assessment and follows closely the report format recommended in WB OP 4.01/Appendix B: • Chapter 2 "Institutional and Regulatory Framework" discusses the policy, legal, institutional and administrative framework within which the EA has been conducted describing both the environmental requirements of the PRC and of the World Bank; • Chapter 3 "Environmental Policy Framework" describes the key environmental issues observed at basin level and in the project area with on-going sector policies; • Chapter 4 "Environmental Baseline Situation" describes the background environmental and social conditions (physical, biological and socio-economic conditions) within which the project components are developed, both on a regional scale and on a site specific level; • Chapter 5 "Project Description" provides a summary technical presentation of the proposed subcomponents along with their implementation schedule and costs; • Chapter 6 "Environmental Impacts Assessment" provides prediction and assessment of likely environmental, economic and social impacts, both positive and negative, for the proposed BIEIP project; • Chapter 7 "Mitigation Measures" describes the recommended mitigation measures during project construction and operation; • Chapter 8 "Alternatives Analysis" compares feasible alternatives to the proposed project components, including the “zero-project” scenario; • Chapter 9 "Public Consultation & Information Disclosure" describes the activities and results of Public Consultation and information disclosure; • Chapter 10 "Summary of EMPs" provides information on the Environmental Management Plans covering mitigation measures, monitoring and institutional strengthening as well as activities and budget developed for each concerned district/county;
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• Chapter 11 "Resettlement and Social Impacts" summarizes the main conclusions of individual RAPs for BIEIP components and the consolidated social assessment report for BIEIP; • Chapter 12 "Conclusions and Recommendations" provides major findings of the study, including short and long term benefit of the Project.
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2. Institutional & Regulatory Framework
2.1. Environmental Institutions and Roles
The State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA): Since March 1998, SEPA has become a ministerial-level authority directly under the State Council responsible for the environmental protection in China. SEPA is responsible for the drafting and interpretation of pertinent standards, laws and regulations and guidelines, as well as the supervision and inspection of their implementation. As stipulated by the “Provision for Management of Environmental Protection in Construction Projects”, since the year 2003, Classed reviews and approvals of construction project EIA documents have been exercised by the Environmental Protection Bureaus (EPBs) at all levels. For projects invested with budget funds from the central government and designated as budgetary investment projects, projects dedicated with special funds, nuclear projects, top-confidential projects and project of military industry, as well as cross-region or cross-river basins, the EIA documentation should be reviewed and approved by SEPA. For projects only requiring EIA reporting sheet and EI registration table, the EIA documentation will be reviewed and approved, under the authority of SEPA, by the EPB institutions of the provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities where the construction projects are to be implemented. The Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau (Provincial EPB): The Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau (EPB) is responsible for environmental planning, monitoring and regulation. The principal duties of the Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau are to frame local legislation and standards, to supervise and administer the control of industrial pollution, to set tariffs for effluents, to study and monitor pollution and to plan for pollution control and environmental management. The EPB manage revolving loan funds (funded by a major portion of polluter fines for non-standard discharges). The Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau (Municipal EPB): The main responsibilities of the municipal EPB include: ƒ Implementing the national and provincial policies, laws, rules and standards on environment protection; ƒ Making plans on municipal environment protection: participating in the establishment of municipal economic and social development middle-term and long-term plans; managing the work of municipal environmental statistic and information; publishing the report of municipal environment status; ƒ Environment protection of atmosphere, water body, soil in the city: supervising the prevention and treatment of polluters such as wastewater, waste gas, noise, solid wastes, poisonous chemical products, nuclear radiation, radiant products and motor vehicles; investigating and treating the environment pollution accidents and mitigating the pollution plumes; ƒ Approving the environmental impact assessment report of construction project; supervising the disposal of municipal pollution sources; ƒ Supervising and managing the construction and protection of municipal natural ecologic environment; supervising the protection of biodiversity, wild animals and plants and wetland; ƒ Communication and education on environment protection; popularizing the scientific and law knowledge of environment. Bengbu Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau exerts Leadership on the EPBs of the district/counties involved in BIEIP. According to the Chinese regulations, the individual EIAs for the
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2.2. Applicable Laws & Regulations
1.1.7 National Laws & Regulations
Since 2002, the EIA process in China is under the Environmental Impact Assessment Law (October 2002). Several other national laws and regulations provide a legal background for EIA: ƒ Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, Dec. 1989; ƒ Law of Water Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China, May 1996; ƒ Law of Air Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China, April 2000; ƒ Law of Environmental Noise Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China, Oct. 1996; ƒ Law of Water of the People’s Republic of China, Oct. 2002; ƒ Law of Cleaner Production Promotion of the People’s Republic of China, June 2002; ƒ Law of Water and Soil Conservation of the People’s Republic of China, June 1991; ƒ Law of Solid Waste Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China, April 2005; ƒ Detailed Rules for Implementation of “Law of Water Pollution Control of the People’s Republic of China”, No. 284 order by the State Council, March 2003; ƒ Regulation of River Administration of the People’s Republic of China, June 1988; ƒ Related Regulations on the Management of Construction Project within River Administration Scope, April 1992; ƒ Regulation on the Environmental Protection Management of Construction Projects, State Council, 1986; ƒ Regulation on Pollution Prevention Administration for Drinking Water Source Protection Areas, SEPA, July 1989; ƒ Protection Program for National Ecological Environment, GUOFA[2000]No.38, State Council, Nov.2000; ƒ Environmental Protection Management for Construction Projects, State Council, November 1998; ƒ Regulations on the Certificate for the EIA of Construction Projects (1989 SEPA); ƒ Categorized Checklist for Environmental Protection Management of Projects under Construction, [2003] File No. 14, SEPA; ƒ Comments on Further Strengthening of Environmental Protection Management of Projects, HUANFA [2001] File No. 19, SEPA; ƒ Notice to Strengthen the Ecological Protection of Wetland, HUANRAN[1994] No.184, SEPA, March 1997; ƒ Notice to Strengthening EIA Management of Projects Financed with Loans from International Financing Institutions, HUANJIAN [1993] File No. 324, SEPA; ƒ Notice on the Strengthening of Water Saving and Water Pollution Prevention for Urban Water Supply by the State Council, GUOFA[2000] No.36, Nov. 2000; ƒ Notice to Issuance of Total Pollutant Effluent/Emission Amount Control Plans in the 10th Five-year Plan Period, YUFUFA [2001] File No. 556;
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ƒ Notice on the Strengthening of EIAs for Development Zones, HUANFA [2002] File No. 174, SEPA; ƒ Notice on the Further Standardization of Environmental Impact Assessment, HUANFA[2002] No.88, July 2002, SEPA; ƒ Checklist of Hazardous Wastes; ƒ Methods for Environmental Protection Acceptance of Projects at Completion, [2001] File No. 13, SEPA; ƒ Technical Directives for Environmental Impact Assessment, General (HJ/T 2.1-93), SEPA; ƒ Technical Directives for Environmental Impact Assessment, Air Environment (HJ/T 2.2- 93), SEPA; ƒ Technical Directives for Environmental Impact Assessment, Surface Water Environment (HJ/T 2.3-93), SEPA; ƒ Technical Directives for Environmental Impact Assessment, Noise Environment (HJ/T 2.4- 1995), SEPA; ƒ Technical Directives for Environmental Impact Assessment, Non-pollution, Ecological Impacts (HJ/T 19-1997), SEPA; ƒ Technical Directives for Environmental Impact Assessment, Water Conservancy and Hydropower Projects (HJ/T88-2003); ƒ Technical Directives for Environmental Risk Assessment for Construction Projects (HJ/T169-2004), SEPA; ƒ Decision of the State Council on Implementing Scientific Development Concept and Strengthening Environmental Protection, GUOFA[2005]No.39, Dec. 2005; ƒ Draft Regulation on Public Participation Methods for Environmental Impact Assessment; 18 March 2006, SEPA;
1.1.8 Local Regulations
There are also some local (Provincial & River Basin-wide) regulations applicable to the environmental impact assessment for BIEIP: ƒ Comments on the Implementation of “Decision of the State Council on Implementing Scientific Development Concept and Strengthening Environmental Protection” by Anhui Provincial Government; ƒ Environmental Rules for Urban Drinking Water Sources in Anhui Province ƒ Implementation Method for “Regulation of River Administration of the People’s Republic of China”, Oct. 1991; ƒ Rules on the Water Pollution Control of Huai River Basin in Anhui Province, Sep. 1993; ƒ Provisional Regulations on Water Pollution Control of Huai River Basin, No.183 order by the State Council, Aug.1995; ƒ Decision of Anhui Provincial Government on Practically Strengthening the Environmental Protection Work, WANZHENG (1997) No. 28, by Anhui Provincial Government; ƒ Rules on the Protection of Agricultural Ecological Environment in Anhui Province, Aug. 1999; ƒ Some Comments on Further Improving the Quality of Environmental Protection Assessment, HUANJIAN (2002) No.46, Anhui Provincial EPB, April 2002;
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2.3. Environmental Quality Standards
All applicable standards are detailed in Appendix 2 of this report. Only references and general issues are provided in this section.
1.1.9 Surface Water Quality Classification and Standards
National standards for surface water quality are detailed in regulation GB3838-1983, successively revised in 1988 (GB3838-1988) and in 2002 (GB3838-2002). Surface water bodies are ranked into five quality classes according to their utilization purposes and subsequent protection objectives, as defined in a regional zone classification issued by the Municipal EPB: ƒ Class I is mainly applicable to spring water and to national nature reserves. ƒ Class II is mainly applicable to first class of protected areas for main sources of drinking water, for the protection areas of rare fish species, and for spawning grounds for fish and shrimp. ƒ Class III is mainly applicable to second class of protected areas for main sources of drinking water, and to protected areas for the common fish and for swimming areas. ƒ Class IV is mainly applicable to the water for industrial use and entertainment which has no direct contact with human body. ƒ Class V is mainly applicable to water bodies for agricultural use and landscape requirement. Chemical criteria applicable to these 5 classes are detailed in Appendix 2.
1.1.10 Other Water Quality Standards
ƒ Standard for drinking water is provided by regulation GJ3020-1993; ƒ Groundwater Quality Standards GB/T14848-1993.
1.1.11 Standards for Effluents from Industry and from WWTP
Key standards include: ƒ Comprehensive Standard for Wastewater Discharge (GB8978 – 1996); ƒ Quality of Sewage Water Discharged into Urban Sewers (CJ3082 1999); ƒ Standard for Pollutants Discharged from Urban and Town Sewage Treatment Plants (GB18918 2002); ƒ GB 4284-1984 is used as the control standard for pollutants in sludge for agricultural use.
1.1.12 Standards for Solid Waste Management
Key standards include: ƒ Urban Municipal Solid Waste Technical Standard 1989, Ministry of Construction; ƒ Ordinance of Urban Appearance and Environmental Sanitation Management, adopted by the State Council, August 1992; ƒ The Technical Policies for Municipal Solid Waste Treatment and Pollution Prevention, promulgated by MOC, MST and SEPA, May 29, 2000.
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1.1.13 Other Regulations & Standards
Several other standards related to air quality and noise should apply either during the construction or operation phases of BIEIP, including: ƒ Environmental Air Quality Standard (GB3095—1996) with regulation GB3095-96 for fluoride and standard for maximum concentration of chlorine from Industry Designing Sanitary Standards (TJ36-1979). ƒ Standards for the Protection of Crops (GB9173—88) set the maximum concentration of some air pollutants in order to preserve the safe consumption of crops. ƒ Class II standard of Urban Area Environmental Noise Standards GB3096-1995, which applies to residential, commercial and industrial mixed area. ƒ Urban Area Environmental Vibration Standards GB10070-88, which apply to mixed area and commercial centre area, day 75dB (A), night 72dB (A). ƒ Comprehensive Emission Standards of Air Pollutant (GB16297-1996) for exhaust gas; ƒ Limiting Values for Construction Area (GB12523—90) for noise from construction activities.
2.4. World Bank Safeguards
For any project processed with the participation of an International Funding Agency, in addition to the fulfillment of national requirements, the proponent must also satisfy the requirements of the funding organization. The World Bank requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for financing to ensure that they are designed in an environmentally sound and sustainable manner, and that the environmental and social policies of the WB are satisfied. These requirements are detailed in the following reference safeguards: Environmental Issues Safeguards: ƒ Operational Policy 4.01, Environmental Assessment, January 1999 (including Annex A, B and C, dated January 1999) ƒ Operational Policy 4.04, Natural Habitats, June 2001 ƒ Operational Policy 4.36, Forests, September 1993 (including Annex A, dated March 1993) ƒ Operational policy 4.09, Pest Management, December 1998 ƒ Operational Policy 4.37, Safety of Dams, October 2001 Social & Political Issues Safeguards ƒ Operational Policy 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement, December 2001 ƒ Operational Directive 4.20, Indigenous Peoples, September 1991 ƒ Operational Policy 4.11, Cultural Property, August 1999 ƒ Operational Policy 7.50, Projects on International Waterways, June 2001 ƒ Operational Policy 7.60, Projects in Disputed Areas, June 2001 ƒ Bank Policy 15.50, related to Information Disclosure For the present BIEIP project, the following safeguards will be triggered: ƒ Operational Policy 4.01, Environmental Assessment ƒ Operational Policy 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement, ƒ Bank Policy 15.50, related to Information Disclosure.
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3. Environmental Policy Framework
3.1. Main Environmental Issues and Strategies in Huai River Basin
1.1.14 Water Pollution
The water pollution of Huai River Basin started in the late 1970’s and exacerbated in 1980’s. The large-scale water pollution accidents took place more and more frequently in Huai River Basin in recent decades, respectively in 1989, 1992, 1994 and 1995.Thereafter, relevant pollution control strategies and policies have been successively issued by the State Council and local governments to alleviate the conditions, such as the “Provisional Regulations on Water Pollution Control of Huai River Basin” (Aug. 8th 1995, the first river basin water pollution control regulation in China), the “Water Pollution Control Plan and the Ninth-five-year plan of Huai River Basin” (Jun. 29th 1996) and the “Tenth-five-year Plan for Water Pollution Control of Huai River Basin”. The water pollution targets for the whole Huai River Basin are divided into two phases: the first is to make the discharge from all the industrial polluters in the basin up to standard and to reduce the COD discharge from 1.5million tons of 1993 to 890,000 tons by the end of 1997; and the second is to construct 52 municipal WWTPs for the whole basin and to further reduce the COD discharge to 368,000 tons so as to improve the water quality of the main stream of Huai River, upstream of Yi River and key drinking water sources up to the Class III standard and that of other rivers up to the Class IV standard. With the great efforts put in Huai River Basin (including the compulsory shutdown of hundreds of heavily polluting small industries and the administration over the key industrial polluters in the basin), significant accomplishments have been made over the last 12 years. Especially during the “Ninth-five- year” period (1996-2000), the key pollutant, COD discharge, has dropped from the 1.5million tons of 1995 to 1.167million tons of 1998 and 0.94million tons of 2000 (respectively by 22.2% and 36.9%); in 2000, the water quality compliant rate at the provincial boundary has increased by 8.8% compared with the 1995 level; and there is significant decrease of major water pollution accidents in the basin. However, after 2001, with the completion of the first phase Huai River pollution control action, the pollutant discharge into the river increased again in recent years. In 2003, the COD discharged into the river was up to 1.23million tons, 30% beyond the 2000 level. The water quality compliant rate at the provincial boundary showed a gradually decreasing trend, from the 29.1% of 2000 to the 25.8% of 2001 and the 24.6% of 2002. Even with the dilution of the biggest flood in 50 years, the overall water quality compliant rate of 2003 was only 38.4%. 82 of the key controlled cross sections are classified as Class V or worse than Class V, and about 82% of the cross sections haven’t reached the predefined target. The existing problems mainly include: 1. The incompliant pollution discharge by key industrial polluters remains the major cause for the pollution exacerbation. By the end of 2003, only 51.7% of the industrial outfalls could meet the discharge requirements. And the industrial pollution contributes to about 70% of the total COD discharge in the river basin. 2. The construction of many planned municipal WWTPs is behind schedule, and the normal operation of constructed WWTPs could not be ensured. 3. The agricultural non-point pollution hasn’t been effectively controlled, so that the NH3-N concentration is far beyond the standard requirement. 4. The ecological water use has been seriously taken into consideration in the exploitation and allocation of water resource. Therefore, during the dry season, some rivers are dried up, and the self-purification capacity of the water bodies will be affected.
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In view of the above mentioned problems, in Oct. 2005, SEPA has issued the new water pollution control targets for Huai River Basin with the focus on the control and treatment of industrial and domestic wastewater from the urban area. The targets are further divided into three phases: a) By the end of 2005, the completion and operation rate of key pollution control projects should be no lower than 60%; b) By the end of 2007, 90% of the key pollution control projects should be put into operation, and the treatment rate of domestic wastewater from the municipalities in Shandong, Jiangsu Provinces, etc. should at least reach 70%; c) By the end of 2010, the water quality of the main stream of Huai River should reach the Class III target, and the water quality of the major tributaries of Huai River should meet the Class IV or Class V requirements.
1.1.15 Water Scarcity
Due to the spatio-temporal imbalance of water resource distribution, the Huai River Basin is an area facing the problem of severe water shortage with the per-capita water resource amount of 488m3, which is lower than 1/4 of the nationally average level. According to the “Water Resource Development ’Ninth-five-year’ plan for the Huai River Plan”, with the construction of proposed water supply projects, by 2000 for the normal year, the water supply of the Huai River Basin is basically sufficient; However, for the moderately dry year, there is still a gap of 8.38billion m3 water demand in the Huai River Basin, which means 10% water deficiency rate; and for the very dry year, the gap of water demand would be 24.27billion m3, which means 26% water demand deficiency. In 95% of the very dry years, the guarantee rate of agricultural irrigation water supply would not be reached. In such years, the adopted strategies are to minimize the agricultural water use, to save other water uses, and to properly increase he groundwater use for the area north of the Huai River (Wangjiaba~Bengbu) and the area west of the Nansi Lake. In addition to the optimization of water resource management in the basin, the cross-basin water transfer is a possible solution to mitigate the water supply shortage of the Huai River Basin in view of its vicinity to the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. By 2010, it is expected that the water shortage of the Huai River Basin would still be of water resource type. However, the construction of the eastern and middle sections of “South-north water transfer project” and the cross-basin water transfer project of Anhui Province will significantly alleviate the water shortage in Huai River Basin, so that in the normal year, the water supply will be generally sufficient. At the same time, the area north of the Huai River upstream of Wangjiaba, the area between Wangjiaba and Bengbu, and the eastern area of Nansi Lake will remain a water deficiency rate beyond 20%. For these areas, it is proposed to strictly control the development of the industries with high water consumption, promote the water conservancy, and properly increase the cross-basin water transfer and the utilization of sea water.
3.2. Relevant Plannings of Bengbu Municipality
1.1.16 Bengbu Municipal Urban Short-term Construction Plan
This short-term plan is prepared for the Bengbu urban area, the Tushan Mount Scenic Area and part of the Mohekou Industrial Park, covering a total area of 680km2 by 2010.
1.1.16.1 General Objectives The following objectives are expected to be achieved by 2010: z Construct 140km new roads, and the per-capita road area reaches 10.2m2; z The per-capita public greening area is about 7m2, and the greening coverage rate of the constructed area reaches 30.3%; z The urban water supply capacity is up to 560000m3/d, the per-capita water consumption is 220l/d, and the coverage rate of water supply service is beyond 99%; RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 30/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project z The urban centralized wastewater treatment capacity reaches 275000m3/d, the centralized wastewater treatment rate is 73.3% and the harmless treatment rate of solid waste reaches 90%; z The water quality compliant rate of rivers and lakes is over 70%, and the water quality compliant rate of urban water supply source is beyond 95%; z The flood control capability of the North Huai River dyke and the urban area is up to the one in 100 years standard.
1.1.16.2 Relocation of Industries and Construction of Industrial Parks In order to adapt to the overall development master plan, it is planned to gradually move some existing polluting industries from the old urban area and the suburban area into the new industrial parks. z Movement and relocation of industries The existing industries planned to be moved and relocated include Anhui Global Pharmaceutical Company, People Printing Plant, Bengbu Tiancheng Co. Ltd., the cement plant, the cement product plant, Chemical Mechanical Manufacture Company, Longhua Machines Plant, the glass plant, Xinfeng Flour Plant, the electronic optical material plant, Bayi Chemical Co. Ltd., Hailuo Cement Company, Xinmin Glass Co. Ltd., etc. z Newly increased industrial land use The new industrial parks are showed in the following table. Table 3: New industrial parks
No. Name Area Location Major Industries Involved (ha) 1 West City Industrial Park & 546 automobile parts, electronic information, Gaoxin District biochemical and new materials 2 Bengbu Industrial Park 451 Huaishang District mechanical manufacture, automobile fittings, textile & garments, and food processing 3 Longzi Lake Glass Industrial 158 glass and glass further processing, Park & Changhuai Industrial cement industry and metallurgy industry Park 4 Jiangqiao Logistics Processing 115 Bengshan District electronic information and urban Zone and Xincheng District industries
1.1.16.3 Environmental Protection Plan z Water— By 2010, the water quality of the main Huai River should reach the standard of Class III or above, and the water quality of the tributaries should reach the standard of Class IV or above. The treatment rate of industrial wastewater should be 100% and the treatment rate of domestic wastewater should reach 73%; z Air— The air pollution index for the urban area should be controlled within the Class II ambient air standard, the yearly average of TSP in the air should be no more than 0.2mg/m3, the yearly average of SO2 concentration should be within 0.02mg/m3, and the yearly average of NO2 should be lower than 0.025mg/m3. The treatment rate of industrial waste gas should be 100%, and the treatment rate of vehicle exhaust gas should be 80%; z Noise— The ambient noise of the urban area should be controlled within 56dB, the noise of the urban traffic trunks should be within 68dB, and the compliant rate of the ambient noise in the urban area should reach 50%;
RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 31/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project z Solid waste— Almost all the solid waste should be collected and sorted, the harmless treatment rate of solid waste should reach 90%; The night soil treatment should be integrated into the urban wastewater treatment system. 100% of the urban domestic solid waste should be containerized for collection. The treatment of hazardous waste should be strengthened, and Zero-discharge of hazardous waste should be ensured.
1.1.17 Bengbu Municipal Wastewater & Storm Drainage Master Plan
As an old industrial city, the drainage system of Bengbu Municipality is constructed and connected by catchments and by phase.
1.1.17.1 Bengbu Municipal Wastewater Drainage Master Plan According to the wastewater drainage master plan, it is projected that the wastewater generation of Bengbu Municipality will respectively reach 494,100m3/d and 728,300m3/d by 2010 and 2020. Table 4: Bengbu Municipality Estimated Wastewater Amount 10,000 m3/d
Current Situation 2010 2020 South North South North South North Item of Huai of Huai Total of Huai of Huai Total of Huai of Huai Total River River River River River River Planned Wastewater 31.1 0.45 31.55 43.65 5.76 49.41 61.31 11.52 72.83 Amount (m3) Wastewater Treatment 32.2 0 31.7 74.5 86.8 75.9 89.7 86.8 89.3 Percentage (%) Wastewater Treatment 10 0 10 32.5 5 37.5 55 10 65 Capacity (m3/d) Bengbu urban area is proposed to be divided into four wastewater catchments as shown in Figure 6, which are respectively served by four municipal WWTPs. The catchment division and the related information are detailed in Table 5.
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Figure 6: Overview of Bengbu Urban Wastewater and Storm Drainage Plan
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Table 5: Planned Wastewater Drainage System
Treatme Name of Type of Served Name of Planned nt Discharge Wastewater Drainage Area Correspondi Catchment Scope Capacity Outlet Subcatchment System (ha) ng WWTP (m3/d)
East of Heihushan Rd.; west of Laohu Mixture of Mountain-Hangxing Xijiagou Phase 1: Xijiagou Xijiagou Combined Road-Fenyong WWTP (No.1 100,000; Canal and Wastewater & 2025 Street-Shengping WWTP, in then Huai Catchment Separate Phase 2: Street; north of operation) River systems 100,000 Yanshan Rd.; south of Huai River
East of Laohu Mount- Hangxing Rd- Fenyong St- Mixture of Shengping St; west Yangtaizi Phase 1: Baojiagou Yangtaizi Combined of Longzi Lake, WWTP (No.2 100,000; Canal and Wastewater & 4251 South of Huai River WWTP, in then Huai Catchment Separate Phase 2: and North of No.5 design) River systems Huochang Rd 100,000
East of Longzi Lake, west of Zhuizi Mount
Baligou South City Subcatchment, West WWTP (No.4 South City Separate Yanshan WWTP, under Wastewater 2482 155000 Huai River system Subcatchment, and planning, to Catchment East Yanshan be completed Subcatchment by 2012)
The whole Huaishang Phase 1: Huaishang District WWTP (No.3 25000; Huaishang including Xiaobengbu WWTP, under Separate Phase 2: Wastewater area, Wuxiaojie area, 1950 construction, Huai River system 50000; Catchment the middle area and Phase 1 to be North River Industrial completed by Phase 3: Park Jun.2008) 80000
1.1.17.2 Bengbu Municipal Storm Drainage Master Plan
Bengbu urban area is divided into six storm drainage areas according to the receiving water body and the drainage approach, which include the South River Pumping-drainage Area, Longzi Lake Drainage Area, Xijiagou Drainage Area, Baligou Drainage Area, Baojiagou Drainage Area and North River Drainage Area. These drainage areas are further divided into 27 drainage systems in urban planning area according to the topographic characters. The total area of storm water catchments included in the urban drainage system is up to 175km2, and the accumulated design flow is 775m3/s. The storm water excluded in the urban drainage system is discharged along the existing ditches and canals. See Table 6 for details.
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Table 6: Planning of Storm Drainage Catchments in Bengbu Urban Area
Catchment Area (km2) Accumulated Name of Drainage Receiving No. Planned Design Drainage Area Total Area 3 Approach Water Body Area Flow m /s South River Pumped in Huai River, 1 Pumping- 20.9 20.9 119.12 the flooding Xijiagou Canal drainage Area season Longzi Lake 2 140 48.76 256.5 Free Flow Longzi Lake Drainage Area Xijiagou Drainage 3 49.6 24.49 132.5 Free Flow Xijiagou Canal Area Baligou Drainage 4 23 11.24 81.6 Free Flow Baligou Canal Area Baojiagou Drainage 5 35.4 12.26 54.6 Free Flow Baojiagou Ditch Area Pumped in North River 6 45.7 25.74 130.4 the flooding Huai River Drainage Area season
1.1.18 Bengbu Municipal “Eleventh-five-year” Environmental Protection Objectives
The Bengbu Eleventh-five-year Environmental Protection Master Plan is prepared for 2010. The whole Bengbu Municipality is covered by this plan. The major task of the “Eleventh-five- year” environmental protection is to control the deterioration of water environment and to further reduce the total pollutant discharge of industrial wastewater, domestic wastewater and agricultural non-point pollution. The detailed targets are summarized as follows: z Water
- Ensure the up-to-standard water quality of drinking water sources: Strengthen the construction of drinking water source conservation areas, such as the area for the No.3 WTP, and improve the water quality compliant rate of the centralized drinking water sources above 95%;
- Accelerate the construction of wastewater treatment facilities – By 2010, the newly increased wastewater treatment capacity should reach 290,000m3/d, which will made the overall treatment capacity up to 545,000m3/d and the treatment rate up to 70%.The sewage from the new planned area should be collected and transferred to the WWTP. And the treated effluent of the WWTPs should comply with the Class 1A standard before discharging into the Class III surface water bodies (according to the classification of GB3838-2002). The water quality of the main Huai River should at least meet the Class III standard while the primary tributaries should at least meet the Class IV standard; RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 35/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
- Strengthen the control of industrial polluters—Implement strict inspection and administration regulation over the polluting industries, such as chemical, brewery, textile & dyeing, tannery, plating, paper-making and food processing; Implement the overall on-line monitoring system for the new urban WWTPs, solid waste incinerators and key industrial polluters to effectively prevent the secrete discharge; Implement the mass load control system for pollutant discharge, the pollutant discharge permission system and the reduction plan for the total discharge of major pollutants;
- Control the pollution from the poultry and stockbreeding industries;
- Comprehensively control the agricultural non-point pollution by strictly control the use of pesticides and fertilizers. z Air
- Strengthen the treatment of industrial pollution to realize the up-to-standard emission of polluting sources;
- Strengthen the administrative control over the exhaust gas emission of vehicles;
- Focus on the control over the domestic polluting sources and the flying dust from traffic and construction activities. z Noise
- Control the regional environmental noise to improve the coverage rate of noise up- to-standard area up to 60% as soon as possible;
- Control the traffic noise—Control the average value of the noise from the traffic trunks within 70dB;
- Control the noise of construction activities;
- Take proper measure to cope with the fixed noise sources. z Solid waste
- Accelerate the construction of solid waste treatment & disposal projects—six new solid waste treatment plants (sites) and one medical waste disposal centre are planned for the horizon of 2010. By 2010, it is expected that the harmless treatment rate of the domestic solid waste in Bengbu Municipality will reach 60%, and the centralized treatment rate of hazardous waste will reach 100%;
- Strengthen the comprehensive recycling and utilization of solid waste—By 2010, the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste should reach 85%;
- Strengthen the management of hazardous waste— A 5t/d medical waste disposal centre will be constructed. By 2010, there should be no discharge of hazardous waste;
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- Complete the collection and transportation system for construction waste and solid waste from water bodies. z Ecological Environment
- Enhance the ecological construction—By 2010, improve the forest coverage rate in the municipality to 18% and the greening rate of constructed area to 40%, and increase the per-capita public greening area in the urban area up to 9m2;
- Well protect the ecological functional zones—By 2010, the area of land natural conservation zones reaches 12% of the total area;
- Implement compulsory protection for resource development. z Circular Economy
- Construct ecological industrial parks— Focus on the construction of 9 ecological industrial parks. By 2007 the small- and middle-scale polluting industries should be relocated, and by 2010 all the polluting industries should be moved into the industrial parks;
- Develop the ecological agricultural parks;
- Construct the resource circular economy by establishing the recycling and reuse system for urban domestic solid waste, special used materials and urban treated wastewater together with the regional industrial hazardous waste incineration centre, the used batteries and fluorescent lamp tube disposal centre, the medical waste disposal centre, etc;
In order to achieve all the above targets by 2010, totally 80 environmental protection projects have also been identified in the master plan, such as:
- Drinking water source pollution control project for three counties;
- Wetland ecological environmental construction project for the groundwater conservation area in Huaishang District;
- Water quality protection project for Qian River as strategic urban water supply source;
- Longzi Lake integrated rehabilitation project
- Zhangongshan Pond integrated rehabilitation project
- Wastewater treatment projects for some key polluter of Bengbu Municipality;
- Relocation of some key polluters of Bengbu;
- Wastewater treatment plants for Bengbu urban area and three counties;
- Bengbu domestic sanitary solid waste landfill site (Phase I & II);
- Solid waste disposal site for Huaishang District and three counties
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- Medical solid waste disposal centre of Bengbu Municipality;
- Sludge disposal project of Bengbu wastewater treatment plants;
- Flood control and ecological environment improvement project for the southern and northern banks of Huai River;
- Environmental monitoring capability building;
- Construction of Bengbu Environmental Information System; etc.
- Many of these projects are being implemented with the government investment. And some of them will be included in BIEIP using the World Bank financing, which include:
- Longzi Lake integrated rehabilitation project;
- Flood control and ecological environment improvement project for the northern banks of Huai River;
- Environmental monitoring capability building; etc.
1.1.19 Bengbu Municipality Eleventh-five-year Plan for Water Resource Development
1.1.19.1 General Objectives z Complete the flood control & storm drainage system --The treatment of such primary mainstream & tributary as Huai river, Guo river, Beifei river & Xie river should be enhance to improve the integrated flood control & storm drainage ability. Meanwhile, to improve the storm drainage capacity and reinforce the flood control & anti- drought emergency system, flood control pumping station in each depression of the five tributaries as Tianhe, Longzi river, Qian river ,Xie river & downstream Beifei River should be considered, while the flood control pumping station improvement projects of Beifei River dike ,Jingshan Lake & Mohekou depression as well as storm drainage ditch treatment projects also need to be implemented z Establish the secure and reliable water supply security system -----Focusing on the current water resources and making full use of the potentiality of water saving and floods to ensure urban water supply safety, then carrying on the construction to protect urban drink water sources like Tianhe Lake and Qian River. Finally, the water resource distribution ability should also be enhanced to improve the rural drink water quality by carrying on drink water safety project in rural area. z Establish sustainable and effective water environmental protection system ------Sticking to combining the engineering measures with non-engineering measures to tap, utilize and protect water resources. Also the soil and water conservation should be activated
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and the wet land should be taped and protected intentionally, reasonably and step by step. z Establish stable water resource development system in rural area ------To guarantee the agricultural development, stable society and income rise in rural area, the farmland and water resources construction should be continuously strengthened and the drainage situation should be improved. z Establish normalized and effective water management and service system ------The water information collection system and decision-making assistant system should be set up to further improve the emergency schema for flood control and anti-drought.
1.1.19.2 Targets of Water Resource Development z Flood control and storm drainage ------By 2010, the flood control standard for protection area like Huaibei dike and Bengbu urban area will reach 1-in-100 year flood while the flood control standard of major tributaries like Hui river. Xie River, Qian River, Tuo River, downstream Beifei River etc will almost rise to 1-in-20 year flood thus the flood control standard for Bengbu city, Huaiyuan county, Guzhen county and Wuhe county will fundamentally meet the national requirement. Besides the flood disaster warning system ought to be established and the depression storm drainage projects in key region should be built based on 1-in-10 years flood to fully upgrade the drainage capacity. z Drink water safety----The water sources protection project in urban area will be radically finished in 2010. z Country water resources ----During the “the eleventh-five-year plan”, the irrigative land equipping, water-saving rehabilitation and farming land storm drainage system construction will be activated and the surface and ground water will be attributed scientifically and rationally. By 2010, the new drainage area will be 500,000 mu while the improved will be 500,000mu.The standard reclaimed farmland reclaim will attain to 800,000mu with common storm drainage standard of 1 in 5 ~10years flood. By 2020, the reclaimed farmland reclaim will be 2 million mu with a drainage standard of 1 in 10years flood. z Water resources protection and ecological treatment ------By 2010, the water quality up- to-standard rate for the primary rivers and lakes will get to above 70% and the water sources for urban area will go up to above 95%.The treatment projects for Longzi lake and Xijiagou should be launched to ensure the water quality of Longzi lake and Zhanggongshan pond basically meet the water requirement for landscape. By 2020, the water quality up-to-standard rate for the primary rivers and lakes will reach above 90% and the water sources for urban area will go to above 98%.
1.1.20 Construction Plan of Bengbu Ecological City
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In order to construct Bengbu Municipality into an ecological city, the following targets have been developed respectively of the short term (2010), intermediate term (2015) and long term (2020) horizons. z Water
- Short term: By 2010, the up-to-standard rate in water functional region will be 75%, industrial wastewater treatment rate will be 98% sewage treatment rate will be 70%
- Intermediate term: By 2015, the up-to-standard rate in water functional region will be 90%; industrial wastewater treatment rate will be 99% sewage treatment rate will be 80%
- Long term: By 2020, the up-to-standard rate in water functional region will be 100%, industrial wastewater treatment rate will be 100% sewage treatment rate will be 90%. z Air
- Short term: By 2010, the urban air environment should be maintained at the same level in 2005 and all the functional regions should meet the air standard.
- Intermediate term: By 2015, the urban air environment quality can be expected at the favorable level with an industrial exhaust treatment rate of 100%.
- Long term: By 2020, the urban air quality can be expected to be upgraded based on the favorable level with an industrial exhaust treatment rate of 100%. z Solid waste
- Short term: By 2010, the integrated utilization rate of urban industrial solid waste will be up to 85% compared with domestic waste harmless dispose of 100%, and utilization of more than 10%.
- Intermediate term: By 2015, the integrated utilization rate of urban industrial solid waste will be up to 100% compared with domestic waste harmless dispose of 100%, classified collection of more than 30% and utilization of more than 15%.
- Long term: By 2020, the integrated utilization rate of urban industrial solid waste will be up to 100% compared with domestic waste harmless dispose of 100%, classified collection of more than 60% and utilization of more than 20%.
3.3. Project Conformity with the Master Plans
The content of the Bengbu integrated environmental treatment project financed by the World Bank loan is determined in line with the overall development plan of Bengbu city, water conservancy development plan and the environmental protection goal in the Eleventh Five- Year Plan period. The conformity for the project contents with the master plans of Bengbu Municipality is shown in the following table. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 40/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 7: Conformity of the Proposed Projects with Existing Master Plans
Name of No. Planned Objectives Related Sub-projects Contents of Proposed Projects Plans Sub-project 3 — Urban environmental infrastructure improvment - Road building in the Jingfa District 1 Urban construction goal — by 2010, 140km of Sub-project 5 — Flood management and storm - Construction of riverside road and its branch new road will be built with per-capita road area of drainage and infrastructure improvement in Huaishang road in Huaishang District 10.2m2 district - Road building in Chengguan town of Sub-project 7 — Integrated environmental treatment in Huaiyuan county Huaiyuan county Bengbu Urban 2 Safeguard goal of water resources — to set up Short-term the water security system, increase the bearing Sub-project 1 — Tianhe flood control project - Construction of Tianhe storm drainage 1 Construction capacity of water environment and improve storm Sub-project 2 — Longzi Lake flood management and station Plan drainage of Tianhe Lake and water environment of storm drainage and environmental improvement - Desilting works of Longzi Lake Longzi Lake 3) Key environmental improvement area — Xijiagou Sub-project 4 — Xijiagou and Baligou environmental - Xijiagou desilting and revetment greening — Zhanggongshan Pond—Yinghe neighboring area treatment project 4 Industry relocation and park construction — - Construction of infrastructure, sewage pipe new industrial land and newly-built industrial park; Sub-project 8 — Integrated environmental treatment in network and treatment plant in Mohekou construction of industrial park and district and Mohekou of Wuhe county Industry Zone centralized sewage treatment Sub-project 3 — Urban environmental infrastructure 11th-Five-Year improvment 1 Urban flood prevention — construction of storm - Wuxiaojie storm drainage PS Plan for Water Sub-project 5 — Flood management and storm 2 drainage PS (reconstruction of Xinchuantang, - Xinchuantang storm drainage PS Conservancy drainage & infrastructure improvement in Huaishang Nanshijia and Wuxiaojie PSs - Nanshijia storm drainage PS Development district
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Name of No. Planned Objectives Related Sub-projects Contents of Proposed Projects Plans Sub-project 2 — Longzi Lake flood management and storm drainage and environmental improvement - Desilting of Baligou 2 Internal ditch treatment project for Baligou, Sub-project 4 — Xijiagou and Baligou environmental - Desilting of Xijiagou Xijiagou, Longzi Lake and lower reaches of Beifei treatment - Desilting of Longzi Lake river Sub-project 8 — Integrated environmental treatment in - Desilting of Sanpu canal Mohekou of Wuhe county Sub-project 6 — Integrated environmental treatment in - Desilting of ditches and canals and Guzhen county construction of storm drainage PS in Guzhen 3 Promoting urban flood management project Sub-project 7 — Integrated environmental treatment in - Desilting of flood ditches and construction of construction in Huaiyuan, Guzhen and Wuhe Huaiyuan county storm drainage PS in Huaiyuan counties Sub-project 8 — Integrated environmental treatment in - Construction of storm drainage PS in Sanpu Mohekou of Wuhe county of Wuhe county Sub-project 2 — Longzi Lake flood management and - Implementation of Longzi Lake and Xijiagou 4 Conservation of water resources and water storm drainage and environmental improvement integrated treatment project and environmental treatment Sub-project 4 — Xijiagou and Baligou environmental improvement of urban water environment treatment 5 Key water conservancy project in the 11th Five- Sub-project 1 — Tianhe flood management and storm year Plan period — Construction of Tianhe and drainage Longzi Lake storm drainage stations to upgrade the - Tianhe storm drainage station Sub-project 2 — Longzi Lake flood management and flood management standard in Tianhe depression to - Longzi Lake storm drainage station storm drainage and environmental improvement once in 20 years and the storm drainage standard to once in ten years. , Environmental Sub-project 3 — Urban environmental infrastructure To speed up construction of sewage treatment - Urban sewage collection pipe network Protection Plan improvment facilities — fresh sewage discharged in the planned project 3 for Bengbu Sub-project 6 — Integrated environmental treatment in area should be collected and directed to the sewage - Construction of sewage closure pipelines in Municipality for Guzhen county treatment plant. each part the 11th-five-
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Name of No. Planned Objectives Related Sub-projects Contents of Proposed Projects Plans year period By 2010, 70% of domestic sewage in Bengbu will be brought under centralized treatment; the discharge Sub-project 8 — Integrated environmental treatment in - Sewage treatment plant project in Mohekou from the sewage treatment plant should reach the Mohekou of Wuhe county Industry Zone standard for A, Class I before being discharged into the functional surface water body of Class III. Intensify control over industrial pollution source and build up eco-industrial park — advance the construction of specialized environmental protection park in the pattern of industry park and district Sub-project 8 — Integrated environmental treatment in - Construction of environmental infrastructure construction, centralized sewage treatment and Mohekou of Wuhe county in Mohekou Industry Zone control of the source in combination with industrial restructuring and all the enterprises are required to settle in the Park by 2010. Sub-project 2 — Longzi Lake flood management and storm drainage and environmental improvement - Longzi Lake slope greening project Devote more efforts to eco-improvement — build Sub-project 5 — Flood management and storm - Tree and grass planting around the riverside more riverside greening belts and forge a urban drainage & infrastructure improvement in Huaishang road green passageway district - Grass revetment on the left dyke of Hui River Sub-project 6 — Integrated environmental treatment in Guzhen county
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4. Environmental Baseline Situation
In order to get a full understanding of the current environmental quality in the project areas, the following baseline analysis is carried out on the basis of the existing information, the available routine monitoring data and the results from the specific monitoring activities targeted at the proposed project areas, as listed below. - Collection of the following monitoring data
z Air: 1) the 2005 and 2006 routine air monitoring data of the Bengbu urban area for the urban (south of Huai River) project; 2) the historical monitoring data for the area near the Huaishang, Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe projects sites due to the lack of routine air monitoring point;
z Water: 1) the 2005 and 2006 water monitoring data of the routine monitoring cross-sections (Bengbu Gate, Xintieqiao Bridge and Mohekou) for the Bengbu section of the Huai River for the urban (south of Huai River) project; 2) the routine water monitoring data of the Huai River tributaries including Hui River, Guo River and Huaihongxin River for the Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe projects; 3) the 2005 and 2006 surface water monitoring data for the Bengbu urban area, such as Tianhe Lake, Longzi Lake, Xijiagou Canal, Zhanggongshan Pond and Sanpu Great Ditch, supplemented by the historical monitoring data, the 2005 and 2006 water quality monitoring data for the centralized wastewater outfalls of Bengbu urban area; the wastewater quality monitoring data of the key industrial polluters in Bengbu Municipality as the background information;
z Noise: 1) the 2006 noise monitoring data for the Bengbu urban area; 2) the 2006 road traffic noise monitoring and statistic data for the Bengbu urban area;
z Other data: 1) the 2006 historical monitoring data for the sediment of Longzi Lake provided by the Municipal EPB; 2) Reference of Anhui Province soil environmental background value; 3) the historical groundwater monitoring data for the Longzi Lake area provided by the Municipal EPB. - Special Monitoring Work
z Noise: Special noise monitoring work has been carried out specifically for the eight sub-projects around the project sites, especially at the sensitive points around the proposed PSs and the construction activities;
z Sediment: The sediment monitoring mainly targets at the canals and ponds to be desilted in BIEIP. The sampling points are selected based on the following principles: 1) The canals and ditches with large desilting quantities should be selected for sampling, such as Longzi Lake, Baligou Canal, Sanpu Great Ditch in Wuhe County, and Camel Ridge Pond in Huaiyuan County; 2) The badly polluted
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canals and ditches in BIEIP desilting projects should be selected for sampling, such as the Ying River Section of Xijiagou Canal, Niushi Alley Pond of Chengguan Township in Guzhen County; 3) Sampling points should be located in the sections receiving the discharge of centralized industial wastewater outfalls, such as the confluent of Mochongyin River and Sanpu Great Ditch in Wuhe County; 4) For the desilting projects for several ponds in the same catchment, on principle one point should be selected for the baseline monitoring, such as the flood discharge ditch in Huaiyuan County, the upstream section of Mochongyin River in Wuhe County, the upstream section of Sanpu Great Ditch and the No.2 ditch in Huaishang District. The detailed monitoring and sampling points are shown in the maps of Annex 1.
4.1. Topography
The majority of Bengbu Municipality is occupied by plains with relatively centralized hills and many interlaced inland rivers, canals and lakes. The area to the north of Huai River is mostly plain, accounting for about 86% of the whole municipality. To the south of Huai River, there is mainly incontinuous hilly area with some lakes, which accounts for about 9% of the whole municipality. And the water surface accounts for 8% of the whole municipality, including the rivers like Huai River, Guo River, Huaihongxin River and the lakes like Sifang Lake, Tuo Lake and Xiangjian Lake.
4.2. Climate
Bengbu is at the northern edge of North Subtropical Zone and in the humid region of subtropical monsoon climate. As located on the boundary of warm temperate zone and subtropical zone, the area is climatically characterized by long winter and summer, short spring and autumn, concentrated rainfall during the wet season, abundant illumination, rich heat, and long frostless period. In winter, the area is controlled by Siberian High Pressure and dominated by the north-west wind, the climate is dry with little rainfall; however, in summer, the area is influenced by Pacific Subtropical High Pressure and dominated by the south-east wind, the climate is hot and humid with concentrated rainfall. The frequent confrontation of inter-annual cold and warm air mass activities results in the concentrated rainfall. The annual average precipitation is 905.4mm, and the average frostless period is 217 days. The dominant wind direction in Bengbu for a year is east, NE for the first season, E for the second season, EN for the third season and EN for the forth season. The calm wind frequency for a whole year is 6%, the average wind speed for years is 2.5m/s, and the average wind speed in the flooding season from June to September is 2.3m/s. The maximum wind speed is in June, which is 3.0m/s by average, and the minimum wind speed is in January and August, which is 2.1m/s by average.
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4.3. Hydrology
In Bengbu Municipality, there lie many rivers and lakes (as shown in Figure 7), which respectively belong to Huai River water system and Huaihongxin River water system as presented below.
Table 8: Composition of Water Systems in Bengbu
Name of Catchment Names of Key Name of Key Low- Water Area Names of Key Rivers Lakes lying Areas System (km2)
Huai River Tangyu Lake, Jingshan Lake, To the left of Huai River: Nihei Kongjin Lake, River, Qianhuaixin River, Qian Main stream Qianhewa Lake, Fangqiu Lake, River, Guo River; of Huai 2120 Tianhewa Lake Xiangfu Section, River To the right of Huai River: and Longzi Lake Linbei Section, Dushan River, Tianhe, Baligou Sanchong Lake, Canal, Xijiagou Canal and Sanpu Lake, Longzi River Huayuan Lake
Sifang Lake, Xiehewa Lake, Huajiagoul, Huaihongxin River, Middle- Xiangjian Lake, Liancheng, Huaihongxin stream and downstream of Zhangjia Lake, 3832 Jiuwan, Heinigou, River Beifei River, Xie River, Baohui Tuo Lake, Tianjing Malagou, Longtan River and Tuo River Lake, Diaoyutai Lake Lake, Sancha River
The average runoff depth in Bengbu Municipality is 246.4mm, and the corresponding runoff quantity is 1.5billion m3. The average flow of Huai River is 841m3/s with the annual passing runoff quantity of 26.5billion m3. More than 60 rivers and lakes cover a water surface area around 400km2 with the water storage of 769million m3. The section of Huai River within Bengbu Municipality is 147km with the width between 600-800m and the bottom elevation around 8m (Yellow River elevation system). Bengbu section is in the lower section of the middle-stream Huai River, which is featured by its smallest riverbed elevation difference, only 5% of the total difference of the river. However, 90% of the riverbed elevation difference is concentrated in the upper stream section. The significant difference has resulted in the frequent floods in the middle stream due to large amounts of flood discharge from upstream during the flooding season every year.
The catchment area controlled by the Bengbu Section of Huai River main stream (Upstream of Bengbu Gate) is 121,000km2, accounting for 64.7% of the total catchment of Huai River. The measurement by Bengbu Hydrology Station shows that the average annual flow here is 26.7billion m3 with the maximum of 63.7billion m3 (in the year of 1954) and the minimum of 2.7billion m3 (in 1978). The highest flood level of typical flooding years happened in 1954, which is 22.18m, while the lowest flood level of Huai River Bengbu Section is 10.36m (December 1966). On a yearly basis, the highest water level normally happens in July, which
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Figure 7: Aquatic Systems in Bengbu Municipality RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 48/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
With the completion of the Bengbu Gate, the hydrological characteristics upstream and downstream of the gate have dramatically changed. The upstream water level is normally between 17-18m, while the normal downstream water level is around 13m, which means there is about 4-5m water head difference. Therefore, the regulation of Bengbu Gate has made the flow of Huai River in this section change from smooth flow to stagnant flow. The upstream stagnant section becomes the surface water recharging the groundwater throughout the year, while the downstream section is recharged by the groundwater.
4.4. Geology
Bengbu is in the North China Strata Region, where Lower Proterozoic Wuhe Group Xigu Stratum and Neo-archean Quaternary are growing. Tectonic unit belongs to Sino-Korean Paroplatform, its scale includes Huai River basin and Jianghuai Area. It is only a south-eastern corner of the platform and belongs to the Grade I structural unit. The unit is divided into several secondary units, in which Bengbu is on the Bengbu platform arch of the Grade III unit. The stratum is the Huai River division of North China Strata Region, in which the Middle and Late Paleozoic Stratums are missing. Strata before Early Paleozoic are mainly composed of the metamophic rock and marine strata, and the Strata of Mesozoic Era and Cenozoic Era are mainly composed of terrestrial strata and volcanic rock.
4.5. Soil and Vegetation
There are many types of soil in the municipality. The classification system of the “5 categories taxonomy” is used: soil order, soil great group, soil subgroup, soil genus and soil species. In the whole city, there are 5 soil orders, 8 soil great groups, 13 soil subgroups, 31 soil genuses and 62 soil species. Bengbu is in the transitional area between North Subtropical Zone and South Warm Temperate Zone, across two bioclimatic zones. The topography and geomorphology is complex, so the soil types and distribution are transitional. There is no high mountainous area in the city, so there is no evident rule of vertical spectrum mountainous soil distribution. Although the transitional soil characteristic isn’t evident, the various soil distribution characteristics under corresponding topography and field quality conditions are still clear, so the regional distribution has various forms. Tu Mountain, Jing Mountain, Laohu Mountain, Yan Mountain, Cao Mountain, Zhuizi Mountain, East and West Lu Mountain and Dagong Mountain are acid crystalline rock hills, which form the soil area with yellow-brown soil and Aluminosilisic skeletal soil; Dahong Mountain, Minglong Mountain, Dajin Mountain and Dafei Mountain are carbonate hills, mainly the brown limestone soil; Flood area along Huai River, Guo River, Xie River, Hui River and middle and down streams of Beifei River are distributed with fluvo-aquic soil; low-lying plain in Huaibei and Tianhe Lake area are Shajiang black soil areas. The soil distribution rule from south to north is: yellow-brown soil-fluvo-aquic soil-Shajiang black soil. Bengbu is in the transition zone of deciduous broad-leaved forests in warm temperate zone, deciduous broad-leaved forests in north subtropical zone and evergreen broad-leaved forests, the main vegetation is deciduous broad-leaved forests in warm temperate zone. The native natural vegetation has disappeared because of the historical changes, but the typical north and south trees are distributed in this area. The vegetation can be divided into following types according to the natural vegetation and artificial vegetation: secondary forest shrub, ancient scattered trees, artificial forest, protection forest and surrounding scattered trees, fruit trees, mulberry trees, underbrush, fireweeds, marsh and aquatic vegetation. The artificial forest is monotonous, there are more pure forests and less mixed forests, usually it’s the mixture of black pines, masson pines and locust trees, sawtooth oaks. The protection forest is along Huai River embankment, poplar trees, Chinese parasol trees, deodar RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 49/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project cedars and Chinese locust trees are planted at 2 sides of the urban roads, the greening of suburban roads is poplar trees, willows, paulownia and locust trees. Suburban gardening farms and fruit forests villages have economic forests such as apple trees, pear trees, grapes and pomegranates. There are 415 tree species in the whole city, belonging to 56 families, 102 genuses. There are 140 species of common arbors, 70 species of common bushes and 10 species of vine plants.
4.6. Air
1.1.21 Urban Area
1.1.21.1 Analysis Routine Monitoring Data The analysis of the current air quality in Bengbu urban area is based on the routine monitoring results of air quality provided by the municipal environmental monitoring station. In Bengbu city, there are three routine monitoring points for air quality at the Worker’s Sanatorium, the Department Store Building and the No.2 WTP, which respectively represent the air quality of cultural & educational area, mixed business & residential area and industrial area. The assessment in the report is based on the monitoring data from the 2005 Bengbu Municipal Environmental Quality Report as listed below. Table 9: Air Quality Monitored Data of Bengbu Urban Area in 2005 Unit: mg/m3
Mornitoring Point Worker‘s Department Average for No.2 WTP Mornitoring Item Sanatorium Store the City
Range of monitored values 0.022 0.045 0.013 0.029 0.027 0.062 0.023 0.042
SO2 Incompliant rate % 0 0 0 0
Annual mean 0.034 0.021 0.047 0.034
Range of monitored values 0.029 0.043 0.029 0.061 0.043 0.062 0.036 0.052
NO2 Incompliant rate % 0 0 0 0
Annual mean 0.036 0.040 0.052 0.043
Range of monitored values 0.054 0.082 0.052 0.067 0.058 0.089 0.055 0.079
PM10 Incompliant rate % 1.6 0.6 2.8 1.6
Annual mean 0.069 0.062 0.079 0.070
Table 10: Statistics of Comprehensive Pollution Indices for Key Pollutants at Monitoring Points in 2005
Monitoring Worker‘s Sanatorium Department Store No.2 Water Works
Point Pollution Pollution Pollution Pollution Pollution Pollution Item Load Sub- Load Load Sub- Load Load Sub- Load index Coefficient index Coefficient index Coefficient
SO2 0.57 0.33 0.35 0.24 0.78 0.36
NO2 0.45 0.26 0.50 0.34 0.62 0.28
PM10 0.69 0.40 0.62 0.42 0.79 0.36
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Comprehensive 1.71 1.47 2.19 Pollution Index
It can be seen from the above tables that compared with the Class II standard regulated by the Ambient Air Quality Standard, only the indicator of PM10 shows some incompliance. This is especially the case for the fourth season in a year, which is somewhat related to the dust precipitation intensity and heating by coal firing in winter in Bengbu area. Although not reflected by the above tables, the concentration of NO2 also exceeded the standard to a less extent throughout a year, which indicates the increasing pollution of traffic emission. That means it is necessary to strengthen the pollution control management over the traffic flow and the vehicle exhaust gas. Although Bengbu is not within the controlled area for acidic rain, the situation is getting worse in view of increasing frequency and decreasing pH value of acidic rain taking place in this area (as shown in Table 11). Table 11: Statistics of Acidic Rain in Bengbu (2000-2005) Occurrence Year pH range Average pH value frequency (%) 2000 6.0 4.91~7.60 6.16 2001 5.0 4.85~8.30 6.14 2002 15.4 4.28~7.53 5.46 2003 17.8 4.23~7.83 6.29 2004 17.9 3.42~7.91 6.21 2005 59.5 3.46~7.74 5.39
1.1.21.2 Tianhe Area For the area around Tianhe, there are two routine air quality monitoring points, one is near Laoguanxu at Heihu Mount and the other is in the Tianhe Fishery. The indicators include TSP, PM10, SO2 and NO2. The monitoring results and corresponding analysis (based on the method of single-factor index as presented in Annex 4) are shown in the following table. Table 12: Air Quality Monitoring and Analysis around Tianhe in 2005 Unit mg/m3
Laoguanxu at Heihu Mount Tianhe Fishery (GB3095-1996)
Item Range of Single Range of Single Class II Daily Daily monitored Factor monitored Factor mean mean Daily Mean value Index Pi value Index Pi
SO2 0.005~0.095 0.017 0.11 0.005~0.054 0.010 0.07 0.15
NO2 0.005~0.098 0.035 0.29 0.011~0.094 0.043 0.36 0.12
PM10 0.044~0.217 0.121 0.81 0.034~0.087 0.053 0.35 0.15
TSP 0.099~0.404 0.241 0.80 0.069~0.122 0.081 0.27 0.30
It can be seen from the above statistics that air quality around Tianhe area and its northern hilly land is good and compliant with the Class II standard of the Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996). Among others, the air quality around Tianhe is better than that
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1.1.22 Three Counties
As no routine air monitoring points is available in the three counties of Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe, the historical monitored data provided by the local EPBs are used in the environmental assessment.
1.1.22.1 Huaiyuan County The evaluation of the current air quality in Huaiyuan County is based on the historical moni monitored data provided by Huaiyuan County EPB. The sampling point is in the new county government yard. The monitored indicators include TSP, SO2 and NO2, and the results of monitoring and analysis are listed in the following Table 13. Table 13: Results of Air Quality Assessment for Huaiyuan County
3 3 3 TSP( mg/m ) SO2( mg/m ) NO2( mg/m )
Monitoring Data (Daily Mean) 0.169 0.005 0.017
Central Urban Area (Class II Area) Ii 0.56 0.33 0.14
Food Processing Park (Class III Area) Ii 0.34 0.02 0.14 Jingshan Area (Class I Area) Ii 1.4 0.1 0.21
From the monitoring data above it can be seen that the TSP, SO2 and NO2 concentrations in the central urban area and the Food Processing Park of Huaiyuan in 2004 has reached the control requirements for the functional zones; The SO2 and NO2 concentrations of Jingshan Area are compliant with the requirements of functional zones, but the TSP concentration could not meet the requirement, which is related to the rock exposure and soil erosion due to the destroy of ground surface vegetation by mountain exploitation activities in Jingshan Area.
1.1.22.2 Wuhe County The evaluation of the current air quality in Wuhe County is based on the historical moni monitored data provided by Bengbu Municipal EPB for the year of 2006. There are totally three air sampling points around the project site. The indicators of TSP, SO2 and NO2 are monitored over the continuous five days from June 26th to 30th, 2006, and the monitoring and analysis results are respectively shown in the following Table 14 and Table 15. Table 14: Air Quality Monitoring Results for Wuhe County
Sampling Point Date SO2 NO2 TSP 1# Beside the Jun.26 0.009 0.006 0.042 Sanpu Great Canal and the Jun.27 0.005 0.022 0.046 highway Jun.28 0.006 0.009 0.177
Jun.29 0.005 0.009 0.084
Jun.30 0.005 0.068 0.212
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Sampling Point Date SO2 NO2 TSP Mean 0.005 0.023 0.112
Jun.26 0.005 0.010 0.022
Jun.27 0.005 0.010 0.100
Jun.28 0.005 0.014 0.140 2# Xiaolizhuang Jun.29 0.005 0.014 0.361
Jun.30 0.005 0.027 0.079
Mean 0.005 0.015 0.140
Jun.26 0.005 0.029 0.066
Jun.27 0.029 0.010 0.170
Jun.28 0.005 0.035 0.110 3# Zhujia Jun.29 0.005 0.026 0.102
Jun.30 0.005 0.003 0.095
Mean 0.009 0.020 0.109
Table 15: Results of Air Quality Assessment for Wuhe County
Sampling Assessment Index Assessment Index Assessment Index Date Point Ii (SO2) Ii (NO2) Ii (TSP) Jun.26 0.06 0.05 0.14 1# Beside Jun.27 0.03 0.18 0.15 the Sanpu Great Canal Jun.28 0.04 0.08 0.59 and the highway Jun.29 0.03 0.08 0.28 Jun.30 0.03 0.57 0.71 Jun.26 0.03 0.08 0.07 Jun.27 0.03 0.08 0.33 2# Jun.28 0.03 0.12 0.47 Xiaolizhuang Jun.29 0.03 0.12 1.20 Jun.30 0.03 0.23 0.26 Jun.26 0.03 0.24 0.22 Jun.27 0.19 0.08 0.57 3# Zhujia Jun.28 0.03 0.29 0.37 Jun.29 0.03 0.22 0.34
Jun.30 0.03 0.03 0.32
It can be seen from the above tables that except for TSP that exceeded the standard once on June 29 at 2# point, all the assessment factors of pollutants at the monitoring points are within 1. Generally it is considered that the current air quality of Guzhen urban area complies with the Class II standard of GB3095-1996.
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4.7. Surface Water
The assessment of surface water quality for the BIEIP-related rivers and lakes in the report is based on the following monitoring data: - For lakes and rivers with functions of water body, the routine monitored data provided by the municipal and county EPBs are used; - For the watercourses and water bodies without routine monitoring data, the historical monitoring data provided by the municipal and county EPBs are used; - For the ditches and canals with neither routine monitoring data nor historical monitoring information, some special monitoring work has been carried out in accordance with the actual requirements.
1.1.23 Huai River
As is known, Huai River is one of the most polluted rivers in China, and despite considerable government efforts (including participation of the World Bank on the Huai River Pollution Control Project), it has proven to be one of the most difficult to clean up. According to the historic monitoring results3, although the government has made significant investments on the pollution control of Huai River, the water quality of Huai River for Bengbu section does not meet the Class III water quality target4 in the last seven years. This is especially during the dry season from January to March (shown in Figure 8) when the flow rate of Huai River is low and insufficient to dilute the incoming pollution. Table 16: Water Quality Classification of Huai River within Bengbu (2000-2006)
Water River quality 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 name target IV- Class III IV IV III-V IV worse III-IV III-IV Huai than V DO, Non- COD, Non- River COD , BOD , NH -N, compliant ion Ammonia, NH -N Mn 5 3 NH -N NH -N 3 BOD , NH - NH -N BOD 3 3 parameters NO -N 5 3 3 5 2 N, COD
3 Environmental quality yearly report of Bengbu Municipality, www. Bbepb.gov.cn. 4 Required by Huai River water functional zoning and “Pollution control plan for the eastern line of North-South Transfer Project”. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 54/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Water Quality Classification of Huai River 6
5
4
3
2
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Figure 8: Variation of Water Quality Classification for Huai River (2004-2006) However, the situation seemed to be improved in 2006. According to the surface water monitoring data of 2006 (see Figure 9 and Table 17), only the monthly average concentration of NH3-N is a little beyond the Class III requirements.
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Figure 9: Water Intake & Water Quality Monitoring Cross-sections along Huai River RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 55/317 Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 17: 2006 Monthly Average Water Quality Monitoring Data of Huai River
Monitoring EC NH3- Volatile Cross- pH DO CODmn BOD5 Petroleum Hg Pb Cd ms/m N Phenol section Downstream of Bengbu 7.72 48.9 6.67 3.93 2.49 0.91 0.01 0.001 0.00001 0.025 0.0025 Gate 1.05 Xintieqiao 7.72 49.6 5.94 4.16 2.85 0.01 0.0015 0.00001 0.025 0.0025 (*) 1.05 Moheko 7.72 49.1 6.04 4.14 2.89 0.01 0.0013 0.00001 0.025 0.0025 (*) Class III requirements 6-9 / >=5 <=6 <=4 <=1 <=0.05 <=0.005 <=0.0001 <=0.05 <=0.005 (GB3838- 2002)
(*) Values exceeding the standards By using the single standard index formula (as presented in Annex 4), the results are shown in the following table. Table 18: Evaluation Results for the Annual Mean of Water Quality in the Bengbu Section of the Huai River in 2006
Downstream of Indicator Xintieqiao Mohekou Bengbu Gate pH 0.36 0.36 0.36
DO 0.59 0.77 0.74
CODMn 0.66 0.69 0.69
BOD5 0.62 0.71 0.72 NH3-N 0.91 1.05 1.05
Petroleum 0.20 0.20 0.20
Volatile phenols 0.20 0.30 0.26
COD 0.91 0.98 0.93
Fecal coliform 0.54 10.03 9.77
TP 0.70 0.79 0.82
TN 2.15 2.61 2.40
It can be seen from the above table that in 2006 the TN concentration for Bengbu section of the Huai River exceeded the standard by 1.15~1.61 times. The fecal coliform at Xintieqiao and Mohekou sections exceeded the standard by 8.77~9.03 times. The NH3-N concentration for the Xintieqiao and Mohekou sections exceeded the standard slightly by 0.05 time. The annual mean of other indicators can meet the Class III requirements according to the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002).
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1.1.24 Tianhe Lake
The routine monitoring data for the water quality of the Tianhe Lake in 2006 provided by Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station are shown in the table below. Table 19: Routine Monitoring of Water Quality in Tianhe Lake in 2006 Unit mg/L (except pH)
Fecal
Indicator pH DO CODMn BOD5 NH3-N TP TN Petroleum coliform pc./L
North of 7.97 6.88 4.32 2.68 0.108 0.68 0.0025 0.07 125 Tianhe Lake
South of 8.03 6.18 4.14 2.40 0.051 0.37 0.0025 0.09 50 Tianhe Lake
Class , 6-9 5 6 4 1 0.05 1.0 0.05 10000 GB3838-2002
By using the single standard index formula, the evaluation results for the water quality of Tianhe Lake are shown in the following table. Table 20: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in Tianhe Lake Unit mg/L (except pH and Coliform)
Fecal
Indicator pH DO CODMn BOD5 NH3-N TP TN Petroleum coliform pc./L
North of Tianhe 0.49 0.54 0.72 0.67 0.11 13.60 0.0025 1.40 0.013 Lake
South of Tianhe 0.52 0.71 0.69 0.60 0.05 7.40 0.0025 1.80 0.005 Lake
It can be seen from the above tables that the current water quality of Tianhe Lake can basically satisfy the requirements for Class III according to the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). Among others, the TP and petroleum are the key incompliant indicators, indicating the eutrophication of the Tianhe Lake to some extent. The cause lies in the over-reproduction of aquatic plants in the Tianhe Lake and also the non- point pollution from the wide application of fertilizers and pesticides over the farmland around the Tianhe Lake; the incompliant petroleum concentration may relate to the discharge of domestic wastewater from the villages around the Tianhe Lake. Generally the water quality of the south Tianhe Lake is slightly better than that of the north Tianhe Lake because there are denser villages and more artificial fish ponds in the north of Tianhe Lake.
1.1.25 Longzi Lake
The pollution of the Longzi Lake mainly comes from the domestic pollution by surrounding residents and the agricultural non-point pollution, which makes the water quality of the Longzi Lake around Class IV~V for recently years. For this environmental assessment, the
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water of the Longzi Lake is sampled and monitored at four points, namely, Longzi Lake Workers’ Sanatorium, Qiuqiao Village, the lake centre and the outlet of Longzi Lake to the Huai River, and the monitoring results are shown in the table below. Table 21: Water Quality Monitoring Results of Longzi Lake Unit mg/L (pH dimensionless)
Monitoring NH - Time pH DO COD BOD 3 TP TN As Cr6+ Hg Point cr 5 N
12.20 8.07 6.41 26.4 6.34 0.358 0.20 2.58 3.87×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5 Workers’ 12.21 8.00 6.74 25.5 6.24 0.324 0.22 2.35 4.17×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5 Sanatorium Mean 8.03 6.58 25.9 6.29 0.341 0.21 2.47 4.02×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5
12.20 7.84 6.57 25.1 5.87 0.204 0.27 1.64 1.000×10-2 <0.004 <1×10-5 Qiuqiao 12.21 7.56 6.69 23.6 5.65 0.257 0.24 1.24 1.047×10-2 <0.004 <1×10-5 Village Mean 7.60 6.63 24.4 5.76 0.231 0.25 1.44 1.024×10-2 <0.004 <1×10-5
12.20 8.21 6.25 29.0 5.41 0.587 0.34 2.47 2.48×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5 Lake 12.21 8.31 6.21 27.1 5.24 0.524 0.31 2.87 2.94×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5 Centre Mean 8.24 6.23 28.1 5.33 0.556 0.32 2.67 2.71×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5
12.20 8.29 6.89 34.5 6.67 0.677 0.44 3.49 4.80×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5 Outlet to 12.21 8.31 6.44 30.4 6.48 0.605 0.42 3.77 4.30×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5 Huai River Mean 8.30 6.67 32.5 6.58 0.641 0.43 3.63 4.55×10-3 <0.004 <1×10-5
Water quality in Longzhi Lake is evaluated by using the single standard index formula based on the mean values of Longzi Lake water quality listed in Table 21 and the evaluation results are shown in the following table. Table 22: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in Longzi Lake
6+ Monitoring Point pH DO CODcr BOD5 NH3-N TP TN As Cr Hg
Workers’ 0.52 0.61 1.30 1.57 0.34 4.2 2.47 0.08 0.04 0.05 Sanatorium
Qiuqiao Village 0.30 0.60 1.22 1.44 0.23 5.0 1.44 0.20 0.04 0.05
Mid-lake 0.62 0.70 1.40 1.33 0.56 6.4 2.67 0.05 0.04 0.05
Outlet to Huai 0.65 0.59 1.62 1.64 0.64 8.6 3.63 0.09 0.04 0.05 River
From the above table it can be seen that among the water quality indicators of Longzi Lake, CODcr, BOD5, TP and TN are all incompliant with the Class III requirements according to the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). Table 23: Ranking of Key Pollutants in the Longzi Lake
TP TN BOD CODcr Ranking 1 2 3 4
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TP TN BOD CODcr Multiples beyond the 3.2 7.6 0.44 2.63 0.33 0.64 0.22 0.62 standard limits Pollution 32.35% 17.9% 15.53% 8.01% Contribution Rate As shown above, the major problem for the lake lies in the high nutrient salt content and the eutrophication of the water body. And according to the pollution distribution over the lake, the pollution contribution rates for the south, middle and north of Longzi Lake are respectively 38.23%, 32.06% and 29.71%, which also shows that the pollution in the lake increases from the north to the south.
1.1.26 Guo River
Guo River is related to the project of Huai Yuan County. The water quality monitoring data for the Huaiyuan section of Guo River by Huaiyuan County EPB is shown in the table below. Table 24: Evaluation of water quality in the Guo River Unit mg/L (except pH)
Sampling Sampled DO pH CODMn NH -N COD Point date 3 Cr
2006.2.18 11.0 8.30 8.40 9.97 /
2006.3.6 / 8.50 11.34 17.86 / No.3 Guo River 2005.12.8 / / / 3.61 7.00 Bridge 2005.12.7 / / / 2.71 6.57
2005.10.9 7.2 7.98 / 1.10 5.9
Mean 9.1 8.26 9.87 7.05 6.49
Standard for Class IV in 3 6 9 10 1.5 30 GB3838-2002
Evaluated with the single standard index formula and based on the mean value listed above, the results are shown in the following table. Table 25: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in Guo River
Sampled site DO pH CODMn NH3-N CODCr No.3 Guo 0.16 0.63 0.987 4.7 0.16 River Bridge
Calculation shows that the standard indices of DO, pH and CODMn are lower than 1, indicating that all these water quality indicators are compliant with the Class IV requirements of in the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). The standard index of NH3-N is over 1, indicating the water quality indicator has exceeded the standard and can no longer meet the requirements for use.
1.1.27 Hui River
Hui River runs through the Guzhen County, which is the location of one sub-project. As required by the functional zoning of water environment, the Guzhen section of Hui River shall RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 59/317
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follow the Class IV standard of the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002). The monitoring data of 2001-2005 is listed in the following table. Table 26: Monitoring Results for the Guzhen Section of Hui River (2001-2005) Unit mg/L (except pH) Volatile Year Item pH DO COD BOD NH -N Hg Pb Petroleum Mn 3 Phenols
Mean 8.15 7.62 5.49 4.00 0.340 0.000005 0.025 0.001 0.01 2001 Incompliant 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rate
Mean 8.06 4.84 7.74 5.55 1.130 / / / / 2002 Incompliant 0 0 12.5 0 37.5 / / / / Rate
Mean 7.87 5.9 8.42 7.54 0.842 0.000005 0.025 0.001 0.01 2003 Incompliant 0 27.3 22.7 36.4 27.3 0 0 0 0 Rate
Mean 7.95 6.49 6.33 5.16 0.681 0.000005 0.025 0.001 0.01 2004 Incompliant 0 16.7 0 25 8.3 0 0 0 0 Rate
Mean 8.02 5.51 8.52 4.26 0.665 0.000005 0.025 0.001 0.01 2005 Incompliant 0 12.5 37.5 8.3 16.7 0 0 0 0 Rate
Class IV in GB 3838- 6 9 3 10 6 1.5 0.001 0.05 0.01 0.50 2002
It is shown above that the four pollution indicators of Hg, Pb, volatile phenol and petroleum in the water of this section are all within the detectable limits, and the pH value is also within the standard limits. However, there were inter-annual incompliant cases for the concentrations of CODMn, DO, BOD and NH3-N. Based on the annual means of Hui River water quality listed in Table 26 and the single standard index formula, the water quality of the Hui River is evaluated as follows. Table 27: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in the Hui River
Volatile Petroleu Year pH DO COD BOD NH -N Hg Pb Mn 3 phenols m
2001 0.58 0.24 0.55 0.67 0.23 0.005 0.50 0.10 0.02
2002 0.53 0.70 0.77 0.93 0.75 / / / / 2003 0.44 0.52 0.84 1.26 0.56 0.005 0.50 0.10 0.02
2004 0.48 0.43 0.63 0.86 0.45 0.005 0.50 0.10 0.02 2005 0.51 0.59 0.85 0.71 0.44 0.005 0.50 0.10 0.02
From the above table, it can be seen that the water quality of the Hui River in Guzhen is relatively good and compliant with the Class IV requirements of the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002).
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1.1.28 Huaihongxin River
Huaihongxin River runs through the counties of Huaiyuan, Guzhen and Wuhe of Bengbu Municipality. The proposed water supply source for the WTP planned for Wuhe Mohekou Industrial Park in the BIEIP, the Xiangjian Lake, is right on the middle of the Huaihongxin River. The monitoring data of Xiangjian Lake provided by the Bengbu Municipal Environment Monitoring Station are shown in Table 28. It is known from Table 28 that all the water quality indicators for the Huaihongxin River are compliant with the Class III standard of the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). Table 28: Water Quality Monitoring Results for Xiangjian Lake of Huaihongxin River Unit: mg/L (except pH)
Monitoring Parameter Date
pH DO CODMn NH3-N COD 2005.3.24 8.70 10.26 4.08 0.450 13.1
2005.11.20 8.52 9.75 4.23 0.426 12.4
2006.2.26 8.46 11.60 3.86 0.532 10.6
2006.11.9 8.18 8.05 4.31 0.245 —
Class III, GB3838-2002 6~9 5 6 1 20
Based on the annual means of Hui River water quality listed in Table 28 and the single standard index formula, the water quality of the Huaihongxin River is evaluated as follows. Table 29: Evaluation Results of Water Quality in Huaihongxin River
Date pH DO CODMn NH3-N COD 2005.3.24 0.85 0.05 0.68 0.45 0.66
2005.11.20 0.76 0.14 0.71 0.43 0.62
2006.2.26 0.73 0.20 0.64 0.53 0.53
2006.11.9 0.59 0.45 0.72 0.25 —
From the above table, it can be seen that the water quality of the Xiangjian Lake is relatively good and compliant with the Class III requirements of the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002).
1.1.29 Canals and Ditches in Urban Area
1.1.29.1 Xijiagou Canal According to the monitoring data provided by the municipal environment monitoring station, as one of the sub-project in the BIEIP, the concentrations of major pollutants at the outlet of Xijiagou Canal to the Huai River in 2006 are far beyond the Class V standard throughout the year, as shown in the
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Table 30.
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Table 30: Monitoring Results of Water Quality in Xijiagou Canal Unit: mg/L (except pH)
Annual Class V, Jan Feb. Mar. April May July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. mean GB3838-2002
pH 6.70 7.80 7.31 7.69 7.54 7.36 7.22 7.21 7.55 7.56 7.22 7.38 6 9
COD 224 362 155 218 116 90.6 89.4 50 50 99 121.5 163.94 40
NH3-N 18.384 15.28 5.121 5.148 7.61 1.788 2.43 8.147 5.284 1.416 1.725 6.58 2
Table 31: Evaluation Results for the Water Quality of Xijiagou Canal
pH COD NH3-N
0.19 4.10 3.29
Among others, the COD and NH3-N were the key pollutants, exceeding the Class V water quality standard by about 8 times. Clearly, the water of Xijiagou Canal has been badly polluted and requires urgent improvement.
1.1.29.2 Sanpu Great Ditch Sanpu Great Ditch lies in the Wuhe County, which is proposed to be de-silted in the BIEIP. Two water quality cross-sections were monitored for the Sanpu Great Ditch according to the historic monitoring data provided by the municipal EPB, which are respectively (1) 500 m upstream of the outlet of Sanpu Great Ditch to the Huai River and (2) before the outfall of the Sanpu Great Ditch into the Huai River. The monitoring was done on June 15 and 16 (once per day), and the results are shown in the table below. Table 32: Water Quality Monitoring Results of Sanpu Great Ditch Unit: mg/L (except pH) Mornitoring Item Water Monitoring Date pH COD NH -N COD BOD 3 Mn 5 temperature Point
2006.6.15 7.34 12.2 0.173 3.74 2.28 22.5 (1) 2006.6.16 7.36 12.1 0.164 3.81 2.28 22.7
2006.6.15 7.61 24.4 0.278 7.96 5.88 23.2 (2) 2006.6.16 7.56 23.2 0.279 7.91 5.72 23.6
Class , GB3838-2002 6~9 20 1.0 6 4
Evaluated with the single standard index formula and based on the mean value listed above, the results are shown in the following Table 33.
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Table 33: Water Quality Evaluation Results of Sanpu Great Ditch
Mornitoring Item pH COD NH3-N CODMn BOD5 Monitoring Point (1) 0.175 0.61 0.165 0.63 0.57
(2) 0.295 1.19 0.28 1.325 1.45
By analysis, the water quality of both cross-sections on the Sanpu Great Ditch is compliant with the Class V standard of the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838- 2002). The water quality of the cross-section (1) is much better than that of the cross-section (2), which mainly results from the discharge through many industrial and domestic wastewater outfalls downstream of the Sanpu Great Ditch
1.1.29.3 Ponds in Huaiyuan County As some ponds in Huaiyuan County are involved in the BIEIP for their de-silting without any historical monitoring data, the national EA consultants, NCMDI, has committed Bengbu Municipal Environment Monitoring Station to monitor the water quality of the pond east of West Ring Road in Huaiyuan County on March 5, 2007, and the results are shown in the table below. Table 34: Water Quality Monitoring Results for the Ponds in Huaiyuan County Unit: mg/L (except pH and Fecal coliform) Detection items Date Fecal pH DO COD BOD NH -N TP Petroleum Mn 3 Coliform
2007.3.5 8.48 7.89 4.59 2.83 0.594 0.10 <0.02 22000
Standard for Class III,, 6 9 5 6 20 1.0 0.05 / / GB3838-2002
Evaluated with the single standard index formula and based on the value listed above, the results are shown in the following Table 35 Table 35: Evaluation Results for the Water Quality of the Ponds in Huaiyuan County
Fecal pH DO COD BOD NH -N TP Petroleum Mn 3 Coliform
0.74 0.29 0.765 0.142 0.594 2 / /
According to the analysis, only the TP value is beyond the standard requirements for the Class III water.
1.1.29.4 Zhanggongshan Pond Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station has provide the water quality monitoring data for the south, middle and north of Zhanggongshan pond from the samples of April 6 and October 20 2006, and the results are shown in the following table.
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Table 36: Monitoring of water quality in Zhanggong Mount Pond Unit: mg/L (except pH and Fecal Coliform)
South Middle North Indicator Monitoring Single-factor Monitoring Single-factor Monitoring Single-factor Data Index Data Index Data Index
pH 8.13 0.56 8.27 0.64 8.115 0.56
DO 2.7 1.9 2.88 1.36 2.9 1.3
CODMn 19.135 1.91 11.295 1.13 11.12 1.11
BOD5 7.035 1.17 5.02 0.84 4.965 0.83
NH3-N 12.5675 8.38 10.034 6.69 7.4505 4.97 Hg 0.000005 0.005 0.000005 0.005 0.000005 0.005
Petroleum 0.03 0.06 0.035 0.07 0.04 0.08
TP 1.19 3.97 1.2 4.0 1.14 3.8
TN 15.255 10.2 12.87 8.58 11.575 7.72
Cd 0.0025 0.5 0.0025 0.5 0.0025 0.5
Fecal coliform 240000 12 123950 6.20 122450 6.12 (pc/l)
From the above table it is clear that the concentrations of NH3-N, TP, TN and fecal coliform in Zhanggongshan Pond are all greatly beyond the Class V standard requirements, which mainly results from the random discharge of untreated domestic wastewater into the pond.
4.8. Groundwater
1.1.30 General
The groundwater resource of Bengbu Municipality mainly exists in the area to the north of the Huai River. The groundwater yield is 198,000m3/a km2. According to the survey results, the exploitable groundwater is concentrated in the fine sand or middle fine sand layers whose buried depth is more than 20m, especially in ancient river course area. The groundwater which can be explored in the future is in Caolaoji. The groundwater resources are deficient in the area south of Huai River, where the groundwater is mainly stored in the apertures of weathered bedrock and tectonic cracks. The groundwater yield is less than 50,000m3/a km2. The water richness of groundwater is poor and it isn’t well distributed, so the centralized exploitation is inappropriate. Since the shallow groundwater is directly recharged by the rainfall and seasonally the local surface water, the groundwater quality is badly polluted by human activities in Xiaobengbu, Wuxiaojie and the area north of Changhuai Town, especially near the pollution discharging and receiving water bodies (canals, ponds, ditches and pools). Monitoring work undertaken by the municipal EPB for the whole municipality has shown that the groundwater quality is around Class IV from 2000 to 2005 and could not meet the Class III target of the Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T14848-93), as shown in the following table.
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Table 37: Groundwater Quality in Bengbu Municipality 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 Water Quality IV IV IV IV III-IV Classification Non-compliant Coliform, NO -N, Coliform, NH -N, NH -N, Total Hardness, 2 3 3 / Parameters NH3-N, As NO2-N, As NO2-N NH3-N
1.1.31 Groundwater around Longzi Lake
The monitoring data for the groundwater around the Longzi Lake in Xilushan, Xiaozhujia, Jinjiagang and Shangying Village are shown in the following Table 38, which is provided by the Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station. Table 38: Groundwater Quality Monitoring Results for the Area around Longzi Lake
Monitoring Parameter mg/L Site 6+ NH3-N NO2-N Cr Hg As Pb Cd Fecal Coliform (pc./L) 0.070 0.003 <0.004 0.000025 <0.0005 <0.05 <0.005 <3 Xilushan 0.066 0.003 <0.004 0.000025 <0.0005 <0.05 <0.005 <3
0.063 <0.003 <0.004 0.000025 0.0012 <0.05 <0.005 <3 Xiaozhujia 0.063 <0.003 <0.004 0.000025 0.0009 <0.05 <0.005 <3
0.060 <0.003 <0.004 0.000025 0.0015 <0.05 <0.005 <3 Jinjiagang 0.057 <0.003 <0.004 0.000025 0.0013 <0.05 <0.005 <3
Shangying 0.058 0.004 <0.004 0.000025 0.0025 <0.05 <0.005 <3 Village 0.060 0.004 <0.004 0.000025 0.0028 <0.05 <0.005 <3
With the single standard index formula, the groundwater quality in the surrounding area of Longzi Lake is evaluated in the table below. Table 39: Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Longzi Lake Area
Standard Index Site 6+ NH3-N NO2-N Cr Hg As Pb Cd Fecal coliform
Xilushan 0.34 0.15 <0.08 0.025 <0.01 <1 <0.5 <0.1
Xiaozhujia 0.32 <0.15 <0.08 0.025 0.021 <1 <0.5 <0.1
Jinjiagang 0.29 <0.15 <0.08 0.025 0.028 <1 <0.5 <0.1
Shangying 0.30 0.2 <0.08 0.025 0.055 <1 <0.5 <0.1 Village
According to the evaluation, all the groundwater quality indicators are compliant with the Class III Standard of the Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T14848-93), which indicates the good quality of groundwater in this area.
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1.1.32 Mohekou
As an alternative for the supply source of the proposed Mohekou WTP, a groundwater survey was also carried out for Mohekou Industrial Park. Five boreholes are included in the assessment as shown in the figure below, and a report named “Preliminary Assessment Report on the groundwater distribution of Wuhe County Mohekou Industrial Park” has been issued in May 2007 based on the preliminary findings during the survey. According to the survey, in the area the shallow groundwater in the aquifer within 50m deep is currently the major water supply source for the local rural residents and a few local industries but with low exploitation quantity. The shallow groundwater is directly recharged and greatly impacted by the rainfall and the nearby surface water. The deep groundwater below 50m is mainly recharged by the shallow groundwater and the side runoff with relatively stable water quantity and quality. As shown in Figure 10, the major aquifer of loose soil lies in the east-west direction. The single-well water yield for the southern part is between 300- 500m3/d, while that for the northern area is between 100-300m3/d. And the hydraulic connection between the shallow groundwater, the deep groundwater and the surface water is better in the southern area then that in the northern area. Due to the impacts of the surface water, the groundwater quality in the northern area is better than that in the southern area. However, the detailed evaluation of the groundwater quality in this area depends on the further analysis to be carried out later.
Figure 10: Groundwater Distribution around Mohekou Industrial Park
4.9. Water Supply
Huai River runs through Bengbu and serves as the major source for industrial and domestic water in Bengbu city and the water for farmland and vegetable garden in its suburbs. The main water intake is at the upstream of Bengbu Gate on the Huai River, which is RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 67/318
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project supplemented by groundwater supply for some industries in the urban area, the groundwater supply for Huaishang District, and the emergency water supply source of Tianhe Lake. The tap water for the city is supplied by the Water Supply Company and some enterprises have their own self-supply sources from groundwater and the Huai River. The city has built three WTPs, all of which take water from the Huai River. The total water supply capacity was designed as 500,000m3/d in which 50,000m3/d from the No.1 WTP, 50,000m3/d from the No.2 WTP and 400,000m3/d from the No.3 WTP. However, the intakes of the No. 1 and No.2 WTPs are located downstream of the Bengbu Gate and the water pumped is mixed with the untreated urban sewage so that there is serious water pollution. In 1981 Gangliang River Diversion Project with a design capacity of 80,000m3/d was completed. When the Bengbu Gate is closed, the No.1 and No.2 WTPs have to divert water from upstream of the Bengbu Gate but the water quality was still not guaranteed. Currently, both No. 1 and No.2 WTP have stopped water supply for the city. The No.3 WTP is located on the south bank of the Huai River at the eastern foot of Heihu Mount in the western suburbs of Bengbu city. The water pumping house is located at about 200m upstream of the Bengbu Gate. In 1987 the Phase I project of 100,000m3/d was completed and the Phase II, III and IV projects were successively completed in 1990, 1995 and 1998, which made the total water supply capacity of the WTP up to 400,000m3/d. Now it is the only municipal WTP to the south of the Huai River in Bengbu. In 1995, serious and unexpected water pollution accident occurred in the Huai River, which affected the water quality of the three WTP. The Bengbu Municipal Government decided to divert water from Tianhe Lake as the emergency supplementary water supply. The Tianhe project was built up in 1996 with the design capacity of 150,000m3/d and the designed supply duration about three months or so. In addition, there is a groundwater WTP completed in 2003 in Huaishang District to the north of the Huai River with the design water supply capacity of 50000m3/d and the current water supply capacity of 10,000m3/d. Table 40: Water Supply Composition of Bengbu Municipality in 2005
In terms of water suppliers: Municipal Industrial Agricultural Other Self-supply WTP Self-supply Irrigation Stations Quantity 22 108 64 44 (million m3) (19 from groundwater) Percentage (%) 45.4 26.9 18.5 9.6 In terms of water supply sources: Surface Water Groundwater Quantity 199 34 (million m3) Percentage (%) 83.6 14.3 Note: In the 199 surface water supply, there is 147million m3 (62%) from upstream of the Bengbu Gate. The above Table 40 shows the composition of water supply in Bengbu Municipality in 2005. According to the survey, there are about 50 self-supplied industries in Bengbu withdrawing water mainly from the Huai River, groundwater and some from the Longzi Lake. According to the analysis of the actual water supply data in Bengbu over recent years, the proportion of the industrial water demand is decreasing while and that of the domestic water is increasing. Currently about 284.8km of distribution network has been laid in the urban area.
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However, the water quality at the water intake has been deteriorating since 1980’s with the occurrence of several water pollution accidents respectively in 1989, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2001 and 2004. Especially during the dry season, the water quality of Huai River is too poor to meet the water supply requirements (generally considered to be Class III), due to the lack of dilution by sufficient flow. According to the water quality monthly reports of urban centralized drinking water sources in Anhui Province5 (Jan.2006 to Feb. 2007), there are six non-compliant records for the water intake upstream of Bengbu Gate, mostly during January to March with NH3-N as the key pollutant (See Table 41 below). At this stage, the impact of these incidents on tap water quality is unavailable. Table 41: Water Quality of Major Centralized Drinking Water Source in Bengbu (Upstream of Bengbu Gate on Huai River) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Water quality Class IV Class III-IV N/A N/A N/A Class III-IV classification Standard- 94.91% 95.24% 91.88% 93.59% 91.02% 94.23% compliant rate DO, NH3- CODMn, Key pollutants BOD, NH3-N Non-ion NH3 NH3-N NH3-N N NH3-N Table 42: Non-compliant months for water intake upstream of Bengbu Gate Non-compliant Month Key pollutants
January 2006 NH3-N (1.38 times beyond standard)
February. 2006 NH3-N (1.19 times beyond standard)
March 2006 NH3-N (1.49 times beyond standard) July 2006 DO (0.94 time beyond standard)
January 2006 NH3-N (1.36 times beyond standard) & Mn (0.54 time beyond standard)
February 2006 NH3-N (1.67 times beyond standard) & Mn (0.35 time beyond standard) In view to the possible shortage of water supply due to the pollution in dry season every year, Tianhe was developed as the emergency water supply source for Bengbu urban area in 1996.
4.10. Water Pollution
1.1.33 Major Sewage Outfalls of the Urban Area
The wastewater from the urban area of Bengbu Municipality is discharged into the Huai River mainly through seven existing sewage outfalls as shown in Figure 11. The wastewater collected by the seven outfalls accounts for 70% of the total wastewater from the Bengbu urban area, whose detailed distribution is shown in the following Table 43.
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Figure 11: Distribution of Sewage Outfalls in Bengbu Urban Area
Table 43: Monitoring Data of Major Sewage Outfalls in Bengbu Urban Area in 2006
Name of Sewage Flow No. Monitoring Value NH -N mg/L COD mg/L Outfall m3/s 3 cr
0.2- 1.46 Range 17.4 38.4 120 469 W1 Baligou 0.52 Annual Mean 25.8 317
0.3 1.86 Range 1.70 18.8 34 224 W2 Xijiagou 1.37 Annual Mean 10.0 110
0.04 0.17 Range 26.6 70.9 117 339 W3 No. 3 Dock 0.11 Annual Mean 45.5 207
0.09 0.13 Range 24.1 58.2 120 464 W4 No.1 Dock 0.10 Annual Mean 41.9 240
0.18 0.40 Range 23.0 61.1 117 494 W5 Jiaotong Rd. 0.28 Annual Mean 40.8 290
0.29 0.65 Range 20.6 56.4 123 214 W6 Longzihe 0.48 Annual Mean 36.0 160
— Range 1.21 49.6 25 717 W7 Baojiagou 0.032 Annual Mean 23.3 300 Total 2.892 Weighted Mean 34.5 187
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According to the above table, in terms of sewage volume, the top four outfalls in sequence are Xiajiagou, Baligou, Longzihe and Jiaotong Rd. The major pollutants are ammonia nitrogen and COD respectively with the ranges of 10 45.5mg/L and 110 317mg/L.
Baligou 17% 1% 18% Xijiagou 10% No. 3 wharf No.1 wharf 3% Jiaotong Rd. 4% Longzihe 47% Baojiagou
Figure 12: Percentage of Sewage Flow for the Seven Urban Sewage Outfalls As shown in Figure 12, the Xiajiagou outfall is ranked No.1 (accounting for 47% of the total amount) in terms of wastewater flow rate. However, because there is 100,000m3/d (1.16m3/s) treated wastewater in the sewage discharge from Xijiagou Outfall, the pollutant concentrations are the lowest among all the seven output (as shown in Table 43), its NH3-N and COD contributions are only 21% and 28%, which shows that the effective treatment of wastewater could greatly reduce the pollutant discharge into the Huai River.
Baligou 1% 20% 27% Xijiagou No. 3 wharf No.1 wharf Jiaotong Rd. 21% 17% Longzihe 6% 8% Baojiagou
Figure 13: NH3-N Contribution of Seven Sewage Outfalls in the Urban Area
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Baligou 14% 2% 32% Xijiagou No. 3 wharf 15% No.1 wharf Jiaotong Rd.
5% Longzihe 4% 28% Baojiagou
Figure 14: COD Contribution of Seven Sewage Outfalls in the Urban Area Of the seven outlets, Baligou outfall has the highest concentration and the biggest contribution of COD, which is closely related to the large amount of industries in the Baligou catchment and the consequent heavy pollution. Therefore, it is of great importance to improve the sewage treatment of the industrial polluters in Baligou area.
The outfalls of No.3 Dock, No.1 Dock and Jiaotong Rd. have the highest NH3-N concentration due to their locations in the old urban area and the high proportion of collected domestic wastewater. The Longzi Lake outfall contributes the most to the NH3-N discharge, as the wastewater it collects is mainly the concentrated residential area west of the Longzi Lake and the domestic and agricultural production wastewater from the villages east of the lake. With further development and construction of this area, the wastewater quantity and the pollutant discharge will inevitably keep increasing, and it is necessary to complete the corresponding sewage treatment system. It is also noticeable that although the Baojiagou outfall has a small wastewater quantity, but the concentrations of COD and ammonia nitrogen is not low, respectively 300mg/L and 23.3mg/L. The wastewater collection system for the Baojiagou Catchment has not yet been completed, and the wastewater has not been collected effectively. However, since the area is close to the Longzi Lake, with the development of Longzi Lake scenery area, the wastewater generation of this area will increase inevitably. The construction of the sewage collection and treatment system should be closely linked up with the regional development to avoid the pollution to the downstream section of the Huai River in Bengbu urban area.
1.1.34 Key Industrial Polluters
The key industrial polluters of Bengbu Municipality are mainly distributed in the area south of the Huai River and the Bengbu Industrial Park in the west of Huaishang District (north of the Huai River). According to the list of key polluters of 2006 provided by Bengbu Municipal EPB, there are totally 33 industrial key polluters, 13 in the urban area and 20 in the three suburban counties. Their total pollutant discharge accounts for 90% of the total industrial discharge from the industries in the municipality. The details are shown in the following table. Table 44: Statistics of Pollution Discharge by Key Industrial Polluters in Bengbu in 2006 Wastewater Pollutant Located Discharge No. Name of Industry Discharge Concentration District t/y 10,000 t/y mg/l
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CODcr NH3-N CODcr NH3-N
Anhui BBCA Biochemical Co., 504.7 1 Yuhui 3882.80 4950.57 127.5 13.0 Ltd. 6 Anhui Bayi Chemical Co., Longzi 2 307.66 307.66 46.15 100 15.0 Ltd. Production Division II Lake Anhui BBCA Fuel Ethanol Co., 3 Huaishang 147.61 214.03 36.90 145 25.0 Ltd. Bengbu Tushan Thermal Power 4 Yuhui 543.15 461.68 8.31 85 1.5 Co., Ltd. BBCA Biochemical Co., Ltd. 5 Huaishang 152.00 142.24 22.80 94 15 No.15 Factory Bengbu Corduroy Group Co., 6 Yuhui 126.15 126.15 10.01 100 8 Ltd. 7 Anhui Baishi Chemical Co., Ltd. Yuhui 22.80 67.26 0.09 295 0.4 119.7 8 Bengbu No.1Sewage Treat Plant Yuhui 4554.00 2385.73 52 5 5 Anhui Tiger Biotech Co., Ltd. Longzi 9 51.21 43.53 1.34 85 3 Bengbu Branch Lake Anhui BBCA Fuel Ethanol 10 Yuhui 210.00 199.5 21.0 95 10 Co.,Ltd. Bengbu Hongye Meat Longzi 11 31.00 187.24 1.62 604 5.2 Processing Complex Limited Lake China Tobacco Anhui Industrial 12 Corporation Bengbu Cigarette Bangshan 120.00 114.00 2.17 95 2 Factory Anhui Bayi Chemical 13 Co.,Ltd. Production Division Yuhui 115.00 104.65 1.15 91 1 Huarun Xuehua Beer Co., Ltd 14 126.82 164.87 2.54 130 2 (Anhui) Bengbu Branch Huaiyuan County JinHuai Food 15 14.40 90.00 1.440 625 10 Co., Ltd. Anhui Province Huaiyuan County 16 Huaiyuan 0.50 0.50 100 BBCA Cement Co., Ltd. County 17 Anhui Zhongyi Paper Co., Ltd. 40.20 40.20 0.129 100 0.3 Huaiyuan County Sanlian Paper 18 75.80 62.46 0.299 83 0.4 Co., Ltd. Wits Food Industry (Anhui) Co., 19 5.00 5.00 100 Ltd. 20 Anhui BBCA Oil Co. Ltd. 21.76 17.41 0.109 80 0.5 Guzhen County Tianyuan 21 3.68 1.84 0.051 50 1.3 Chemical Co., Ltd. Guzhen County Xuyuan Liquor 22 73.60 69.92 0.677 95 1 Co., Ltd. Guzhen Bengbu Hongyuan Paper Co., 23 County 35.00 33.25 0.172 95 0.5 Ltd. 24 Anhui Yake Beer Co., Ltd. 5.40 5.78 0.085 107 2 Bengbu Kangsheng Paper Co., 25 25.58 23.53 0.194 92 1 Ltd. 26 Bengbu Angle Paper Co., Ltd. 19.24 15.76 0.181 82 1 27 Anhui Huai Liqor Co., Ltd. Wuhe 0.64 0.35 0.002 55
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Pollutant Discharge Wastewater Concentration Located t/y No. Name of Industry Discharge mg/l District 10,000 t/y CODcr NH3-N CODcr NH3-N
Anhui Wan Liquor-making Co., County 28 80.00 75.20 12.00 94 Ltd. Anhui Hengyuan Industry 29 0.50 0.50 100 Chemical Co., Ltd Anhui Province Hongyan Plastic 30 3.50 2.45 0.088 70 Industry Co., Ltd. BengbuYongfeng Dyeing 31 10.92 9.78 0.766 90 7 Chemical Co., Ltd, Wuhe County Jiangda Industry & 32 127.00 247.65 15.24 195 12 Trade Co., Ltd. Anhui Province Xinghe Cement 33 2.00 2.00 0.3 100 15 Co., Ltd. Total 10932.92 10172.68 810.3 The above table shows that, in terms of the industry type, the major industries in Bengbu are chemical industry, food industry and light industry, among which the chemical industries accounts for a high proportion. However, in terms of the industry location, most of the industries with a big share in the pollutant discharge are concentrated in the urban area south of the Huai River, mostly in Yuhui District. In terms of the wastewater discharge quantity, Fengyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd. and the Bayi Chemical Co., Ltd. are the major dischargers; In terms of the discharged pollutant concentration, the chemical industries are also the major polluters. In addition, it can also be seen the wastewater discharge from the No.1 WWTP is low in the discharged pollutant concentrations and the pollutant discharge quantity despite its large wastewater discharge quantity, which indicates that the function of the wastewater treatment plant is remarkable in reducing the total pollutant quantity.
1.1.35 Industrial Polluters in Project Area
The “Urban (south of Huai River) environmental infrastructure improvement Project” includes primarily newly built and reconstructed drainage network, and also the sewage lifting PSs. The proposed network in the project is mainly the connection with the existing sewers and the existing sewage PSs. The completion of the project will greatly improve the sewage collection rate of the city and ensure the full-load operation of the WWTPs. The areas involved in the network construction include the old urban area, the Jingfa District, the Gaoxin District and the Longzi Lake District. The industrial wastewater in the area will be also sent to the WWTPs through this sewers proposed in this project, therefore it will be especially important to get the quality characteristics of the industrial wastewater in the catchments. When the industrial wastewater containing toxic and hazardous substances enters the WWTP, it may impact the normal operation of the WWTP. Therefore the main industry polluters in the project catchment and their wastewater quality are investigated during the EIA preparation. The investigation results of the industrial polluters in the project areas are shown in the Table 45. After the investigation and screening, 9 of the 35 key polluters in Bengbu will have their wastewater collected and treated with the project completion. Among others, there are 6 in the urban area and 3 in the Huaishang District. Currently these industries are all equipped with their own pretreatment facilities, and their production wastewater is treated and discharged into the nearby water bodies after meeting the standard requirements. The wastewater of the 6 industries in the urban area can be discharged into the Huai River
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project through Xijiagou, Baligou, Longzi Lake and Baojiagou after meeting the Class I Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996). The wastewater from the 3 industries in Huaishang Disrtrict is discharged into the Beifei River and then the Huai River in Mohekou after meeting the Class II Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996). The investigation results also showed that the wastewater of the above 9 industries contains no toxic and hazardous substances such as heavy metals, therefore the collection of this part of wastewater by the WWTP will not impact the normal operation of the WWTP. According to the data provided by the municipal EPB, the top 5 key polluters in terms of heavy metal discharge are distributed in the Longzi Lake District and the Yuhui District. The sewage network proposed in the project will not directly collect the wastewater from these 5 industries. However, as a result of the sewage network improvement, this part of wastewater is still possible to be collected through the improved connection and consequently influence the operation of the WWTP, such as the Weiye Heavy Industry and the Changhong Galvanize located near the Baligou Canal in Yuhui District, which are both with high wastewater and heavy metal discharge. In order to avoid the adverse effects on the operation of the WWTP, it is suggested in the EIA to treat the wastewater of the above mentioned industries separately and their wastewater could only be discharged after meeting standard requirements, but not connected to the WWTPs.
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Table 45: Wastewater Discharge of the Industrial Polluters in the Project Area
Pollutant Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge (t/y) Characteristic Whereabout of Wastewater Discharge No. Industry Name Location Main Products Quantity Remarks pollutant Discharge Standard (10000 t/y) Codcr NH3-N (GB8978-1996)
Anhui BBCA Fuel Province- 1 Yuhui District Fuel ethyl alcohol 210 199.5 21.00 Pipe network -> Huai River Class 1 Ethanol Co., Ltd. controlled
Anhui Baishi Chemical Vanillin, Pretreatment -> pipe network State- 2 Yuhui District 22.8 67.26 0.09 Class 1 Co., Ltd. Aminomethyl zole -> Xijiagou Canal controlled
Jianghuai Rd., O-phthalic Pretreatment -> pipeline -> 3 Tianrun Chemical 52.86 Class 1 Yuhui District anhydride, PAM Baligou Canal -> Huai River
P-nitro- Anhui Bayi Chemical Huaibin Rd., chlorbenzol, Pipe network -> Jiaotong Province- 4 Co., Ltd. Production Longzi Lake 307.66 307.66 46.51 TOC Class 1 Phenol, sodium Road system -> Huai River controlled Division II District phenylate
Cao Mount, Anhui Tiger Biotech Co., Feed additive, VC Pretreatment -> Baojia village State- 5 Longzi Lake 51.21 43.53 1.34 Class 1 Ltd. Bengbu Branch phosphate -> Huai River controlled District
Bengbu Hongye Meat Fengyang East Pretreatment ->Longzi River 6 Processing Complex Rd. , Longzi Lake Canned food 31.0 187.24 1.62 Class 1 drainage PS -> Huai River Limited District
Anhui BBCA No. 1 Hebei Ditch -> Beifei Huaiwu Rd., Province- 7 Biochemical Co., Ltd. Sodium citrate 152.0 142.24 22.8 River -> Huai River at Class 2 Huaishang District controlled No. 15 Factory Mohekou
Bengbu BBCA Gelatin Xiaobengbu, Pretreatment -> Beifei River - State- 8 Gelatin, Bone glue 147.61 214.03 36.9 Class 2 Co., Ltd. Huaishang District > Huai River at Mohekou controlled
Pretreatment -> the Beifei Huaneng Bengbu Citric Huaishang District State- 9 Sodium citrate River -> Huai River at Class 2 Acid Anhydrous Factory controlled Shuangdun Rd. Mohekou
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4.11. Noise
1.1.36 Urban Area
1.1.36.1 Routine Monitoring Data of the Urban Area
The table below shows the monitoring data of acoustic environment obtained at the routine monitoring points in the urban area of Bengbu.
Table 46: Noise Monitoring Values of Urban Area in 2006
Unit: dB(A)
Area Range of Monitoring Value Mean
Huaishang District 50.7 66.7 53.4
GAOXIN DISTRICT 50.2 71.7 57.7
Longzi Lake District 43.6 68.3 55.4
Yuhui District 51.3 67.1 58.0
Bengshan District 50.7 67.3 60.5
Clearly the mean of the noise pollution in Bengbu can basically meet the Class II acoustic environment quality standard, but the existing noise level is obviously beyond the standard requirement, especially on both sides of the roads. The acoustic environment quality of Huaishang District and Longzi Lake District is better; however, as the old urban area, Bengshan District is crowded with narrow roads and busy traffic, and the noise level of this district is far beyond the standard. There is big difference for the noise level in the GAOXIN DISTRICT, low for the unconstructed area and far beyond the standard for the trunk roads.
1.1.36.2 Urban Roads
Below are the monitoring results of traffic noise for the major roads in the Bengbu urban area.
Table 47: Monitored Data on Road Traffic Noise Pollution in 2006 in Bengbu
Unit: dB(A)
Section Road Width Traffic Volume Noise Level, No. Road Name Length m m vehicle/h dB(A)
1 Jiefang 2 Rd. 1800 28 983 71.9
2 Huai Rd. 4420 28 1441 71.3
3 Zhihuai Rd. 4400 33 1252 70.2
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Section Road Width Traffic Volume Noise Level, No. Road Name Length m m vehicle/h dB(A)
4 Gongnong Rd. 5120 30 1606 69.3
5 Chaoyang Rd. 6512 45 1203 69.2
6 Fengyang Rd. 5270 33 1154 68.9
7 Tushan Rd. 9540 45 1132 68.3
8 Jiefang Rd. 8405 42 812 67.9
9 Shengli Rd. 21890 40 1026 66.8
10 Hanghua Rd. 1000 25 309 66.2
11 Yanshan Rd. 8550 45 428 66.0
12 Hongye Rd. 2840 30 583 65.9
13 Donghai Ave. 21270 58 964 65.8
14 Yan’an Rd. 6382 35 1249 65.5
15 Huaguang Ave. 3700 50 724 65.4
16 Daqing Rd. 4976 45 902 61.3
From the above data, the roads in the old urban area, such as No.2 Jiefang Rd., Huai Rd., Zhihuai Rd., Gongnong Rd., Chaoyang Rd., Fengyang Rd. and Tushan Rd, have serious noise problem. The newly-built roads including Donghai Ave., Huaguang Ave., Daqing Rd. and Yanshan Rd. with broad planning red line over 45m wide have low-level noise pollution due to light traffic. Among the roads with the planning red line over 45m wide, only Tushan Rd. and Chaoyang Rd. go through the main urban area with heavy traffic and have a relatively-high noise level. Therefore, the traffic noise is closely related to the traffic volume.
1.1.37 Special Monitoring for Sub-projects
As the proposed BIEIP covers both the urban area and the three counties, in order to get a full understanding of the current acoustic environmental quality, some special monitoring work has been carried out for the sub-project areas on the local acoustic environment.
1.1.37.1 Tianhe
In February 2007, the Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station was commissioned to monitor the noise level of six points around the Tianhe Lake. The monitoring results are shown in the following table.
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Table 48: Noise Monitoring Results around Tianhe Lake
Unit: dB(A)
5# 2# 3# 4# 6# Gaogengqian 1# Tianhe Qingji Fengdong Shixiang Village Item On Tianhe Fishery Irrigation PS Irrigation PS Village north Irrigation PS Gate Bridge North of East of West of of Heihu South of Tianhe Tianhe Tianhe Mount. Tianhe
Daytime 38.4 40.1 39.5 40.9 40.9 44.7
Night 36.6 37.4 36.7 37.6 36.6 39.8
Class I Daytime 55, Night 45 Standard
The noise around the Tianhe Lake and the Heihu Mount is good, compliant with the Class I standard of the Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Area.
1.1.37.2 Longzi Lake
In February 2007, the Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station was commissioned to monitor the noise level of four points around the Longzi Lake. The monitoring results are shown in the following table.
Table 49: Noise Monitoring Results around Longzi Lake
Unit: dB(A)
4# 1# 2# 3# Workers’ Xingfu Village Zhangjiatian Xuqiao Village Class I Site Sanitarium North of Village East of South of (GB3096-1993) West of Longzi Longzi Lake Longzi Lake Longzi Lake Lake
Daytime 59.4 47.5 38.5 49.7 55
Night 44.4 35.6 31.5 37.0 45
The noise level of the monitoring points are compliant with the Class I standard except the point in the Xingfu Village, which is mainly due to the noise made by the construction machinery at the entrance to the Xingfu Village as a large-scale construction project is just ongoing there.
1.1.37.3 Urban Area
On Jan. 30th and 31st 2007, Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station monitored the noise for the relevant project areas. The monitoring results are shown in the table below. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 79/318
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Table 50: Noise Monitoring Results for the Project-related Urban Area
Unit: dB(A)
Monitoring Results GB3096-1993 Standard Monitoring Point Daytime Night Daytime Night
1# Centre of Longzi Lake Industrial Park (Longjin Rd.) 45.4 47.8
2# Crossing of Lilou Rd. and Donghai Ave. 60.7 54.0
3# Dingmiao Village 50.1 49.7 Class 3, Class 3, 65 4# Centre of Gaoxin District (Crossing of Huangshan Rd.and 55 57.9 51.3 Daqing Rd.)
5# Crossing of Huangshan Rd. and Ying River 60.4 52.9
6# Xiaohuangshan Village 63.7 52.4
7# Crossing of East Shengli Rd. and Zhuizishan Rd. 62.0 52.8
8# Crossing of Nanhu Rd. and Xuehua Rd. 59.9 54.9
9# Crossing of No.2 Hongqi Rd. and West Surrounding Dyke 63.5 53.1
10# Crossing of Changzheng Rd. and Changle Rd. 65.7 55.7 Class 4, 11# Crossing of Daqing Rd. and Baligou Canal 65.8 55.3 Class 4, 70 12# Yinghu Rd. Storm Drainage PS 55.6 51.3 55
13# Zhihuai Rd. Storm Drainage PS 58.7 52.5
14# Nanshijia Storm Drainage PS 58.0 54.5
15# Xinchuantang Storm Drainage PS 60.0 52.0
From the monitoring results it could be seen that the noise in the project-related areas could meet the standard requirements.
1.1.37.4 Xijiagou and Baligou
On January 31, 2007, Bengbu municipal Environmental Monitoring Station monitored the noise level at two points near Baligou and Xijiagou canals. The results are shown in the table below.
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Table 51: Noise Monitoring Results of around Baligou and Xijiagou Canals
Results Leq[dB(A)] Class II (GB3096-1993) Monitoring Point Daytime Night Daytime Night time
1# Crossing of No.2 Daqing 65.8 55.3 Rd. and Baligou Canal 60 50 2# Huangshan Rd. and 60.4 52.9 Xijiagou Canal
As the monitoring points are close to the urban trunk road and impacted greatly by the passing vehicles, the noise levels around the project site are beyond the standard requirements to different extent.
1.1.37.5 Huaishang District
On Jan. 30, 2007, the Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station monitored the noise level at three points around the project area. The results are shown in the table below.
Table 52: Noise Monitoring Results of Huaishang Dis.
Results Leq[dB(A)] Monitoring Point Applied Standard Daytime Night
(1) Intersection between the planned Daqing Rd. North 46.0 41.9 and Huaibei Land (Qijiadu Village) Class II, GB3096- 93 (2) Big ditch of 40 m (south of Xiaobengbu Storm 45.5 42.6 Drainage Station near Huaibei Dyke) Daytime 60dB(A) Night 50dB(A) (3) Intersection between Wuxiaojie drainage and 45.6 41.4 irrigation canal and Huaibei Land.
It is shown that the noise levels for all the monitoring points are compliant with the Class II standard of the Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Area (GB3096-93).
1.1.37.6 Guzhen County
For Guzhen sub-project, on Feb.1-2 and Feb.14-15, 2007, the noise levels are monitored at seven points. The results are shown in the table below.
Table 53: Noise Monitoring Results of Guzhen County
Unit Leq dB(A) Monitoring Point Daytime Night
Site of south station in Guzhen county intersection between 54.0 51.6 the Lao Street and Huihe Dyke
In Xiaoloucun of Guzhen 45.2 41.1
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Monitoring Point Daytime Night
In Qizhuang of Guzhen 42.6 42.1
No. 1 Middle School East in Guzhen county 47.2 47.2
No. 1 Middle School West in Guzhen county 43.8 43.1
Niushixiang Center in Guzhen county 54.4 51.0
Near the Furniture Factory about 10 meters along the river embankment on the east side of Guxi Storm Drainage Station in 52.9 38.5 Guzhen county.
GB 3096-93 (Class II) 60 50
It is shown in the above table that the noise levels of all the monitoring points are compliant with the Class II standard of Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Area (GB 3096-93), except the night noise level at the point of Nieshixiang Centre. As neither industries nor ongoing projects with high noise level exist near Niushixiang, the incompliant noise might be due to instantaneous noise by the residents. The quality of the local acoustic environment is generally good.
1.1.37.7 Huaiyuan County
The Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station conducted the noise monitoring at the four points in Huaiyuan County on February 1, 2007. The monitoring results are shown in the following table.
Table 54: Noise Monitoring Results of Huaiyuan
Results Standard Limits Applied Monitoring Site Standard Daytime Night Daytime Night
Standard for 1# Site of Lizuizi PS 58.2 48.1 60 50 Class II
2# Intersection between Yuwang Rd. Standard for 76.2 62.5 60 50 East and Wenchang Rd. Class II
Standard for 3# Site of Laoximen PS 47.1 45.5 65 55 Class III
4# About 40m to the east of Standard for Huancheng Rd.West and 100m to 58.2 48.5 65 55 Class III the south of Yuwang Rd. West.
It can be found from the above table that the background noise level at the 1# point is compliant with the Class II standard in the Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Area (GB3096-93); the background noise level at the 3# and 4# points are compliant with the Class III standard; however, the noise level at the 2# point is beyond the Class II standard because it is located at the crossing of the urban trunk roads and greatly influence by the busy traffic.
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1.1.37.8 Wuhe Mohekou
On Jan. 30, 2007, the Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station monitored the noise level at the four points within the Mohekou Industrial Park. The monitoring results are shown in the table below.
Table 55: Noise Monitoring Results of Mohekou Industrial Park
Monitoring Results Leq[dB(A)] Monitoring Point Applied Standard Daytime Night
(1) Wuhe Sanpu Middle 44.9 41.8 School
(2) Wuhe Mohekou Middle Class II, GB3096-93: Daytime, 47.4 39.4 School 60dB(A), Night, 50dB(A)
(3) Wuhe Sanpu Canal 45.4 41.6 Storm Drainage PS
(4) Open space on the Class III, GB3096-93: Daytime, industrial avenue in Wuhe 46.1 38.1 65dB(A),Night, 55dB(A) Industry Zone
Based on the above table, it can be seen that the noise levels at all the monitoring points are compliant with the corresponding requirements of the Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Area (GB3096-93).
4.12. Sediment Quality
As the BIEIP include several de-silting projects for the lakes, ponds and canals, and there is no routine monitoring data available for the sediment and soil in Bengbu city, some special monitoring work has been carried out extensively in the urban area and the suburban counties of Bengbu for the better understanding of existing situation.
1.1.38 Longzi Lake
The sediment of Longzi Lake mainly comes from the surrounding soil erosion and the urban pollution discharge. The north of Longzi Lake was desilted in 2005, which leaves some historical background monitoring data on the sediment of the Longzi Lake. On this basis some monitoring points are added to for the Longzi Lake sub-project.
According to the survey, the sediment in the Longzi Lake de-silted area can be divided into three layers, the contaminated layer (A), the transitional layer (B) and the normal lake sedimentary layer (C). The features of each layer are shown in the table below. Horizontally the contaminated layer in the south Lake is much thicker than that in the north lake.
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Table 56: Vertical Distribution of Sediment in Longzi Lake
De-silted Layer Description Area
0.10~1.1m thick, 0.5m on average, surface elevation of the sediment is 15.0~15.6m, (A) black and grey-black, fluid~soft plastic, a lot of organic matter mixed with bush and tree and clam shell on the top of silt and silt clay, sand grain in some part. South 0.00~1.60m thick, 0.8m on average, mud surface top elevation of 14.6~15.2m, grey- Lake (B) black and grey, soft plastic~plastic, few organic matter mixed with sand and clam shell Area in part.
Lake sedimentary clay, yellow~brown-yellow, soft plastic on top and turning plastic (C) downward, mixed with sand, small stone and crushed stone.
0.30~1.50m thick, 0.8m on average, mud surface top elevation of 14.4~15.4m, black (A) and grey-black, fluid~soft plastic, a lot of organic matter mixed with rotten bush and tree and clam shell on the top of silt and silt clay, sand grain in part. North 0.4~2.7m thick, 1m on average, mud surface top elevation of 14.0~15.0m, grey-black Lake (B) and grey, soft plastic~plastic, silt clay bottom layer, few organic matter mixed with sand Area and clam shell in part.
Lake sedimentary clay, yellow~brown-yellow, soft plastic on top and turn plastic (C) downward, mixed with sand, small stone and crushed stone.
1.1.38.1 Historical Monitoring Data
The table below shows the routine monitoring results of sediment in the north and south areas of the Longzi Lake.
Table 57: Monitoring Results of Sediment in Longzi Lake
Unit: mg/kg (organic matter, %)
South Lake Area North Lake Area Class III (GB15618-
Layer 1995) Layer A Layer C Layer A Layer B Layer C B
Cu 24.66 16.64 18.90 34.16 19.42 22.48 400
Pb 194.1 20.45 24.01 100.10 17.57 22.97 500
Zn 113.8 46.41 51.43 153.0 51.52 57.54 500
400 (paddy field), Cr 304.94 40.63 48.66 388.44 40.90 57.98 300 (dry land)
30 (paddy field), As 17.55 4.99 5.71 17.64 3.66 5.20 40 (dry land)
Cd 0.43 0.13 0.15 0.42 0.11 0.13 1.0
Ni 51.4 24.1 26.6 79.6 20.56 20.50 200
THg 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.21 0.02 0.02 1.5
TN — 101.53 115.74 — 87.78 109.64 —
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South Lake Area North Lake Area Class III (GB15618-
Layer 1995) Layer A Layer C Layer A Layer B Layer C B
TP — 0.02 0.02 — 0.03 0.03 —
Sulfide 32.6 0.04 0.04 40.3 0.06 0.06 — (in S)
Organic 2.49 0.94 0.89 3.42 0.93 0.99 — matter
Vertically, the concentrations of heavy metals and nutrients decrease progressively from Layer A to layer B with some increase from Layer B to Layer C. Generally Layer A contains much more pollutants than the other two layers mainly because of the external pollution, and the Layer B and Layer C are chiefly polluted by the inherent sedimentation in the soil.
1.1.38.2 Additional Monitoring
An integrated evaluation of the current sediment quality is done according to the monitoring and analysis results for the sediment of the contaminated layer (A) in Longzi Lake area in 2006 provided by the Bengbu Municipal EPB.
Table 58: Additional Sediment Monitoring Results of Longzi Lake
Unit: mg/kg (organic matter, %)
Organic Hg As Cr Cu Zn Ni Pb Cd matter
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg %
1 (Worker‘s Sanatorium West) <0.004 7.543 217 41.0 134 110 213 0.34 3.68
2 (Worker‘s Sanatorium Middle) <0.004 20.732 498 35.5 175 129 159 0.51 3.75
3 (Worker‘s Sanatorium East) 0.005 21.067 428 40.1 267 64.4 64.1 0.69 4.00
4 (Lanling Rd. West) 0.018 6.508 284 35.8 251 81.1 57.4 0.51 3.39
5 (Lanling Rd. Middle) <0.004 19.475 403 47.4 120 59.7 51.9 0.32 3.67
6 (Lanling Rd. East) 0.006 20.145 272 41.0 125 89.6 82.2 0.30 3.58
7 (Qiuqiao Village West) <0.004 23.170 146 11.6 61.8 15.2 231 0.69 3.16
8 (Qiuqiao Village Middle) 0.032 22.614 409 18.0 29.1 38.8 173 0.30 3.16
9 (Qiuqiao Village East) 0.031 21.604 259 12.5 73.0 26.0 127 0.24 2.47
10 (Longzi Lake South-West) 0.059 9.400 62 30.0 89.0 41.0 37 0.28 1.79
11 (Longzi Lake South) 0.076 5.200 58 23.0 75.0 36.0 31 0.22 1.56
From the table above it can be found that the sediment quality is compliant with the standard requirements except that the Cr content of the surface sediment exceeded the limit for dry
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project land (but lower than that for paddy field) for the Class III standard of the Soil Environmental Quality (GB15618-1995). Generally the soil is not harmful and will not impact the plant growth and the environment. In terms of chromium distribution, the Cr concentration in the sediment of the north lake area is much higher than that in south lake area, which may result from the industrial wastewater discharge by some electronic components manufacturers in the north lake area.
According to the indicator evaluation of soil fertility, the soil with the organic matter content around 3% is considered as the soil of moderate and superior fertility, while that with the organic matter lower than 1% as the soil of poor fertility. In this way, the sediment in the southwest and south of the Longzi Lake are rated as of poor fertility and the sediment at other points is of moderate or superior fertility.
The following table shows the background soil characteristics in different provinces and municipalities all over China as listed in the Principles and Methods of Environmental Impact Assessment Technology published by the SEPA. From the table it is known that the Cd, Cr and Pb contents in the contaminated layer of the Longzi Lake are about three to five times of the background value in Anhui province and the other indicators stay at the same level.
Table 59: Background Soil Characteristics in Chinese Provinces
Unit: mg/kg
Hg Cd As Pb Cu Cr Zn
Anhui Province 0.029 0.083 8.5 26.0 20.2 67.0 56.3
Liaoning 0.032 0.084 8.6 20.7 18.5 54.4 59.1 Province
Guangdong 0.056 0.04 7.1 28.9 11.4 34.8 35.8 Province
Shannxi 0.021 0.089 10.8 20.5 19.5 62.0 65.8 Province
Shandong 0.016 0.079 8.7 24.3 21.7 65.2 61.9 Province
Henan 0.03 0.074 10.6 19.1 19.0 62.9 57.3 Province
North Lake of 0.01 0.45 15.91 104.6 40.13 350.33 178.67 Longzi Lake
South Lake of 0.04 0.35 16.4 119.8 19.02 186.8 65.58 Longzi Lake
The table below shows the calculation results of the ecological risk factors and the indices for the sediment in Longzi Lake.
Table 60: Ecological Risk Factors and Indices of Heavy Metals in the Sediment of Longzi Lake
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i E f Area RI Hg Cd As Pb Cu Cr Zn
North Lake Area 14 163 19 20 10 10 3 239
South Lake Area 55 127 19 23 5 6 1 236
It is shown that for the contaminated layer in the north lake area, the Cd content will result in the high ecological hazard. For the south lake area of the Longzi Lake, the Hg content will lead to the moderate ecological hazard and Cd great harm. Other metals will inflict slight ecological harm. As a whole, RI of the contaminated layer of sediment in the South and North Lake Areas is very close to each other and will inflict moderate ecological harm. If this part of sediment is used for afforestation and landscaping after becoming dried in the stack yard, no adverse effect will be produced upon the vegetation.
1.1.39 Xijiagou and Baligou
On January 31, 2007, Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station monitored and analyzed the sediment in Baligou and Xijiagou canals at two points. The results are shown in the following table.
Table 61: Sediment Monitoring Results of Baligou and Xijiagou Canals
Unit: mg/kg (organic matter, %)
Monitoring Point Organic Matter As Pb Hg Cr P N
1# Bridge at the crossing of Baligou 2.04 10.36 35.5 0.064 34.6 1.88 75.111 Canal and Donghai Ave.
2# Bridge at the crossing of Xijiagou 7.01 13.06 42.5 0.085 60.4 3.22 59.796 Canal and Yangshan Rd.
Class III standard 30 (paddy field) 400 (paddy field) — 500 1.5 — — (GB15618-1995) 40 (dry land) 300 (dry land)
Background Value in — 8.5 26.0 0.029 67.0 — — Anhui province
It is known as above that all the indicators of the sediment in Baligou and Xijiagou canals are compliant with the Class III standard of the Soil Environmental Quality (GB15618-1995), indicating the sediment is not hazardous for the plants and the environment. However, compared with, all the indicators are beyond the background soil value of Anhui province except the Cr content.
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In terms of the soil fertility, the sediment in Xijiagou Canal is more than two times compared with the moderate and superior fertility, while the sediment in Baligou Canal is close to the moderate fertility.
The table below shows the calculation results of ecological risk factors and the indices of de- silted sediment.
Table 62: Ecological Risk Factors and Indices of Heavy Metals in Baligou and Xijiagou
i E f Monitoring Point RI As Pb Hg Cr
1# (Baligou) 12.2 6.85 88.4 1.04 108.49
2# (Xijiagou) 15.4 8.15 117.2 1.8 142.55
It is known from the above table that the key pollutant in the sediment of Baligou and Xijiagou canals is Hg, which makes it ecologically hazardous.
1.1.40 Guzhen County
Sediment monitoring results for Guzhen desilting project are shown in the following table.
Table 63: Sediment Monitoring Results of Guzhen Desilting Project
Unit: mg/kg (Organic matter, %) Monitoring Point Organic As Pb Hg Cr P N Matter
1# Pond on the north side of Neilu bridge, 9.78 22.32 87.1 0.108 78.0 8.10 80.588 Niushixiang,Chengguan town
2# West of EW ditch in 16.82 15.75 109.2 0.152 90.3 394.67 158.125 No.1 Middle School
3# Near Wangsiweizi of 5.10 6.96 30.0 0.022 80.0 71.75 25.991 the boundary ditch
Class III, GB 15618- 30 500 1.5 400 1995
Soil background value 8.5 26.0 0.029 67.0 of Anhui province
The above table shows that the sediment quality at all the points is compliant with the Class III standard of the Soil Environmental Quality for Class III (GB 15618-1995). Compared with the soil background value of Anhui province, only the Cr content is below the provincial average level. The following table shows the calculation results of the ecological risk factors and the indices of sediment.
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Table 64: Evaluation of Sediment Ecological Risk
i E f Monitoring Point RI As Pb Hg Cr
1# 26.3 16.8 149.0 2.3 194.3
2# 18.5 21.0 209.7 2.7 251.9
3# 8.2 5.8 30.3 2.4 46.7
Based on the evaluation as presented in the above table, it is clear that the key pollutant in the sediment is Hg, especially 1# and 2#, which means their great ecological hazards. The RI of the sediment for 1# and 2# is above 150, which represents the moderate ecological hazard of the sediment in the river and pond in the Guzhen urban area. But the RI value of the sediment at 3# is lower than 150, indicating the sediment of the suburban river has slight ecological hazard. Accordingly it is suggested that the sediment in the pond north of Neilu Bridge, Niushixiang, Chengguan town and the EW ditch of No. 1 Middle School is not suitable to be used as the soil for farmland that directly supplies food for the people.
1.1.41 Huaiyuan County
There are two storage hilly ponds involved in the BIEIP in Huaiyuan County, both of which are supplied by the water from the mountains with the similar surroundings. Therefore, the sediment in Camel Ridge Pond is sampled as the representative. As the four flood discharge ditches have similar surroundings, the flood discharge ditch of Jinshan Rd. is selected as the representative sample. The monitoring results are shown in the table below.
Table 65: Sediment Monitoring Results of Haiyuan Desilting Project
Unit: mg/kg (organic matter, ) Monitoring Monitoring Parameter (mg/kg) Point Organic As Pb Hg Cr P N matter, %
Center of Camel Ridge 1.91 6.042 38.6 0.032 55.0 4.00 26.355 Pond
10m behind the crossing of Jinshanlu flood discharge ditch 0.67 4.042 29.1 0.138 46.1 3.86 23.558 and Guimenguan flood discharge ditch
Standard value 30 (paddy field) 400 (paddy field) 500 1.5 40 (dry land) 300 (dry land)
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It is known that the concentrations of As, Pb, Hg and Cr are compliant with the Class III standard of the Soil Environmental Quality Standard (GB15618-1995).
1.1.42 Mohekou in Wuhe County project
On January 30, 2007, the Bengbu Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station monitored and analyzed the sediment at two points for Wuhe sub-project. The results are shown in the following table.
Table 66: Sediment Monitoring Results of Mohekou Industrial Park
Unit mg/kg (organic matter, %)
Monitoring Parameter Sampling Point Organic As Pb Hg Cr P N matter
Mochongyin River: 3.51 14.49 34.8 0.049 94.4 2.89 49.306 near the expressway
Sanpu canal intersection of 2.36 15.64 34.9 0.108 90.1 2.44 37.539 the Park avenue and Sanpu canal
About 200m downstream of the intersection of Sanpu 0.83 15.42 79.7 0.022 80.0 71.75 25.991 canal and Mochongyin River
Standard for Control of Pollutants in Sludge for — 75 1000 15 1000 — — Agricultural use (GB4284-84)
Class III, Standard of Paddy Paddy field Soil Environmental — field 500 1.5 — — 400 Quality (GB15618-1995) 30
From the above table it is known that the sediment in Sanpu Canal and Mochongyin River is compliant with the Class III standard for the soil environmental quality and the Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludge from Agricultural Use GB4284-84 , indicating the soil is generally not hazardous. The table below shows the calculation results of the ecological risk factors and the indices of the sediment.
Table 67: Evaluation of Sediment Ecological Risk for Wuhe Project
i E f Site RI As Pb Hg Cr
1# (Mochongyin River) 17.0 6.7 67.6 2.8 94.1
2# (Sanpu Canal) 31.4 9.0 251.7 3.8 295.8
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It is known from the above table that the key pollutant in the sediment is Hg, which has high ecological hazard. The existing industries in Mohekou town are mainly distributed in the town area dispersedly, which include grain processing, resin, construction materials and battery manufacture. The high Hg content in the river course sediment in this area may result from the sewage discharged by the nearby industries.
4.13. Solid Waste Management
In 2005, the total domestic solid waste production of the municipality was 270,000t/y, all was dumped without any treatment due to the absence of proper facilities. The annual industrial solid waste production in 2005 was 647,600t, in which 569,800t (87.98%) was reutilized, and 4100t was properly disposed. According to the master plan, the hazardous waste would be properly disposed and reutilized, however DRA Consultant have no information on the way this done. According to the solid waste production from 2000 to 2006 shown in Table 68, both domestic and industrial solid waste shows an increasing trend, especially the industrial solid waste, which has increased by 80% from 2000 to 2005.
Table 68: Solid waste production and disposal in Bengbu (2000-2005)
Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Production of domestic waste (1000t) 174 226 240 240 260 270 382
Treated quantity of domestic solid waste 0 0 0 0 0 0 213 (1000t)
Treatment rate of domestic solid waste (%) 0 0 0 0 0 0 55.8
Production of industrial solid waste (1000t) 358.3 400.9 428.0 428.0 421.7 647.6 NA
Reutilized quantity of industrial solid waste 287.5 360.4 316.2 316.2 349.4 569.8 NA (1000t)
Reutilization rate of industrial solid waste (%) 80.24 89.89 74.19 73.87 82.85 87.98 NA
Treated quantity of industrial solid waste (t) 1400 500 2500 2500 2600 4100 NA
Production of hazardous waste (t) 1400 1600 2500 2500 2600 3600 NA
In March 2006, the Phase I of Bengbu Domestic Solid Waste Sanitary landfill site was completed and immediately put into operation to meet the urgent demand. The current treatment capacity of the landfill site has reached 600t/d, which could dispose most of the domestic solid waste from Bengbu urban area, which is around 650t/d based on the 2006 data. However, according to the site visit, the existing landfill site is not yet up to standard due to the absence of proper impermeable layer and leachate treatment system. Additionally the current production of domestic solid waste now already seems beyond the original expectation, which means the 16 years’ design service life will be probably shortened by the unexpected increase of solid waste. The whole project is expected to be completed by 2008 with the treatment capacity of 1000t/d. And besides the disposal of the garbage from Bengbu urban area, the site is also proposed to be used for the disposal of some contaminated
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project surface sediment to be desilted and the sewage sludge generated during the operation of proposed MIZ WWTP under BIEIP, which will be detailed later.
4.14. Ecological Environment
Ecological resources in Bengbu include aquatic and terrestrial ecological resources. Aquatic ecological resources are mainly in the rivers and lakes in Bengbu. The fishes include crucian carps, silver carps, carps and other fishes with low economic value. Aquatic plants include reeds, water hyacinths, Waternut Spikesedges, water caltrops, arrowheads of Qian River and stratospheres.
Terrestrial ecological system includes the terrestrial vegetation and animal resources. The occasionally seen wide animals include hares, phasianus colchicuses, wide chickens, white storks, badgers, hedgehogs, prionailurus bengalensises, owls, golden eagles, swans, bats, mice, snakes, frogs, toads, lizards, geckos, wild geese, magpies, crows, sparrows, mallards, culvers, heron, woodpeckers and cormorants, etc.
4.15. Natural Disasters
1.1.43 Floods and Droughts
Floods and droughts are the major natural disasters for Bengbu Municipality, especially the floods. Due to its location close to the Huai River, the city is badly impacted by the frequent floods even with the improving flood control facilities. The serious flooding years include 1950, 1954, 1956, 1965, 1972, 1982, 1991, 2003 and 2005.
Table 69: Historical Flood Events in Bengbu
Peak Flow Maximum Flood Year Rainfall (mm) Resultant Losses (m3/s) Level (m) Most of the urban area was 523 1950 th th 8400 21.15 flooded, and 85,000 people were (Jun. 26 ~ Jul. 20 ) affected. The biggest flood on record since the foundation of the P. R.C.; over 1954 487.7 (July) 11,600 22.18 80% of the suburban area was flooded. Most of the suburban low-lying 613 1956 / 20.9 area was flooded due to the (Jun.2nd ~ Jul. 1st) internal waterlogging. Over 50% of the urban trunk roads were flooded by at most 48 hours with the deepest flooded depth of 80cm. The Benghuai Highway was 713 1991 7840 21.98 flooded by 2m for up to 40 days. (June & July) The economic loss for the urban area was about 110million RMB, including 60million RMB direct loss and 50million RMB indirect loss. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 92/318
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Peak Flow Maximum Flood Year Rainfall (mm) Resultant Losses (m3/s) Level (m) It resulted in the economic loss of 420million RMB for the urban area, especially the west part of the city where there are many industries 2003 / 8490 22.05 and residents. It took the 7 urban storm drainage PSs 120 days to drain the 54million m3 accumulated water. 29 bridges and 34 culverts were Over 300mm for 30 2005 / / damaged, and the direct economic town loss was up to 35.1million RMB.
At the same time, as a part of the Huai River Basin, the city also suffers a lot from the frequent droughts, which happen once every four years by average (e.g., 1959, 1961, 1962, 1966, 1976, 1978, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1994 and 1997) and have resulted in huge economic loss due to the agricultural impacts.
1.1.44 Other Disasters
The geological hazards in Bengbu Municipality happen mainly in the areas along Huai River, including the break on banks of rivers and lakes and seepage in dykes and embankments; the activities of geological hazards in North China Plain are light. Slow variation geological hazards are the main hazards.
The main geological hazards in flood season are collapse, landslide, seepage, embankment break, which happen on the embankments of main course and branches of Huai River. The landslide and collapse are mainly along the railway, where the embankment is high. The main geological hazards in non-flood season are special rock and soil hazards, collapse of dangerous rocks in quarries. The special rock and soil hazards happen mostly in the areas along Huai River, including oozy soft clay, expansive soil and liquefaction of sandy soil, the basement composed by this kind of rock and soil will make dangers to buildings, hydraulic engineering, railway and road engineering.
4.16. Social Environment
Bengbu has four districts (Longzi Lake, Bangshan, Yuhui and Huaishang), three counties (Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe) and two development zones (Gaoxin District and Jingfa District) under its administration, as shown in the figure below. By the end of 2005, the total population of Bengbu municipality was almost 3.5million with the growth rate of 6.55 ‰, including 920,800 (26.4%) non-agricultural population.
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Figure 15: Districts & Counties of Bengbu Municipality
Bengbu Municipality is the key industrial city as well as the commercial centre and the transportation hub in the North of Anhui province. With the construction and development for many years, the economy of Bengbu has been remarkably improved. At present, an industrial system includes such trades as machine, textile, light industry, chemistry, medical, electronics, construction material etc has been formed with the processing as its leading industries. Meanwhile, three dominated industries as biological & fine industry, glass processing & advanced processing, special machine & vehicle accessories have been initially established as well.
The high-tech zone and industrial parks at all levels has been elementarily developed to offer favorable investment and business environment. Meanwhile a lot of big companies and important products have come into being, for example, Anhui Fengyuan Group, Bayi Chemistry Group, Huaguang Glass Group, Bengbu Tobacco Company are considered as the key companies even at the state level while the predominant products as plate glass, die- casting machine, filter, corduroy ,beer, glassware, tobacco are nationally first –class with their yield and quality, moreover, the chemistry products like citric acid are taking the leading part both in output and quality in Asia. All in all, currently fine industry, glass advanced processing, vehicle accessories are three dominated industries for Bengbu with 5 companies registered in the stock market especially for Fengyuan Group which is now ranked the 1st in Asia and 3rd all over the would for citric acid production.
4.17. Cultural Archaeology Resources
As early as the New Stone Age, Bengbu was already the centre for Huaiyishi Phratry activities. And historically it is also a place of high strategic importance for military purpose. There are many cultural relics left behind including ancient relics, graves, architectures, RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 94/318
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project sculptures as well as modern classical architectures and monuments. The currently discovered provincial-level cultural relics in Bengbu include the Tanghe Grave of Ming Dynasty in Longzi Lake District, Shuangdun Relics of the New Stone Age in Huaishang District, Songjiaweizi Relics for the river-crossing revolutionary war in the Yanshan village of Bengshan District, Yuwang Palace of the Tang-Qing Dynasty and Chang-family Grave of Ming dynasty in Huaiyuan County; Old Church of Qing dynasty in Huaiyuan County; Gaixia Relics and Guyang City Relics of Han Dynasty in Guzhen County, and Mohekou Toll-gate of Qing dynasty and Huamingtang Yang Grave of Ming Dynasty in Wuhe County.
However, all the above cultural relics are not within the project areas of the proposed BIEIP. And they will not be affected by the project construction and operation.
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5. Project Description
5.1. Project Summary
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project (BIEIP) consists of eight sub-projects, which are summarized in the following table and figure.
Table 70: Summary of BIEIP sub-projects
Cost* Estimation Component No. Name of Sub-project Project Composition (million Yuan)
Tianhe flood control Tianhe stormwater PS 58.39 1 project Integrated Water Longzi Lake flood control Longzi Lake stormwater PS 136.82 Resource and environment Management 2 improvement project Slope improvement and desilting of Longzi Lake
Urban (south of Huai Stormwater PSs and drainage 427.19 River) environmental network (including storm water and sewage pipes) in old city infrastructure improvement Project Storm water, wastewater and road projects in Jingfa District 3 Storm water projects, wastewater projects and wastewater lift PS in High-tech Zone
Storm water, wastewater and road projects in Longzi Lake District
Urban Xijiagou & Baligou Improvement of Xijiagou Canal 93.85 Environmental 4 environment Infrastructure improvement project Improvement of Baligou Canal Improvement Wuxiaojie stormwater PS and related 279.86 projects
Expansion of Xiaobengbu Station Huaishang District flood control and urban Wangxiaogou ditch 5 environmental infrastructure Wangxiaogou PS improvement project Road project
Sewage main pipe from Guobei urban area to Huaishang
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Cost* Estimation Component No. Name of Sub-project Project Composition (million Yuan)
Sewage pipes 88.38
Embankment
Desilting works
Access roads to the top of dyke Guzhen County New culvert and gate 6 integrated environment improvement project Newly constructed and reconstructed PSs
New bridges
Slope protection and greening works Sub-Urban Environmental Non-engineering measures Infrastructure Flood drainage canal 131.77 Improvement Huaiyuan County Storm drainage network 7 integrated environment improvement project Stormwater PS Road and related storm water pipes
Sanpu stormwater PS and related 272.50 projects
Wuhe County Mohekou Water supply 8 integrated environment Wastewater treatment improvement project Storm water and wastewater pipes
Road project
Total 1488.76
*Note: The cost here refers to the totally cost, covering the civil works, equipments and installation, land acquisition and resettlement, other cost, contingency and loan interest during construction period.
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Figure 16: Project Overview RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 98/318
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5.2. Description of Proposed Sub-Projects
1.1.45 Tianhe Flood Control Project
- Project objective: Improve the local flood control capacity and protect the surrounding farmland from floods with the construction of Tianhe PS;
- Project Location: in Qinji Township of Yuhui District, south of Tianhe Gate;
- Design criteria for flood control: 1:100 years for the Huai River side and 1:20 years for the inner side of Tianhe Lake;
- Project Capacity: 55m3/s with the installed capacity of 4000kw;
- The construction of the Tianhe Storm Drainage PS is to be implemented together with the reconstruction of the Tianhe Gate.
1.1.46 Longzi Lake Flood Control and Environment Improvement Project
Longzi Lake is the primary tributary in the east of Bengbu urban area, where is the newly developed urban area for the municipality. The lake has long suffered from the soil erosion, silting and flooding problems. The thick polluted sediment in the lake also results in the deterioration of overall water quality and eutrophication of the lake. Therefore, under BIEIP, the components of Longzi Lake PS, desilting and side slop improvement have been proposed to improve the overall environment of Longzi Lake.
Table 71: Composition of Longzi Lake Flood Control and Environment Improvement Project
Cost Estimate Project Component Project Contents (million Yuan)
Longzi Lake pumping Design flow rate: 40m3/s Installation capacity: 34.31 station 4000kw
2 Desilting of the south Desilting area: 3,449,000m 40.06 Longzi Lake Desilting engineering quantity: 2.2028 million m3.
Total length of natural slope: 326550km Side slope improvement Length of ecological embankment: 2644km 20.06 Length of hard engineering embankment: 2100m
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1.1.47 Urban (South of Huai River) Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project
The urban subproject mainly aims at the improvement of existing sewage and storm drainage systems in the old urban area and the construction of new infrastructure for the new urban areas including Gaoxin District, Longzi Lake District and Jingfa District in order to provide sufficient protection for the city against floods and improve the local environment. The detailed composition of the project is shown in the table below.
Table 72: Composition of Urban (South of Huai River) Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project
Project Cost Compon Project Contents Estimate ent (million Yuan) Old city: Zhuizishan Road sewerage pipe D400, 983m, including Yinghu Road sewerage pumping station Sewerag Gaoxin District: sewerage pipe D300-D1200, 19km 30.45 e system Jingfa District: sewerage pipe D300-D800, 33km Longzi Lake District: sewerage pipe at east of Zhuizi Mountain, D300- D800, 12km Old city: storm water pipe D800-D2000, 8km, including 3 pumping Storm stations: Xinchuantang, Nanshijia and Zhihui Road water Gaoxin District: storm water pipe D600-D1800, 19km 106.35 system Jingfa District: storm water pipe D400-D2200, 38km Longzi Lake District: storm water pipe D600-D1800, 13km Jingfa District: 30-40m wide for urban trunk road, 30m wide for secondary trunk road and 20m wide branch road, total area: Roads 88.95 605964m2 Longzi Lake District: Lilou Road, width: 50m, length: 1761.41m
1.1.48 Xijiagou & Baligou Environment Improvement Project
As the canals connecting with Huai River within Bengbu Municipality, Both Xijiagou and Baligou suffer from the silting problem, especially for their upstream sections, which has badly impacted their storm drainage capacity during the flooding season. Their current storm drainage capacities are both below 1:3years, which has brought enormous loss to the surrounding residents and industries. In order to improve the situation, the following components are proposed under this subproject.
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Table 73: Composition of Xijiagou & Baligou Environment Improvement Project
Cost Estimate Project Component Project Contents (million Yuan)
Connection canal Along south outer ring line of right branches
Desilting of river course at south of Xingzhong Xijiagou Desilting, slope Road 25.13 project improvement Length of desilting: 5.2km,
Rubber dam At Xingzhong Road
Bridge At Xingzhong Road
Desilting from Jiangqiao Road to Huangshan Desilting Road Total length of desilting: 3719m
Baligou Low-lying land at 2 sides of Baligou at south of 14.62 project Flood control Tushan Road Road at top of dyke and greening
Rubber dam At Xingzhong Road
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1.1.49 Huaishang District Flood Control and Urban Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project
Huaishang District is a recently developed urban district of Bengbu Municipality located to the north of Huai River. The proposed project is to complete the environmental infrasture of the district covering the aspects of flood control, transportation and wastewater, as detailed in the following table.
Table 74: Composition of Huaishang Flood Control and Urban Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project
Cost Estimate Project Component Project Contents (million Yuan)
Wuxiaojie Pumping Station and the related Design flow rate: 80m3/s, 65.72 projects
Xiaobengbu Pumping Current flow rate: 17.1m3/s 7.23 Pumping Station Stations Flow rate after expansion: 18.19m3/s Wangxiaogou Pumping Newly built, flow rate: 16.3m3/s 7.99 Station
Ditch of Wangxiaogou Newly excavat 3.6km ditch, desilting 21.63 Pumping Station 5.5km ditch
Binhe Road (Wuxiaojie- Length: 10023m, width: 28m North Daqing Road)
North Daqing Road Length: 500m, width: 45m (Branch) Road and 64.31 bridge Wuzhong Road (Branch) Length: 495m, width:40m
Houlou Road ( Branch) Length:440m, width: 30m
East Zhengfu Road Length:440m, width: 40m (Branch)
Sewage main pipe from Guobei urban area to Huaishang DN600, length: 6810m 9.55
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1.1.50 Guzhen County Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Guzhen County is currently very vulnerable to internal logging and floods due to its incomplete and low-capacity flood control system. In addition, the existing combined sewage system in its urban area still brings a lot of pollution to Huai River. Under BIEIP, the following components are proposed to upgrade the environmental infrastructure of the county.
Table 75: Composition of Guzhen County Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Cost Estimate Project Component Project Contents (million Yuan)
Flood Dyke Construct and reinforce 3.4km dyke 0.11 control and construction storm 2.97 drainage Desilting Length: 28.17km Road at top of Left dyke of Hui River: length: 8.7km, width: 6m, dyke area: 52200m2 10.26 Right dyke of Sanba River: length: 0.8km, width: 6m, area: 4800m2
Construction (expansion, reconstruction) of 3 Culvert and gate 1.16 culverts and gates
Construction (expansion, reconstruction) of 5 Pumping station pumping station: Guxi, Xiwei, Dalou, Xiaolou, 15.24 Zhennan
Construction of 3 new bridges: Linggu, Shiliwan, Bridge 0.78 Wugu
Slope protection Left dyke of Hui River, Sanba River and other 5.78 and greening small ditches and ponds
Non-engineering Flood control system 2.85 measure
Urban Drainage pipe Construction (recontruction) of 9190m sewerage sewerage drainage pipe 14.45 network
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1.1.51 Huaiyuan County Integrated Environment Improvement Project
The project components proposed for Huaiyuan under BIEIP mainly cover the improvement of flood control system for the old urban area and the drainage & transportation system for the newly developed urban area, as detailed below.
Table 76: Composition of Huaiyuan County Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Cost Project Project Contents Estimate Component (million Yuan)
Improvement of Lizuizi, Langanqiao and Xinzhuangzi drainage networks Drainage network 21.61 Total length: 6115m
Desilting of mountain ponds: 14724m2, desilting quantity: 22600m3, slope protection: 1570m2, earth quantity for hightening over-flow dam: 1070m3, 29.54 Flood drainage canal vegetation restoration: 1000m2
Improvement of flood drainage canal: 1680m
New Lizuizi Design flow rate: 3.76m3/s pumping station 6.97 Pumping stations Expansion of Design flow rate: 13.57m3/s Xinzhuang zi pumping station
Construction of Fuqian Avenue, Jiankang Road, Weiyi Road, Wei’er Road, Weisan Road, Weisi Road, Changsheng Road Road 33.66 Total length: 7590m, total area: 219500m2, length of storm water pipes: 8224m
1.1.52 Wuhe County Mohekou Integrated Environment Improvement Project
The proposed Wuhe subproject mainly focuses on the newly developed Mohekou Industrial Zone (MIZ) and Mohekou Township by improving local flood control capacity and providing necessary environmental infrastructure in order to facilitate the future development of the industrial park and guarantee the health & safety of local residents. The detailed components are presented as follows:
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Table 77: Composition of Wuhe County Mohekou Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Cost Estimate Project Component Project Contents (million Yuan)
Wuxiaojie Pumping Design flow rate: 50m3/s, total Sanpu pumping Station and related installed capacity : 6250KW station, desilting of projects the big canal and 44.32 the necessary Desilting of the big Desilting of Sanpu big canal and buildings canal and the Mochongyin River and necessary necessary buildings buildings. Drainage pipes: D600:300m, d800: 855m, d1000: 1430ml, d1200: 4085m, d1350: 3380m, d1500: 720m, d1600: Storm drainage Storm drainage pipes 1375m, d1800: 2060m 32.64 system in Mohekou Box culverts: 2400X1800: 885m 2800X2000: 920m 3200X2000: 920m 3500X2000: 490m
Short-term capacity: 30,000 t/d, plant site long-term capacity: 100,000 t/.d. With necessary civil works
Water supply main pipe along Surface water Hanmo Road and Wubeng Road. 52.84 treatment plant DN200: 6783m; DN300: 4918m; Water supply network DN400: 3392m; DN500: 526m; DN600: 1514m; DN700: 2364m; DN800: 773m
2 d700 PCCP, each one is 17km.
Short-term capacity: 20,000 t/d, plant site long-term capacity: 60,000 t/.d. With necessary civil works Wastewater 81.76 treatment Plant DN300: 7920m; DN400: 1625m; DN500: 1615m; DN600: 3935m; Drainage network DN800: 595m; DN1000: 3750m; DN1100: 1720m; DN1500: 70m.
West Yinhe Road 1254m×24m
Hongmiao Road 3122×12m
Road in Mohekou Jingyi Road 1150×24m Town and 16.49 Industrial Park Zhongxin Road 1372×7m
Yimin Road 1481×7m
South Yinhe Road 1510×7m
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5.3. Analysis of Project Pollution Sources
1.1.53 Construction Period
The factors that affect water environment are the wastewater from construction works, seepage water from the foundation pit and desilting, and domestic water from construction workers.
The main elements that influence the atmospheric environment comprise floating dust, waste gas from fuel and odor from the sediment stack yard. The influence distance of the construction stackyard is 150m while that of road and floating dust is 35~40m. The odour emitted in pond desilting and transport of sediment will exert a great effect upon the environment. In this project desilting and excavation of ditches and ponds will give off a strong odour; it will reach an intensity of Class II beyond 30 m with a slight odor, lower than the limit level of odor intensity Class 2.5-3.5 and largely odorless beyond 50 m.
The effect on the acoustic environment is exerted by the construction machinery and vehicles to and fro. If the outgoing noise at the boundary of construction site meets the standard of Noise Limits for Construction Site, the diurnal average noise influence distance during the construction period is 100m, but it will reach 350m in the pile driving stage.
The contaminated silt cleaned from the surface is carried to the sanitary landfill and filled there and the intermediate and bottom layer of the dredged silt can be utilized for afforestation and depression treatment. Before reutilization the sediment should undergo soil environmental and quality monitoring section by section. The building waste should be removed in time and the construction site should be cleaned when work is over. Stacking in situ is strictly prohibited.
The effect upon ecological environment is revealed in such aspects as land acquisition, soil erosion and influence on living things.
1.1.54 Operation Period
1.1.54.1 WTP Project
In the operation period the main pollution source comprises solid wastes including sludge and domestic garbage , noise from the pump house and domestic sewage in the factory area.
The main pollutants in the domestic sewage in the water purification plant include SS, BOD5,
NH3-N, phosphate, COD and animal and plant oil.
The desilted sewage produced in the sedimentation tank and back-flushing sewage produced in the back-flushing filter are discharged into the newly-built sludge concentration tank in the factory area completely moisture content of 99% and the condensed sludge moisture
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project content of 97% will be turned into sludge cake after dewatering through the press filter in the dewaterer room (moisture content of 80%) before shipment while the supernatant of the sludge and the filtrate in the dewaterer room are returned to the absorption well for mixed treatment with the source water.
In the normal operation of the water purification plant no waste gas will be produced and only in abnormal condition will the chlorine cylinder leak.
In the water purification plant mechanical noise will come from the blower room and pump house respectively. The noise source level is 80~90 dB(A).
Solid waste mainly includes domestic garbage from workers and staff, production sludge and packing materials for dosing.
1.1.54.2 WWTP Project
During the operation period of the sewage treatment plant the main pollution source comprises solid wastes (including residual sludge, grille slags and sand), noise, domestic sewage in the factory area and odor.
Wastewater includes tail water discharged from the sewage treatment plant and domestic water in the factory area. The latter is directly discharged into the admission PS.
The odor emission facilities in the sewage treatment plant mainly cover the grille, admission PS, sand tank, bio-reaction tank, sludge concentration tank and sludge dewaterer room. In most cases unorganized emission is adopted. The characteristic odorous pollutants are H2S and NH3.
The major noise source in the sewage treatment plant is the mechanical power-operated equipment like pumps and blowers.
Of the solid waste, coarse grid slag, fine grille slag and sand are produced in a small quantity and the major solid waste is the sludge cake, which is made of residual sludge discharged from the secondary settling tank after concentrating and dewatering.
However, since the WWTP in BIEIP is proposed for an industrial park, the special characteristics of the pollutants will be taken into consideration in the EA.
1.1.54.3 Roads
After the roads in the Industry Park are open to traffic, the main pollution comes from the tail gas emitted from cars, noise made by the vehicles to and fro and pollution caused by storm runoff on the road surface.
After the road is built, the main atmospheric pollutant is tail gas from cars, which is mainly composed of hydrocarbons, NOx and CO. The spread of pollutants produced by the tail gas in the air will affect the atmospheric environment along the road. Its scope of influence is also
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The effect of traffic noise is featured by linear pollution, continuity and phase and its scope of influence is related to traffic volume, current noise conditions and the standards of diurnal and nocturnal sound environment.
The pollutant concentration and discharge volume in the road storm water have something to do with the flow and type of motor vehicles in travel, rainfall intensity, cycle, road quality and fuel property, which is difficult to estimate as a rule. By analogy it is known that the pollutant concentration in the road storm water will experience a change from high to low value and will be decreased progressively after reaching the maximum value in 0 15 minutes and incline to be steady one hour after the rainfall.
1.1.54.4 Storm Drainage PSs
In this project the solid waste is divided into two parts, namely, production waste and domestic garbage from workers and staff. In the operation of storm drainage station a given quantity of waste residue will be generated as pollutant grille and cleaning device are mounted at the admission inlet to intercept leaves, branches, waterweeds, fiber, rubber, plastics and other solid floatage in the current.
5.4. Environmental Sensitive Points
The environmental sensitive points and protection targets have been identified for each sub- project. The results are shown in the following sections. And the corresponding maps are included in the Annex 1 Maps and Drawings.
1.1.55 Tianhe Flood Control Project
Due to the remote location of the proposed PS, there are only two environmental sensitive point identified as below.
Table 78: Environment Sensitive Points of Tianhe PS
Project Location and Impacted Impact Project Type Sensitive Point Component Distance (m) Population Factor Qianying Noise South, 500m 400 Village Storm Tianhe Gate PS Water Drainage PS environment, Tianhe Lake South, 0m / eco- environment
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1.1.56 Longzi Lake Flood Control and Environment Improvement Project
Table 79: Environment Sensitive Points of Longzi Lake Project
Distance to the Environmental No. Sensitive points Type Location Impacted Inhabitants bank (m) Factors Residential East of Zhenjiadu Air, noise and 1 Xingfu Village 70 About 200 people Area Gate traffic East bank for the Residential Air, noise and About 30 people of the 1000 2 Shannan Village north lake of 100 Area traffic village population Longzi Lake East bank for the Resettlement will be Residential Air, noise and 3 Yuye Estate south lake of 100 finished in the first half of Area traffic Longzi Lake 2008. Residential East bank for Air, noise and 4 Zhangtianjia the south lake 100 Area of Longzi Lake traffic East bank for the Residential Air, noise and More than 800 people for 5 Xiaolujia south lake of 100 Area traffic the whole village Longzi Lake South bank for the Residential Air, noise and More than 1000 people for 6 Dalujia south lake of 50 Area traffic the whole village Longzi Lake South bank for the Residential Air, noise and About 400 people for the 7 Xiaozhangjia south lake of 100 Area traffic whole village Longzi Lake South bank for the Residential Air, noise and About 1200 people for the 8 Xuqiao Village south lake of 80 Area traffic whole village Longzi Lake Xuqiao South bank for the Air, noise and 9 Elementary School south lake of 100 About 200-300 people traffic School Longzi Lake West bank for the Residential Air, noise and About 1500 people for the 10 Qiuqiao Village south lake of 200 Area traffic whole village Longzi Lake West bank for the Jinyeyuan Residential Constructed, currently no 11 south lake of 100 Air and noise Residential Area Area inhabitant Longzi Lake West bank for the Resettlement will be Residential Air, noise and 12 Lingjiaba south lake of 50 finished in the first half of Area traffic Longzi Lake 2008
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Distance to the Environmental No. Sensitive points Type Location Impacted Inhabitants bank (m) Factors West bank for the Workers’ 150 beds, more than 60 13 Sanatorium south lake of 20 Air and noise sanatorium staffs Longzi Lake
1.1.57 Urban (South of Huai River) Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project
Table 80: Environment Sensitive Points of Urban (South of Huai River) project
Impacted Project Impact Project Sensitive Points Population Direction Distance Component Factors Estimation
Network West Shengli Tiandiren Garden 250 South 10 m project Rd. of old urban Zhucheng Rd. Chengjian Apartment 80 10 m area Buildings No.65, No.66, Both No.77, No.88, No.119, 700 sides of 10m West Shengli No.133, No.168 the road Rd., Nanshan Railway Gongwuduan Rd. 60 North 10 m Compound
Guwan Residential Area 90 South 10 m Noise and dust during Building No.31 90 North 10 m the construction Multi-building of Bengbu period Nanshan Rd., 250 East 10 m Vacational Education Center Zhongrong St. West, Jianguo Rd. Residential Area 250 10 m north
Sunying Village 400 North 20 m East Shengli Rd. Sunying Elementary School 500 South 50 m
Sijiyangguang Garden 50 South 10m Hongqier Rd. Gongnong Garden 800 North 10m
Building No.260 140 South 10m Noise and dust during Bengbu No.35 Middle School 400 North 50m the construction Xinfeng Residential Area 900 North 20m period Hongqier Rd., Yongye Rd. Hongqili Residential Area 250 South 20m
Dabanlou Residential Area 150 East 10m
Bengbu Railway No.3 400 East 50m Elementary School
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Impacted Project Impact Project Sensitive Points Population Direction Distance Component Factors Estimation
Kindergarten of Bengbu Railway No.3 Elementary 100 East 50m School
Yongye Rd., Hongye No.1 Village 100 West 20m Changzheng Rd. Shenxu Village 80 East 10m
Zhanggongshan Estate 100 West 20m
Changqing Residential Area 250 East 20m
Daqing St. Residential Area 200 East 20m Changzheng Dormitory of Machine tool Rd., Daqinger 50 South 20m factory Rd. Bali Estate 60 South 10m
Daqing Estate 360 East 10m North Changqing Xiaoxingzhuang Yandun Rd., Nanhu Rd. 200 2 sides close Village
North Xuehua Rd. North Residential 70 West 20m Changqing Rd. Area
Shangtie Nanhu Residential 100 East 20m Area
312 Geological Prospecting 60 East 20m Nanhu Rd., Team Residential Area East Shengli Rd., Baota Rd. Sunying Village, Dingmiao At least 600 Village, Chaoyang Village 5m
312 Geological Prospecting 60 Team Residential Area
Guxin Rd.
Xiyan Rd.
Shiwu Rd. Sunying Village, Dingmiao 600 Village, Chaoyang Village Donghai Avenue Noise and Network Lilou Rd. Both dust during in Longzi sides of 5m-20m the Lake Waihuan Rd. the road construction District period Longjin Rd.
Longshan Rd. Huangshan Village, Qinji 1000 Town, Dongzhou Village South outer Ring Rd.
Jiangqiao Rd.
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Impacted Project Impact Project Sensitive Points Population Direction Distance Component Factors Estimation
Weier Rd.
Huangshan Ave.
Xingji Rd.
Yanshan Rd.
Qinji Rd.
Yuhui Rd.
Jianghuai Rd.
Tianhe Rd. Huangshan Village, Qinji Network 20m- Noise and in the Daqing Rd. Town, Dongzhou Village South dust in the 1000 40m Gaoxin Some inhabitants of water West construction
District Jiahe Rd. treatment plant period South Changqing Rd.
South Changzheng Rd.
Youyi Rd.
Bengxi Rd.
Xinchuantang PS
Bengxi Rd.
Residential buildings 50 East 30m Zhihuai Rd. PS Noise and Yinghu Rd. PS dust during Jiancha Estate 100 East 10m the construction No.2 Hospital of Bengbu PS Zhihuai Rd. PS 300 North 100m period Medicine University Noise Xinying Rest House 20 West 20m during the Nanshijia PS operation Scattered residential buildings 50 North 20m period
1.1.58 Xijiagou & Baligou Environment Improvement Project
Table 81: Environment Sensitive Points of Xijiagou and Baligou Project
Area No. Sensitive Points Location Distance Environment Remarks Factors The PLA Auto Xijiagou Canal goes Xijiagou Air, noise and 1 Management through this — Canal Institute institute. traffic
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Area No. Sensitive Points Location Distance Environment Remarks Factors Only one 3-floor Bengbu Navy At west of Xijiagou building and one 2- 2 Petty Officer Yanshan Road 100m Air and noise floor building face to School Bridge the canal Yinghe Bridge At east of Xijiagou Air, noise and Only one residential 3 Elementary Yanshan Road 30m building facing the School Bridge traffic canal. At east of Xijiagou Air, noise and 4 Jinxu Village Yanshan Road 5m Bridge traffic At south of Xijiagou Tangjiahu Air, noise and 5 Yanshan Road 100m Village Bridge traffic
1.1.59 Huaishang District Flood Control and Urban Environmental Infrastructure Improvement Project
Table 82: Environment Sensitive Points of Huaishang Project
Impact factors Impacted No. Sensitive points Location Construction Operation Population period period 1 Shanxiang Village 280 2 Lutai Village 320 3 Houlou Village 320 4 Xiaobengbu Village 180 5 Chentai Village 380 6 Gaoan Village 280 Exhaust of Within 30m north Noise and 7 Zhaosong Village 300 vehicles of Binghe Road dust 8 Wuan Village 330 Traffic noise 9 Fanggou Village 640 10 Shaoying Village 240 11 Mazuizi Village 100 12 Zhengjiadu Village 350 13 Wuxiaojie Village 250
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1.1.60 Guzhen County Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 83: Environment Sensitive Points of Guzhen Project
Sensitive Impacted Component Project Contents Location Distance Impact Factors points Population
Desilting Daoban Canal County 30 South 8 m crematorium
South City Scattered 100 South 30 m Drainage Canal residential buildings
East and west Guzhen No.1 5200 East, close canals of No.1 Middle School west Middle School Noise and dust during the construction period East and west Scattered 1000 South, At least canals of Party residential north 10 m School buildings
Wangnan Canal Armed Police 500 North 5 m Elementary School
Xubei Canal Farmers’ 100 South, 15 m houses north
Road at top Left dyke of Hui Houses of 30 West 50 m Noise and dust during of the dyke River Mengzhuang the construction period Village
Pumping Renovation and Small furniture 20 East 10 m Noise and dust during station reconstruction factory the construction period Guxi Pumping Noise during the Station operation period
New South City Residential 100 South, 30 m Noise and dust during Pumping Station buildings north the construction period Noise during the operation period
Urban New sewer for Party School 100 North 7m Noise and dust in the wastewater Daying Road construction period network 6 residential 400 South 7m buildings
New drainage Guzhen No.2 6000 West 6m pipes for Shengli Middle School Road and Miaogang Road Guzhen No.2 1500 West 6m Elementary School
3 residential 200 East, 6 m buildings west
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Sensitive Impacted Component Project Contents Location Distance Impact Factors points Population
Trunk sewer for Huaying 550 North 10 m Guyang Road Senior High School
Fengze 200 North 10 m Garden Residential Area
Guzhen North County People’s Hospital
Guzhen South 10 m County Chinese Traditional Medicine Hospital
Shiyan Middle 2850 South 10 m School
Mingren North 10 m Garden Residential Area
Sewage main Wafang Both 50 100 pipe from Sanba Village sides m River to WWTP
Improvement of Inhabitants 10000 close Noise, dust and odor canal and pond near the in the construction and Chengguan period reconstruction of Town canal pipes and culvert culverts near the old street Guzhen No.2 5000 East, close Middle School west
1.1.61 Huaiyuan County Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 84: Environment Sensitive Points of Huaiyuan Project
Impact Factors Impacted Project Sensitive points Location Population Construction Operation period period
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Impact Factors Impacted Project Sensitive points Location Population Construction Operation period period
In 100m of south and north sides of Pangying Jiangkang Road 600 Village In 100m of east and west sides of Changsheng Road
40m south of Weiyi Fanyingzi Road and 250 Road, 65m at east of Village Noise and Traffic network project Zhongsheng Road dust in the noise for Chengguan construction Exhaust Town Food 70m at east of period of Processing Huangyingcun Changsheng Road, 220 vehicles Park Village 100m at south of Weiyi Road
85m at north of Weier Tangyingzi 200 Road, beside Village Changsheng Road
130m at south of Weier Meiying Village 2000 Road, 130m at west of Changsheng Road
Desilting of Within 200m around Luotuoling Longtou Village 1500 Nothing Tuoluoling Pond Pond
Desilting of Residential pond of buildings of Chinese Chinese Within 200m north of 120 Traditional Traditional the pond Noise and Medicine Medicine dust Hospital Hospital
Desilting of flood drainage Within 200m on both canal at foot at 20 households 130 sides of the draiange west of Jing canal Mountain
Improvement In 200m at south of No.4 Middle Noise and of networks of 190 Jiangkang Road School dust WWTP network
Inhabitants of 1700 Both sides of the street Yongping Street
Inhabitants at 2 sides of Jinshan Both sides of Jinshan Road (at south 2100 Road flood drainage of No.1 Middle canal School)
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Impact Factors Impacted Project Sensitive points Location Population Construction Operation period period
Both sides of Jinshan No.1 Middle 500 Road flood drainage School canal
East section of Yuwang Party School 52 Road
Scattered Within 100m west of the Noise and New Lizuizi PS households 30 Noise PS dust nearby
Expansion of Scattered In 100m at south-west Noise and Xinzhuangzi households 80 Noise of pumping station dust PS nearby
1.1.62 Wuhe County Mohekou Integrated Environment Improvement Project
Table 85: Environment Sensitive Points of Wuhe Mohekou Project
Impact Factors No. Sensitive Points Distance Remarks Construction Operation Period Period
About 3000 people will be Vehicle Both sides of Noise and impacted by the desilting, 1 Sanpu Village exhaust Wubeng Road dust network and road and noise projects.
Sanpu Vehicle 1620 teachers and 100 north of Noise and 2 Elementary exhaust students will be impacted Wubeng Road dust School and noise by the road project.
50m north- west of Tuanjie Hope 289 teachers and crossing of Noise and 3 Elementary students will be impacted Hanmo Road dust School by the network project. and Wubeng Road
Both sides of intake pipe of Anzikou Village Noise and Impacted by the network 4 Huaihongxin Yuanji Village dust project River and Xiangjian Lake
100m at south- 200 people of Xiaoshijia east of Xiaoshijia Vehicle Village and 200 people of crossing of Noise and 5 Village exhaust Lijiawa Village will be Hanmo Road dust Lijiawa Village and noise impacted by the road and Wubeng project. Road
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Impact Factors No. Sensitive Points Distance Remarks Construction Operation Period Period
Management About 35 people in the Vehicle Commission of 20m east of Noise and senior citizen home will 6 exhaust Senior Citizen Hanmo Road dust be impacted by the road and noise Home project.
Mohekou Vehicle Design quantity of beds is 20m east of Noise and 7 Gongjian exhaust for 50 people. Impacted Hanmo Road dust Hospital and noise by the road project.
About 50 employees and their relatives will be Mohekou PS 10m east of Noise and 8 Noise impacted by the desilting Courtyard Mohekou PS dust and pumping station project.
1260 teachers and 100m at west Mohekou Middle Noise and students will be impacted 9 of Sanpu Big School dust by the desilting and Canal pumping station project.
At west of Noise and About 3000 people in the 10 Mohekou Town Sanpu Big — dust whole town Canal
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6. Environmental Impact Analysis
6.1. Impact Screening
Impact screening for the construction and operation periods of the BIEIP sub-projects is attached to this report in the Annex 3.
6.2. Project Benefits
1.1.63 Environmental Benefits
1.1.63.1 Storm Drainage PSs
Of the eight sub-projects financed by the World Bank loan, there includes the construction, reconstruction or expansion of 16 storm drainage PSs, which are distributed all over the Bengbu urban area and its three suburban counties. Among others, there are five located to the south of the Huai River and eleven to the north of the Huai River as shown in the following figures and the Table 87.
Figure 17: Proposed Storm Drainage Pumping Stations in the urban area, Huaiyuan County and Wuhe County and their Catchments
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Figure 18: Proposed Storm Drainage Pumping Stations in Guzhen County and their Catchments
Table 86: List of Storm Drainage PSs to be Constructed and Reconstructed
No. PS Name Location Service area
1 Xinchuantang Storm Drainage PS South of Huai River, east of Xijiagou 2 Zhihuailu Storm Drainage PS Urban Area Canal 3 Nanshijia Storm Drainage PS
Yuhui South of Huai River, west of Baligou 4 Tianhe Storm Drainage PS District Canal
Longzi Lake South of Huai River, the catchments 5 Longzi Lake Storm Drainage PS District east and west of Longzi Lake
Beifeihe (Wuxiaojie) Storm 6 Drainage PS North of Huai River, the catchment Huaishang south of Beifei River in Huaishang 7 Xiaobengbu Storm Drainage PS District District 8 Wangxiaogou Storm Drainage PS
Mohekou of Mohekou Town and Sanpu Lake Area 9 Sanpuhu Storm Drainage PS Wuhe north of Huai River County
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No. PS Name Location Service area
10 Lizuizi Storm Drainage PS Chengguan town and the adjacent area Huaiyuan of Huaiyuan County north and west of County 11 Xinzhuangzi Storm Drainage PS Huai River
12 Guxi Storm Drainage PS
13 Xiwei Storm Drainage PS Guzhen Chengguan Chengguan town and the adjacent area 14 Dalou Storm Drainage PS Town, east of Huihe River Southwest 15 Xiaolou Storm Drainage PS suburbs
16 Chengnan Storm Drainage PS
According to the distribution of storm drainage PSs in this BIEIP, it is evident that with the construction of the 16 storm drainage PSs, the flood drainage capacity for the Bengbu urban area, the township of Guzhen and Huaiyuan County and the Mohekou area of Wuhe County will be greatly improved.
1.1.63.2 Sewage Network Improvement
Currently the only WWTP under operation in Bengbu Municipality, the No.1 WWTP, is just treating 130,000~140,000m3/d wastewater, still far beyond its 200,000m3/d treatment capacity. Although investing on the scattered sewage pipelines, the proposed Urban (south of Huai River) environmental infrastructure improvement Project intends to link up the disconnected existing sewage pipelines and complete the sewage system for the No.1 WWTP catchment, thereby to significantly improve the sewage connection and treatment rate. Especially the proposed pipelines in the Jingfa District and the Gaoxin District will directly increase the sewage collection quantity of the No. 1 WWTP (Xijiagou). For example, the construction of the Zhihuai Rd. sewage lifting PS and the corresponding network in its catchment could directly increase the collection of urban wastewater by 30,000m3/d, all of which will be transmitted to the No.1 WWTP to alleviate the current insufficiency of wastewater collection.
As a whole, the completion of the BIEIP could increase almost 50,000m3/d wastewater for the No.1 WWTP, which could increase the operating load of the WWTP up to 180,000~190000 m3/d and basically realize the full-loaded operation of the No.1 WWTP, so as to significantly reduce the total pollutant discharge into the Huai River. By calculation, the actual reduction of pollutants due to the increase of collected wastewater is projected as follows: CODcr 3650t/y. and NH3-N 730t/y, which also shows the significant environmental benefits of the urban sewage network improvement project.
Also the wastewater and storm drainage network improvement in Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe will provide the support to the normal operation of local WWTPs, improve the water quality of local rivers by wastewater interception, such as the Sanba River in Guzhen County, and also improve the local flood control capacity. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 121/318
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1.1.63.3 Total Pollutant Discharge Control by Urban Drainage Project
The construction of the urban drainage system will improve the sewage collection rate. Together with the construction of the WWTPs, the urban sewage treatment rate will be correspondingly improved. By 2010 three WWTPs are planned to be completed in the urban area of Bengbu Municipality, which are respectively the No.1 WWTP (Xijiagou), the No.2 WWTP (Yangtaizi) and the No.3 WWTP (Huaishang). Therefore, for the estimation of the total pollutant discharge for the Bengbu urban area, three scenarios have been analyzed: a) Only the existing 100,000m3/d treatment capacity of the No.1 WWTP under operation; b) The Phase 2 of the No.1 WWTP has been put into operation, which increases the total wastewater treatment capacity of the city to 200,000m3/d; c) The Phase I of the No.2 WWTP (100,000m3/d) and the No.3 WWTP (25,000m3/d) completed, which increases the total wastewater treatment capacity of the city to 325,000m3/d. The indirect environmental benefits of the network construction will be realized with the completion and operation of the supportive WWTPs.
Table 87: Estimated Annual Pollutant Discharge for Bengbu Urban Area for 2010
Total COD NH -N Treated Untreated COD NH -N 3 Planning Wastewater Discharge 3 Discharge Scenario Wastewater Wastewater Discharge Discharge Horizon Discharge Variation Variation m3/d m3/d t/y t/y m3/d % %
2005 Baseline 295,000 100,000 195,000 20115 / 3713 /
a) 494,000 100,000 394,000 37778 +87.8% 6654 +79.2%
2010 b) 494,000 200,000 294,000 30478 +51.5% 5194 +39.9%
c) 494,000 325,000 169,000 21353 +6.2% 3369 -9.3%
From the above data it is clear that with the rapid population growth and economic development, the wastewater generation of the Bengbu urban area will increase dramatically by 67.5% compared with the 2005 figure. , the sewage volume in the urban district of Bengbu will increase by 67.5% over 2005. The implementation of the urban drainage projects will significantly increase the wastewater collected by the network and discharged into the Huai River. As a result, the total pollutant discharge will dramatically increase if without the construction of the supportive WWTPs. If by 2010 the current sewage treatment capacity of the No.1 WWTP remains unchanged at 100,000 m3/d, then the total COD discharge will rise
by 87.8% and the NH3-N discharge by 79.2% compared with the 2005 level; However, if by 2010 the Phase I of the Yangtaizi and Huaishang WWTPs are put into operation as
scheduled, the COD discharge will rise only by 6.2%, close to the 2005 level, and the NH3-N discharge will decrease by 9.3%. It is evident that only the synchronization between the urban drainage system and the wastewater treatment projects could exert the pollution control effects and realize the actual environmental benefits.
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1.1.63.4 Total Pollutant Discharge Control of Mohekou WWTP
The total volume of industrial wastewater from the Mohekou Industrial Park is projected to be 30,000m3/d; If the wastewater is self-treated by the industries, then the discharge standard is 100mg/L for COD and 15mg/L for NH3-N (Class I of the Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard) (Scenario A); If a centralized WWTP is built for the park, the production wastewater from all the industries in the Park will be sent to the WWTP after pretreatment, and the discharge standard for the WWTP into the Huai River is 50mg/L for COD and 5mg/L for NH3-N (Class 1A of the Pollutant Discharge Standard for urban WWTPs) (Scenario B). In this way, the variation of the total pollutant discharge before and after the WWTP completion is shown in the following table:
Table 88: Reduction of Total Pollutant Discharge by the WWTP for Mohekou Industrial Park
Item COD NH -N Wastewater 3 Quantity Concentration Discharge Concentration Discharge m3/d Scenario mg/l t/y mg/l t/y
Scenario A 30000 100 1095 15 164.25
Scenario B 30000 50 547.5 5 54.75
Reduction Percentage for / / 50% / 66.7% the total volume, %
It is clear that for Mohekou Industrial Park, the centralized treatment of industrial wastewater to the Class 1A standard of the Pollutant Discharge Standard for urban WWTPs will cut off the
COD discharge by 50% and the NH3-N discharge by 66.7%.
1.1.63.5 Desilting Projects in BIEIP
There are many desilting projects included in the BIEIP covering the urban area and the three counties, as shown in the following figure. And the environmental benefits of these projects are summarized in the Table 89.
Table 89: Summary of Major Environmental Benefits for Desilting Projects
Increase of Local Water Quality Storm Landscape Project Name Ecological Improvement Drainage Benefit Improvement Capacity Longzi Lake Desilting X
Desilting of Xijiagou and Baligou Canals
Desilting of Ditches and X X X Canals in Huaishang Dis.
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Increase of Local Water Quality Storm Landscape Project Name Ecological Improvement Drainage Benefit Improvement Capacity Ditch in Guzhen County
Desilting of Flood Discharge X X X Ditch in Huaiyuan County
Desilting of Sanpu Great X X X Ditch in Wuhe County
Especially for the Longzi Lake, with the sewage interception around Longzi Lake and the construction of the WWTP, the nutrient salts in the lake sediment will become the primary water pollution source and the dominant factor for the lake eutrophication. The construction of this project can a) increase the storage capacity of the lake by 1.15million m3, b) eliminate the non-point pollution by the contaminated sediment of Longzi Lake, and improve the water quality and the self-purification capacity of the lake, c) improve the aquatic environment and promote the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms by removing the toxic and hazardous substances originally existing in the sediment. The desilting of Longzi Lake, together with the bank greening, the ecological environment around the project site will be improved significantly. Moreover, for the east and west banks of Longzi Lake, the landscape with the lakeside characteristics will provide a relaxing place for Bengbu citizens and upgrade the overall image of the city.
As the primary tributaries of the Huai River, the Xijiagou and Baligou canals have been badly polluted by the surrounding industries and the wastewater from the nearby farmland. The desilting project, together with the improvement of the urban sewage treatment systems and the sewage interceptors along the canals, will dramatically decrease the pollutants discharged into the canals, improve the local water and ecological environment quality and consequently the water quality of the Huai River.
The desilting projects in Huaishang District, Guzhen County, Huaiyuan County and Wuhe County mainly aim at the increase of the local drainage capacity and complete the flood control system.
1.1.63.6 Greening Projects for Longzi Lake and Xijiagou & Baligou Canals
The greening projects in the BIEIP mainly refer to the slope greening of the Longzi Lake and the Xijaigou and Baligou Canals. Their ecological benefits are manifested in the following aspects:
- Beautify the local landscape;
- Abate the soil erosion due to the earth exposure and the side slope collapse;
- For the Longzi Lake, the slope greening will increase the green area around the lake, which will provide a good habitat for the growth and restoration of lakeside biological
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communities so as to increase the local community biomass and improve the biodiversity;
- For the Longzi Lake, the vegetation around the lake will prevent the surface runoff from the surrounding farmland and thus decrease the pollutants in the agricultural wastewater discharged into the Lake.
1.1.64 Social Benefits
1.1.64.1 Water Resource Project
The water resource projects in BIEIP mainly refer to the construction of storm drainage PSs and the desilting of ditches and canals in different catchments, which will effectively raise the flood control criteria and the flood control water levels of their service areas to effectively protect the safety of the Bengbu urban area and the agricultural production of the neighboring suburban counties. The residents, industries, villages and farmland within the catchments will no longer suffer from the frequent floods, so as to protect the safety of local people & properties, the industrial & agricultural development and the economic benefits for the project area to some extent.
In addition, the desilting projects could also provide an entertainment site for the Bengbu citizens and upgrade the scenery image of the whole city, especially for the Longzi Lake.
1.1.64.2 Drainage System Projects
The construction of the urban drainage system will:
- Provide the good municipal infrastructure and strengthen the local investment attraction for the development of new urban area, including the Gaoxin District, the Longzi Lake District and the south city area;
- Promote the formation of the four sewage systems for the Bengbu urban area in order to reach the planning targets and realize the environmental benefits of the wastewater treatment projects.
Also the drainage network improvement in Guzhen, Huaiyuan and Wuhe will complete the local infrastructure construction to promote the local investment attraction, especially for the Mohekou Industrial Park.
1.1.64.3 Construction of Mohekou Industrial Park
As the provincial-level development area, the Mohekou Industrial Park in Wuhe County is planned to become an important industrial base for fine chemicals and a modern eco- industrial park in Anhui Province. However, since it is located in the Sanpu Lake low-lying area without sufficient flood control and infrastructure facilities, the park suffers a lot from the frequent floods and the park development is therefore constrained. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 125/318
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The BIEIP will construct the wastewater and storm drainage network, a WTP and a WWTP for Mohekou Industrial Park. The project completion, together with the construction of the Sanpu Lake PS, will greatly improve the local flood control and storm drainage capacity, effectively protect the construction and development of the park, and significantly improve the investment attraction capability and hardware foundation of the park.
The proposed WTP and WWTP will not only serve the industries in the park, but also the residents of the Mohekou Township therefore to promote the sustainable development of the whole area.
1.1.64.4 Road Project
The road projects in the Jingfa District, Huaishang District, Mohekou Industrial Park, Huaiyuan and Guzhen will improve the infrastructure level of the project areas, facilitate the local transportation both for residents and good supplies, beautify the urban landscape, upgrade the overall image of the urban area and promote the investment attraction and the park development.
1.1.65 Economic Benefits
The economic benefits of the proposed BIEIP are mainly reflected by the consequent reduction of economic loss from flooding, the increase of land value with the environmental improvement, and the increase of collected tariff revenue due to the expansion of sewage network coverage and the construction of MIZ WTP and WWTP. In the following paragraphs, the economic benefits resulted from the construction of Tianhe storm PS, MIZ WTP and WWTP are analyzed as the examples.
1.1.65.1 Disaster-reducing Benefits of Tianhe Storm Drainage PS
For Tianhe Storm PS, the economic benefits of the project are mainly exhibited in the resultant reduction of economic loss during future floods. With the completion of Tianhe PS, 15000mu of farmland and 35 villages will be protected against flooding in 1:20years flood. According to the preliminary economic analysis, the yearly indirect economic benefits from the decrease of flooded area will amount to at least 10million yuan, accounting for 14.9% of the project investment. In other words, the investment can be recovered in seven flooding years.
1.1.65.2 Economic Benefits of Mohekou WTP
The proposed Mohekou WTP will supply both the residents in Mohekou Township and the industries in the MIZ. According to the master plan for 2010, Mohekou Township will have a population of 35000 with the domestic water demand of 14600m3/d and the industrial water demand of 21400 t/d; Based on the current price of tap water (1.35yuan/t for industrial water and 1.1yuan/t for drinking water), the estimated benefit after of the project after the RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 126/318
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project deduction of payable water resource fee will amount to 13.568 million yuan/y, accounting for 21% of the investment. In other words, the collection of five years’ water tariff after the project completion will be equal to the construction investment.
Table 90: Estimated Benefit from Water Supply by Mohekou WTP
Consumption Price Total Charges for Water Type of water m3/d yuan/ m3 Supply, million yuan/y
Industrial water 21400 1.35 10.55
Domestic water 4600 1.1 1.85
Other purpose 4000 1.25* 1.825
Total 30000 14.225
Water resources 30000 0.06 0.66 charge
* Average price
1.1.65.3 Economic Benefits of Mohekou WWTP
The proposed Mohekou WWTP will serve both the industries in MIZ and the residents in Mohekou Township. On the basis of the water demand projection and the wastewater coefficient of 0.85, the sewage treatment quantity is estimated to reach 22100m3/d. Based on the current WWTP tariff (0.7yuan/m3 for industrial wastewater and 0.6 yuan/ m3 for domestic sewage), the economic benefits of Mohekou WWTP will come to 7.235million yuan/y, accounting for 5.9% of the investment. After deducting the O&M cost, the annual benefit will come to 1.535million yuan, indicating the economic benefit is very low, which can only maintain its normal operation as its environmental and social benefits are dominant.
Table 91: Estimated Operational Benefits of Mohekou WWTP
Type of water Consumption Price Total Charges for Water m3/d yuan/m3 supply, million yuan/y
Industrial wastewater 18200 0.7 4.65
Domestic sewage 3400 0.6 0.745
Other wastewater 8400 0.6 1.84
Total 30000 / 7.235
Operating cost of 30000 0.52 5.70 Sewage Plant
6.3. Environmental Impacts during Construction Period
The construction period of the proposed BIEIP is estimated to be as long as 30~48 months, and there are many residential areas (environmentally sensitive points) around the project RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 127/318
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project sites, especially for the urban drainage network projects. According to the project characteristics, the major potential impacts during construction period may cover the aspects of air, noise, water, soil, road traffic, ecology and land use, which are detailed in the following sections.
1.1.66 Impacts on Air Quality
During the project construction, the air pollution sources mainly include flying dust, odor, and exhaust gas from fuel combustion
1.1.66.1 Impacts by Flying Dust
The flying dust during the construction is mainly generated from:
- Mixing of concrete on site, stacking of bulk powder materials and the ground exposure during construction;
- Transportation by vehicles and construction machineries;
- Drifting, scattering and flying of the earth loaded in vehicles and bulk construction materials during the transportation, loading and unloading;
- Temporary sand and stone stacking along the road side, road surface clearing during the construction.
Generally the flying dust from transportation and at the construction sites is the major air pollution source during construction, as analyzed below.
- Flying dust from transportation
The flying dust from transportation is mainly concentrated in the access roads and the major roads for transportation in the project sites, which accounts for over 60% of the total flying dust. The dust quantity can be calculated according to the following empirical formula for the completely dry weather:
0.85 0.75 Q =0.123(V /5)( /6.8) (PW /0.5)
Where Qüüdust from running vehicles, kg/km vehicle;
Vüü speed, km/hr;
Wüü load, t;
Püüdust volume on the road surface, kg/m2
Table 92 shows the dust quantity of a 10t truck that passes through a 1km long road with different cleanness levels and at different speed. Therefore, for the road of the same cleanness level, the faster the vehicle is, the more dust quantity it generates; however, at the same speed, the dirtier the road is, the more dust quantity it generates. Therefore setting the
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project speed limit and keeping the road clean is the effective means to reduce the dust from transportation.
Table 92: Dust Generation by Vehicles at Different Speed and with Different Ground Surface Cleanness
Unit: kg/vehicle•km P 0.1(kg/m2) 0.2(kg/m2) 0.3(kg/m2) 0.4(kg/m2) 0.5(kg/m2) 1.0(kg/m2) Speed
5(km/h) 0.051056 0.085865 0.116382 0.144408 0.170715 0.287108
10(km/h) 0.102112 0.171731 0.232764 0.288815 0.341431 0.574216
15(km/h) 0.153167 0.257596 0.349146 0.433223 0.512146 0.861323
25(km/h) 0.255279 0.429326 0.58191 0.722038 0.853577 1.435539
The dust generated at the construction sites is mainly from the open dump site and the site exposure. The quantity in the dry and windy weather could be calculated according to the empirical formula below:
= − 3 −1.023W Q 2.1(V50 V0 ) e
Where Qüü dusting quantity, kg/t y;
V50üüwind velocity at 50 m from the ground ,m/s;
V0üüwind velocity for dusting, m/s;
W——moisture content of dust particle, %.
V0 depends on the particle size and moisture content. By analogy, the impacted scope of the flying dust during the construction as follows (at the wind velocity of 2.4m/s).
Table 93: TSP Monitoring Results Downwind of the construction site Unit mg/m3 Distance 20m 50m 100m 150m 200m 250m
Concentration 1.503 0.922 0.602 0.591 0.512 0.406
It is shown that the TSP concentration 50m downwind of the construction site is lower than the controlled concentration limit (1.0mg/m3) for fugitive emission regulated by the Comprehensive Emission Standard of Air Pollutants (GB16297-1996). The dust intensity at the construction site is related with many factors including site conditions, construction method, construction equipments, construction season, meteorological conditions and soil characteristics of the construction sites.
The BIEIP covers a wide area, and most of the project sites are distributed linearly with numerous residential areas around, which are susceptible to the impacts of flying dust, as
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project detailed in the table below. However, the impact is temporary and will diminish with the project completion.
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Table 94: Sub-project Area Impact by Flying Dust
Sub- project Name of Sub-project Impacted Area No. 1 Tianhe flood control project No.206 State Highway
Longzi Lake flood control and 2 Xingfu Village, 70m east of the PS project site environment improvement project
Urban (south of Huai River) 3 environmental infrastructure Residential area around the project site improvement Project
PLA Automobile Management Institute, Bengbu Xijiagou & Baligou environment 4 Navy Official School, Yinghe Bridge Primary improvement project School, Zhengying Village Huaishang District flood control and 5 urban environmental infrastructure Residential area around the project site improvement project
Guzhen County integrated Both sides of the project side with dense 6 environment improvement project population
Huaiyuan County integrated 7 Residential area around the project site environment improvement project
Wuhe County Mohekou integrated 8 Sanpu Village, Anzikou, Yuanji Village environment improvement project
1.1.66.2 Odor
The BIEIP involves many desilting projects for canals and ponds. The odor given off during the desilting and the sediment transportation will impact on the surrounding environment.
The odor impacts by this project are analyzed by analogy method on the basis of the Japanese odor intensity six-level rating method, as presented in the Table 95 below. The level 2.5 is regarded as the limit, beyond which it is considered that there is odor pollution and mitigation measures should be taken.
Table 95: Rating of Six-level Odor Intensity (by Japanese Environmental Hygiene Department)
Odor Description of sensation Odor intensity Description of sensation intensity intensity intensity
0 Odorless 3 Obvious odor
1 Slight odor ( sensitivity threshold) 4 Odor
Able to distinguish the type of odor ( 2 5 Strong odor cognitive threshold)
Two cases have been used for analogy here, Mudanjiang Nanpaozi Desilting Project (Dry excavation in summer) and Nanning South Lake Rehabilitation Project (Wet desilting). For the Mudanjiang case, the rating of odor intensity is shown in the table below. However, for the
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Nanning case, the odor only could be smelt at the lakeside, and it is basically odorless beyond 50m.
Table 96: Odor Intensity by Desilting (dry excavation in the dry pond) for the Nanpaozi of Mudanjiang
Distance from the Shore Rating
Lakeside 3
30m 2
80m 1
Beyond 100m 0
Therefore, it is concluded that in the desilting projects of the BIEIP, there will be evident odor at the sides of the desilted ditches; the area beyond 30m is rated as Level 2, lower than the odor intensity limit; for the area beyond 50m, it is almost odorless.
In this project some desilting sites are close to the residential areas, such as the pond desilting in the Niushixiang of Guzhen County, Sanpudagou Great Ditch in Mohekou of Wuhe County and the Mochongyin River. And some residential areas are within 30m from the ditches and ponds to be desilted. Some residents even live beside the ditches and ponds, and will be evitably impacted. However, this kind of impact is temporary and will diminish with the project completion.
1.1.66.3 Exhaust Gas and Smoke & Dust Pollution
In the construction of dykes and flood-top roads, there will be large numbers of transportation vehicles and construction machinery joining in the construction, which will generate exhaust gas including HC, CO and NOx. And in the road projects, the melting and paving of asphalt will produce the hazardous gases such as THC and Bap. However the asphalt is proposed to be mixed in the professional agitation plant to reduce the hazardous gas generation during the asphalt melting. The generation of smoke and dust during the asphalt paving is very little. And the emission of the waste gases like NO2 and CO from the construction machinery is little without major impacts on the surrounding environment.
1.1.67 Noise Impacts
The construction noise mainly comes from the construction machinery and the transportation vehicles, whose level depends on the construction phase, the specific sites and the different types of operations, as detailed below.
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Table 97: Sound Levels of Major Construction Machinery
Sound Construction Activities Major Noise Source Level
Earthwork Excavators, bull-dozers, loaders and submerged pumps 85 108
Foundation Treatment Pilers, drillers and caterpillar tractors 96 109
Cable hoists, concrete mixers, cranes, concrete delivery Concrete Works 95 110 pumps and concrete poker vibrators
Bull-dozers, road rollers, cable hoists and concrete Bridge & Road Projects 85 100 spreaders Note: In the above table, the piling of the road & bridge projects is included in the foundation treatment.
As analyzed above, a lot of mechanical equipments will become the major noise source during the construction with the single-unit noise level between 85-110 dB(A). For open construction, the formular below could be used to calculate the noise attenuation with the distance increase:
−= r2 L2 L1 20log r1
In which
L1 and L2 – Noise level, dB(A) respectively r1 and r2 away from the source;
r1 and r2 – Distance from the noise sources, m.
In the calculation, r1 is taken as 1m
And the calculation results are shown in the following Table 98.
Table 98: Calculation of noise attenuation of major noise-making machinery in the construction period
Unit: dB(A)
Max. Distance from the Construction Machinery (m) Type of job Sound Level 1 10 20 40 80 100 150 200 300 400
Earthwork 108 100 80 74 68 62 60 56 54 50 48
Foundation 109 101 81 75 69 63 61 57 55 51 49 Treatment
Concrete 110 102 82 76 70 64 62 58 56 52 50 Works
Bridge & Road 100 92 72 66 60 56 54 50 48 44 42 Projects
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The standard of “Noise Limits for the Boundary of Construction Sites” (GB12523-90) is applied to the project construction sites. Compared with the Standard, without any mitigation measure, the noise pollution beyond 40 m beyond the diurnal construction machinery reached the Standard on the precondition of not taking any shock reduction and sound insulation measures and the noise pollution at 200 300 m beyond the nocturnal construction machinery also met the Standard.
Assuming that the noise level 1m away from the boundary of the construction sites could comply with the standard requirements, and the construction machineries are 20m away from the site boundary, the noise impacts are predicted, as shown in Table 99.
Table 99: Noise Attenuation of Major Noise-making Machinery during Construction Unit: dB (A)
Construction Construction Distance from the Boundary of Construction Site (m) Time Phase Activities 1 10 20 40 80 100 150 200 300 350
Daytime 75 72 69 66 61 60 57 55 51 50 Earth Works Earthwork Night 55 52 49 46 41 40 37 35 31 30
Daytime 85 82 79 76 71 70 67 65 61 60 Foundation Piling Prohi Treatment Night — — — — — — — — — bited
Concrete Daytime 70 67 64 61 56 55 52 50 46 45 Structural works, road works and bridge Night 55 52 49 46 41 40 37 35 31 30 projects
The Class II standard of the “Environmental Noise Standard for the Urban Area” (GB3096-93) is applied to the acoustic environmental quality around the construction sites, namely, 60 dB(A) for daytime and 50 dB(A) for night. It is shown in the above table that the major environmental impact by the construction noise mainly comes from the piling phase. If the noise level at the boundary of the construction sites is compliant with the standard requirement, for the daytime, the noise level 350m away from the boundary could meet the standard requirement for the piling phase, and 80 100m away from the site boundary for other construction phases. The residents within 100m from the construction sites will be influenced by the construction noise and the residents within 350m from the construction sites will be affected by the construction noise during the piling phase.
Since the proposed pipe network is to be laid in the urban area, there are numerous environmentally sensitive points around. The construction will result in the noise impacts on the surrounding urban area and the residents’ life. However, normally the network will be laid section by section, and the working period for the laying of each section is relatively short. Therefore, the noise impacts could be minimized if various environmental protection measures are strictly taken. On the other hand, since the proposed embankment (including dyke-top roads), desilting projects and culvert stations are not located in the denselyü
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project populated area, the noise impacts will be relatively minor. And the noise impacts will diminish with the construction completion.
1.1.68 Impacts on Water Environment
The wasterwater during construction mainly originates from construction activities and the domestic wastewater produced by the construction workers.
- Wastewater from construction activities
The major pollutant in such kind of wasterwater is SS, and it is mainly generated from:
A. Seepage of groundwater from the foundation pit in the river desilting projects;
B. Large amount of mud and sand flowing into the water bodies during the excavation and filling of roadbed and hole-drilling pouring due to the improper management, which results in the increase of SS and turbidity for the downstream section;
C. The pollutants in the desilted sludge stacked along the riverside seep together with the runoff into the neighboring water bodies with the effects of rainfall and surface scouring;
D. During the construction of the coffer dam, the river bed will be disturbed, making some sediment suspended again; when the coffer dam is removed, the residual slurry left in the dam will be discharged into the river leading to the short-time increase of SS content in the water body.
E. The wastewater generated during the concrete.
- Domestic wastewater
The domestic wastewater discharged from the construction site is expected to be relatively low, and the major pollutants are BOD5, COD, TP, NH3-N and SS from the nightsoil and washing water.
By analogy, the wastewater quality will be COD 300mg/l, BOD5 150mg/l and SS 150 mg/l. To ensure the treatment effects of the domestic wastewater, the nightsoil should be pretreated with septic tanks, and the pretreated domestic wastewater will be sent to a small set of equipments for treatment. For the area along the Huai River, the wastewater should comply with the Class I requirements of the “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard” before it can be discharged into the downstream river section. For the area along the tributaries of the Huai River, the wastewater should comply with the Class II requirements of the “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard” before it can be discharged into the downstream river sections.
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1.1.69 Impacts of Solid Waste
The solid waste generated during construction mainly includes the dirt and crushed stone excavated in the earth works, stone and ash from construction, and the sludge from the river and canal desilting. In addition, the residence of construction workers will also generate some domestic garbage.
1.1.69.1 Sediment of Ditches & Canals
The high moisture content in the desilted sediment stacked along the banks will generate leachate. In particular, the muddy water may be flushed into the rivers in a rainy day, thereby impacting the water quality of the water bodies.
The Bengbu Environmental Monitoring Station monitored the indicators such as heavy metals in the river sediment, and the results show all the sampled sediment is compliant with the Class III requirements of the national Soil Environmental Quality Standard and the “Pollutant Control Standard for the Sludge for Agricultural Use” (GB4284-84). It indicates that the desilted sediment could meet the requirements for agriculture & forestry production and the normal growth of plants without any harm or pollution on the plants and the environment. Therefore the desilted silt could be disposed by on-site stacking, application on farmland and woodland, and filling for roadside greening to realize the earthwork balance, decrease the stacking and transportation of sludge and consequently alleviate the adverse environmental impacts of desilted sludge.
For the pond desilting, the sediment mainly comes from the sedimentation of suspended solid in the large amount of wastewater (mainly domestic wastewater). Therefore it is suggested the sediment should not be used as the agricultural soil for the crops directly for human beings, but should be disposed in the sanitary landfill site as far as possible.
1.1.69.2 Construction Waste
The construction garbage form the project is ordinary solid waste without any toxic and hazardous ingredients. Normally the disposal of abandoned earthwork will not cause adverse environmental impacts.
1.1.69.3 Domestic Garbage
If the domestic garbage generated during construction by the construction workers is not properly disposed, mosquitoes will dramatically increase with stenchy smell given out and the diseases prevalence.
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1.1.70 Ecological Impacts
1.1.70.1 Impacts on Vegetation
During the project construction, the original local landforms and vegetation will be disturbed by the excavation of ground surface, and some farmland will be occupied. The ecological impacts during construction on vegetation are mainly the short-term impacts on the crops and the riverside marsh plants. With the project completion, the original production function of the land can be resumed by secondary ploughing and the impacts will be diminished.
The construction and transportation for the project will lead to the ground exposure and the generation of large amount of flying dust in dry season, which will affect the photosynthesis and growth of nearby crops and trees and consequently reduce the crop yield. In the raining season the scouring of loose soil into the farmland around the construction sites will also have adverse effects on the crop growth.
1.1.70.2 Impacts on Aquatic Life
The river desilting will reduce the quantity of bottom lives in the sediment. However, due to the deterioration of overall water quality in Bengbu, the existing quality of inhabitated environment for the bottom lives is poor, which will be significantly improved with the project completion. And the inhabitated environment for the bottom lives will also be restored gradually. Generally the impacts will be more positive.
1.1.70.3 Impacts on Land Use
The land occupied by the project construction includes the farmland, urban construction land and bottom land. And the temporary land occupation will also destroyed the existing surface vegetation.
1.1.70.4 Impacts of Soil Erosion
The construction activities will destruct the surface vegetation and its soil & water conservation. At the same time, the dumping of large quantities of spoiled soil and residue on the construction sites is easy to result in the soil erosion once it rains, especially the desilted sediment.
6.4. Environmental Impacts during Operation
1.1.71 Impacts on Water Environment
The impacts on the water environment by the proposed BIEIP are mainly analyzed from three aspects: 1) the environmental benefits and the impacts on the total pollutant discharge RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 137/318
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project realized by the completion of the urban sewage system together with the construction and operation of the WWTPs proposed in the drainage master plan; 2) the impacts on the total pollution discharge into the Huai River and the reduction of total pollutants from Mohekou Industrial Park by the construction of Mohekou WWTP; and 3) the environmental impacts on the water quality of Longzi Lake by the discharge of residual wastewater from the dump sites for the Longzi Lake desilted sediment.
1.1.71.1 Impact on Water Environment by Urban Drainage Project
- $QDO\VLVRIXUEDQVHZDJHGLVFKDUJH Based on the statistics for the sewage discharge of the urban sewage discharge outfalls in 2005 and 2006, the percentages of wastewater discharge for all the outfalls are analyzed as follows.
Table 100: Statistics of Sewage Discharge from the Urban Sewage Discharge Outfalls
2005 2006 Name of Percentage in the Sewage Sewage Percentage in the Sewage Total Sewage Outfall Discharge Total Sewage Discharge 3 3 Discharge of the 10000m /y Discharge of the City 10000m /y City
Baligou 1228 11.5% 1649 18.3%
Xijiagou 5080 47.0% 4316 47.8%
No.3 Dock 672 6.2% 336 3.7%
No.1 Dock 669 6.2% 325 3.6%
Jiaotong Road 1185 11.2% 870 9.7%
Longzi Lake 1840 17.0% 1510 16.7%
Baojiagou 100 0.9% 21 0.2%
Total 10744 100% 9027 100%
From the above data, we can see that, among the seven major urban pollution discharge outlets, the pollution discharge volume of Xijiagou is the largest, which accounted for more than 47% of the urban total discharge amount, and followed by Baligou, the Longzi Lake, Jiaotong Road, No.3 Dock, No.1 Dock and Baljiagou. We can also see that, the sewage of Bengbu City can be divided by the Xijiagou, the sewage amount of the west area of Xijiagou is larger, which accounted for more than 60% of the total amount, nearly 154,000m3/d; while the sewage of the east area of Xijiagou is less than 40% of the total, amounting to 104,000 m3 /d. The total amount of sewage collected by the urban sewage outfalls is about 258,000m3/d.
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Statistical analysis chart of pollution discharge volume of Bengbu City pollution discharge outlets Baligou Xijiagou È È È No.3 Dock No.1 Dock È Jiaotong Road Longzi River Baojiagou È È È
Figure 19: Statistic Analysis of Sewage Discharge from Bengbu Urban Outfalls
According to the 2005 statistic data, in Bengbu city, the sewage treatment capacity is 25.55 million m3, the industrial wastewater treatment capacity is 16.89 million tons and the total amount of sewage collection and treatment is 42.44 million tons/year. The concentrated sewage treatment rate is about 30%, so the total sewage amount of Bengbu City in 2005 is about 141.47 million tons / year, the ratio of the living wastewater to the industrial wastewater is 3:2. Seen from the current distribution of Bengbu City drainage system, the sewage entering the 7 pollution discharge outlets is basically collected by the pipe network. Only the east side of Baligou, east bank of the Longzi Lake and Baojiagou area haven’t formed the pipe network, so the sewage access network rate of the pollution discharge outlets of Baligou and the Longzi Lake takes by 50%, and exclude the sewage of Baojiahou. Accordingly, estimate the actual collection rate of Bengbu City sewage pipe network. Table 101 is the estimated results of sewage collection rate.
Table 101: Estimated Collection Rate of Bengbu Municipal Sewage Network
No.3 No.1 Jiaotong Longzi Pollution Discharge Outfall Baligou Xijiagou Dock Dock Road Lake
Sewage Connection Rate 50% 100% 100% 100% 100% 50%
Actual Connected Sewage 614 5080 672 669 1185 1840 Quantity 10000m3/d
Total Connected Sewage 10060 Quantity 10000m3/d
Total Municipal Sewage in 2005 14147
Current Sewage Collection Rate 70%
From the estimated data in the table: the current sewage collection rate of Bengbu City is about 70%, the sewage treatment rate is around 30%, which is close to the average treatment rate 33% of the wastewater in the Huai River. It is far below the requirement in the plan of reaching 70% of the concentrated sewage treatment rate till 2010.So it is very
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project important to perfect the construction of sewage closure pipe network and speed up the construction of sewage treatment works.
- :DWHUTXDOLW\DQDO\VLVRIXUEDQVHZDJH According to 2005 statistics data of the total amount of pollutants with chemical oxygen demand and NH3-N index, nearly 100,000 tons of the sewage achieved GB18918-2002 Class I A standard (CODcr 50mg/L, NH3-N 5mg/L) after the treatment of Xijiagou sewage treatment plant, and then discharged into the Huai River, estimate the water quality of the remaining untreated sewage as the current average concentration of Bengbu City untreated sewage. Figure 20, Figure 21 and Figure 22 are the statistical analysis charts of sewage and pollutants discharge of 7 pollution discharge outlets.
Table 102: Statistical Analysis of Water Quality at the Outfalls of Bengbu Urban Area in 2005
Name of Pollution Discharge Wastewater Quantity COD No. cr NH -N mg/L Outfall 10000m3/y mg/L 3
1 Baligou 1228 255 29.0
2 Xijiahou 5080 132 29.9
3 No.3 Dock 672 184 44.9
4 No.1 Dock 669 244 34.8
5 Jiaotong Road 1185 256 42.8
6 Longzi Lake 1840 225 41.8
7 Baojiagou 100 236 28.7
Weighted Mean 10774 187 34.5
Estimation of Total Pollution Discharge in 10774 15147 2640 2005
Statistical Value of total Pollution 10774 20115 3713 Discharge in 2005
Deviation ratio 1.35 1.41 (Statistical value/Estimated value)
Note: *Estimated value: 100,000 tons/day of the sewage in the total sewage of 2005 is treated effectively and achieved Class I A standard, estimate the COD, NH3-N emissions of the remaining sewage by the weighted average of the seven pollution discharge outlets.
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Statistical Analysis of CODcr Disc&2'FUharge of Bengbu Urban Pollution Discharge Outfalls in 2005
%DOLJRXÃ ;LMLDJRXÃ 1RÃ'RFNÃ 1RÃ'RFNÃ -LDRWRQJÃ 5RDGÃ /RQJ]LÃ5LYHUÃ %DRMLDJRX
Figure 20: Statistical analysis chart of CODcr emissions of Bengbu City
Statistical analysis chart of ammonia nitrogen emissions of Bengbu City pollution discharge outlets in 2005
%DOLJRXÃ ;LMLDJRXÃ 1RÃ'RFNÃ 1RÃ'RFNÃ -LDRWRQJÃ 5RDGÃ /RQJ]LÃ5LYHUÃ %DRMLDJRX
Figure 21: Statistical analysis chart of NH3-N emissions of Bengbu City pollution discharge outlets in 2005 From Table 102, we can see that, if estimate the pollution discharge volume by the weighted average of the urban seven pollution discharge outlets, the value is markedly lower than the actual emissions of the pollutants, so we need to make some adjustments of the weighted average value to make it close to the actual discharge concentration of the sewage. Meanwhile, this environmental evaluation uses reverse deduction method to estimate the water quality of the untreated sewage, the specific methods are: based on the sewage discharge volume, emissions of the pollutants of seven major pollution discharge outlets of Bengbu City in 2005, there is 100,000 tons of sewage can achieve Class I A standard after the treatment of sewage treatment plant, estimate the
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project emissions of the pollutants of these discharge sewage which already achieved the standard. Take the remaining emissions of pollutants as the untreated sewage emissions, then reverse deduct the water quality of the untreated sewage water. Estimated results are shown in Table 103.
Table 103: Reverse deduction estimate table of water quality of untreated sewage water of Bengbu City in 2005
Wastewater COD NH3-N Discharge Project Volume Concentration Discharge Concentration Discharge 10000 t/a mg/L amount mg/L amount
Statistical value of total 10774 2.0115 0.3713 amount
Treated Sewage Up to 3650 50 0.1825 5 0.01825 Standard
Untreated 7124 257 1.829 50 0.35305 Sewage
From the data in the table, we can see that, if want to match the actual emissions of pollutants, the water quality of the untreated sewage water shall be CODcr of 257mg / L and NH3-N of 50 mg/L. Analysis of the estimated data in table 5 and table 6 and take into the full consideration of the fluctuation scope of the water quality of seven pollution discharge outlets, this environmental evaluation final confirms: Among the sewage discharged from the seven pollution discharge outlets of Bengbu City, the water quality of the untreated sewage water is CODcr of 250mg/L and NH3-N of 45gm/L.
In the following analysis of the total pollutants and the prediction of water-environmental impact, we will use such value as the average water quality of the untreated sewage.
- 7RWDODPRXQWFRQWURODQDO\VLVRIXUEDQVHZDJH According to the development planning and drainage plan of Bengbu City, till 2010, Bengbu City's sewage collection system will form the basic network and the total amount of the sewage will be 494,100 m3/d.After the completion of urban drainage projects, if without the newly construction of sewage treatment plants for matching, with the increase of the sewage amount and the concentrated pollution discharge outlets, it may Pb to the pollution discharged into the Huai River much higher than the total amount of discharge sewage in 2005 and cause the adverse impact to the Huai River. The environmental evaluation will analyze the changes of the total amount of Bengbu City’s discharge sewage according to the different levels of sewage treatment. And the prediction evaluation of the water- environmental impact of Bengbu section of the Huai River.
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The total amount control analysis will estimate the recent planning sewage amount in 2010 by the different sewage treatment capacity.
(1) Based on the current sewage treatment capacity, that is only maintain the treatment capacity of 100,000 tons/day of Xijiagou sewage treatment plant, and the water quality of untreated sewage takes the average value of current water quality, then estimate the total amount of the pollutants discharged into the Huai River.
(2) Suppose there will be Xijiagou sewage treatment plant only to treat the sewage at full capacity in 2010, with the treatment capacity up to 200,000 tons /day of the design scale, then estimate the total amount of the pollutants discharged into the Huai River.
(3) Suppose Xijiagou sewage treatment plant, the Yangtaizi sewage treatment plant and the Hebei sewage treatment plant all completed and put into operation according to plan, then estimate the total emissions of the pollutants.
The yearly different sewage treatment capacity and the estimated results of total emissions of the pollutants of Bengbu City planning are shown in Table 104, Figure 22, Figure 23 and Figure 24.
Table 104: Estimated table of yearly total emissions of the pollutants of
Bengbu City Planning
Evaluation Total Treated Untreated Change of total amount Change of total amount period emissions of sewage volume the pollutants volume 10000 t/a COD Increase or NH3-N Increase or 10000 t/a 10000 t/a decrease % decrease %
Current 29.5 10 19.5 20115 3713 state of 2005
2010 A 49.4 10 39.4 37778 +87.8% 6654 +79.2%
B 49.4 20 29.4 30478 +51.5% 5194 +39.9%
C 49.4 32.5 16.9 21353 +6.2% 3369 -9.3%
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Figure 24: Statistical Chart of Total Discharge Amount of NH3-N in 2010 From the date in Table 104 and Figure 22, Figure 23 and Figure 24, we can see that, till 2010, as the population continues to increase and the sustained economic development, as well as the gradually improvement of sewage closure pipe network, the sewage of Bengbu City will increase greatly, which will increase by 67.5% compared with the current situation of 2005.The implementation of urban drainage projects makes the most sewage discharge into the Huai River through the pipes, if without the construction of the matching sewage treatment works, the total amount of pollution discharge will also increase substantially. Till 2010, if still maintain the existing sewage treatment capacity, that is 100,000 tons/day treatment capacity of Xijiagou sewage treatment plant, the total amount of COD emissions will increase by 87.8% compared with that in 2005, while the NH3-N will increase by 79.2%; if the design treatment capacity of 200,000 tons/day of Xijiagou is under the normal operation, the total amount of COD emissions will increase by 51.5% compared with that in 2005, while the NH3-N will increase by 39.9%;If the supplementary construction of Yangtaizi sewage treatment plant Phase I and Huaishang Hebei sewage treatment plant Phase I can put into use as the planning, the total amount of COD emissions will increase by 6.2% compared with that in 2005, which is close to the current situation of 2005 basically. And the emissions of NH3-N will decrease by 9.3% compared with that in 2005. It is evident that the construction projects of urban drainage system must be interconnected with the sewage treatment projects, so as to play the role in control the pollution and have the real environmental benefits.
1.1.71.2 Prediction of water-environmental impact of the Huai River
- &XUUHQWVLWXDWLRQRISROOXWLRQGLVFKDUJHRIWKH+XDL5LYHU According to the monitoring data in 2006, the flow and the water quality of urban seven pollution discharge outlets and three monitoring sections are shown in Table 105.
Table 105: Statistical table of date of pollution discharge outlet and monitoring section of Bengbu City
Distance No. Name of section Monitoring value Flow m3/s NH -N mg/L COD mg/L km 3 cr
Scope of the 85.2 2940 2.6 4.3 9.2 16.2 Section of Bengbu Monitoring value S1 0 Gate 187.68 Average value 3.3 (dry) 16.2 (dry) (dry)
Scope of the 0.2- 1.46 17.4 38.4 120 469 Baligou pollution Monitoring value W1 3.6/3.6 discharge outlet Average value 0.52 25.8 317
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Distance No. Name of section Monitoring value Flow m3/s NH -N mg/L COD mg/L km 3 cr
Scope of the 0.3 1.86 1.70 18.8 34 224 Xijiagou pollution Monitoring value W2 6.4/2.8 discharge outlet Average value 1.37 10.0 110
Scope of the 0.04 0.17 26.6 70.9 117 339 No.3 Dock pollution Monitoring value W3 8.4/2 discharge outlet Average value 0.11 45.5 207
Scope of the 0.09 0.13 24.1 58.2 120 464 No.1 Dock pollution Monitoring value W4 9.4/1 discharge outlet Average value 0.10 41.9 240
Scope of the Jiaotong Road 0.18 0.40 23.0 61.1 117 494 Monitoring value W5 pollution discharge 12/2.6 outlet Average value 0.28 40.8 290
Scope of the 0.29 0.65 20.6 56.4 123 214 Longzi pollution Monitoring value W6 15.5/3.5 discharge outlet Average value 0.48 36.0 160
Scope of the 0.08 2.96 11.7 21.0 New railway bridge Monitoring value S2 17/1.5 section Average value 1.05 16.0
Scope of the 1.21 49.6 25 717 Baojiagou pollution Monitoring value W7 26.5/9.5 discharge outlet Average value 0.032 23.3 300
Scope of the 0.21 2.48 10.7 21.5 S3 Mohekou section 30.5/4 Monitoring value Average value 1.05 14.5
Scope of the
Pollution discharge Monitoring value W8 outlet of Mohekou 32/1.5 Park 5 50 Average value 0.35 (entering30) (entering450)
According to the drainage planning of Bengbu City, after the completion of this project, the recent sewage closure projects of Bengbu City in 2010 will be basically completed then, the sewage will be concentrated treated by Xijiagou sewage treatment plant, Yangtaizi sewage treatment plant and Hebei sewage treatment plant. The situation of sewage treatment system of Bengbu City in 2010 is shown in Table 106.
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Table 106: Statistical table of drainage of Bengbu City’s sewage treatment plants 10000 m3/d
Name of sewage treatment Xijiahou Yangtaizi Hebei (Huaibei) Mohekou Park Total plant
Current state of 2005 10 — — — 14
Planning of 2010 20 10 2.5 3 35.5
Location of pollution discharge outlet 6.4km 16km 6km 32 (below the Bengbu Gate)
Implementation of GB18918-2002 Class I A standard: COD 50mg/L Outlet water quality cr NH3-N 5mg/L
This environmental evaluation conducts the impact analysis of the water quality of Bengbu section of the Huai River (Section of Bengbu Gate------Mohekou Section) and the prediction indexes are CODcr and NH3-N.
Simulation of the pollution discharge section of the Huai River
According to the technical guidelines of environmental evaluation, the annual average flow of Bengbu section of the Huai River is more than 150 m3/s, which is the large river and can be simplified as the rectangular straight river.
Simplify the pollution sources. Based on the evaluation level and the actual situation of Bengbu section of the Huai River, simplify the pollution sources as the consecutive constant emission point sources. The main sources of this system are: Xijiagou sewage treatment plant, Yangtaizi sewage treatment plant, Hebei sewage treatment plant and the sewage treatment plan of Mohekou Park, the upstream inflow of Bengbu Gate is also considered to be one influent pollution source of this system.
- &KRLFHRIPDWKHPDWLFDOPRGHO This evaluation uses meandering river steady-state mixed cumulative flow model, predict and evaluate the impact degree and scope of the project’s sewage to the water body of downstream.
Non-persistent pollutants
2 2 x c pQ p q ()2Q − q c(x,q) = exp− K c + exp− + exp− h 1 86400u h π 4M x 4M x M q x q q q=huy
2 Mq=h uMy
Of which xüThe distance between the prediction point and the discharge point, m; y--Horizontal distance between the prediction point and the discharge point, m;
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K1--Degradation coefficient of the pollutants in the river, 1/d; c--Concentration of the pollutants at the prediction point(x,y), mg/l; aüThe distance between the sewage discharge outlet and the riverbank0 a B), m. cp--Concentration of the pollutants in the sewage, mg/l;
Qp—Sewage flow, m3/s; ch—Concentration of the pollutants in the river upstream (background concentration), mg/l; h--Average depth of the river, m;
My—Horizontal mixed (diffusion) coefficient of the river, m2/s; u—Flow speed of the river, m/s;
Qh—Flow rate of the river, m3/s;
According to the provisions of NJ/T2.3-93,the horizontal mixed coefficient My is calculated by Taylor method:
= + M y (0.058h 0.0065B) ghi
Of which: h--Average water depth, m; g-- Acceleration of gravity,m/s2;
I—Hydraulic gradient, m/m;
B—River width, m.
The estimated value of parameter K1 is determined by two-point method:
86400 u C K = Ln 1 1 ∆ X C 2
Of which: X—Section distance of up-down stream, m;
C1, C2—Concentration of the pollutants of the up-down stream water body, mg/L;
u—Flow speed of the river, m/s; z Evaluation scope, period and contents of the projection
The evaluation scope of surface water-environmental impact is the Bengbu section of the Huai River, and within the downstream 1500 of pollution discharge outlet of sewage treatment plant in Mohekou Fine Chemical Industrial Park (Sanpu River drainage pump station) with the distance of 32km. z The contents of prediction include:
Simulation of the current water quality to determine the parameters of water quality;
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Predict the water quality under the normal operation after the completion of the sewage treatment plants and evaluate the conditions of the water quality;
Predict the water quality of the accidental discharge of the sewage treatment plants and risk analysis the degree of the effects.
- 3DUDPHWHUGHWHUPLQDWLRQRIWKH+XDL5LYHUZDWHUV\VWHPVLPXODWLRQ Because the flow of the Huai River changes greatly in the different years and seasons and affected by various upstream lock gates and other gates substantially. The environmental evaluation is intend to use the average flow 187.68m3/s of the Huai River during the drought period in the recent ten years, suppose there is no other influents, just has different pollution discharge outlets, then predict the impact of pollution discharge to the water environment of the Huai River.
Based on the monitoring data of the routine monitoring sections of Bengbu in 2005, according to the current pollution discharge volume and the concentrations of pollutants of the seven pollution discharge outlets, as well as the locations of pollution discharge outlets, we can calculate the attenuation coefficient KCOD=0.12d-1, KNH3-N=0.08d-1 by using formula (1), formula (2) and the parameters.
- 3UHGLFWLRQRIZDWHUTXDOLW\RI%HQJEXVHFWLRQRIWKH+XDL5LYHU Prediction of the water quality of the sewage treatment plants under the normal operation
Till 2010, the total amount of Bengbu City’s sewage is about 494,000 m3/d, the total sewage treatment capacity of three urban sewage treatment plants and one Park’s sewage treatment plant is about 355,000m3/d, that is the urban sewage treatment rate shall reach 72% after the completion of the sewage treatment plants, which is in line with the requirements of 70% sewage collection treatment rate of the 2010 drainage planning. Summary of the inlet and outlet water quality of the four sewage treatment plants is shown in Table 107.
Table 107: Summary statement of inlet and outlet water quality of the sewage treatment plants
Water quality of Water quality of accidental untreated Sewage Name of Outlet water quality discharge Inlet water quality (Sewage system of sewage Class I A standard treatment (By 30% of the the south of the treatment rate) City) plant
CODcr NH3-N CODcr NH3-N COD NH3-N COD NH3-N
Xijiahou 350 40 50 5 245 28 250 45
Yangtaizi 320 35 50 5 224 24.5 250 45
Hebei 400 35 50 5 280 24.5 250 45
Mohekou 450 30 50 5 315 21.0 250 45 Park
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After the completion of the sewage treatment plants, the outlet water quality under the normal operation is in line with the GB18918-2002 Class I A standard, the remaining untreated sewage will be mainly from the sewage system of the south of the City in the future planning, which will be discharged. See details in Table 108.
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Table 108: List of prediction contents of water environment of Bengbu section of the Huai River in 2010
Proposal Conditions of prediction Pollution discharge outlet
z Suppose the four sewage treatment plants all discharge up to standard A z The remaining sewage will be discharged into the Huai River through Xijiagou
z Suppose the three urban sewage treatment plants all Four pollution discharge B discharge up to standard outlets (Xijiagou, the Longzi z Accidental discharge of Mohekou Park Lake, Small Bengbu Station, the Sanpu River drainage station) z All the sewage treatment plants discharge with the C failure to meet the standard
z Completion of sewage treatment plant in the south of D the City (155,000 t/d) z Discharge all the sewage up to the standard
Specific conditions of the prediction for each proposal and the parameters selection are shown in
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Table 109.
Prediction parameters selection: The flow of upstream inflow of Bengbu Gate uses the average flow of 187.68 m3/s during the drought period of many years, the average flow speed is 0.11m/s; The background concentration of the pollutants uses the on-line monitoring average concentration CODcr for 16.2mg/L and NH3-N for 3.3mg/L during the drought period of Bengbu Gate section of the Huai River.
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Table 109: Summary statement of conditions of prediction and parameters
Location of Water quality mg/L Water Name of pollution Name of sewage amount Proposal pollution discharge outlet treatment plant 10000 discharge outlet (From section of COD NH3-N m3/d Bengbu Gate)
Xijiahou 20 50 5 Xijiahou 6km Untreated 13.9 250 45 Sewage outlet
Proposal Small Bengbu Huaishang 6km 2.5 50 5 A Station Hebei
Longzi Lake Yangtaizi 15.5 10 50 5
Sanpu River Mohekou Park 32 3 50 5 pump station
Xijiahou 20 50 5 Xijiahou 6km Untreated 13.9 250 45 Sewage outlet
Proposal Small Bengbu Huaishang 6km 2.5 50 5 B Station Hebei
Longzi Lake Yangtaizi 15.5 10 50 5
Sanpu River Mohekou Park 32 3 315 21 pump station
Xijiahou 20 245 28 Xijiahou 6km Untreated 13.9 250 45 Sewage outlet
Proposal Small Bengbu Huaishang 6km 2.5 280 24.5 C Station Hebei
Longzi Lake Yangtaizi 15.5 10 224 24.5
Sanpu River Mohekou Park 32 3 315 21 pump station
Proposal Xijiahou D Xijiahou 6km 33.9 50 5 South of city
Small Bengbu Huaishang 6km 2.5 50 5 Station Hebei
Longzi Lake Yangtaizi 15.5 10 50 5
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Location of Water quality mg/L Water Name of pollution Name of sewage amount Proposal pollution discharge outlet treatment plant 10000 discharge outlet (From section of COD NH3-N m3/d Bengbu Gate)
Sanpu River Mohekou Park 32 3 50 5 pump station
This environmental evaluation conducts the prediction and analysis of water-environmental impact of Bengbu section of the Huai River according to the above four different drainage proposals, the prediction results are shown in Table 110, Figure 25, Figure 26 and Figure 27.
Table 110: Prediction table of water quality of the sewage treatment plant under the operation period
Proposal A Proposal B Proposal C Proposal D Prediction section CODcr NH3-N CODcr NH3-N CODcr NH3-N CODcr NH3-N
Section of Bengbu
Gate (Initial CODcr 16.2mg/L, NH3-N 3.3mg/L. concentration)
New railway bridge 28.13 5.15 28.13 5.15 50.13 7.70 21.62 3.78 section
Mohekou section 21.72 4.38 21.72 4.38 33.60 5.87 16.26 3.17
Downstream 3.5km 21.57 4.34 26.11 4.61 37.32 6.04 16.35 3.16 of Mohekou section
The distance of the resumption to the section of Bengbu 22km 32km 26km 34km 57km 67km 2.4km — Gate (COD 16.2mg/L, NH3-N 3.3mg/L)
GB3838-2002 Class COD 20 mg/L, NH3-N 1.0 mg/L. water body cr
From the data in Table 110 and Figure 25, Figure 26, Figure 27 and Figure 28, we can see that, the change trend of the concentration of pollutants in each evaluation section is: The water quality of new railway bridge section is in the rapid decline compared with the section of Bengbu Gate; the water quality of the downstream of Mohekou section is slightly better than in new railway bridge section, but still has some pollution compared with the water quality of the upstream inflow. For the prediction value of Mohekou section, the results of proposal A is clearly better than proposal B, which reflects the water quality of the sewage of Mohekou Park having the greater impact to the water quality of the Huai River.
The main difference between the proposal A and proposal B is that the water quality of downstream 3.5km of Mohekou section (downstream 2km of pollution discharge outlet of
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Mohekou Park) is close to the water quality of upstream inflow of Bengbu Gate basically. It indicates that once the sewage treatment plant can effectively play its sewage treatment capacity to ensure the tail water of the sewage treatment plant discharge up to the standard, then it will have little environmental impact to the downstream of Bengbu section of the Huai River.
The prediction results of proposal C show that, if the sewage treatment plants can not discharge the tail water up to the standard, the COD and NH3-N of new railway bridge section will over the standard of Class III water body; the prediction results of Mohekou section show that, through the attenuation of nearly 30km of Bengbu section, the NH3-N concentration in the sewage is still over the standard, which indicates the water quality of sewage discharged from Bengbu to the Huai River has the greater impact to Bengbu section of the Huai River and its downstream and it has the great significance for whether the water quality of the downstream of the Huai River can maintain the function of Class III water body.
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Proposal A 120 LÃeÃvel of Bengbu Watergate Xintie Bridge Mohekou BÃÃengbu 100 Watergate
80
60 P , Q=100000m3/d 3 4 P , Q=30000m3/d P , Q=25000m /d 5 COD(mg/L) 1 3 P2, Q=200000m /d 40 3 PP3, Q=139000m /d
20
0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 River Length (km)
B 120 Proposal B Bengbu Watergate Xintie Bridge Mohekou ÃÃ
LeÃvÃel of 100 Bengbu Watergate 80
60 P , Q=100000m 3/d 3 4 3 P1, Q=25000m /d PP5, Q=30000m /d COD (mg/L) P , Q=200000m 3/d 2 40 PP , Q=139000m 3/d 3
20
0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 River Length (km )
Figure 25: 2010 Urban Drainage Proposal C, D - Prediction Chart of CODcr Discharge Impact
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240 C 220 Proposal C Bengbu Watergate Xintie Bridge Mohekou ÃÃ 200 ÃÃLevel of 180 Bengbu 160 Watergate 140
120
100 3
COD (mg/L) PP, Q=100000m/d 3 4 PP, Q=30000m/d PP, Q=25000m3/d 5 80 1 PP, Q=200000m3/d 60 2 PP, Q=139000m3/d 3 40
20
0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 River Length (km)
D 60 ÃÃ Proposal D Bengbu Watergate Mohekou Level of Xintie Bridge ÃÃBengbu 50 Ã Watergat e
40
P , Q=100000m 3/d 4 3 3 30 P 5, Q=30000m /d P 1, Q=25000m /d COD (mg/L) 3 P’2, Q=339000m /d
20
10
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 R iver Length (m )
Figure 26: 2010 Urban Drainage Proposal C, D - Prediction Chart of CODcr Discharge Impact
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22 A
20 Proposal A Xintie Bridge Mohekou ÃÃ Level of 18 Bengbu Watergate ÃÃ Bengbu 16 Watergat
14 e
12 -N(mg/L) 3 10 3
NH P , Q=100000m /d 4 3 3 P5, Q=30000m /d P1, Q=25000m /d 8 3 P2, Q=200000m /d PP ,Q=139000m3/d 6 3
4
2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 River Length (km)
22 Proposal B B 20 Bengbu Watergate Xintie Bridge ÃÃ Mohekou Level of 18 BÃÃengbu
16 Watergat e 14
12 -N (mg/L) 3 10 3 3 P , Q=100000m /d P , Q=25000m /d 4 NH 1 PP , Q=30000m 3/d P , Q=200000m 3/d 5 8 2 PP ,Q=139000m 3/d 3 6
4
2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 River Length (km )
Figure 27: 2010 Urban Drainage Proposal A, B - Prediction Chart of NH3-N Discharge Impact
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C 32 Proposal C Bengbu Watergate Xintie Bridge Mohekou ÃÃ 28 LeveÃÃl of Bengbu 24 Watergat
20 e
-N (mg/L) 16 3
3 3
NH PP, Q=100000m/d 3 PP1, Q=25000m/d 4 PP5, Q=30000m/d 12 PP,Q=200000m3/d 2 PP,Q=139000m3/d 3 8
4
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 River Length (km)
10 D Bengbu Watergate Proposal D Xintie Bridge Mohekou 8
6 3 P , Q=25000m /d 3 -N(mg/L) 1 3 P 4, Q=100000m /d 3 3 P’2, Q=339000m /d NH P 5, Q=30000m /d
4
2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 River Length (km )
Figure 28: 2010 Urban Drainage Proposal C, D - Prediction Chart of NH3-N Discharge Impact
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Through the water quality prediction, this environmental evaluation put forward the following suggestions: (1) Bengbu shall actively operate the supporting construction of the sewerage treatment projects and need to accelerate the pace of development; the urban infrastructure construction, especially the construction of the sewage pipe network and sewage treatment plants project shall be coherent with the development of the Bengbu new district. To ensure the Bengbu section of the Huai River maintains the function of Class III water body basically, the new construction and expansion of the sewage treatment plants is imperative. Meanwhile, monitor and predict the serious situation of NH3-N index exceeding the standard of the water quality, as well as the treatment requirement for the NH3-N of 5mg/L in the Class I A standard for the urban sewage treatment plants, we suggest the sewage treatment plants shall take into the enough consideration of the NH3-N removal efficiency when choosing the sewage treatment process. Treatment process must have strong capacity to remove the phosphorus and nitrogen. (2) In order to minimize the pollution load to the downstream Bengbu of the Huai River, we shall in particular, strengthen the monitoring works for the sewage treatment discharge up to the standard of Mohekou Park. Especially the industrial and mining enterprises within the Park must do the pretreatment discharge up to the standard, from one hand, we shall avoid the industrial enterprises in the park to discharge the sewage into the Huai River directly; from the other hand, we shall prevent the pretreatment of the enterprises over the standard, further Pbs to the pollution load of the sewage entering the sewage treatment plant is too large for the normal operation, then a large amount of industrial wastewater will collection discharge with failure to meet the standard, which will cause the serious environmental pollution to the water environment of the Huai River. Thus, the emissions of industrial wastewater with the failure to meet the standard of Mohekou Park become the potential risk for the downstream water environment of the Huai River.
1.1.71.3 Water-environmental impact analysis of Mohekou sewage treatment plant
- :DWHUHQYLURQPHQWDOLPSDFWDQDO\VLVGXULQJWKHQRUPDORSHUDWLRQSHULRG (1) Investigation on Current Situation of Regional Surface Water
For the sewage treatment plant of Mohekou industrial Park and the supplementary pipe network project are still in the planning, the generated sewage of the enterprises within the Park and some living sewage of Mohekou town are discharged into the Huai River through Sanpu big ditch. Sanpu big ditch and the bypass channel of the Mochongyin River are two artificial irrigation ditches, the gates to the Huai River are basically closed except the flood discharge.
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(2) The main contents of the prediction
After the completion of the sewage treatment plant, the enterprises sewage within the Park and the living sewage of the town will not be discharged into Sanpu big ditch directly any more; after the treatment, the sewage will achieve Class 1 A standard, then is discharged into the bypass channel of the Mochongyin River and flows southward to the Huai River.
This evaluation mainly predicts the impact of the water quality of the Huai River after the completion of the projects, forecasts the contribution value of the concentration of the of the pollutants in the river because of the sewage discharge of the sewage treatment plant, as well as the distribution of the concentration of pollutants in the river.
(3) Predictive factor and model z Predictive factor
The predictive factor of water-environmental impact is COD. z Predictive model
This evaluation uses meandering river steady-state mixed cumulative flow model, predict and evaluate the impact degree and scope of the project’s sewage to the water body of downstream.
Non-persistent pollutants:
2 2 x c pQ p q ()2Q − q c(x,q) = exp− K c + exp− + exp− h 1 86400u h π 4M x 4M x M q x q q q=huy
2 Mq=h uMy
Of which xüThe distance between the prediction point and the discharge point, m; y--Horizontal distance between the prediction point and the discharge point, m;
K1--Degradation coefficient of the pollutants in the river, 1/d; c--Concentration of the pollutants at the prediction point(x,y), mg/l; aüThe distance between the sewage discharge outlet and the riverbank0 a B),m. cp--Concentration of the pollutants in the sewage, mg/l;
Qp—Sewage flow, m3/s; ch—Concentration of the pollutants in the river upstream (background concentration), mg/l; h--Average depth of the river, m;
My—Horizontal mixed (diffusion) coefficient of the river, m2/s; u—Flow speed of the river, m/s;
Qh—Flow rate of the river, m3/s; RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 161/319
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According to the provisions of NJ/T2.3-93, the horizontal mixed coefficient My is calculated by Taylor method:
= + M y (0.058h 0.0065B) ghi
Of which: h--Average depth, m; g-- Acceleration of gravity,m/s2;
I—Hydraulic gradient, m/m;
B—River width, m.
The estimated value of parameter K1 is determined by two-point method:
86400 u C K = Ln 1 1 ∆ X C 2
Of which: X—Section distance of up-and down-stream, m;
C1, C2—Concentration of the pollutants of the up-down stream water body, mg/L;
u—Flow speed of the river, m/s;
According to the statistics of Hydrologic Data in the calendar years of Bengbu section of the Huai River, the average flow of the Huai River during the drought period in the recent ten years is 187.68 m3/s, during the gate close period, Bengbu section of the Huai River just has the discharge of 12.5 m3/s under the gate open. Considering the gate close during the drought period of Bengbu Gate of the Huai River, we can get the relationship of the flow speed and the flow: u=0.01025Q0.8733 z Parameter Selection
The specific hydrological parameters are as follows: Uclose=0.009m/s; Qclose=12.5 m3/s; h=3.0m;B=300m; I=2.9*10-5;K=0.16L/d (Select the water capacity of Bengbu City to check the experience value of the research result, and use two-point method to check the routine monitoring data of the sections of the Huai River); My=0.062m/s; Ch=12.2mg/L (Monitor the maximum COD of the current situation).The treatment scale of the sewage treatment plant is 30,000 m3/d, during the normal discharge of the sewage: Qp=8.33 m3/s;Cp=50mg/L. z Prediction Result
Integrate the prediction parameters into the formula to calculate the COD prediction result of each monitoring section after the completion of the projects. Prediction results are shown in
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Table 111.
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Table 111: Prediction results of water quality during normal operation period of the sewage treatment plant Unit: mg/L C(mg/m3) y 30m 60m 90m 120m 150m 180m 210m 240m 270m 300m x
Downstream 50m of pollution discharge outlet 22.14 13.49 12.13 12.08 12.08 12.08 12.08 12.08 12.08 12.08
Downstream 100m of pollution discharge outlet 21.71 15.62 12.67 12.02 11.96 11.95 11.95 11.95 11.95 11.95
Downstream 200m of pollution discharge outlet 19.67 16.59 13.86 12.40 11.87 11.73 11.71 11.71 11.71 11.71
Downstream 500m of pollution discharge outlet 16.23 15.30 14.10 12.97 12.10 11.54 11.23 11.09 11.04 11.02
Downstream 1,000m of pollution discharge outlet 13.37 13.05 12.58 12.04 11.50 11.03 10.65 10.37 10.18 10.07
Downstream 1,300m of pollution discharge outlet 12.20 11.99 11.68 11.30 10.90 10.52 10.19 9.92 9.72 9.57
Downstream 2,000m of pollution discharge outlet 10.10 10.00 9.85 9.66 9.44 9.22 9.00 8.80 8.63 8.49
Downstream 3,000m of pollution discharge outlet 7.93 7.88 7.81 7.72 7.62 7.50 7.38 7.26 7.15 7.05
Limit value of COD in Class standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002)is 20mg/l.From the prediction results, we can see that: The COD concentration at downstream 200m of pollution discharge outlet can just reach the standard; the COD concentration at downstream 1300m can just achieve the background concentration.
The sewage causes a certain degree of pollution to the water quality of the Huai River within the downstream 1300m of the pollution discharge outlet.
z Impact Analysis
After the implementation of the sewage treatment works, the ecological impact is mainly the positive impact, the main negative impact is shown in the impact to the surrounding ecological environment of the pollution discharge outlet, with the smaller impact to the terrestrial ecological environment.
(1) The impact to the surrounding ecological environment of the pollution discharge outlet
The sewage is collection discharge after the closure treatment, there will be considerable non-removal suspended solids and sediments to discharge into the Huai River along with the sewage. The surrounding sediments of the pollution discharge outlet will have some impact to the species and quantity of the benthic organism. Meanwhile, for the collection discharge of the sewage, it will form a certain length of the pollution belt near the downstream of the pollution discharge outlet. The original aquatic habitat will be destroyed in the pollution belt, and the species of the aquatic organism will be decreased, while the number of the tolerance organisms will be increased and the species diversity within the pollution belt will be reduced. However, for the width of the pollution belt will not cover too large area of the river, along with the larger flow of the Huai River, although it will cause RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 164/320
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project some pollution of the local water, there will be no significant impact. Therefore, the collection discharge of the sewage after the closure treatment will have the little impact to the growth of the surrounding fish and aquatic organisms of the pollution discharge outlet.
(2) Eutrophication problem of the water body
Phosphorus, nitrogen and other pollutants in the living sewage are the essential nutrients for the growth of the aquatic plants. When the river flow is quick and the speed is fast, the impact of the nutrient enrichment is little, but when the river flow is slow, the sediment volume of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts will increase accordingly, which may cause the eutrophication problem of the water body.
If not take into the consideration of the removal function of the nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts in this process, or the removal rate is lower, it may result in the eutrophication of local water, such as the surrounding water of the pollution discharge outlet.
(3) Heavy metal
In addition, the influent to the sewage treatment plant contains the industrial sewage, which contains the heavy metals in the sewage, while these pollutants will have a chronic, long-term cumulative impact in some organisms. It will have the enrichment of the heavy metals in the fish, further affect human health with the food chain.
(4) Mitigation Measures
In the sewage treatment process design, we shall consider increasing the removal rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts. At the same time, strengthen the monitoring and management works of the water quality of the surrounding water of the pollution discharge outlet and control the changes of the downstream water quality of the pollution discharge outlet timely.
Sewage treatment plants shall comply with the requirements of CJ3082-1999 “Quality Standard of Wastewater Discharged into Urban Sewer Pipe” and GB18918-2002 “Pollutant Discharge Standard of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant” strictly, strictly control the industrial sewage, especially for the special sewage containing heavy metals and other harmful substances, to ensure the normal operation of the sewage treatment plants and the discharge of the tail water up to the standard.
- ,PSDFWDQDO\VLVRIHQYLURQPHQWDODFFLGHQWDOULVN (1)Environmental risk of non-normal sewage discharge
Based on the analysis of the biological treatment mechanism of the sewage and the practices of the domestic similar sewage treatment plants, the main reasons of untreated sewage overflow of urban sewage treatment plants are as follows:
Because of the quality problems or improper maintenance of the sewage treatment equipments and facilities, it will cause the malfunction of the equipment and facilities,
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further Pb to the decline of the sewage treatment efficiency or even the direct discharge of the untreated sewage.
In case of a power cut of the sewage treatment plant, it will Pb to the direct discharge of the untreated sewage. Both of the above circumstances will have an impact on the water quality of the Huai River.
The possible sudden and non-sudden accidents of the sewage pipe network and sewage treatment system of the sewage treatment works during the normal operation will affect the normal operation of the sewage treatment plants and have a serious impact to the environment. For example: because of the pipeline jam, pipeline rupture and damage of the pipe joints, cause the bulk sewage outflow and the contamination of surface water and groundwater; a large amount of over-standard industrial sewage joins the urban pipe network, thus Pbs to the substantial increase of the influent concentration, then cause the effluent of the sewage treatment plant can not meet the standard; because of the power cut, equipment damage, abnormal operation of the sewage treatment structures, cause a large number of non-efficient treated sewage be discharged into the receiving water body directly, which results in the accidental pollution.
The assumed condition of the risk impact is: the sewage will be discharged into the bypass channel of the Mochong River directly after the Class I treatment, after that, it will be discharged into the Huai River. The COD removal rate of Class I treatment is only 30%, the urban sewage treatment plants collect and treat the distributed sewage, then discharge the sewage into the water body, so if the sewage treatment plants have the accident, it will change the more points pollution to a single point collection pollution, which will increase the pollution impact to the water body. Prediction results are shown in Table 112.
Table 112: Prediction results of accidental discharge water quality of the sewage treatment plant Unit: mg/L C(mg/m3) y 30m 60m 90m 120m 150m 180m 210m 240m 270m 300m x
Downstream 100m of pollution discharge outlet 102.88 77.55 36.57 16.76 12.44 11.98 11.95 11.95 11.95 11.95
Downstream 200m of pollution discharge outlet 74.70 65.21 44.49 26.19 16.33 12.77 11.88 11.73 11.71 11.71
Downstream 500m of pollution discharge outlet 48.46 46.09 39.85 31.81 24.18 18.32 14.57 12.53 11.58 11.20
Downstream 1,000m of pollution discharge outlet 33.83 33.06 30.90 27.74 24.10 20.49 17.30 14.75 12.89 11.63
Downstream 2,000m of pollution discharge outlet 21.84 21.62 20.97 19.96 18.68 17.23 15.72 14.26 12.92 11.75
Downstream 3,000m of pollution discharge outlet 15.72 15.62 15.33 14.87 14.26 13.55 12.77 11.96 11.17 10.42
From the table, we can see that: The COD of the pollution discharge outlet is over the standard seriously during the accidental risk discharge, the COD at downstream 100m is 5.1 times of the Class III standard, the generated impact of accidental discharge is very huge.
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Therefore, the design of the sewage treatment plant shall strictly prevent the occurrences of the risk, need to use the dual power supply and standby pump, meanwhile, the operation must strictly follow the procedures and steps to prevent the accidents. In addition, the environmental management departments shall also take some supervision measures for the sewage treatment plant, so as to promote the management of the sewage treatment plant and ensure the normal operation.
1.1.71.4 Water-environmental impact analysis and prediction of the Longzi Lake desilting projects
- 6WDQGDUGDQDO\VLVRIWUHDWPHQWRIGHVLOWLQJSURMHFWHQJLQHHULQJZDVWHZDWHU The pollutants in the desilting project engineering wastewater mainly come from the containing pollutants in the water body of the construction site and the enrichment of N, P and heavy metal pollutants in the sediment particles, as long as we control the concentration of emissions of the suspended solids in the wastewater, we can effectively control the concentration of the emissions of other pollutants.
According to the research results of the experimental simulation of the silt of the Sea of Grass, the Dianchi River: The pollutant content in the wastewater will decrease along with the increase of the silt sedimentation time, rest for 48h, the concentration of the pollutants in the wastewater can basically meet the Class I standard of the sewage integrated emission standard, but the concentration of the suspended solids might not reach the Class I standard. If the rest time is less than 48h, the concentration of the pollutants in the wastewater will over the Class I standard of the sewage integrated emission standard. According to the design of this project’s stack field, the silt sedimentation time is generally over 48h, but the silt sedimentation time may be shorten at the later period of the construction, which is not less than one hour generally. Then even not treat it, there will still be no heavy metals pollution, but the secondary pollution of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and suspended solids is inevitable. At this time, we can add the chemical treatment to decrease the concentration of the pollutants in the wastewater.
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Table 113: Desilting wastewater composition of silt of the Sea of Grass
(results of experimental simulation)
Experimental NH - pH SS Chromaticity COD TN TP 4 Cu Pb Zn Cd As Condition Mn N
Muddy Rest for 1h 6.0 932 41 26.4 23.3 0.253 17.8 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.019 water at Rest for the 6.0 71 34 7.67 16.9 0.080 12.9 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.006 mouth of 48h the Background Daguan 6.4 86 8 6.74 11.8 0.750 8.91 0.002 0.02 0.039 0.003 0.007 River of the River
Muddy Rest for 1h 6.0 1013 63 65.8 25.2 0.100 21.7 0.11 0.04 0.08 0.01 0.068 water at Rest for the 6.2 83 58 10.6 24.3 0.042 21.4 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.029 mouth of 48h the Background Yunliang 6.4 68 9 7.58 9.75 0.857 7.49 0.008 0.03 0.046 0.006 0.026 river of the River
Class I of integrated 6- 70 50 100 — 0.5 25 1.0 1.0 4.0 0.1 0.5 emission standard 9
- :DWHUHQYLURQPHQWDOLPSDFWSUHGLFWLRQRIWKHVXUIDFHZDWHUGXHWRWKHVWDFNILHOG ZDVWHZDWHUGLVFKDUJH z Prediction Model
The prediction model uses the River advection model of the big River (reservoir) under the no wind state for prediction, the model is recommended by 7HFKQLFDO *XLGHOLQHV IRU (QYLURQPHQWDO,PSDFW$VVHVVPHQW (HJ/T2.1-2.3). The prediction model is as follows:
Φ 2 = − K1 Hr + cr c p exp ch 172800Qp ……………
Of which: r——The distance between the prediction point and the pollution discharge outlet, m;
Cr--Concentration of the pollutants at the prediction point, mg/l;
Qp—Sewage flow, m3/s;
Cp--Concentration of the pollutants in the sewage, mg/l;
H——Average depth of the River reservoir, m;
¶üüMixing angle, arc, take radian at the straight shore;
K1——Degradation coefficient of the pollutants in the River reservoir, 1/d;
Cp--Background concentration of the pollutants in the River reservoir, mg/l; RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 168/320
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project z Determination of parameters
The desilting scope of the Longzi Lake is about 3.449 million m2 of the River bottom of the South River district, according to the analogy investigation, the water content of the silt of the desilting projects is 90%, the water content of the silt of pump inhalation is 95% and the water content of the silt at stack field is 90%.If the high pressure water gun can not recycle the project engineering wastewater, the generated total amount of the project engineering wastewater is about 1.15 million m3, calculate by 8 months to complete the project, the daily water discharge amount is 4792 m3/d.Suppose the high pressure water gun can recycle the project engineering wastewater, take into the full consideration of the construction period and other factors such as evaporation, the determined emissions of project engineering wastewater after the recycling can be decreased by 50%, that is the emissions of project engineering wastewater is about 580,000 m3, calculate by 8 months to complete the project, the daily sewage discharge amount is 2396 m3/d, nearly 0.67 m3/s.
The practice results of desilting project of the Sea of Grass, the Dianchi River show that: Most of the pollutants in the desilting slurry are concentrated in the suspended particles, as long as we can strictly control the emissions of the suspended particles into the receiving water body, most of the pollutants can be trapped in the stack field. The monitoring and test results of the Dianchi River Desilting project show that, the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the different desilting areas and under the different desilting operation conditions is very different accordingly. Now, we convert the test results of the water quality of the wastewater in the different desilting areas and different time uniformly to SS=100mg/L, then the values of T-N, T-P are shown in Table 114.
Table 114: Nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the different desilting areas of the desilting project for the Sea of Grass, the Dianchi River.
Index Monitoring period Stack field 1 Stack field 2 Stack field 3 Stack field 4 T-N First time 6.39 0.855 0.77 1.2 mg/L Second time 8.31 1.76 10.2 1.8 T-P First time 0.845 0.043 0.043 0.071 mg/L Second time 1.21 0.100 0.044 0.099
From the date in the table, we can see that, the two monitoring N and P contents can be different by 10-20 times. For the reasons, besides the differences of the pollutant content in the sediment, the “screen role” to the Sediment of the different desilting operation conditions and the working conditions of the stack fields is also the one of the reasons.
This evaluation conducts the prediction (determine the total nitrogen as per the NH3-N index) of the normal discharge of the wastewater according to the Class I emission standard of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996).During the later period, it may cause the abnormal emissions of the project engineering wastewater because of the short stay time, storm runoff and other factors. In the Dianchi River desilting project, the maximum concentration SS of the wastewater discharge is 380mg/L, TN is 38.76mg/L and TP is 4.60mg/L.The prediction of this environmental evaluation under the abnormal
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project emissions takes the reference of the highest emission concentration of the wastewater of the Dianchi River desilting operation for calculation.
Table 115: Prediction emission concentration of project engineering wastewater Unit: mg/L
Total nitrogen Total phosphorus
Normal emission 15 0.5
Abnormal emission 38.76 4.6 z Prediction Result
Through the calculation of the prediction model, the impact results of the wastewater emission to the water quality of the Longzi Lake are shown in Table 116.
Table 116: Prediction of wastewater pollution contribution to the water quality of Longzi Lake Unit: mg/L TP TN Distance from the outlet Predicted Contributed Predicted Contributed concentration concentration concentration concentration
100 0.70 0.45 14.5 13.06
Normal 200 0.57 0.32 10.0 8.56 emission 400 0.34 0.09 3.02 1.58
500 0.28 0.03 1.89 0.45
600 0.26 0.01 1.54 0.1
800 0.25 0 1.44 0
100 4.37 4.12 35.1 33.66
200 3.21 2.96 23.5 22.06
400 1.04 0.79 5.53 4.09 Abnormal emission 500 0.54 0.29 2.60 1.16
600 0.34 0.09 1.69 0.25
800 0.254 0.04 1.44 0
From the above prediction results, we can come to the following conclusions:
1. Within 400m distance from the outlet of project engineering wastewater, the regional concentration of the pollutants in water is decrease rapidly with the increase of the distance; TN and TP concentrations in the water body are close to the background concentrations at the 600m from the outlet of project engineering wastewater.
2. The impact scope of TP and TN to the water quality of the Longzi Lake is about 600m. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 170/320
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Under the normal wastewater emissions of the stack field, the contribution values of the concentration of TP and TN at the 450m from the outlet of project engineering wastewater are lower than the standard values of Class water quality of (QYLURQPHQWDO 4XDOLW\ 6WDQGDUG IRU 6XUIDFH :DWHU Under the abnormal emissions, when TN is at about 550m from the outlet of project engineering wastewater and TP is at about 800m from the outlet of project engineering wastewater, the both contribution values of the concentration are lower than the relating provisions of Class water quality standard of (QYLURQPHQWDO 4XDOLW\6WDQGDUGIRU6XUIDFH:DWHU 71 71 TN Normal emission TN Accidental discharge
/ / J J P P
(
m
g ( m / L g ) / L ) e n o t n r C c a 0 0 o e t n i n C o c t n r
0 200 400 600 800 1 0 200 400 600 800 a 0 t 5 i
5 P o 5 P n 2 0
1 Radial Distance Radial Distance 0 3 0 1 5 4 73 0 73 2 5
0 TP normal emission TP Accidental discharge 0
/ / J J
P P (
m
g ( m / L g ) / L ) o n C c o 0 e n 0 n C c . t 2 e r n
0 200 400 600 800 a 0 200 400 600 800 1 t t r i o a 5 P 5 P n t i 0 o 2 . n 4 Radial Distance Radial Distance 3
0 . 6 4 0 5 . 8
Figure 29: Prediction results of project engineering wastewater discharge on the water
- /RQJ]L /DNH ZDWHUHQYLURQPHQWDO LPSDFW DQDO\VLV RI VOXUU\ WUDQVSRUWDWLRQ SLSHOLQH DFFLGHQW As the span between the Longzi desilting spot and stack field is larger, so the slurry transportation pipeline of the project is also longer; Because affected by many factors such as the slurry transportation pipeline enduring the uneven pressure, pipeline quality, existing problems during the pipeline construction, it is possible to happen the pipeline rupture or leaking phenomenon which results in the slurry leakage. Once the pipeline is rupture, the slurry will infuse into the River again, which will have a certain degree of the impact to the RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 171/320
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project water quality of the Longzi Lake. We shall inspect the slurry transportation pipelines regularly during the construction period, in order to avoid the pipeline rupture.
- 6HFRQGDU\SROOXWLRQDQDO\VLVRIGHVLOWLQJSURMHFW Sediment desilting is one of the important measures to manage the internal pollution of the River. However, the sediment desilting is a massive man-made interference, the desilting works will promote the emissions of nutrient salts, heavy metals and other pollutants, so as to have some negative impacts to the environmental quality of the water body.
According to the comparative study of the water quality before and after the desilting in the Taihu Lake in :DWHU4XDOLW\5LVN$VVHVVPHQWIRU6HGLPHQW'HVLOWLQJ2SHUDWLRQVLQWKH7DLKX /DNH (compiled by Liu Aiju, Kong Fanxiang, Wang Dong), during the desilting operation period and the short time after the end of desilting, the total suspended solids, toxic metal ions and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts in the water body increase, while the water transparency is lower down. The main reason is the desilting works making the surface sediment to resuspend, thus promoting the release of the nitrogen, phosphorus etc. nutrient salts and the toxic heavy metals in the sediment. Such environmental impact will go on for some time, after 2 months of the end of the desilting project, the contents of the suspended solids, heavy metal pollution levels and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus etc. nutrient salts begin to decrease, which shows that, after the desilting, the suspended solids and absorbed nutrient salts, heavy metals ions in the water body can happen the quickly sedimentation. But compared with the situation before the desilting, the water-environmental quality of the inner River after nine months of the desilting is lower than the level before the desilting. After one year of the desilting, the water quality is increased and all the indicators are lower than the level before the desilting. This indicates the sediment desilting can improve and upgrade the water quality of the River.
- $QDORJ\ DQDO\VLV RI ZDWHUHQYLURQPHQWDO LPSURYHPHQW DIWHU WKH GHVLOWLQJ RI WKH /RQJ]L/DNH The pollution sources for water eutrophication can be divided into the outer sources and the inner sources. The River sediment is an important nutrient reservoir for the River, after the decrease of the influent nutrient salts load or complete interception, the nutrient salts in the sediment will be released gradually and become the dominant factors for the River eutrophication.
At present, the Longzi Lake has completed the closure, Yangtaizi sewage treatment plan is under the construction, which is expected to complete and put into use till the end of 2007.Therefore, the sediment of the Longzi Lake becomes the main factor to impact the water quality of the Longzi Lake. There are more villages around the South River, the living sewage of the villagers has been discharged into the Longzi Lake directly without any treatment, the South River mainly collects the farmland runoff, living sewage of the neighboring residents and the influents from the South mountains, so the eutrophication level of the South River sediment is higher and it is special important to remove the South RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 172/320
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sediment with eutrophication. The South River’s area accounts for nearly 50% of the total area of the Longzi Lake, the desilting for the polluted sediment of the South River is equivalent to remove a huge surface pollution source. Furthermore, it can also increase the storage capacity and the self-purification capacity of the River. The following table is the comparison of the water quality before and after the implementation of the Chaohu River desilting project.
Table 117: Comparison situation of water quality before and after the implementation of the Chaohu River desilting project Unit: mg/L Year Water intake of first water treatment plant Inner River district of Xibakou Project 1998 1999 2000 2000 2001 2002 1998 1999 2000 2000. 2001 2002 TP 0.245 0.263 0.280 0.127 0.103 0.172 0.233 0.280 0.324 0.180 0.139 0.143 TN 4.12 3.72 3.58 2.17 2.21 2.82 4.28 4.65 3.57 2.23 2.14 2.60 CODMn 7.12 6.10 6.80 4.18 3.59 4.21 8.60 8.50 6.32 4.10 4.76 4.93 Chlorophyll a / / 2.25 0.90 0.94 0.57 / / 4.96 0.92 0.95 0.36 (mg/m3) NH3-N 0.381 0.356 0.294 0.153 0.160 0.287 0.450 0.289 0.305 0.160 0.180 0.197 Nitrate 3.60 3.28 3.26 1.92 2.10 2.28 3.80 4.12 3.26 2.15 1.98 2.15 Nitrogen DO 8.40 8.21 8.90 8.20 8.05 8.51 8.30 8.10 8.66 8.32 8.58 8.80 Transparency / 40 31 52 55 80 / 45 30 65 47 80 (cm) Total Hg 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 0.00005 Total arsenic 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004
Form the above table, we can see that, after the implementation of the Chaohu River desilting project in 2000, the total phosphorus content decreases by nearly 50%, total nitrogen content decreases by nearly 35~45%, thus, the desilting works can improve the water quality significantly.
After the implementation of the Chaohu River desilting project, it will control the emissions of the living sewage of the surrounding enterprises and the residents, as well as greatly reduce or completely eliminate the emissions of the outer pollutants. Part of the Southern ponds will be transformed into the artificial wetlands, after the transformation of the ponds; it can reduce or eliminate the bait material dosing and reduce the agricultural non-point source pollution. All of these will improve the water quality and release the eutrophication process of this regional water body at a certain extent.
1.1.72 Environmental impact analysis of ecology and landscape
1.1.72.1 Ecological improvement role of Longzi desilting project
The domestic relating research results show that, the light, transparency and the light compensation depth are the limiting factors for the growth of the submerged plants. After the completion of the desilting works, the water transparency will be improved markedly, the underwater light intensity will increase, which will be beneficial to the growth of the submerged plants and recover the quantity and the diversity of the submerged plants. RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 173/320
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The algae will be changed fastest with the influence of the water quality. Along with the improvement of the water quality, the quantity of the algae will increase and the original dominant species of the microcystin, cryptophyta, anabaena and other tolerance algae will be replaced by the diatoms and the chlorophyceae. This makes the greater changes of the structure and the quantity of the algae.
Affected by the desilting operation, the structure of the benthic animals will be destroyed during the construction period and the species of the benthic animals will reduce, too. With the completion of the project, the water quality will improve and the habitat environment of the benthic animals will be restored gradually. The first present things are chironomid larva, limnodrilus sp. etc., no mollusks in the short term. After the further improvement of the water quality, along with the gradual recover of the large aquatic plants, the quantity of the mollusks will also increase gradually, the number of mollusks will also gradually increase and the macrobenthos may be restored then.
Fish is the higher organisms of the nutrient level in the aquatic ecosystem. The restoration and development of the fish are rest with the water quality and the recovery degree of other aquatic biological organisms with the lower nutrient level. The removal of the contaminated sediment expands the effective area and the place for the fish natural spawning ground. Looking at the short term, the desilting project will not have a greater impact on the species and quantity of the fish. From a long-term perspective, the desilting project can remove the heavy metals and toxic substances in the sediment, then to cut off their access to the food chain and the access for migration and enrichment in the food chain, thus to improve the quality of the fish. In addition, along with the gradual recovery of the phytoplankton and zooplankton, the bait will increase continually, which is beneficial to the growth and the reproduction for the eating fish.
1.1.72.2 Environmental impact analysis of the Longzi Lake slope dressing and restoration of riparian vegetation
The impact of the construction of the Longzi Lake slope dressing project to the ecological environment is shown in the generated soil erosion. Slope dressing is bound to break the existing coastal landforms and disturb the formed coastal ecological environment. Local slope will be cut off and create the new exposed soil; Local slope will be filled, the new filling soil will expose out of the slope surface, which is very easy for the soil erosion. As part of the soil erosion is inevitable, so we must control the construction operation area strictly during the construction process, as well as strengthen the management to minimize the soil erosion.
After the completion of the slope dressing, it will also have the local soil erosion. The generated strength of the soil erosion is closely related with the type of the slope. The main types of the river bank are natural river bank, hard river bank and the ecological river bank. In the Chapter "alternative proposal" of this report, we conduct the selection of the different
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project types of the river bank from the ecological impact, applicable conditions and other aspects, thus to recommend the suitable type of the river bank for this project.
1.1.73 Sound environmental impact analysis
1.1.73.1 Tianhe drainage pump station
During the operation of the Tianhe drainage pump station, the noise mainly comes from the running noise of the pump motor and the air compressor system, wherein the noise source intensity of single pump unit is 75-85dB (A) generally; the main device of the air compressing system in the main pump house is the air compressor, whose noise source intensity is 85-95 dB(A), while the indoor reverberation noise is 90-100dB (A).
There are five axial flow pumps in Tianhe drainage pump station, for the single unit, calculate by five pumps at most at the same time and use the sound source superposition formula to calculate the source intensity.
Superposition formula to calculate several sound sources:
n = 0.1Lpi LP 10 lg( ∑ 10 ) i=1
Of which: LPtotal——Sound pressure level at one sound receptive point, dB(A);
Lpi——Sound pressure level at i sound source to the sound receptive point, dB(A);
n——Total number of the sound sources.
When five pumps running together, the noise source intensity is 92 dB (A), the noise impact of the pumps and the air compressor running will use the point source attenuation formula to predict.
LA(r)= LA(ro)-20lg(r/ro)
Of which: LA(r)——A sound pressure at r point from the sound source, dB(A);
LA(ro)——A sound pressure at ro point from the sound source, dB(A);
r, ro——Distance, m.
Wherein the noise of the main pump house use the noise prediction model: LP = LA 20lgR L,
Of which: LP —Generated sound pressure level of the point sound source at the prediction point;
LA —Sound pressure level at the reference location R;
LüThe caused attenuation by various factors, at the semi-free space of the sound source, L is 8;
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Usually, the sound isolation of the equipment station is 15 25 dB(A), this environmental evaluation predict the attenuation is 20 dB (A).
The prediction results of the pump running noise impact are shown in Table 118.
Table 118: Prediction results of Tianhe drainage pump station’s noise
Influential Influential Background value Superposition value distance(m) value at dB(A) dB(A) Noise Source Intensity 80m from source dB(A) the pump Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime station
Water pump 92 71 224 53.9 54.0 54.0 unit 38.4 36.6 Main pump 80 18 56 41.9 43.5 43.0 house
Class I of Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area: Daytime 55dB(A), Nighttime 45dB(A)
From the prediction results in the table, we can see that: The influential distance of the Tianhe drainage pump station running noise is 224m at nighttime and 71m at daytime; the influential value at 80m from the pump station is 54 dB (A), which meets the daytime sound environmental standard, but exceeding the standard at nighttime.
The main sensitive points of the surrounding environment during the operation of the Tianhe drainage pump station are the Xuying Country at 500m southeast and the Production & living Management Area of Tianhe drainage pump station (located at nearly 80m northeast of the main pump house), which indicates the operation of the Tianhe drainage pump station will not cause the noise impact to the Xuying Country’s environment, but will make some noises to the workers of the living management area during the nighttime. But Tianhe drainage pump station will only be used during the flood season, the noise pollution is a short-term, temporary influence, with the little impact to the employees of the Drainage Pump Station.
1.1.73.2 Longzi Lake drainage pump station
After the completion of the Longzi Lake drainage pump station, the noise mainly comes from the running noise of the pump motor and the air compressor system, wherein the noise source intensity of single pump unit is 75-85dB (A) generally; the main device of the air compressing system in the main pump house is the air compressor, whose noise source intensity is 85-95 dB(A), while the indoor reverberation noise is 90-100dB (A).
There are five water pump units in the Longzi Lake drainage pump station, calculate by five pumps at most at the same time and use the sound source superposition formula to calculate the source intensity.
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n = 0.1Lpi LP 10 lg(∑ 10 ) i=1
Of which: LPtotal——Sound pressure level at one sound receptive point, dB(A);
Lpi——Sound pressure level at i sound source to the sound receptive point, dB(A);
n——Total number of the sound sources.
When five pumps running together, the noise source intensity is 92 dB (A), the noise impact of the pumps and the air compressor running will use the point source attenuation formula to predict:
= − r LA (r) LA (r0 ) 20 log r0
Of which: LA(r)——A sound pressure at r point from the sound source, dB(A);
LA(ro)——A sound pressure at ro point from the sound source, dB(A);
r, ro——Distance, m.
Wherein the noise of the main pump house use the noise prediction model:
= − − ∆ L p LA 20 lg R L
Of which: LP —Generated sound pressure level of the point sound source at the prediction point;
LA —Sound pressure level at the reference location R;
LüThe caused attenuation by various factors, at the semi-free space of the sound source, L is 8;
Usually, the sound isolation of the equipment station is 15 25 dB(A), this environmental evaluation predict the attenuation is 20 dB (A). The prediction results of the pump station running noise impact are shown in the following
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Table 119:
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Table 119: Prediction results of the Longzi Lake drainage pump station’s noise
Influential Influential Background value Superposition value Source intensity distance(m) value at dB(A) dB(A) Noise source 70m from dB(A) the pump Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime station
Water pump 92 71 224 55.1 60.8 55.5 unit 59.4 44.4 Main pump 80 18 56 43.1 59.5 48.0 house
Class I of Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area: Daytime 55dB(A), Nighttime 45dB(A)
From the prediction results in the table, we can see that: If not consider the environmental background noise, the influential distance of the Longzi Lake drainage pump station running noise is 71m at daytime and 224m at nighttime. The influential value of the water pump units to the Xingfu Country is 55.1 dB(A) and the influential value of the main pump house is 43.1 dB (A).Because the background noise of Xingfu Country is higher, so the noise after the superposition of the running noise of the Longzi Lake drainage pump station and its background noise is over the standard.
From the above results, the operation of the pump station will cause the adverse impact to the sound environment of Xingfu Country. However, the pump station will only be used during the flood drainage, so its impact to the surrounding sound environment is short- term. In addition, this project is under the most adverse circumstance of five pumps running at the same time, therefore, in the actual operating circumstances, the influence extent and scope will be less than the prediction results of this report.
1.1.73.3 Noise prediction of Huaishang Binhe Ave.
- 3UHGLFWLRQSDUDPHWHUV The proportional allocation of the road large, medium and small vehicles is 8%, 30% and 62% respectively, while the traffic volume ratio of the daytime to the nighttime is 0.75: 0.25.The road prediction parameters are shown in
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Table 120.
- 3UHGLFWLRQPRGHO Use the road noise prediction model of Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) to predict the road traffic noise.
Divide the road vehicles as the vehicle classification (such as, large, medium and small cars), then calculate the hour equivalent sound pressure of a certain type of vehicle.
+ N πD D 1 a Φ (Ψ ,Ψ ) Leq(h) = (L ) +10lg i 0 +10lg 0 +10lg a 1 2 + ∆S − 30 i 0 Ei π SiT D
Of which:
Leq(h)i--Hour equivalent sound pressure of the i vehicle, dB(A);
--The average radiation sound pressure of the reference energy of the i vehicle, dB(A);
Ni—The traffic flow passing a certain prediction point of the i vehicle within the designated time T (1h);
D0—The distance to the reference position of measuring the radiation sound pressure of the vehicle, D0=15m;
D—The vertical distance from the center lane to the prediction point, m;
Si—Average speed of the i vehicle, km/h;
T—Time for calculation the equivalent sound pressure, 1h; a--Ground cover coefficient, which depends on the ground conditions at the site, a=0 or a=0.5;
a--Correction function on behalf of the section of the road with the limited length, wherein the 1, 2 are the opening angles (rad) at the both ends of the section of the road with the limited length, see attachment B1;
S—Attenuation value which caused by the shelters, dB(A);
Of which:
Ψ 2 Φ (Ψ ,Ψ ) = (cos Ψ) a dΨ a 1 2 ∫Ψ 1 π π − ≤ Ψ ≤ 2 2 The equivalent sound pressure of the mixed traffic flow pattern is obtained by the superposition of the equivalent sound pressures of the various traffic. If divide the traffic flow into the large, medium and small cars, then the equivalent sound pressure of the total traffic flow is:
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= [ 0.1leg ( h )1 0.1leg ( h ) 2 ++ 0.1leg ( h )3 ] Leq (T ) 10 lg 10 10 10
- 3UHGLFWLRQ5HVXOWV Prediction results are shown in
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Table 120.
Within 50m area on both sides of the road, implement Class IV standard of “Standard of environmental noise of urban area” (Daytime 70dB(A)and nighttime 55 dB(A)), from the prediction results, we can see that:
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Table 120: Prediction parameters table of typical sections’ noise
Distance Traffic flow (vehicle/day) to prediction Road Prediction Section position Daytime Nighttime parameter Large Medium Small Large Medium Small period total total (from the car car car car car car center amount amount lane)
20m, 30m, Length:11.909m, 40m, Binhe Width:20~30m, 50m, 2010 Ave. speed: 40km/h, 60m, sloping: 1.5% 70m, 80m
Table 121: Noise prediction table of typical sections with different distances Unit dB (A)
Prediction distance (from the center lane) Section Prediction period 20m 30m 40m 50m 60m 70m 80m
Daytime / 57.7 53 50.9 49.5 48.4 47.6 2010 Nighttime / 52.9 48.2 46.1 44.7 43.6 42.8 Binhe Ave. Daytime 56 50.6 48.2 46.7 45.6 44.6 43.9 2010 Nighttime 51.4 46 43.6 42.1 41 40 39.3
1.1.74 Environmental Impact Analysis of Solid Waste
1.1.74.1 Analysis of disposal way of the Longzi Lake desilting sludge
The project volume of the Longzi Lake desilting is 1.15 million m3, estimate by the loose coefficient of 1.15, there shall be 1.32 million m3 desilting sludge in total. Desilting sludge will be placed at three stack fields on the south shore of the Longzi Lake, after the sludge dry, it will be used for the construction of the coastal vegetation.
Table Table 122 shows the comparison results of the Longzi Lake desilting sludge composition with the Soil Environmental Quality and Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludge from Agricultural Use. From the table, we can see that, the desilting sludge of the South River can meet the Class III standard of the soil and the quality of soil will not harm or pollute the plants and the environment. The sediment can also meet the requirements of RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 183/323
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Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludge from Agricultural Use, thus can be used as the farm soil. So after the sludge dry, it can be used for the ecological landscape construction and will not adversely affect the vegetation.
Table 122: Comparison of the Longzi Lake desilting sludge Unit: mg/kg Index South of the North of the Class III of Soil Control Standards for Longzi Lake Longzi Lake Environmental Quality Pollutants in Sludge from Agricultural Use
Cu 19.02 40.13 400 500
Pb 119.80 104.60 500 1000
Zn 65.58 178.67 500 1000
300 (Dry land) 1000 Cr 186.80 350.33 400 (Paddy field)
40 (Dry land) 75 As 16.40 15.91 30 (Paddy field)
Cd 0.35 0.45 1.0 20
THg 0.04 0.01 1.5 15
As the soil of the stack field will be covered by the desilting sediment, the use patter of the soil will be changed completely. The bottom of the stack field is the clay layer with the poor penetration, the enclosure soil will carry out the anti-seepage treatment by the geomembrane, and therefore the original soil will not be affected. After the completion of the stack field transportation and spread, we will plant trees or create the landscapes according to the actual situation; the surface soil is the desilting sediment, whose soil feature value will be decided by the sediment.
Because the land use pattern has been changed, the original farm or fish ponds will be transformed into the landscape green spaces, not as the agricultural productive land, so it will not cause the harm to the human health.
1.1.74.2 Analysis of disposal way of Xijiagou desilting sludge
Xijiagou desilting project has Baligou and Xijiagou such two desilting rivers, with a total length of 11km. Wherein, upstream river at the south of Yanshan Road, Xijiagou is 6.2km, while the river at the south of Tushan road, Baligou is 4.8km.The excavation along the project is 437,600 m2 in total and the fill is 170,000 m2. Of which, the excavation of Xijiagou project is 375,100 m2 and the excavation of Baligou project is 52,500 m2. Baligou project includes the flood control construction, it shall fill up the beach land to 23.5m of the designed height, thus the fill is about 170,000 m2.
The generated sludge of Xijiagou desilting river will be placed nearby. Wherein, the sludge since Yanshan Road to the Southern wall of Naval Academy will be abandoned at the RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 184/323
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project eastern coast and the rest will be placed on both sides of the ditch. The designed height of the mounded soil is 2.0m, the slope is 1:3, the width of the mounded soil will depend on the soil amount of the section, leave the beach land with 10m width between the mounded soil and the mouth of the ditch. The sludge of Baligou project will be placed nearby and used as the fill for flood control project.
- (QYLURQPHQWDOLPSDFWDQDO\VLVRIVOXGJHGLVSRVDO Some houses of the surrounding residents are close to the river at the Yinhe Bridge, Yanshan Road, Xijiagou, therefore the desilting project will have some impact on the residents living nearby. The water content of the desilting sludge is high, if placed at the shore, it will have the leachate, especially on the rainy days, the leachate may be washed into the river, thus affect the water quality of the water body. If the muddy water is washed into the urban roads, it will also affect the sanitation of the surrounding roads. The placed sludge at the shore, after the dry, the sludge is apt to generate the dusts through the vehicles driving. Because of the numerous emissions of the living sewage and industrial wastewater in the river, as well as the piled living garbage, the stack field for desilting sludge will have the foul smell, especially in the summer, which mainly dues to the rot of the living garbage.
- $QDO\VLVRIWKHVOXGJHGLVSRVDOPHWKRG The desilting sludge shall be internal used of this project, to keep the earthwork balance, so as to reduce the volume of sludge dump and outer transportation, further to mitigate the adverse environmental impact of the desilting sludge.
The residents and the enterprises at the both shores of Xijiagou set the pollution discharge outlet privately, the living sewage was discharged into the river without any treatment, as well as the piled garbage along the both shores, which seriously affect the surrounding environment of Xijiagou. At present, there is serious sediment in the river, the surface sludge has the higher nutrient content which affected by the discharge of the surrounding production wastewater, living sewage and the dump of the living garbage. Compared with the background values of Anhui Province, the Hg content in the sediment of Xijiagou and Baligou is 2.2~2.9 times of the soil background value of Anhui Province, which mainly because of the discharge of the production wastewater, if the disposal is not proper, then it may cause the ecological harm to the local aquatic ecosystem.
- 6OXGJH'XPSLQJ According to the monitoring results of Baligou and Xijiagou sediment, the monitoring sediment meets the requirements of Class III of Soil Environmental Quality (GB15618- 1995), which can be heaped up nearby, after the drying, we can plant trees above them. However, in order to avoid the heavy metal materials affecting local groundwater environment during the place of the sediments, we shall place the anti-seepage membrane below the stack field before the place of the sludge. As the surface sediment contains
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project higher organic matters, the foul smell impact is more obvious. If want to heap up the sludge along the shore, we shall take effective measures to control foul smell pollution. z Used as farmland and forest land
Table 122 compares the monitoring sediment of Baligou and Xijiagou with the Class III standard of Soil Environmental Quality (GB15618-1995) and Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludge from Agricultural Use (GB4284-84).From the table, we can see that, the monitoring sediment of Baligou and Xijiagou both meet the requirements of Class III standard of "Soil Environmental Quality" (GB15618-1995) and Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludge from Agricultural Use (GB4284-84), which shows that the desilting sludge is up to the requirement of protecting the production of farming & forestry and the normal growth of plants, as well as no harm or pollution to the plants and the environment basically. From the monitoring results of Baligou and Xijiagou sediment, we found that the organic matter content of the two rivers is relatively high with better soil fertility. Therefore, the project may consider placing the desilting sludge along the spot and using the sludge as the farmland, forest land and fill. The environmental evaluation suggests using the generated sludge of Baligou desilting as the soil for green belt along Baligou.
Table 123: Comparison of Baligou, Xijiagou sediment with the standard Unit: mg/kg Organic Total Total Monitoring point Arsenic Pb Hg Chromium matter (%) phosphorus nitrogen
1# (Baligou) 2.04 10.36 35.5 0.064 34.6 1.88 75.111
2# (Xijiagou) 7.01 13.06 42.5 0.085 60.4 3.22 59.796
30 400 (Paddy (GB15618-1995) (Paddy field) field) Class III — 500 1.5 — — 300 (Dry standard 40 (Dry land ) land )
GB4284-84 — 75 1000 15 1000 — — z Used as fill
The flood control project of Baligou needs the fill for about 170,000 m2. Xijiagou desilting will generate the excavation of nearly 375,000 m2, we can consider using the better sludge at the lower as the fill for flood control project of Baligou. But before using the Xijiagou desilting sludge as the fill for flood control project of Baligou, we shall inspect the soil quality, to ensure the soil quality meet the requirement of the project. z Transport to refuse landfill
As some districts of Xijiagou, the surface has the mixture of the living garbage and construction wastes, so it can not be used as the fill or agricultural soil. Moreover, the surface sediment has higher organic matter content, which will have a more obvious foul RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 186/323
Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project smell, therefore it is unsuitable to place along the shore and need to transport to the refuse landfill for sanitary landfill.
The Sanitary Landfill of Bengbu City located in the southern slope of Laoshaoxi, that is 1.5km northeast of the east of Lilou country, with a distance of 13km from the City’s center. Its engineering design scale is 800t / d, with the total capacity of 4 million m3. The Sanitary Landfill uses the new technology of "quasi-aerobic landfill", that is after the transportation of the garbage, it will conduct the earth covering and rolling. Till the landfill to the designed height, it will conduct the medium-term covering and closure. We shall plant the grass or shallow-rooted plants on the final coverage soil. The garbage leachate uses the anaerobic lagoon treatment process. After the anaerobic lagoon treatment and the leachate achieved the Class III standard of 6WDQGDUG IRU 3ROOXWLRQ &RQWURO RQ WKH /DQGILOO 6LWH IRU 'RPHVWLF :DVWH (GB16889-1997), transport it to the First Sewage treatment plant of Bengbu City for centralized treatment.
The Sanitary Landfill of Bengbu City was completed at the end of September, 2004, with the service life of 16 years. According to the disposal scale of the refuse landfill, it can receive part of the generated desilting sludge which contains the living garbage and the construction wastes.
To avoid generate the leachate during the transportation of the desilting sludge to sanitary landfill, and have the adverse environmental impact along the way, the desilting sludge shall be natural dried before the transportation to the landfill.
- &RQFOXVLRQ Summarizing the above analysis, as the surface sludge of Xijiagou is affected greatly by the discharge of the living garbage, construction wastes and living sewage, this report recommend that, the surface sludge of Xijiagou which doped with the living garbage and construction wastes is not suitable for place on spot or reuse, which shall be sent to the Sanitary landfill for sanitary landfill. Lower soil is better, the desilting soil which meets the requirements of the fill can be used as the fill for flood control project of Baligou. The remaining part can be placed at both sides of the ditch, we shall place the anti-seepage membrane below the stack field before the place of the sludge, after the completion of the deposition, plant the vegetation to reduce soil erosion on the above of the desilting yard.
1.1.74.3 Analysis of sludge disposal of Mohekou sewage treatment plant
The main solid wastes of sewage treatment plant are composed of grille residual, grit chamber sediment, dewatering sludge and the living garbage of the workers, under certain temperature and humidity, especially in the hot weather, these substances are apt to decay and stink by the microbial function, wherein the dewatering sludge has the largest impact on the surrounding environment, whose main characteristics are:
High water content ( 80 ),easy to lose;
Fine particles and poor water permeability; RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 187/323
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Easy to become a breeding ground for mosquitoes and thus become the spread source of the diseases;
Easy to generate the leachate, once the water pollutants enter into the water body, they will pollute the surface water and groundwater.
The generated volume of the solid wastes of the proposed project during the operation period is shown in Table 124.
Table 124: Emissions of main solid wastes of sewage treatment plant
Name of project Type of solid waste Discharge amount Water content
Grille residual 1.8m3/d 85 90
Grit chamber sediment 0.9m3/d 60 Sewage treatment plant Residual sludge 14.3m3/d 75
Living garbage 30kg/d —
1. Environmental impact of the sludge dewatering
Generally, it need to concentrate before the sludge dewatering, the concentrated tank often emit the foul smell, especially in the hot summer, there is often floating sludge on the pool surface, which is very easy to breed the mosquitoes.
After the concentration, during the sludge dewatering, the dewatering room will emit the foul smell; if there is any leakage during the operation of the sludge dewatering, it will cause the environmental pollution.
2. Environmental impact of the sludge dump process
The dewatering sludge shall be clean and transported in time, for the sludge which can not be timely removal, it shall have the temporary storage place. The dewatering sludge will form the muddy when meet with the water, with the good mobility and easy to lose; by the rainwater washing, the leachate will contain lots of pollutants to pollute the ground surface and groundwater bodies. Therefore, the dewatering sludge can not be placed at ease, we shall set up the temporary stack field after the special treatment and have the anti-seepage layer, as well as adding the awning; In addition, the dewatering sludge is not completely stable, so the long-term storage of the sludge will have the anaerobic digestion. The generated stench of H2S and other materials will affect the air quality; the dump place of dewatering sludge is also a breeding ground for mosquitoes, which have the adverse impact to the sanitation. Given the above reasons, the dewatering sludge shall be timely removed, avoid piling up in the factory.
3. Environmental impact of the sludge transportation
Despite the sludge has been treated within the factory at varying degree, but the sludge still have some harmful pollutants. The sludge of the sewage treatment plants of this
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project project just through the concentration and dewatering treatments, which can not achieve the requirements of stable and harmless, the sludge contains large amounts of the corruptive organic matters and other pathogenic microbes, such as Escherichia coli, eggs of ascarid. Therefore, the environmental problems during the transportation of sludge are very important.
Currently, the main transportation of sludge is the vehicle-transporting. If the vehicle body and the wheels contaminated by the sludge during the loading and unloading process, or the closeness function of the vehicle don’t work, then the vehicle will leak the sludge around the sewage treatment plant or along the road, which will create the pollution to the road. The transport mode of the sludge shall stop the phenomenon of cross-flow of muddy water and the foul smell. Sewage treatment plant shall use the closed special vehicles, which can prevent the leakage of water, the leakage of soil and its disturbance. Meanwhile, the sludge transportation time shall be strictly controlled, avoid the peak traffic times as far as possible. In short, the transportation of sludge is a problem that can not be ignored, it must be taken seriously.
4. Disposal method of the sewage treatment plant’s sludge
The sludge is a product during the sewage treatment process, it is an important component of the sewage treatment, the aim of the sludge treatment it to reduce the water content of the sludge and sludge volume, so as to achieve a stable state, and create the conditions for further disposal and comprehensive utilization, the general process is "concentration- dewatering -disposal" or "concentration –digestion –dewatering -disposal."
According to the feasibility study of the project, due to the sewage treatment process of this project uses the biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process, the sludge age is longer, the sludge state is more stable, can not carry out the nitrification treatment, but if use the nitrification treatment, we shall increase a series of structures and equipments of the digestion pool, heating, mixing and marsh gas handling etc., at the same time, it need to increase the investment, for the land area of the sewage treatment plant in the park is limited, so it can not construct the nitrification treatment system for the sludge.
According to the analogy information, the sludge component of the sewage treatment plant has some relationship with the water quality of the treated sewage. For the sewage treatment plant which mainly treats the industrial wastewaters, the components of its residual sludge will have higher content of the heavy metals, which is far beyond the standard of agricultural sludge; therefore, this environmental evaluation recommends not to use the sludge as the farmland fertilizer, but to conduct the safe landfill disposal.
5. Disposal of the grille residual and sediment
The grille residual and grit chamber sediment are both the garbage of the sewage treatment plant, must be collected, stored and transported properly. Recommend to be transported to the refuse landfill together with the living garbage. The specific storage, packaging and transportation etc. must be in accordance with the relating provisions
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project strictly. Although its generated volume is not big, but if ignore it, it will cause harm to the environment. The light waste plastic bags and other packaging will wind waft around the sewage treatment plant; the sediment or the floating sediment must be removed timely, otherwise they will stink, decay and breed the mosquitoes.
6. Environmental impact of disposal of living garbage
The proposed sewage treatment plant will generate less living garbage, it can be cleaned and transported along with the grille residual and grit chamber sediment, no need to treat alone. But the clean and transport must be timely, otherwise, the long-term storage will make the garbage dump become the breeding grounds for mosquitoes, which also have the adverse impact to the plant sanitation. The clean and transport process shall also be in line with the health and safety procedures strictly, avoid spill and disturbance along the road, thus cause the pollution on the environment.
7. Summary of refuse landfill
The Sanitary Landfill of Bengbu City located in the southern slope of Laoshaoxi, that is 1.5km northeast of the east of Lilou country, with a distance of 13km from the City’s center. Its engineering design scale is 800t / d, with the total capacity of 4 million m3. The Sanitary Landfill uses the new technology of "quasi-aerobic landfill", that is after the transportation of the garbage, it will conduct the earth covering and rolling. Till the landfill to the designed height, it will conduct the medium-term covering and closure. We shall plant the grass or shallow-rooted plants on the final coverage soil. The garbage leachate uses the anaerobic lagoon treatment process. After the anaerobic lagoon treatment and the leachate met the standard of “Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste” (GB16889-1997), transport it to the First Sewage treatment plant of Bengbu City for centralized treatment.
The Sanitary Landfill of Bengbu City was completed at the end of September, 2004, with the service life of 16 years. According to the disposal scale of the refuse landfill, it can receive the generated desilting sludge of this project.
1.1.75 Atmospheric Environmental Impact Analysis
1.1.75.1 Project of sewage treatment plant
- 0HWHRURORJLFDOFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRISROOXWLRQ (1) Temperature, wind direction and wind speed
The evaluated district locates in the transition zone of the subtropical zone and warm temperate zone, with the four distinct seasons and a mild climate, the average annual temperature is 15.6 ; The statistical results of the meteorological information in the recent five years show that, the yearly dominant wind direction of Bengbu City is east-northeast (ENE), with the frequency of 11%, the secondly dominant wind direction is northeast (NE)
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project and east (E), with the frequency of 8%.Due to the impact of the seasonal weather, the wind direction and frequency present the different characteristics during the different season; the average annual wind speed is 2.73m/s, for the average wind speed in each season, the wind speed in Spring is the maximum, while in Autumn is the minimum. The yearly and seasonal average temperature and wind speed are shown in Table 125, the statistical results of annual wind direction are shown in Table 126, the annual wind direction rose diagram is shown in Figure 30.
Table 125: Statistical table of seasonal and yearly average temperature and wind speed of Bengbu City
Season Winter Spring Summer Autumn Whole year
Average temperature 1.31 15.6 28.2 16.7 15.6 ( )
Average wind speed 2.76 2.61 2.57 2.69 2.73 (m/s)
Table 126: Statistical results of wind direction and frequency in each month of the year
Month Whole 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Wind year direction
N 3 4 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 3 4 3 3
NNE 5 7 7 5 4 4 4 9 7 5 7 6 5
NE 7 10 10 7 7 4 6 8 10 9 6 8 8
ENE 10 11 15 14 13 9 10 17 12 13 10 8 11
E 6 8 7 5 5 6 5 6 6 6 5 4 8
ESE 5 6 6 7 8 9 7 6 6 6 3 2 7
SE 3 5 4 4 7 6 5 3 4 4 2 2 5
SSE 3 5 6 9 7 13 9 4 5 5 4 5 6
S 3 4 3 7 3 5 8 3 4 4 3 4 4
SSW 6 6 5 9 5 8 8 3 3 3 6 5 6
SW 6 4 3 5 3 4 3 2 2 2 4 2 5
WSW 5 3 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 3 3
W 5 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 4 3
WNW 6 4 3 4 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 7 4
NW 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 3
NNW 4 3 4 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 5 4 3
C 18 15 18 15 25 24 25 26 30 30 32 29 18 RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 191/323
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N NNW NNE NW NE
WN W ENE
W E
WS W ESE
SW SE SSW SSE S 8-5-1
Figure 30: Annual wind direction rose diagram of Bengbu City (2) Atmospheric stability Using the classification of the Pasquill stability speculated in the Appendix D of GB/T13201-91 to classify the atmospheric stability of Bengbu City, it can divided into A, B, C, D, E, F six Classes since the strong instability to stability. Statistics results show that, the frequency of the neutral stable Class D is the highest; accounting for 54.0%, which followed by a more stable Class E, accounting for 16.6%, the stable Class F accounts for 16.1%, the distribution frequency for each class of stability is shown in
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Table 127.
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Table 127: Statistical table of distribution frequency of Atmospheric stability
Stability Frequency % A B C D E F Time
Spring 0.2 3.2 6.9 48.4 19.1 22.2
Summer 0.3 2.8 8.5 58.3 14.4 15.7
Autumn 0.5 3.0 8.2 58.7 17.3 12.3
Winter 2.6 9.2 8.2 50.5 15.5 14.2
Whole year 0.9 4.6 7.9 54.0 16.1 16.1
(3)Rainfall
The regional average rainfall information of many years is shown in Table 128.
Table 128: Rainfall Characteristics Table
Whole Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 year
Average rainfall of many 26.5 32.5 60.7 62.7 74.8 106.4 206.3 154.3 86.9 37.9 40.4 22.0 911.4 years (mm)
- (QYLURQPHQWDOLPSDFWDVVHVVPHQWRIRGRUSROOXWDQWV (1)Prediction of factory boundary concentration
z Prediction Model
The exhaust pollution of this project is mainly the unorganized emission of the odor pollutants such as H2S and NH3, the area of the emission source is less than 1km2.According to the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment - Atmospheric Environment (HJ/T2.293),the diffusion model of the downwind surface pollutants adopts the area source diffusion model, that is taking the emissions of the area source as the point source which located its geometric center, after the appropriate amendments of the diffusion parameters, then uses the point source model to calculate directly, thus to present the emissions of the area source approximately.
The diffusion formula of the point source module is as follows:
Q y2 c(x, y) = exp− • F π σ σ σ 2 2 u y z 2 y
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k ()2nh − H − z 2 ()2nh + H − z 2 F = ∑ exp− e + exp− e σ 2 σ 2 n=−k 2 z 2 z
Of which: C(x,y) Ground concentration of pollutants, mg/Nm3;
Q Emissions at unit time, mg/s;
X Downwind horizontal distance from the exhaust chimney, m;
Y Vertical distance from this point to the horizontal surface of the average wind direction through this source point, m;
U Average wind speed of source height, m/s;
He Effective source height, m;
h Height of the mixed layer;
n Reflection times (Generally n=4);
³yüHorizontal diffusion parameter, m;
³yüVertical diffusion parameter, m;
Amend the y and z respectively by the area source model:
a σ = γ X a1 + y y 1 4.3
σ = γ a2 + H z 2 X 2.15
Of which: X The distance since the receiving point to the center of the area source;
The length of the area source at y direction;
Average emission height of the area source. z Model parameters selection
The diffusion parameters, height of the mixed layer adopts the recommended values of “Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment - Atmospheric Environment” (HJ/T2.2-93). z Prediction contents
Average wind speed, hour concentration values of the downwind pollutants with the different stabilities. z Prediction results and impact assessment
Average wind speed, hour concentration prediction results of the downwind H2S and NH3 with the different stabilities are shown in Table 129 and Table 130.
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Table 129: Average wind speed, hour concentration prediction results of the downwind H2S with the different stabilities (mg/Nm3) Name of pollution source Distance (m) A B C D E F
0 0.0020 0.0021 0.0018 0.0018 0.0015 0.0018
20 0.0041 0.0044 0.0041 0.0038 0.0034 0.0039
40 0.0055 0.0058 0.0085 0.0114 0.0124 0.0041
60 0.0036 0.0038 0.0062 0.0094 0.0110 0.0024
80 0.0025 0.0027 0.0047 0.0077 0.0096 0.0016
100 0.0019 0.0020 0.0037 0.0065 0.0084 0.0011
120 0.0015 0.0015 0.0030 0.0055 0.0073 0.0008
140 0.0011 0.0012 0.0024 0.0047 0.0065 0.0006 Sewage treatment plant 160 0.0009 0.0010 0.0020 0.0041 0.0058 0.0005
180 0.0008 0.0008 0.0017 0.0036 0.0052 0.0004
200 0.0007 0.0007 0.0015 0.0032 0.0046 0.0004
220 0.0006 0.0006 0.0013 0.0028 0.0042 0.0003
240 0.0005 0.0006 0.0011 0.0025 0.0039 0.0002
260 0.0004 0.0005 0.0010 0.0023 0.0035 0.0002
280 0.0004 0.0004 0.0009 0.0021 0.0032 0.0002
300 0.0004 0.0004 0.0008 0.0019 0.0030 0.0001
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Table 130: Average wind speed, hour concentration prediction results of the downwind NH3 with the different stabilities
Name of pollution source Distance (m) A B C D E F
0 0.0096 0.0105 0.0111 0.0098 0.0091 0.0083
20 0.0209 0.0218 0.0231 0.0217 0.0200 0.0179
40 0.0215 0.0290 0.0307 0.0452 0.0603 0.0658
60 0.0128 0.0190 0.0201 0.0329 0.0496 0.0582
80 0.0084 0.0134 0.0142 0.0248 0.0408 0.0507
100 0.0059 0.0099 0.0105 0.0194 0.0340 0.0442
120 0.0044 0.0077 0.0082 0.0155 0.0288 0.0388
140 0.0034 0.0061 0.0065 0.0128 0.0248 0.0343 Sewage treatment plant 160 0.0027 0.0050 0.0053 0.0107 0.0215 0.0306
180 0.0022 0.0041 0.0044 0.0091 0.0188 0.0274
200 0.0018 0.0035 0.0037 0.0079 0.0167 0.0248
220 0.0015 0.0030 0.0032 0.0068 0.0149 0.0224
240 0.0013 0.0027 0.0028 0.0060 0.0134 0.0205
260 0.0011 0.0023 0.0025 0.0053 0.0121 0.0188
280 0.0010 0.0020 0.0022 0.0048 0.0110 0.0173
300 0.0008 0.0018 0.0020 0.0043 0.0101 0.0160
From the above tables, we can see that: the maximum value of H2S of sewage treatment plant is 0.0041mg/Nm3, the maximum value of NH3 of sewage treatment plant is 0.0658mg/Nm3, which appear at the edge of the processing modules of the sewage treatment plant (40m, area source takes 60×60m2); the hour concentration of H2S and NH3 at factory boundary are both in line with the threshold requirements of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002)(The concentration of H2S<0.06mg/Nm3, the concentration of NH3<0.06mg/Nm3).
- &DOFXODWLRQRIVDQLWDWLRQSURWHFWLRQGLVWDQFH Prediction model of sanitation protection distance
According to the speculated control method of sanitation protection distance of Technical Methods for Making Local Emission Standards of Air Pollutants (GB/T13201-91), calculate the sanitation protection distance of odor of sewage treatment plant.
The sanitation protection distance of all industries and enterprises shall be calculated by the following formula:
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Q 1 c = (BLc + 0.25γ 2 )0.50 LD Cm A
Of which: QC Control level of unorganized harmful gas emissions of the industrial enterprises, kg/h;
Cm Standard concentration limits, mg/Nm3;
L Then needed sanitation protection distance of industrial enterprises, m;
¤ Equivalent radius of emission source at the production unit, calculate it based on the covering area of the production unit S(m2), ¤=(S/±)0.5;
A, B, C, D Calculating parameters of sanitation protection distance
Parameters selection and calculating results
Determination of unorganized emission source intensity: unorganized emission source intensity of sewage treatment plant, H2S:0.0227kg/h, NH3:0.12kg / h.
Standard concentration limits: Hygienic standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises (TJ36-79)stipulates the one time maximum allowable concentration limits of the residential area: the one time maximum allowable concentration limit of NH3 is 0.20mg/Nm3, while the one time maximum allowable concentration limit of H2S is 0.01mg/Nm3.
Area of unorganized emission source: 3600 m2.
Calculate the parameters of A, B, C, D: According to GB/T13201-91, select A as 400, B as 0.01, C as 1.85 and D as 0.78.
Based on the calculation, the sanitation protection distance of sewage treatment plant is shown in Table 131.
Table 131: Calculating results of sanitation protection distance of sewage treatment plant
Impact factor Sanitation protection distance (m)
H2S 155
NH3 44
Around the sewage treatment plant is the open space, within the distance of 200m, there is no environmental protection target. But at the south of sewage treatment plant is the Bang- Ning highway, although the distance between the sewage treatment plant and the buildings emitting the orders meet the requirements of ”Quality Standard for Construction of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Engineering”, but in order to reduce the impact, we shall construct the green protective buffer belt around the plant (the width is better to be10m, for the green protective buffer belt at the south of the factory boundary shall be appropriately widened and densified), and we shall plant the flowers and trees within the factory to block the diffusion passes of odor pollutants. In addition, the sewage treatment plant should adjust the layout of the factory appropriately, place the buildings which RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 198/324
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7. Mitigation Measures
7.1. Mitigation Measures during Construction Period
1.1.76 Mitigation Measures against Air Pollution
The air pollutants of this project produced during the construction period mainly include odor, flying dust and exhaust gas from machinery and vehicles.
- Mitigation Measures against Odor
The following mitigation measures will be taken during the construction period against the odor from the desilting projects and the possible improper disposal of solid waste;
1) The desilting projects are to be implemented by phase in the dry season after the completion of wastewater interception project on along the river banks, and the summer will be avoided for the project implementation;
2) The sediment and garbage from desilting should be transported outwards for proper disposal as soon as possible, and it is not allowed to dump the silt at the environmentally sensitive points within 30cm around the project site;
3) The hermetically sealed tank car should be used for the transportation to prevent the possible impacts on the nearby residents. The silt and garbage unable to be transported immediately should be packed in straw bags for storage;
4) More attention should be paid to the personal protection of construction workers, inspection and the preparation of first-aid measures.
- Mitigation Measures against Flying Dust
1) To prevent the flying dust during transportation, the management should be strengthened during the construction by the following measures: 9 Load & unload the construction materials with care; 9 Install the wheel cleaning equipments at the exits of the construction site; 9 Appoint someone responsible for cleaning the wheels and the site entry & exit; 9 Strictly prohibit to drive on road if the wheels are with clay; 9 The vehicles easy to generate flying dust, such as the trunks carrying lime, sand & gravel, cement and pulverized fuel ash (PFA), should be covered with paulin; 9 The vehicles should not be overloaded to prevent scattering and losing during transportation;
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9 The driving routes and timing should be well planned to avoid the sensitive areas, such as the populated area, the transportation centre and the residential area; 9 The road should be immediately cleaned if the mud is scattered on the road during transportation; 9 For the road section with high environmental requirements, the transportation should be done at night according to the actual conditions;
2) To prevent the flying dust in the construction sites, frequent water sprinkling and cleaning are the very effective measures. It is shown by relevant survey that about 60% of the flying dust at the construction site comes from the transportation vehicles. Generally, 4-5 times of water sprinkling per day could reduce the scope impacted by the flying dust from 100m to 20-50m. And If water is sprinkled after the cleaning work, the dust control efficiency can reach over 90 . Therefore, the following measures should be taken at the construction sites: 9 Ground treatment: Harden the ground of the construction site. Use the concrete ground if possible; 9 Material handling and storage: Prepare special warehouse for the construction materials like cement. Keep the material packages intact as far as possible during the transportation, loading and unloading process, and clean the scattered cement in time; 9 Water sprinkling and site cleaning: The special person should be appointed for the water sprinkling and site cleaning work (at least twice per day). One sprinkler is required for the construction site of each sub-project. When the construction site is near the environmentally sensitive points, the sprinkling frequency and intensity should be increased; 9 Cement mixing: The plant-mixed cement and close transportation vehicles should be used for the construction, especially for the sites with many environmental sensitive points. As for the temporary and small-scale cement mixing sites, their location should be far away from the residential area as far as possible; 9 Solid waste dumping: Do not open dump the lime and sandy soil as far as possible. Timely transport the spoil and construction waste to the disposal site designated by the municipal administrative departments; Use the dump sites far away from the water bodies with the established water sprinkling and cleaning system to increase the surface water content. Strengthen the management of earth fill dump sites by surface compacting, periodical water sprinkling and coverage; 9 Vegetation rehabilitation: The vegetation should be immediately rehabilitated after the temporary land use to prevent soil erosion; 9 For the urban sewage network projects and the wastewater interceptor: Set up the shield around the construction site if there is any environmentally sensitive target within 200m, such as the Wuhe project; RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 201/324
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9 For the desilting projects: The desilted sediment should be compacted in time when being dumped along the banks for drying. And the vegetation should be rehabilitated to prevent the secondary flying dust pollution from dried-up silt. The garbage from desilting should be timely transported to the landfill site to minimize the storage time on the site; and during the transportation, the garbage should be covered to prevent from falling all the way. For the desilting projects in Huaiyuan, the desilted sediment should be used for the embankment and vegetation rehabilitation as far as possible.
- Vehicle Exhaust Gas
1) Reducing the air pollutants in the vehicle exhaust gas is the fundamental way to alleviate the air pollution. The detailed measures may include: use qualified lead- free gasoline for the transportation vehicles and construction machinery, but forbid to use inferior oil; Strengthen the daily maintenance and regular inspection of the fuel-burning machinery and equipments; Operate the engines only when they are in good conditions; at the same time, the tail gas emission purifier should be installed to meet the emission standard;
2) Reinforce the transport management by the spot check on the exhaust gas emission certificate and the prohibition of the vehicles exceeding the exhaust gas emission standard from driving on road;
3) Strengthen the management of the green belts for the both sides of the streets by planting arbor, frutex and the lawn to absorb the pollutants in the exhaust gas, control the diffusion of the exhaust gas into the ambient environment;
4) Others: During the construction, the abandoned construction material is forbidden to be reused as fuel; the canteens for the construction sites should use Liquefied Petroleum Gas or Electric Cookers, instead of Oil Cookers.
1.1.77 Mitigation Measures against Noise Pollution
According to the analysis of noise impacts during construction, the construction noise is inevitable, which will have great impacts on the ambient environment. Since there are sensitive points for all the sub-project construction sites, during the specific construction process, the “Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Pollution” and the local regulations on the prevention and control of noise pollution should be strictly followed by the following measures:
- Reasonable Arrangement of Construction Time
1) Develop the scientific construction plan to avoid the operation of high-noise equipments at the same time; in addition, the high-noise equipments should be operated in the daytime as far as possible. For the areas with environmentally sensitive
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points within 100m away from the construction sites, it is prohibited to operate the equipments with high noise and vibration at noon or at night;
2) When the construction activities is near the school or hospital, a scientific construction schedule should be developed to minimize the impacts of high-noise equipments by consulting the school or hospital about the operation time of the high-noise equipments or try to arrange the operation at weekend or when there is no class.
- Reasonable Layout of Construction Site
1) Reduce the construction noise: Keep the high noise operation area far away from the acoustically sensitive points. The temporary sound proof enclosing structure is required for the specific construction sites with serious noise impacts. It could be also considered to build the temporary worker barrack to the side near the sensitive points to replace the function of sound insulation wall. The civil works should try to arrange several sets of equipments to operate at the same time in order to shorten the impact duration. And the fixed vibrated sources in the construction site should be centralized to reduce the impacted scope by the vibration;
2) Reduce the traffic noise: The entry and exit for the transportation vehicles in the construction site should be far away from the residential area. Minimize the night transportation volume, and limit the speed of large trucks and their speed when passing the residential area. Ensure the regular maintenance of the transportation vehicles, reduce or prohibit the horn blowing, and rationalize the transportation routes.
- Reduction of Equipment Noise Level
1) Select the low noise equipments or the equipments with sound insulation and noise elimination equipments as far as possible, such as hydraulic machinery instead of fuel burning machinery, use high-frequency vibrator, etc;
2) Reduce the noise of the fixed mechanical equipments, excavator and earthmoving equipments, such as bulldozer, by installing noise silencer for the exhaust pipe and separating the vibrating parts of the engine;
3) The noise level of the mechanical equipments will increase with the vibration of loosing parts or the damage of silencer, therefore, the inspection and maintenance should be strengthened for the mechanical equipments. The integral equipments should be firmly mounted with good ground contact. Vibration-absorbing base should be used to reduce the noise if possible;
4) The unused equipments should be closed immediately, and the vehicles entering the site should slow down and reduce the horn blowing;
5) Some components, such as bridges and water storage gates, should be prefabricated in the suitable sites before being transported to the construction site for field assembly.
- Reduction of Man-made Noise
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1) The regulations should be followed during machinery operation and disassembling works;
2) Don’t use whistle and bell to conduct the operation as far as possible, but use the modernized equipments.
- Establishment of Temporary Sound Barrier
1) The fixed machineries should be operated in the operation room as far as possible. If not, the single-side sound barrier should be established within 30m away from the sensitive points;
2) Establish good relationship with surrounding units and residents, inform than in advance about the interruptive construction activities, and timely report them the construction progress and the measures taken against noise impacts in order to get their understanding; According to the “Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution”, if the noise is still beyond the regulated limits even with the mitigation measures, the construction unit should apologize to the impacted organizations or individuals with appropriate compensation;
3) Take the personal protection measures, mainly the personal noise-protective equipments. The construction workers operating the high-noise equipments should be equipped with the noise protective apparatus such as earplug, earphone and noise- protective helmet;
4) Complaint hotline should be established during construction to listen to and actively response to the residents’ complaints on the noise disturbance.
1.1.78 Mitigation Measures against Solid Waste Pollution
- Desilted Sludge from Desilting Projects
The proposed BIEIP covers many desilting projects. There will be large amounts of desilted sludge generated with the project construction. For the disposal of the sludge, the following principles will be followed to minimize the possible environmental impacts:
1) The sludge should be sampled and analyzed at the points selected according to the actual requirements before the comprehensive utilization or disposal. The sludge with the heavy metal contents or other indicators beyond the standard should not be used for directly edible crops;
2) The sludge disposal at the designated receiving sites should be legally approved by the corresponding authorities with the proper management of leachate treatment facilities to ensure the compliant discharge;
3) In view of the limited local landfill capacity, it is suggested that if the sludge quality is compliant with the standard, part of the desilted sludge could be comprehensively utilized, such as road pavement and brick making, so as to reduce the farmland
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damage caused by soil borrowing and realize the diverse investment to promote the comprehensive river rehabilitation;
4) Try to realize the internal earthwork balance as far as possible, as detailed below.
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Table 132: Desilted Sludge Disposal for Desilting Projects
Name of Desilting 3 Earthwork Quantity (m ) Proposed Disposal Methods Project Dump at six dump sites selected around the lake for Longzi Lake 2.20million drying, and then use the dried sludge as the soil for the surrounding vegetation. Xijiagou Canal 33300 Dry the sludge at the 8 nearby dump sites. Baligou Canal 3347 Send the sludge to the sanitation landfill site. Dump the sludge along both sides of the canals for Water feeding ditch drying, then use as the fills for the North Huai River for Wangxiaogou PS 165,000 Dyke to maximize the earthwork balance; The in Huaishang District surface contaminated sludge could be sent for landfill after drying. Jie Canal, Wugu River, Daoban Canal Send to the Guzhen domestic solid waste landfill site and flood discharge 393,600 for disposal. canals in Guzhen County Part of the desilted sludge can be used as the Hilly ponds in fertilizer for vegetation rehabilitation and the fills for 22,600 Huaiyuan County the greenbelts along the roads in the food processing industry park. Firstly stack along both sides of the canals for natural Sanpu Great Ditch drying, then the sludge of the surface contaminated and Mochongyin layer is sent to the sanitation landfill for disposal, and 450,600 River in Wuhe the sludge of the middle and lower layers could be County used as the fills of farmland, forestation and scenery sites.
- Spoil Soil & Construction Waste
1) Spoil soil and construction waste should be filled at designated sites following the instructions of the municipal and planning authorities; the construction unit should complete the legal procedures for spoil soil discharge before sending the waste for landfill;
2) The wasted sand & stone, construction materials, steel and packing material should be managed and reclaimed by special persons to save the resource. With the construction completion, the construction sites should be cleaned up in time. It is prohibited to pile up the construction waste on site;
3) The construction waste, such as bricks and tiles, can be disposed by general storage, however, the waste should be finally sent to the appointed dump site;
4) The construction should be completely enclosed to control the pollution and impacts within the construction site;
5) For the transportation, the vehicles should not be over-loaded with the coverage of paulin or vehicle enclosure; the vehicle exterior should be cleaned before leaving the sites, and the shattering along the road should be prevented; the transportation should be arranged away from the sensitive points for rush hours with relevant appropriate RIg00006 A17978/CIGZ070287 XDH/GDM October 2007 Page: 206/324
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mitigation measures to alleviate the traffic pressure for materials transportation and reduce the material leakage;
6) It is prohibited to pile up construction materials as sands and stone around the lakes and rivers, and the dump site should be away from the lakes and rivers as far as possible. The mud scattered on the site and the detour should be cleaned in time in order to prevent the soil solidification and its impacts on the flatness of the site and the road.
- Sewage Sludge from Mohekou WWTP
With alternative analysis, it is proposed in the FSR that the sewage sludge from the Mohekou WWTP will be treated and disposed as follows:
Concentration—Dewatering—Transportation—Bengbu Municipal Sanitation Landfill Site
- Domestic Garbage & Other Solid Waste
1) Establish temporary garbage dumping points in the construction sites to collect the garbage produced by the construction workers and the garbage from the desilting. The collected garbage should be timely transported outwards. And no random dumping is permitted;
2) The portable toilets for the camp should be regularly disinfected and cleaned by the local environmental sanitation department;
3) The rivers and the river banks should be cleared before the implementation of desilting and storm drainage PS projects and the dumped domestic garbage should be transported to the solid waste disposal site. The outfalls for domestic and industrial wastewater should be cleared in case of being blocked; the river courses should be cleaned up and leveled off after the project completion. No residue is allowed when demolishing the surrounding weirs;
4) The construction machinery and the vehicles should be managed strictly. The oil leakage and random dumping of waste oil is prohibited. The waste oil and the containers belong to the hazardous waste of “waste mineral oil”. If the waste oil is not allowed to be dumped at random, it should be stored with special containers and the qualified units should be entrusted for the disposal.
1.1.79 Mitigation Measures against Soil Erosion
Before the project construction, various emergency plans should be prepared against the soil erosion to maximize the protection and rational utilization of water and soil resources. For the temporary land occupation, the occupation time should be shortened as far as possible, and the occupied land should be timely cleaned up and resumed for the original function. The detailed measures are as follows:
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1) Earthworks: Try to maintain the original landform in the construction, minimize the earthwork so as to lower the cost. Avoid the excavation work in the raining season. Control measures should be taken for the exposed ground to minimize the soil erosion. The excavated earth should be cleaned day by day as far as possible. If not, the exacted earth should be standardizedly stacked; try to realize the earthwork balance during construction, and the excavated earth should be used for backfilling as far as possible; the remaining spoil soil from pipeline laying should be timely delivered to other construction sites (e.g. embankment, access roads, etc.) for the use of fills and greening in order to avoid unreasonable landfilling;
2) Dump site construction: Flat sites should be selected for temporary dumping equipped with necessary facilities around, such as flood discharge ditches, flood discharge pipes or retaining walls to reduce the loss of spoil soil;
3) Vegetation rehabilitation and greening: Maintain the original vegetation as far as possible for soil conservation. The area with vegetation required to be destroyed should be well planned, the protection and rehabilitation plan should be prepared for the destroyed vegetation; the vegetation should be rehabilitated as soon as possible with the construction completion; the riverside greening should be strengthened, especially for the dyke projects. The engineering side slope should try to use grouted square turf or turf for protection;
4) Drainage management: The drainage measures should be taken during construction to prevent soil erosion caused by storm;
5) Construction plan: The project construction should be implemented by phase in order to shorten the construction period for single item, especially for the network projects;
6) For embankment projects, during construction, two sides of the dike should be covered by dustproof net, when necessary, side ditch and stagnant pool on riverway are built; reasonable stacking of the earthwork at construction site should be given more attention and keep certain distance with riverway and ditch, in addition, straw bag are piled up all around to prevent the sand from inflowing into the waters and cut down the impact of soil erosion on rivers and drainage ditches; the afforestation should be made immediately after finishing embankment .
7) There is height difference between some roads and surrounding terrain, so retaining wall is established at both sides of the roads to prevent soil erosion caused by rain wash.
8) Due to the reservoir and desilting from flood prevention ditch relating to the construction in Huaiyuan County, the desilted sludge can be used for the slope of flood control ditch and reservoir according to argillaceous features, or delivered to garbage landfill field to fill. The reduction for the time of site storage is to prevent soil erosion caused by rain wash.
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1.1.80 Mitigation Measures against Water Pollution
1 When the buildings are under construction, the construction unit should set up sedimentation tank to discharge rain sewage and water pools at construction site produced in the period of construction after all reach the standard through disposal. Piling mud should be sent to designated place by the treatment of sedimentation and drying according to the requirements of urban area management department, and it is prohibited to discharge the piling mud into around farmland or ditches, reservoirs and rivers in case of blockage of drainage channel; at the same time, it is prohibited to discharge the piling mud into municipal pipeline network to block the pipeline.
2 Storage area for construction materials should be away from surface water and set up runoff place where is not easily to be washed; In addition, storage area for powdered materials should be matched with the coverings such as straw bag and paulin and open ditch should be dug around storage area in order to prevent runoff washing.
3 Planting the lawn or installing fixed filter screen for clay can prevent soil erosion caused by the runoff of rainfall.
4 The discharge of life sewage from construction site must be uncompromisingly controlled. As for construction process presenting linear distribution just like pipeline, the builders disperse comparatively, so they should try to make use of existing life facilities near construction sites. If there are no sanitary facilities, oil separator tank and septic tank should be set up at construction site for the case of temporary restaurant set up at building site. After life sewage of the builders is pretreated, it is delivered to municipal departments to regularly make spot transportation, and then these life sewage are sent to sewage treatment plant by tank car available for sewage transportation, it is prohibited to discharge at construction site.
5 Construction unit should adopt all necessary measures to prevent sewage without disposal from flowing into rivers and ditches.
6 The management on construction sites should be strengthened, the sites and landfill slope of earthwork keep plat and tidy to reduce the earthwork to enter into riverway near landfill site; The waste at construction sites must be cleaned and transported outside in time.
7 Building materials, such as oil and chemical products, is not suitable to be filled near the rivers and waters and should keep away from rivers with temporary covered paulin to prevent them into water from washing out by gale and rainfall. Environmental management should be reinforced to avoid oil materials leakage caused by construction machineries or the dumping of oil materials into waters to produce pollution, and it is suggested that the method of vessel-receiving is adopted for oil leakage of the machineries.
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Bengbu Integrated Environment Improvement Project
8 Desilting Works: construction should be done during dry season in order to avoid the impact caused by riverway flooding; the sludge produced by riverway Desilting should be stored at least 10m away from the shore according to the requirements of works design so as to avoid the sludge flowing into the riverway through runoff; sedimentation tank is put at low lying place of construction sits, and underground infiltration pumped by sinking pump, wasted water from construction operation and life sewage of the constructors are discharged into the waters after being disposed in sedimentation tank. There is foundation trench around sludge landfill field, which connects with sedimentation tank, the remaining water caused by sludge landfill are discharged into the river at downstream for avoiding flowing into riverway or the impact on water quality and environmental sanitary at construction sits led by wanton discharge .
9 Flood Prevention Control for Tianhe: Construction should be done during dry season, and the construction period should be reduced in order to avoid the impact caused by riverway flooding. At construction sits of Tianhe PS, sedimentation tank is put at low lying place, and operating waste water of the construction, such as water building pit infiltration pumped by sinking pump, waste mud water, waste water contained oil, should be given priority to be reused at construction site after being disposed through sedimentation tank and grease trap, these disposed water are adopted as operating water and sprinkling to control dust in order to reduce discharge volume of waste water. The construction waste water and life sewage must reach Class I Standard before being discharged into the Huai River. Side ditch for drainage must be set there when perimeter irrigation station and fishing ground of the Tianhe Lake are reconstructed, and sedimentation tank is put at low lying place away from the Tianhe Lake, after being disposed through oil separator sedimentation tank, waste water caused by construction should meet water operation requirements specified in “Standard for Irrigation Water Quality” and is discharged into the ditches of perimeter farmland, and it is prohibited to discharge those waste water into the Tianhe Lake directly. Desilting and excavating works for the bed need to done when reconstructing PS and fishing ground, the cleaned out sludge should be stored away from the shores in case of sludge and rainfall in storage filed flowing into the rivers; drainage ditches are set around the area for piling the mud, and project engineering wastewater is disposed at sedimentation tank that is set up at low lying place and flows into peripheral ditches in order to avoid engineering wastewater flow into the Tianhe Lake or the Huai River or directly into farmland soil.
10 Water Environment Protection Measures for the Longzi Lake