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Adam Cathcart, Christopher Green, and Steven Denney
Articles How Authoritarian Regimes Maintain Domain Consensus: North Korea’s Information Strategies in the Kim Jong-un Era Adam Cathcart, Christopher Green, and Steven Denney Te Review of Korean Studies Volume 17 Number 2 (December 2014): 145-178 ©2014 by the Academy of Korean Studies. All rights reserved. 146 Te Review of Korean Studies Pyongyang’s Strategic Shift North Korea is a society under constant surveillance by the apparatuses of state, and is a place where coercion—often brutal—is not uncommon.1 However, this is not the whole story. It is inaccurate to say that the ruling hereditary dictatorship of the Kim family exerts absolute control purely by virtue of its monopoly over the use of physical force. The limitations of state coercion have grown increasingly evident over the last two decades. State-society relations in North Korea shifted drastically when Kim Jong-il came to power in the 1990s. It was a time of famine, legacy politics, state retrenchment, and the rise of public markets; the state’s coercive abilities alternated between dissolution and coalescence as the state sought to co-opt and control the marketization process, a pattern which continued until Kim Jong-il’s death in 2011 (Kwon and Chung 2012; Hwang 1998; Hyeon 2007; Park 2012). Those relations have moved still further under Kim Jong- un.2 Tough Kim’s rise to the position of Supreme Leader in December 2011 did not precipitate—as some had hoped—a paradigmatic shift in economic or political approach, the state has been extremely active in the early years of his era, responding to newfound domestic appreciation of North Korea’s situation in both the region and wider world. -
Tradition and Legitimation in North Korea: the Role of the Moranbong Band
Article Tradition and Legitimation in North Korea: The Role of the Moranbong Band Pekka KORHONEN and Adam CATHCART The Review of Korean Studies Volume 20 Number 2 (December 2017): 7-32 ©2017 by the Academy of Korean Studies. All rights reserved. 8 The Review of Korean Studies Introduction North Korea continues to maintain its position in the global media spotlight, having attained an almost magnetic status more central than the size and wealth of the state would ostensibly warrant. Much of this has to do with the fact that it is both an agent and the target of continuous propaganda war, the Korean peninsula being one of the main theatres where the increasing military tension in East Asia is played out. Rounds of tightening multilateral and unilateral sanctions by the United Nations and individual states create continuous speculation of a possible collapse of the North Korean regime, but its staying power has been surprising over the decades. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) was officially founded in 1948, making it now 69 years old. There must be reasons why it does not easily collapse, and the usual propagandistic explanations of repression, surveillance, information control, and harsh punishments are not satisfactory as the sole reasons (Eberstadt 2013). Significant changes are taking place in the society. This is what observers of North Korean economy have been arguing already for years (Smith 2015, 260- 93; Lankov and Kim 2008; Lankov 2015), but changes are occurring also in the cultural sphere. North Korea as a distinct society already has traditions spanning over three generations, and with them the state has a proven order and a certain legitimacy, which helps in understanding its resilience even against the collective will of the rest of the world. -
Understanding Korea 8 Tourism & Investment
UNDERSTANDING KOREA 8 TOURISM & INVESTMENT PYONGYANG, KOREA Juche 106 (2017) UNDERSTANDING KOREA 8 TOURISM & INVESTMENT Foreign Languages Publishing House Pyongyang, Korea Juche 106 (2017) CONTENTS 1. Tourism Resources.................................................1 2. Major Tourist Attractions .......................................1 3. Pyongyang, a Tourist Destination...........................2 4. Monumental Structures in Pyongyang....................2 5. Grand Monument on Mansu Hill............................2 6. Tower of the Juche Idea..........................................3 7. Monument to Party Founding .................................4 8. Chollima Statue.......................................................5 9. Arch of Triumph .....................................................6 10. Victorious Fatherland Liberation War Museum and Monument to the Victorious Fatherland Liberation War ....................7 11. Monument to the Three Charters for National Reunification......................................8 12. Parks and Pleasure Grounds in Pyongyang.............9 13. Moran Hill ............................................................10 14. Kaeson Youth Park ...............................................10 15. Rungna People’s Pleasure Ground........................11 16. Pyongyang, a Time-Honoured City ......................12 17. Royal Tombs in Pyongyang..................................13 18. Mausoleum of King Tangun................................. 13 19. Mausoleum of King Tongmyong.......................... 14 20. -
PK2014-06-OCR.Pdf
CONTENTS Δ Re-election of Kim Jong Un as First Chairman of the DPRK NDC ...............1 Δ First Session of the 13th SPA of the DPRK Held ....................................2 Δ Mega Event of the Nation, Unshakeable Will .................................4 Δ Hall of Wax Replica Open to Public .....5 Δ Brilliant History, Immortal Exploits • Achieving Invincible Single-hearted Unity ...................................................6 • Giving Priority to Improving People’s Living Standards ..................8 Δ History of Friendship ............................10 Δ The 29th April Spring Friendship Art Festival ..................................................16 Δ I Am Sure of Bright Future of Korea ....19 Δ It Was Impressive Days ........................19 Δ Voice of the World Aspiring to Independence .......................................20 Δ Aerospace Exploration in the DPRK ....21 Δ Putting Great Efforts into Technical Innovation ............................................22 Δ For Clean Environment ........................24 Δ Pencil Drawings Mirror Juvenile Mind .....................................................26 Δ Happy Children.....................................28 Δ Tours of Korea Get Brisk ......................30 Δ Special Foods of Pyongyang ................33 Δ International Marathon Race Held in Pyongyang............................................34 Δ Calling for Implementation of North-South Joint Declaration .............36 Δ History Tells Who Started Korean War .......................................................38 -
North Korea Children's Day and Dragon Boat Festival Budget Tour
North Korea Children's Day and Dragon Boat Festival Budget Tour May 31st – June 4th 2022 4 nights in North Korea + Beijing-Pyongyang travel time OVERVIEW There is a famous saying in North Korea that 'Children are the Kings of the Country' and significant attention is devoted to children's upbringing and education. International Children's Day on the 1st of June is particularly important and celebrations are held in recognition of children throughout North Korea. This is a day that is usually marked by student-oriented activities, events, and celebrations. We'll spend the holiday in the capital Pyongyang out and about in the city visiting locations popular with schoolchildren and their families, letting out our inner child and joining in the fun! This tour is ideal for those who are looking for an active week in North Korea and willing to take three extar days off for the Chinese Dragon Boat Festival long weekend. Looking for a quick escape out of China? Put that zongzi down and look no further. This action-packed week getaway is an introduction to North Korea through outdoor and indoor activities. Early risers can have a morning run on Pyongyang's Sports Street and be overtaken by North Korean athletes during their morning training. Get the rare chance to tour the highlights of Pyongyang by bike before finishing off at Munsu Water Park to relax with the locals. This will also get you to the DMZ, the most heavily fortified border on earth, and a viewpoint of the Concrete Wall, an anti-tank barrier built in the 1970s by the south across the entire DMZ. -
The Political Bureau of the Central Committee Of
Political Bureau of WPK Central Committee Met CONTENTS he Political Bureau of the Central Committee of Δ Political Bureau of WPK Central Tthe Workers’ Party of Korea met on April 11 at the Committee Met‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 1 headquarters building of the WPK Central Committee. Kim Jong Un, chairman of the Workers’ Party Δ Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un of Korea, chairman of the State Affairs Commission of the DPRK and supreme commander of the armed Inspects Army Units‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 2 forces of the DPRK, attended the meeting. Δ Third Session of the 14th SPA Present there were also members and alternate members of the Political Bureau of the WPK Central of the DPRK Held‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 4 Committee. Upon authorization of the Political Bureau of the Δ Pyongyang Yesterday and Today‥‥‥ 6 Party Central Committee, Chairman Kim Jong Un Δ Kangwon Province Prospers presided over the meeting. The meeting decided its agenda items. by Dint of Self-reliance‥‥‥‥‥‥ 14 Discussing its first agenda item, the meeting Δ Spring of Namri Village emphasized the need to consistently take strict national countermeasures to cope with the steady spread of the in Mangyongdae‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 20 pandemic and thoroughly check the inroads of the virus. Δ Training into Masters of Sky‥‥‥‥ 22 It studied and discussed issues of adjusting and Δ Centenarian Woman‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 24 changing some policy tasks in the implementation of the decisions made at the Fifth Plenary Meeting of the Δ For the Football Development Seventh Central Committee of the WPK in view of the of the Country‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 25 prevailing internal and external climates. A joint resolution of the Central Committee of the Δ Blessed Triplets‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 26 WPK, the State Affairs Commission of the DPRK and the DPRK Cabinet “On more thoroughly taking state Δ Chollima General Building-Materials measures to protect our people’s lives and safety from Factory‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ 28 the worldwide epidemic” was adopted at the meeting. -
PK2019-12-OCR.Pdf
CONTENTS Δ Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un Climbs up Mt Paektu ....1 Δ Pyongyang Ostrich Farm ..................................................24 Δ Supreme Leader Gives Guidance to Various Units ..........2 Δ To Increase Aquatic Resources .........................................28 Δ Journey to Peace and Prosperity in 2019 .........................8 Δ Pyongyang Subway ..........................................................30 Δ Mountain Villages Transformed Δ Family of Teachers in Sohung .........................................34 beyond Recognition .........................................................20 Δ Children’s Paduk Contest Held ........................................36 Δ Hyesan-Samjiyon Railroad Opened ................................20 Δ Girl’s Dream Comes True ................................................38 Δ We Are Yearning for Your Benevolent Image .................22 Δ Reliving the Time-honoured History ................................40 FRONT COVER: Mt Paektu, the sacred mountain of the revolution Pictorial KOREA is published in Korean, Chinese, Russian and English. Photo: Kong Yu Il Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un Climbs up Mt Paektu 1 Supreme Leader Gives Guidance to Various Units Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un visits Samjiyon County to provide fi eld guidance at the construction sites The Supreme Leader gives field guidance at the construction site of the Yangdok County hot spring resort that nears completion Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un continued his energetic guidance for the sake of the prosperity of the country and the -
North Korean House of Cards Leadership Dynamics Under Kim Jong-Un
North Korean House of Cards Leadership Dynamics Under Kim Jong-un Ken E. Gause H R N K North Korean House of Cards Leadership Dynamics Under Kim Jong-un Ken E. Gause H R N K Committee for Human Rights in North Korea Copyright © 2015 Committee for Human Rights in North Korea Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior permission of the Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea 1001 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 435 Washington, DC 20036 P: (202) 499-7970 ISBN: 9780985648053 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015954268 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Gordon Flake (Co-Chair) Chief Executive Officer, Perth USAsia Centre, The University of Western Australia Co-author, Paved with Good Intentions: The NGO Experience in North Korea Katrina Lantos Swett (Co-Chair) President and CEO, Lantos Foundation for Human Rights and Justice John Despres (Co-Vice-Chair) Consultant on International Financial & Strategic Affairs Suzanne Scholte (Co-Vice-Chair) President, Defense Forum Foundation Seoul Peace Prize Laureate Helen-Louise Hunter (Secretary) Attorney Author, Kim II-Song’s North Korea Kevin C. McCann (Treasurer) General Counsel, StrataScale, Inc., Counsel to SHI International -
Being in North Korea
Praise for Andray Abrahamian’s Being in North Korea “By far the most informative book I’ve read on life in North Korea. Andray Abrahamian writes very entertainingly and knows what he’s talking about. This is a rich and surprisingly revealing portrait of a super-secretive society.” — Michael Palin “Quite simply, a must-read for anybody going to North Korea. For everybody else, it is a literary excursion of the best kind — humane, funny in ways you will never expect, grim when it should be, and rich beyond belief with hard-won expertise.” — Evan Osnos, Staff Writer, The New Yorker “Each page of Being in North Korea is a fresh revelation. Andray Abrahamian has spent more time in North Korea than anybody I know and he’s such a knowledgeable and amusing guide that you’ll feel like you’ve had the privilege of an exclusive tour by the time you finish reading his book.” — Barbara Demick, Los Angeles Times “Few North Korea watchers have the breadth and depth of experiences like Andray Abrahamian. Ranging from running a nonprofit training North Koreans on entrepreneurship to undertaking academic studies as a PhD-trained scholar, the author’s work highlights his valuable perceptions about North Korea’s society and markets. Being in North Korea captures Abrahamian’s experiences in a way that informs and entertains.” — John S. Park, Harvard University “What is it like over there? This simple but at the same time immensely difficult question is what Abrahamian seeks to answer. Having worked in North Korea and speaking the language, he is the right person for such an endeavor. -
Understanding Korea 6 Culture
UNDERSTANDING KOREA 6 CULTURE PYONGYANG, KOREA Juche 106 (2017) UNDERSTANDING KOREA 6 CULTURE Foreign Languages Publishing House Pyongyang, Korea Juche 106 (2017) CONTENTS 1. Character of Culture................................................1 2. Classification of Culture .........................................1 3. Essence of Education..............................................1 4. Education System ...................................................2 5. Development of Free Compulsory Education System ...................................................3 6. Universal 12-Year Compulsory Education .............4 7. Education for Gifted Children ................................5 8. Kyongsang Kindergarten ........................................6 9. Pyongyang Middle School No. 1 ............................7 10. Educational Bases for Extracurricular Activities ................................................................7 11. Mangyongdae Schoolchildren’s Palace ..................8 12. Children’s Camps ...................................................9 13. Songdowon International Children’s Camp............9 14. Universities and Colleges .....................................10 15. Kim Il Sung University........................................11 16. Educational Network ............................................12 17. Distance Education...............................................12 18. Grand People’s Study House ................................13 19. Giving Priority to Science and Technology.......... 14 20. Sci-Tech Power................................................... -
North Korean Leadership Dynamics and Decision-Making Under Kim Jong-Un a First Year Assessment
North Korean Leadership Dynamics and Decision-making under Kim Jong-un A First Year Assessment Ken E. Gause Cleared for public release COP-2013-U-005684-Final September 2013 Strategic Studies is a division of CNA. This directorate conducts analyses of security policy, regional analyses, studies of political-military issues, and strategy and force assessments. CNA Strategic Studies is part of the glob- al community of strategic studies institutes and in fact collaborates with many of them. On the ground experience is a hallmark of our regional work. Our specialists combine in-country experience, language skills, and the use of local primary-source data to produce empirically based work. All of our analysts have advanced degrees, and virtually all have lived and worked abroad. Similarly, our strategists and military/naval operations experts have either active duty experience or have served as field analysts with operating Navy and Marine Corps commands. They are skilled at anticipating the “prob- lem after next” as well as determining measures of effectiveness to assess ongoing initiatives. A particular strength is bringing empirical methods to the evaluation of peace-time engagement and shaping activities. The Strategic Studies Division’s charter is global. In particular, our analysts have proven expertise in the follow- ing areas: The full range of Asian security issues The full range of Middle East related security issues, especially Iran and the Arabian Gulf Maritime strategy Insurgency and stabilization Future national security environment and forces European security issues, especially the Mediterranean littoral West Africa, especially the Gulf of Guinea Latin America The world’s most important navies Deterrence, arms control, missile defense and WMD proliferation The Strategic Studies Division is led by Dr. -
The Arirang Mass Games of North Korea
Rudiger Frank: The Arirang Mass Games of North Korea. The Asia-Pacific Journal, Vol. 11, Issue 46, No. 2, December 2013, http://japanfocus.org The Arirang Mass Games of North Korea Rudiger Frank1 Purpose and focus Having grown up in East Germany, from early on I have been familiar with all kinds of mass performances, including organized parades, meetings, or so-called mass games or mass gymnastics. All of them involved large numbers of people, often in the thousands or tens of thousands. 2 The performances were characterized by a high level of synchronism and uniformity. They included music, artistic components, dancing and marching. They brimmed over with symbolism. The 대집단체조와 예술공연 아리랑 (Mass gymnastics and artistic performance Arirang), in the West usually known as Arirang Mass Games (henceforth Arirang) of the DPRK, or North Korea, thus do not strike me as particularly “breathtaking”, which seems to be the typical reaction of most visitors. This does not mean, however, that Arirang is less worth of our attention. Technically speaking, Arirang is a visual and acoustic artistic and gymnastics performance that takes place in a large stadium. It is said to involve 100,000 participants who either perform on stage or as “pixels” in a large “living” screen, a human canvas on which various images and slogans are shown. I look at Arirang as part of my attempts at understanding the North Korean system through the lens of its own public statements, often referred to as propaganda. I will thus not discuss the aesthetics or explore how the mass games relegate the individual to the role of a tiny piece in large machinery, how they suppress individuality and show that usefulness is only in the group.