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MITIGATION Fisheries Legislation on the Brazilian Section of the River a Decree Published Annually by IBAMA Prohibits Fishing During the Spawning Season

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MITIGATION Fisheries Legislation on the Brazilian Section of the River a Decree Published Annually by IBAMA Prohibits Fishing During the Spawning Season 'l^iito !^&; /South America This page intentionally left blank Migratory Fishes of South America Biology, Fisheries and Conservation Status eDITED B JOACHIM CAROLSFELD BRIAN HARVEY CARMEN Ross ANTON BAER W O Ft L. D FISHERIES The World Bank TRUST International Development Research Centre Ottawa • Cairo • Dakar • Montevideo • Nairobi • New Delhi • Singapore World Fisheries Trust 204-1208 Wharf Street, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3B9 http://www.worldfish.org • [email protected] The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC 20433 USA http://www.worldbank.org • [email protected] • Tel: 202-473-1000 International Development Research Centre PO Box 8500, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1G 3H9 http://www.idrc.ca/ • [email protected] © 2003 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colours, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of the World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA, telephone 978-750-8400, fax 978-750-4470, www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA, fax 202-522-2422, e-mail [email protected]. National Library of Canada Cataloguing in Publication Data Migratory Fishes of South America : Biology, Fisheries and Conservation Status / edited by Joachim Carolsfeld... [et al]. Co-published by IDRC and the World Bank. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-9683958-2-12 1. Fishes—Migration—South America. 2. Fishes—South America. 3. Fisheries—South America. 4. Fishery conservation—South America. I. Carolsfeld, Joachim, 1955- II. International Development Research Centre (Canada) III. World Bank. IV. World Fisheries Trust QL632.A1M53 2003 333.95'6'098 C2003-906143-4 Design and production by Alaris Design, Victoria, Canada Printed in Canada TABLE OF CONTENTS MIGRATORY FISHES OF SOUTH AMERICA List of Contributors vii Acknowledgements x Chapter 1 - Introduction: Fishes of the Floods 1 Brian Harvey and Joachim Carolsfeld Chapter 2 - Migratory Fishes of the Upper Parana River Basin, Brazil 19 Angelo Antonio Agostinho, Luiz Carlos Gomes, Harumi Irene Suzuki and Horacio Ferreira Julio Jr. Chapter 3 - Migratory Fishes of the Paraguay-Parana Basin, Excluding the Upper Parana Basin 99 Emiko Kawakami de Resende Chapter 4 - Migratory Fishes of the Uruguay River 157 Evoy Zaniboni Filho and Uwe H. Schulz Chapter 5 - Migratory Fishes of the Sao Francisco River 195 Yoshimi Sato and Hugo P. Godinho Chapter 6 - Migratory Fishes of the Brazilian Amazon 233 Carlos A. R. M. Araujo-Lima and Mauro Luis Ruffino Chapter 7 - Migratory Fishes of the Colombian Amazon 303 Jaime Alberto Diaz-Sarmiento and Ricardo Alvarez-Leon Appendix A - Summary of Principal South American Migratory Fish 345 Appendix B - Migratory Fish Species in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa 361 This page intentionally left blank MIGRATORY FISHES OF SOUTH AMERICA VII LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Angelo Antonio Agostinho Nucleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqiiicultura (Nupelia), Depto. de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Maringa Ave. Colombo, 5790 Maringa, Parana, Brazil CEP 87020-900 E-mail: [email protected] Ricardo Alvarez-Leon Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Institute de Humanidades y Ciencias Basicas Universidad de La Sabana Bogota, Colombia E-mail: [email protected] Carlos A. R. M. Araujo-Lima Institute Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA) C.P.-478; 69011-970 Manaus, AM, Brazil Email: [email protected] Joachim Carolsfeld World Fisheries Trust #204-1208 Wharf Street Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3B9 E-mail: [email protected] VIII MIGRATORY FISHES OF SOUTH AMERICA Jaime Alberto Diaz-Sarmiento Centre de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano Cr 4a, No. 22-61 Apartado Aerea 314185 Bogota, Colombia E-mail: [email protected] Horatio Ferreira Julio Jr. Niicleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqiiicultura (Nupelia), Depto. de Biologia Celular e Genetica Universidade Estadual de Maringa Ave. Colombo, 5790 Maringa, Parana, Brazil CEP 87020-900 E-mail: [email protected] Hugo P. Godinho Graduate Program on Vertebrate Zoology, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais Av. Dom Jose Caspar, 500 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil CEP 30535-610 E-mail: [email protected] Luiz Carlos Gomes Nucleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqiiicultura (Nupelia), Depto. de Biologia Universidade Estadual de Maringa Ave. Colombo, 5790 Maringa, Parana, Brazil CEP 87020-900 E-mail: [email protected] Brian Harvey World Fisheries Trust #204-1208 Wharf Street Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3B9 E-mail: [email protected] MIGRATORY FISHES OF SOUTH AMERICA IX Emiko Kawakami de Resende Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa), Embrapa Pantanal Caixa Postal 109 Corumba, MS, Brazil 79320-900 E-mail: [email protected] Mauro Luis Ruffino ProVarzea - MMA/IBAMA/PPG7 Rua Ministro Joao Goncalves de Souza s/n°; 69.075-830 Manaus, AM, Brazil Email: [email protected] Yoshimi Sato Estacao de Hidrobiologia e Piscicultura de Tres Marias Companhia de Desenvolvimento dos Vales do Sao Francisco e do Paranaiba (CODEVASF) Tres Marias, MG, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] UweRSchulz Fish Ecology, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS) Centro 2,93022 Sao Leopoldo, RS, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Harumi Irene Suzuki Nucleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqiiicultura (Nupelia) Universidade Estadual de Maringa Ave. Colombo, 5790 Maringa, Parana, Brazil CEP 87020-900 E-mail: [email protected] Evoy Zaniboni Filho Departamento de Aqiiicultura/CCA, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Caixa Postal 476 - Campus Universitario - CEP 88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] X MIGRATORY FISHES OF SOUTH AMERICA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS he preparation of this book was funded by the World Bank and the TInternational Development Research Centre (IDRC). The editors and authors would like to thank M. Isabel Braga and Robert Schneider of the World Bank's Latin America and the Caribbean Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Unit for their enthusiasm and encouragement, and IDRC's Brian Davy for his unfailing dedication to small-scale fisheries in the developing world. The Canadian International Development Agency is also to be thanked for facilitating the networking needed to keep the team of authors together over the several years it took to produce this book. 1INTRODUCTION Fishes of the Floods Brian Harvey Joachim CarolsfeSd World Fisheries Trust Victoria, BC, Canada This page intentionally left blank TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER The Idea Behind this Book 5 Important but Ignored 6 Migratory Strategies: Endless Variety 8 Threats to Migratory Fishes 10 Geographic Coverage and Aliases 13 The Migratory Fishes as Examples of Freshwater Biodiversity 14 The Future 15 A Note on Usage 17 References 18 3 This page intentionally left blank CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION: FISHES OF THE FLOODS The Idea Behind this Book In 1996, the World Bank published Freshwater Biodiversity in Asia, with Special Reference to Fish, a technical review that has become a sourcebook for anyone interested in Asian migratory fish species.1 The need for a companion volume on South American species was obvious, especially in a historical moment where the precarious status of inland water biodiversity was finally beginning to get the international attention it deserved. We approached the Bank, fortunately at a time when new and forward-looking ideas about water management were beginning to appear in its own reports and guidelines, and our proposal for a book on South America species, by South American authorities, was enthusiastically received. As biologists who had worked for many years with these species, both for conservation and for culture, we knew enough to side-step the task of writing the story of the migratory species ourselves - in Brazil alone, which takes up much of this book, the number of major river basins is so great, and the variety of species, life histories and lives affected so staggering, that no single author could do the subject justice. Fortunately, the region is blessed with fisheries scientists of very high calibre, and with interests broad enough that we were able to assemble a team of authors who covered most of the major river basins in Brazil, as well as the Colombian portion of the Amazon Basin. In some cases the authors worked alone; in others, their chapter is a team effort. In all cases, they were writing about their own back yards. We believe
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